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NORTH  CAROLINA 


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DIALECTIC  AND  PHILANTHROPIC 

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ONLY,  and  is  subject  to  a  fine  of  FIVE 
CENTS  a  day  thereafter.  It  is  DUE  on  the 
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TO  THE 


LEGISLATURE  OF  KENTUCKY. 


FOR  THE  YEARS  1850  AND  1857, 


CAREFULLY  PREPARED  BY 


ROBERT  ¥.  SCOTT,  Corresponding  Secretary. 


The  best  Agriculture  makes  the  greatest  State; 

And  the  wisest  State  makes  the  most  of  her  Agriculture, 


FRANKFORT,    KENTUCKY. 

A.  G.  HODGES,  PUB  LLC  PRINTER. 
1857. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK,  &c. 


Soon  after  the  close  of  the  Second  Kentucky  State  Fair  at  Hender- 
son, a  publication  was  made  inviting  the  owners  of  animals  which  had 
taken  premiums  at  either  of  the  State  Fairs,  and  the  authors  of  de- 
signs to  which  premiums  had  been  awarded,  to  have  appropriate  illus- 
trations executed,  and  forwarded  to  the  Corresponding  Secretaiy,  ac- 
companied with  the  proper^edigrees  and  descriptions,  for  insertion 
in  this  volume.  Subsequently  similar  application  was  made  in  person 
and  by  letter  to  many  persons. 

All  of  the  illustrations  of  stock  which  took  premiums  at  either  of  the 
State  Fairs  which  were  furnished  to  the  Corresponding  Secretary  or 
the  publisher  have  been  inserted  herein,  together  with  the  pedigrees, 
and  descriptions.  The  figures  in  the  pedigrees  refer  to  the  numbers 
in  the  American  and  English  Herd  Books. 

Reference  is  also  made  to  the  award  of  Premiums  in  this  Report 
wherein  the  premiums  are  recorded. 


vl. 


'99 


VI  ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


D'OTLEY,  432. 

The  property  of  Jeremiah  Duncan,  of  Bourbon  county,  Kentucky? 
to  which  the  second  premium  was  awarded  at  the  Kentucky  State  Fair, 
at  Paris,  in  1856 — see  page  44  of  this  Report. 

D'Oiley  was  got  by  Young  Paragon,  1155;  out  of  Louan,  by 

Otley  (4632)  ;  Cambria,  by  Bertram  2d,  21  and  (3144); 

Virginia  2d,  by  Bertram  (1716) ;  Lucilla,  by  Memnon  (1322); 

Virginia,  (imp.  by  Mr.  Law,)  by  General  (272) ;  Rosemary,  by 

Flash  (161);  Red  Rose,  by  Petrarch   (488);  by  Alexander 

(20) ;  by  Traveller  (655)  ;  by  son  of  Bolingbroke  (86). 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


VII 


U 

6 

H 

t-l 

OS 

to 


VIII  ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


EL  HAKIM. 

The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky;  a  Red  Roan;  bred  by  Mr.  Bolden  ;  calved  Janua- 
ry 28,  1853. 
El  Hakim,     -  by  Grand  Duke,      -         -     10284 

1  dam  Fame,  ...     by  .Raspberry,         -         -       4875 

2  dam  Farewell,     -         -         -     by  Young  Matchem,        -       4422 

3  dam  Flora,  -         -         -     by  Isaac,        -         -         -       3129 

4  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Young  Pilot,      -         -         497 

5  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Pilot,  496 

6  dam,         .-         -         -         -     by  Julius  Caesar,      -         -       1143 
In  185G  El  Hakim  took  second  prize  at  Lexington,  having  been 

beaten  by  Sirius  as  the  best  three  year  old  Bull 

In  the  same  year  he  took  the  first  prize  at  the  Kentucky  State  Ag- 
ricultural Society's  show  at  Paris,  Kentucky  ;  and  was  the  Bull  which, 
with  the  Cows — Vellum,  Dutchess  of  Athol,  Mazurka,  Forget-me-not, 
and  Lady  Valentine — took  the  Herd  premium  at  the  same  show. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK . 


IX 


J 


....  ■ 


/'I., 


'■>.-, 


#: 


fill 


1 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


SIRIUS,  13737. 
The  property  of  R.   Aitcheson  Alexander,   of  Woodburn,  Wood- 
ford county,  Kentucky;  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Ackroyd,  calved  October  11, 

1852. 

Sirius,    -         -         -         -         -     by  Concord,  -         -     11302 

1  dam  She's-Coming-Again,       -     by  Laudable,  -         -       9282 

2  dam  Fairy  Tale,    -      .-         -     by  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax,    -       5196 

3  dam  Thomasine,  -         -  by  Stillington,        -         -       5327 

4  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Young  Rockingham,  -       2547 

5  dam,  -  by  Driver,     -         -         -       1928 

6  dam,  -  by  Richard,   -  1376 
Sirius  was  the  winner  of  the  following  prizes,  viz : 

In  1854,  first  prize  at  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society's  Show, 
at  Paris,  Kentucky,  as  best  yearling  Bull. 

First  prize,  at  same  show,  as  best  Bull  of  any  age. 

In  1855,  first  prize,  at  Kentucky  Agricultural  Association's  Show, 
at  Lexington,  as  best  two  year  old  Bull. 

Second  prize,  at  same  show,  in  ring,  of  all  ages,  having  been  beaten 
by  R.  A.  Alexander's  Lord  John. 

First  prize  at  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society's  Show,  as  best 
two  year  old  Bull. 

First  prize  at  Eminence,  as  best  two  year  old  Bull. 

First  prize  at  South  Western  Agricultural  Society's  Show,  at  Louis- 
ville, as  best  two  year  old  Bull. 

First  prize  at  same  show,  as  best  Bull  of  any  age. 

In  1856,  first  prize  at  the  Kentucky  Agricultural  Association's 
Show,  at  Lexington,  as  best  three  year  old  Bull. 

First  prize,  at  same  show,  as  best  Bull  of  any  age. 

Second  prize  at  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society's  Show,  at 
Paris,  Kentucky,  amongst  three  year  old  Bulls,  having  been  beaten 
by  El  Hakim. 

First  prize,  as  aged  Bull,  at  South  Western  Agricultural  Society's 
Show,  at  Louisville.  Also,  first  prize,  as  best  Bull  of  any  age,  at 
same  show. 

In  1857,  first  prize  at  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society's 
Show,  at  Louisville;  and  was  the  Bull  which,  with  the  Cows — Vellum, 
Dutchess  of  Athol,  Mazurka,  and  Forget-Me-Not — took  the  Herd 
premium  at  the  same  show. 

Second  prize,  as  aged  Bull,  at  the  Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society's 
Show  at  Cincinnati. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XI 


XII  ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


VELLUM. 

The  property  of  R  Aitciieson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky ;  a  Roan ;  bred  by  Sir  R.  R.   Tempest ;  calved 
April  1,  1849. 
Vellum,  -         -         -         -     by  Abraham  Parker,  -     9856 

1  dam  Miss  Valentine,    -         -     by  Beggarman,  -         -     3118 

2  dam  Victoria,       -         -         -     by  Duke,         -         -         -     3629 

3  dam  Venus,         -         -         -     by  Young  General,  -         -     3866 

4  dam  Maria,  -         -         -by  Western  Comet,  -         -       689 

5  dam,  -  -  -  -  by  General,  -  272 
'6  dam,           -         -         -         -     by  Marquis,     -         -  407 

7  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Simon,        -         -  590 

8  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Traveler,     -  655 

9  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Lame  Bull,  -         -       357 
Vellum,  previous  to  importation,  was  first  prize  Cow  at  the  show  of 

the  Royal  Agricultural  Society  of  England,  at  the  meeting  at  Glou- 
cester. 

In  this  country  she  has  taken  the  following  prizes,  viz: 

In  1856,  first  prize  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society's  show, 
at  Paris,  Kentucky  ;  and  was  one  of  the  Cows  composing  the  premi- 
um Herd  at  this  show. 

First  prize,  as  the  best  Cow,  of  any  age,  at  the  same  show. 

First  prize,  as  the  best  aged  Cow,  at  the  Kentucky  Agricultural 
Society's  show,  Lexington. 

First  prize,  as  best  Cow  or  Heifer  of  any  age,  at  the  same  show. 

First  prize,  as  best  Cow,  at  South-western  Agricultural  Society's 
show,  at  Louisville.  Also,  first  prize,  as  best  Cow  of  any  age,  at  same 
show. 

In  1857,  second  prize  at  Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society's  show  at 
Cincinnati. 

She  was  one  of  the  Cows  composing  the  premium  Herd  at  the 
United  States  Agricultural  Society's  show  at  Louisville. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XIII 


XIV 


ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


DUCHESS  OF  ATHOL. 
The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
'County,  Kentucky;  Red  and  White;  bred  by  Mr.  Towneley  ;  calved 
August  19. 1850. 

-  by  2d  Duke  of  Oxford, 

-  by  2d  Cleveland  Lad, 

-  by  Short  Tail, 

-  by  2d  Hubback, 

-  by  2d  Earl,     - 


Duchess  of  Athol, 


dam  Duchess  54th, 
dam  Duchess  49th-, 
dam  Duchess  30th, 
clam  Duchess  20th, 
dam  Duchess  8th, 

6  dam  Duchess  2d, 

7  dam  Duchess  1st, 

8  dam  Duchess,    - 

9  dam, 

10  dam, 

11  dam, 

12  dam, 


9046 

3408 

2621 

1423 

1511 

418 

709 

155 

252 

186 

252 

319 

97 


-  by  Marske,      .... 

-  by  Ketton, 

-  by  Comet, 

-  by  Favorite,    - 

-  by  Daisy  Bull, 

-  by  Favorite,    - 

-  by  Hubback,  - 

-  by  J.  Brown's  Red  Bull,  - 
Duchess  of  Athol  took  the  following  prizes,  viz: 

Second  prize,  amongst  aged  Cows,  at  the  Kentucky  State  Agricul- 
tural Society's  show,  at  Paris,  Kentucky  ;  and  was  one  of  the  Cows 
composing  the  premium  Herd  at  same  show. 

In  1857,  first  prize  Cow  at  Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society's  show, 
.at  Cincinnati. 

First  prize,  as  best  Cow  of  any  age,  at  the  same  show. 

She  was,  also,  one  of  the  Cows  which  composed  the  premium  Herd 
at  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society's  show,  at  Louisville,  the 
same  ytar. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XV 


XVI  ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


MAZURKA. 
The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,   Wood- 
ford county,  Kentucky;  a  roan;  bred  by  W.  M.  Smith,  West  Razen; 
calved  August  13,  1851. 
Mazurka,        -         -         -         -    by  Harbinger,         -        -     10297 

1  dam  Mozelle,        -         -         -     by  Baron  ofRavensworth,       781G 

2  dam  Magnet,        -         -         -     by  Mariner,  -  7204 

3  dam,  -  by  Mina,       -        -  2316 

4  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Commodore,      -         -       1858 

5  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Rival,       -         -         -         553 
Mazurka  was  imported  by  the  Northern  Kentucky  Importing  Com- 
pany in  1853,  and  was  purchased  by  her  present  owner,  at  their  sale 
near  Paris,  Kentucky,  shortly  afterwards,  for  $3,050. 

She  was  the  third  prize  Cow  at  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural 
Society's  Show,  at  Paris,  Kentucky,  in  1856;  and  was  one  of  the 
Cows  which  composed  the  premium  Herd  at  same  show. 

She  was,  also,  one  of  the  Cows  composing  the  premium  Herd  at  the 
United  States  Agricultural  Society's  Show  at  Louisville,  in  1857,  as 
well  as  second  prize  Cow  at  that  show. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


xvn 


ii 


xvm 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


LADY  VALENTINE. 

'The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky  ;  Red  and  White ;  bred  by  Mr.  H.  Smith ;  calved 
October  8,  1853. 


Lady  Valentine, 

- 

-     by  Harbinger, 

-     10297 

1  dam  Vellum, 

- 

-     by  Abraham  Parker, 

-       9856 

2  dam  Miss  Valentine,  - 

-     by  Beggarman, 

-      3118 

3  dam  Victoria, 

- 

-     by  Duke, 

-       3629 

4  dam  Venus, 

- 

-    by  Young  General, 

-       3866 

5  dam  Maria, 

- 

-     by  Western  Comet, 

689 

6  dam, 

- 

-     by  General, 

272 

7  dam, 

- 

-     by  Marquis, 

407 

8  dam, 

. 

-     by  Simon,     - 

590 

9  dam, 

- 

-     by  Traveler,  - 

655 

10  dam, 

- 

-     by  Lame  Bull, 

356 

This  Cow  took  the  second  prize,  amongst  two  year  old  Heifers,  at  the 
Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society's  show  at  Paris,  in  1856 ;  and 
was  one  of  the  Cows  which  composed  the  premium  Herd  at  the  same 
show. 

First  prize  at  Kentucky  Agricultural  Society's  show,  at  Lexington, 
as  best  two  year  old,  same  year. 


•ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XIX 


XX 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOHK. 


2d  duchess  of  airdrie. 

The  property  of  R.  Aitciieson  Alexander,  of  Wooburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky;  Red  and  White;  bred  by  the  owner;  calved  Sep- 
tember 28,  1855. 

-  by  2d  Duke  of  Athol,     -    11*3-76 

-  by  2d  Duke  of  Oxford,   -       9046 

-  by  2d  Cleveland  Lad,      -       3408 

-  by  Short  Tail,  -         -       2621 

-  by  2d  Hubback,     -        -       1423 

-  by  2d  Earl,   -        -         -       1511 

-  by  Marske,    -         -        -         418 

-  by  Ketton,     -         -         -         709 

-  by  Comet,      -         -         -         155 

-  by  Favorite,  -         -         252 

-  by  Daisy  Bull,        -         -         186 

-  by  Favorite,  -         -         252 

-  by  Hubback,  -         -         319 

-  by  Mr.  J.  Brown's  Red  Bull,        97 
In  1850,  2d  Duchess  of  Airdrie  took  second  prize  at  Lexington, 

amongst  Heifers  under  one  year  old,  having  been  beaten  by  Mazurka 
3d. 

Also,  took  first  prize  at  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society's 
show,  at  Paris,  Kentucky,  as  the  best  yearling  Heifer. 

And  first  prize  as  best  yearling  Heifer  at  South  Western  Agricul- 
tural Society's  show  at  Louisville. 


2d  Duchess  of  Airdrie,     - 

1  dam  Duchess  of  Athol 

2  dam  Duchess  54th>     - 

3  dam  Duchess  49th,     - 

4  dam  Duchess  30th,     - 

5  dam  Duchess  20th,     - 

6  dam  Duchess  8th, 

7  dam  Duchess  2d, 

8  dam  Duchess  1st, 

9  dam  Duchess,    - 

10  dam. 

11  dam,  - 

12  dam, 

13  dam, 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XXI 


XXII 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   EEEMIUM    STOCK. 


MAZURKA  ft 
Tlie  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexvni>er,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky;  a  Roan  j  bred  by  the  owner ;  caived  October  5,. 
1855. 

-  by  2d  Duke  of  Athol,     -     11375 

-  by  Harbinger,         -         -     10297 

-  by  Baron  of  Ravensworth,       7811 

-  by  Mariner,  -         -         -       7204 

-  by  Mina,      '-         -         -       23  L  6 

-  by  Commodore,       -         -       1858 

-  by  Rival,  -        -         553 
Mazurka  3d,  in  1856,  took  first  prize,  as  best  Heifer  Calf,  at  Ken- 
tucky  State  Agricultural   Society's  show,   at  Paris,  Kentucky ;  and, 
shortly   after,   was  second  as  yearling  at   South -western  Agricultural 
Society's  show,  at  Louisville. 

In  1857,  second  prize  at  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society's 
show,  at  Louisville,  as  yearling  Heifer. 

First  prize,  as  best  y tailing  Heifer,  at  Lexington  ;  and  first  prize,  at 
same  show,  as  best  animal  of  any  age. 

First  prize,  as  best  yearling  Heifer,  at  Ohio  State  Agricultural  So- 
ciety's show  at  Cincinnati. 


Mazurka  3d, 

1  dam  Mazurka, 

2  dam  Mozelle, 

3  dam  Magnet, 

4  dam, 

5  dam, 

6  dam, 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XXIII 


iiil*l 


IB^I 


XJS.IV  ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


MAZURKA  4th. 
The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky;  a  Roan;  bred  by  the  owner;  calved   October  5, 
1855. 
Mazurka  4th,  -         -         -     by  2d  Duke  of  Athol,     -     11376 

1  dam  Mazurka,      -         -         -     by  Harbinger,         -         -     10297 

2  dam  Mozelle,        -         -         -     by  Baron  of  Ravensworth,       7811 

3  dam  Magnet,        -         -         -     by  Mariner,  -         -       7204 

4  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Mina,       -         -         -       2316 

5  dam,  -        -         -         -     by  Commodore,       -         -       1858 

6  dam,  -         -         -         -     by  Rival,       -         -         -         553 
Mazdrka  4th,  in  1856,  took  second  prize  at  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society's  show,  at  Paris,  Kentucky,   as  second  best  Heifer 
Calf. 

First  prize  at  South-western  Agricultural  Society's  show  at  Louis- 
ville. 

In  1857,  first  prize  at  United  States  Agricultural  Society's  show, 
at  Louisville,  as  best  yearling  Heifer. 

Second  prize  at  Kentucky  Agricultural  Association's  show,  at  Lex- 
ington, as  second  best  yearling  Heifer.  Also,  second  prize,  as  second 
best  Cow  or  Heifer,  of  any  age,  at  same  show. 

Second  prize  at  Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society's  show  at  Cincin- 
nati. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XXV 


XXVI  ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


. 


FORGET-ME-NOT. 

The  property  of  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  of  Woodburn,  Woodford 
county,  Kentucky  ;  a  Roan  ;  bred  by  R.  Bell ;  calved  April  9, 1849. 
Forget-Me-Not,         -         -     by  2d  Cleveland  Lad,       -         -     3408 

1  dam  Fanny,  -         -     by  4th  Duke  of  Northumberland,  1940 

2  dam  Fanny,  -         -     by  Short  Tail,  -         -         -     2621 

3  dam  Fletcher  2d,  -         -     by  Belvidere,  -         -         -     1706 

4  dam  Fletcher,        -         -     by  son  of  Young  Wyn\ard,      -     2859 

5  dam,  low  descended  from  Mr.  J.  Brown's  Red  Bull,  -         -         97 
Forget-Me-Not  was  first  prize  Cow  at  the  United  States  Agricultur- 
al Society's  show  at  Louisville,  in  185T ;  and  was  one  of  the  Cows 
which  composed  the  premium  Herd  at  same  show. 

Also,  one  of  the  Cows  which  composed  the  premium  Herd  at  the 
Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society's  show  the  previous  year,  at 
Paris,  Kentucky. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PBEMIUM  STOCK. 


XXYI1 


XXVIII  ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   PREMIUM    STOCK. 


DIANA. 
A  Red  Roan  Cow,   the  property  of  Brutcs   J.   Clay,   of  Bourbon 
county,  Kentucky,  to  which  a  premium  was  awarded  in  a  Herd  at  the 
Kentucky  State  Fair  in   185G  ;  calved  March,  1850  ;  got  by  Duke 

of  Bourbon,  446,  out  of  Dido,  by  Romulus,   (12019)  ;  Snow 

Drop,  by  Exception,  (3746)  ;  Flora,  by  Daroc,  (3666);  

Tulip,  by  Mirandi,    (4488)  ;  Lady   Munday,   by   San  Martin, 

(2599) ; imported  Mrs.  Motte. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XXIX 


!2j 


XXX  ILLUSTRATIONS   OF    PREMIUM    STOCK. 


"IMPROVED  KENTUCKY  SHEEP." 

BRED  AND  FOR  SALE  BY  ROBERT  W.  SCOTT,   NEAR  FRANKFORT,  KY. 

A  lot  of  these  sheep  was  exhibited  at  the  Kentucky  State  Fair,  at 
Paris,  in  1856,  and  also  at  the  National  Fair,  at  Louisville,  in  1857, 
at  each  of  which  a  special  premium  was  awarded*  to  them.  See  page 
53  of  this  Report. 

These  sheep  are  a  cross  of  Saxony,  Bakewell,  South  Down,  and 
Cotswold,  upon  the  Native,  or  common  sheep,  effected  by  careful 
breeding  and  selection  during  about  twenty  years. 

They  are  a  successful  combination  of  the  hardiness  and  prolific  qual- 
ity of  the  Native  Sheep,  the  size  and  thrift  of  the  Bakewell  and  Cots- 
wold, and  the  symmetry  of  form  and  delicacy  of  mutton  of  the  South 
Down,  while  the  fleeces  combine  the  weight  and  length  of  the  Cots- 
wold with  the  fineness  and  thickness  of  the  Saxony.  About  one  hun- 
dred breeding  Ewes  have  been  kept  for  many  years,  during  which  time 
their  produce,  both  males  and  females,  have  been  scattered  over  the 
West  and  South,  and  have  given  the  greatest  satisfaction  to  the  pur- 
chasers. Specimens  of  them  have  frequently  been  exhibited  at  Fairs 
in  Kentucky  and  other  States  and  they  have  uniformly  taken  pre- 
miums. 

[See  plate  on  opposite  page^\ 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  PREMIUM  STOCK. 


XXXI 


Improved    Kentucky    Sheep. 


EEPOET 


Gentlemen  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  State  of 

Kentucky : 

In  compliance  with  the  thirteenth  section  of  the  act  to  incorporate 
the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  we  would  most  respectfully 
report : 

The  Society  was  duly  organized  according  to  the  charter,  by  a  large 
and  respectable  meeting  at  the  Capitol  of  the  State,  on  the  21st  day 
of  May,  1856.  An  able  and  efficient  corps  of  officers  was  elected, 
composed  of  patriotic  and  intelligent  gentlemen  from  the  three  great 
Agricultural  Districts  of  the  State,  who  (with  but  few  changes)  have 
continued  to  the  present  time,  to  render  efficient  and  valuable  ser- 
vices, gratuitously,  except  that  the  Recording  Secretary  and  Treasurer 
receive  each  a  small  compensation. 

A  want  of  experience  in  the  management  of  such  an  institution  has 
been  felt,  and  this  cause  has  to  some  extent  hindered  its  greatest  use- 
fulness ;  and  a  season  of  great  drouth  and  of  consequent  scarcity,  was 
also  to  some  extent  a  cause  of  discouragement  to  its  friends  and  pat- 
rons. 

But  the  Society  has  been  received  with  a  spirit  of  kindness  and  sym- 
pathy, by  citizens  of  all  classes  and  professions;  and  a  cordial  co- 
operation has  been  manifested  by  sister  associations,  not  only  in  Ken- 
tucky, but  also  various  other  States  of  the  Union,  for  which  the  Socie- 
ty is  deeply  indebted,  and  which  has  contributed  largely  to  secure  the 
success  and  prosperity  which  have  crowned  the  labors  of  her  officers 
and  members. 

The  various  meetings  of  the  Society  and  of  her  officers  have  been 
harmonious  and  pleasant;  and  on  all  occasions  a  sincere  desire  has  been 
evinced  to  promote  the  general  welfare,  even  at  the  expense  of  much 
personal  care  and  trouble. 

Two  annual  fairs  of  the  Society  have  been  held  in  different  districts 

of  the  State,  at  each  of  which  a  sum  exceeding  five  thousand  dollars 

was  offered  in  premiums  for  the  reward  and  stimulus  of  skill,  industrv 
1 


6  REPORT  OF  THE 

and  enterprise  in  all  the  various  business  interests  of  the  State.  The 
premium  lists  were,  on  both  occasions,  widely  distributed,  so  as  to  in- 
vite the  remotest  section  of  the  State  to  enter  the  field  of  competition, 
and  were  so  arranged  as  to  embrace  the  interests  and  confer  the  benefits 
of  the  Society  on  all  the  varied  business  of  all  the  different  sections 
of  the  whole  Commonwealth. 

These  exhibitions,  especially  considering  the  diversity  of  objects 
embraced,  were  the  grandest  occasions  of  their  kind  ever  in  the  dis- 
tricts where  they  were  held,  and  one  of  them  was  pronounced  by  many 
persons,  competent  to  judge,  as  the  greatest  exhibition  of  fine  stock 
ever  witnessed  by  them  in  the  West,  or  in  the  Union. 

While  these  occasions  have  been  so  managed  as  prudently  and  fairly 
to  dispense  the  bounty  of  the  State,  and  so  as  to  advance  in  a  high 
degree  her  agricultural  and  other  business  interests,  great  care  has 
been  taken  to  guard  them  from  all  tendency  to  promote  idleness  and 
immorality ;  indeed,  the  association  will  hereafter  be  regarded  as  an 
occasion  for  high  and  refined  social  enjoyment  to  both  ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen, where  all  sectional,  religious  and  political  prejudices  are  lost 
and  forgotten  in  a  grand  scene  of  personal  enjoyment  and  business 
improvement. 

While  the  general  welfare  of  the  whole  community  has  thus  suc- 
cessfully been  promoted,  the  pecuniary  affairs  of  the  Society  have  been 
placed  also  in  a  prosperous  condition. 

The  field  of  usefulness  of  the  Society  has  been  enlarged  by  secur- 
ing harmonions  and  concerted  action  among  all  the  Agricultural  and 
Mechanical  Associations  in  the  State.  An  interchange  of  publica- 
tions, reports,  and  books,  has  been  established,  which,  while  it  is  highly 
gratifying  to  the  State  Society,  will  also  be  highly  beneficial  to  the 
county  societies  themselves.  The  reports  of  these  Societies  show  the 
most  decided  progress  and  improvement  which  it  is  their  object  to  pro- 
mote, and  in  them  much  interesting  and  useful  information  is  commu- 
nicated for  permanent  record  and  for  general  diffusion. 

By  the  establishment  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society, 
the  respectful  consideration  of  similar  associations  in  other  States  has 
been  secured,  and  we  are  greatly  indebted  to  them  for  liberal  supplies 
of  the  useful  and  interesting  volumes  which  they  annually  publish  and 
distribute.     Copies  of  these  and  similar  publications,  have  been  pre- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  3 

served  in  the  library  of  the  State  Society,  and  the  others  have  been 
sent  out  to  the  various  local  Societies  in  Kentucky,  and  they  will  in 
time  constitute  valuable  libraries  to  each  of  these  associations.  This 
sphere  of  usefulness,  it  is  hoped,  greatly  to  enlarge  as  soon  as  the  pub- 
lication of  our  volume,  the  matter  for  which  is  herewith  presented, 
shall  give  us  something  with  which  to  reciprocate  these  valuable  fa- 
vors. 

An  effort  has  been  partially  successful  also  to  receive  reports  from 
every  county  in  the  State,  which  shall,  in  a  brief  and  business  manner, 
set  forth  to  the  reader  a  plain  statement  of  the  agriculture,  manufac- 
tures, minerals,  and  motive  power  of  each. 

Many  of  these  will  be  found  to  be  highly  interesting  and  practical- 
ly useful;  others  still  are  yet  expected,  and  when  all  shall  be  widely 
published,  cannot  fail  to  attract  capital,  population,  industry,  and  en- 
terprise. 

In  furtherance  of  this  important  object,  a  cabinet  has  been  estab- 
lished in  the  room  of  the  Society,  which  it  is  intended  shall  be  an  ex- 
ponent of  the  wealth  and  products  of  the  State,  by  the  careful  ar- 
rangement and  exhibition  here  of  appropriate  specimens  of  the  crops, 
grasses  and  grains;  the  soils,  minerals  and  fossils  of  every  county  in 
the  Commonwealth.  Here,  also,  the  diseases  which  devastate  our  herds 
and  flocks,  and  the  insects  which  destroy  our  fruits  and  crops,  may  be 
illustrated  and  exhibited. 

In  the  same  room  also  has  been  established  a  department  for  the 
distribution  of  seeds,  which  has  already  been  found  highly  useful,  as  a 
means  of  distribution  from  the  National  Patent  Office  (to  which  the 
Society  is  greatly  indebted  for  numerous  packages,)  and  also  as  a  me- 
dium of  interchange  among  the  farmers  themselves. 

The  Society  has  also  essayed  into  a  higher  and  still  nobler  field  of 
usefulness,  viz:  the  mental  and  moral  elevation  of  the  farmers  and 
mechanics  themselves.  This,  we  regret  to  say,  is  a  sphere  of  useful- 
ness more  neglected,  and  therefore  still  more  needed,  than  any  other 
connected  with  the  labors  of  the  Society.  Man,  with  mental  and  moral 
culture,  is  but  little  lower  than  the  angels;  but  without  these,  he  is 
but  little  higher  than  the  brutes.  With  these  views,  several  hundred 
dollars  have  been  annually  offered  in  premiums  for  the  best  essays  on 
appropriate  subjects  connected  with  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts, 


4  REPORT  OF  TSE 

and  many  useful  and  creditable  productions  have  been  the  pleasant  re- 
sults. 

Two  of  the  most  gifted  and  eminent  sons  of  the  Commonwealth, 
have  also  made  addresses  at  the  State  Fairs,  which  have  shed  blessings 
on  the  Society  and  renown  on  the  State. 

This  is  a  brief  allusion  to  all  which  the  Directors  were  able  to  do  in 
the  past;  but  it  is  hoped  the  time  is  not  far  distant  when  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society  will  be  required  to  take  charge  of  an 
institution  liberally  endowed  by  the  State,  in  which  theoretical  and 
practical  agriculture  and  mechanics,  and  the  sciences  connected  there- 
with, shall  be  taught  to  the  sons  of  these  professions,  upon  which  all 
individual  and  national  prosperity  depend. 

Full  and  detailed  information  upon  all  the  subjects  herein  alluded  to 
is  contained  in  the  various  reports  of  the  officers  of  the  Society,  and 
of  others,  which  are  herewith  filed  as  parts  of  this  communication — all 
of  which  we  most  respectfully  request  may  be  published  for  the  infor- 
mation of  our  own  people,  and  for  exchange  with  kindred  associations 
in  our  own  and  in  other  States. 

All  of  which  is  most  respectfully  submitted,  for 

THE  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS, 

Br  Robert  W.  Scott, 
Cor.  Sec.  Ky.  S.  Ag.  Society. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


HISTORY 


OF  A 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY  IN  KENTUCKY  IN  1838, 


The  origin  and  first  organization  of  all  valuable  institutions  become 
subsequently  matters  of  much  interest.  On  this  account  it  is  proper 
here  to  make  an  enduring  record  of  a  State  Agricultural  Society  which 
was  organized  in  Kentucky  in  1838;  for.  although  it  has  long  ceased 
to  exist,  yet  it  may  be  regarded  as  the  parent  of  the  present  organiza- 
tion, and  therefore  its  history  is  given  here. 

On  the  3d  of  February,  1838,  delegates  from  thirty-four  counties  met 
in  Frankfort,  and  organized  the  Second  State  Agricultural  Society  of 
Kentucky. 

Of  its  numerous  and  highly  intelligent  members  were  the  following, 
some  of  whom  are  now  alive:  Hon.  James  T.  Morehead,  Hon.  John  L. 
Helm,  Hon.  Adam  Beatty,  Hon.  Thomas  Metcalfe,  Hon.  C.  A.  Wick- 
liffe,  Hon.  C.  S.  Todd,  Hon.  Chilton  Allan,  Mr.  Nathaniel  Hart,  Mr. 
John  Lewis,  &c. 

A  constitution  was  adopted,  which  provided  for  the  collection  and 
dissemination  of  agricultural  and  statistical  information  over  the  whole 
State;  for  the  award  of  diplomas,  medals,  &c,  to  the  writers  of  essays 
on  agricultural  subjects,  and  to  the  inventors  and  discoverers  of  objects 
useful  to  the  farmer  and  mechanic;  and,  also,  for  the  collection  and 
distribution  of  valuable  seeds,  &c. 

It  was  not  then  contemplated  to  hold  a  Fair  by  the  State  Society — 
this  department  being  relinquished  to  the  several  County  Societies 
which  were  then  in  operation. 

The  following  officers  were  duly  elected,  and  the  most  of  them  con- 
tinued to  act  during  the  four  years  of  the  existence  of  the  Society. 
None  of  them  received  any  compensation.  A  Vice-President  was  cho- 
sen from  each  Congressional  District. 


REPORT  OF  THE 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SECOND   KENTUCKY    STATE   AGRICULTURAL 

SOCIETY  IN  1838. 


DAVID    S.    PATTON, 
ROBERT    B.    M'AFEE, 
DANIEL  MORGAN, 
C.  S.   TODD, 
LEWIS    SANDERS. 


Hon.  CHILTON  ALLAN,  President. 

Vice-  Presidents . 

ALNEY     m'lEAN,  JOHNATHAN    HOBSON, 

CHARLES  A.   WICKLIFFE,  FRANK   BALLINGER, 

WILLIAM    SMITH,  EDWARD  B.   GAITHER, 

JAMES  SHELBY,  JAMES    GARRARD, 


Thomas  B.   Stevenson,   Corresponding  Secretary. 
Robert  W.  Scott,  Recording  Secretary. 
Philip  Swigert,    Treasurer. 

Executive    Committee. 

HARRISON    BLANTON,  JOEL    SCOTT, 

C.    J.    BLACKBURN,  JOHN    LEWIS, 

A.    C.    KEENON. 

The  Society  held  its  first  meeting  in  Frankfort,  on  the  6th  of  April, 
1838.  President  Allan  delivered  an  able  address,  which  was  published 
in  the  Franklin  Farmer,  a  valuable  agricultural,  paper  then  published 
weekly  in  Frankfort. 

Among  the  first  acts  of  the  society  was  the  passage  of  a  resolution 
requesting  our  Senators  and  Representatives  in  Congress  to  aid  in  the 
passage  of  a  bill,  authorising  the  distribution  of  seeds,  &c.  by  the  Pat- 
ent Office  of  the  United  States. 

The  First  Annual  meeting  of  the  society  was  held  in  Frankfort,  on  the 
14th  of  January,  1839,  at  which  the  Hon.  C.  S.  Todd  delivered  the 
Annual  Address,  which  was  favorably  received  and  extensively  pub- 
lished. 

The  following  County  Agricultural  Societies  had  delegates  in  at- 
tendance, as  auxiliary  societies,  viz:  Bourbon,  Jefferson,  Henry,  Frank- 
lin, Shelby,  Scott,  and  Nelson. 

Among  other  interesting  and  important  proceedings,  the  Correspond- 
ing Secretary  was  instructed  to  memorialize  the  Legislature  in  behalf 
of  a  law  to  procure  and  publish  the  Agricultural  Statistics  of  each  coun- 
ty in  Kentucky;  and,  also,  in  behalf  of  a  complete  Geological  Survey 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  7 

of  the  State;  and.  also,  in  behalf  of  an  Agricultural  School  to  be  es- 
tablished by  the  State. 

The  Second  Annual  meeting  of  the  Society  was  held  in  Frankfort, 
on  the  13th  of  January,  1840;  and  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Young  delivered  the 
Annual  Address,  which  was  also  favorably  received  and  extensively 
published.  Sixteen  counties,  and  several  County  Agricultural  Socie- 
ties were  represented,  and  there  was  a  respectable  attendance  of  mem- 
bers, among  whom  was  Mr.  B.  J.  Clay,  of  Bourbon. 

A  resolution  was  adopted  asking  legislative  aid  in  behalf  of  an 
Agricultural  School  in  Kentucky,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to 
present  the  subject  to  the  Legislature — of  which  committee  Col.  A.  P. 
Churchill,  of  Jefferson  county,  who  was  the  mover  of  the  resolution, 
was  made  the  chairman. 

A  resolution  was  passed  to  amend  the  Constitution,  so  as  to  author- 
ize the  holding  of  a  Fair  Annually  by  the  Society,  and  an  extempore 
exhibition  of  stock  of  various  kinds  was  held  on  the  Capitol  Square. 

Nine  premiums  of  $20  each  were  offered  for  the  best  Essays  on  Ag- 
ricultural subjects. 

Among  other  proceedings,  the  Legislature  was  requested  to  make  a 
small  pecuniary  appropriation  in  behalf  of  the  society.  Meetings 
were  to  be  held  in  various  parts  of  the  State,  and  the  Hon.  James  T. 
Morehead  presented  an  able  and  interesting  address  to  the  people 
of  Kentucky,  for  the  promotion  of  the  objects  of  the  society. 

Addresses  were  made  in  promotion  of  agriculture  in  various  parts 
of  the  State,  both  by  the  President  and  by  the  Vice-Presidents  during 
the  summer  of  1840. 

During  the  session  of  the  Legislature  in  1840 — on  motion  of  Mr. 
Meriwether,  of  Jefferson  county,  the  Committee  on  Agriculture  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  were  instructed  to  inquire  into  the  expedi- 
ency of  appropriating  a  portion  of  the  School  Fund  to  the  endowment 
of  three  Agricultural  Schools,  in  various  parts  of  the  State. 

During  the  same  session,  Mr.  Guthrie,  of  Louisville,  introduced  a  bill 
in  the  Senate  to  provide  a  general  plan  for  incorporating  County  and 
State  Agricultural  Societies,  and  establishing  an  Agricultural  Col- 
lege and  Model  Farm,  and  appropriating  six  thousand  dollars  per  an- 
num for  ten  years  from  the  State  Treasury,  in  support  of  the  same. 
This  bill  passed  the  Senate  by  24  to  13  votes,  but  was  lost  in  the 
House  of  Representatives. 

The  Third  Annual  meeting  of  that  State  Society  was  held  in  Frank- 
fort, on  the  12th  of  January,  1841. 

Among  other  interesting  proceedings  at  this  meeting  four  premiums 
were  awarded  to  Judge   Adam  Beatty,  of  Mason  county,  for  the  best 


8  REPORT  OF  THE 

Essays  on  the  following  subjects:  On  the  Agriculture  of  Kentucky;  on 
the  Cultivation  of  Hemp;  on  the  Cultivation  of  Corn;  and  on  the  Cul- 
tivation of  Tobacco. 

Some  other  interesting  proceedings  were  had,  and  after  the  delivery 
of  the  Annual  Address,  by  President  Allan,  and  the  re-election  of  the 
old  officers  chiefly,  the  society  adjourned.  As  an  evidence  of  the  merit, 
and  favorable  impression  of  the  President's  address,  the  Legislature, 
(then  in  session,)  ordered  the  printing  and  distribution  of  5,000  copies 
of  it  at  the  public  expense. 

This  was  the  last  meeting  of  that  organization  which  was  ever  held- 
The  Legislature,  then  in  session,  made  no  appropriation  of  money  to 
aid  the  Society,  and  it  was  not  able  to  pay  the  premiums  which  it  had 
so  worthily  awarded.  Sore  discouragement  seems  to  have  taken  pos- 
session of  the  patriotic  hearts  which  had  so  earnestly  and  successfully 
labored  for  the  public  good  for  three,  years,  without  other  reward  than 
that  of  well  doing. 

But  the  patriotic  labors  of  the  Society  were  not  lost.  The  publica- 
tions, essays  and  speeches  of  the  Society,  were  extensively  read,  and 
the  public  mind  was  instructed  on  the  duty  and  interest  of  the  State  in 
behalf  of  the  great  objects  for  which  it  labored  so  well. 

The  agricultural  statistics  of  the  State  have  long  been  collected  and 
published  through  the  Second  Auditor's  office;  a  Geological  Survey  of 
the  State  is  in  successful  progress;  a  State  Agricultural  Society  has 
been  incorporated  and  endowed  by  the  Legislature;  and  the  establish- 
ment and  endowment  of  an  j  Agricultural  College  and  a  Model  Farm,  is 
the  only  work  yet  remaining  to  be  done,  of  the  great  undertakings  of 
that  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society. 

Let  the  friends  of  Agricultural  improvement  take  courage,  and  per- 
severe in  these  good  works,  all  of  which,  indeed,  are  but  just  begun. 


- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  PRESENT  KENTUCKY 
STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


The  benefits  of  the  deceased  State  Agricultural  Society  were  too  nu- 
merous and  impressive  to  be  forgotten  by  the  Farmers  and  Mechanics 
of  Kentucky.  The  facts  and  arguments  in  its  behalf,  which  had  been 
thrown  before  the  public  mind,  were  all  the  time  working  like  leven  in 
its  favor.  Similar  institutions  were  in  prosperous  progress  in  all  the 
States  around  us,  and  a  laudable  State  pride  could  not  brook  our  back- 
wardness and  inferiority  in  this  respect.  The  experience  of  several 
years  clearly  demonstrated  that  many  of  the  proper  objects  of  a  State 
organization  could  not  be  successfully  accomplished  by  local  Societies, 
though  they  were  numerous,  and  several  were  large  and  powerful. 
The  want  of  a  more  extended  and  comprehensive  organization,  sup- 
ported and  countenanced  by  the  State,  was  felt  by  the  friends  of  Agri- 
cultural improvement  as  a  pressing  necessity,  notwithstanding  almost 
all  the  measures  which  such  an  institution  had  formerly  recommended 
were  now  being  carried  out. 

The  Agricultural  statistics  of  the  State  were  collected  and  published, 
and  a  Geological  Survey  was  in  prosperous  progress.  Governor  L.  W. 
Powell,  had  made,  in  his  message  to  the  Legislature  in  1853,  the  first 
direct  recommendation  to  appropriate  money  from  the  Treasury  of  the 
State  in  aid  of  her  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  interests,  and  a  similar 
recommendation  had  been  warmly  renewed  by  Governor  C.  S.  More- 
head,  in  his  message  in  1855;  and  the  public  sentiment  was  impressed 
that  the  governmental  arm  and  purse  should  be  extended  in  promotion 
of  these  greatest  interests  of  the  Commonwealth;  but  the  Legislature  of 
Kentucky  had  not  yet  responded,  by  efficient  action,  to  that  improved 
and  enlightened  sentiment. 

Thus  impressed  with  the  importance  of  organizing  a  large  and  use- 
ful institution,  whose  salutary  influence  should  embrace  the  whole 
State,  a  few  gentlemen  met  by  concert,  at  the  office  of  Mr.  Benjamin 
Gratz,  in  Lexington,  about  the  first  of  January,  1856.  The  venerable 
Dr.  Elisha  Warfield  presided  over  the  meeting,  which  was  composed 
of  Mr.  Benjamin  Gratz,  of  Fayette,  Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford, 
Mr.  J.  G.  Kinnaird,  of  Fayette,  Mr.  Robert  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin,  and 
Mr.  William  Warfield,  of  Fayette. 


10  REPORT  OF  THE 

After  harmonious  consultation,  a  committee  was  appointed  to  issue 
a  circular,  inviting  all  the  friends  of  the  measure  to  meet  in  Frankfort 
on  the  second  Wednesday  in  that  month,  and  accordingly  the  follow- 
ing circular  was  issued  and  widely  circulated  : 

Lexington,  Kt.,  January  5,  1856. 
Dear  Sir:  The  suffering  condition  of  a  great  and  common  cause  must  be  our  apology  for 
addressing  you  on  this  present  occasion. 

We  are  Brother  Agriculturalists,  and  rely  upon  our  profession  for  personal  respectability 
and  for  pecuniary  profit.  We  have  a  common  country,  whose  prosperity  or  decline  is  but  the 
measure  of  our  own.  Our  cotemporaries  of  this  enlightened  age,  are  making  giant  strides  in 
every  department  of  agricultural  improvement,  and  we  too  must  bring  to  our  assistance  every 
aid  of  industry,  intelligence,  and  enterprise,  or  sink  ignobly  in  the  rear. 

The  agriculture  of  other  States  has  experienced,  for  many  years,  the  most  genial  impulses 
and  most  effective  aid  from  the  action  of  enlarged  and  powerful  State  organizations,  the  funds 
of  which  are  supplied,  chiefly  or  in  part,  from  the  public  treasuries  of  those  States.  But  in  Ken- 
tucky, the  oldest  Western  State,  the  Farmer  and  Mechanic  have  been  left  to  their  own  indi- 
vidual exertions,  aided,  in  some  cases,  by  small  and  local  associations  ouly.  To  relieve  our- 
selves from  this  disadvantage,  and  to  place  us  on  equal  ground  in  the  field  of  improvement,  ia 
at  present  our  aim. 

For  this  object,  replete  with  personal  advantage  and  with  comprehensive  patriotism,  we  in- 
voke your  aid.  We  ask  your  co  operation  by  your  pen  and  your  tongue,  and  by  your  high 
character  and  extensive  popularity.  Especially  we  invite  and  desire  you  to  meet  with  us,  in 
Frankfort,  on  the  third  Wednesday  in  this  month — being  the  16th — when,  by  our  united  coun- 
sels, we  will  present  to  the  Legislature  the  form  of  a  charter  for  a  State  Society,  which  shall 
dispense  the  bounty  of  the  State  with  blessings  to  all,  and  without  partiality  to  any. 

We  trust  that  nothing  but  the  most  imperious  necessity  will  prevent  your  assembling  with  a 
very  large  number  of  your  Agricultural  Brethren  of  Kentuckv,on  the  occasion  proposed. 

R.  W.  SCOTT,  of  Franklin,  1 

J.  G.  KINNAIRD,  of  Favette, 
GARRETT  DAVIS,  of  Bourbon,        J-  Committee. 
WM.  R.  DUNCAN,  of  Clarke,  | 

R.  A.  ALEXANDER,  of  Woodford,  J 

Pursuant  to  this  call,  a  large  number  of  the  most  prominent  Agriculturalists  of  the  State 
assembled  in  the  Court  House,  in  Frankfort,  at  11  o'clock,  on  Wednesday,  January  16th,  for 
the  purpose  of  organizing  a  State  Agricultural  Society. 


PROCEEDINGS. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Hon.  L.  W.  Powell,  who  nominated  Col.  James  F.  Buck- 
ner,  of  Christian,  as  Chairman,  and  Robert  W.  Scott  and  Philip  Swigert,  Esqs.,  of  Franklin, 
as  Secretaries. 

Mr.  R.  A.  Alexander,  from  a  committee  appointed  for  that  purpose,  reported  a  draft  of  a 
Charter,  which  it  was  proposed  to  ask  the  Legislature  to  enact,  and  which,  after  being  amend- 
ed in  some  particulars,  was  adopted. 

After  the  adoption  of  this  report,  the  meeting  adjourned  to  meet  at  half  past  2  o'clock,  in 
the  Hall  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

AFTERNOON. 

The  meeting  reassembled  at  the  Capitol,  pursuant  to  adjournment. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Robert  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  the  vote  adopting  the  draft  of  a  charter  was 
reconsidered,  and  the  second  section  amended  so  as  to  provide  for  an  immediate  organization, 
and  it  was  then  again  adopted. 

Mr.  Gibson  Mallory,  of  Jefferson,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  a  well  conducted  agricultural  paper  in  Kentucky  is  demanded  by  the  best  in- 
terests of  the  farmers  and  stockbreeders,  and  that  in  our  opinion  such  a  paper  should  and 
would  be  sustained. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  11 

Mr.  Whitaker,  of  Shelby,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  agriculture,  in  its  most  comprehensive  sense,  is  in  the  basis  of  all  individual 
and  national  prosperity,  and  is  eminently  worthy  of  assistance  from  the  treasury  of  the  State. 

This  resolution  was  advocated  by  Messrs.  Whitaker,  of  Shelby,  L.  W.  Andrews,  of  Flem- 
ing, and  R.  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  and  adopted. 

Mr.  William  P.  Hart,  of  Woodford,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  any  legislation  calculated  to  diminish  the  number  of  dogs,  especially  in  the 
more  populous  portions  of  Kentucky,  would  be  pre  eminently  wise  and  salutary,  and  would  be 
cordially  approved  and  sustained  by  the  people. 

This  resolution  was  advocated  by  Messrs.  W.  P.  Hart,  of  Woodford,  Robert  W.  Scott,  of 
Franklin,  and  C.  A.  Preston,  of  Clarke,  and  opposed  by  Mr.  G.  Mallory,  of  Jefferson;  after 
which  it  was  adopted. 

The  meeting  then  adjourned  until  7  o'clock. 

NIGHT  SESSION. 

The  Convention  was  addressed  by  Messrs.  J.  B.  Huston,  Robert  Mallory,  A.  C.  Preston,  J, 
F.  Buckner,  O.  P.  Hogan,  and  W.  D.  Gallagher. 

Mr.  G.  Mallory  offered  the  following  resolutions,  which  were  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  six  be  appointed,  two  for  each  Agricultural  District,  whose 
duty  it  shall  be  to  solicit  aid  and  subscriptions  to  an  Agricultural  paper;  and  that  said  committee 
have  the  power,  under  the  sanction  of  this  Association,  to  give  the  title  to  said  paper,  audio 
designate  the  place  at  which  it  shall  be  printed. 

Resolved,  That  this  Association  pledge  its  aid  and  active  co  operation  in  this  enterprise. 

Committee — R.  W.  Scott,  0.  P.  Hagan,  G.  Mallory,  W.  Thompson,  J.  A.  Anderson,  and 
Issac  Lewis. 

Mr.  R.  Mallory  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  each  member  of  the  General  Assembly  who  feels  an  interest  in  the  objects  of 
this  meeting,  be  requested  to  use  his  best  exertions  to  procure  his  constituents  to  become 
members  of  this  Association,  and  to  attend  in  Frankfort,  on  the  21st  day  of  February,  1856,  to 
organize  it  by  the  election  of  the  proper  officers. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Scott  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  meeting  be  tendered  to  Governor  Jos.  A.  Wright,  Presi- 
dent of  Indiana  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  for  his  interest  and  assistance  in  our  enterprise, 
and  for  the  presentation  by  him  of  several  volumes  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Indiana  State 
Board  of  Agriculture. 

Mr.  R.  Mallory  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  seveu  be  appointed,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  prepare  a  con- 
stitution, rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  of  this  Association,  and  report  the  same  at 
its  meeting  on  the  21st  February,  1856. 

Committee— R.  Mallory,  R.  W.  Scott,  J.  B.  Huston,  J.  Preston,  Jr.,  W.  D.  Gallagher,  R.  A. 
Alexander,  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  and  J.  Duncan. 

Dr.  S.  D.  Martin  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That be  a   committee,    whose   duty  it  shall  be  to  present  the  subject  to  the 

Legislature  now  in  session,  and  ask  the  enactment  of  a  law  granting  the  proposed  charter  for 
the  State  Agricultural  Society  of  Kentucky. 

Committee — S.  D.  Martin,  R.  W.  Scott,  A.  G.  Hodges,  R.  J.  Spurr,  J.  Preston,  Jr.,  John  Cun- 
ningham, B.  Gratz,  and  E.  F.  Nuttall. 

Mr.  J.  B.  Huston  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That  the  Legislature  be  requested  to  enact  a  law,  making  it  the  duty  of  the  As- 
sessors for  the  year  1857,  to  ascertain,  and  report  the  number  of  dogs  in  each  county,  and  also 
to  ascertain  and  report  the  number  of  sheep  killed  by  dogs,  wolves  and  wild  cats,  and  their 
value,  during  the  year  preceding. 

Mr.  Gratz  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Convention  are  hereby  tendered  the  President  for  the  man- 
ner in  which  he  has  presided  over  its  deliberations. 

The  Convention  then  adjourned  to  meet  again  the  21st  of  February  following. 


REPORT  OF  THE 


ADJOURNED  MEETING. 

Pursuant  to  the  adjournment  of  the  Convention  of  Agriculturalists  which  assembled  in 
Frankfort  on  the  16th  of  January,  1856,  the  same  body  re  assembled  at  the  Court  House,  on 
the  21st  of  February,  Col.  Buckner,  of  Christian,  again  presiding,  and  Messrs.  R.  W.  Scott 
and  P.  Swigert,  of  Franklin,  again  acting  as  Secretaries. 

Col.  Buckner,  the  President,  remarked  that'this  was  the  day  set  for  the  consideration  of  the 
proposed  charter  in  the  Senate,  and  that  he  could  do  the  cause  more  good  by  being  in  his  seat 
there  than  by  assisting  in  the  deliberations  of  this  Convention.  He  therefore  suggested  that 
some  other  gentleman  take  the  chair. 

Mr.  R.  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  moved  that  the  Convention  adjourn  until  3  o'clock,  suggesting 
that  in  the  meantime  they  would  know  the  action  of  the  Senate. 

Col.  Buckner  suggested  that  the  Senate  might  not  take  conclusive  action  to-day,  and  if  it 
did,  the  same  difficulty  would  remain,  as  the  charter  had  not  yet  passed  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives. 

Mr.  Gratz  suggested  that  the  Convention  had  better  hear  the  report  of  the  committee  to  pre- 
pare by-laws  and  regulations. 

Mr.  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  as  one  of  the  committee,  remarked  that  the  committee  had 
found  that  nearly  all  the  regulations  necessary  were  embraced  in  the  proposed  charter,  and 
that  very  few  additional  rules  would  be  needed.  The  few  the  committee  considered  neces- 
sary, they  were  ready  to  report. 

Mr.  Mallory  withdrew  his  motion  to  adjourn. 

Col.  Buckner  again  suggested  that  some  other  person  take  the  chair. 

Mr.  Cunningham,  of  Bourbon,  suggested  that  the  Chair  designate  a  Chairman  pro  tem. 

The  President  designated  Mr.  R.  Mallory,  who  took  the  chair. 

Mr.  W.  D.  Gallagher,  of  Oldham,  called  for  the  reading  of  the  proceedings  of  the  former 
meeting,  and  they  were  read  by  Mr.  Scott,  Secretary. 

The  reports  from  committees  being  called  for,  Mr.  Scott,  from  the  committee  upon  an  Agri- 
cultural paper,  remarked  that  all  the  committee  had  not  had  an  opportunity  to  consult  together; 
those  who  had  consulted  had  prepared  a  report;  but  he  suggested  that  further  time  be  given 
for  consultation. 

Mr.  W.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  moved  to  give  further  time,  until  seven  o'clock  this  evening. 
Carried. 

Col.  L.  J.  Bradford,  of  Bracken,  made  a  few  remarks  in  regard  to  the  prospects  of  the  en- 
actment of  the  proposed  charter  by  the  Legislature.  Col.  B.  thought  the  charter  would  pass 
with  a  liberal  appropriation.  Perhaps  they  might  not  get  all  they  asked  for,  but  he  thought 
they  would  get  enough  to  set  the  society  in  successful  operation. 

Mr.  R.  Aitcheson  Alexander,  from  the  committee  on  Rules  and  Regulations,  made  a  report. 

Before  any  definite  action  was  taken  upon  this  report,  the  consideration  of  it  was  suspended 
for  a  few  minutes  to  allow  gentlemen  present  who  were  not  members  of  the  society,  to  become 
such  by  subscribing  their  names,  and  the  following  persons  became  members  at  that  time,  or 
during  the  year,  viz: 


NAMES. 

Alexander,  A.  J. 
Alexander,  R.  A. 
Arnold,  James, 
Allen,  Albert, 
Bradford,  J.  T. 
Bedford,  Ben.  C. 
Burton,  J.  A. 
Brand,  G.  W. 
Buckner,  J.  F. 
Bedford,  H.  M. 
Bibb,  T.  P.  A. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Spring  Station. 

Spring  Station. 

Carlisle. 

Lexington. 

Augusta. 

Paris. 


Hopkinsville. 
Forks  Elkhorn. 
Frankfort. 


NAMES. 

Adams,  T.  J. 
Ardery,  Laf. 
Allen,  Jeff. 
Avery,  H.  S. 
Bramlett,  P. 
Bean,  George  A. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Georgetown. 

Huston,  Clark  co. 

Paris. 

Spring  Station. 

Flat  Rock. 

Mountsterling. 


Brindley,  T.  E  C.  Simpsonville. 

Batterton,  Ben  A.  Jacksonville. 

Batterton,  James,  Millersburg. 

Berry,  Joseph  L.  North  Middletown. 

Bedford,  G.  M.  Paris. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


18 


NAMES. 

POST  OFFICE. 

NAMES. 

POST  OFFICE. 

Bate,  J.  T. 

Barnhill,  John, 

Lagrange. 

Brent,  H.  T.&J.C 

Paris. 

Bacon,  W.  A. 

Paris. 

Bedford,  Edwin  G. 

Paris. 

Bean,  Eli, 

Winchester. 

Bacon,  R.  A. 

Paducah. 

Blanton,  H. 

Frankfort. 

Bradford,  L.  J. 

Augusta. 

Blackwell,  A. 

Winchester. 

Baker,  A. 

Barbour,  P.  B. 

Louisville. 

Blakey,  J.  M. 

Brannin,  John  S. 

Louisville. 

Browder,  Robert, 

Volney. 

Brent,  Thos.  Y. 

Louisville. 

Bate,  G.  B. 

Bell,  William, 

Gwensboro7. 

Buford,  A.  C. 

Versailles. 

Bedford,  A.  V. 

Paris. 

Butler,  Noble, 

Louisville. 

Bedford,  B.  F.,  Jr, 

Paris. 

Bright,  C.  D. 

Versailles. 

Barbour,  P.  S. 

Louisville. 

Bradley,  J.  W.,Jr. 

Georgetown. 

Bruce,  John, 

New  Castle. 

Blackburn,  E.  M. 

Spring  Station. 

Bush,  John  P. 

Winchester. 

Bowman,  A.  H. 

Brodwell,  M.  L. 

Cynthiana. 

Butler,  JR. 

Frankfort. 

Bradburn, Jas.  C 

Flat  Rock. 

Barret,  W.  T. 

Henderson. 

Brown,  Scott, 

Frankfort. 

Brown,  Joseph, 

Bowman,  R.  B. 

Nicholasvill®. 

Benton,  Horace, 

North  Middletown. 

Bedinger   & 

Brent,  Charles  S, 

Paris. 

M'Cormack, 

Maysville, 

Burton,  J.  W. 

Perryville. 

Bruce,  S.  D. 

Lexington, 

Bascom,  Dr.  J.  C. 

Barlow,  Mrs.  E-. 

Cynthiana. 

Browne,  Stephen  C. 

Springfield. 

Bush,  Philip, 

Covington. 

Browne,  Richard  J. 

Springfield 

Burbridge,  0.  H. 

Paris. 

Brown,  Elias  B. 

Blood,  S.  D. 

Lexington. 

Boggs,  Robert  C. 

Athens. 

Bullock,  R.  S. 

Lexington. 

Breckinridge,  R.  J. 

Danville. 

Burfort,  J.  T. 

Danville. 

Crutchfield,  J.  S. 

Goshen. 

Coons,  Thos.  L. 

Lexington. 

Chew.S.  H. 

Current,  Thos.  W. 

Paris. 

Crockett,  W.  D. 

Georgetown. 

Crouch,  Isaac  S. 

Flat  Rock. 

Clarke,  Joseph, 

Frankfort. 

Campbell,  John  R. 

Carlisle. 

Cox,  T.  M. 

Frankfort. 

Cromwell,  H.  F. 

Cynthiana, 

Casseday,  Ben. 

Louisville, 

Collins,  S.  W.-&L. 

Caldwell,  R.  L. 

A.  Collins, 

Millersburg. 

Curry,  W.  T. 

Harrodsburg. 

Curl,  John, 

Paris. 

Campbell,  C.  A. 

Current,  John, 

Ruddell'a  Mills. 

Calhoon,  J.  C. 

Cunningham,  Lewis 

I,  Paris. 

Cunningham,  I.,  Jr. 

Winchester. 

Chiles,  George  L. 

Chilesburg, 

Clay,  Henry,  Jr. 

Paris. 

Crutcher,  J.  H.,  Jr. 

Frankfort. 

Clay,  Samuel,  Jr. 

Paris. 

Cromwell,  John  W. 

Lexington. 

Clay,  F.  P. 

Paris. 

Cohen,  Alfred, 

Danville. 

Colcord,  Wm.  R, 

Paris. 

Chanslor,  R. 

Mayslick. 

Clay,  Samuel  H. 

Paris. 

Craig,  Newton, 

Georgetown, 

Crittenden,  R.  H. 

Frankfort. 

Cooper,  John  H. 

Lexington. 

Cunningham,  John, 

Paris. 

Chiles,  Henry  J. 

Lexington. 

Cunningham,  Jno.  Jr, 

j  Faris. 

Cloud,  J.  C. 

Lexington. 

Cook,  W.  A. 

Harrodsb-urg, 

Craig,  Peter, 

Louisville. 

Churchill,  A.  P. 

Frankfort. 

Clay,  James  B. 

Lexington. 

Castleman,  Lewis, 

Lexington. 

Case,  James  A. 

Hutchinson's. 

Chorn  Samuel, 

Clay,  John  M. 

Lexington. 

Cunningham,  Tho.  L.  Clintonville. 

Craig,  Parker, 

Lexington. 

Clay,  Robert  H. 

Paris. 

Cooper,  Milton, 

Glendale. 

Crutcher,  Thos.  G. 

Shelbyville. 

Cluke,  R.  S. 

North  Middletowa. 

Congleton,  Wm.  H. 

Flat  Rock. 

14 


REPORT  OF  THE 


NAMES. 

Deshe,  Lucius, 
Drane,  J.  H. 
Duncan,  Jeremiah, 
Dudley,  Peter, 
Davis,  Garret, 
Dudley,  A.  W. 
Duncan,  W.  R. 
Davison,  W.  S. 
Davison,  E.  L. 
Davis,  R.  M. 
Duke,  William, 
Dougherty,  Jno.  C. 
Elam,  W.  S. 
Estill,  W.  R. 
English,  R.  B. 
Emery  Brothers, 
Ewalt,  Samuel,  Sr. 
Edwards,  Geo.  W. 
Foree,  E.  D. 
Forman,  Geo.  W. 
Fisher,  Wm.  H. 
Ferguson,  NoahS. 
Fisher,  I.  P. 
Ford,  Albert, 
Funk,  Peter, 
Fairbanks,  E.&F. 
Gratz,  H.  C. 
Garrison,  Saml.  Y. 
Gratz,  M.  B. 
Goslie,  J.  W. 
Gibson,  W.  M. 
Giltner,  Henry, 
Gray,  J.  P. 
Gallagher,  W.  D. 
Garrett  &  Spears, 
Gaines,  T.  J. 
Grimes,  J.  S. 
Giltner,  John, 
Grundy,  Samuel  R. 
Grundy,  Thos.  S. 
Givens,  Richard, 
Haldeman,  W.  N. 
Hawes,  Richard, 
Hodges,  A.  G. 
Hobbs,  E.  D. 
Hawkins,  E.  O. 
Hancock,  G.  W. 
Hughes,  J.  R. 
Hormlv,  J.  A. 
Hart,  W.  P. 
Harper,  Frank, 
Harvie,  J.  3. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Cynthiana. 

Eminence. 

Paris. 

Frankfort. 

Paris. 

Frankfort. 

Winchester, 

Springfield. 

Springfield. 

Harrodsburg. 

Danville. 

Owingsville. 

Henderson. 

Lexington. 

Yeagersville. 

New  York  City. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Williamson,  P.  O. 


Lexington. 

Danville. 

Eminence. 

Jeffersontown. 

St.  Johnsbury,  N.  Y. 

Spring  Station. 

Spring  Station. 

Campbellsburg. 

Lagrange. 

Frankfort. 

Versailles. 

Louisville. 

Paris. 

Clintonville. 

Mooreland's. 

Springfield. 

Fredericksburg. 

Danville. 

Louisville. 

Paris. 

Frankfort. 

Williamson. 

Russellville. 

Louisville. 

Springfield. 


Versailles. 

Midway. 

Frankfort. 


NAMES. 

Daniel,  Traverse, 
Dillard,  R.  T. 
Dale,  B.  H. 
Dawson,  Jefferson, 
Darnaby,  F.  S. 
Downing,  J.  L. 
Dills,  George  K. 
Desha,  Joseph, 
Dolan,  Patrick, 
Desha,  John  R. 
Darnaby,  James  E. 

Everitt,  Isaac, 
Edwards,  Jno.  H. 
Ewalt,  Jo.  H. 
Elrod,  J.C. 
Ethrington,  H. 

Frankenberg,  A. 
Forman,  Samuel, 
Fall,  Miss  Carrie, 
Field,  Thompson  D. 
Fall,  Thomas, 
Foley,  James, 
Faulkner,  J. 
Frazier,  S.  C. 
Griffith,  John, 
Graves,  Joseph, 
Garrett,  Robert, 
Gray,  F.  J. 
Goodrich,  F.  H. 
Garnett,  Thos.  J. 
Galbreath,  Ben. 
Gray,  James, 
Gass,  M.  M. 
Gaines,  Jonas  N. 
Grigsby,  W.  R. 
Gill,  John  L. 
Gano,  S.  F. 
Green,  N.  P. 
Goddard,  W.  W. 
Hall,  James, 
Hill,  John, 
Hedges,  Willis  W. 
Hutchcraft,  R. 
Hill,  John, 
Harvie,  L.  E. 
Holton,  John  A. 
Hughes,  W.  T. 
Howell,  David, 
Humphreys,  Jos.  A. 
Hughes,  Jacob, 


POST  OEFICE. 

Owingsville. 
Lexington. 
New  Castle. 

Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Cynthiana. 
Cynthiana. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 

Louisville. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Lexington. 

Moreland's. 

Columbus,  O. 
Mayslick. 
Frankfort. 
Pekin. 

Lexington. 


Millersburg. 
Lexington. 
Versailles. 
Cynthiana. 
Smithfield. 
Paris. 
Broadwell. 
Broadwell. 
Paris. 

Centreville. 
Danville. 
Columbus,  O. 
Georgetown. 
Frankfort. 
Covington. 
Paris. 

Centreville. 
Paris. 
Paris. 

Frankfort. 

Frankfort. 

Lexington. 

Mountsterling. 

Versailles. 

Pine  Grove. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


15 


NAMES.  POST  OFFICE. 

Humphreys,  S.  P.     Midway. 
Hutchcraft,  James,  Paris. 


Hogan,  0.  P. 
Hedges,  Peter, 
Hoskins,  J.  S. 
Holtzclaw  &  Dick- 

erson, 
Hall,  Joseph. 
Hibler,  S.  M. 
Hibler,  B.  F. 
Howe,  Mrs.  Ben. 
Hedges,  Silas, 
Hedges,  VVm.  G. 
Hite,  Joseph  S. 
Horton,  W.  F.' 
Harp,  David,  Sr. 
Hildreth,  Jno.  K. 


Williamstown. 

Paris. 

Bryantsville. 

Clintonville. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Cynthiana. 

Louisville. 

Flat  Rock, 

Moreland's. 

Paris. 


Hutchison,  Martin,  Hutchison's  P.  0. 

Innes,  Robert,  Lexington. 

Julian,  Alexander,  Frankfort. 

Jones,  D.  W.  Danville. 

Johnson,  John  T.  Carlisle. 

Jamison,  Richard,  Cynthiana. 

Johnson,  J.  B.  Lexington. 
Kennedy, T.  S. 

Keeue,  W.H.  Frankfort. 

Kinslear,  James,  Dry  Ridge. 

Kilgore,  Anthony,  Germantown. 

Kennedy,  W.  M.  Huston. 

Kirkpatrick,  J.  &  G.  Paris. 

Kimbrough,  J.  W.  Cynthiana. 

Kennedy,  E.  M.  Paris. 

Keenon,  A.  C.  Frankfort. 

Kennedy,  J.  Smith,  Hutchison's  P  0. 

Kennedy,  R.  P.  Lexington. 
Klizer,  Mary, 

Lewis,  Cad.  Frankfort. 

Lewis,  George  W.  Frankfort. 

Link,  W.R.  Frankfort. 
Lecompte,  C.  C. 
Lindsay  N.  T. 

Lewis,  John,  Frankfort. 
Lewis,  Wm. 

Low,  Sol.  Moreland's. 

Lemon,  J.  C.  Georgetown. 

Laughlin,  T.  C.  Owingsville. 

Lillard,  Thos.  Danville. 

Lindsay,  R.  H.  Paris. 
Martin,  Dr.  Sam.  D.  Fishback's  P.  O. 

McKee,  James,  Mountsterling. 

Mallory,  Robert,  Lagrange. 

Marshall,  A.  K.  Nicholasville. 


NAMES. 

Hunt,  G.  D. 
Hildreth,  Horace, 
Hildreth,  Jos.  A. 
Howerton,  J.  A. 
Huthcraft,  Thos.  A. 
Hughes,  Mrs.  Mary, 
Henderson,  James, 
Heath,  David  M. 
Heller  &  Young, 
Hynes,  W.  R. 
Henry,  M.  R. 
Hopkins,  Luke, 
Harbison,  J.  V. 
Hudson,  Harry, 
Hedges,  Henry, 
Hand,  Innes  and 
Whitemore, 

Irwin,  W.  S. 
Judy,  David  B. 
Jamison,  James  K. 
Jones,  F.  T. 
Jackson,  J.  A. 
Joyce,  J.  O. 
Kennedy, John  B. 
Kerr,  H. 

Kelly  &  Forman, 
Kellar,  Isaac, 
Kellogg,  H. 
King,  David, 
Kirtley,  Simeon, 
Kimbrough,  M. 
Kennard,  J.  G. 
Kykus,  Benj. 
Kirkpatrick,  J.  A. 

Low,  C.  H. 
Leer,  Henry, 
Landphus,  W.  K. 
Lee,  a.  &  Co. 
Lyle,  Rev.  J.  K. 
Lewis  &  Wilson, 
Lewis,  T.  W. 
Lewis,  H.  C. 
Lindsey,  H.  K. 
Liter,  Joseph, 
Lincoln,  John  K. 

Moore,  J.  H. 
Mason,  P.  B. 
Mason,  J.  C. 
Moore,  J.  A. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Lexington. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Newtown. 

Moreland's. 

Moreland's. 

Danville. 

Cincinnati,  O. 

Bardstown. 

Versailles. 

Eminence. 

Shelbyville. 

Louisville. 

Paris. 

Lexington. 

Mount  Gillead. 

Shelbyville. 

Paris. 

Owingsville. 

Winchester. 

Paris. 

North  Middletown. 
Paris. 
Ruddle's  Mills. 


Cynthiana. 
Lexington. 
Dayton,  0. 
Cynthiana. 

North  Middletown, 

Paris. 

Cincinnati. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Cincinnati. 

Winchester. 

Winchester. 

Covington. 

FlemiDgsburg. 


Winchester. 


Louisville. 


16 


REPORT  OF  THE 


NAMES.  POST  OFFICE. 

Murphy,  F.  G. 
Miles,  E.  L. 

Marshal],  C.  A.         Washington. 
Marsh,  Thos.  K.       Paris. 
Marsh,  B.  B.  Paris. 

Matson,  J.  S.  Paris. 

Macey,  L.  W.  Frankfort. 

Miller,  Robert  N.  Louisville. 
Miller,  Wingate  & 

Co.  Louisville. 

Montgomery,  B.  E.  Springfield. 
Miller,  G.  C.  &  Co.  Cincinnati. 
McClintock,  Millersburg. 

Morris,  John,  Millersburg. 

Metcalfe,  William,  Carlisle. 
Morgan,  W.  H.  Carlisle. 
McMillen,  J  F  Carlisle. 

Miller,  Washington,  Winchester. 
McMillan,  Robt.        North  Middletown. 


Miller,  James  M. 
Mayo  &  Hopkins,. 
Neff,  Michael, 
Nelson,  W.  H. 
Nichols,  William, 
Nutter,  Robert, 
O'Bannon,  J.  B.. 
Offutt,  H. 
Offutt,  A.  D. 
Oxley,  L. 
Osborn,  W.M.  A. 
Peter,  Arthur, 
Preston,  C.  A. 
Proctor,  D.  C. 
Pennington,  A. 
Powell,  C.  H. 
Powell,  Cuthbert, 
Parker,  Preston, 
Pruden,  M. 
Penn,  David, 
Peck,  F.  E. 
Parish,  Jonathan, 


Millersburg. 
Covington. 
Clintouville. 
Mountsterling. 
Millersburg. 
Lexington. 
O'Bannon'sP.  0. 

Georgetown. 

Cynthiana. 

Paris. 

Louisville. 

Winchester. 

Frankfort. 

Louisville. 

Henderson. 

Henderson. 

Moreland's. 

Lexington. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Carlisle. 


Pritchett,  James  W.  Moreland's. 
Paten,  Alex.  Ruddle's  Mills. 


Rennick,  Abram, 
Rennick,  James, 
Roberts,  J.  T. 
Rogers,  W.  B. 
Rogers,  C.  C. 
Ritchart,  R.  E. 
Rice,  John  M. 
Rice,  H.  W. 
Reed,  J.  P. 


Clintonville. 

Clintonville. 

Frankfort. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Flat  Rock. 

North  Middletown 

North  Middletown 

Danville. 


NAMES. 

Melendy,  P.  &  L. 
McClelland,  N.  S. 
McGill,  L. 
Moore,  Mrs.  Abrm. 
McClintock,  Alex. 
Miller,  Robert  E. 
Martin,  David, 
Massie,  W.  W. 
Martin,  Isaac  T. 
McKim,  J.  &  Co. 
Miller,  James, 
Miller,  James, 
Males,  Samuel, 
Montague,  James, 
Morgan,  Alex. 
McClelland,  J.  T. 
Miller,  G.  C.  &  Co. 
Miller,  Jno.  A. 
Marr,  T.  F. 
Martain,  Saml.  T. 

Nutter,  C.  C. 
Nunn,  Wm. 
Nicholas,  M. 
Nichols,  Henry, 
O'Brian,  John, 
Owen,  Lane  &  Dyer 
Owen,  D.  D. 
Oldham,  Ed. 
Osman,  Jno. 
Phipps,  W.  R. 
Pryor,  Saml. 
Pollock,  Dr.  A.  H. 
Piper,  Wm. 
Patterson,  Jos.  M. 
Perrin,  G.  H. 
Pitts,  John  A. 
Pendry,  Goodloe, 
Porter,  A.  C. 
Price,  James, 
Pullum,Mrs.  W.  A. 
Parker,  M.  H. 
Proctor,  G.  M. 
Ranson,  Geo, 
Roseberry,  Hugh, 
Rankin,  John, 
Rodgers,  Joseph, 
Richardson,  James, 
Rymal,  Geo. 
Redmon,  Hope, 
Redmon,  John  T. 
Redmon,  W.  T. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Mount  Heathy,  0. 

Lexington. 

Paris. 

Millersburg. 

Cythiana. 

Millersburg. 

Paris. 

Cynthiana. 

Portland. 

Stanford. 

Cynthiana. 

Cincinnati. 

Lexington. 

Lexington. 

Levington. 

Cincinnati. 

Millersburg. 

Georgetown. 

Kiddville. 

Lexington. 
Millersburg. 
Lexington. 
Cynthiana. 
Louisville. 
,  Hamilton,  0. 
New  Harmony,  Ind. 
Lexington. 

Lexington. 
Paris. 

Germantown. 
Millersburg. 
Lain's  Station. 

Springfield,  0. 

Cincinnati. 

Paris. 

Winchester. 

Lexington. 

Lexington. 

Danville. 

Walton. 

Flat  Rock. 

Blue  Licks. 

Great  Crossings. 

Lancaster. 

Jacksonville. 

Cynthiana. 

Ruddle's  Mills. 

Paris. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


IT 


NAMES. 

Redmon,  Solomon, 
Rodes,  Waller, 
Reed,  L.  G. 
Redmon,  G.  L. 
Rogers,  W.S. 
Rogers,  M.  H. 
Ray,  L.  G. 
Rowe,  James, 
Richards,  A.  K. 
Skilltnan,  C.  J. 
Scofield,  S.  B. 
Swigert,  Philip, 
Sharp,  John  M. 
Steele,  R.  C. 
Smith,  Isaac,  Jr. 
Sudduth,  T.  G. 
Spurr,  R.  J. 
Steele,  Thomas, 
Steele,  Theophilus, 
Scarce,  Samuel, 
Smart,  H. 
Short,  Wm. 
Sutcliffe,  J.  N. 
Steele,  W.  J, 
Shawhan,  Daniel, 
Scott  &  Hedges, 
Spalding,  Joseph, 
Sharp,  Sol.  L. 
Skillman,  J.  H. 
Skinner,  W.&G.M 
Taylor,  W.  W. 
Thompson,  H. 
Terry,  Joseph, 
Todd,  Wm.M 
Thomas,  Morris, 
Terrell,  J.  H. 
Talbott,  C.  P. 
Talbott,  S.  D. 
Thurston,  B.  J. 
Talbott,  W.  G. 
Tarlton,  L.  P. 
Towles,  J.  J. 
Talbott,  0.  V. 
Talbott,  Daniel, 
Tanner,  Wm. 
Taylor  &  Embry, 
Taylor,  Joseph  D. 
Talbott,  H.  H. 
Tevebaugh,  Jesse, 
Tarkington,  W.  L. 
Talbott,  P.  M. 
Vanmeter,  J.  C. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Paris. 
Lexington. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Springfield. 

Paris. 

State  of  Florida. 

Georgetown. 

Bryan  tsville. 

Frankfort. 

Frankfort. 

Bowlinggreen. 

Frankfort. 


Lexington. 
Frankfort. 
Versailles. 
Versailles. 

Dorsey. 

Ruddel's  Mills 
Cincinnati. 

Fredericksburg. 
Flat  Rock. 
Moreland's. 
Frankfort. 
Winchester. 

Frankfort. 

Shelbyville. 

Paducah. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Lexington. 

Henderson. 

Paris. 

North  Middletown. 

Moreland's. 

Colerain,  0. 

Clintonville. 

Millersburg. 

Clintonville. 

Danville. 

Danville. 

Lexington. 


NAMES. 

Raker,  Jacob, 

Redmon,  Wash. 

Rawson  &Bedinger 

Reese,  G.  L.  &  Co. 

Railey,  Boone, 

Radford,  Jno.  R. 

Raymond,  Robin- 
son &  Co. 

Reneker,  Jacob, 

Smith,  Enoch  R. 

Smith,  Geo.  W. 

Seamands,  P.  J. 

Sparks,  John  W. 

Smith,  Daniel, 

Sudduth,  S.  G. 

Sharrard,  Mrs.  E.  L 

Stipp,  James, 

Shackelford,  J.  C. 
&  Co. 

Sweeney,  T.  &  Son 

Shackelford,  T.  O. 

Smith,  Thaddeus, 

Spears,  Noah, 

Smith,  Isaac, 

Syarr,  A.  G. 

Strode,  Mrs.  Mary, 

Sphon,  John,. 

Spears,  Emily, 

Shelby,  Thomas, 

Taylor,  Roberi  S. 
Talbott,  Lunsford, 
Thompson,  John, 
Talbott,  James  W. 
Talbott,  Gustavus, 
Talbutt,  Charles, 
Turtory  &  Evelett, 
Thompson,  Jas.  K. 
Todd,  James  M. 
Thompson,  H.  0. 
Thomas,  James  S. 
Talbott,  Daniel  S. 
Troutman,  John, 
Talbott,C.D.&S.H. 
Talbott,  S.  D, 
Taylor,  E.  W. 
Thorne,  John, 
Todhunter,  P.  E. 
Todhunter,  Jno.  L. 
Taylor,  F. 
Thompson,  Jas.  A. 
Vanmeter,  B.  F. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Winchester. 
Paris. 

Augusta. 

Versailles. 

Consolation. 

Cincinnati. 
Cynthiana. 
Centreville. 
Lexington. 
North  Middletown. 
Paris. 

Winchester. 
Winchester. 
.  Louisville. 
Clintonville. 

Cincinnati. 
,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 
Shelbyville. 
Midway. 
Georgetown. 
Winchester. 
Richmond,  la. 
Winchester. 

Paris. 
Lexington. 

Fishback's  P.  0. 
North  Middletown. 
Millersburg. 
Paris. 

Stedmansville. 
Paris. 
Cynthiana. 
Lexington. 
Eminence. 
North  Middletown. 
North  Middletown, 
Ruddel's  Mills. 
Moreland's. 
North  Middletown. 
Paris. 
Midway. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 


Lexington. 


18 


REPORT  OF  THE 


NAMES. 

Vance,  Morgan, 
Winn,  P.  B. 
Weaver,  A.  H. 
Warfield,  Wm. 
Warfield,  Ben.  Jr. 
Williams,  Geo.  W. 
Wood,  J.  H. 
Ward,  Zeb. 
Walker,  W.  H. 
Wheat,  Wash. 
Westbrook,  John, 
Ware,  James  T. 
Wakefield,  John  H. 
Wright,  Isaac, 
Williams,  John, 
Wilmot,  W.H. 
Young,  Lawrence, 


POST  OFFICE. 

Harrodsburg. 


Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Paris. 

Frankfort. 

Louisville. 

Paris. 

Paris. 

Centreville. 

Paris. 
Cynthiana. 
Moreland's. 
Louisville. 


NAMES. 

Veal,  Dora, 
Wornall.J.  R. 
Whaley,  Lee, 
Wright,  Wm. 
Warfield,  Dr.  E. 
Werts,  John  H. 
Webster,  Wyatt, 
Williams,  D.  R. 
Wheat,  Wm. 
Walton,  Lucy  M. 
Warder,  Brokaw  and 

Child, 
White,  Geo. 
Wilson,  David, 
Watson,  Dr.  E.  H. 
Waley,  C.  W. 
Zwick,  Madame  S. 


POST  OFFICE. 

Athens. 
Winchester. 
Millerssburg. 
Paris. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Lexington. 
Covington. 
Paris. 
Maysville. 

Springfield,  0. 

Paris. 

Cincinnati. 

Frankfort. 

Lexington. 

Cincinnati,  0. 


The  consideration  of  the  report  was  resumed,  and  being  amended  in  some  particulars,  was 
adopted,  as  follows : 

1.  The  officers  of  the  Society,  in  addition  to  those  mentioned  in  the  charter,  shall  be  a 
Treasurer,  a  Corresponding  Secretary,  and  a  Recording  Secretary,  all  of  whom  shall  be  ap- 
pointed by  the  President  and  Directors,  who  shall  fix  their  compensation. 

2.  At  all  meetings  of  the  members  or  officers  of  the  Society,  the  President  shall  exer- 
cise the  duties  usually  belonging  to  that  officer,  and  in  case  of  the  absence  of  the  President,  the 
senior  Vice  President  present  shall  take  the  chair;  or  in  their  absence,  a  President  pro  tern,  may 
be  elected. 

3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Treasurer  to  receive  all  funds  due  to  the  Society;  pay  orders 
when  duly  authenticated  by  the  signature  of  the  President,  and  countersigned  by  the  Secreta- 
ry; keep  in  a  proper  form,  in  a  book  provided  for  that  purpose,  a  true  account  of  all  moneys 
received  and  paid  out,  and  make  an  exhibit  of  the  financial  condition  of  the  Society  at  the  regu- 
lar annual  meetings,  or  when  required,  and  should  a  successor  be  appointed,  it  shall  be  his 
duty  to  hand  over  to  him  all  moneys,  books,  and  other  effects  belonging  to  the  Society. 

4.  The  Corresponding  Secretary  shall  carry  on  the  correspondence  with  the  various  local 
and  other  Agricultural  Associations,  and  with  individuals,  in  the  furtherance  of  the  objects  of 
the  Society,  and  the  officers  of  the  County  Societies  of  the  State  shall  be  requested  to  furnish 
such  information  as  to  their  transactions  as  may  be  proper  to  embody  in  his  report  to  the 
Legislature. 

5.  The  duty  of  the  Recording  Secretary  shall  be  to  attend  all  the  meetings  of  the  Society, 
and  to  keep  a  faithful  record  of  its  proceedings. 

6.  All  persons  desiring  to  enter  stock  or  other  things  for  premiums,  shall  become  members 
of  the  Society,  and  all  stock  or  articles  exhibited  shall  be  entered  by  the  owner. 

7.  Where  stock  is  entered  for  exhibition,  the  exhibitor  shall  be  required  to  place  in  the 
hands  of  the  Secretary  a  statement  of  the  age  and  pedigree,  as  far  as  kuown,  under  cover  of  a 
sealed  envelope;  and  that  the  age  and  class  of  the  animal  shall  be  marked  on  the  outside  of  the 
envelope.     The  envelope  shall  not  be  opened  until  after  the  decision  of  the  Judges. 

8.  The  Judges  shall  be  appointed  by  the  President  and  Directors. 

9.  The  President  and  Directors  shall  offer  premiums  for  prize  essays  on  such  subjects  as 
they  may  think  proper. 

Adjourned  to  3^2  o'clock  P.  M. 

AFTERNOON  SESSION 

The  Convention  was  called  to  order  by  Col.  Buckner,  the  President. 

The  subject  of  the  establishment  of  an  Agricultural  paper  was  postponed  until  the  12th  day 
of  April  next. 

Mr.  R.  Mallory  moved  that  the  Convention  now  proceed  to  the  election  of  the  officers  for  the 
ensuing  year,  which,  after  a  long  and  animated  debate,  was  adopted. 

The  Convention  then  adjourned  to  meet  in  the  Representatives'  Hall  at  7^  o'clock. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  19 

NIGHT  SESSION. 

Mr.  Robert  Mallory,  (at  the  request  of  several  friends)  moved  a  reconsideration  of  the  vote 
by  which  it  was  proposed  to  go  into  the  election  of  the  officers  of  the  Society. 

After  an  animated  debate,  in  which  Mr.  Rogers,  of  Warren,  Mr.  Hogan,  of  Grant,  Mr.  Hus- 
ton, of  Clarke,  Mr.  Anderson,  of  Henderson,  Mr.  G.  Mallory,  of  Jefferson,  Mr.  Apperson,  of 
Montgomery,  Mr.  Magoffin,  of  Mercer,  Mr.  Preston,  of  Clarke,  Mr.  Cochran,  of  Spencer,  par- 
ticipated, the  vote  was  reconsidered. 

Mr.  Spurr,  of  Fayette,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That  the  citizens  of  all  the  different  counties  of  this  State  be  requested  to  hold 
conventions  in  their  counties,  and  send  up  to  the  Mate  Convention  as  large  a  dele°aiion  as 
practicable  on  the  day  that  may  be  fixed  in  the  charter. 

Mr.  Magoffin,  of  Mercer,  offered  the  following  resolutions,  which  were  adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  of  the  utmost  importance  to  the  people  of  this  State,  that  the  House  of 
Representatives,  now  in  session,  will  take  up,  without  delay,  the  bill  that  has  this  day  passed 
the  Senate  to  organize  the  State  Agricultural  Society  of  Kentucky;  and  we  of  this  Convention 
hereby  request  our  Representatives  to  use  their  influence  to  bring  about  the  result  contemplated 
in  said  Senate  bill. 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  three  be  appointed  to  correspond  with  agriculturalists  and 
others  of  other  States,  to  elicit  information   iu  regard  to  the  interests  of  this  association. 

Committee — Magoffin,  P.  Swigert,  and  Scott. 

Mr.  Preston,  of  Clarke,  offered  the  following,  which  was  adopted,  viz: 

Whereas,  The  objects  of  this  society  are  the  promotion  of  Agriculture  in  its  most  compre- 
hensive sense,  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  State,  and  as  directly  or  indirectly 
connected  therewith  the  developement  of  the  mineral  resources  of  the  State  aud  the  encour- 
agement of  the  mechanical  Arts:     Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  it  is  just  and  right  that  there  should  be  a  due  representation  in  the  Board  of 
all  the  above  interests,  to  wit:  The  cattle,  horse,  mule  and  jack,  tobocco,  hemp,  mineral,  and 
mechanical. 

Mr.  Young,  of  Jefferson,  offered  the  following,  which  was  adopted,  viz: 

Whereas,  It  has  been  found  impossible  in  practice,  to  draw  together,  at  agricultural  fairs, 
such  a  concourse  of  visitors  as  will  enable  managers,  by  the  exaction  of  reasonable  entrance 
fees,  to  realize  such  a  fund  as  would  enable  them  in  any  degree  to  encourage  objects  of  indus- 
try and  labor,  which  are  not  in  themselves  showy  and  attractive,  without  giving  too  prominent 
a  position  in  every  tariff  of  premiums  to  certain  classes  of  domestic  animals.  For  remedy 
thereof, 

Resolved,  That  a  reasonable  part  of  any  fund  placed  by  the  State  at  the  disposal  of  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society,  shall  be  so  disbursed  as  to  encourage  persons  to  undertake 
and  carry  out  useful  experiments  in  agriculture,  and  to  write  and  publish  essays  on  proper  sub- 
jects. 

Resolved,  That  any  portion  of  said  appropriation  which  the  Board  of  Directors  mav  think  it 
their  duty  to  add  to  the  premium  fund  received  from  other  sources,  shall  be  so  applied  as  to 
extend  to  the  farmer,  planter,  grazier,  manufacturer,  and  mechanic,  a  degree  of  encourage- 
ment proportionate  to  their  respective  interests,  as  elements  of  State  prosperity. 

On  motion — 

Resolved,  That  this  Convention  do  now  adjourn,  to  meet  again  on  the  21st  day  of  May  next, 
in  the  city  of  Frankfort.  J.  F.  BUCKNER,  President. 

R.  W.  Scott,  P.  Swigert,  Secretaries. 

Among  the  members  of  the  Legislature,  in  both  branches,  it  is  a  pleasure  to  say,  were  many 
gentlemen  whose  feelings  were  warmly  enlisted  in  the  formation  of  the  proposed  State  A«ri- 
cultual  Society.  To  them  the  agricultural  and  mechanical  interest  of  Kentucky  will  ever  owe 
a  debt  of  gratitude  for  their  prolonged  and  persevering  exertions  in  the  passage  of  the  act  of 
incorporation.  But  few,  if  any  members,  were  decidedly  opposed  to  its  passage.  Some  doubt- 
ed its  policy,  and  some  could  not  see  its  utility.  An  annual  appropriation  of  $10,000,  from  the 
public  Treasury,  in  aid  of  the  objects  of  the  organization,  had  been  requested  in  a  memorial 
to  the  Assembly,  and  not  a  few  members  were  willing  to  vote  this  amount  "off  handed,"  and 
talk  the  matter  over  with  their  constituents  afterwards.  It  was  considered  prudent  by  a  ma- 
jority, however,  to  begin  with  a  smaller  figure,  and  enlarge  from  session  to  session  as  the  so- 
ciety should  develop  it3  capability  for  usefulness  and  prove  to  the  people  of  the  commonwealth 


20  REPORT  OF  THE 

that  it  was  really  and  earnestly  promoting  their  productive  interests,  and  with  these  their  so- 
cial progress.  In  its  wisdom,  therefore,  the  Legislature  appropriated  $10,000,  to  be  expended 
in  furthering  the  purposes  of  the  society  within  the  next  two  years. 

We  append  the  charter,  as  it  was  fiually  passed  and  approved  by  the  Governor. 

CHARTER. 

An  act  to  incorporate  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  and  to  give  encouragement  to  all  the 
arts  and  sciences  connected  therewith. 

Whereas,  Great  improvement  in  the  arts  of  agriculture  has  uniformly  followed  the  estab- 
lishment of  agricultural  societies  throughout  the  various  States  of  the  Union:  and,  whereas, 
Kentucky  has  long  felt  the  want  of  some  institution  which  shall  encourage  the  arts,  and 
diffuse  information  on  the  various  subjects  therewith  connected  throughout  every  section  of 
the  State:     Therefore, 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Kentucky: 

Sec.  1.  That  an  agricultural  society  is  hereby  established,  to  be  called  the  Kentucky  State 
Agricultural  Society;  the  members  and  subscribers  thereof,  and  their  successors,  are  hereby 
created  a  body  politic  and  corporate,  and  by  the  name  and  style  aforesaid,  shall  have  all  the 
right  and  privilege  of  a  natural  person  in  suing  and  being  sued,  answering  and  defending,  in 
all  courts  of  law  and  equity. 

Sec  2.  That  Robert  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin,  Robert  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  Robert  Aitcheson 
Alexander,  of  Woodford,  L.  J.  Bradford,  of  Bracken,  Dr.  S.  D.  Martin,  of  Clarke,  A.  J.  An- 
derson, of  Henderson,  G.  E.  H  Gray,  of  Jefferson,  J.L.  O'Neill,  of  Shelby,  Win.  Bell,  of 
Daviess,  and  Dr.  Joshua  H.  Thomas,  of  Breckinridge,  the  names  of  presidents  of  local  socie- 
ties to  be  here  added,  are  hereby  constituted  commissioners  to  receive  subscriptions  and  enroll 
members. 

Sec.  3  That  with  a  view  to  the  organization  of  said  society,  the  State  is  hereby  divided 
into  the  three  following  agricultural  districts:  The  first  to  include  all  the  counties  lying  north 
of  the  Kentucky  river  and  its  JNorth  Fork,  and  in  addition  thereto  the  countiesof  Estill,  Ows- 
ley, Breathitt,  and  Perry;  the  second  to  include  the  counties  lying  between  the  Kentucky  river 
and  Green  river,  up  to  the  mouth  of  Big  Barren,  and  between  the  latter  and  Kentucky  river; 
the  third  to  include  the  counties  of  Henderson,  McLean ,  Butler,  Warren,  and  all  the  counties 
lying  to  the  south  and  south-west  of  Green  and  Big  Barren  rivers.  And  said  society  shall 
hold  its  annual  meetings  for  the  exhibition  of  stock,  agricultural  implements,  manufactures, 
&c,  and  for  the  awarding  of  premiums,  in  each  of  the  said  districts  in  rotation. 

Sec.  4.  That  any  one  may  become  a  member  of  this  society  previous  to  its  organization,  by 
the  payment  to  the  commissioners  above  named,  the  sum  of  three  dollars,  which  shall  be  the 
annual  subscription  giviug  membership,  or  twenty  dollars  entitling  the  subscribers  to  life- 
membership. 

Sec  5.  That  when  two  hundred  members  shall  be  enrolled,  the  commissioners  shall  call  a 
general  meeting  of  the  subscribers,  to  be  held  in  Frankfort  on  the  21st  of  May,  when  and  where 
they  shall  proceed  to  elect  a  president  and  three  vice  presidents — one  from  each  of  the  agri- 
cultural districts  above  named — and  nine  directors — three  of  whom  shall  be  chosen  from  each 
of  said  districts — and  these  officers  shall  serve  for  one  year,  or  till  their  successors  be  chosen. 

Sec  6.  That  the  President  and  Directors  may  adopt  a  seal  and  change  it  at  pleasure,  appoint 
all  agents  and  officers  they  may  deem  proper  for  their  co-operation,  fix  their  remuneration, 
and  take  bond  and  security  forthe  faithful  discharge  of  their  duties,  and  shall  have  the  man- 
agement of  the  property,  funds,  and  prudential  concerns  of  said  society. 

Sec.  7.  That  the  Governor,  Lieutenant  Governor,  and  Secretary  of  State,  and  also  the  presi- 
dents of  all  local  agricultural  societies,  shall  (ex  officio,)  be  members  of  this  society;  and 
that  any  one  may  become  a  member  after  the  organization  of  the  society,  by  paying  to  the 
treasurer  the  sum  of  three  dollars,,  as  annual  subscription,  or  twenty  dollars,  which  shall  con- 
stitute him  a  life-member  of  the  society;  but  the  President  and  Directors  shall  have  the  pow- 
er to  strike  out  from  the  list  of  members  the  name  of  any  person  whose  eondnct  shall,  in  their 
opinion,  forfeit  this  privilege;  and  the  person  whose  name  shall  be  thus  erased  shall  cease  to 
belong  to  this  society. 

Sec.  8.  That  each  member  and  his  family,  shall  have  free  admission  to  the  fair  grounds  of 
the  society;  and  each  member  shall  also  have  the  right  to  exhibit  any  stock,  produce,  imple- 
ments, or  other  articles  for  which  premiums  may  be  offered,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  a  copy  of 
the  published  proceedings,  lists  of  premiums,  prize  essays,  &c.,  which  shall  be  printed  by  the 
society,  free  of  cost. 

Sec  9.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  and  Directors  to  call  a  general  meeting  of 
the  members  of  the  society,  to  be  held  in  Frankfort,  on  the  second  Wednesday  in  January, 
1857,  and  each  successive  year,  for  the  purpose  of  transacting  such  business  as  may  be  brought 
before  them,  and  of  electing  a  president,  three  vice  presidents,  and  nine  directors,  who  shal[ 
manage  the  affairs  of  the  society  till  the  following  annual  meeting;  and  they  may  call  a  spe. 

- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  21 

cial  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  society  at  any  time  and  place  they  may  deem  proper,  four 
weeks  previous  notice  being  given  by  advertising  it  in  one  public  journal  in  each  district. 

Sec.  10.  That  as  soon  after  their  election  as  may  be  convenient,  and  not  later  than  the  first 
Wednesday  in  the  following  June,  the  President  and  Directors  shall  fix  on  a  time  and  place  at 
which  they  will  hold  the  annual  exhibition  for  the  purpose  of  awarding  premiums  for  stock, 
agricultural  produce,  agricultural  implements,  prize  essays,  &c,  and  shall  also,  before  the 
first  Wednesday  in  June,  make  and  publish  a  list  of  said  premiums. 

Sec.  11,  That  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  the  Society  to  carry  out  more  successfully  the  ob- 
jects and  purposes  of  its  organization,  it  is  deemed  advisable  to  make  an  annual  appropriation 
out  of  the  State  Treasury  for  two  years,  and  the  Auditor  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  in 
this  and  each  successive  year  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  on  the  receipt  ot  the  written  order  of 
the  Presidentof  the  society,  and  countersigned  by  the  Secretary,  to  issue  his  warrant  on  the  Treas- 
ury of  the  State,  for  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars,  payable  to  the  Treasurer,  and  the  Treasurer 
of  the  State  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  pay  the  same  out  of  any  moneys  in  said 
Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  which  shall  go  into  the  common  fund  of  said  Society,  to 
be  expended,  togetherwith  its  other  means,  as  it  shall  deem  proper,  in  accomplishing  the  object 
of  this  institution  as  herein  set  forth  :  Provided,  That  each  division  of  the  State  shall  be  en- 
titled to  its  equal  proportion  of  such  publications  as  may  be  made  by  this  Society  lor  general 
distribution. 

Sec  12.  That  the  President  and  Directors,  any  five  of  whom  shall  form  a  quorum  for  the 
transaction  of  business,  may,  from  time  to  time,  make  such  by  laws,  rules,  and  regulations  for 
their  own  government,  and  for  the  management  of  the  affairs  of  the  Society,  as  they  may  deem 
expedient,  not  contrary  to  the  provisions  of  this  charter,  or  the  by  laws  or  regulations  which 
the  members  may  from  time  to  time  prescribe  at  their  annual  meetings. 

Sec.  13.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  President  and  Directors  to  make  a  report  of  the 
proceedings  and  condition  of  the  Society  at  each  annual  meeting  of  its  members  held  as  above 
stated,  and  also  a  report  to  the  Legislature  at  its  biennial  session,  setting  forth  in  full  the 
manner  in  which  its  means  have  been  employed,  and  the  state  of  its  finances. 

Sec.  14  That  in  case  of  the  death,  resignation,  or  refusal  to  act  of  any  officer,  the  board 
of  officers  shall  have  power  to  fill  such  vacancy,  at  a  meeting  only  called  for  that  purpose, 
who  shall  act  until  the  next  annual  election. 

Sec.  15.  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  its  passage. 

In  the  meantime,  an  Agricultural  paper  had  been  started  in  Louis- 
ville, the  editor  of  which  made  the  following  sensible  remarks  : 

Such  have  been  the  conventions,  proceedings  and  legislation,  preliminary  to  the  meeting  and 
the  business  of  to-day.  In  pursuance  of  the  recommendation  of  the  Legislature,  and  accord- 
ing to  the  terms  of  the  adjournment  of  the  meeting  of  the  21st  of  February,  the  members  of 
the  State  Agricultural  Society,  and  other  friends  of  Agriculture  intending  to  become  such, 
will  convene  at  Frankfort  this  day,  for  the  purpose  of  accepting  the  charter,  and  of  completing 
the  organization  by  the  election  of  officers,  and  of  other  preliminary  business. 

Although  Kentucky  is  the  oldest  of  the  Western  and  Southwestern  States,  and  although  the 
greatest  of  all  her  interests  confessedly  rests  upon  the  soil,  yet  it  is  notorious  that  the  most  im- 
portant of  the  means  which  in  other  States  have  been  resorted  to  as  aids  to  Agriculture,  have 
been  neglected  in  this,  or  but  partially  used.  This  deficiency,  the  State  Society  will  endeavor 
now  to  supply,  by  establishing  central  machinery  through  which  the  agricultural  interest  may 
at  all  times  make  itself  felt — by  inducing  county  and  district  societies  to  become  auxiliary  to* 
it — by  establishing  a  rotary  system  of  General  Fairs  throughout  the  Commonwealth,  and  pre- 
senting such  premium  lists  as  shall  have  a  tendency  to  induce  universal  competition — by  offer- 
ing prizes  for  essays  on  agriculture,  in  its  several  departments  of  fruit  growing,  field  cropping, 
stock  raising,  &,c. — by  causing  reports  to  be  made  and  published  on  the  condition  of  agricul- 
ture in  the  different  sections  of  the  State — by  collecting  and  disseminating  accounts  of  experi- 
ments made  in  manures,  in  peculiar  culture,  in  particular  crops — and,  perhaps  as  important  as 
any  other  feature,  by  establishing,  or  assisting  to  establish,  an  efficient  Agricultural  Journal, 
to  aid  in  promoting  all  these  important  objects. 

The  interest  and  importance  of  these  objects  no  sensible  person  can  deny;  and  the  best 
method  of  setting  them  forth,  and  giving  them  practical  life  and  value,  we  have  no  doubt  is  by 
means  of  such  a  State  Agricultural  Society  as  that  whose  organization  is  this  day  to  be  com- 
pleted. County  and  district  societies  can  do  the  same  thing,  in  a  limited  way,  through  their 
local  machinery,  with  the  funds  raised  by  life  and  annual  memberships;  but  to  interest  and 
benefit  all  parts  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  to  enlist  every  class  of  our  agricultural  population 


22  REPORT  OF  THE 

in  efforts  to  improve  the  state  of  productive  industry  among  us;  to  lessen  the  amount  of  labor, 
and  increase  the  sum  of  its  products,  improving  quality  at  the  same  time  that  quantity  is  in- 
creased, the  enlarged  machinery  of  a  State  Society  is  requisite,  with  liberal  aid,  at  least  for  a 
few  years,  from  the  public  treasury. 

Such  machinery  is  now  about  to  be  supplied.  It  is  of  the  highest  importance  that  it  be  set 
properly  in  motion  at  the  outset.  An  enlightened  constitution  is  wanted,  with  a  comprehen- 
sive and  judicious  set  of  by-laws.  A  good  Board  of  Directors,  embracing  a  President  and  Sec- 
retaries brought  up  upon  the  soil,  having  a  practical  knowledge  of  the  business  of  a  farm,  and 
at  least  a  general  acquaintance  with  the  operations  of  Agricultural  Associations,  is  absolutely 
necessary.  Of  the  first  importance,  also,  is  the  appointment  of  a  standing  committee,  com- 
posed of  intelligent,  thorough  going,  experienced  men,  on  premium  lists;  and  of  by  no  means 
secondary  interest,  is  the  constitution  of  a  smallcomrnittee,  upon  which  should  be  placed  no 
person  who  doe3  not  combine  good  scholastic  attainments  with  a  practical  knowledge  of  farm- 
ing and  some  acquaintance  with  agricultural  chemistry,  to  examine  and  decide  upon  such  ad- 
dresses, essays,  or  other  papers  of  an  appropriate  nature,  as  may  be  presented  in  competition 
for  prizes  offered  by  the  Society. 

In  the  election  of  officers,  and  the  appointment  of  committees,  no  spirit  of  centralism,  or 
eztremicism,  should  for  a  moment  be  permitted  to  intrude  into  the  Convention  which  assembles 
this  day.  The  State  being  divided  into  three  general  sections,  by  geographical  lines  named  in 
the  charter,  it  would  seem  to  be  advisable  that  the  President  and  Corresponding  Secretary 
should  be  taken  from  the  middle  district;  but  with  these  two  exceptions,  there  should  be  no 
test  other  than  fitness  and  willingness — in  other  words,  qualifications  for  the  office  to  be  filled, 
and  a  disposition  to  labor  in  them,  at  least  for  a  few  years,  till  all  parts  of  the  machinery  shall 
be  in  operation,  even  at  the  sacrifice  of  some  means  and  considerable  ease. 

That  the  right  men  for  this  work  exist  in  Kentucky,  in  sufficient  numbers,  there  of  course 
can  be  no  doubt.  The  only  difficulty  is  to  find  them,  and  to  enlist  their  time  and  energies  in  this 
great  public  enterprise.  That  the  search  after  them  may  not  be  in  vain,  and  that  the  State 
Agricultural  Society  may  be  organized  throughout  upon  a  basis  of  entire  liberality  and  thorough 
efficiency,  let  us  hope  that  each  of  the  three  sections  named  in  the  charter,  if  not  every  county 
of  the  Commonwealth,  maybe  largely  represented  in  the  Convention  to  day. 

This  day,  we  are  satisfied,  Kentucky  will  hereafter  have  cause  to  be  proud  of — and  hence 
we  are  the  more  anxious  that  as  many  of  its  Sons  of  Soil  as  possible  shall  meet  together  and 
participate  in  its  work. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  23 


ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


Tuesday,  the  21st  of  May,  1856,  being  the  day  designated  in  the  act  of  incorporation  for  the 
organization  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  a  large  number  of  gentlemen  from 
the  different  parts  of  the  State  assembled  in  the  Representatives'  Hall  at  10  o'clock,  A.  M. 
when  his  Excellency,  Charles  S.  Morehead,  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  Robert  W.  Scott  was 
appointed  Secretary. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Gallagher,  of  Oldham  county,  the  proceedings  of  the  last  meeting  were 
then  read. 

On  motion  of  Col.  L.  J.  Bradford,  of  Bracken  county,  the  charter  of  the  State  Agricultural 
Society,  enacted  by  the  last  General  Assembly,  was  accepted  and  adopted. 

Captain  R.  Hawes,  of  Bourbon  county,  offered  the  following  resolutions,  which  were 
adopted,  viz: 

That  to  facilitate  the  election  of  the  officers  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society, 

Resolved,  That  the  members  of  the  Society  from  the  three  districts,  provided  for  in  the  char- 
ter of  incorporation,  retire  and  form  three  separate  conferences  for  the  nomination  of  officers, 
and  that  the  members  of  such  of  said  districts  nominate  to  the  meeting  a  suitable  person  for 
Vice  President  and  three  Directors,  residents  in  such  district,  and  report  such  nominations  to 
the  meeting. 

Resolved,  That  the  members  from  the  three  districts  also  report  to  the  meeting  a  suitable 
person  as  President  of  the  Society. 

Resolved,  That  the  voting  forofficers  of  the  Society  be  by  ballot,  if  the  nominations  be  more 
numerous  than  the  offices  to  be  filled. 

On  motion  of  C.  S.  Brent,  of  Bourbon,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  those  persons  only  who  have  paid  their  fee  for  membership  are  entitled  to 
vote  at  this  meeting. 

On  motion,  a  recess  for  half  an  hour  was  then  taken,  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  the  mem- 
bers from  the  different  districts  to  select  suitable  persons  to  fill  the  offices  required  by  the  act 
of  incorporation. 

The  Convention  met  again  after  the  recess,  when  Maj.  Geo.  W.  Williams,  from  the  first  dis- 
trict, reported  that  the  members  from  that  district  recommended  — 

For  President — Brutus  J.  Clay,  of  Bourbon. 

For  Vice  President — Robert  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin. 

For  Directors — L.  J.  Bradford,  of  Bracken;  Lucius  Desha,  of  Harrison;  and  Harrison  Thomp- 
son, of  Clarke. 

Mr.  E.  D.  Hobbs,  from  the  second  district,  reported  that  the  members  from  that  district  re- 
commended— 

For  President— Robert  Mallory,  of  Oldham. 

For  Vice  President— William  Bell,  of  Daviess. 

For  Directors— J.  B.  O'Bannon,  of  Jefferson;  J.  R.  Hughes,  of  Washington;  and  Daniel 
Jones,  of  Boyle. 

Mr.  E.  0.  Hawkins,  from  the  third  district,  reported  that  the  members  from  that  district  re- 
commended— 

For  President — Brutus  J.  Clay,  of  Bourbon. 

For  Vice  President — L.  W.  Powell,  of  Henderson. 

For  Directors— John  M.  Sharp,  of  Warren;  Richard  A.  Bacon,  of  McCracken;  and  E.O. 
Hawkins,  of  Logan. 


24  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  Chair  remarked  that  as  there  was  no  opposition  to  the  Vice  Presidents  and  Directors 
presented  by  the  several  districts,  he  would  take  the  vote  upon  their  nominations  together. 
Whereupon,  the  vote  was  taken  accordingly,  and  they  were  declared  to  be  unanimously  elected. 

Messrs.  Brutus  J.  Clay  and  Robert  Mallory  being  in  nomination  for  President,  the  vote  was 
then  taken  by  ballot,  when  Mr.  Clay  having  received  a  majority  of  the  votes  cast,  was  declared 
duly  elected  President  for  the  ensuing  year. 

The  Chair  appointed  General  Peter  Dudley  and  C.  S.  Brent  to  conduct  the  President  elect  to 
the  chair,  when,  in  a  few  appropriate  remarks,  he  returned  his  thanks  for  the  honor  conferred 
upon  him. 


MEETING  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS. 


Immediately  after  the  organization  of  the  Society,  the  Directors  met 
for  business. 

A  committee  from  the  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society  invited 
the  first  Annual  Fair  of  the  State  Society  to  be  held  there,  and  offered 
the  use  of  their  grounds  and  buildings  for  that  purpose,  without  charge, 
save  that  the  members  of  that  Society  be  allowed  to  attend  the  Fair 
without  the  payment  of  gate  fees. 

After  due  deliberation,  there  appearing  to  be  no  better  invitation 
from  any  other  Society,  the  invitation  of  the  Bourbon  Society  was  ac- 
cepted, and  it  was  ordered  that  the  Fair  should  commence  on  the  30th 
of  September  ensuing,  and  continue  five  days. 

The  following  officers  were  duly  elected  for  the  ensuing  year: 
WILLIAM  W.  MITCHELL,  of  Paris,   Treasurer. 
WILLIAM  C.  LYLE,  of  Paris,  Secretary. 
ROBERT  W.  SCOTT,  of  Franklin,   Corresponding  Secretary. 

The  President  was  directed  to  take  official  bonds  of  the  Treasurer 
and  Secretary,  which  was  afterwards  done  by  him. 

The  Corresponding  Secretary  was  directed  to  subscribe  for  fifty 
copies  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  (a  weekly  Agricultural  paper 
published  in  Louisville,  which  had  tendered  its  columns  as  the  organ 
of  the  Society,)  to  be  offered  by  the  Society  in  future  as  premiums. 

An  Executive  Committee  was  elected,  consisting  of  Messrs.  B.  J. 
Clay,  W.  C.  Lyle,  W.  W.  Mitchell,  C.  T.  Garrard,  and  Samuel  H.  Clay, 
with  full  power  to  make  all  the  necessary  arrangements  for  holding  the 
first  State  Fair. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  2  5 


LIST  OF  PREMIUMS  FOR  THE  FIRST  STATE  FAIR. 


After  several  laborious  sessions  in  the  preparation  of  the  Premium 
List  for  the  Fair,  the  Directors  adjourned  to  meet  again  at  the  house 
of  President  Clay,  on  the  evening  of  the  30th  of  May. 

At  that  meeting,  duly  organized,  the  Hon.  Charles  S.  Morehead, 
Governor  of  Kentucky,  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  Annual  Address  at 
the  Fair;  and  the  following  List  of  Premiums,  names  of  Judges,  and 
Rules  for  the  Fair,  were  made  out,  and  five  thousand  copies  were 
published  and  distributed  according  to  law: 

Premiums  and  Awarding  Committees  of  the  first  Fair,  held  by  the  Kentucky 
State  Agricultural  Society,  on  the  Fair  Grounds  of  the  Bourbon  County 
Agricxdtural  Society,  near  Paris,  Ky.,  beginning  on  Tuesday,  September 
30th,  1856,  and  continued  five  days. 

CLASS  A.— CATTLE. 

BULLS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  first  premium, $30  00 

Four  years  old  arjd  upwards,  second  premium,    -         -         -         -        -         -         -         -25  00 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  third  premium, 20  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  first  premium, 25  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  second  premium, 20  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  third  premium,          -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  first  premium,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  second  premium,       -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  third  premium,           -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  first  premium,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -20  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  second  premium, -  15  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  third  premium,       -         -          - 10  00 

Under  one  year  old,  first  premium,      -         -         -         - 15  00 

Under  one  year  old,  second  premium, 10  00 

Under  one  year  old,  third  premium, 5  00 

COWS  AND  HEIFERS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  first  premium, 30  00 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  second  premium, 25  00 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  third  premium,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  first  premium,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Three  years  old  and  uuder  four,  second  premium,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  third  premium, 15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  first  premium,    -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  second  premium,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  third  premium,           -         -         -         -         -         -  1 0  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  first  premium, 20  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  second  premium, 15  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  third  premium, 10  00 

Under  one  year  old,  first  premium, 15  00 

Under  one  year  old,  second  premium,          -         -         -         -         -         -         .         .  10  00 

Under  one  year  old,  third  premium, 5  00 


26 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges. 
R.  G.  Corwin,  Lebanon,  Ohio. 
L.  G.  Morris,  New  York. 
Solomon  Vanmeter,  Fayette  county. 
Richard  Allen,  Tennessee. 
I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle  county. 


Alternates. 
Morris  Thomas,  Shelby  county. 
Henry  Smoot,  Mason  county. 
Wm.  Warfield,  Favette  county. 
Thomas  Grundy.  Washington  county. 
Isaac  Stone,  Nelson  county. 


HERD. 

Best  Bull  and  five  Cows,  over  two  years  old,  from  any  one  herd, 
Second  best  Bull  and  five  Cows,  over  two  years  old,  from  any  one  herd, 


$50  00 
25  00 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Best  Bull  of  any  age, 
Best  Cow  of  any  age, 

Judges. 
Lewis  Sanders,  Gallatin  county. 
Rufus  Bryant,  Mercer  county. 
Dr.  A.  Watts,  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 
Lewis  F.  Allen,  Buffalo,  N.  Y- 
Alex.  Waddle,  Clarke  county,  Ohio. 


30  00 
30  00 


Alternates. 
Samuel  D.  Martin,  Clarke  county. 
Charles  8.  Brent,  Bourbon  county. 
Harrison  Blanton,  Franklin  county. 
Isaac  Vanmeter,  Fayette  county. 
William  Thompson,  Mercer  county. 


FAT  CATTLE. 


Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upwards, -         - 

Second  best  fat  Bullock,  four  yeirs  old  and  upwards,  -         -         - 

Fat  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  fat  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  spayed  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Fat  Cow  over  four  years  old, -.-.-.- 

Second  best  fat  Cow  over  four  years  old, 


*20  00 

10 

00 

20 

00 

10 

00 

15 

CO 

10 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

15 

00 

10  00 

20  00 

10 

DO 

15  00 

10 

00 

WORK  OXEN. 

Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  ..... 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  under  four  years  old,  ------- 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  under  four  years  old, 

MILCH  COWS. 

Best  Milch  Cow, 20  00 

Second  best  Milch  Cow, 10  00 

Judges.  i  Alternates. 

Josiah  Chenault,  Madison  county.  Samuel  R.  Grundy,  Washington  county. 

Robinson  Florence,  Fayette  county,  Ohio.  William  Garner.  Clarke  county. 

O.  C.  Willmore,  Jessamine  county.  John  Bedford,  Bourbon  county. 

John  W.  Taylor,  East  Bloomfield,  N.  Y.  Thomas  Lillard,  Boyle  county. 

E.  L.  Huffman,  Jefferson  county.-  Benedict  Kirk,  Nelson  county. 


CLASS  B.— SHEEP. 

LONG  WOOL  SHEEP. 

Buck  over  two  years  old, -  $15  00 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old, 10  00 

Buck  under  two  years  old,         - -  10  00 

Second  best  Buck  under  two  years  old,              -         -  5  00 

Ewe  over  two  years  old, 15  00 

Second  best  Ewe  over  two  years  old,         -         -                  - 10  00 

Ewe  under  two  years  old, 10  00 

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old, 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


27 


FAT  SHEEP. 


Five  fat  Sheep, 
Second  best  five  fat  Sheep, 
Judges. 
John  Moore,  Clarice  county. 
Josiah  A.  Ware,  Virginia. 
Jacob  Hite,  Jefferson  county. 


Alternates. 
David  King,  Logan  county. 
Jacob  Hughes,  Fayette  county. 
H.  W.  Rice,  Bourbon  county. 


MIDDLE  WOOL  SHEEP. 
Buck  over  two  years  old,  ..... 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old,        ...'.'. 
Buck  under  two  years  old,         ------ 

Second  best  Buck  under  two  years  old,      -'..-■-- 
Ewe  over  two  years  old,   ------- 

Second  best  Ewe  over  two  years  old,         - 

Ewe  under  two  years  old,  ------ 

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old,      -.---.'• 
Judges. 


Alternates. 


James  Kinnaird,  Fayette  county. 
A.  C,  Barrow,  Ularke  county. 
P.  S.  Barbour,  Jefferson  county. 


15  00 

10  00 


$15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 


John  Hornsby,  Shelby  county. 
M.  M.  Clay,  Bourbon  county. 
Nelson  Prewitt,  Montgomery  county. 


SAXON  OR  MERINO  SHEEP. 


Buck  over  two  years  old,  - 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old, 

Buck  under  two  years  old, 

Second  best  Buck  under  two  years  old, 

Ewe  over  two  years  old,  - 

Second  best  Ewe  over  two  years  old, 

Ewe  under  two  years  old. 

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old, 

Judges. 
Washington  Stone,  Bath  county. 
Will.  T.  Redman,  Harrison  county. 
Charles  D.  Bright,  Woodford  county. 


10  00 
5  00 

10  00 
5  00 

10  00 
5  00 

10  oo 
5  00 


Alternates. 
Washington  Miller,  Clarke  county. 
John  Barker,  Christian  county. 
Milton  Young,  Union  county. 


CLASS  C— HOGS. 
BOARS. 
Boar  over  two  years  old,  ------- 

Second  best  Boar  over  two  years  old,         ...         - 

Boar  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Boar  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 

Second  best  Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 

SOWS. 
Sow  over  two  years  old,   -         -         -         -         -         -         - 

Second  best  Sow  over  two  years  old,  - 

Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two,      -  ... 

Second  best  Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two,  - 

Sow  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  - 

Second  best  Sow  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 

Pair  of  Pigs  under  six  months  old,  ----- 

Second  best  pair  of  Pigs  under  six  months  old, 

FAT  HOGS. 

Five  fat  Hogs, 

Second  best  five  fat  Hogs,         - 


Judges. 
Thomas  Quigley,  Jefferson  county. 
Malcom  Miller.Madison  county. 
Alex.  VV.  Macklin,  Franklin  county. 
John  S.  Barlow,  Barren  county, 
Wm.  Ford,  Edmonson  county. 


Alternates. 
John  H.  Goff,  Clarke  county. 
Johnson  Young,  Bath  county. 
George  Drye,  Casey  county. 
O.  P.  Hogan,  Grant  county. 
Thos.  F.  Terrill,  Ballard  county. 


15 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5  00 

15 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

15 

00 

10  00 

REPORT  OF  THE 


/ 


CLASS  D.— HORSES. 

THOROUGH  BRED  HORSES. 
Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     - 
Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  - 
Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 
Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -         -         -         -         - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         - 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  ...... 

Second  best  btallion,  under  one  year  old,  .... 

Mare,*  four  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,        - 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  - 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  .... 

Secoud  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 


*Aged  Mares  not  required  to  be  breeders. 
Judges. 
James  K.  Duke,  Scott  county. 
John  A.  Tomlinson,  Mercer  county. 
Ralph  Tarlton,  Oldham  county. 
Felix  G   Murphy,  Nelson  county. 
V.  K.  Stevenson,  Nashville,  Tenn. 


Alternates. 
Charles  Merriwether,  Todd  county. 
Willa  Viley,  Fayette  county. 
Gibson  Mallory,  Jefferson  county. 
Horace  Benton,  Bourbon  county. 
Albert  G.  Bacon,  Franklin  county. 


DRAFT  HORSES. 


$25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 


Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  -         - 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    -         - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         ....         - 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,     ---------- 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old, - 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  -         -  

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,       -         -  ..... 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ..-..- 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  .__...... 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Judges.  Alternates. 

A.  Blackwell,  Clarke  county.  James  C.  Calhoon,  McCracken  county 

John  Craig,  Boyle  county.  Harvey  McElroy,  Marion  county. 

Benj.  Osborn,  Scott  county.  Thomas  Salter,  Garrard  county. 

Alexander  Thomas,  Spencer  county.  James  McKee,  Woodford  county. 

John  Cunningham,  Bourbon  county.  Thomas  Hughes,  Fayette  county. 

FINE  HORSES  FOR  ALL  WORK. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,         - $ 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     -         - 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  --------- 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         ------ 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ....--.. 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ------ 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         --------- 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 
5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


29 


Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,       -------- 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -------- 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,    --------- 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,         -  -  

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Judges.  \  Alternates. 

Lawson  B.  Hickman,  Todd  county.  Milton  R.  Rodgers,  Washington  coun 


Thomas  Dalton,  Mason  county. 
Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke  county. 
F.  P.  Kir.caid,  Mercer  county. 
George  Crane,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 


H.  W.  Faris,  Lincoln  county. 
William  Reeves,  Ballard  county. 
Andrew  Fulton,  Ripley,  Ohio. 
Alex.  P.  Churchill,  Franklin  county. 


HARNESS  HORSES. 


Suliion,  four  years  old  aud  upwards, 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     ----- 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ------- 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  aud  under  four,  - 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    -         -  -         -         -         - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ...         - 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,     --------- 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  -.-... 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,    -         - 

Second  best  Mare,  (bur  years  old  and  upwards,  -  ... 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,       - 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -         -         - 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         ....--. 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     ----- 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         .-.-.'- 
Mare,  under  one  year  old,  --------- 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old,  ...<-.. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards,         ------- 

Second  best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     -         -         -         -         - 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ...... 

Second  best  Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         -.-.-- 

Pair  of  Match  Horses,      -  

Second  best  pair  of  Match  Horses,   •  .- 

Pair  of  Match  Mares, 

Second  best  pair  of  Match  Mares,  ........ 

All  animals  over  two  years  old,  will  be  required  to  be  exhibited  in  harness. 


Judges. 
Wm.  H.  Ladd,  Richmond,  Ohio. 
W.  T.  Heironymus,  Franklin  county, 
Benj    H.  Covington,  Warren  county. 
Peter  Melendy,  Hamilton  county,  Ohio. 
Ed.  Crutchfield,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Alternates. 
Henry  Nicholas,  Harrison  county. 
Austin  Dupuy,   Henry  county. 
Wm.  Baldwin,  Mason  county. 
A.  L.  Churchill,  Union  county. 
Hiram  Norton,  Nicholas  county. 


SADDLE  HORSES 
Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 
Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 
Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  - 
Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 
Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    - 
Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 
Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 
Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 
Stallion,  under  one  year  old,     -         -         -         -         - 
Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  yeara  old, 
Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     - 


10  00 

5  00 

25  00 

15  00 

20  00 

10  00 

15  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

10  00 

5  00 

ty. 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
30  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 


$  25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 


30 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,       -         -  •  - 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         ..... 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ------ 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,         ------- 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old,      - 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards. 

Second  best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     - 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         ......  i 

Second  best  Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four. 

Judges.  Alternates 

J.  T.  Bradford,  Bracken  county. 
Roy  Cluke,  Bourbon  county. 
John  P.  Campbell,  Christian  county. 
James  Crowdis,  Marion  county. 
John  H.  Wakefield,  Washington  county. 


$  15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 


James  C.  McFerran,  Warren  county. 
John  S.  Hoskins,  Garrard  county. 
Edmund  L.  Miles,  Nelson  county. 
Christopher  C.  Rogers,  Bourbon  county. 
Dr.  John  Baker,  Shelby  county. 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Stallion  of  any  age, 
Mare  of  any  age,      - 

Judges. 
A.  M.  Rutledge,  Hawksville,  Tenn. 
J.  Warren  Grigsby,  Lincoln  county. 
David  Howell,  Montgomery  county. 
S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby  couuty. 
Wm.  Ragland,  Bath  county. 


Alternates. 
W.  S.  Buford,  Woodford  county. 
Jacob  Embry,  Fayette  county. 
Wm.  Goddard,  Kenton  county. 
James  A.  Beasley,  Garrard  county. 
Henry  Giltuer,  Franklin  county. 


$25  00 
25  00 


CLASS  E.— MULES. 


Horse  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  - 

Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old,         ..'-'-••.. 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  - 

Mare  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,         -'....;.'. 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,     - 

Five  two  year  old  Mules,  ....         - 

Second  best  five  two  year  old  Mules,         - 

Pair  of  broke  Mules,         -         - 

Second  best  pair  of  broke  Mules,      - 

Judges. 
Spencer  Dunn,  Warren  county. 
Wm.  R.  Estill,  Fayette  county. 
Ben.  B.  Groom,  Clarke  county. 
A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson  county. 
Wm.  L.  Sudduth,  Bath  county. 


Alternates. 
N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle  county. 
Dr.  G.  W.  Foreman,  Nelson  county. 
John  Moore,  Clarke  county. 
Warren  B.  Rogers,  Bourbon  county. 
Lewis  Castleman,  Fayette  county. 


i  25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 
5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 
5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


31 


CLASS  F.— ASSES. 
JACKS. 


Jacks,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Jack,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Second  best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  -         - 

Second  best  Jack,  under  one  year  old, 


JENNETS. 


Jennet,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  jennet,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Second  best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -  *      - 

Second  best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,       -  - 

Second  best  Jennet,  under  one  year  old, 

Judges. 
E.  L.  Davidson,  Washington  county. 
Wilson  Jones,  Nelson  county. 
Anthony  Kilgore,  Mason  county. 
Harvey  McElroy,  Marion  county. 
Richard  White,  Madison  county. 


$25 

00 

15 

00 

20 

00 

10 

00 

15 

00 

10  00 

10  00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

$•25 

00 

15 

00 

20 

00 

10 

00 

15 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5  00 

Alternates. 
Mark  R.  Cockerill,  Tennessee. 
Waller  Chenault,  Madison  county. 
Gabriel  Salter,  Garrard  county. 
Wm.  L.  Tarkington,  Woodford  county. 
Logan  Railev,  Woodford  countv. 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Jack,  of  any  age, 
Jennet,  of  any  age, 

Judges. 
James  S.  Hopkins,  Boyle  county. 
Stephen  C.  Brown,  Washington  county. 
Robert  C.  Boggs,  Fayette  county. 
B.  K.  Tully,  Logan  county. 
Chas.  Lindsay,  Clarke  county. 


$25  00 
25  00 


Alternates. 
S.  P.  Kennedy,  Jessamine  county. 
Aquilla  Young,  Montgomery  county. 
Martin  P.   Marshall,  Mason  county. 
Dr.  Conn,  Simpson  county. 
Dr.  White,  Green  county. 


CLASS  G.— POULTRY. 

Turkies,  pair, $2  00 

Ducks,  Muscovy,  pair,                2  00 

Ducks,  Poland,  pair, 2  00 

Ducks,  variety,          --.-.........  5  00 

Geese,  pair, -  2  00 

Chickens,  Shanghai,  pair, 2  00 

Chickens,  Cochin  China,  pair, 2  00 

Chickens,  Dorking,  pair, 2  00 

Chickens,  Brahma  Pootra,  pair,       ----------  2  00 

Chickens,  Game,  pair,               2  00 

Chickens,  variety  all  kinds, 5  00 

Judges. 
Jackson  Daniel,  of  Clarke  county- 
Philip  Swigcit,  of  Franklin  county. 
Thomas  C.  Curry,  of  Mercer  countv. 
Robert  McConnell,  of  McCracken  county. 
John  Redman,  of  Harrison  county. 


32 


REPORT  OF  THE 


CLASS  H.— MECHANICAL. 

CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  &c. 

Close  Carriage,  two  horse, $15  00 

Open  Carriage,  two  horse, 15  00 

Open  Carriage,  one  horse,         -                  -         -         - 10  00 

Buggy, 10  00 

Set  of  Harness,  double,             .......                  -         -         -  10  00 

Set  of  Harness,  single,              ...........  5  00 

Saddle  and  Bridle,             5  00 

Display  of  Harness  for  the  farm, 5  00 

Traveling  Trunk, 5  00 

Judges. 
I.  F.  Stone,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
W.  C.  Mayes,  of  Bowlinggreen,  Kentucky. 
Wm.  S.  Davidson,  Washington  county,  Kentucky. 
James  Turnbull,  of  Clarke  county,  Kentucky. 

Butterfield,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

John  Besore,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Samuel  B.  Thomas,  of  Elizabethtown,  Kentucky. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 

Portable  Steam  Engine  for  farm  use,       -                  $20  00 

Reaping  Machine,             20  00 

Mowing  Machine,              20  00 

Threshing  Machine, 20  00 

Horse  power, 10  00 

Portable  Saw  Mill  for  farm  use,        -         -         - 10  00 

Corn  Crusher, 10  00 

Corn  Sheller, 5  00 

Wheat  Fan, 5  00 

Clover  Seed  Hulling  Machine,                    -     ■ 5  00 

Straw  Cutter, 5  00 

Wagon,  four  horse,            ............  10  00 

Wagon,  two  horse,            -         -         -         -         -         - 5  00 

Horse  Cart,                5  00 

Ox  Cart, 5  00 

Wheelbarrow,           ...                  -         -  2  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  sod, 10  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  stubble, 10  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  sub-soil, 10  00 

Plow,  one  horse, 5  00 

Harrow, 5  00 

Roller,              5  00 

Cultivator, 5  00 

Hay  Rake, 5  00 

Mowing  Cradle, 3  00 

Wheat  Drill, 3  00 

Corn  Planter, -  3  00 

Corn-stalk  Cutter, 3  00 

Hay  or  Hemp  Press, 5  00 

Cattle  Scales,            -         - 5  00 

Garden  Engine,         -         - 5  00 

Mill  lor  grinding  Flour  and  Meal  for  family, 5  00 

Portable  Cider  Press, 5  00 

Apparatus  for  cooking  food  for  stock, 5  00 

Pump,       -                           5  00 

Bee  Hive, 5  00 

Farm  Gate,  plan, 3  00 

Scraper, 2  00 

Ox  Yoke, -        -  2  00 

Best  and  most  numerous  variety  of  Agricultural  Implements,  manufactured  in  Ken- 
tucky, by  the  exhibitor  or  under  his  supervision — material,  workmanship,  utili- 
ty, durability,  and  price  to  be  considered,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Best  set  of  Garden  Tools,  as  above,          -         -         -         - 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  33 

Judges. 
John  Fee,  of  Bracken  county. 
Daniel  Smith,  of  Clarke  county. 
John  Eaker,  of  Graves  county. 
Robert  M.  Davis,  of  Mercer  county. 
Charles  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon  county. 

CABINET,  CARPENTER,  AND  COOPER  WORK. 

Wardrobe, $5  00 

Bedstead, 5  00 

Dressing  Bureau, 5  00 

Sofa, - 5  00 

Chairs,  half  dczen, 5  00 

Set  of  Cottage  Furniture, 5  00 

Work  Table, %  00 

Mantel-piece,                     -  '  "  - 3  00 

Door  Pattern, 2  00 

Set  of  Edge  Tools, 5  08 

Set  of  Pianes,           -         - 5  00 

RofYjcrerator,             5  00 

Meat  Safe,        -                  3  00 

Water  Cooler, 3  00 

Churn,              3  00 

Cream  Freezer, 2  00 

Tight  Barrel  for  liquids  or  meats, 3  00 

Flour  Barrel, 2  00 

Lard  Keg, 2  00 

Butter  Firkin, g  00 

Judges. 
N.  C.  Cook,  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 
John  McMurtry,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky.    . 
John  M.  Stokes,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Lewis  Debard,  of  Mountsterling,  Kentucky. 
Wm.  Shumate,  of  Cynthiana,  Kentucky. 

SILVER  AND  OTHER   WARE,  &c. 

Display  of  Silver  Ware, $10  00 

Display  of  Copper  Ware, 5  00 

Display  of  Tin  Ware, 5  00 

Display  of  Stone  Pottery, 5"  00 

Display  of  Stone  Cutting, 5  00 

Mantel  of  Kentucky  Marble, 10  00 

Specimen  of  Book  Printing, 5  00 

Display  of  Book  Binding, -  5  00 

Display  of  Printing,  Letter,  and  other  papers, -  5  00 

Judges. 
Richard  Hawes,  of  Bourbon  county. 
Lynn  Boyd,  of  McCracken  county. 
J.  R.  Underwood,  of  Warren  county. 
L.  W.  Andrews,  of  Fleming  county. 
A.  J.  James,  of  Pulaski  county. 

IRON  AND  IRON  CASTINGS. 

Bar  Iron, •-        -         -  $5  00 

Hoop  Iron, 5  00' 

Rod  Iron, 5  00 

Keg  of  Nails, 3  00 

Specimen  of  Hollow  Ware, 3  00 

Solid  Casting, 3  00 

Fancy  Casting, 3  00 

Cooking  Range  or  Stove,           -         -                  5  00 

Parlor  Stove, 3  00 

Grate, .         .  3  00 


34 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges. 

Josiah  Jackson,  of  Clarke  county. 
D.  K.  Weis,  of  Ashland,  Kentucky. 
Frank  McClelland,  of  Paducah,  Kentucky. 
A.  L.  Greer,  of  Covington,  Kentucky. 
J.  S.  Lithgow,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

GUNS,  &c. 

$5  00 

Rifle,        '""'""  5  00 

Double-barrel  Shot  Gun, 5  00 

Fishing  'I  ackle, 

Judges. 
Thomas  Barlow,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
Benjamin  Mills,  of  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky. 
Blanton  Duncan,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

HATS,  CAPS,  &c. 

$3  00 

Silk  Hat, 3  00 

Fur  Hat, '  ...  1  00 

Wool  Hat, 1  00 

Straw  or  Chip  Hat, ...  1  00 

Cloth  Cap,        ---         -  ....  2  00 

Fur  Cap,  -  "...---  3  00 

Fancy  Hat, 

Judges. 

Win.  Taylor,  of  Hickman,  Kentucky. 

Richard  Young,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Wm.  M.  Todd,  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 

Samuel  Barclay,  of  Bowlinggreen,  Kentucky. 

F.  S.  Barber,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

Wm.  Dodd,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

LEATHER,  BOOTS,  AND  SHOES. 

,  T       .                                                                                  ....  $2  00 

Side  of  Soal  Leather, .        .  2  00 

Side  of  Upper  Leather, '         "  2  00 

Side  of  Harness  Leather,           -                                                                                           .  2  00 

Side  of  Skirting  Leather, "  2  00 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins, "  2  00 

Half  dozen  Dog  Skins,              -                                                                                  !         .  2  00 

Half  dozen  Hog  Skins,              .         .         -         -                                             *         .         .  2  00 

Half  dozen  Sheep  Skins, _        _  2  00 

Shoes  made  by  a  lady,               ...                                             "         !         .         .  3  00 

Men's  Boots,             "                 .        .  2  00 

Ladies'  Boots,          -                                                                              ....  3  00 

Coarse  Boots,                     -        -                                                               ]         ...  2  00 

Men's  Shoes,             ]         ...  1  00 

Child's  Shoes, "         .         .         -  j  00 

Coarse  Shoes,  -        • 

Judges. — Same  as  above. 


CLASS  I.— DOMESTIC   MANUFACTURES. 

OF  WOOL. 

,     ^  a  ....        $5  00 

Fine  Jeans,  10  yards,  home-made,             ...  .         .           5  00 

Fine  Jeans,  10  yards,  factory-made, 3  00 

Negro  Jeans,  10  yards,  home  made,          ...         -  -390 

Negro  Jeans,  10  yards,  factory-made,        -         -         -  !         .          5  00 

Fulled  Cloth,  10  yards,              -         -                                                      '  .           3  00 

White  Linsey,  10  yards,  home-made,        -  .          3  00 

Colored  Linsey,  10  yards,  home  made, '  3  qq 

Plaid  Linsey,  10  yards,  home-made,          ...  -300 

Plaid  Linsey,  10  yards,  factory-made, 


3 

00 

3  00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

5  00 

1 

uo 

1 

00 

1 

00 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  35 

Flannel,  10  yards,  factory  made,  

Flannel,  10  yards,  home  made, 

Pair  of  Blankets,  home  made, 

Pair  of  Blankets,  factory  made,        - 

Bed  Spread  or  Coverlet,  - 

Carpet,  not  less  than  10  yards,  home-made, 

Rag  Carpet,  not  less  than  10  yards,  home-made,       ....... 

Hearth-rug,  home  made, 

Woolen  Shawl,         ---. -- 

Woolen  Hose,  -- 

Woolen  Half  Hose, 

Woolen  Gloves  or  Mits, 

Judges. 

A.  W.  Dudley,  of  Franklin  county. 
George  M.  Proctor,  of  Barreu  county. 
Jeremiah  South,  of  Breathitt  county- 
Peter  D.  Jeffries,  of  Christian  county. 
Samuel  Messick,  of  Boyle  county. 

OF  COTTON. 

Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  mixed,  10  yards, $3  00 

Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  striped,  10  yards, "...  3  fjO 

Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  white,  10  yards,  3  00 

Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  mixed,  10  yards, 3  00 

Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  striped,  10  yards, 3  00 

Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  white,  10  yards,  -.-.'. 3  00 

Diaper, 3  00 

White  Counterpane, 3  00 

Cotton  Hose,  1  00 

Cotton  Half- Hose, 1  00 

Cotton  Gloves, 1  00 

Judges. 

Sanford  Allen,  of  Bath  county. 

Volney  S.  Stevenson,  of  Nashville,  Tennessee. 

A.  S.  Robinson,  of  Hasrodsburg,  Kentucky. 

A.  W.  Long,  of  Russellville,  Kentucky. 

James  Trabue,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

OF  SILK. 

Sewing  Silk,  three  ounces,  home  made,             $3  00 

Handkerchief, 2  00 

Vesting  or  Dress  Goods, 5  00 

Hose,  home  made, 2  00 

Glove3  or  Mits,        -                 1  00 

Judges. — Same  as  above. 

OF  HEMP  AND   FLAX. 

Linen  Diaper,  10  yards,  home  made,         -         - $5  00 

Flax  Linen,  10  yards,  home-made,  -         - 3  00 

Hemp  Linen,  10  yards,  home  made, 3  00 

Tow  Linen,  10  yards,  home  made,  ....  ....  2  00 

Sewing  Thread,  1  pound,  home-made,  bleached, 2  00 

Sewing  Thread,  1  pound,  home-made,  unbleached, 2  00 

Hemp  Bagging,  50  yards, 5  00 

Hemp  Rope,  \i  stran,  50  pounds,        ---. 5  00 

Hemp  Rope,  6  stran,  50  pounds, 3  00 

Bailing  twiue,  50  pounds, 2  00 

Judges, 

Newton  Craig,  of  Scott  county,  Kentucky. 

James  Todd,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky- 

Wm.  J.  Clarke,  of  Estill  county,  Kentucky. 

Wm.  Bell,  of  LogaD  county,  Kentucky. 

Thomaa  Matthews,  of  Maysville,  Kentucky. 

Thomas  Barbee,  of  Boyle  county,  Kentucky. 


36  REPORT  OF  THE 

NEEDLE  WORK,  &c. 

Silk  Patch  work  Quilt,              $25  00 

Silk  Comfort, 5  00 

Worsted  Patch-work  Quilt, 20  00 

Worsted  Comfort,              -         - 5  00 

Calico  Quilt,  patch  work,          - -         -    .    -  15  00 

White  Quilt,  solid  work,           -                  10  00 

Calico  Comfort,         - 5  00 

Knit  Counterpane,    -------- 5  00 

Suit  of  Clothes  made  by  a  Tailor, -         -  5  00 

Jeans  Coat  made  by  a  Lady,     ...                  .......  3  00 

Vest  made  by  a  Lady, - 2  00 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady, 3  00 

Cotton  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady,       --------  3  00 

Fancy  Bonnet, ...  3  00 

Silk  Embroidery,  best  specimen,       ----------  5  00 

Worsted  Embroidery,  best  specimen, -  5  00 

Thread  Embroidery,  best  specimen, -         -         -         -  5  00 

Cotton  English  Work,  best  specimen,       ---------  3  00 

Hemstitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,             .......                  .  2  00 

Knit  Chair  Tidy,      -                  -                  .........  2  00 

Ornamental  Shell  work,  best  specimen,    ■         -                  ....'..  3  00 

Ornamental  Wax-work,  best  specimen,     -         -         -         -         -                  -         -         -  3  00 

Ornamental  Hair  work,  best  specimen,     ---------  5  00 

Leather  work,  best  specimen,            ....         ......  3  00 

Sewing  Machine, 5  00 

Judges. 
Miss  Mary  Humphreys,  of  Woodford  county. 
Miss  Margaret  Booker,  of  Washington  county. 
Miss  Mary  Mason,  of  Bath  county. 
Miss  Martha  Clay,  of  Bourbon  county. 
Miss  Pattie  Burnley,  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 
Euclid  M.  Covington,  of  Warren  county. 
John  Whelan,  of  Boyle  county. 
S.  H.  Bullen,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Richard  A.  Buckner,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford  county. 

TOBACCO,  SALT,  &c. 

Box  of  manufactured  Tobacco, $5  00 

Box  of  Cigars, 5  00 

Barrel  of  Salt,'         ...         - 3  00 

Box  of  Table  Salt, 2  00 

Candles,  tallow,  twenty  pounds, 2  00 

Candles,  star,  twenty  pounds,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Soap,  ten  pounds,  home  made,          ----------  2  00 

Starch,  five  pounds,  home  made,       -         -         -         -         -         ~         ~         "         "         ■  2  00 

Judges. 
Benj.  Gratz,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
James  H.  Garrard,  of  Boyle  county. 
John  G.  Holloway,  of  Henderson  county. 
James  R.  Alexander,  of  McCracken  county. 
T.  Blancagniel,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 


CLASS  J.— FINE   ARTS,    &c. 

PAINTINGS,  .fee. 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  oil, $5  00 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  water  colors,      -------  5  00 

Best  specimen  Landscape,  in  oil,      --.. 5  00 

Best  specimen  Landscape,  in  water  colors, 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  37 

Best  specimen  Cattle  Drawing, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Fruit  Painting,           -         - 5  00 

Best  specimen  Flower  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Fancy  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Grecian  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Monochromatic  Painting, -  5  00 

Best  specimen  Polychromatic  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Crayon  Drawing, 5  00 

Best  specimen  India  Ink  Drawing,             ....                  ....  3  00 

Best  specimen  Pencil  Drawing,          - 3  00 

Display  of  Daguerreotypes,       -                  5  00 

Display  of  Ambrotypes, - 5  00 

Display  of  Photographs,             5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Sculpture,     - 20  00 

Second  best  specimen  of  Sculpture,           -         -         -         -                  -         -                  -  10  00 

Drawing  of  the  Bourbon  Fair  Grounds,  to  be  engraved  and  published  in  the  Annual 

Report, 5  00 

Judges. 
J.  J.  Towles,  Henderson,  Kentucky. 
Wm.  Wiswell,  Cynthiana,  Kentucky. 
Wm.  E.  Hegan,  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Dr.  Graham,  Danville,  Kentucky. 
Solomon  L.  Sharp,  Washington  county. 

DESIGNS. 

Design  of  a  Country  Residence,  not  to  cost  over  $2,000,           -         -         -         -         -  $10  00 

Design  of  a  Country  Residence,  not  to  cost  over  $1,000,           -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Design  of  buildings,  &c.  for  a  County  Agricultural  Society,  not  to  cost  over  $8,000,  10  00 

Design  of  Barn,                 - *...,.  5  00 

Design  of  Carriage  House  and  Stable,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Design  of  Dairy  House,             5  00 

Design  of  Poultry  House, 5  00 

Design  of  Smoke  House, -  5  00 

Design  of  Ice  House,        -----------  5  00 

Design  of  Dry  House, 5  00 

Designs  must  be  accompanied  with  estimates  of  cost  and  specifications.  Those  to  which 
premiums  may  be  awarded  will  be  engraved  and  published  in  the  Annual  Report.  To  be  ex- 
hibited at  the  State  Fair  and  to  be  passed  upon  by  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture. 

MUSICAL  INSTRUMENT. 

Piano, $10  00 

Judges. 
H.  J.  Peters,  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
R.  J.  Rosington,  Hopkiusville,  Kentucky. 
A.  C.  Ward,  Winchester,  Kentucky. 
Wm.  Preston,  Lousville,  Kentucky. 
D.  D.  Richardson,  Lexington,  Kentucky. 


CLA.SS  K.— PRODUCTS  OF  THE  SOIL. 
GRAINS,  &c. 


Bushel  of  Wheat,     - 
Bushel  of  Oats, 
Bushel  of  Rye, 
Bushel  of  Barley,     - 
Bushel  of  Buckwheat, 
Fifty  ears  of  Corn,  for  bread, 
Fifty  ears  of  Corn,  for  stock, 
Bushel  of  Clover  Seed,     - 
Bushel  of  Hemp  Seed, 
Bushel  of  Timothy  Seed, 


2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

5 

00 

2 

00 

2  00 

38  REPORT  OF  THE 

Bushel  of  Blue  Grass  Seed, 2  00 

Largest  Pumpkin, 100 

Judges. 
Alfred  Preston,  of  Clarke  county. 
Wra.  Orr,  of  Bracken  county. 
A.  C.  Wilson,  of  Nelson  county. 
James  Bascom,  of  Washington  county. 
A.  H.  Bowman,  of  Mercer  county. 

HEMP  AND  FLAX. 

Hemp,  water  rotted,  100  pounds, $  10  00 

Hemp,  dew-rotted,  100  pounds,  ....         - 5  00 

Flax,  20  pounds, 5  00 

The  hemp  and  flax  to  be  inspected  at  Lexington  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  May,  1857. 

Judges. 
C.  J.  Sanders,  Hemp  Agent,  of  Lexington,  Ky. 
Silas  Evans,  of  Fayette  couuty. 
Robert  S.  Taylor,  of  Clarke  county. 
James  Shouse,  of  Woodford  county. 
John  R.  Jones,  of  Nelson  county. 

TOBACCO. 

Leaf,  sample,  one  hogshead,  by  producer, -  $  25  00 

Leaf,  shipping,  one  hogshead,  by  producer, 25  00 

Leaf,  manufacturing,  one  hogshead,  by  producer,      -         -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Leaf,  cigar,  one  hogshead,  by  producer, 25  00 

Tobacco  to  be  exhibited  in  Louisville  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  May,  1857. 

Judges. 

Harrison  Bridges,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Frank  Ronald,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Birch  Musselman,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
A.  B.  Barrett,  of  Henderson  Kentucky. 
Thomas  Quigley,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

GARDEN. 

Irish  Potatoes,  one  bushel,        -        - $2  00 

Irish  Potatoes,  display  of  varieties, 3  00 

Sweet  Potatoes,  one  bushel, 2  00 

Sweet  Potatoes,  display  of  varieties, 3  00 

Cabbage,  six  heads,           .....-.--.--  1  00 

Tomatoes,  one  peck, 1  00 

Celery,  six  bunches, 1  00 

Turnips,  for  table,  one  peck,     --.-..-----  1  00 

Parsnips,  one  peck,  -                           1  00 

Salsify,  one  peck,     -------------  1  00 

Onions;  one  peck,     -------------  100 

Carrots,  one  peck,     -------------  100 

Beets,  for  table,  one  peck, 1  00 

Beets,  for  stock,  one  bushel,     ----- 1  00 

Lima  Beans,  half  peck, -         -  1  00 

Bunch  Beans,  half  peck, 1  00 

Pepper,  half  peck,             1  00 

Water  Melons,  half  dozen, 2  00 

Mu3k  Melons,  half  dozen,         ....                  2  00 

Squashes,  half  dozen, 1  00 

Judges. 

Dr.  John  Jackson,  of  Washington  county. 
P.  S.  Bush,  of  Covington,  Kentucky. 
Silas  Massie,  of  Jacksonville,  Illinois. 
Fielding  Bush,  of  Clarke  county. 
Edward  Hughes,  of  Boyle  county. 
Samuel  H.  Clay,  of  Bourbon  county. 

ORCHARD. 

Display  of  Fall  Apples, $  2  00 

Display  of  Winter  Apples,       - 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


39 


Display  of  greatest  variety,      -        -        - 5  00 

Best  Apple, 1  00 

Largest  Apple, 1  00 

Display  of  Cling  Peaches, 2  00 

Display  of  Free  Peaches, 2  00 

Display  of  greatest  variety,      -                                    5  00 

Best  Peach,      -                           1  00 

Plums,  one  dozen, -  1  00 

Plums,  greatest  variety, 2  00 

Quinces,  one  dozen, 2  00 

Display  of  Fall  Pears, 2  00 

Display  of  Winter  Pears, 2  00 

Display  of  greatest  variety, 3  00 

Best  Pear, -         -  1  00 

Grapes,  Catawba,  basket, 2  00 

Grapes,  Isabella,  basket, 2  00 

Grapes,  display  of  greatest  variety, -         -  2  00 

Grapes,  display  of  greatest  variety  under  glass, 2  00 

Monthly  Raspberries,  one  quart, -  1  00 

Judges. 

Lawrence  Young,  of  Jefferson  county. 

M.  C.  Johnson,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

A.  C.  Keenon,  of  Franklin  county. 

A.  V.  Bedford,  of  Bourbon  county. 

S.  P.  Opdyke,  of  Springfield,  Illinois. 

FLOWERS. 

Display  of  Green  House  Flowers,  in  pots,  &c, $  10  00 

Roses,  24  best  varieties,    -----------  5  00 

Dahlias,  12  dissimilar  blossoms, 2  00 

Dahlias,  greatest  variety,           »...'. 2  00 

Phloxes,  6  varieties,          - 2  00 

Verbenas,  6  varieties,        - 2  00 

Verbenas,  greatest  variety, 2  00 

Cut  Flowers,  greatest  variety, 2  00 

Hand  Boquet  of  Hardy  Flowers,  two  specimens,       -------  2  00 

Hand  Boquet  of  Green  House  Flowers,  two  specimens,     ------  2  00 

Floral  design  of  living  Flowers,       - -  3  00 


Judges. 


Mrs.  Hamilton  Pope,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Mrs.  Jane  Page,  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 
Mrs.  Wm.  R.  Estill,  of  Fayette  county. 
Mrs.  Annie  Davidson,  of  Washington  county. 
Mrs.  Nannie  Dunlap,  of  Garrard  county. 


J.  A.  Warder,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

E.  P.  Humphrey,  of  Danville,  Kentucky. 

H.  T.  Duncan,  of  Fayette  county. 

A.  H.  Ernst,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Edw.  Wilson,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 


CLASS  L.— FAMILY  PRODUCTS. 

DAIRY,  &c. 

Butter,  5  pounds, $ 

Cheese,  10  pounds,  ore  year  old,       ---------- 

Cheese,  10  pounds,  under  one  year  old,     --------- 

Honey,  5  pounds,      ------------- 

Maple  Sugar,  10  pounds, 

Preserves,  three  kinds,     ----------- 

Pickles,  three  kinds,  -  

Jellies,  three  kinds,  -         -  - 

Preserved  Fruit,  in  cans, 

Judges. 

Charles  Marshall,  of  Fleming  county. 

Isaac  Everett,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

Samuel  Corn,  of  Clarke  county. 

John  B.  Raine,  of  Bourbon  county. 


40 


REPORT  OF  THE 


PANTRY,  &c. 

Pound  Cake, $  2  00 

White  Cake, 2  00 

Fruit  Cake, 2  00 

Sponge  Cake, 2  00 

Confectionery,  assorted,  ------------  2  00 

Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread,     ------                  2  00 

Loaf  of  Corn  Bread, 2  00 

Two  Hams,  (one  of  them  boiled  or  baked,) 3  00 

Dried  Beef, 2  00 

Lard,  10  pounds, 2  00 

Kentucky  Wines  6  bottle3, 6  00 

Cider,  6  bottles, 3  00 

Barrel  of  Flour, 3  00 

Bairel  of  Meal, 2  00 

Judges. 

Charles  S.  Morehead.  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 

Joseph  A.  Wright,  of  Indiana. 

N.  Longworth,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Wm.  C.  Anderson,  of  Boyle  county. 

Robert  Buchanan,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 


CLASS  M.— AGRICULTURAL  LITERATURE. 

ESSAYS. 

On  breeding  stock  of  any  kind, $  20  00 

Second  best  on  breeding  stock  of  any  kind,      --------         10  00 

On  feeding  stock  of  any  kind,  -         -         - 20  00 

Second  best  on  feeding  stock  of  any  kind, 10  00 

Judges. 

William  P.  Hume,  of  Bourbon  county. 

James  Sudduth,  of  Bath  county. 

Ch.  H.  Rochester,  of  Boyle  county. 

Dr.  John  Fleming,  of  Fleming  county. 

Thomas  B.  Stevenson,  of  Mason  county. 

On  crop9  or  staples  of  any  kind, 20  00 

Second  best  on  crops  or  staples  of  any  kind,     -  10  00 

On  the  cultivation  of  crops  or  staples  of  any  kind, 20  00 

Second  best  on  the  cultivation  of  crops  or  staples  of  any  kind,         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Judges. 
Dr.  Albert  Covington,  of  Warren  county. 
Albert  S.  Taylor,  of  Clarke  county. 
Jacob  Hughes,  of  Fayette  county. 
Isaac  Clarke,  of  McCracken  county. 
Alex.  Julian,  of  Franklin  county. 

On  Soils,  Coal,  Salt,  Iron,  and  Stone,  each, 20  00 

Second  best  on  Soils,  Coal,  Salt,  Iron,  and  Stone,  each,    -  -        -        -        10  00 

Judges. 

John  B.  Huston,  of  Clarke  county. 

John  G.  Holloway,  of  Henderson  county. 

John  D.  Morris,  of  Christian  county. 

Wm.  Montgomery,  of  Lincoln  county. 

John  P.  Bruce,  of  Pulaski  county. 

On  the  cultivation  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky,        -         -         -         -         -         20  00 
Second  best  on  the  cultivation  of  Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky,         -         -         -         10  00 

Judges. 

A.  M.  Brown,  of  Paris,  Kentucky. 
F.  Jones,  of  Clarke  county. 
II.  P.  Byram,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
A.  V.  Bedford,  of  Bourbon  county. 
J.  F.  Robinson,  of  Scott  county. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  41 

On  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agriculture, 20  00 

Second  best  on  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agriculture,  10  00 

On  the  use  and  asisstance  of  Mechanics  to  Commerce,      -         -         -         -         -         -         20  00 

Second  best  on  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Commerce,  -         -         -         •         10  00 

Judges. 

Edward  Oldham,  of  Fayette  county. 

Edgar  Needham,  of  Louisville,  Kentucky. 

Joseph  Brown,  of  Nelson  county. 

Daniel  Yeiser,  of  Boyle  county. 

John  Neet,  of  Woodford  county. 

©n  Agriculture,  as  connected  with  Common  Schools, 20  00 

Second  best  on  Agriculture,  as  connected  with  Common  Schools,      -         -         -         -         10  00 

On  Agriculture,  as  connected  with  Collegiate  Education, 20  00 

Second  best  on  Agriculture,  as  connected  with  Collegiate  Education,         -         -         -         10  00 

Judges. 

R.  J.  Breckinridge,  of  Danville,  Kentucky. 

R.  T.  Dillard,  of  Fayette  county. 

P.  S.  Fall,  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky. 

D.  C.  Proctor,  of  Franklin  county. 

Prof.  Dodd,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
The  essays  to  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Recording  Secretary  on  or   before  the  first  day 
of  the  State  Fair. 


Soils, 

Salt  Waters, 

Potters'  Clays, 

Fire  Clays, 

Bur  Stones, 

Gypsum. 


NATURAL  MATERIAL. 

Best  suit  of  useful  Minerals  of  Kentucky,  including — 

Coals, 

Iron  Ores, 

Limestones, 

Marbles, 

Sandstones, 

Marls, 

Peats, 

Best  suit  of  Crystaiized  Minerals  of  Kentucky. 
Best  suit  of  Fossils  of  Kentucky. 

Best  suit  of  the  Vegetable  Kingdom,  including  the  woods  and  most  useful  plants  of  Kentucky. 
Best  suit  of  the  Animal  Kingdom,  including  insects  and  animals,  injurious  to  the  farmer. 

Such  awards  as  the  Board  may  deem  best,  will  be  made  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Judges. 
Those  to  which  premiums  may  be  awarded,  will  be  deposited  in  the  rooms  of  the  State  Board 
in  the  Executive  Office,  at  Frankfort. 

Judges. 

David  D.  Owen,  of  Indiana. 

Robert  Peter,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

Ashbel  Welsh,  of  New  Jersey. 

Joseph  G.  Norwood,  of  Illinois. 

James  M.  Safford,  of  Lebanon,  Tennessee. 


42  REPORT  OF  THE 

ORDER   OF   EXHIBITION. 

First  Day — Cattle,  Sheep  and  Hogs. 
Second  Day—  Blood  and  Draft  Horses. 
Third  Day — Fine  Horses  and  Mules. 
Fourth  Day — Harness  Horses  and  Poultry. 
Fifth  Day — Saddle  Horses,  Sweepstakes,  and  Asses. 
All  stock  must  be  entered  by  half  past  8  o'clock  of  the  day  of  exhibition. 
Each  day's  exhibition  will  commence  precisely  at  9  o'clock — the  stock  to  be  brought  into  the 
amphitheatre  in  the  order  of  the  premium  list. 

The  awards  of  the  Judges  will  be  announced  as  soon  as  the  decision  is  made. 
All  animals,  to  which  premiums  shall  be  awarded,  will  be  required  to  remain  on  the  grounds 
until  the  close  of  the  Fair,  except  withdrawn  by  permission  of  the  President. 

All  articles  must  be  entered  during  the  first  day,  and  placed  in  the  appropriate  halls  for  ex- 
hibition, to  remain  in  charge  of  the  Superintendents  until  the  close  of  the  Fair. 
The  halls  will  be  open,  after  the  first  day,  for  the  admission  of  visitors. 
Premiums  will  be  paid  on  the  last  day. 

The  Annual  Address  will  be  delivered  at  12  o'clock,  on  the  second  day,  by  the  Hon.  Charles 
S.  Morehead,  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Kentucky. 


REGULATIONS,  Ac. 

1.  Each  member  and  his  family  shall  have  free  admission  to  the  Fair  grounds,  the  right  to 
exhibit  stock  or  other  articles,  for  which  premiums  may  be  offered,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  re- 
ceive a  copy  of  published  proceedings,  lists  of  premiums,  prize  essays,  &,c,  which  may  be 
printed  by  the  Society,  free  of  cost. 

2.  Persons  desiring  to  become  members,  must  do  so  ten  days  before  the  Fair. 

3.  Any  person,  not  a  member,  may  compete  for  premiums  on  the  payment  of  three  dollars, 
which  will  also  entitle  him  and  his  family  to  admission  to  the  grounds. 

4.  Books  for  the  entry  of  stock  and  articles,  will  be  open  one  month  before  the  Fair;  and 
exhibitors  are  earnestly  requested  to  make  all  their  entries,  if  in  their  power,  before  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Fair. 

5.  All  stock  and  articles  must  be  entered  by  the  owner. 

6.  Exhibitors  will  be  particular  to  enter  their  stock  in  the  proper  class. 

7.  The  halls,  for  the  reception  of  articles,  will  be  open  the  day  before  the  Fair. 

8.  All  articles  must  be  entered  and  labelled  before  received  by  the  Superintendent  of  the 
halls. 

9.  Judges  of  stock  are  requested  to  report  themselves  at  the  business  office,  on  the  grounds, 
by  half  past  8  o'clock  of  the  day  on  which  they  are  to  act  in  that  capacity.  Judges  of  articles 
are  requested  to  report  themselves  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

10.  All  Judges  or  Alternates  will  be  entitled  to  receive  a  ticket  of  admission  to  the  grounds. 

11.  No  person  who  is  an  exhibitor  can  act  as  judge  in  the  class  in  which  be  exhibits. 

12.  When  the  Judges  of  stock  have  agreed  upon  their  award,  in  each  class,  they  will  report 
to  the  Marshals,  who  shall  proclaim  the  names  of  the  persons  entitled  to  premiums,  and  fur- 
nish the  names  to  the  Secretary,  in  person. 

13.  The  Judges  of  articles  will  be  required  to  furnish  the  Secretary  a  list  of  their  awards. 
14!  The  President,  Vice  Presidents,  or   one  of  the   Directors,   shall  attend  each  Awarding 

Committee,  in  viewing  the  different  classes  of  stock  and  articles. 

15.  No  person,  other  than  the  Judges,  will  be  permitted  to  go  into  the  ring  where  stock  is 
exhibiting,  except  the  officers  of  the  Society  and  the  Marshals. 

16.  The  gate  of  the  Amphitheatre  will  be  closed  in  ten  minutes  after  the  call  by  the  Mar- 
shal for  each  class  of  stock. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  43 

17.  No  stock  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  unless  under  halter,  and  in  care  of  a  groom. 

18.  Exhibitors  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  groom  a  card,  containing  the  age  of  all  ani- 
mals under  four  years  old. 

19.  Exhibitors  of  blood  horses  will  be  required  to  deposit  with  the  Secretary  an  authentic 
pedigree  of  each  animal,  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

20.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  enter  but  one  class,  except  in  the  herd  and  sweepstakes. 

21.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  to  show  his  own  stock,  and  in  violation  of 
the  rule,  will  forfeit  the  premium. 

22.  If  any  person  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  ownership  of  stock,  or  the  pedigree 
thereof,  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  a  premium  on  said  stock. 

23.  The  premiums,  except  for  the  products  of  the  farm  and  garden,  are  opento  the  world. 

24.  No  Stallion,  Mare,  Bull,  Cow,  Jack,  or  Jennet,  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to 
compete  for  a  premium,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

25.  No  premium  will  be  awarded  to  any  animal  or  article,  where  there  is  no  competition, 
unless  the  Judges  shall  deem  such  worthy  of  it. 

26.  The  owner  of  every  animal,  to  which  a  premium  shall  be  awarded,  will  be  required  to 
deliver  to  the  Secretary,  in  writing,  its  name,  age  and  pedigree,  as  far  as  known,  before  the 
delivery  of  the  premium. 

27.  Discretionary  premiums  will  be  awarded,  upon  the  recommendation  of  Judges,  by  the 
Board. 

28.  Premiums  will  be  paid  in  silver  plate  or  coin. 

29.  Provender  for  stock  will  be  furnished  on  the  grounds,  to  exhibitors,  at  actual  cost- 


PRICE  OF  ADMISSION. 

Offices  will  be  open  on  the  Railroad  and  Turnpike  for  the  sale  of  tickets. 

No  money  received  at  the  gates. 

The  charges  for  admission  to  the  grounds  as  follows  : 

Each  person  on  foot, - $25 

Each  person  on  horse, 35 

Buggies, 75 

Carriages, 1  00 

Omnibus,  per  day, 5  00 

Hack,  per  day, :  3  00 

The  owner  of  each  Omnibus  or  Hack  will   be   required  to  pay  twenty-five  cents  for  each 
passenger  carried  into  the  grounds. 

The  members  of  the  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society  will  be  admitted,  on  presentation 
of  the  tickets  of  that  Society. 


44  REPORT  OF  THE 


AWARDS  AT  THE  FAIR. 


The  first  Fair  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  was  held 
at  the  time  and  place,  and  in  the  manner  agreed  on.  The  officers 
were  almost  all  in  attendance;  the  appropriate  buildings  and  improve- 
ments had  all  been  completed ;  a  large  concourse  of  persons  from  al- 
most all  parts  of  Kentucky,  and  also  from  many  of  our  sister  States, 
were  daily  in  attendance,  notwithstanding  some  inclement  weather ; 
order  and  decorum  were  uniformly  observed  ;  a  great  number  and  va- 
riety of  animals,  articles,  implements,  &c,  &c,  were  on  exhibition; 
the  Annual  Address  was  delivered  by  Gov.  Morehead,  and  the  follow- 
ing awards  of  Premiums  were  made  and  reported  by  the  respective 
awarding  committees:     ' 

CLASS  A.— CATTLE. 

BULLS. 

No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered.  Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 

3 — Locomotive,  4  years  old  and  upwards,    -  Brutus  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,        -  1st  prem. 

D'Otley, Jeremiah  Duncan,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Ben  Bolt,  .--...  Charles  S.  Brent,  Bourbon  county,     -  3d  prem. 

8 — El  Hakim,  3  years  and  under  4,      -         -  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,   1st  prem. 

Sirius, R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,    2d  prem. 

Lord  Eglinton,        -  -  David  Wilson,  Hamilton,  co.  Ohio,  -  3d  prem. 

8 — Townley,  2  years  and  under  3,  -  J.  T.  McClelland,  Fayette  county,    -  1st  prem. 

Francisco, Thomas  Hughes,  Fayette  county,      -  2d  prem. 

Percy,  by  Orontes,  dam  Phillis,        -         -  J.  R.  Campbell,  Nicholas  county,       -  3d  prem. 
17 — Royal  Duke,  one  year  and  under  two,     -  James  B.  Clay,  Fayette  county,         -  1st  prem. 

Djalma, Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county,   2d  prem. 

By  Senator  out  of  Duchess  Sutherland,  -  Edwin  G.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,     3d  prem. 
23 — Enterprise,  under  one  year,     -         -         -  Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county,  1st  prem. 

May  Duke, Abram  Renick,  Bourbon  county,        -  2d  prem. 

Red  Comet, George  M.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,    3d  prem. 

COWS  AND  HEIFERS. 

21— Vellum,  Cows  4  years  old  and  upwards,  -  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,    1st  prem. 

Duchess  of  Athol, Same,  do.  -         2d  prem. 

Mazurka, Same,  do.  -        3d  prem. 

9 — Mary  Magdalene,  Cows  3  yrs,  and  under  4,  Benj.  Warfield,  Jr.,  Fayette  county,     1st  prem. 

Louan  2d,         --....  Jeremiah  Duncan,  Bourbon  county,      2d  prem. 

Canny,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,     3d  prem. 

7 — Princess  Royal,  Cows  2  yrs.  and  under  3,  Elisha  Warfield,  Fayette  county,       -  1st  prem. 

Lady  Valentine, R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,     2d  prem. 

Butterfly, Brutus  J.  Clay,  Woodford  county,         3d  prem. 

18 — 2d  Duchess  Airdrie,  Cows  1  yr.  &  under  2,  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,    1st  prem. 

Ivanora,  ......  George  M.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,   2d  prem. 

Alice  Renick, Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county,  3d  prem. 

23 — Mazurka  3d,  Heifer  Calves,  -         -  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,     1st  prem. 

Mazurka  4th,  -         -         -         -         -         -  Same,  do.  -  2d  prem. 

Elfleda, Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county,  3d  prem. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


45 


HERD. 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 
4 — Bull,  El  Hakim;  Cows,  Vellum,  Duchess, 
of  Atbol,  Mazurka,  Forget- Me  Not,  and 
Lady  Valentine,  ... 

Bull,  Locomotive;  Cows,  Butterfly,  Daisy, 
Pearl,  Diana,  and  Red  Rose, 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 

R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,  1st  prem, 
Brutus  J.  Clay.  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem, 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


13 — El  Hakim,  best  Bull  of  any  age, 
30 — Vellum,  best  Cow  of  any  age, 


R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county, 
Same,  do. 


FAT  CATTLE. 


5 — Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do. 

4 — F.  M.  or  Spayed  Heifer,  4  yrs.  and  upward, 

do.  do.  do     - 

4 — F.  M.  or  Spayed  Heifer,  3  yrs.  and  under  4, 

do.  do.  do    - 

2— F.  M.  or  Spayed  Heifer,  2  yrs.  and  under  3, 

do.  do.  do.   - 

4 — F.  M.  or  Spayed  Heifer,  1  yr.  and  under  2, 
2 — Fat  Cow,  4  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

do.  do.  do.  - 

9— Work  Oxen,  4  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

5 — Under  four  years  old,  - 

do.  do. 

Milch  Cow, 

Second  best,    ------ 


Isaac  Shelby,  Fayette  county,  - 
Jeremiah  Duncan,  Bourbon  county,  - 
Isaac  Shelby,  Fayette  county,  - 
Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 
Brutus  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county, 
Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 
Wm.  R.  Estell,  Fayette  county, 
Lewis  Cascleman,  Fayette  county,     - 
Wm.  R.  Estell,  Fayette  county, 
Brutus  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county, 
James  Price,  Clarke  county, 
Albert  Alien,  Fayette  county,  - 
James  R.  Wornall,  Clarke  countv,    - 
Joseph  Graves,  Fayette  county, 
J.  W.  Ware,  Fayette  county,    - 
Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 
E.  P.  Turner,  Fayette  county,  - 


prem. 
prem. 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 


CLASS  B.— SHEEP. 


LONG  WOOL  SHEEP. 


8 — Bucks  over  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 

8 — Bucks  under  two  year3  old, 

do.  do. 

10 — Ewe  over  two  years  old,  - 

do.  do. 

4 — Ewe  under  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 

9— Five  Fat  Sheep, 

do.  do. 


4 — Buck  over  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 

3 — Buck  under  two  years  old, 
9 — Ewe  over  two  years  old,  - 


-  Isaac  Smith,  Clarke  county, 

-  Luke  Hopkins,  Henry  county,  - 

-  F.  J.  Gray,  Harrison  county,    - 

-  Luke  Hopkins,  Henry  county,  - 

-  F.  J.  Gray,  Harrison  county,     - 

-  Robert  McMillan,  Bourbon  county, 

-  H.  W.  Rice,  Bourbon  county,    - 

-  Isaac  Smith,  Clarke  county, 

-  James  Foley,  Fayette  county,  - 
Peter  Hedges,  Bourbon  county, 


MIDDLE  WOOL  SHEEP. 


C.  M.  Clay,  Madison  county,    - 
Wm.  W.  Kenney,  Bourbon  county, 
Wm.  C.  Lyle,  Bourbon  county, 
Richard  Allen,  Fayette  county, 


1st  prem 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem . 


SAXON  OR  MERINO  SHEEP. 


8 — Buck  over  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 

4 — Buck  under  two  years  old, 

do.  do,     - 

9 — Ewe  over  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 

8 — Ewe  under  two  years  old, 

do.  do. 


-  A.  L.  Bingham,  Vermont,  -         -  1st  prem 

-  Same,        ....  -2d  prem 

-  Washington  Miller,  Clarke  county,  -  1st  prem 

-  Same,        -         -         -         -         -         -  2d  prem 

-  A.  L.  Bingham,  Vermont,  -         -  1st  prem 

-  Same, 2d  prem 

-  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon  county,   1st  prem 

-  Washington  Miller,  Clarke  county,  2d  prem 


46 


REPORT  OF  THE 


CLASS  C— HOGS. 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 
8 — Boar  over  two  vears  old, 

do.  do.      -         -         -         - 

2 — Boar  one  year  old  and  under  two,    - 

do.  do. 

8 — Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

5 — Sow  over  two  years  old,  - 

do.  do. 

6 — Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

do.  do.  do.  - 

8 — Sow  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  - 

do.  do.  do.  - 

51 — Pair  of  Pigs  over  six  months  old,    - 

do.               do.               do.  - 
3— Five  Fat  Hogs, 

do. 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 
E.  G.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,        -  1st  prem. 
Samuel  H.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,     -  2d  prem. 
Same,       -         -         -         -  -  1st  prem. 

Same,       •         -         -        -         -         -  2d  prem. 
Same,       ......  1st  prem. 

Same, 2d  prem. 

Same, 1st  prem. 

Richard  Allen,  Fayette  county,         -  2d  prem. 

Same, 1st  prem. 

Same,       -         -         -         -         -         -  2d  prem. 

Samuel  H.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,    -  1st  prem. 

Same, 2d  prem. 

Same,       ......  1st  prem. 

Same, 2d  prem. 

Same, 1st  prem. 

Same, 2d  prem. 


CLASS  D.— HORSES. 


THOROUGH  BRED  HORSES. 


3 — Star  Davis,  Stallion  4  yrs.  old  and  upwards, 

Vandal,    •         - 

3 — Yankee  Pedler,  3  years  old  and  under  4, 

Red  Ike, 

1 — Yorkshire,  2  years  old  and  under  3, 
3 — Rifleman,  1  year  old  and  under  2,    - 

Bay  Colt,  by  Cracker,  dam  by  Lance, 

1 — Under  I  yr.,  Hooton,  out  d.  Brown  Kitty, 

11 — Brown  Kitty,  Mare  4  yrs.  old  and  upw'ds, 

Blonde,  by  Glencoe,  out  Wagoner  Mare, 
1 — Rescue,  Mare  2  years  old  and  under  3,  - 
5 — Transylvania,   1  year  old  and  under  2,     - 

Full  Sister  to  Blonde,  .... 
7 — Under  1  yr.,  by  Hooton,  dam  Brown  Kitty, 

Sella,  by  imp'd  Yorkshire,  dam  Victoria, 


John  M.  Clay,  Fayette  county  -  -  1st  prem. 
James  L.  Bradly,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Joseph  Hall.  Bourbon  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Geo.  A.  Kirkpatrick,  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem. 
Newton  M.  Craig,  Scott  county,  -  1st  prem. 
John  H.  Cooper,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
Thomas  W.  Lewis,  Clarke  county,  -  2d  prem. 
John  T.  Redman,  Bourbon  county,  -  1st  prem. 
James  S.  Thomas,  Montgomery  co.,  1st  prem. 
A.  Keene  Richards,  Scott  county,  2d  prem. 
Elisha  Warfield,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
A.  Keene  Richards,  Scott  county,     -  1st  prem. 

Same, -  2d  prem. 

James  S.  Thomas,  Montgomery  co.,  1st  prem. 
S.  D.  Bruce,  Fayette  county,    -         -  2d  prem. 


DRAFT  HORSES. 


7 — Young  Duke,  Stallion  4  yrs.  and  upwards, 
Fair  Hope, 

1  —  Stallion  2  years  old  and  under  3, 

1 — (1)  Stallion  1  year  old  and  under  2, 

1 — Roger  Hanson,  Stallion  under  1  year, 

7 — Mare  4  years  and  upwards, 

do.  do.   - 

5 — Black  Maria,  Mare  3  yrs.  old  and  under  4, 
do.  do. 

4 — Miss  M.  Remmington,2  yrs.  and  under  3, 
Mare  2  years  old  and  under  three,  - 

2 — Martha  Wright,  1  year  old  and  under  2, 
Fanny  Fern,  by  Young  Duke  of  Bourbon, 

1 — Lady  Harrison,  under  1  year,  - 

8 — (2)  Gelding  3  years  and  upwards,  - 
do.  do.  do.  - 


Isaac  Kellar,  Bourbon  county,  - 
Geo.  L.  Chiles,  Fayette  county, 
William  Wheat,  Bourbon  county,     - 
Isaac  Wright,  Bourbon  county, 
John  L.  Todhunter,  Fayette  county, 
Jacob  Hughes,  Kayette  county, 
J.  W.  Kimbrough,  Hurrison  county, 
Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 
J.  Reneker,  Harrison  county,    - 
E.  W.  Taylor,  Woodford  county,     - 
Fayette  Ardery,  Bourbon  county, 
George  L.  Chiles,  Fayette  county,    - 
Thomas  W.  Curreut,  Bourbon  county, 
James  H.  Gray,  Harrison  county, 
Noah  Ferguson,  Fayette  county, 
Will  Colcord,  Bourbon  county, 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
1st  prem. 
1st  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 


FINE  HORSES  FOR  ALL  WORK. 

6 — Stallion  4  years  old  and  upwards,     -         -  Horace  Benton,  Bourbon  county,      -  1st  prem. 

Sir  William, Daniel  Smith,  Clarke  county,  -         -  2d  prem. 

7 — Cadet,  Stallion  3  years  old  and  under  4,  -  William  Nichols,  Nicholas  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Bay  Eagle, E.  R.  Smith,  Fayette  county,  -        -  2d  prem. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


47 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 
4 — Marshall  Durock,  2  years  old  and  under  3, 

9 — (3)  Stallion  1  year  old  and  under  2, 

Emperor,  ------ 

13 — (4)  Stallion  under  1  year  old, 

John  S.  Williams,  -         -         -         - 

21 — Bland,  Mare  4  years  old  and  upwards, 
Buena  Vista,  -         -  - 

6 — (5)  Mare  3  years  old  and  under  4,  - 

Laura,  by  Grey  Highlander,  dam  Whip, 
5 — ((i)  Mare  2  years  old  and  under  3,  - 

do.  do.  do. 

9 — (7)  Mare  1  year  old  and  under  2,     - 

do.  do.  do. 

9 — Kate  Mahan,  Mare  under  1  year,     - 

Under  1  yr„  by  Highlander,  d.  Messenger, 
8 — (8)  Gelding  3  years  old  and  upwards, 

By  Highlander,  out  Highlander  Mare,     - 
4 — (9)  Gelding  2  years  old  and  under  3, 

By  Morgan  Whip,  out  Bertram  Mare,     - 
1 — (10)  Gelding  1  year  old  and  under  2, 


Names,  Residences,  and  Premiums. 
Henry  Nichols,  Harrison  county,      -   1st  prem. 
William  Lewis,  Clarke  county,         -  2d  prem. 
Robert  Garrett,  Woodford  county,    -   1st  prem. 
Joseph  t  aulconer,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Mrs.  Mary  Strode,  Clarke  county,    -    1st  prem. 
John  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,         -  2d  prem. 
Same,       ......   1st,  prem. 

E.  R.  Smith,  Fayette  county,  -  -  2d  prem. 
C.  C.  Nutter,  Fayette  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
John  W.  Cromwell,  Fayette  county,  2d  prem. 
James  Stipp,  Clarke  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Alex.  McClintock,  Harrison  county,  2d  prem 
James  Stipp,  Clarke  county,  -  -  1st  prem 
Harrison  Thomson,  Clarke  county,  -  0rl  nMm 
J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  - 
Wash  Redman,  Bourbon  county, 
Henry  Nichols,  Harrison  county, 
G.  D.  Hunt,  Fayette  county,  - 
Robert  Nutter,  Fayette  county, 
G.  D.  Hunt,  Fayette  county,,  - 
Robert  Nutter,  Fayette  county, 


2d  prem. 

-  1st  prem. 

-  2d  prem. 

-  1st  prem. 

-  2d  prem . 

-  1st  prem. 

-  2d  prem. 

-  1st  prem. 


HARNESS  HORSES. 


9- 
2- 

6- 

10- 

6- 

11- 

8- 

2- 

6- 

7- 

9- 

1- 
2- 


3— 


Vermont  Black  Hawk,  Stal'n  4ys  &  over, 
Ned  Forrest,    ------ 

Bavard,  Stallion  3  years  and  under  4, 

Abdallah, 

Monzekoff,  Stallion  2  years  and  under  3, 
Young  Morgan,        - 

•Prince  Albert,  Stallion  1  yr.  and  under  2, 
Perfection,       ------ 

■Stallion  under  1  year  old, 

By  imp'd  Young  Lord,  dam  Whip  Mare, 

•(11)  Gelding  4  years  old  and  upwards,     - 

do.  do.  do.  - 

(12)  Gelding  3  years  old  and  under  4, 
By  Star  Highlander,  dam  by  Valentine,    - 
■Gelding  2  years  and  under  3,  - 

do.  do.  do. 

•Pair  Match  Horses,  Mess'r  and  HighPer, 
By  Wagoner,  dam  Sumpter,    - 
■(13)  Pair  Match  Mares, 
By  Canadian  Chief,  d.  Whip  and  Tranby, 
-(14)  Mare  4  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

-(15)  Mare  3  years  and  under  4, 
-Beauty,  Mare  2  years  and  under  3,  - 
By  Ned  Forrest,  dam  Cook's  Whip, 
Bettie  Wasson,  Mare  1  year  and  under  2, 

do  do.  - 

Alice,  Mare  under  1  year  old, 
Kittie,  Patterson's  Highl'r,  d.  Valentine, 


S.  D.  Blood,  Fayette  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Dowuing  &  Alexander,  Fayette  co.,  2d  prem. 
P.  E.  Todhuuter,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
Patrick  Dolan,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Solomon  Low,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
David  Martin,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Wm.T.  Hughes,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
James  Henderson,  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem. 
S.  G.  Suthard,  Clarke  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Thos.  H.  Wilson,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Scott  Brown,  Franklin  county,  -   1st  prem. 

Thomas  Bowman,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Henry  Nichols,  Harrison  county,  -  1st  prem. 
M.  Kimbrough,  Harrison  county,  -  2d  prem. 
C.  C.  Rogers,  Bourbon  county,  -  1st  prem. 

JohnSpohn,  Harrison  county,  -  -  2d  prem. 
Dr.  J.  R.  Desha,  Lexington,  -  -  1st  prem. 
John  K.  Lincoln,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem. 
A.  D.  Young,  Woodford  county,  -  1st  prem. 
J.  A.  Howerton,  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem. 
G.  D.  Hunt,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Richard  Downing,  Sr.,  Fayette  co.,  -  2d  prem. 
Alfred  Bowman,  New  Orleans,  -  1st  prem. 

Thomas  L.  Coons,  Payette  county,  -  1st  prem. 
W.  W.  Goddard,  Covington,  -  -  2d  prem. 
Robert  Garrett,  Woodford  county,  -  1st  prem. 
W.  D.  Crockett,  Scott  county,  -  2d  prem. 

M    H.  Parker,  Fayette  county,  -   1st  prem. 

F.  G.  Veach,  Harrison  county,  -  2d  prem. 


SADDLE  HORSES 


11 — Denmark,  Stallion,  4  yrs.  old  and  upwards, 
do.  do. 

5 — Fearnought,  Stallion,  3  yrs.  and  under  4, 

Young  Farro,  imp.  Farro,  d.  Cherokee, 
4 — Rob  Roy,  Stallion,   2  years  and  under  3, 

By  Diomede,  dam  Smuggler  Mare,  - 
6— (16)  Stallion  one  year  and  under  two, 

Confidence,  by  Tom  Hal,  dam  Stargazer, 
8 — Fillmore,  Stallion  under  one  year  old, 

Sir  Henry,  by  Grey  Diomede, 
10 — (17)  Mare  lour  years  and  upwards, 
do.  do.  do. 


Ed.  P.  Gaines,  Fayette  county, 
Isaac  C.  Vanmeter,  Clarke  county, 
John  Thompson,  Nicholas  c  unty, 
Hugh  Roseberry,  Bourbon  county, 
Ed.  P.  Gaines.  Fayette  county, 
Wm.  F.  Horton,  Bourbon  county, 
John  Griffith,  Bourbon  county, 
S.  C.  Frazier,  Harrison  county, 
M.  H.  Parker,  Fayette  county,  - 
John  A.  Rice,  Bourbon  county, 
Logan  Railey,  Woodford  county, 
O.  V.  Talbott,  Bourbon  county,  - 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 
1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 


48 


REPORT  OF  THE 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 

5 — Mare  three  years  and  under  four,     - 

Kate  Tilford, 

6 — (18)  Mare  two  years  and  under  three, 
By  Dills'  Highlander,  d.  Orange  Boy, 
4 — Cinderella,  Mare  one  year  and  under  two, 
By  Ball  Stocking,  d.  Copperbottom  Mare, 
7 — Mare  under  one  year  old, 

Ellen,  by   Denmark,  d.  Old  Shakspeare, 
13 — Gelding  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do.   - 

10 — (19)  Gelding  three  years  ana  under  four, 
By  Halcom,  dam  Scott's  Highlander, 
6 — Nannie,  Mare  4  years  old  and  upwards, 
without  regard  to  breeding,  - 
Mare  four  years  and  upwards,  - 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 
Henry  Hedges,  Bourbon  county,  -  1st  prem. 
B.  J.  Peters,  Montgomery  county,  -  2d  prem. 
Thomas  W.Lewis,  Clarke  county,  -  1st  prem. 
Henry  Nichols,  Harrison  county ,  -  2d  prem. 
William  Metcalfe,  Nicholas  county,  1st  prem. 
Samuel  Pryor,  Bourbon  county,  -  -  2d  prem. 
Benj.  Galbreath,  Harrison  county,  -  1st  prem. 
J.  B.  Johnson,  Fayette  county,  -  -  2d  prem. 
Silas  Evans,  Fayette  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Dr.  A.  H.  Pollock,  Bracken  county,-  2d  prem. 
Robert  Nutter,  Fayette  county,  -  -  1st  prem. 
Roy  S.  Cluke,  Bourbon  county,  -       -  2d  prem. 


Noah  Ferguson,  Fayette  county, 
Samuel  F.  Forman,  Mason  county, 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Best  Stallion  of  any 
do.  do. 


W.  T.  Hughes,  Fayette  county, 
G.  D.  Hunt,  Fayette  county,     - 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem  . 


1st  prem. 
2d  prem. 


CLASS  E.— MULES. 


3 — Horse  Mule  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do. 

3 — Horse  Mule  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

do.  do.  do.   - 

3 — Horse  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

4 — Horse  Mule  under  one  year  old, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

8 — Mare  Mule  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

do.  do.  do.  -  - 

7 — Mare  Mule  two  years  and  under  three,     - 

do.  do.  do.  - 

6~Mare  Mule  one  year  and  under  two, 

do.  do.  do. 

8 — Mare  mule  under  one  year  old, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

3 — Five  two  year  old  Mules, 

do.  do. 

4 — Pair  of  broke  Mules,        .-•-.•,. 

do.  do.     -        -  -        - 


B.  B. -Groom,  Clarke  county,    -  -  1st  prem. 

Boone  Railey,  Woodford  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Logan  Railey,  Woodford  county,  -  1st  prem. 

H.  W.  Rice,  Bourbon  county,    -  -  2d  prem. 

Muir  &  Chiles,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Joseph  Liter,  Fleming  county,  -  -  2d  prem. 

James  K  Thompson,  Fayette  county,  1st  prem. 

Andrew  Wilson,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Parker  Craig,  Lexington,          -  -  1st  prem. 

John  H.  Moore  &  Co.,  Clarke  co.  -  2d  prem. 

Muir  &  Chiles,  Fayette*  county,  -  1st  prem. 

T.  F.  Marr,  Scott  county,        *  -  -  2d  prem. 

Dory  Veal,  Fayette  county,       -  -  1st  prem. 

John  Thorn,  Fayette  county,     -  -  2d  prem. 

Wm.  G.  Hedges,  Harrison  county,  -  1st  prem. 

M.H.  Parker,  Fayette  county,  -  2d  prem 

B.  B.  Groom,  Clarke  county,     -  -  1st  prem. 

Same, 2d  prem. 

T.  F.  Marr,  Scott  county,          -  -  1st  prem. 

Parker  Craig,  Lexington,           -  -  2d  prem. 


CLASS  F.— ASSES. 


14 — Moro  Castle,  Jack,  4  years  and  upwards, 
Compromise,    ------ 

5 — Jack  three  years  and  under  four, 

By  Compromise,  dam   Old  Warrior, 
7 — (1)  Jack  two  years  and  under  three, 

By  Zach  Taylor,  dam  Black  Warrior, 
3 — (2)  Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Napoleon, 

10 — Jack  under  one  year,  by  imp.  Napoleon,  - 
By  Hannibal, dam  imported,    - 
8 — (3)  Jennet  four  years  old  and  upwards,    - 

do.  do.  do. 

3 — Jennet  three  years  and  under  four, 

do.  do.  do.  - 

3 — Castilla,  Jennet  two  years  and  under  three, 
do.  do.  - 


Thomas  H.  Lewis,  Clarke  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Isaac  Wright,  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem. 

N.  P.  Green,  Franklin  county,   -  -  1st  prem. 

Peter  Hedges,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 

James  Hull,  Bourbon  county,    -  -  1st  prem. 

R.  W.  Lowry,  Mercer  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Daniel  Talbott,  Bourbon  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Leland  Whaley,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 

James  McMillen,  Bourbon  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Sampson  D.  Talbott,  Bourbon  co.  -  2d  prem. 

J.  H.  Cooper,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 

T.  M.  Burford,  Mercer  count),  -  2d  prem. 

Harrison  Thomson,  Clarke  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Brutus  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  -  2d  prem. 

Joseph  Graves,  Fayette  county,  -  1st  prem. 

Horace  Hildreth,  Bourbon  county,  2d  prem. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


49 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered.  Names,  Residences,  and  Premiums. 

6 — l  vr.  and  under  2,  by  Comp.  d.  Span.  Jen.  Charles  D.  Talbott,  Bourbon  county,  1st  prem. 

Victoria,  B'ik-  Sampson,  d.   Tippecanoe,  Dudley  Tribble,  Madison  county,      -  '2d  prem. 
6 — (4)  Jennet  under  one  year  old,         -         -  G.  M.  Proctor,  Boyle  county,    -         -  1st  prem 

By  Compromise,  dam  Old  Warrior,  -  Peter  Hedges,  Bourbon  county,         -  2d  prem. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

12 — Compromise,  best   Jack   of  any  age,  by 

Black  Hawk,  dam  Maltese  Jennet,        -  Isaac  Wright,  Bourbon  county,       -         -  prem. 
10 — Victoria,  best  Jennet  of  any  age,  by  Black 

Sampson,  dam  by  Tippecanoe,      -         -  Dudley  Tribble,  Madison  county,  -        -  prem. 


CLASS  G.— POULTRY. 


1 — Turkies,  pair, 

2 — Muscovy  Ducks,  pair, 

3 — Poland  Ducks,  pair, 

I — Variety  of  Ducks,    • 

7 — Geese,  pair, 

1 — Shanghai  Chickens,  pair, 

2 — Cochin  China,  pair, 

2 — Dorking  Chickens,  pair,  - 

2 — Brahma  Pootra,  pair, 

1 — Variety  Chickens,  all  kinds, 


-  M.  Hutchison,  Bourbon  county,      -         -  prem 

-  Same,    -------  prem 

-  Same,     -------  prem 

-  Same,    -------  prem 

-  Same,    -------  prem 

-  Same, prem 

-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,   -         -  prem 

-  Martin  Hutchison,  Bourbon  county,         -  prem 

-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,.-         -  prem 

-  Martin  Hutchison,  Bourbon  county,         -  prem 


CLASS  H.— MECHANICAL. 
AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 


3 — Steam  Engine  for  Farm  use, 

4 — Reaping  Machine,    -         -         -         - 

2 — Mowing  Machine,    -         -         -         - 

6 — Threshing  Machine,  (comb'd  with  Sep'r 

5 — Horse  Power, 

4 — 'Corn  Crusher,  - 

3 — Hand  Corn  Sheller, 

1 — Power  Corn  Sheller, 

2— Wheat  Fan. 

6 — Straw  Cutting  Machine. 

1 — Four  Horse  Wagon, 

3 — Two  Horse  Wagon, 

1 — Horse  Cart,       ----- 

1 — Wheelbarrow,  ...         - 

10 — Two  Horse  Sod  Plow,     - 
21— Two  Horse  Stubble  Plow, 

3 — Two  Horse  Subsoil  Plow, 

7 — One  Horse  Plow,      - 

1 — Harrow,  ------ 

4 — Cultivator, 

1 — Hay  Rake,       - 

1— Mowing  Cradle. 

3— Wheat  Drill, 

2 — Corn  Planter,  ----- 

2 — Cattle  Scales, 

2 — Garden  Engine,       -..-'.-'•- 

1— Mill  for  Grinding  Flour  and  Meal,  - 

2 — Portable  Cider  Press, 

2 — Apparatus  for  Cooking  Stock  Feed, 

3 — Pump,      ...... 

2— Bee  Hive, 

1 — Earth  Scraper,  .         .         - 

2 — Variety  of  Agricultural  Implements, 


-  J.  A.  Humphries,  Woodford  county, 

-  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  Louisville, 

-  Warder,  Brockaw  &Co.,  Springfield,  0. 
)    Emery  &  Brother,  Albany,  N.  Y.  - 

-  F.  P.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  - 

-  Scott  &  Hedges,  Cincinnati,  - 

-  Miller,  Wingate  k  Co.,  Louisville, 

-  Scott  &  Hedges,  Cincinnati, 

-  J.  McKim  &  Co.,  Portland,  Ky.,    - 

-  J.  A.  Humphries,  Woodford  county, 

-  H.  F.  Cromwell,  Cynthiana,  - 

-  Same,    ------- 

-  Same,             --.... 
Same,    -         - 

-  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  Shelby  county,    - 
H.  F.  Cromwell,  Cynthiana,  - 

-  Same, 

-  T.  E   C.  Brinley,  Shelby  county,    - 

-  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  Louisville, 

-  Same,    ------- 

-  H.T.  &  J.  C.  Brent,  Paris,    - 

-  George  Rymel,  Bourbon  county,    - 

-  Warder,  Brockaw  &  Co.,  Springfield,  0. 

-  R.  B   Brown,  Jessamine  county,     - 

-  C.  W.  Wailey,  Lexington,     - 

-  Tyler,  Davidson  &  Co  ,  Cincinnati, 

-  Scott  &.  Hedges,  Cincinnati,  - 

-  Samuel  Males,  Cincinnati,     - 

-  Samuel  H.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  - 

-  Bedinger  &  McCormick,  Mason  county, 

-  Rev.  L.  L.  Langstraw,  Massachusetts,    - 
Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  Louisville, 

-  Same,    ...         -  . 


prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem, 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem. 

prem 

prem 


50 


REPORT  OF  THE 


SILVER  AND  OTHER    WARE,  &c. 
No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered.  Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 

-Silver  Ware,   -         -  -         -         -   E.  &  D.  Kinsey,  Cincinnati,  -         -         -  prem. 


1 — Tin  Ware, 


A.  Lee  &  Co.,  Paris, 


CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  &o. 


2 — Close  Carriage,  two  horse, 
1 — Open  Carriage,  one  horse, 
3-Buggy,  -         -         - 

3 — Set  Double  Harness, 
2 — Set  Single  Harness, 
2— Saddle  and  Bridle, 
1 — Traveling  Trunk, 


-  H.  F.  Cromwell,  Cynthiana, 

-  Same,    - 

-  H.  Kellogg,  Ohio, 

-  I.  C.  Shackleford  &  Co.,  Cincinnati, 

-  Same,    ----- 

-  Turtoy  &-  Eveleth,  Cynthiana, 

-  J.  H.  Werts,  Lexingcon, 


-  prem. 


-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 


CABINET,  CARPENTER,  AND  COOPER  WORK. 

-  Mayo  &  Hopkins,  Covington, 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Kelly  &  Foreman,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Same,    ------ 


1 — Mantlepiece,  .... 

1 — Door  Pattern,  .... 

1— Set  Edge  Took,      .... 

1 — Set  of  Planes,  - 

2 — Water  Cooler,  .... 

3 — Churn,     -------  Bedinger  &  McCormick,  Mason  county,  prem. 


-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 
prem. 


1 — Butter  Firkin, 


H.  T.&  J.  C.  Brent,  Paris, 


IRON  AND  IRON  CASTINGS. 


1 — Specimen  Bar  Iron, 

1 — Specimen  Hoop  Iron, 

1 — Specimen  Wrought  Iron, 

4— Keg  Nails, 

4 — Fancy  Castings, 

5 — Cooking  Range, 

3 — Parlor  Stove, 

1 — Grate  for  Coal,- 


1 — Double-barrel  Shot  Gun, 


-  H.  T.  &  J.  C.  Brent,  Paris,    - 

-  Same,    -         -         - 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Same,     ------ 

-  L.  McGill,  Paris,    -         -         -         - 

-  E.  Young,  Cincinnati,    - 

-  Kellv  &  Foreman,  Bourbon  county, 

-  L.  McGill,  Paris,    - 


prem. 


prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 


GUNS,  &c. 

-  George  M.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,     •  prem. 

HATS,  CAPS,  LEATHER,  BOOTS    AND  SHOES, 

2 — Silk  Hat, T.J.  Adams,  Georgetown,     -         -         -  prem. 

2 — Fur  Hat,  ------  Same,  ------  prem. 

1 — Wool  Hat,        ...-.-  Same,    -------  prem. 

1 — Cloth  Cap,        ------  Mrs.  James  Price,  Clarke  county,  -         -  prem. 

1 — Coarse  Shoes, James  Price,  Clarke  county,  -         -         -  prem. 


CLASS  I.— DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURES. 


OF  WOOL. 


4 — Ten  yards  Fine  Jeans,  home  made, 
4 — Ten  yards  Fine  Jeans,  factory  made, 
6 — Ten  yards  Negro  Jeans,  home  made, 
4 — Ten  yards  Negro  Jeans,  factory  made, 


-  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln  county,     -         -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  Thomas  J.Grimes,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 

-  D    R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln  county,     -         -  prem. 
P.  J.  Searmmd,  Bourbon  county,     -         -  prem. 


4 — Ten  yards  White  Linsey,  homemade,     -  Mrs  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 
7 — Ten  yards  Colored  Linsey,  home  made,  -  Same,  ------  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 


5 — Ten  yards  Plaid  Linsey,  home-made, 
2 — Ten  yards  Plaid  Linsey,  factory  made, 
6 — Ten  yards  Flannel,  home  made, 
3 — Pair  Blankets,  home  made, 
11 — Pair  Blankets,  factory  made,  - 

7 — Bed  Spread, 

5 — Ten  yards  Carpet,  home-made, 
3 — Ten  yards  Rag  Carpet,  home-made, 
1 — Hearth  Rug,  home  made, 
3 — Woolen  Shawl,        -        - 


-  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln  county,     - 

-  Mrs.  Howe,  Bourbon  county, 

-  James  Hutcucratt,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Mrs.  James  Price,  Clarke  county,  - 

-  Mrs  Michael  Netf,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs    Mary  Hughes,  Bourbon  county, 

-  D.  Penn,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs.  Wm.  Nunn,  Bourbon  county, 

-  James  Hutchcraft,  Bourbon  county, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


51 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 
5 — Woolen  Hose,  .... 

9— Woolen  Half  Hose, 
3 — Woolen  Gloves,       ...         - 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 
■  Mrs.  James  Henderson,  Fayette  county,  prem. 

-  Same,    -         - prem. 

-  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Gripies,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 


COTTON  AND  SILK. 

11 — White  Cotton  Counterpane,     -         -         -  Mrs.  Michj6aS*Nen°,  Bourbon  county,        -  prem. 
2 — Cotton  Hose,  -.-..•  ...  James  Hutchcralt,  Bourbon  county,         -  prem. 

3 — Cotton  Half  Hose, Mrs.  James  Price,  Clarke  county,  -         -  prem. 

1 — Three  ounces  Sewing  Silk,  home  made,  -  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 

6 — Handkerchief,  -  Same, prem. 

4 — Hose,  home  made, Same, prem. 


HEMP  AND  FLAX. 


6 — Ten  yards  Diaper, 
3 — Ten  yards  Flax  Linen,  home  made, 
3 — Ten  yards  Hemp  Linen,  home  made, 
3 — Ten  yards  Tow  Linen,  homemade, 
2 — One  pound  bleached  Sewing  Thread, 


3 — 0"e  pound  unbleached  Sewing  Thread,  -  Same, 

NEEDLEWORK,  &c 


-  Mrs.  Michael  Neff,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs.  George  Rymel,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln  county,     - 
Mrs.  George  Rymel,  Bourbon  county, 


9- 
3- 

10- 
2- 
9- 

7- 
8- 
7— 
3- 
2- 
8_ 
4- 
5- 


8— 

3- 
3- 
3- 

3- 
2- 
1- 


Silk  Patch  work  Quilt,    -         -         -         - 

Silk  Comfort,  ........ 

Worsted  Patch  work  Quilt, 

Worsted  Comfort,    - 

Calico  Patch  woik  Quilt,  -         - 

Calico  Patch  work  Quilt, 

White  Quilt,  solid  work, 

■Calico  Comfort,        .-.--. 

Suit  of  Clothes,  made  by  Tailor,     - 

Jeans  Coat,  made  by  Lady, 

Vest,  made  by  Lady,        - 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  Lady,  - 

Cotton  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  Lady, 

Fancy  Bonnet,  .'.-.'- 

Silk  Embroidery,      - 

Silk  Embroidery, 

Worsted  Embroidery,      - 

Worsted  Embroidery,      - 

Thread  Embroidery,         - 

Cotton  English  Work,      - 

Hemstitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,  - 

Knit  Chair  Tidy,      - 

Ornamental  Hair  Work, - 

Leather  Work, 


Mrs.  S.  M.  Murphy,  Bardstown,     - 
Miss  Martha  Clav,  Bourbon  county, 
Mrs.  L.  0.  Shackleford,  Shelbyville, 
Mrs.  George  Hancock,  Jefferson  coun 
Mrs.  Ben.  A.  Batterton,  Bourbon  co. 
Miss  Eliza  Case,  Bourbon  county, 
Mrs.  F.  E.  Peck,  Paris, 
Mrs.  B.  J    Clay,  Bourbon  county,   - 
John  H.  Werts,  Lexington,    - 
Mis.  James  H.  Price,  Clarke  county, 
Mrs.  L.  J.  Bradford,  Bracken  county, 
Mrs.  John  Barnhill,  Oldham  county, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Skinner,  Bourbon  county, 
Mrs   C.  R.  Pendery,  Cincinnati,     - 
Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  - 
Mrs.  J.  P.  Martin,  Cynthiana, 
Mrs.  B.  F.  Williams*  Paris,  - 
Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon  county, 
Mrs.  Dr.  E.  H.  Watson,  Frankfort, 
David  Denn,  Bourbon  county, 
Mrs    B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  - 
Mildred  A.  Gass,  Bourbon  county, 
Madam  Zwick,  Cincinnati, 
Mrs.  C.  L.  Sharrod,  Louisville, 


-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 


prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 


TOBACCO,  SALT,  &c. 


1 — Twenty  pounds  Tallow  Candles, 
2 — Ten  pounds  Soap,  home  made, 
4 — Five  pounds  Starch,  home  made, 


-  Mrs.  James  Price,  Clarke  county,  -         -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  R.  Hutchcraft,  Bourbon  county,     -  prern. 

-  Miss  Ann  M.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,      -  prem. 


CLASS  J.— FINE   ARTS. 


PAINTINGS,  &c. 


4 — Animal  Painting,  in  oil, 
3 — Animal  Painting  in  Water  Colors,  - 
3 — Landscape  in  Oil,     - 
7 — Landscape  in  Water  Colors,    - 
1 — Cattle  Drawing,       - 
3 — Fruit  Painting,         .... 
11 — Flower  Painting,      .... 


-  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford  county,      -  prem, 

-  J.  C.  Lemon,  Scott  county,     ...  prem. 

-  J.  C.  Elrod,  Lexington,  ...  prera. 

-  Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon  county,       -  prem. 

-  Miss  Margaret   V.  Bedford,  Bourbon  co.,  prem. 

-  Miss  Nancy  L.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 

-  Miss  Carrie  Fall,  Franklin  county,         -  prem. 


52 


REPORT  OF  THE 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 

4— Fancy  Painting,        -         -         - 
8 — Grecian  Painting,     - 
13 — Monochromatic  Painting, 
2 — Polychromatic  Painting,  - 
5 — Crayon  Drawing,      - 
1 — Indian  Ink  Drawing, 
2— Pencil  Drawing,       ...         - 
2 — Display  of  Daguerreotypes,     - 
2 — Display  of  Ambrotypes, 
1 — Display  of  Photographs, 
3 — Bust  of  Crittenden, 
Bust  of  Robertson, 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 

Miss  Carrie  A.  Moore,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 
Miss  A.  R.  Curtis,  Mason  county,  -  -  prem 

J.  C.  Lemon,  Scott  county,  -  -  -  prem. 
Miss  Nancy  L.  Bedford,  Bourbon  co.,  -  prem. 
Mrs.  C.  L.  Sharrod,  Louisville,  -  -  prem. 
Miss  Margaret  T.Bedford,  Bourbon  co,,  prem. 
Miss  Mary  E.  Bell,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 
J.  C.  Elrod,  Lexington,  -         -         -  prem. 

Same, prem. 

Same,    -------  prem. 

Jos.  A.  Humphreys,  Woodford  co.,  1st  prem. 
M.  Pruden,  Lexington,  -         -         -     2d  prem. 


1 — Piano, 


MUSICAL  INSTRUMENTS. 

-  Peters,  Cragg  &  Co.,  Louisville, 


-  prem. 


CLASS  K.— PRODUCTS  OF  THE  SOIL. 


9— One  bushel  of  Wheat,     - 
2— One  bushel  of  Oats, 
2 — One  bushel  of  Rye, 
2— One  bushel  of  Buckwheat, 
0 — Fifty  ears  Corn,  for  bread, 
17 — Fifty  ears  Corn,  for  stock, 
2— One" bushel  of  Hemp  Seed, 
2— One  bushel  of  Timothy  Seed, 
4— One  bushel  of  Blue  Grass  Seed, 
9 — Largest  Pumpkin,    - 


1 — Irish  Potatoes, 

3 — Sweet  Potatoes, 

1 — Sweet  Potatoes,  variety,  - 

5— Cabbage,  six  heads, 

5 — Tomatoes,  one  peck, 

1 — Turnips,  one  peck,  - 

4 — Parsnips,  one  peck,  - 

3 — Salsify,  one  peck,     - 

2 — Onions,  one  peck,    - 

4 — Beets  for  table,  one  peck, 

1 — Beets  for  stock,  one  bushel, 

3 — Lima  Beans,  half  peck,    - 

3 — Bunch  Beans,  half  peck, 

2 — Pepper,  half  peck,  - 

1 — Water  Melons,  half  dozen, 

1 — Musk  Melons,  half  dozen, 

6 — Squashes,  half  dozen, 


2 — Green  House  Flowers,  in  pots, 
1 — Twenty  four  Roses,  variety,    - 
2 — Verbenas,  greatest  variety, 
1 — Cut  Flowers,  greatest  variety, 
1 — Hand  Boouet  of  Hardy  Flowers, 


GRAINS,  &c. 

-  Samuel  Maddox,  Fayette  county.  -  -  prem. 

-  0.  H    Burbridge,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  Same,     -------  prem. 

D.  Penn,  Bourbon  county,       -         -  -  prem. 

-  Morris  Gas?,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  B.obert  P.  Kenney,  Fayette  county,  -  prem. 

-  0.  H.  Burbridge,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  Edward  Turner,  Fayette  county,     -  -  prem. 

-  Mary  Hughes,  Fayette  county,       -  -  prem. 

-  John  B.  Kennedy,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

GARDEN. 

-  John  Giltner,  Bourbon  county,        -  •  prem. 

-  Mrs.  A.  V.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  David  Penn,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  George  L.  Redman,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 
.  -  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  -  -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  W.  A.  Bacon,  Bourbon  county,  -   prem. 

-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,     -  -  prem. 

-  Same,    ------  prem. 

-  Same,    -------  prem. 

-  Master  J.  W.  Jamison,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 
■   Mrs.  Jame3  S.  Watson,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 

-  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  Bourbon  county,  -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  C.  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county,     -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  James  S.  Watson,  Bourbon  county,  prem. 

-  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  Bourbon  county,         -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  B.  C  Bedford,  Bouvbon  county,      -  prem. 

-  Mrs.  Mary  A.  Klizer,  Bourbon  county,    -  prem. 


FLOWERS. 

-  Mrs.  Noah  Spears,  Paris, 

-  Same,    - 

-  Same.     - 

-  Mrs.  Molly  McAboy,  Paris,    - 

-  Miss  Elizabeth  Hickman,  Paris, 


1 — Hand  Boquet  of  Green  House  Flowers,  Mrs.  H.  T.  Duncan,  Fayette  county, 

l_Floral  design  of  living  Flowers,       -         -  Same, 

1 — Best  Apple, A.  V.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county, 

1 — Free  Peaches, E.  P.  Turner,  Fayette  county, 

1 — Variety  of  Peaches,  ....  Same, 

l_Best  Peach, Same, 

5 — Quinces,  one  dozen,  -         -         -         -  P.  S.  Bush,  Covington,  - 

2 — Catawba  Grapes,  basket,        '  -         -         -  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  Bourbon  county, 


-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 

-  prem. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


53 


CLASS  L.—  FAMILY  PRODUCTS. 


DAIRY,  &c. 


No.  Entries,  and  Articles  Entered. 
-Butter,  five  pounds, 
-Cheese,  ten  pounds,  under  one  year, 
-Honey,  five  pounds, 
-Maple  Sugar,  ten  pounds, 
-Preserves,  three  kinds,     - 
-Pickles,  three  kinds, 
-Preserved  Fruit,  in  cans, 


Names,  Residence,  and  Premiums. 

-  Mrs.  Amanda  Clay,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,  -         - 

-  John  Giltner,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Ciay,  Bourbon  county,   • 

-  Mrs.  James  S.  Watson,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs.  Chas.  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,     ------- 


PANTRY,  &c. 


-Pound  Cake,    - 

-White  Cake,    - 

-Fruit  Cake,     - 

-Sponge  Cake,  - 

-Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread,     - 

-Two  Hams,  one  boiled  or  baked, 

-Dried  Beef,      -         -         - 

-Lard,  ten  pounds,     •         - 

-Kentucky  Wine,  six  bottles,     - 

-Cider,  six  bottles,    - 

-Barrel  of  Flour, 

-Barrel  of  Meal, 


-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,  - 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Same,    ------ 

-  Same,     -         - 

-  Mrs.  David  Harp,  Fayette  county, 

-  Mrs.  C.T.Garrard,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Same,     -  - 

-  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Thadeus  Smith,  Woodford  county, 

-  Mrs.  J.S.  Watson,  Bourbon  county, 

-  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon  county,    - 

-  David  Penn,  Bourbon  county, 


prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 


prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem. 
prem- 
prem. 
prem. 


DISCRETIONARY  PREMIUMS. 


-Improved  Kentucky  Sheep, 
Silk  Patch  work  Quilt,     - 
Silk  Patch  work  Quilt,     • 
Worsted  Patch  work  Quilt, 
White  Quilt,  solid  work, 
Silk  Embroidery, 
Chenile  Embroidery, 
Worsted  Embroidery, 
Pants,  made  by  a  girl, 
Crochet  Quilt, 

Embroidered  Child's  Cloak,  - 
American  Silver  Plated  Ware, 
Cut  Glass,  .... 
Pressed  Glass, 

Variety  of  Plows,     -         -         - 
Kentucky  Wine, 
Combined  Mower  and  Reaper, 
Card  Press,  &c., 
Writing  Fluid, 

Counter  and  Platform  Scales,  - 
Self  Raking  Reaper, 
Tool  Chests  and  Garden  Tools, 
Patent  Soda  Fountain, 
Portable  Fence, 
Mattrass,  .... 

Kershaw,  - 

Dynamometer, 


Robert  W.  Scott,  Franklin  county,         -  prem. 
Miss  Ellen  Peck,  14  years  old,  Bourbon,  prem. 
Mrs.  W.  T.  Curry,  Harrodsburg.    -         -  prem. 
Mrs.  S.  C.  Laughlin,  Bath  county,  -  prem. 

Mrs.  Mary  M.  Bench,  Harrison  county,  prem. 
Mrs.  J.  P.  Martin,  Cynthiana,         -         -  prem. 
Mrs.  W.  R.  Hynes,  Harrodsburg,  -         -  prem, 
Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon  county,       -  prem. 
Miss  C.  J.  Bradford,  Augusta,     .    -         -  prem. 
Mrs.  Johnson,  Texas,     -         -         -         -  prem. 

Miss  E.  C.  Johnson,  Mercer  county,       -  prem. 
E.  &  D.  Kinsey,  Cincinnati.  -  -  prem. 

T.Sweeney  &  Son,  Wheeling,  Va  ,         -  prem. 
Same,    -------  prem. 

P.  S.  Bush,  Covington,  -         -         -         -  prem. 

G.  M.  Bedford,  Bourbon  county,  -  -  prem. 
Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  Louisville,  -  prem. 
Wm.  R.  Lamphear,  Cincinnati,  -  -  prem. 
Butler  &,  Parr,  Cincinnati,  •  -  -  prem. 
E.  &  T.  Fairbanks  &  Co.,  St.  Johnsberry,  prem. 
Warder,  Brockaw  &Co.,  Springfield,  0.,  prem. 
Tyler,  Davidson  &  Co.,  Cincinnati,  -  prem. 

Alex.  Frankenburg,  Columbus,  Ohio,  -  prem. 
J.  Rowe,  Hillsboro  county,  Fla.,  -  -  prem. 
George  White,  Madison  county,  -  -  prem. 
Mrs.  Margaret  T.  Bedford,  Bourbon  CO.,  prem. 
John  L.  Gill,  Columbus,  Ohio,       -         -  prem. 


54  REPORT  OF  THE 


PREMIUMS  FOR  ESSAYS,  AND  ON  HEMP  AND  TOBACCO. 


If  not  being  practicable  to  make  awards  on  these  subjects  at  the 
time  of  the  Fair,  the  following  awards  were  subsequently  made,  as 
appears  by  the  following  Report  of  the  Corresponding  Secretary  : 

KENTUCKY   STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Agricultural  Room,  Frankfort,  Ky.,         ) 
May  21st,  1857.     \ 
CLASS  M— PRIZE  ESSAYS. 
After  deliberate  and  protracted  examination,  the  various  committees  have  returned  the  fol- 
lowing awards  as  to  all  the  essays  which  were  entered  for  premiums  in  1856: 

On  Breeding  Stock  of  any  kind,  to  Albert  Allen,  of  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  first  premium, 
.$20;  Robert  J.  Breckinridge,  D.  D  ,  of  Fayette  county,  second  premium,  $10. 

On  Crops  and  Staples,  to  Richard  J.  Spurr,  of  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  first  premium,  $20. 
On  the  Cultivation  of  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind,  to  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  D.  D.,  of  Fayette 
county,  Ky.,  first  premium,  $20. 

On  Soils,  &,c,  to  David  Dale  Owen,  of  New  Harmony,  Indiana,  first  premium,  $20. 
On  the  cultivation  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky,  to  Arthur  Peter,    of  Louisville, 
Kyy.,  first  prem,  $20. 

On  the  Use  and  Assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agriculture,  to  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  D.  D.,  of 
Fayette  county,  Ky.,  first  premium,  $20. 

CLASS  J.— DESIGNS. 
For  the  best  Design  of  a  Poultry  House,  to  Oliver  Albertson,  of  Washington  county,  la., 
premium,  $5. 

No  other  awards  of  premiums  were  made  for  designs. 

CLASS  K— TOBACCO. 

The  following  awards  were  made  by  the  respective  committees,  at  the  exhibition  in  Louis- 
ville on  the  21st  of  May,  1857,  in  accordance  with  previous  arrangements,  of  which  due  notice 
had  been  given  : 

For  the  best  Sample  of  one  Hogshead  of  Leaf  Tobacco,  to  be  entered  by  the  producer — 
three  entries — to  W.  Owen,  of  ,  premium,  $25. 

For  the  best  Sample  of  one  Hogshead  of  Leaf  Tobacco,  for  shipping,  entered  by  producer — 
three  entries — to  W.  Wood,  of ,  premium,  $25. 

For  the  best  Sample  of  one  Hogshead  of  Leaf  Tobacco,  for  manufacturing,  entered  by  pro- 
ducer— four  entries — to  Lewis  Van  Kapt,  of  ,  premium,  $25. 

For  the  best  Sample  of  one  Hogshead  of  Leaf  Tobacco,  for  cigars,  entered  by  producer — 
three  entries — to  John  Murray,  of  ,  premium,  $25. 

CLAbS  K— HEMP   AND  FLAX. 
The  exhibition  for  premiums  on  Hemp  and  Flax  was  held  in  Lexington  on  the  same  day, 
in  pursuance  of  previous  notice  and  arrangement,  and  the  following  awards  were  made  : 
For  the  best  specimen  of  Water  rotted  Hemp,  to  W.  F.  Harper,  of  Woodford,  premium. 
For  the  best  specimen  of  Dew-rotted  Hemp,  to  Edward  Allen,  of  Fayette,  premium. 
For  best  specimen  of  Flax,  to  James  Hutchcraft,  of  Bourbon,  premium. 

These  premiums,  thus  awarded,  have  been  all  conferred,  and  satis- 
factorily accepted  by  the  parties  entitled  to  them. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  55 

Correct  and  impartial  information  as  to  the  success  of  this  first 
Kentucky  State  Fair,  and  of  its  favorable  effect  and  general  utility, 
cannot  be  given  better  than  by  the  publication  of  the  following  notices 
of  it,  in  various  publications,  at  that  time  : 

FIRST  KENTUCKY  STATE  FAIR. 

The  Premium  List  for  the  First  Annual  Exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  So- 
ciety, which  is  to  be  held  in  the  First  district,  near  Paris,  from  the  3<th  September  to  the  4th 
of  October  next,  is  in  type  for  publication  in  the  next  issue  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal. 

This  list  at  once  attests  both  the  liberality  and  the  intelligence  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  State  Society.  It  is  very  comprehensive  as  to  the  articles  and  animals  which  are  invited 
to  be  presented  in  competition  for  premiums,  and  shows  that,  as  an  inducement  for  present- 
ing them,  the  Directory  offers  more  in  the  shape  of  prizes  than  the  entire  sum  appropriated 
by  the  State  Legislature,  in  aid  of  the  useful  and  patriotic  objects  of  the  Association. 

The  aggregate  amount  of  the  premiums  is  $5,164,  distributed  as  follows,  viz  :  Live  Stock, 
$3,330;  embracing  bulls,  cows  and  heifers,  fat  cattle,  work  oxen,  milch  cows,  long  wool  sheep, 
fat  sheep,  middle  wool  sheep,  Saxon  or  Merino  sheep,  boars,  sows,  fat  hogs,  thorougb-bred  horses, 
dratt  horses,  fine  horses  for  all  work,  harness  horses,  saddle  horses,  mules,  jacks,  and  jennets. 
Specimens  of  Mechanical  Sk  ill,  $fiQ0;  embracing  agricultural  implements,  carriages,  buggies,  har- 
ness, trunks,  cabinet  work,  carpentry,  cooper's  work,  silver  and  other  ware,  stone  and  marble 
work,  printing  and  binding,  iron  and  iron  castings,  guns,  hats  and  caps,  leather,  boots  and  shoes. 
Domestic  Manufactures,  $4i>5;  embracing  fabrics  of  wool,  of  cotton,  of  silk,  of  hemp,  flax,  and  of 
tobacco,  salt,  tallow,  lard,  etc.,  with  specimens  of  needle  work,  quilts,  clothes,  etc.  Poultry,  $28; 
embracing  turkeys,  ducks,  geese,  and  chickens.  Family  Products,  $59;  embracing  the  works  and 
the  contents  of  the  dairy  and  the  pantry  generally.  Fine  Arts,  $191;  embracing  various  descrip- 
tions of  drawings  and  painting,  with  designs  in  rural  architecture,  and  musical  instruments. 
Products  of  the  Soil,  $251;  embracing  grains  and  seeds,  hemp  and  flax,  tobacco,  potatoes, 
beans,  and  other  articles  of  the  garden,  productions  of  the  orchard,  and  displays  of  flowers. 
Agricultural  Literature,  $300;  embracing  essays  on  all  subjects  of  interest  to  the  farmer,  the 
gardener,  the  orchardist,  and  the  stock  raiser.  Such  awards  as  the  Board  of  Directors  may 
deem  best,  will  also  be  made,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  judges,  for  specimens  of  Natural 
Material;  embracing  fossils,  minerals  of  this  State  generally,  useful  woods  and  plants  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  suits  in  the  animal  kingdom,  including  insects  and  animals  injurious  to  the  farm. 

These  premiums,  with  the  exception  of  such  as  are  offered  for  products  of  the  farm  and 
garden,  are,  as  they  ought  to  be,  "open  to  the  world."  All  of  the  Western  World,  it  is  to  be 
hoped,  will  compete  for  them,  and  as  much  of  the  Eastern  World  as  is  willing  to  entrust  its 
best  live  stock,  and  its  highest  manufactural  skill,  to  the  "tender  mercies"  of  long  railroad 
trains.  Our  Northern  and  Eastern  friends  may  with  propriety  be  informed  now, — and  perhaps 
the  same  thing  had  as  well  be  said  to  our  Southern  and  Western  friends — that  although  Bour 
bon  county  is  a  little  place,  it  has  a  big  heart,  and  that  Fayette  adjoins  it  along  the  railroad 
on  one  side  and  Harrison  on  another. 

Many  persons,  both  at  home  and  abroad,  will  be  pleased  to  know  that  Governor  Morehead 
will  deliver  the  Annual  Address,  at  12  o'clock,  on  the  second  day  of  the  Fair. 

[  Western  Farm  Journal. 


THE  FAIRS  OF  1856. 

FIRST    ANNUAL    FAIR    OF    THE    KENTUCKY    STATE    AGRICULTURAL    SOCIETY. 

The  first  exhibition  of  live  stock,  farm  implements,  agricultural  machinery,  field  crops,  do- 
mestic manufactures,  etc.,  etc.,  by  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  took  place  at  the 
Fair  Grounds  of  the  Bourbon  County  Association,  near  Paris,  last  week — opening  on  Tuesday 
morning,  September  30th,  and  continuing  till  Saturday  evening,  October  4th.  Very  extensive 
preparations  had  been  made  for  the  occasion,  by  both  the  Directors  of  the  Society  and  the  citi- 
zens of  Paris  and  vicinity,  and  the  entire  exhibition  proved  an  eminent  success.  Although 
the  attendance  was  not  so  large  on  the  first  and  second  days  as  had  been  anticipated,  owing  to 
extremely  disagreeable  and  unseasonable  weather — the  sky  and  the  temperature  being  more 
like  the  last  of  November  than  the  first  of  October — yet,  with  warmer  airs  and  recurring  sun- 
shine on  the  third  day,  the  amphitheatre,  the  halls,  and  the  spacious  grounds  all  filled  up,  and 
so  continued  to  the  close. 

We  have  attended  no  previous  Agricultural  Fair,  the  arrangements  of  which  were  so  com- 
plete as  they  were  at  this;  nor  have  we  ever  been  present  on  any  similar  occasion,  when  the 
arrangements  were  more  pefectly  carried  out.  Everything  within  the  amphitheatre  moved  on 
with  the  regularity  and  precision  of  the  agricultural  machinery  at  work  without,  and  conse- 
quently there  was  no  confusion,  no  clashing,  very  little  delay  at  any  point,  and  much  less  dis- 
satisfaction manifested  by  unsuccessful  competitors  than  we  have  witnessed  at  any  previ 
ous  fair.     And  all  this,  notwithstanding   the  great  extent  of  the  exhibition,  and  the  unusual 


56  REPORT  OF  THE 

number  of  animals  and  articles  brought  before  the  public  and  the  judges.  For  such  ample  and 
perfect  arrangements  the  Society  has  been  placed  under  lasting  obligations  to  the  resident  Ex- 
ecutive Committee,  and  for  the  harmony  that  attended  the  exhibition  throughout,  and  the  satis 
faction  so  universally  given,  all  persons  interested  are  indebted  to  the  cordial  co  operation  of 
the  different  members  of  the  Directory,  (all  of  whom  were  present  but  three)  every  day,  and 
at  all  stages  of  the  proceedings.  Without  being  at  all  invidious,  we  may  refer  by  name  to 
Brutus  J.  Clay  and  Wm.  C.  Lyle,  Esqrs.,  the  President  and  the  Recording  Secretary,  as  gen- 
tlemen who,  in  initiating  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  devoted  time  and  rendered 
services  that  shouid  never  be  forgotten. 

The  grounds,  the  amphitheatre,  the  floral  hall,  and  their  accessories,  have  been  so  well  de- 
scribed in  our  columns  already,  as  to  render  anything  like  a  minute  account  of  them  unneces- 
sary here.  It  will  be  enough  to  say  that  they  were  found  to  be  sufficient  in  every  respect,  both 
in  kind  and  in  degree,  for  the  great  occasion  which  was  to  test  their  capacity  and  fitness.  Yet, 
a  word  more  may  be  spoken,  by  way  of  tribute  to  the  taste  and  judgment  that  decorated  and 
arranged  the  Floral  Hall,  which  at  times  more  than  divided  interest  with  the  exhibitions  with- 
in the  amphitheatre,  attractive  as  they  almost  uniformly  were.  The  imposing  shaft  that  up- 
holds the  centre  of  the  circular  roof,  with  the  supports  branching  to  the  rafters  from  its  supe- 
rior part,  were  all  finely  decorated  with  twining  evergreens.  At  the  base  of  this  shaft,  which 
formed  its  centre,  was  the  large  pyramid  for  flowers,  which  was  well  filled  for  the  season. 
Within  the  broad  area  around  this  were  two  large  temples  of  moss,- finely  constructed.  Di- 
viding this  area  from  the  main  ground  promenade  was  the  circular  counter  for  show  cases, 
geological  specimens,  statuary,  &c,  and  on  the  outer  side  of  the  promenade,  skirting  the 
entire  circle  of  the  hall,  were  the  tables  for  vegetables,  fruits,  dairy  products,  pantry  articles, 
samples  of  grain,  &c.  &c  Immediately  above  these  taOles,  at  short  distances  apart,  circling 
the  entire  hall  as  a  historical  necklace,  hung  portraits  of  the  early  pioneers,  heroes,  statesmen, 
jurists,  and  other  benefactors  of  Kentucky — forming  one  of  the  most  appropriate  and  interest- 
ing features  of  the  whole  exhibition.  And  on  the  right  of  the  entrance  to  this  charmed  circle 
6tood  Hart's  fine  bust  of  Mr.  Crittenden,  (the  property  of' Joseph  A.  Humphreys,  Esq.,  of 
Woodford  county,)  a  link  uniting  the  past  and  the  present. 

By  several  easy  flights  of  stairs,  ascent  was  had  to  the  second  story  of  the  hall,  where  was 
deposited  the  richest  and  most  varied  array  of  articles  of  domestic  manufacture  that  we  have 
ever  beheld  together — articles  attesting  at  once  the  taste,  the  skill,  the  judgment,  and  the  in- 
dustry of  that  most  beautiful  of  all  institutions,  .the  family  circle.  Mingled  here  and  there 
with  the  works  of  to  day  and  yesterday,  were  productions  of  the  mothers  of  Kentucky  forty 
years  ago — the  matrons  of  1816  manifesting,  it  is  but  justice  to  say,  equal  skill  and  greater 
solidity  than  those  of  '56.  In  this  department  were  some  superb  specimens  of  needle  work, 
one  of  which,  at  least,  we  think,  has  never  been  surpassed.  Here  were  also  several  most  ad- 
mirable oil  paintings  of  cattle,  the  property  of  R.  A  Alexander,  Esq  ,  of  Woodford  county, 
with  some  creditable  specimens  of  cattle  portraiture  in  water  colors.  And  not  far  from  these 
stood  a  very  superior  Louis  Fourteenth  Piano,  from  the  establishment  of  Peters,  Cragg  &  Co., 
of  Louisville,  to  which  the  lady  judges  would  have  awarded  half  a  dozen  premiums  had  it 
been  proper  to  do  so. 

But  must  we  refer  to  the  list  of  premiums,  which  will  be  published  complete  in  the  next  issue 
of  the  Farm  Journal,  for  a  more  perfect  idea  of  the  variety  and  excellence  of  this  part  of  the  first 
exhibition  of  the  State  Society  We  should  find  the  space  which  we  usually  allot  to  editorial 
matter  all  filled  up,  were  we  to  attempt  anything  like  a  distinct  mention  of  even  the  best  speci- 
mens of  quilts,  counterpanes,  blankets,  hose,  shawls,  linseys,  hats,  caps,  bonnets,  cloaks,  whole 
garments,  &c,  of  home  manufacture,  which,  in  the  Floral  Hall,  bore  witness  to  the  good  taste 
and  good  sense  of  the  ladies  of  Kentucky.  The  premium  list  will  show  how  vast  was  the  va- 
riety of  articles  on  exhibition  here,  as  well  as  how  numerous  were  the  articles  entered  in  com- 
petition for  some  of  the  prizes. 

The  large  shed  erected  for  the  display  of  farm  implements,  agricultural  machinery,  and 
wheeled  vehicles,  etc.,  was  not  sufficient  to  cover  one-quarter  of  the  articles  on  exhibition  in 
this  department.  New  York  and  Ohio  competed  with  Kentucky  here,  the  latter  State  very 
strongly,  but  a  very  fair  share  of  the  awards  was  in  favor  of  the  skill  and  workmanship  of  our 
own  mechanics  and  manufacturers.  Among  reapers  and  mowers,  of  which  quite  a  number 
were  on  the  ground,  we  were  gratified  to  see  the  Kentucky  Harvester  bear  off  the  blue  ribbon. 
Our  neighbors,  Miller,  Win^ate  &  Co.,  also  took  premiums  on  their  corn  sheller,  on  a  folding 
harrow,  and  on  the  best  display  of  agricultural  implements  of  their  own  manufacture.  A 
steam  power,  for  farm  purposes,  which  Joseph  A.  Humphreys,  of  Woodford,  has  been  using 
the  past  season  or  two,  took  the  premium  against  a  very  good  article  of  the  same  description 
from  Ohio.  Sinclair's  stalk  and  straw  cutter  (operated  on  the  ground  by  Mr.  Humphrey's 
steam  power,)  cut  so  well  as  to  cut  Sanford's  straw  cutter  out  of  a  premium  offered  for  an 
article  of  this  description;  and  better  praise  than  this  could  hardly  be  awarded  to  any  instiu 
ment  for  cutting  stock  feed.  Emery's  combined  thresher  and  separator,  from  Albany,  N.  Y., 
took  the  premium  from  several  long  tried  threshers  and  separators,  much  to  the  surprise  of  a 
good  many  lookers  on.  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  of  Shelby  county,  and  H.  F.  Cromwell,  of  Cynthi- 
ana,  took  premiums  for  plows.  In  this  article  there  was  a  fine  show,  and  strong  competition. 
A  combination   plow,  patented  to  John  L.  Gill,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  for  either  sod  or  stubble, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  57 

struck  us  as  favorably  as  any  plow  we  have  ever  examined.  It  looked  well  on  the  grounds, 
and  afterwards  we  saw  it  work  well  in  the  field.  It  has  great  capacity  for  work,  will  manifest- 
ly wear  well,  and  we  think  would  be  a  decided  acquisition  to  the  farm  implements  of  Ken- 
tucky. Among  some  of  the  largest  and  best  farmers  of  Ohio,  it  is  preferred  to  aDy  other 
plow  in  use,  for  either  sod  or  stubble.  There  were  several  steaming  apparatuses  on  the 
ground,  all  well  adapted  for  cooking  stock  feed.  The  premium  was  taken  by  Samuel  H.  Clay, 
of  Bourbon,  for  a  cauldron,  of  which  we  shall  give  some  account  hereafter.  It,  or  some  other 
cooking  apparatus,  should  be  in  use  on  every  farm  where  there  is  even  a  score  of  stock  to  feed. 
Harrison  county  carried  off  the  honors  in  carriage  manufacture.  The  carriages  and  buggies 
exhibited  were  really  superb,  an  honor  to  the  manufactural  skill  of  the  State.  Scott  &  Hedges, 
of  Cincinnati,  and  Warder,  Brockaw  &  Child,  of  Springfield,  Ohio,  were  exceedingly  well  re 
presented  by  their  excellent  and  well  known  articles  of  agricultural  machinery,  and  shared  in 
the  prizes  awarded  in  that  department.  But  again  we  must  refer  to  the  premium  list — not 
yet  having  enumerated  a  tithe  of  the  articles  worthy  of  special  mention.  To  our  Ohio  neigh- 
bors, the  State  Society  is  much  indebted  for  the  assistance  they  afforded  in  rendering  this  de- 
partment of  the  exhibition  interesting  and  valuable.  Nothing  like  it  was  ever  before  seen  in 
Kentucky.  And  fortunately  for  our  farmers,  many  of  the  best  of  them  were  present,  and  ex- 
amined with  much  care  the  machinery  which  mechanical  genius,  in  their  own  and  in  other 
States,  has  produced  and  laid  at  their  very  doors,  to  aid  them  in  the  noble  employment  of  cul- 
tivating the  earth. 

The  show  of  live  stock  was  really  magnificent.  It  has  never  been  equalled  in  Kentucky. 
And  prominent  stock  raisers  present  from  other  States,  who  have  been  in  attendance  upon 
cattle  shows  in  England  as  well  as  this  country,  universally  expressed  their  belief  that  an  ex- 
hibition of  cattle,  of  the  different  classes,  superior  to  that  witnessed  by  them  on  the  first  day 
of  the  Kentucky  State  Fair,  has  Dever  been  made  in  any  part  of  the. world.  The  first  day  was 
devoted  to  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs;  the  second  to  blood  and  draft  horses;  the  third  to  fine 
horses  and  mules;  the  fourth  to  harness  horses  and  poultry;  the  fifth  to  saddle  horses,  sweep- 
stakes, and  asses. 

Upon  every  day  but  the  second,  the  exhibition  was  all  that  could  have  been  desired.  We 
have  seen  better  shows  of  draft  horses,  and  far  better  of  biooded  horses,  in  Kentucky,  many 
times  before.  But  in  nearly  every  other  description  of  stock,  the  first  exhibition  of  the  State 
Fair  was  the  best  that  ever  has  been  made  in  Kentucky.  The  jack  stock  was  numerous,  and 
struck  every  one  as  being  very  fine.  Some  of  the  rings  of  mules  eclipsed  everything  of  the 
kind  that  we  had  ever  before  seen  or  heard  of.  In  fine  horses,  of  the  different  classes,  quite 
a  number  of  the  rings  were  absolutely  magnificent.  The  sweepstakes  of  premium  animals, 
upon  either  day  but  the  second,  would,  we  presume,  have  been  difficult  to  beat  anywhere. 
Some  good  sheep  were  shown,  a  family  of  Maltese  goats,  belonging  to  Robert  W.  Scott,  Esq., 
of  Franklin  county,  and  several  lots  of  swine  that  no  country  has  surpassed.  For  the  number 
of  entries  in  the  various  classes  of  different  animals,  we  are  again  compelled  to  refer  to  the 
forthcoming  premium  list. 

At  the  close  of  the  third,  fourth  and  fifth  days,  a  grand  cavalcade  of  all  the  premium  horses, 
cattle  and  mules,  was  formed  upon  the  grounds,  and  entering  the  amphitheatre,  marched  sev- 
eral times  around  the  ring.  This  was  one  of  the  most  imposing  sights,  as  well  as  one  of  the 
most  interesting  incidents  of  the  entire  exhibition. 

The  address  of  Governor  Morehead,  according  to  announcement,  was  delivered  at  noon  of 
the  second  day.  It  was  highly  appropriate,  scholarly,  and  able — rising  at  times  into  the  re- 
gion of  true  eloquence,  and  clothing  the  most  patriotic  sentiments  with  the  most  beautiful 
language.  The  orator  displayed  excellent  judgment  in  the  choice  of  his  themes,  and  evinced 
the  most  refined  taste  in  their  discussion.  When  published,  this  effort  cannot  fail  to  add  to 
the  already  exalted  reputation  of  its  author. 

Numerous  as  was  the  attendance  at  the  Fair,  all  were  amply  provided  for.  The  hospitali- 
ties of  the  citizens  of  Paris  and  its  vicinity,  though  often  called  into  exercise,  seem  to  rise 
higher  and  spread  broader  with  every  new  occasion.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  bountifulness 
of  the  provision  made  for  their  guests,  or  the  gracefulness  with  which  it  was  dispensed.  To 
the  ladies,  especially,  upon  whom  the  chief  burthen  falls  on  such  occasions,  are  due  the 
thanks  of  the  thousands  from  distant  States,  and  distant  parts  of  our  own  State,  who  were  the 
recipients  of  their  hospitalities. 

Quite  a  large  number  of  prominent  stock  breeders  in  other  States  were  present  at  the  ex- 
hibition, Irorn  its  opening  till  near  its  close — making  observations,  and  expressing  themselves 
as  much  surprised  as  thev  were  delighted.  Among  them  we  remember  Messrs.  Morris,  Al- 
len, Sherwood,  Wadsworth,  Chapman,  and  Thorne,  of  New  York;  Messrs.  Stienberger,  Ren- 
nicks,  Bell,  Walker,  and  Cunningham,  of  Virginia;  and  Messrs.  Watts,  Millikin,  Dodge,  Ful- 
lington,  Melendy,  and  others,  of  Ohio. 

The  Premium  List,  the  Address  of  Governor  Morehead,  and  Proceedings  of  the  Board  of 
Directors,  will  be  published  in  the  next  number  of  the  Farm  Journal. —  Western  Farm  Journal. 


KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURE. 
The  Farmers  of  Kentucky  do  many  things  up  just  about   right.     They   have  established  a 
State  Agricultural  Society  some  two  or  three  months  ago,  in  aid  of  which  the  General  Assem- 
bly appropriated  $10,000,  to  be  expended  the  present  and   coming  season.     For  Agricultural 


58  REPORT  OF  THE 

purposes,  the  Legislature  divided  the  State  into  three  districts,  in  which  the  Annual  Fairs  of 
the  Society  are  to  be  held  in  rotation.  The  County  Societies  are  to  become  tributary  to  the 
State  Society — making  reports  to  it,  and  it  making  reports  to  the  General  Assembly.  The 
more  useful  and  practical  portions  of  the  matter  thus  collected,  are  to  be  segregated  from  the 
main  body  of  the  various  reports,  carefully  edited,  and  published  annually  in  a  handsome 
volume  of  convenient  size. 

The  first  annual  exhibition  of  the  State  Society  is  to  be  held  in  Bourbon  county,  near  Paris, 
the  first  week  in  October  next.  It  commences,  indeed,  on  Tuesday  morning,  the  30th  day  of 
September,  and  continues  till  Saturday  evening,  the  4th  of  October.  We  have  received  a 
copy  of  the  Premium  List,  which  is  an  exceedingly  comprehensive  one,  and  liberal  in  the  size 
and  number  of  the  Prizes  offered,  and  also  in  the  fact  that  competition  is  open  to  all  the 
world,  except  in  so  far  as  relates  to  premiums  offered  for  products  of  the  farm  and  the  garden. 
The  aggregate  of  prizes  to  be  paid,  counts  up  to  more  than  $5.000 — of  which  sum  all  but 
about  .$250  is  open  to  the  competition  of  all  neighboring  States — of  "all  the  world,"  indeed, 
and  "the  rest  of  mankind,"  if  they  choose  to  present  themselves. 

Among  the  items  of  the  Premium  List,  we  observe  that  prizes  reaching  in  the  aggregate  to 
the  sum  of  nearly  $3,500,  are  to  be  paid  upon  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  and  other  live  stock.  Our 
neighbors  of  Warren,  Clark,  Clinton.  Madison,  and  Ross  counties,  will  have  a  fine  opportunity 
by  means  of  the  Covington  and  Lexington  Railroad,  to  compete  with  the  brag  stock  of  Ken- 
tucky for  some  of  the  silver  pitchers  and  cups.  We  hope  they  will  embrace  this  opportunity, 
for  we  know  something  of  the  history  and  characters  of  their  best  animals,  and  have  not  the 
slightest  idea  that  they  need  be  ;n  the  least  afraid.  We  see  that  the  name  of  our  enterpris- 
ing fellow  citizen,  Mr.  Robert  G.  Corwin,  of  Warren  county,  (whose  herd  contains  some  of 
the  best  importations  from  England  and  Scotland,)  stands  at  the  head  of  the  list  of  judges  of 
"  full  blood"  and  "  thoroughbred"  bulls,  cows,  and  heifers.  Among  judges  in  other  classes  of 
cattle,  are  Dr.  A.  Watts,  of  Ross  county,  Alexander  Weddle,  of  Clark  county,  and  Robinson 
Florence,  of  Fayette  county;  a  very  fair  and  excellent  selection  from  Ohio.  Among  judges  of 
horses,  too,  in  the  different  classes,  are  the  following  gentlemen  from  this  State:  George 
Crane,  Cincinnati;  Andrew  Fulton,  Ripley;  Wm.  H.  Ladd,  Richmond,  and  Peter  Melendy, 
Mount  Healthy.  Furthermore,  Mr.  Butterfield,  of  this  city,  is  among  the  judges  of  carriages, 
buggies,  &c;  Wm.  Dodd  is  among  the  judges  of  hats,  caps,  &c  ;  A.  H.  Ernst  and  Dr.  J.  A. 
Warder,  are  among  the  judges  of  flowers;  and  our  staid  old  fellow  citizens,  N.  Longworth 
and  Robert  Buchanan,  are  among  the  judges  of  Kentuckv  wine,  crab  cider,  roast  ham,  Bour- 
bon pound  cake,  and  sundry  other  good  and  substantial  things.     Happy  gentlemen  ! 

Among  the  great  variety  of  premiums  which  we  have  not  particularized,  are  several  for 
Essays  in  Agricultural  Literature,  amounting  in  the  aggregate  to  1300.  The  fine  arts  are 
represented  in  the  list  also,  and  premiums,  aggregating  about  $200,  offered  for  paintings, 
crayons  and  drawings,  and  designs  in  rural  architecture. 

All  this  shows  a  liberal  spirit,  and  sound  judgment.  There  is  hardly  any  thing  in  the  fields 
of  mechanical  skill  and  agricultural  industry  and  enterprise,  which  is  not  embraced  in  the 
comprehensive  Premium  List,  of  which  our  abstract,  long  as  it  is,  presents  but  a  faint  reflec- 
tion. The  Fair  will  doubtless  be  one  of  the  grandest  ever  held  on  this  continent,  and  thou- 
sands of  our  citizens  will  in  all  probability  make  their  arrangements  to  attend  it. 

A  new  Agricultural  Journal,  of  the  largest  size  and  most  comprehensive  scope,  we  observe 
is  soon  to  be  started  in  Kentucky,  under  the  auspices  of  the  State  Society,  whose  organ  it  is  to 
be.  At  the  head  of  this,  we  understand,  is  to  be  placed  our  former  fellow  citizen  W.  D.  Gal- 
lagher— the  Board  of  Directors  having  selected  him  for  the  post  of  Editor.  The  publishers 
are  to  be  James  P.  Hull  &  Co.,  of  Louisville. 

The  President  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  is  Mr.  Brutus  J.  Clay,  of  Bour- 
bon county,  and  the  Corresponding  Secietary  is  Mr.  Robert  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin  county — 
two  of  the  best  men  and  best  farmers  in  the  country. — Cincinnati  Ohio  Paper. 


KENTUCKY    STATE    AGRICULTURAL    SOCIETY. 

PREPARATION    FOR   THe    FAIR. 

A  few  clays  since  we  made  a  run  to  Paris  to  see  the  preparation  now  making  for  the  first 
exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society.  About  eight  acres  of  land  have  been 
purchased  and  brought  within  the  enclosure  of  the  Paris  show  grounds.  This  admits  of  ma- 
terial improvement  in  the  arrangement  of  the  grounds  and  buildings.  The  President  of  the 
State  Society  and  other  members  of  the  Executive  Committee  have  for  several  weeks  past 
devoted  almost  their  entire  time  to  the  improvement  of  the  grounds  and  the  erection  of  build- 
ings for  the  accommodation  of  stock  and  for  the  protection  of  every  article  that  may  be  offer- 
ed  for  exhibition. 

There  is  one  feature  that  universally  prevails  at  the  exhibitions  in  Kentucky  that  we  have 
always  been  opposed  to,  and  have  made  no  little  effort  to  improve.  We  refer  to  the  custom 
of  setting  apart  each  day  tor  the  exhibition  of  a  certain  class  of  animals  or  articles,  and  not 
requiring  the  exhibitors  to  introduce  them  until  the  day  appointed  for  their  exhibition,  and  then 
permitting  them  to  be  withdrawn  as  soon  as  the  judges  have  declared  the  awards  upon  the  par- 
ticular class  exhibited;  but  we  are  gratified  to  learn  that  the  State  Society,  at  its  first  exhibi- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  59 

tion,  is  about  to  abandon  this  prevailing  custom,  and  adopt  a  plan  that  can  but  give  universal 
satisfaction  to  the  exhibitors  as  well  as  to  visitors,  and  which  will  add  matenally  to  the  pecu- 
niary interest  of  the  society.  In  order  to  carry  out  this  plan  perfectly,  ample  accommodations 
will  be  provided  for  the  protection  of  every  thing  to  be  exhibited,  and  these  will  be  required  to 
be  brought  in  before  the  opening  of  the  fair,  and  must  remain  in  their  places  until  its  close, 
except,  we  believe,  live  stock. 

In  order  to  carry  out  this  plan  perfectly,  a  large  octagon  building.  80  feet  in  width,  with  a 
gallery  entirely  around  it  for  the  exhibition  of  every  variety  of  manufactured  articles,  do- 
mestic fabrics,  &c,  &c.  In  the  gallery  the  more  delicate  articles  will  be  displayed,  including 
all  the  specimens  of  the  fine  arts,  &c.  The  centre  of  the  roof  is  terminated  with  a  dome,  or 
skylight,  supported  by  a  large  pillar.  This  pillar,  and  those  supporting  the  gallery,  are  to  be 
entwined  and  ornamented  with  vines  and  wreaths  of  flowers,  evergreens,  &c.  From  the  pillar 
to  the  galleries  cords  are  to  be  stretched,  upon  which  blankets,  quilts,  and  other  specimens  of 
the  skill  and  industry  of  Kentucky's  fair  daughters  are  to  be  hung,  where  they  can  be  exam- 
ined and  admired  during  the  entire  five  days  of  the  exhibition.  Around  the  outside  of  this 
building  conveniences  will  be  provided  for  the  display  of  the  coarser  articles  and  implements 
that  may  be  offered. 

East  of  this  building  is  to  be  erected  "  Mechanics,"  one  hundred  feet  or  more  in  length, 
which  is  to  be  provided  with  a  splendid  steam  engine  which  is  to  be  kept  constantly  in  motion 
for  the  trial  of  every  kind  of  machine  requiting  power.  Many  other  improvements  have 
been  aiade  in  the  grounds  which  we  have  Dot  time  now  to  specify. 

In  order  to  increase  the  facility  for  conveying  passengers  on  the  Railroad,  a  double  track  is 
to  be  laid  from  Paris  to  the  grounds,  upon  which  the  cars  will  be  kept  constantly  running. 
Accommodation  trains  are  also  to  run  to  Lexington,  Cynthiana,  and  intermediate  points, 
where  those  who  choose  may  go  to  spend  the  night  and  return  again  in  the  morning. 

Paris  Hotel. — The  clever  proprietors  of  this  favorite  hotel,  whose  hearts  and  hands  are  ever 
extended  for  the  accommodation  of  their  friends,  have  made  large  additions  and  improve- 
ments to  the  house  in  order  to  afford  accommodations  to  all  who  desire  a  pleasant  stopping 
place  during  the  fair.  They  have  added  to  their  large  dining  room  between  fifty  and  sixty 
feet  in  length,  and  ten  feet  in  width,  and  increased  the  number  of  their  lodging  rooms  in  pro- 
portion. 

We  feel  greatly  encouraged  at  the  prospects  of  a  grand  display  at  the  first  exibition  of  the 
State  Society.  The  Messrs.  Clay,  Lyle,  Mitchell,  Garrard,  and  S.  H.  Clay,  members  of  the 
Executive  Committee,  are  entitled  to  great  credit  for  time,  care  and  skill  they  have  bestow- 
ed in  preparing  for  this  occasion.  We  hope  that  every  Mechanic,  Farmer  and  Artisan  who 
can  add  any  thing  to  the  display,  will  be  there,  and  those  who  have  nothing  to  exhibit,  will 
take  their  wives,  daughters  and  sons  to  see  what  others   have  brought. —  Western  Farm  Jour. 


KENTUCKY  STATE  FAIR. 
The  first  Kentucky  State  Fair,  so  far  as  the  exhibition  was  concerned  was  a  triumph,  but 
the  cold  weather  kept  the  people  away;  and  the  probabilities  are  that  the  Society's  Treasury 
is  any  thing  but  flush.  The  attendance  from  Ohio  was  large,  numbering  several  hundred 
persons.  Nearly  all  who  read  the  Farmer  are  aware  that  the  Fairs  of  the  Kentucky  people 
are  confined  mainly  to  the  exhibition  of  fine  stock — Shorthorn  Cattle,  "  Kentucky"  Horses, 
Long  Wooled  Sheep,  enormous  Hogs,  and  gigantic  Jacks  and  mules  abound;  while  Mechan- 
ical implements,  and  all  the  ten  thousand  little  things  that  make  up  Fairs  in  Ohio  and  the 
Yankee  States,  are  missing  But  for  Durham  Cattle,  we  will  risk  Kentucky  against  all  the 
world.  The  aged  bulls  on  exhibition  were  not  very  extraordinary,  but  in  aged  cows  and  the 
younger  stock  of  both  sexes,  we  have  no  doubt  the  show  surpassed  the  recent  Royal  show  at 
Chelmsford,  or  any  that  England  can  make-  In  short,  Kentucky  beats  England  in  Shorthorn 
Cattle.  To  get  a  first,  or  even  a  tenth  premium  in  some  rings  we  saw  exhibited,  was  a  high 
honor  to  any  animal  or  breeder.  In  horses  and  mules,  Kentucky  is  justly  distinguished. 
The  premiums  awarded,  we  will  give  at  length  in  our  next  issue — we  have  no  room  for  them 
now.  Ohio  was  well  represented  in  the  Mechanical  Department.  Scott  &  Hedges,  exhibited 
the  Little  Giant  Corn  and  Cob  Mill;  "  Crescent  Mill"  for  corn  meal — Portable  Steam  Engine, 
made  at  Newark.  Corn  Sheller,  Steaming  Machine,  &.c. — John  L.  Gill,  of  Columbus.  Plows 
and  Cultivator.  Warder,  Brokaw  &  Childs,  of  Springfield,  Mower  and  Drills.  Miller,  and 
other  Cincinnati  men,  had  plows,  &.c.  While  Miller  &.  Wingate,  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  had  on 
exhibition  plows,  corn  shelters,  corn  cutters,  &c,  &c.  The  only  Ohio  stock  we  saw,  was 
Wilson's  shorthorn  bull,  Lord  Eglinton,  and  P.  &  L.  Melendy's champion  Black  Hawk  Horse. 
The  great  amphitheatre  was  capable  of  seating  all  the  people  the  first  two  days  of  the  Fair, 
the  weather  the  last  two  days,  was  more  pleasant,  and  it  was  probably  jammed.  The  Hall  for 
Domestic  Manufactures  is  a  gem,  a  Crystal  Palace.  It  is  circular,  80  feet  in  diameter,  two 
stories  high,  or  rather  the  second  floor  is  a  gallery  all  round  except  where  the  staiis  go  up. 
This  was  filled  with  fruits,  flowers,  vegetables,  pictures,  quilts,  needle  work,  &c,  and  all 
nicely  arranged.  But  we  have  neither  time  nor  room  for  details,  and  will  add  only,  that  there 
are  two  features  of  Kertucky  Fairs  that  ought  to  be  adopted  in  all  State  and  County  Fairs — 
the  amphitheatre  and  those  hospitable,  delicious   Kentucky   dinners.     It  is  great  pleasure  to 


60  REPORT  OF  THE 

see,  but  to  see  comfortably,  one  must  be  seated  comfortably.  We  tested  th'13  on  a  small  scale 
at  our  recent  Fair.  Kentuckians  have  family  dinners  on  the  Fair  Grounds — where  every 
body  is  asked  to  partake.  They  are  glorious  dinners,  admirably  cooked,  all  cold  too,  besides, 
except  the  hospitality  and  the  coffee,  but  none  the  wcse  for  that.  Why  can  we  not  adopt 
this  method  at  County  Fairs  in  Ohio  ?  On  Thursday  Gov.  Morehead  delivered  an  address  on 
Agriculture.  The  attendance  of  prominent  strangers  from  abroad  was  large.  We  never  visit 
Kentucky  without  pleasure,  never  without  seeing  much  to  admire — this  was  particularly  true 
of  our  visit  to  the  recent  fair. — Ohio  Farmer. 


THE  STATE  FAIR. 

We  thank  our  intelligent  and  considerate  friend,  says  the  Frankfort  Commonwealth,  for  the 
following  letter  : 

Paris,  September  30,  1856. 

Mr  Editor  :  Notwithstanding  the  very  cool  weather,  the  Fair  has  progressed  to  the  close 
of  the  first  day,  most  satisfactorily.  The  exhibition  of  stock  has,  thus  far,  been  conceded  to 
be  the  best  ever  held  in  the  United  States.  Gentlemen  from  the  East  and  North  speak  of  it 
in  terms  of  the  hiqhest  admiration.  One  of  the  rings  for  fine  cattle  went  as  high  as  thirty 
head,  and  all  were  large,  and  all  the  animals  fine.  A  great  number  of  sheep  and  hogs  were 
also  on  exhibition,  and  many  of  them  were  remarkably  fine. 

The  large  new  Industrial  Hall  will  be  thrown  open  on  to  morrow,  for  the  inspection  of  vis- 
itors, and  will  present  a  large  amount  and  variety  of  objects  of  great  interest.  It  has  already 
attracted  great  observation. 

In  the  department  of  agricultural  implements,  also,  a  great  amount  and  variety  aie  already 
presented,  from  steam  engines  for  farming  purposes  down  to  the  most  common  implement. 

Harmony  and  decorum  prevailed  in  all  departments,  and  the  most  cordial  hopitaiity  and  good 
feeling  are  the  order  of  the  day. 

Visitors  are  present  from  all  the  neighboring,  and  some  remote  States,  but  all  have  been 
provided  with  comfortable  accommodations;  and  by  running  two  trains  each  way  daily,  to 
Lexington  and  Covington,  there  is  no  fear  but  all  who  choose  to  attend  will  find  pleasant  and 
hospitable  quarters,  and  every  person  who  can,  should  aid  and  participate  in  the  general  en- 
joyment. 

The  young  ladies  and  gentlemen  are  having  also  a  fine  time,  with  hops,  parties,  theatrical 
performances,  &c. 

Large  crowds  and  fine  shows  are  expected  for  the  remaining  days  of  the  Fair,  which  will 
conclude  on  Saturday. 

As  vou  could  not  be  here  in  person,  I  drop  vou  this  hasty  sketch,  and  remain, 

Yours,  &c,  A  FRIEND. 


KENTUCKY  CATTLE  AS  SEEN  FROM  ABROAD. 

In  our  notice  of  the  Kentucky  State  Fair,  published  in  a  late  number  of  the  Farm  Journal' 
we  referred  incidentally  to  the  admiration  excited  in  the  minds  of  intelligent  breeders  from 
other  States,  by  the  superb  Short  horned  cattle  exhibited  on  that  occasion.  Gentlemen  from 
New  York.  Pennsylvania.  Virginia  and  Ohio,  who  have  seen  many  cattle  shows  in  different 
parts  of  the  world,  did  not  hesitate  to  say,  as  the  premium  animals  passed  around  the  circle 
in  grand  cavalcade  at  the  close  of  each  of  the  hist  three  days,  that  their  eyes  had  never  be- 
held such  a  sight  before.  Among  the  members  of  the  Agricultural  press  present  at  the  State 
Fair,  was  the  well  informed  editor  of  the  Ohio  Farmer — a  gentleman  of  much  observation, 
who  has  the  good  luck  to  go  everywhere  and  carry  his  tripod  with  him;  and  here  is  what,  writ- 
ing in  a  ferry-boat  crossing  the  Ohio  river,  or  in  a  railroad  car  going  over  the  Allegheny 
mountains  to  the  National  show  at  Philadelphia,  he  had  to  say  about  Kentucky  Fairs  and  Ken- 
tucky cattle,  after  his  return  from  Bourbon  : 

"Nearly  all  who  read  the  Farmer  are  aware  that  the  Fairs  of  the  Kentucky  people  are  con- 
fined mainly  to  the  exhibition  of  fine  stock.  Short  horned  Cattle,  'Kentucky'  Horses,  Long- 
wooled  Sheep,  enormous  Hogs,  and  gigantic  Jacks  and  Mules,  abound;  while  Mechanical  Im- 
plements, and  all  the  ten  thousand  little  things  that  make  up  Fairs  in  Ohio  and  in  the  Yankee 
States  are  missing.  But  for  Durham  Cattle,  we  will  risk  Kentucky  against  all  the  world.  The 
aged  bulls  on  exhibition  were  not  very  extraordinary,  but  in  aged  cows  and  the  younger  stock 
of  both  sexes,  we  have  no  doubt  the  show  surpassed  the  recent  Royal  Show  at  Chelmsford,  or 
any  that  England  can  make.  In  short,  Kentucky  beats  England  in  Short  horn  Cattle.  To  get 
a  first,  or  even  a  tenth  premium  in  some  rings  we  saw  exhibited,  was  a  high  honor  to  any  ani- 
mal or  breeder      In  horses  and  mules,  Kentucky  is  justly  distinguished." 

Mr.  S.  P.  Chapman,  a  very  intelligent  aud  experienced  cattle  breeder  from  New  York,  whom 
we  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  a  good  deal  of  during  the  State  Fair,  writes  as  follows  about 
Kentucky  Cattle,  in  a  letter  to  the  Rural  New  Yorker: 

"The  show  of  Short  horns  was  probably  the  best  exhibition  ever  made  in  the  world.  I  never 
saw  anything  like  its  equal,  and  several  persons  who  have  attended  the  English  shows,  assure 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  61 

me  that  they  never  saw  it  equalled  in  that  country.  There  were  exhibited  probably  some  two 
hundred  head,  and  in  all  this  vast  number,  not  a  single  animal  could  be  selected  as  ordinary. 
They  were  all  entitled  to  a  very  high  rank  as  first  class  animals.  To  give  you  a  little  idea  of 
their  uniform  excellence,  I  will  mention  one  circumstance  :  I  was  honored  as  one  of  the  judges 
in  this  department.  There  were  twenty-three  cows  shown  iu  the  ring.  We  concluded  to  send 
the  best  to  one  side  of  the  ring,  in  order  to  reduce  the  number  to  select  the  prize  animals  from. 
When  we  had  got  around,  we  found  that  we  had  sent  across  twenty  one  out  of  twenty-three 
auirnalsL  The  competition  was  very  close  nearly  all  through;  in  some  instances  so  close  in- 
deed thai  a  comparison  of  the  animals  side  by  side  could  only  decide  their  merits." 

[Kentucky  Paper, 


FURTHER  PROCEEDINGS  OF    DIRECTORS  IN   1856. 


At  the  meeting  at  President  Clay's,  May  30th,  1856,  the  Secretary 
was  directed  to  print  and  distribute  5,000  copies  of  the  Premium  List, 
and  1,000  copies  of  the  poster,  or  hand-bill  of  the  fair. 

The  President  was  directed  to  draw  upon  the  Treasurer  of  State  for 
the  annual  appropriation  of  $5,000. 

The  Corresponding  Secretary  was  instructed  to  address  a  Circular  to 
County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  in  Kentucky,  and 
others,  requesting  a  history  of  their  societies,  and  other  information, 
statistics,  &c. 

The  Western  Farm  Journal,  a  weekly  Agricultural  paper,  of  sixteen 
quarto  pages,  published  in  Louisville,  by  Jas.  P.  Hull  &  Co.,  was  again 
recommended  to  the  patronage  of  the  community,  and  was  recognised 
as  the  organ  of  the  Society. 

The  officers  of  the  County  Societies  were  requested  to  promote  and 
increase  the  membership  of  the  State  Society. 

The  President  reported  the  official  bonds  of  the  Treasurer  and  Sec- 
retary, which  were  approved. 

At  various  meetings  of  the  Directors  during  the  Fair,  besides  sever- 
al acts  in  relation  to  it,  the  Corresponding  Secretary  was  authorized  to 
expend  $50  in  the  preparation  of  the  Agricultural  Room  of  the  Society 
in  Frankfort. 

The  Corresponding  Secretary  was  directed  to  distribute  not  over 
1.500  copies  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  which  contain  the  report  of 
the  first  Kentucky  State  Fair,  and  Gov.  Morehead's  address  at  the 
same,  to  the  several  members,  exhibitors,  &c,  which  was  done. 


62  REPORT  OF  THE 

At  a  meeting1  of  the  Directors  at  the  house  of  the  Corresponding  Sec- 
retary, Dec.  3,  1856,  the  Treasurer  presented  his  account,  showing  the 
receipt  of  eleven  thousand  and  sixty-two  dollars  and  sixteen  cents  b}T 
him,  ($11,062  16,)  and  also  his  payment  or  expenditure  of  eleven 
thousand  three  hundred  and  thirty-four  dollars  and  five  cents,  ($1,1,334 
05,)  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  examine  the  same,  and  report 
to  the  Board. 

The  Recording  Secretary  was  allowed  $300,  and  the  Treasurer  $200, 
as  compensation  for  their  services  for  the  year  1856. 

The  Corresponding  Secretary  was  authorized  to  contract  with  Col. 
A.  G.  Hodges,  for  the  printing  of  1,000  copies  of  the  Annual  Report 
of  the  State  Society,  if  the  same  could  be  prudently  accomplished. 

The  Board  proceeded  to  make  the  following  settlement  with  the 
committee  of  the  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  in  relation  to 
the  improvements  which  had  been  made  on  their  grounds  by  the  State 
Agricultural  Society: 

BOURBON    COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY, 

To  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society, 
debits. 
For  Floral  Hall  erected  on  your  grounds,  at  coutract  cost,        ...  $2,000  00 

For  208  Srock  Stalls  erected,  at  cost, 1,32500 

For  two  offices  built,  at  cost,   -         -         -         - 143  00 


Total  amount  expended  by  State  Society  and  left  on  your  grounds,  -         -  $3,463  00 


The  State  Society  had  the  use  of  these  buildings,  and  if  they  were  torn  down 
and  the  raw  material  was  worth,  and  could  only  be  sold  for  $1,156,  or 
one  third  of  the  whole  cost  of  the  buildings,  and  the  Bourbon  County  So- 
ciety was  therefore  properly  chargeable  with  that  amount,  say,  -         -  $1,156  00 

These  buildings  were  made  in  a  more  permanent  manner  than  was  needed  for 
the  temporary  use  of  the  State  Society,  and  the  Bourbon  County  Society 
was  chargeable  with  that  extra  expense  which  will  enure  to  her,  estima- 
ted at  300  00 

The  Bourbon  County  Society  received  for  the  sale  of  55  stalls  which  were 
erected  by  the  State  Society,  the  sum  of  $365  89,  with  which  she  is  chargea- 
ble, say 365  89 


Total  due  by  the  Bourbon  County  Society  to    the  State   Agricultural  Society 

for  improvements,  ..........  $1,821  89 

CREOITS. 

By  cash  paid  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  by  B.  J.  Clay, 
for  the  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  as  shown  in  Treas- 
urer's Report,      -         -  .....  $940  00 

By  rent  of  eij^ht  acres  of  land, bought  by  the  Bourbon  County  Agricul- 
tural Society  after  the  location  of  the  Fair,  and  applied  to  the  use 
of  the  State  Agricultural  Society, 100  00 

Balance  then  due  the  State  Society,  by  the  Bourbon  County  Society, 

This  balance  was  paid  in  the  following  manner,  viz:  — 
Balance  due  W.  W    Mitchell,  Treasurer,  1856, 
Salary  due  the  Treasurer,  W.  W.  Mitchell, 
Salary  due  W.  C.  Lyle,  for  1856, 


y. 

$781  89 

-   $281  89 
200  00 
300  00 

$781  89 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  S0CIE1Y. 


63 


Which  was  paid  by  the  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society  to  the  State  Agricultural  So- 
ciety in  full  for  all  the  improvements  of  the  State  Society  left  on  the  Fair  grounds  of  the 
Bourbon  County  Society. 

Votes  of  thanks  to  some  of  the  officers  and  assistants,  were  adopted,  &.c 


, 


TREASURER'S  REPORT  FOR   18*6. 


W.  VV.  MITCHELL,  TREASURER. 

DEBITS. 

To  cash  received  of  T.  S.  Page,  Auditor,         ..... 

To  cash  received  for  Annual  Membership,       -  -         - 

Life  Membership,  ...... 

Tickets  sold,         ....... 

Hack  License,      -  ..... 

Show  License,      ....... 

Auctioneers'  License, 

Soda  Fountain,     ------- 

McLain,  for  Booth  Rent,      - 

Porter,  lor  Booth  Rent,         ..... 

Ransen,  for  Booth  Rent,      ..... 

Nix,  for  Booth  Rent, 

Baruhill,  difference  in  premiums, 

Brent,  difference  in  premiums,       -  -  -  - 

W.  W.  Furman,  difference  in  premiums, 

Thos.  J.  Grimes,  difference  in  premiums, 

N.  Spears,  difference  in  premiums, 

C.  T.  Garrard,  difference  in  premiums, 

P.  J.  Seamands,  difference  in  premiums, 

H.  F.  Cromwell,  difference  in  premiums, 

J.  H.  Chiles,  difference  in  premiums,    - 

J.  A.  Humphries,  difference  in  premiums,    - 

R.  W.  Scott,  difference  in  premiums, 

R.  Talbott,  for  grain  sold,  - 

Same,  for  grain  sold,  ..... 

Logan,  for  grain  sold,  ..... 

B.  J.  Cla}',  for  premiums,      ----- 

For  one  silver  Cup,       ------ 

For  three  Silver  Cups,  ------ 

S.  H.  Clay,  for  Corn,    ------ 

Deposit  Bank,  interest  on  Deposits, 

S.  H.  Clay,  for  Corn  sold,     • 

Hughes  &  Cheshire,  for  Booth  Rent,    - 

Advanced  by  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  for  sale  of  stalls, 


CREDITS 

By  counterfeit  money,  May  23,  of  P.  Swigert,     - 
By  Cash   paid,  June  10,  for  Postage  Stamps, 
June  23,  Hughes  &,  Cheshire, 
June  30,  same,     -         -         -         . 
July  4,  same,       - 
July  7,  John   McMurtry,     - 
July  7,  J.  VV.  Ingles,  - 
July  10,  Hughes  k  Cheshire, 

Amount  carried  forward, 


$5,000 

on 

1,7H5 

no 

1  no 

00 

2,419 

43 

60 

50 

25 

00 

11 

00 

20 

00 

71 

00 

70 

00 

188  00 

50 

uo 

2 

00 

2  00 

2 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

7 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

2 

00 

5 

00 

53 

81 

75 

80 

60 

00 

5 

00 

15 

00 

50 

00 

49 

27 

5 

00 

40 

00 

940 

00 

$11,052 

16 

$     5 

00 

00 

583 

20 

80 

CO 

150 

00 

50 

00 

500 

III) 

200 

00 

$1,568  80 


64 


REPORT  OF  THE 


H.C. 


Amount  brought  forward  ,       ------ 

By  Cash  paid,  July  II),  for  Memorandum  Book, 
July  22,  A.  G.  Hodges  &  Co.,      - 
July  24,  Hughes  &  Cheshire,       ..'"...'. 
July  28,  Hughes  &  Cheshire,       - 
July  31,  same,     ------- 

August  4,  Pat  Kellar, 

August  4,  Pat  Sullivan,       - 

August  4,  Pat  Gary, 

August  4,  T.  Shaw, 

August  25,  W.  C.  Lyle,        - 
September  15,  J.  W.  Ingles,         - 
September  16,  S.  M.  Hibler,  renting  booths, 
September  19,  Adams'  Express  Company,   - 
September  22,  C.  Clay,  to  pay  for  cedar,     - 
September  22,  freight  on  box  per  W.  C.  L., 
September  22,  drayage  to   Fair  Grounds,     -     '    - 
September  23,  Hughes  &  Cheshire,     - 
September  24,  Drayman,      - 
September  28,  Moore,  Wilstach,  Keys  &  Co  , 
September  29,  J.  W.  Ingles,         - 
October  1,  H.  O.  Rule,  for  one  day's  work,  per  S. 
1 ,  Porter,         -         -  - 

1,  Premium  on  silver  change,  .,..:'..- 
L,  refunded  T.  Steele,  gate  fee,       ...         - 

2,  N.  P.  Rogers, 

2,  H.  T.  Duncan,  for  decorating  hall, 

2,  refunded  J.  A.  Jackson,  gate  fee, 
t,  Miss  Johnson,    premium,     -         ... 
1,  Hull  &  Co.,  per  R.  W.  Scott,      .... 

1,  Band  at  Floral  Hall,  per  S-  H.  C.,       - 

t,  Mrs.  Pendery,  premium,     -         -         -  -         - 

1,  H.  Cromwell,  premium,       ----- 

I,  D-  Caldwell,  sundjy  premiums,  - 

I,  Bedinger  &  McCormick,  premium, 

1,  Miss  Peck,  premium,  ----- 

t,  John  Giltner,  two  premiums,       - 
1,  T  J.  Adams,  three  premiums,     - 
1,  W.  A.  Bacon,  premium,       ----- 

1,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium, 

1,  George  Rymel,  premium,    ----- 

I,  M.  M.  Gass,  premium,         -  ... 

i,  Mrs.  W.  Nunn,  premium,   - 

1,  E.  L.  Sherrard,  premium,    -         - 

1,  J.  Henderson,  premium,      ....         - 

1,  James  Rowe,  premium,       -•-.-..''-'- 
1,  Premium  on  Corn,       ------ 

t,  Miss  Mary  Kleizer,  premium,  - 
i,  Mrs.  Sarah  Skinner,  premium,  - 
1,  George  White,  premium,    - 

3,  George,  for  work,        -...-. 
3,  Boy,  for  mast,     -         -         -         -         -         - 

3,  T.  J.  Calloway,  --.... 

3,  T.  Wilson,  for  oats,  ------ 

3,  L.  B.  Dawson,    ------- 

5,  L.B.  Bedford, 

3,  Premium  on  Soda  Fountain,        - 

a,  A.  Dawson,  perS.  H.  C.  Vo.,     -         -    '     - 

3,  Miss  Davis,  for  making  Rosettes  for  officers'  badges 

i,  R.  H.  Haggard,  for  keeping  tickets,     - 

3,  R.  M.  Buckner,  gate  keeper,       - 

3,  same,  -------- 

3,  J.  T.  Davis,  Treasurer  of  Brass  Band, 
1,  A   Bashfordj  gate  keeper,  - 
7,  R.  Henton,  gate  keeper,       - 

October  7,  W.  F.  Spears,  ticket  agent,  - 

October  7,  for  painting  tub,  - 


October  1, 
October  1. 
October  1, 
October  2, 
October  2, 
October  2, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  4, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  6, 
October  7, 
October  7, 


1,568  80 

10 

286  75 

12  00 

140  00 

385  00 

17  50 

5  50 

4  14  80 

15  90 

41  85 

75  00 

3  00 

10  00 

5  00 

1  00 
15 

410  00 

20 

70  62 

160  00 

2  00 
10 
50 
25 

125  00 

8  00 

50 

2  00 

100  00 

32  00 


00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
2  00 


00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


3 

4 

3 

3 

2 

3 

2 

1 

3 

3  00 

2  00 

2  00 
6  00 

29  25 

55  00 

25  00 

5  00 

1  00 

3  50 
25  00 
15  00 

2  00 
200  00 

12  00 

12  00 

25  00 

1  25 


Amount  carried  forward,       -         - $  3,974  52 


8TATK  AGRI   UulURAL  SOCIETY. 


65 


Amount  brought  forward. 
By  Cash  paid,  October  7,  Brown  &  Walker, 

October  7,  J.  A.  Logan, 

October  7,  G.  Redman,  premium, 

October  7,  refunded  to  W.  Orr,    - 

October  7,  Mrs.  McAboy,  premium, 

October  7,  J.  V.  Lovely, 

Octooer  7,  J.  Hen  ton,  gate  keeper, 

October  7,  J.  W.  Turner  and  son,  gate  keeper, 

October  7,  Mrs.  G.  L.  Ray,  premium,  - 

October  8,  W.  W.  Mitchell,  store  account, 

October  8,  E.  &  D.  Kinsey,  premiums,         .... 

October  8,  J.  B   Kennedy,  premium,    - 

October  8,  Mrs.  Humphries,  premium,  .... 

October  8,  G.  B.  Lasby,  gate  keeper,  - 

October  8,  David  Perm,  premium,         -.  . 

October  8,  T.  Turner,  gate  keeper,      -         - 

October  8,  George  W.  Davis,  account,         - 

October  9,  Ray  &  Cormick,  account;  -         - 

October  9,  J.  Neely,  ticket  agent,         - 

October  9,  discount  on  counterfeit  money,   - 

October  9,  J.  W.  Ingles,  on  account,    ----- 

October  10,  J.  Kelly,  for  sprinkling  ring,     - 

October  10,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  premiums,        - 

October  10,  J.  VV.  Ingles, 

October  11,  Dravage  on  hogshead  to  town, 

October  11,  E.  P.  Nix,         -         -  .... 

October  11,  G.  Reed,  for  self,  A.  Langston,  A.  Robinson,  R.  Lanj 

ston,  and  J.  Wilcox,  Marshals, 

October  11,  J.  K.  Cottingham,  per  H.  C,    - 

October  11,  W.  C.  Lyle,  account,         - 

October  13,  O.  H.  Burbridge,  premium,         -..-.. 

October  14,  Postage  Stamps,         - 

October  14,  Williams  &  Cassedy, 

October  18,  N.  Spears,  hauling  water,  ... 

October  20,  Mrs.  J.  Hutchcraft,.  premium,    - 

October  20,  Dan  Barker,      - 

October  20,  Wm.  Hite,  Marshal,  - 

October  21,  M.  Neff,  premium,    - 

October  21,  A.  V.  Bedford,  premium, 

October  21,  John  Horn,  premium, 

October  21,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium, 

October  21,  C.  T.  Garrard,  on  account, 

October  21,  Martin,     - 

October  22,  R.  Talbott, 

October  22,  H.  O.  Rule,  per  B.  J.  C,  verbal  order, 

October  22,  L.M.  Gill,         - 

October  22,  A.  B.  Eades,  Marshal, 

October  22,  J.  II .  Ward,  for  strtw, 

October  24,  J.  S.  Matson,  premium,    - 

October  25,  H.  T.  Duncan,  premium,  - 

October  25,  Pat  Kellar, 

October  25,  board  of  hi.  T.  Duncan's  gardener, 

October  25,  M.  Hutchison,  premium, 

October  28,  Mrs.  Mary  Hughes,  premium,  - 

October  29,  P.  S.  Bush,  premium, 

October  31,  Joel  K.  Lyle,  premium,     - 

November  3,  Isaac  Williams, 

Noveaiber  3,  Mrs.  D.  Harp,  premium, 

November  6,  A.  V.  Bedford,  for  corn, 

November  12,  R.  P-  Bourne,  premium, 

November  12,  Postage,        - 

November  18,  H.  T.  &  J.  C.  Brent,     - 

November  21,  Kelly  &  Forman, 

November  21,  R.  Hutchcraft,  premium, 

November  26,  Val.  Hildreth,       .... 

December  1,  S.  H.  Clay,      - 

Amount  carried  forward, 


*  3,974  52 
39  80 
35  0(1 

1  00 
25 

2  00 
20  00 
12  00 
27  00 

2  00 

90  77 

4,459  52 

1  00 

7  0  t 
15  Of) 

1  00 
12  00 
29  25 

1  60 
25  00 

1  00 
83  08 

2  00 
45  00 

557  00 

50 

105  50 

100  00 
4  00 
33  4t 
6  00 
66 
74  56 
74  50 
3  00 
30  00 
12  00 
3  00 
3  00 
29  00 
2  00 
65  00 
8  50 
10  00 
6  25 
35  75 
5  00 
5  00 
10  00 
5  00 
5  00 
4  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 

1  00 
18  50 

2  0(» 
81  25 

3  00 
f5 

16  50 

6  00 

3  00 

2  00 
15  0!) 


$  10,241  62 


66  REPORT  OF  THE 

Amount  brought  forward, $10,241  62 

By  Cash  paid,  December  1,  John  O.  Sprake, 10  00 

December  1,  H.  Stotsenberg, 22  00 

Deiwfciber  1,  C.  T.  Garrard,  on  account,                                  -  75  33 

Deoe  jober  1 ,  J    K.  Jameson,  premium,         .....  1   00 

Dec.'rr-:  j>r  1,  Wm.  Wheat, 22  50 

U.:.       ■'.  er  1,  S.  Maddox,  premium, 2  00 

December  1,  B.  J.  Clay, 388  30 

December  1,  Hughes  &  Cheshire,  balance  in  full,        -         -         -  509  80 

December  1,  refunded  to  J.  H.  Moore,  gate  fees,          ...  l  50 

$11,274  05 
Amount  of  debits  brought  forward,         .......       11,052  16 

By  Cash  paid,  December  2,  Moore,  Wilstach,  Kevs  &  Co.,        ....  20  45 

December  2,  Office  rent,      -                  10  00 

December  2,  C.  A.  Noland,  Clerk, 10  00 

December  2,  Thomas  Patton,  Clerk, 10  00 

December  2,  H.  Turner, 10  00 

Due  Treasurer, 281  89 

Amount  allowed  by  Directory,    -                           ....  200  00 

$  481  89 

To  Cash  received  December  10,  of  B.  C.  A.  Society, 48189 

W.  W.  MITCHELL,  Treasurer. 

The  committee  appointed  to  examine  the  Treasurer's  Report,  reported  that  it  was  sustained 
by  proper  vouchers,  and  was  correct. 


REPORT  OF  THE  CORRESPONDING  SECRETARY. 


As  this  report  (which  was  made  in  writing  at  the  meeting  of  the 
State  Agricultural  Society,  held  in  the  Capitol  January  14,  1857,)  re- 
lates to  the  proceedings  of  the  Society  for  1856,  it  will  be  inserted 
here,  extracted  from  the  minutes,  as  follows  : 

REPORT  OF  THE  CORRESPONDING  SECRETARY  OF  THE  KENTUCKY  STATE 
AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Mr.  President  :  Soon  after  my  appointment,  I  caused  to  be  printed  and  issued  about  three 
hundred  copies  of  a  circular.  One  was  sent  to  each  member  of  the  present  Legislature  of 
(Kentucky,  one  to  each  of  our  Senators  and  Representatives  in  Congress,  one  to  each  of  the 
heads  of  Departments  of  the  National  Government,  and  many  were  also  sent  to  intelligent 
and  public  spirited  gentlemen  in  various  portions  of  this  State. 

One  of  these  circulars  was  also  sent  to  each  of  the  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical 
Societies  in  Kentucky. 

One  was  also  sent  to  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society,  and  one  to  each  of  the  State 
Agricultural  Societies  in  the  Union,  so  far  as  they  could  be  ascertained;  and  one  also  to  the 
editors  of  a  number  of  agricultural  and  political  papers. 

It  is  with  grateful  pleasure  that  I  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  many  evidences  of  cordial 
sympathy  and  friendly  cooperation  in  the  noble  and  patriotic  objects  of  this  Society. 

The  intelligent  and  efficient  Superintendent  of  the  Patent  Office  is  entitled  to  special  ac- 
knowledgment for  books  and  seeds  for  distribution;  among  the  latter,  the  seed  of  the  Chinese 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  67 

Suo-ar  Cane,  sixteen  packages  of  which  have  been  subdivided  into  many  smaller  packages, 
and  it,  is  desired  to  distribute  them  according  to  his  directions,  to  all  parts  of  this  State. 

We  are  also  under  obligation  to  the  Secretaries  of  State  Agricultural  Societies,  for  the  fol- 
lowing copies  of  their  reports,  respectively,  viz  : 

Ohio  Agricultural  Reports,  1851,  1852,  1853,  and  1854—4  vols. 

Transactions  of  Illinois  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1854  and  1855 — 1  vol. 

Transactions  of  Michigan  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1853 — 1  vol. 

Transactions  of  Connecticut  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1855 — 1  vol. 

Tennessee  Agricultural  Bureau  Report  for  1855  and  1856—1  vol. 

Patent  Office  Report  for  1854  on  Mechanics — 2  vols. 

Andrews's  Report  on  Colonial  Trade  for  1852 — 1  vol. 

Kentucky  Geological  Survey  for  1856 — 1  vol. 

Indiana  State  Board  of  Agriculture  for  1855 — 1  vol. 

These  volumes  have  been  carefully  placed  in  the  room  of  the  Society,  and  constitute  the 
nucleus  of  what  it  is  hoped  will  become  in  time  a  large  and  valuable  agricultural  and  scien- 
tific library. 

Specimen  numbers  of  various  agricultural  papers  have  also  been  received;  and  we  are  un- 
der special  obligation  for  the  regular  receipt  of  the  California  Farmer,  and  for  the  Ohio  Culti- 
vator. These  periodicals  and  papers,  together  with  numerous  advertisements  of  agricultural 
works  and  machinery,  are  carefully  preserved  in  our  agricultural  room,  and  attention  is  re- 
spectfully requested  to  them. 

Cases  have  been  prepared  to  receive  contributions  of  specimens,  botanical  or  mineralogi- 
cal,  and  in  due  time  it  is  hoped  all  these  objects  will  be  largely  increased  by  contributions 
from  our  members  of  Congress,  of  our  members  of  the  Legislature,  and  from  the  members 
and  friends  of  the  Society  in  all  parts  of  the  Commonwealth. 

During  the  past  year,  also,  several  other  circulars  and  divers  publications  have  been  issued 
through  our  agricultural  and  political  papers,  the  object  of  which  has  been  to  iucrease  the 
membership  of  the  Society,  open  correspondence  and  intercourse  with  all  kindred  associa- 
tions at  home  and  abroad,  and  to  extend  the  benefits  of  the  Society  to  every  section  of  the 
State.  The  valuable  assistance  of  our  agricultural  and  political  press  is  cordially  acknow- 
ledged and  gratefully  remembered. 

It  has  been  specially  desired  to  open  correspondence  with  and  to  engage  the  friendly  co- 
operation of  all  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Societies  which  have  been  heretofore  or- 
ganized in  this  State,  and  circulars  inviting  the  same  have  been  sent  to  all  such  Societies.  It 
is  a  cause  of  congratulation  to  acknowledge  generally  their  concurrence,  and  it  is  hoped  in 
future  to  receive  the  cordial  and  prompt  interchange  of  all  communications  and  reports  with 
each  and  every  such  Society  in  the  State. 

Chiefly  through  the  columns  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  I  have  received  the  reports  of 
the  following  County  Fairs  in  Kentucky,  held  for  the  distribution  of  premiums  during  the  fall 
of  1856,  viz  : 

Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  held  near  Paris;  has  held  twenty-one  fairs;  grounds 
contain  twenty-eight  acres;  amphitheatre  one  hundred  and  eighty  feet  in  diameter;  three  hun- 
dred stalls,  &c;  a  cottage,  an  industrial  hall,  two  stories  high  and  eighty  feet  in  diameter,  and 
offices.  B.  J.  Clay,  President,  and  W.  C.  Lyle,  Secretary.  Post  Poffiee,  Paris.  Held  the  State 
Fair  in  1856. 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  located  at  Lexington;  has  held  seven 
fairs;  grounds  contain  fifty  two  acres,  a  cottage,  amphitheatre  two  hundred  and  ten  feet  in 
diameter,  stables,  and  several  offices,  &c.  B.  Gratz,  President,  and  E.  Milton,  Secretary. 
Post  office,  Lexington.  Offered  in  premiums,  in  1856,  $1,632.  Held  their  Fair  September 
9th  to  13th. 

Southwestern  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  Louisville;  has  held  four  fairs ; 
grounds  contain  forty  three  acres,  amphitheatre  two  hundred  feet  in  diameter,  two  hundred 
stalls,  cottage,  offices,  &c.  G.  Hancock,  President,  and  H.  Brent,  Secretary.  Amount  of 
premiums  off.red  in  1856,  $3,229.    Fairs  held  October  14th  to  19th. 


68  REPORT  OF  THE 

Central  Kentucky  Stock,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  Danville;  has  held  five 
fairs;  grounds  contain  twenty  acres,  cottage,  stalls,  offices,  &c.  James  Hopkins,  President, 
and  J.  B.  Aikin,  Secretary.  Post  office,  Danville.  Amount  of  premiums  offered  in  1856, 
$955.     Fair  held  September  16th  to  19th. 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  Eminence;  has  held  six  fairs;  grounds 
contain  —  acres;  has  amphitheatre,  cottage,  stalls,  offices,  &c.  R.  Mallory,  President,  W.  S. 
Helm,  Secretary.  Post  office,  Lagrange  and  Eminence.  Amount  of  premiums  offered  in 
1856,  $1,450.     Fair  held  October  7th  to  10th. 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties,  held  near 
Germantown;  has  had  three  fairs;  has  twelve  acres  of  ground,  an  amphitheatre,  eighty  stalls, 
cottage,  offices,  &c.  A.  H.  Wall,  President,  J.  A.  Kackley,  Secretary.  Premiums  in  1856, 
$1,200.     Fair  held  September  23d  to  26th. 

Henderson,  Hopkins,  and  Union  Agricultural  and  Horticultural,  Mechanical  and  Scientific 
Association,  held  near  Henderson;  has  had  one  fair;  grounds  contain  27  acres;  amphitheatre 
200  feet  in  diameter;  cottage;  100  stalls,  &c.  A.J.  Anderson,  President,  and  C.Powell,  Sec- 
retary.    Premiums  in  1856,  $1,363.     Fair  held  October  14th  to  17th. 

Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  held  near  Cyntbiana;  ha3  had 
one  fair;  grounds  contain  18  acres;  amphitheatre  225  feet  in  diameter;  100  stalls;  cottage, 
offices,  &c.  L.  Desha,  President,  and  A.  H.  Ward,  Secretary.  Premiums  offered  in  1856, 
$1,156.     Fair  held  September  16th  to  19th. 

Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  near  Bowiiuggreen;  has  had  three 
fairs;  ^rounds  contain  12  acres;  amphitheatre  for  5,000  persons,  pavilion,  &c.  W.  Dulaney, 
President;  F.  C.  Hen  ick,  Secretary.  Amount  of  premiums  in  1856,  $1,045.  Fair  held  Oct. 
8th  to  10th. 
■  Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associotion,  near  Springfield;  has  had  two 
fairs;  grounds  contain  13  acres:  amphiteatre  140  feet  in  the  clear;  100  stalls,  offices,  &c.  E. 
L.  Davidson,  President;  J.  R.  Hughes,  Secretary.  Post  Office,  Springfield.  Premiums  in 
1856,  $785.     Fair  held  October  7th  to  10th. 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural  Society,  located  near  Florence,  has  bad  two  fairs,  grounds 
contain,  &c,  (not  reported.)  J.  H.  Walton,  President;  W.  H.  Buckner,  Secretary.  Amount 
of  premiums  offered  in  1856,  81,550.     Fair  held  October  7th  to  12th. 

Crab  Orchard,  located  at  Crab  Orchard;  has  held  two  fairs;  grounds  contain  12  acres;  am- 
phitheatre, &c.  S.  Middleton,  President,  and  Hiram  Roberts,  Secretary  Amount  of  premi- 
ums not  ascertained.     Fair  held  September  2d  to  5th. 

Lcgan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  located  near  Russellville;  has 
held  three  fairs.  The  fair  for  1856,  was  held  September  30th  to  October  2d.  Other  particu- 
lars not  ascertained. 

Clarke  County  Stock  Improving  Association,  located  near  Winchester,  has  held  one  fair. 
J.  H.  Bush,  President;  W.  Winn,  Secretary.  Post  office,  Winchester.  Fair  held  August  29th 
to  30th.     Other  facts  not  ascertained. 

Fulton  County  Agricultural  Society,  held  one  fair  October  14th  to  16th,  1856.  Other  facts 
not  ascertained. 

South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  at  Paducah,  has  held  four  fairs; 
that  of  1856  on  the  2  2d  and  23d  of  October.     Other  facts  not  ascertained. 

Nelson  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  located  near  Bardstown,  held  one 
fair  in  1856,  in  November,  three  days.     Other  facts  not  ascertained. 

Christian  County  Agricultural  Society.  Thomas  Green,  President,  Isaac  Lewis  Secretary. 
This  society  held  a  fair  in  the  fall  of  1»56. 

Mechanics'  Institute,  Louisville,  has  held  several  exhibitions,  and  one  of  many  days  dura- 
tion in  1856.     I  have  not  had  any  report  of  them. 

Kentucky  Horse  Fair,  held  near  Louisville,  under  the  superintendency  of  the  South-West- 
ern  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  June  10th  to  18th,  and  distributed  $2,500  in 
premiums. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  69 

Kentucky  Horticultural  Society,  of  Louisville,  has  existed  several  years,  but  I  have  not 
been  able  to  obtain  definite  information  concerning  it. 

The  above,  and  all  other  Agricultural,  Horticultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  in  Ken- 
tucky, will  oblige  me  bv  sending  to  me  all  their  reports  and  publications,  so  that  complete  infor- 
mation concerning  them  may  be  given  in  the  printed  report  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society. 

In  all  of  those  communications,  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  the  organ  of  the  Society,  was 
found  10  render  valuable  assistance,  and  a  number  of  it  which  contained  a  report  of  the  State 
Fair,  was  sent  by  me  to  each  State  Agricultural  Society,  to  each  County  Agricultural  and 
Mechanical  Society  in  Kentucky,  one  to  each  member  of  the  present  Legislature,  one  to  each 
member  of  Congress  from  Kentucky,  and  also  to  a  number  of  editors  of  agricultural  and  po- 
litical papers. 

It  was  with  just  pride  and  satisfaction  that  our  beloved  State,  by  the  incorporation  and  en- 
dowment of  her  State  Agricultural  Society,  has  taken  at  length  her  proper  position  among 
her  sister  States  in  the  noble  cause  of  developing  and  improving  her  agriculture,  which,  with 
the  arts  connected  with  it,  is  the  only  true  basis  of  all  real  prosperity  and  wealth,  and  her 
proud  and  patriotic  citizens  can  no  longer  be  reproached  with  being  behind  their  brethren  of 
sister  States  in  the  march  of  agricultural  and  mechanical  improvement. 

The  recent  Fair  of  our  State  Agricultural  Society  was  honored  by  the  presence  of  a  number 
of  zealous  friends  of  agricultural  improvement  from  other  States — gentlemen  of  the  greatest 
intelligence,  many  of  whom  had  witnessed  similar  exhibitions  not  only  in  America,  but  also 
in  Europe — who  bore  willing  testimony  to  the  complete  success  of  this,  our  first  State  Fair, 
in  all  of  its  departments,  and  especially  in  horses  and  cattle.  It  is  hoped  that  our  agricultur 
al  friends  from  sister  States  may  be  welcomed  on  many  similar  occasions,  and  that  thus  we 
may  promote  our  mutual  improvement  and  cement  the  bonds  of  our  common  brotherhood. 

1  he  essays  to  which  premiums  have  been  awarded  have  not  yet  been  returned  to  the  Corres- 
ponding Secretary  for  publication,  but  this  results  rather  from  the  fact  that  each  member  of 
the  committee  has  to  act  separately,  and  then  forward  the  essays  to  some  other  member  of 
the  committee,  than  to  any  want  of  attention  on  the  part  of  the  committees.  It  is  hoped  that 
they  and  the  reports  of  the  other  officers  may  be  presented  during  the  annual  meeting,  and 
then  all  of  the  materials  will  be  readv  to  be  arranged  for  the  publication  of  our  annual  re 
port.  This  will  be  a  voluminous  and  highly  interesting  document,  the  general  dissemination 
and  perusal  of  which  cannot  fail  to  exert  a  salutary  influence  on  the  Agriculture  and  Mechan- 
ics of  the  State,  by  the  diffusion  of  so  much  useful  and  practical  information  in  all  the  vari 
ous  departments. 

In  consequence  of  there  being  no  appropriation  specially  to  meet  the  expense  of  publish- 
ing, in  book  form,  our  report  of  the  year's  transactions,  it  has  not  been  deemed  advisable  to 
proceed  with  the  publication  of  it  until  it  be  presented  to  the  Legislature  at  their  biennial 
session,  when  we  hope  it  will  be  printed,  as  other  public  documents,  and  distributed  to  each  of 
the  members  of  the  Society,  &c.  By  that  time  it  is  hoped  that  the  materials  will  be  obtained 
for  a  brief  historical  sketch  of  each  of  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  which 
now  exist  in  Kentucky,  and  also  of  those  pioneer  institutions  which  have  fulfilled  their  use- 
fulness, and  have  passed  from  existence. 

Since  the  last  meeting  of  this  Society,  I  have  received  a  letter  from  the  Hon.  H.  Marshall, 
one  of  our  representatives  in  Congress,  asking  the  consideration  of  thi3  Society  to  the  pro- 
priety of  the  enactment  of  a  law  by  Congress  authorising  the  purchase  of  such  seeds  only  by 
the  Agricultural  Bureau  as  may  be  recommended  from  time  to  time  by  the  State  Agricultural 
Societies. 

My  small  account  for  postage  and  for  stationery  having  been  rendered  to  you  on  a  former 
occasion,  Mr.  President,  and  having  been  liquidated,  I  have  only  to  return  my  grateful  ac- 
knowledgments for  the  kind  and  pleasant  intercourse  which  I  have  had  with  the  officers  and 
members  of  the  Society,  and  to  express  myself  amply  compensated,  if  in  some  small  degree 
I  have  aided  to  promote  our  common  cause  of  agricultural  improvement. 

ROBERT  W.  SCOTT,  Cor.  Sec'y. 


70 


REPORT  OF  THE 


GOV.  CHARLES  S.  MOREHEAD'S  ADDRESS. 


The  invitation  of  the  Directors  to  address  the  State  Agricultural  So- 
ciety and  the  assemblage  at  its  first  Fair,  was  promptly  and  cordially 
accepted  by  Governor  Morehead.  It  was  delivered  at  noon  in  the 
amphitheatre  on  the  second  day  of  the  Fair,  to  a  large  and  attentive 
assemblage  ;  and  being  in  all  respects  an  address  of  superior  merit, 
it  was  well  received,  and  produced  a  salutary  effect.  The  Directors 
esteemed  it  of  so  much  value  that  they  caused  one  thousand  copies  of 
it  to  be  printed  and  published,  in  connection  with  the  awards  of 
premiums. 

It  was  received  with  much  favor  by  the  reading  public,  and  its  in- 
sertion here  is  highly  appropriate,  and  will  be  cordially  received. 

ADDRESS   OF    GOV.    CHARLES    S.    MOREHEV.D,    DELIVERED    BEFORE    THE 
STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  PARIS,  OCTOBER  1,  1856. 

We  have  assembled  for  the  first  time  as  a  State  Agricultural  Society,  under 
Legislative  patronage,  to  endeavor  to  contribute  in  some  degree  to  the  improve- 
ment of  the  greatest  department  of  human  employment. 

The  vast  assembly  around  me,  composed  as  it  is  chiefly  of  the  most  experi- 
enced, enlightened,  and  practical  farmers  of  our  State,  uniting  an  intimate  knowl- 
edge of  the  laws  of  productiveness  with  a  just  theory  of  their  application,  af- 
fords the  most  gratifying  evidence  of  the  interest  that  is  felt  in  agricultural  im- 
provement. The  concentrated  intelligence  and  experience  of  the  cultivators  of 
the  soil,  cannot  fail  to  impart  to  it  new  energy  and  increased  development,  I  con- 
gratulate you  upon  the  brighter  hopes  and  better  prospects  for  the  future  indica- 
ted by  this  first  great  assemblage  of  the  State  Society. 

We  have  a  country  of  which  we  may  be  justly  proud,  embracing  a  belt  of  the  globe 
extending  from  ocean  to  ocean,  and  aproaching  North  and  South  the  limit  of  the 
temperate  zone  ;  comprising  almost  every  variety  of  climate  and  soil,  and  abound- 
ing in  all  the  productions  which  can  supply  the  wants,  or  add  to  the  wealth,  and 
comfort,  and  prosperity  of  a  nation.  We  have  a  wisely  constructed  government, 
diffusing  its  blessings  over  this  immense  domain,  like  the  gentle  dews  of  heaven, 
giving  protection  to  life,  liberty,  and  property.  When  it  was  formed,  we  had  but 
thirteen  States,  and  a  population  of  something  over  three  millions  of  souls.  We 
have  now  thirty-one  States,  and  territory  enough  to  add  more  than  as  many 
more,  and  our  population  is  over  twenty-five  millions.  But  a  little  more  than  a 
half  century  ago,  our  own  State  was  comparatively  a  wilderness.  It  had  long 
been  the  theatre  of  sanguinary  conflicts  between  the  scattered  groups  of  pioneers 
and  the  wild  men  of  the  forest.  The  sites  of  the  various  rudely  constructed  pali- 
sades and  block-houses,  called  stations,  are  well  known  and  pointed  out  to  the  pass- 
ing traveler-  Legendary  tales  of  a  marauding  savage  warfare  are  associated  with 
every  spot  the  eye  can  rest  upon.  The  rifle  was  the  constant  and  almost  indispensable 
companion  of  the  husbandman.  It  was  carried  to  the  field  to  protect  the  axe,  the 
hoe,  and  the  plow.     Never  have  human   industry,   and  enterprise,   and  heroism 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  71 

achieved  a  prouder  triumph  than  in  the  settlement  of  Kentucky.  When  we  be- 
hold the  country  as  it  now  is,  in  all  its  luxuriant  beauty  and  high  cultivation,  and 
contrast  it  with  what  it  was  so  recently,  it  resembles  more  an  oriental  vision  than 
the  sober  realities  of  human  experisnce.  Persevering  industry,  unyielding  la- 
bor, and  indomitable  courage  have  triumphed  over  obstacles  which  seemed  in- 
surmountable. Behold  now  the  beauty  and  exuberant  fertility  of  the  extraor- 
dinary region  of  coutry,  in  the  heart  of  which  we  are  assembled;  its  green 
pastures,  with  herds  of  stock  unsurpassed  any  where  in  the  civilized  world  in 
beauty  and  value  ;  its  well  cultivated  fields  and  neat  and  comfortable  buildings; 
and  its  woodlands  carpeted  with  velvet  of  living  green.  We  cannot  avoid  asso- 
ciating with  this  picture,  the  human  happiness  which  mingles  with  it.  It  is  a 
visible  sign  of  comfort  and  peaceful  enjoyment — of  that  secure  and  successful 
industry  which  ensures  its  continuance.  It  unfolds  to  every  eye  images  of  health, 
temperance,  and  plenty.  Who  is  there,  in  the  bright  visions  of  human  happiness 
in  which  the  imagination  will  sometimes  indulge,  who  has  not  sighed  for  its  cool 
shades  as  a  retreat  from  the  noise  and  bustle  of  the  world,  where  the  heart,  in 
obedience  to  its  instincts,  might  find  in  the  evening  of  life  an  unpolluted  asylum. 
Over  such  scenes  religion  cannot  fail  to  shed  its  holy  influence.  It  spreads  its 
sacred  hue  over  the  verdant  hills,  the  smilin  >■  valleys,  the  murmuring  streams — 
over  all  things,  animate  and  inanimate.  It  exercises  a  blessed  influence,  steal- 
ing upon  the  heart,  softening  the  affections,  soothing  the  passions,  and  breathing 
the  spirituality  of  its  own  divinity  around  every  thing  which  the  eye  falls  upon. 
Our  fathers  had  a  wilderness  and  a  savage  enemy  to  sub  lue,  and  they  per- 
formed their  mission,  and  we  are  now  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  rich  inheritance 
they  left.  We  are  surrounded  by  blessings  which,  like  the  air  we  breathe,  and 
the  water  we  drink,  we  scarcely  take  heed  of.  We  have  a  salubrious  crimate, 
and  a  fertile  soil.  We  find  a  ready  and  profitable  market  for  all  the  products  of 
our  industry.  We  are  bounded  on  the  North  by  that  beautiful  stream  which 
bears  upon  its  placid  bosom  the  commerce  of  eight  States  of  our  confederacy, 
and  our  Western  border  is  washed  by  the  great  Father  of  Waters.  From  the 
point  where  we  stand,  we  connect  with  a  chain  of  railroads  which,  like  a  net- 
work, cover  the  whole  face  of  the  country,  giving  us  other  markets  in  addition  to 
the  mighty  outlet  provided  by  nature.  We  have  exhaustless  beds  of  iron  and 
coal,  and  other  valuable  minerals.  The  elements  of  wealth  lie  in  profusion  at 
our  feet.  With  occupations  sufficiently  diversified,  we  are  essentially  an  agricul- 
tural people.  It  is  the  basis  and  substratum  of  our  whole  prosperity.  What- 
ever can  promote  agricultural  improvement,  to  that  extent  adds  to  the  public 
prosperity.  It  was  the  conviction  of  this  truth  which  drew  from  Sir  William 
Jones  the  often  quoted  remark,  that  "he  who  makes  two  spears  of  grass  grow 
where  but  one  grew  before,  is  a  public  benefactor  far  in  advance  of  the  noblest 
chieftains,  who.  aided  by  armies  and  the  enginery  of  war,  sack  cities,  carry  con- 
quest onward  only  to  conquer,  and  subjugate  and  desolate  kingdoms." 

The  triumphs  of  agriculture  are  the  triumphs  of  civilization  and  of  peace.  The 
Father  of  his  country  has  pronounced  it  "  the  most  healthy,  the  most  indepen- 
dent, and  the  most  noble  occupation  of  man  "  Independent,  however,  as  it  ac- 
tually is,  in  furnishing  within  itself  the  means  of  necessary  subsistence,  it  should 
not  be  forgotten  that  there  is  a  mutual  dependence  of  almost  every  conceivable 
form  of  human  industry.  There  is  no  principle  of  antgonism,  certainly,  between 
any.  Agriculture  and  commerce,  the  mechanic  arts  and  manufactures,  impart, 
vitality  and  vigor  to  each  other.  One  cannot  exist,  in  any  degree  of  perfection, 
without  the  others.  The  chase  and  the  fisheries  may  yield  something,  but  man 
c  uld  not  subsist  in  a  civilized  state  without  agriculture.  It  spreads  the  great 
and  bountiful  table  from  which  civilized  man  receives  his  daily  bread.  But  with- 
out the  mechanic  arts,  the  husbandman  would  be  destitute  of  those  agricultural 
implements  which  are  indispensable  to  replenish  and  subdue  the  earth.     Without 


72  REPORT  OF  THE 

manufactures  he  would  be  deprived  of  fabrics  of  utility,  convenience,  and  ele- 
gance. Without  commerce  there  could  be  no  interchange  of  commodities,  no 
division  of  labor,  no  wealth,  no  improvement  in  the  arts,  no  advancement  in  hu- 
man society.  These  forms  of  labor  occupy  different  departments,  mutually  de- 
pendent one  upon  the  other,  and  make  up  that  circle  of  human  industry  which 
imparts  the  highest  energy  and  the  largest  amount  of  prosperity  to  a  State.  The 
sister  arts  of  industry  sustain  and  support  each  other.  They  are  bound  in  a 
circle  with  a  golden  chain,  and  as  they  move  in  their  path  of  light,  do  joint  hom- 
age to  the  jeweled  diadem  of  honest  labor. 

In  connection  with  this  mutual  dependence,  it  may  not  be  inappropriate  to  al- 
lude also  to  the  dependence  of  the  different  countries  of  the  earth  upon  each 
other,  and  of  the  different  parts  of  the  same  country.  The  beneficent  creator. of 
all  good,  has  given  to  us  the  different  climates  of  the  world,  with  the  mountains 
and  the  plains,  and  the  varieties  of  soils,  with  their  vast  variety  of  capabilities  ; 
thus  indicating  that  the  inhabitants  of  different  climates  are  to  labor  for  each  other, 
and,  by  the  diffusive  influence  of  an  active  commerce,  supply  to  each  other  whatever 
surplus  of  their  productions  might  be  needed  or  required.  Some  climates  produce 
the  spice  trees  and  the  coffee  plant ;  others  vines  and  oranges,  the  mulberry  and 
silk-worm  ;  others  hemp  and  tobacco  ;  others  sugar,  cotton,  and  rice  ;  and  others 
again,  corn  and  the  esculent  plants  most  needful  for  man.  The  best  appropria- 
tion of  labor  is,  undoubtedly,  that  which  is  indicated  by  the  climate  and  soil. 
There  is  no  more  striking  exemplification  of  this  truth  than  that  which  our  own 
country  affords.  We  have  thirty-one  sovereign  States — not  like  the  States  of 
Europe,  barricaded  by  custom-houses,  with  police  regulations  bristleing  around 
the  boundaries  of  each — but  bound  together  by  a  Federal  Constitution  which  se- 
cures to  the  people  of  each  State  all  the  privileges  of  a  citizen  of  every  other. 

By  a  provision  of  that  constitution,  the  commerce  between  the  States  must  for- 
ever remain  free  and  unshackled,  subject  alone  to  be  regulated  by  a  common 
government.  How  far  the  interests  of  the  grain  growing  and  stock  producing 
States  have  been  promoted  by  extending  the  cultivation  of  sugar,  cotton,  and  rice, 
may  be  inferred  from  the  census  of  1850,  and  the  reports  on  the  commerce  and 
navigation  of  the  United  States  subsequently  made  to  Congress.  Cotton  and  to- 
bacco constitute  the  great  bulk  of  our  exports  of  agricultural  products.  The 
production  of  sugar  does  not  yet  equal  our  consumption  of  it,  and  we  import, 
leaving  out  fractions,  four  hundred  and  forty-five  millions  of  pounds  to  make  up 
the  deficiency.  But  of  the  cotton  and  tobacco  produced  in  our  country,  something 
more  than  two  thirds  is  exported,  while  of  all  other  agricultural  products  there 
is  less  than  one  forty-sixth  part  exported.  For  the  year  1853,  which  is  the  only 
conveniently  accessible  table  I  have  been  able  to  lay  my  hands  upon,  the  total 
value  of  the  cotton  crop  of  the  United  States  amounted  to  about  $128,000,000, 
of  which  we  exported  $109,456,404,  leaving  for  domestic  consumption  alone, 
$18,543,596.  The  value  of  the  tobacco  crop  for  the  same  year  was  $19,900,000, 
of  which  we  exported  $11,319,319.  The  value  of  all  other  agricultural  pro- 
ductions, comprising  cattle  and  their  products,  horses  and  mules,  sheep  and  wool, 
hogs  and  their  products.  Indian  corn  and  meal,  wheat,  flour  and  biscuit,  rye  meal, 
other  grains,  and  peas  and  beans,  potatoes,  hay,  hemp,  cane  and  maple  sugar  and 
rice,  amounting  to  the  aggregate  sum  of  $1,551,176,490,  out  of  which  vast 
amount  we  exported  only  $33,809,126.  Foreign  nations,  generally  speaking, 
can  grow  their  own  provisions,  but  cannot  produce  cotton  and  tobacco.  The  in- 
crease of  cities,  and  mechanics  and  manufactures  at  the  North,  and  the  constant 
expansion  in  the  cultivation  of  the  great  Southern  staple,  have  augmented  and 
must  continue  to  augment  the  markets  for  provisions,  and  promote  the  prosperity 
of  all  the  grain  growing  States.  Of  the  one  hundred  and  nine  millions  of  cotton 
exported,  it  is  not  practicable  to  assign  the  portion  which  should  be  credited  to 
the  country  lying  north  of  the  cotton  region.     The  mules  and  horses,  pork  and 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  73 

bacon,  coarse  cottons,  linseys  and  jeans,  bagging  and  rope,  plows  and  other  ag- 
ricultural implements  from  the  West,  and  boots,  shoes,  and  hats,  gins  and  ma- 
chinery from  the  East,  constitute  really  a  portion  of  no  inconsiderable  amount  of 
this  large  export.  As  the  grazing  and  grain  growing  States  increase  their  sur- 
plus productions,  the  planter  is  enabled,  by  being  measurably  relieved  from  rais- 
ing food,  to  extend  the  culture  of  cotton.  Our  exports  are  thus  increased,  our 
foreign  commerce  enlarged,  our  home  market  extended,  and  the  wealth  of  the 
nation  in  every  way  promoted. 

These  several  interests  are  sustained  by  each,  other,  and  act  as  reciprocal  ele- 
ments of  expansion.  Suppose,  by  any  political  convulsion,  the  planters  should 
be  forced  to  raise  their  provisions  and  draught  animals,  and  to  supply  all  the  ne- 
cessary clothing  for  their  slaves.  It  is  apparent  that  the  export  of  cotton  would 
be  greatly  diminished,  if  not  cease  altogether.  The  lands  of  the  cotton  States, 
with  the  amount  of  labor  now  there,  could  be  made  to  yield  but  little  more  than 
would  subsist  their  own  population,  and  supply  the  cotton  now  demanded  by  our 
own  country.  If  this  be  so,  and  I  have  seen  such  an  estimate  made  by  those 
best  .informed  on  this  subject,  the  surplus  of  cotton  to  the  value  of  one  hundred 
millions,  now  annually  sent  abroad,  stands  as  the  representative  of  the  yearly 
supplies  of  every  kind  received  from  the  industry  north  of  the  cotton  line.  We 
thus  perceive  the  reciprocal  dependence  of  the  different  sections  of  our  confedera- 
cy. There  is  no  ground  for  jealousy  or  mutual  strife  when  these  interests  are 
understood  and  properly  appreciated.  Paralize  the  industry  of  any  one  section 
of  this  great  country,  and  with  the  rapidity  of  the  electric  shock  its  influence  will 
be  deeply  and  sensibly  felt  by  every  other  section.  Indeed  the  interests  of  all 
commercial  countries  are  so  blended  that  we  listen  with  eager  anxiety  to  the  news 
of  good  or  bad  crops  every  where.  The  cotton  planter  feels  as  much  interest 
about  a  wet  or  a  dry  harvest  in  England  as  the  English  farmer  himself  does  ;  and, 
on  the  other  hand,  England  is  quite  as  sensitive  as  to  the  prospect  of  the  cotton 
crop  of  America.  To  use  the  language  of  the  London  Economist,  "  The  lives  of 
nearly  two  millions  of  our  countrymen  are  dependent  on  the  cotton  crops  of  Ameri- 
ca ;  their  destiny  may  be  said,  without  any  kind  of  hy  perbole,  to  hang  upon  a 
thread.  Should  a  dire  calamity  befall  the  land  of  cotton,  a  thousand  of  our  mer- 
chant ships  would  rot  idly  in  dock  ;  ten  thousand  mills  must  stop  their  busy  looms  ; 
and  two  thousand  thousand  mouths  would  starve  for  lack  of  food  to  feed  them." 

Having  thus  given  a  rapid  sketch  of  the  mutual  dependence  of  all  forms  of  in- 
dustry, and  more  particularly  of  the  ligaments  of  mutual  interest  which  now 
unite  the  different  sections  of  our  own  great  confederacy,  may  I  not  be  allowed  to 
pause  for  a  moment  to  ask,  where  breathes  the  man  who  can  raise  the  paricidal 
arm  to  break  the  o-olden  chain  which  now  binds  us  together  as  one  nation  ?  Not 
in  Kentucky,  I  am  sure  ;  for  if  there  is  a  spot  in  this  wide  domain  of  confedera- 
ted States,  where  loyalty  to  the  Union  has  become  a  holy  sentiment  of  the  heart, 
it  is  among  the  farmers  of  Kentucky.  Who  can  reason  about  a  dissolution  of 
this  Union,  or  what  imagination  paint  its  horrors  ?  If  ever  done,  it  will  be  in  a 
paroxism  of  frenzy,  when  reason  has  been  dethroned,  and  madness  rules  the  hour. 
Whenever  done,  the  gaunt  demons  of  civil  discord,  and  ambition,  and  anarchy, 
will  be  unfettered  and  let  loose  amid  the  shrieks  of  liberty,  to  scatter  desolation 
and  ruin  over  a  smiling  land. 

But  I  have  a  deep  conviction  that  God  will  preserve  us  for  a  nobler  end  than 
this,  and  that  the  dark  tide  of  fanaticism  which  now  threatens  to  overwhelm  us, 
will  be  stayed  in  its  destructive  march  by  the  sound  sober  sense  and  slumbering 
patriotism  of  the  American  heart.  Should  we  continue  a  united  people,  what 
imagination  can  compass  the  wonders  of  improvement  in  all  the  arts  and  sciences, 
including  agriculture,  the  noblest  of  them  all — in  the  half  century  which  is  to 
follow.  If  we  turn  the  telescope  and  look  along  the  vista  of  the  past,  we  may 
behold  the  gross  errors  of  even  great  minds,  in  the  far  distance,  one   by  one  fa- 


74  REPORT  OF  THE 

ding  away  as  they  approach  the  pedestal  on  which  we  stand.  The  dreams  of  the 
alchemist  have  been  followed  by  agricultural  chemistry,  opening  up  to  all,  the 
wonders  of  vegetable  physiology,  the  constituent  elements  of  soils,  and  the  laws 
governing  the  earth's  fertility. 

Lord  Bacon  himself,  the  great  founder  of  inductive  philosophy,  believed  that 
the  work  of  converting  the  baser  metals  into  gold  could  be  accomplished,  and, 
while  condemning  the  mode  of  procedure  of  the  alchemists,  undertook  to  give 
his  own.  He  believed  upon  the  cutting  down  an  old  tree,  "  the  stub  hath  put 
out  sometimes  a  tree  of  another  kind,  as  that  beech  hath  put  forth  birch;" 
quaintly  adding  "  that  the  cause  may  be,  for  that  the  old  stub  is  too  scanty  of 
juice  to  put  forth  the  former  tree,  and  therefore  putteth  forth  a  tree  of  a  smaller 
kind,  that  needeth  less  nourishment."  Indeed,  in  our  own  day,  in  a  work  enti- 
tled "  Vestiges  of  the  Natural  History  of  Creation,"  it  is  stated  as  a  fact  for  phi- 
losophical investigation,  that  "whenever  oats,  sown  at  the  usual  time,  are  kept 
cropped  down  during  summer  and  autumn,  and  allowed  to  remain  over  the  win- 
ter, a  thin  crop  of  rye  is  the  harvest  presented  at  the  close  of  the  ensuing  sum- 
mer." But  notwithstanding  occasional  aberrations  which  will  always  attend  the 
investigations  of  the  laws  of  nature,  and  which  are  soon  corrected  in  the  pro- 
gress of  science,  the  wonderful  advancement  in  the  useful  arts  and  sciences,  dur- 
ing the  half  century  which  has  passed,  entitle  it  to  the  claim  of  the  age  of  im- 
provement. The  profound  thoughts  and  the  sublime  discoveries  of  a  single 
great  intellect  speedily  work  their  way  into  the  channel  of  the  popular  mind,  and 
exert  their  genial  influence  upon  all  the  common  affairs  of  life.  The  names  of 
Watt  and  Fulton  are  identified  with  the  wonders  of  the  steam  engine,  and  their 
great  thoughts  have  traveled  from  the  heights  of  philosophy  to  the  humblest  walks 
of  life.  The  names  of  Davy  and  Liebig  are  known  in  connection  with  agricul- 
tural science.  While  painfully  bending  over  the  retort  and  crucible  to  detect  the 
minutest  atom  of  matter,  they  struck  out  great  truths  which  have  revolutionized 
the  agriculture  of  the  civilized  world.  The  student  in  his  closet  has  often  become 
the  great  benefactor  of  mankind.  The  invention  of  the  cotton  gin  by  Whitney, 
the  humble  teacher  in  the  family  of  a  Southern  planter,  has  exerted  more  won- 
derful influence  on  the  agricultural  and  mechanical  industry  of  the  world,  than 
perhaps  any  other  machine  which  ever  came  from  the  hands  of  man.  Nothing 
is  more  true  than  that  the  industry  of  thought  and  of  the  intellect  can  alone  give 
impulse  to  the  industry  of  the  hand.  Would  you  have  the  highest  perfection  to 
which  the  industry  of  the  people  can  attain,  you  must  necessarily  mingle  with  it, 
to  a  greater  or  less  degree,  the  elements  eliminated  in  the  closet  of  the  student. 
A  wise  community  will  therefore  insist  on  the  highest  grade  of  education,  to  turn 
out,  if  it  be  only  occasionally  and  at  long  intervals,  philosophers  and  men  of 
science  exclusively  devoted  to  thought,  observation,  and  experiment,  and  the 
best  if  not  the  only  means  of  any  radical  improvement  in  the  arts  of  daily  ap- 
plication, and  which  will  come  home  to  the  fireside  of  the  farmer  and  working 
man. 

If  it  be  true,  and  no  one  who  will  reflect  can  doubt  it,  how  transcendently  im- 
portant is  it  that  those  engaged  in  agriculture  should  be  so  educated  in  their  pro- 
fession as  to  receive  the  full  benefit  of  whatever  improvements  science  may  de- 
velope.  I  do  not  speak  here  of  the  education  imparted  by  the  schoolmaster  alone, 
in  the  morning  of  life.  That  does  but  little  more  than  teach  the  mind  how  to  use 
its  latent  faculties.  What  is  actually  learned  at  school  is  only  the  foundation  for 
the  future  superstructure,  which  the  ever  active  and  restless  intellect,  when  once 
aroused,  is  to  build  for  itself.  The  real  education  of  life  begins  when  the  educa- 
tion of  the  school  is  finished.  The  constant  intercourse  of  vigorous  minds  di- 
rected into  the  same  general  channels  of  thought;  the  collision  and  sympathy  of 
intellect  in  the  pursuit  of  a  I'ommon  object;  and  the  inspiring  emulation  in  a  noble 
rivalry  to  excel,  cannot   but  have  the  effect  of  multiplying  experience  and  propa- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  75 

gating  the  gathered  treasures  of  knowledge  by  the  mutual  action  and  reaction  of 
all  the  minds  engaged  in  the  same  pursuit.  It  is  in  this  way  that  agricultural 
societies  have  become  the  nurseries  and  schools  for  the  science  and  practice  of 
agriculture.  When  wisely  and  properly  conducted,  there  is  perhaps  no  other 
medium  of  diffusing  knowledge,  and  exciting  inquiry  and  investigation  so  effective 
as  this.  Here  are  collected  the  finest  and  most  valuable  of  all  the  domestic  ani- 
mals; the  most  luxuriant  and  beautiful  plants,  vegetables  and  flowers  which  the 
season  has  produced;  and  here  is  shown  the  operation  of  mind  upon  the  materials 
of  nature,  in  the  greatest  perfection,  utility,  and  beauty. 

Profoundly  impressed  with  the  importance  and  value  of  such  an  agency  for  the 
advancement  of  the  agriculture  of  our  State,  I  felt  it  my  duty,  as  its  chief  executive 
officer,  to  direct  the  attention  of  the  Legislature  to  the  subject  in  my  annual  mes- 
sage, and  invoke  that  aid  and  patronage  demanded  by  the  magnitude  of  the  in- 
terests involved.  A  response  was  given  not  unworthy  of  the  representatives  of 
the  great  agricultural  State  of  Kentucky,  and  we  are  now  assembled  under  new 
and,  1  trust,  more  flattering  auspices  than  have  heretofore  characterized  the  ef- 
forts in  the  cause  of  agricultural  improvement.  It  is  but  natural  that  I  should 
feei  more  than  ordinary  interest  in  the  success  of  the  great  experiment  this  day 
inaugurated.  Would  that  I  felt  competent  to  aid  you  in  the  development  of 
the  practical  plans  of  improvement  of  that  great  interest  which  lies  so  near  to 
the  hearts  of  us  all.  But  I  am  relieved  by  the  knowledge  that  the  subject  is  in 
hands  of  the  most  enlightened  and  experienced  farmers  of  Kentucky — men  dis- 
posed alike  to  adopt  the  suggestions  of  wisdom  and  to  avoid  the  rashness  of  mere 
innovation.  Your  object  is  not  merely  to  exhibit  to  the  admiring  gaze  of  this 
vast  and  eager  audience  your  superior  animals,  the  various  products  of  your  in- 
dustry and  skill,  or  the  beauriful  handiwork  of  your  fair  daughters.  It  is  to  take 
one  step  forward  in  the  march  of  agricultural  improvement  to  diffuse  a  knowledge 
of  the  best  implements  of  husbandry — to  teach  the  best  methods  of  cultivation — 
to  find  out  the  constituent  elements  of  our  various  soils,  and  to  make  all  matters 
of  interest  to  the  farmer  subjects  of  investigation,  inquiry,  comparison,  and  ex- 
citement. Agriculture  is  science  and  art  combined.  The  great  object  you  have 
in  view  is  to  find  out  the  best  method  of  producing  the  largest  yield  from  mother 
earth,  with  the  least  amount  of  labor,  and  with  the  least  impoverishment  of  the 
soil.  If  science  does  not  teach  how  to  cultivate  the  earth  without  abstracting 
some  of  the  elements  necessary  to  the  production  of  particular  plants,  it  shows 
us  the  best  mode  of  restoring  those  elements,  and  of  supplying  others  which  may 
be  necessary  for  increased  fertility.  Before  any  given  manure  is  applied,  we  must 
know  the  constituent  elements  of  the  soil — their  relative  proportions — the  ele- 
ments and  organization  of  the  plants  to  be  grown  upon  it,  and  the  adaptation  of 
the  soil  to  the  plant.  Modern  chemistry  has  directed  its  analytical  researches  to 
the  structure  and  composition  of  plants,  to  the  apparatus  of  vegetable  life,  to  "the 
organs  by  which  they  derive  nourishment  from  particular  elements  of  the  earth, 
and  to  the  process  of  assimulating  the  supplies  thus  obtained  to  their  support  and 
growth.  It  thus  becomes  important  to  know  the  elementary  parts  of  the  plant  to 
be  grown,  and  whether  the  soil  contains  these  elements  in  sufficient  abundance  to 
give  the  largest  production. 

The  progress  of  chemical  science  in  its  application  to  the  vegetable  world  and 
and  the  analysis  of  soils,  showing  as  it  does  the  close  analogy  between  vegetable 
and  animal  life,  the  like  necessity  for  wholesome  and  nutritious  food  as  applicable 
to  each,  and  the  consequent  increase  of  this  food  to  vegetables,  by  properly  pre- 
pared manures,  combined  with  an  improved  process  of  cultivation,  have  already 
increased  the  productive  power  of  the  earth  in  a  ratio  beyond  any  previous  ex- 
ample in  the  history  of  agriculture.  The  manure  applied  to  the  soil  of  England 
alone  amounts  annually  in  value  to  three  hundred  millions  of  dollars,  producing 
a  degree  of  fertility  far  beyond  that  of  our  richest  lands. 


76  REPORT  OF  THE 

In  Kentucky  we  have  done  nothing  more  than  reap  the  benefit  arising  from  a 
judicious  rotation  of  crops,  and  the  renovating  influence  of  clover  and  grass. 
This  has  been  in  a  great  degree  owing  to  our  ignorance  of  the  constituent  ele- 
ments to  be  found  in  our  soils.  This  Avill.  in  an  eminent  degree,  be  remedied  by 
the  geological  survey  of  the  State,  now  in  progress  under  the  elightened  patron- 
age of  our  Legislature.  The  survey  will  be  of  immediate,  direct  and  enduring 
importance  to  the  agricultural  interests  of  the  Commonwealth.  Apart  from  the 
exhaiistless  mineral  wealth  which  it  will  and  has  already  developed,  it  will  fur- 
nish an  accurate  analysis  of  soils  from  every  locality  of  the  Slate.  The  soil, 
subsoil,  and  strata  will  be  analyzed,  and  all  their  constituent  elements  made  known. 
It  will  furnish  data  for  tracing  the  natural  manures,  discriminating  between  the 
pure  and  magnesian  limestone — showing  which  of  them  possess  the  powerful  ele- 
ment of  phosphorus,  and  Avhich  are  deficient — the  strata  which  arc  calcarous  and 
those  which  are  gypseous,  and  all  the  essential  elements  in  combination  to  pro- 
duce the  most  prolific  soil.  I  might  multiply  instances  of  the  radical  changes 
which  have  been  made  in  the  whole  face  of  a  country  by  scientific  geological  in- 
vestigations. 

In  the  Netherlands,  the  results  of  geological  science  have  converted  the  most 
barren  soil  into  fruitful  fields.  The  drifted  sands  of  Cape  Cod  have  become  beau- 
ful  green  pastures.  The  marl  region  of  New  Jersey  hae  been  enriched  to  an  al- 
most indefinite  extent,  and  the  exhausted,  worn  out  farms  of  Eastern  Virginia 
have  assumed  anew  livery  under  the  benign  influence  of  geological  science.  The 
value  of  our  geological  survey,  therefore,  cannot  be  too  highly  estimated  in  the 
influence  which  it  is  to  exert  on  the  agricultural  industry  of  the  State. 

The  business  of  your  Association  will  be  to  disseminate  the  practical  knowledge 
to  be  thus  gained,  as  well  as  that  upon  all  other  subjects  connected  with  agricul- 
ture. It  is  impossible  for  every  farmer  to  make  the  practical  tests  and  experi- 
ments which  are  necessary  to  improve  the  soil,  the  mode  of  culture,  or  in  the  ap- 
plication of  the  best  implements  of  husbandry.  This  can  only  be  done  effective- 
ly through  the  medium  of  this  Society,  and  through  such  agency  every  improve- 
ment will  almost  imperceptibly  work  its  way  into  general  adoption,  and  swell  the 
increasing  tide  of  public  prosperity. 

But  to  place  the  future  and  permanent  interests  of  agriculture  upon  a  sure 
basis,  the  rising  generation  of  farmers  must  be  educated  for  their  profession — 
they  must  be  taught  theoretically,  as  well  as  practically,  everything  pertaining  to 
successful  husbandry — they  must  learn  the  science  as  well  as  the  art  of  agricul- 
ture. The  proper  mode  of  effecting  this  object,  which  is  unversally  conceded  to 
be  of  paramount  importance,  I  cannot,  in  the  time  which  I  have  allowed  myself, 
stop  to  discuss.  No  greater  error  was  ever  committed  than  that  education,  ex- 
cept to  a  very  limited  extent,  was  unnecessary  for  those  who  intend  to  devote  them- 
selves to  the  pursuit  of  a  farmer.  I  have  attempted  to  show  the  range  of  science 
which  has  been  made  tributary  to  the  agricultural  art.  But  besides  that  necessary 
knowledge  of  his  profession,  the  farmer  stands  in  the  centre  of  our  great  social 
system,  and  is  the  granite  basis  of  every  other  interest  of  the  nation,  and  he  must 
take  his  part — always  a  prudent  and  efficient  part — in  the  administration  of  public 
affairs,  and  in  all  the  duties  of  a  citizen  under  our  complex  system  of  government, 
and  be  prepared  to  add  his  contribution  to  the  public  service  in  every  responsible 
station  where  he  can  be  most  useful  to  his  country.  But  if  there  be  those — and 
there  are  always  many  such — who  cannot  be  induced  to  change  the  calm  and  se- 
rene happiness  of  rural  life  for  any  public  duties  whatever,  the  cultivation  of  the 
intellectual  faculties  in  every  stage  of  life  constitutes  the  most  rational  and  active 
element  of  human  enjoyment.  An  individual  engaged  in  the  daily  routine  and 
bustle  of  business  may  relieve  the  tedium  of  weary  moments  by  the  ever  varying 
and  shifting  scenes  which  pass  before  him;  but  the  farmer,  in  a  greater  degree 
perhaps  than  any  other  pursuit  in  life,  must  draw  from  his  own  heart  the  hue 


STATE  AGRlCULTiIUL  SO'JILTV.  77 

which  colors  the  web  of  his  existence.  He  ought  to  be  able  to  draw  at  pleasure 
from  the  living  fountains  within,  where  have  been  gathered  the  treasures  of  knowl- 
edge. 

This  generation  will  die  and  pass  away,  and  our  children  must  take  up  the  great 
work  and  keep  pace  with  the  progress  of  improvement  of  the  age  in  which  they 
live.  To  aid  in  preparing  them  for  the  responsibilities  which  are  soon  to  devolve 
upon  them,  under  the  wise  patronage  of  the  Commonwealth,  a  system'of  common 
schools  has  been  established,  which  is  now  in  successful  operation,  and  which  will 
compare  favorably  with  those  of  any  other  State  of  the  Union.  We  have  more 
than  two  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  children  at  school,  and  an  ample  fund  ren- 
dered sacred  and  dedicated  by  the  Constitution  to  the  cause  of  popular  education. 
In  connection  with,  and  as  a  part  of  the  system,  we  have  a  Normal  school,  under 
the  direction  of  able  and  accomplished  professors,  where  teachers,  selected  from 
our  own  children,  are  prepared  for  the  high  dudes  which  are  to  devolve  upon  them, 
and  where  the  highest  grade  of  education  may  be' obtained  by  all. 

It  should  be  the  duty  of  every  patriot  by  all  the  means  in  his  powrer  to  aid  in 
perpetuating  this  whole  system  by  improving  and  rendering  it  more  efficient  with 
each  revolving  year,  until  there  shall  not  be  one  child  in  the  Commonwealth  des- 
titute of  the  elements  of  a  good  education. 

I  congratulate  you  upon  this  condition  of  things,  and  especially  do  I  congratu- 
late you,  with  all  the  brightening  hopes  of  the  future  before  you,  on  being  cultivators 
of  the  soil.  It  is  the  noblest  pursuit  of  man.  According  to  the  fanciful  mytholo- 
gy of  the  ancients,  Ceres,  the  goddess  of  harvests,  having  failed  in  her  attempt  to 
give  immortality  to  Triptolemus,  endowed  him  with  the  next  most  valuable  gift 
she  had  to  bestow — the  art  of  cultivating  the  earth.  That  divine  art  is  yours — 
you  need  not  her  celestial  chariot  drawn  by  dragons  to  carry  your  art  to  its  high- 
est perfection.  You  are  Kentucky  farmers,  with  a  country  unsurpassed  in  beauty 
and  fertility,  already  in  a  high  state  of  cultivation.  The  land  you  cultivate  is 
your  own.  You  are  subject  10  no  oppressive  exactions.  You  are  in  the  enjoy- 
ment of  unparalleled  prosperity.  The  organic  law  under  which  you  live  guaran- 
tees to  you  life,  liberty  and  property.  Every  man  worships  God  according  to  the 
dictates  of  his  own  conscience,  and  may  pour  out  the  gratitude  of  his  heart  in  any 
temple  he  may  choose,  for  all  the  blessings  by  which  he  is  surrounded.  Your 
occupation,  more  than  that  of  any  other,  except  a  ministration  at  the  altar  of  God, 
produces  a  spirit  of  contentment  and  equanimity  of  temper.  Sobriety,  morality, 
and  the  orderly  observance  of  all  the  laws  of  society  and  of  the  land,  are  your 
proud  characteristics.  With  these  manifold  blessings  of  Providence,  you  ought 
to  be  happy. 

•''For  you  the  spring 
Distills  her  dews,  and  from  the  silken  gem 
Its  lucid  leaves  unfold — lor  you  the  hand 
Of  autumn  tinges  every  fertile  branch 
With  blooming  gold  and  blushes  like  the  morn." 

Following  a  calling  the  most  auspicious  for  your  own  happiness  and  moral  ele- 
vation, I  am  sure  I  need  not  say  that  high  and  responsible  duties  are  de- 
volved upon  you.  In  addition  to  the  impulse  you  are  called  upon  to  give  to 
the  march  of  agricultural  improvement  by  your  enlarged  experience  and  observa- 
tion, and  to  the  duty  of  beautifying  your  farms  with  trees,  shrubs,  fruits,  and 
flowers,  and  of  cultivating  a  taste  for  a  chaste  and  pure  order  of  architecture  for 
farm  buildings,  you  have  political  duties  imposed  upon  you  of  no  less  magnitude 
and  importance.  The  future  destiny  of  this  country  is,  to  a  great  extent,  in  your 
hands.  We  occupy  an  intermediate  position  between  the  North  and  the  South. 
The  bitterness  of  sectional  controversy,  it  cannot  be  disguised,  is  daily  loosening 
the  ties  which  bind  us  together.  We  are  so  situated  that  Kentucky  can  never 
separate  from  either  section.  Our  interests  are  indissolubly  bound  up  for  weal  or 
for  woe  in  the  destiny  of  each.     We  can  never  consent  to  become  again  "the  dark 


78  REPORT  OF  THE 

and  bloody  ground;"  the  baftle  field  for  contending  factions.  No!  Kentucky, 
with  one  heart  and  one  impulse,  has  nailed  the  flag  of  the  Union  to  the  mast,  and 
her  motto  is,  that  she  will  live  or  die  under  its  broad  stripes  and  bright  scars. 
Oh  !  listen  not  to  that  syren  song  that  would  whisper  in  your  ear  that  there  is  a 
diversity  of  interest  between  Kentucky  and  any  other  section,  and  that  our  con- 
dition would  be  better  in  a  new  confederacy  of  States  with  more  homogeneous 
materials.  I  know  well  that  you  will  adhere  with  the  pertinacity  of  sturdy  free- 
men to  your  constitutional  rights;  but  at  the  same  time  it  is  your  duty  as  patriots 
to  cultivate  a  feeling  of  kindness  for  every  section  of  our  common  country — to 
habituate  yourselves,  and  to  instill  it  in  the  minds  of  your  children  to  regard 
sacredly  and  with  reverence  the  maxims  and  precepts  of  the  Father  of  his  Coun- 
try— to  accustom  yourselves  to  look  upon  the  thirty-one  States  of  this  Union  as 
one  country — one  in  interest  and  one  in  destiny. 

That  our  own  beloved  State  shall  forever  remain  a  bright  star  in  the  glorious 
galaxy  of  States  which  is  now  shedding  its  light  upon  the  world,  is  the  silent  as- 
piration and  fervent  prayer  of  every  true  Kentuckian.  We  all  look  to  her  as  to  a 
loving  mother,  and  from  the  heart's  profoundest  depths,  invoke  for  her  this  bless- 
ing of  Heaven. 


PRIZE  ESSAYS. 


Premiums  were  awarded  to  the  following  seven  essays  by  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society,  in  1856.  Several  others  were  pre - 
sented,but  were  not  deemed  worthy  of  this  distinction  by  the  respec- 
tive judges.  These  were  written  by  gentlemen  of  the  highest  intel- 
ligence, and  of  practical  experience  in  their  professions.  The  avidity 
with  which  they  have  already  been  sought,  is  an  evidence  of  the  high 
appreciation  of  them  by  the  reading  community.  The  wide  diffusion 
of  them  cannot  fail  to  be  as  useful  as  it  will  be  gratifying  to  the  com- 
munity. 

Essay  by  Albert  Allen,  of  Fayette  county,  to  ivhom  was  awarded  the  first  Premium,. 

ON  BREEDING  STOCK  OF  ANY  KIND. 

Gentlemen  of  the  State  Board  : 

Presuming  that  the  dissemination  of  useful  knowledge  was  the  cardinal  ob- 
ject in  view,  when  you  issued  your  proposals  for  essays  on  the  various  subjects 
connected  with  the  agricultural  interests  of  our  State,  I  have  concluded  to  con- 
tribute from  my  slender  resources  a  few  thoughts  upon  a  topic  which  you  have 
been  pleased  to  designate  as  follows,  to-wit :  "  On  Breeding  Stock  of  any  Kind." 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  S0CIE1Y.  79 

To  a  superficial  observer  this  may  seem  a  subject  of  no  great  magnitude  or 
practical  utility,  and  hence  one  to  which  but  little  importance  should  be  attached. 
Facts,  however,  show  it  to  be  otherwise,  and  one  worthy  the  earnest  considera- 
tion and  careful  investigation  of  every  agriculturalist  in  the  land. 

Possessed,  as  we  are,  of  a  great  and  growing  country,  of  an  area  of  1,466,- 
445,680  acres,  which  contain  on  their  surface  more  than  twenty-three  millions  of 
human  being's,  whose  subsistence  and  wealth  depend  chiefly  on  bringing  into 
employment  the  labors  of  our  domestic  animals,  in  ihe  cultivation  of  the  soil,  and 
also  the  use  of  their  flesh  and  milk  as  articles  of  food,  their  utility  is  most  obvious. 
But  when  we  reflect  that  our  State,  so  exuberant  in  soil,  and  producing  so  luxu- 
riantly almost  every  variety  of  grain  and  grass,  has  comparatively  few  facilities 
for  transporting  these  abundant  productions  to  best  markets,  and  that  we  are 
therefore  compelled  to  provide  the  most  profitable  consumption  of  them  at  our 
own  doors,  by  which  we  may  realize,  in  representative  value,  the  highest  price, 
the  breeding  of  stock  becomes  a  matter  of  the  greatest  interest  and  importance. 

The  annual  production  of  Indian  corn,  alone,  in  the  State  of  Kentucky,  as 
shown  by  the  statistics  of  1850,  is  54,672,591  bushels,  which,  at  the  low  esti- 
mate of  twenty-five  cents  per  bushel,  makes  over  fourteen  millions  six  hundred 
and  sixty-eight  thousand  dollars  of  capital.  One  half  of  this,  at  least,  must  be 
locked  up  to  the  grower  until  he  can  convert  this  vast  amount  into  some  other 
form,  by  which  he  may  realize  its  true  value. 

The  feeding  of  horses,  jacks  and  males,  and  the  production  of  beef,  mutton 
and  pork,  are  the  only  available  means  by  which  he  can  make  this  change  ;  and 
when  we  remember  that  this  contemplates  only  the  disposal  of  one  out  of  the 
many  productions  of  our  cultivated  lands,  and  that  there  yet  remains  to  be  esti- 
mated the  value  of  grasses  on  10,981,478  acres  of  unimproved  lands,  which 
should  be  appropriated  to  the  best  use,  the  very  economy  of  our  State  dunands, 
not  only  an  abundant  supply  of  these  animals,  but  a  supply  of  such  as  will 
yield  proportionally  with  the  value  of  products  consumed  by  them  the  greatest 
return  in  money. 

That  this  great  source  of  wealth  has  been  much  neglected  until  late  years, 
statistical  facts  will  abundantly  show.  From  various  causes,  among  which  we 
may  distinguish  a  more  widely  extended  scientific  acquaintance  with  the  qualities 
of  our  soil,  the  use  of  manures,  and  the  proper  rotation  of  crops,  we  find  that  ia 
1850,  upon  about  the  same  extent  of  farming  lands,  there  was  an  increased  pro- 
duction over  that  of  1840  of  more  than  18,000,000  bushels  of  corn,  1,000,000 
bushels  of  oats,  78,000  bushels  of  barley,  and  25,000  tons  of  hay,  these  being 
the  principal  food  of  animals  in  Kentucky,  while,  for  the  same  period,  there  was 
a  falling  off  of  over  14,000  head  of  horses,  mules  and  asses,  and  35,000  head 
of  neat  cattle,  with  only  an  insignificant  increase  of  sheep  and  hogs. 

We  here  clearly  see  that  either  the  supply  of  stock  in  1840  was  too  great, 
economically  considered,  for  the  production,  or  that  in  1850  the  supply  was  too 
small  or  not  commensurate  with  the  production.  We  may  believe  the  latter  of 
these  two  hypothesis  to  be  correct,  for  reasons  too  lengthy  for  an  article  like  this, 
and  if  so,  it  proves  a  sad  defection  in  the  stock  growers  of  our  State. 

Without  pursuing  this  investigation  further,  if,  in  view  of  the  above  facts,  with 
only  one-third  of  our  lands  in  cultivation,  we  can  produce  more  grain  than  will 
bring  into  proper  condition  for  market  our  annual  supply  of  live  stock,  and  if, 
upon  the  other  two-thirds,  we  can  breed  and  rear  them  as  cheap  as  anywhere 
else  in  the  world — both  of  which  propositions  are  true — then  the  conclusion  is 
irresistible,  that  it  is  of  the  highest  importance  and  greatest  practical  utility  to 
engage  in  the  breeding  of  every  variety  of  live  stock.  With  the  view,  however, 
of  arousing  more  interest  in  this  matter,  calculations  of  several  consecutive  years 
might  be  submitted,  which  would  show  to  the  agriculturist  the  advantage  of  turn- 
ing his  products  into  beef,  &c,  rather  thaD  to  dispone  of  them  unchanged  in  our 


80 


REPORT  OF  THE 


markets.  Bat  being  persuaded  that  your  object  was  to  call  forth  a  thesis,  not  so 
much  upon  the  advantages  of  breeding  stock  as  upon  the  principles  regulating- 
good  breeding,  this  latter  interesting  portion  of  the  task  is  most  cheerfully  under- 
taken. 

It  is  supposed  that  the  word  Stock  is  contemplated  as  embracing  the  horse, 
ass,  mule,  ox,  sheep  and  hog,  and  that  the  term  Breeding,  relates  to  the  princi- 
ples or  mode  of  producing,  as  well  as  the  manner  of  rearing  stock. 

The  capacity  or  power  to  generate  belongs  to  all  animated  beings,  while  a  law 
co-extensive  with  that  power,  obtains  among  them  all,  requiring  them  to  "  bring- 
forth  after  their  kind."  From  this  law,  coeval  with  creation,  there  can  be  no 
departure,  but  in  harmony  with  it  man  can  cooperate  in  the  production  of  all 
that  is  beautiful,  useful  and  good  in  the  vegetable  as  well  as  the  animal  king- 
dom. All  his  wisdom,  skill  or  judgment  is  unavailing,  unless  it  be  employed 
strictly  in  aicordance  with  this  universal  law,  to  secure  the  results  expected  from 
different  combinations  or  crosses  in  reproduction.  An  acquaintance  with  the 
physiology  of  animals,  and  the  comparative  influences  of  the  sexes  in  characteri- 
zing their  offspring,  will  enable  one  to  calculate,  with  some  degree  of  certainty, 
the  results  which  will  follow  the  union  of  dissimilar  animals.  The  application  of 
these  principles  of  breeding  can  only  be  made  advantageous  as  they  are  made 
comformabie  to  the  use  or  purpose  for  which  the  animal  is  designed.  It  is  evi- 
dent that  this  use  or  purpose  must  control  every  other  consideration,  that  this 
adaptation  is  the  end  to  be  secured,  while  all  else  are  but  subjective  means  har- 
moniously co  operating  for  its  accomplishment. 

The  uses  of  each  of  the  several  species  embraced  in  the  generic  term  "stock" 
being  dissimilar,  the  special  rules  which  would  be  applicable  to  the  breeding  of 
one  would  be  unsuited  to  the  breeding  of  another.  What  would  be  found  true 
in  the  breeding  of  the  horse  would  not  prove  invariably  so  Avith  the  cow,  nor  will 
the  rules  applicable  to  the  breeding  of  sheep  apply  to  the  hog.  Each  has  to  oc- 
cupy its  relative  position — each  subserve  a  different  purpose  in  the  hands  of 
man,  and  each  must  be  produced  and  reared  in  harmony  with  its  use  and  nature. 
There  are,  however,  some  general  laws  regulating  the  judicious  breeding  of  all, 
and  having  reference  alike  to  the  nature  and  constitutions  of  all,  and  to  these 
your  attention  is  briefly  invited. 

1st.  The  best  of  every  species  should  always  be  .employed  in  making  crosses. 
The  propriety  of  this  rule  is  clearly  set  forth  in  that  true  aphorism,  "like  begets 
like."  What  would  be  thought  of  an  agriculturalist  who,  desiring  the  largest 
and  most  productive  corn,  should  select  from  his  granary  seed  from  inferior  ears 
holding  the  smallest  amount  of  fruit  ?  Would  any  sensible  horticulturist,  who 
wished  to  reproduce  the  delicate  hues  or  tints  of  some  favorite  flower,  think  of 
employing  for  that  purpose  the  seed  or  bulbs  of  one  of  that  variety  which  pos- 
sessed in  the  lowest  degree  these  desirable  qualities?  Neither  would  any  sensi- 
ble breeder  of  stock,  whose  object  was  to  improve  that  stock,  select  as  the  basis 
of  that  improvement  any  other  than  the  best  that  could  be  secured.  Deteoriation 
on  any  other  principle  would  inevitably  ensue.  I  am  aware,  however,  of  the 
discrepancy  of  opinion  that  must  necessarily  exist  in  the  minds  of  judges,  as  to 
what  constitutes  the  best,  and  hence  the  difficulty  of  a  close  observance  of  this 
rule,  and  I  am  further  aware  that  the  best  is  not  accessible  to  all  ;  nevertheless  I 
may  still  insist  on  using  the  best  that  can  be  had  until  opportunity  shall  afford  a 
better. 

2d.  There  should  be  no  close  intermingling  of  distinct  species,  or  distinct  va- 
rieties of  the  same  species  in  crossing.  In  advocacy  of  this  principle,  our  appeal 
may  be  to  reason,  experience,  or  historic  record.  I  would  not  wish  to  be  under- 
stood here  as  favoring  or  advocating  what,  in  common  parlance,  is  termed  "  in- 
and  in  breeding,"  but  on  the  contrary,  would  assert,  on  the  authority  of  some  of 
the  best  breeders  in  England  and  America,  that  close  consanguineous  crosses 
have  been  productive  of  enfeebled  constitutions,  diseased  organs,  and  other  dele- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  81 

terious  consequences.  It  is  true,  no  race  of  animated  beings  exists  that  in  its  in- 
cipiency  or  beginning  was  not  necessarily  subjected  to  "  in-and-in  breeding." 
This  necessity,  however,  does  not  prove  the  wisdom  or  propriety  of  now  volun- 
tarily adopting  a  similar  course  of  procedure.  Will  any  one  contend  that  the 
race  of  man  would  be  improved,  or  that  the  result  gained  by  an  amalgamation 
of  the  African,  Asiatic  and  European  would  be  advantageous  in  any  point  of 
view  ?  Yet  these  races  concentered  in  the  persons  of  three  brothers,  sons  of 
Noah,  four  thousand  years  ago.  The  intermarriage  of  brother  and  sister  may 
have  been  a  necessity  in  the  earliest  period  of  man's  history,  but  who  at  this 
day,  seeing  the  mental,  moral  and  physical  deterioration  necessarily  resulting 
from  such  a  state  of  things,  can  regard  it  but  with  abhorrence  ?  The  great  Crea- 
tor and  Preserver  of  all  things,  when  he  wished  to  rear  up  a  peculiar  royal  fam- 
ily, inhibited  the  close  intermarriage  of  that  family,  while  in  accordance  with 
views  here  entertained  in  reference  to  animals,  He  equally  forbade  their  alliance 
with  any  foreign  tribe  or  family.  If,  then,  there  exists  in  the  constitutions  of 
man  and  beast  any  similarity,  or  if,  in  the  whole  animal  kingdom,  there  are  close 
material  affinities — and  who  can  doubt  it? — he  who  will  admit  the  wisdom  of  the 
Divine  enactments  for  purposes  beneficial  to  man,  cannot  deny  the  wisdom  of 
that  breeder  of  live  stock  who  would  prescribe  for  his  own  adoption  rules  based 
upon  similar  laws. 

Reason  and  experience  both  teach  us,  that  if  we  would  increase  the  speed  of 
the  race  horse,  improve  the  beef  or  milk  of  the  Durham,  the  silky  fleece  of  the 
Saxon  sheep,  or  the  flesh  accumulating  property  of  the  Suffolk  hog,  we  should 
not  adopt  as  crosses  the  cart-horse,  the  scrub  or  native  cow,  the  mountain  sheep, 
nor  any  of  the  less  thrifty  or  slowly  maturing  kinds  of  swine,  but  on  the  contrary, 
we  would  employ  those  of  the  same  family,  which,  in  the  first  instance,  were  dis- 
covered to  possess  those  qualities  whose  perpetuity  was  sought  by  transmission. 

An  accumulation  of  facts,  as  handed  down  to  us  from  various  authors,  might 
here  be  subjoined  in  attestation  of  what  has  been  said,  but  only  one  statement  is 
added,  which  coming  as  it  does  from  one  of  England's  most  observant  breeders 
of  fine  stock,  the  Rev.  H.  Berry,  is  deservedly  entitled  to  regard.  He  says :  "In- 
and-in  breeding,  although  it  may  increase  and  confirm  valuable  properties,  will 
increase  and  confirm  defects,  and  no  breeder  need  be  long  in  discovering  that  in 
an  improved  state  animals  have  a  greater  tendency  to  defect  than  to  perfection." 

I  am  aware  that  in  the  latitude  given  this  principle  of  breeding,  an  apparent 
exception  may  prevail  against  its  wisdom  in  the  case  of  the  mule.  It  is  styled 
apparent,  because  it  will  be  remembered  that  what  has  been  said  relates  exclu- 
sively to  animals  capable  of  multiplying  their  own  species  ;  and  even  were  it 
otherwise,  we  have  in  this  hybrid  an  instance  of  the  evil  consequences  resulting 
from  crossing  distinct  species,  to  wit :  their  inability  to  reproduce. 

While  much  more  than  this  might  be  said  in  support  of  this  last  position,  a 
consciousness  of  growing  tedious  renders  it  necessary  to  pass  on  to  the  third  and 
last  general  rule. 

3d.  All  extremes  of  size,  form,  or  habitude  should  be  avoided.  I  may  be 
permitted  to  remark  that  this  rule  involves  the  nicest  discrimination  which  the 
breeder  is  called  upon  to  exercise,  because  all  improvement,  of  whatever  kind, 
must  affect  one  or  all  of  the  three  points,  form,  size,  or  habitude,  and  in  a  lono- 
established  race  or  breed  the  attempt  to  improve  one  of  these  properties  may  fre- 
quently result  in  injury  to  others.  If  there  were  an  equal  distribution  of  the 
qualities  peculiar  to  the  male  and  female  in  the  offspring,  the  above  rule  might 
easily  be  dispensed  with  ;  but  we  find  that  the  good  and  bad  do  not  always  thus 
blend  and  unite  in  the  production  of  an  animal  holding  a  middle  rank  between 
the  two,  but  most  frequently  the  offspring  possesses  those  qualities  which  it  has 
derived  from  the  one  parent  in  strange  contrast  with,  or  in  ill  proportion  to  those 
which  it  has  derived  from  the  other. 

6 


82  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  produce  from  the  union  of  a  large,  long  and  lank  horse,  and  a  small  short 
•compact  pony,  will  generally  prove  anything  else  than  a  medium  between  the 
two,  as  it  will  bear  resemblance  in  some  points  to  one,  and  in  others  to  the  other 
parent.  This  is  true,  not  only  in  reference  to  size  ajid  form,  in  cattle,  sheep  and 
hogs,  but  also  to  color.  Every  one  is,  perhaps  aware,  that  in  crossing  sheep,  if 
a  male  and  female  be  -employed  of  extremes  in  color,  the  one  being  white  and  the 
other  black,  their  offspring  will  not  possess  a  regular  blending  of  the  two,  thereby 
producing  an  intermediate  shade.  A  woolen  factory  can  thus  combine  them,  but 
it  is  of  rare  occurrence  on  the  part  of  nature. 

A  calf,  having  a  pure  red  sire  and  white  dam,  will  usually  receive  the  distinct 
color  of  one  or  the  other,  and  if  of  both  it  will  be  irregularly  distributed.  It  is 
because  of  this  fact,  having  respect  alone  to  taste,  that  I  have  not  included  color 
among  those  extremes  which  are  to  be  avoided.  Too  much  attention  cannot  be 
given  to  the  proper  adjustment  of  size,  form  and  habitude  of  the  sexes  in  breed- 
ing, still,  if  a  breeder  wish  to  effect  a  change  in  any  one  or  all  of  these,  and  yet 
retain  in  his  herd  other  important  qualities  already  secured,  he  must  proceed 
gradually,  or  by  slowly  progressive  crosses.  Suppose,  for  illustration,  that  in  a 
herd  of  small  unthrifty  cows,  a  breeder  should  take  an  extreme  cross  of  a  large 
and  thrifty  bull,  no  other  result  could  be  predicted  than  an  ill-formed,  unthrifty 
produce,  in  consequence  of  that  relative  agency,  of  which  I  propose  to  speak 
more  fully  elsewhere,  which  is  exerted  by  both  sire  and  dam  in  characterizing 
their  offspring. 

Without  further  advertence  to  these  rules,  on  which,  to  some  extent  at  least, 
depend  the  development  of  the  qualities  or  properties  esteemed  good,  and  the  de- 
struction of  those  considered  bad,  I  proceed  to  classify  or  separate  the  domestic 
animals  mentioned,  in  order  to  the  consideration  of  what  is  peculiar  to  each,  and 
first  in  order  should  be  placed 

THE      HORSE. 

The  history  of  this  most  noble  animal,  in  all  his  varieties,  belongs  properly  to 
the  naturalist.  His  management  is  the  duty  of  the  jockey — his  maladies  are  the 
province  of  the  farrier — his  value  belongs  to  the  rural  economist,  while  the  true 
principles  regulating  his  breeding,  on  which  depends  all  that  is  valuable  in  the 
animal,  are  left  in  the  hands  of  unskilled  and  inexperienced  agriculturalists  of 
every  grade  and  order. 

The  legitimate  bounds  of  an  essay  require  brevity  in  the  consideration  of  this 
matter,  and  it  is  regretted  that  space  will  not  allow  investigations  to  follow  out 
separately,  in  all  their  important  uses  and  bearings,  the  several  varieties  of  the 
animal  existing  in  our  midst,  and  readily  recognized  under  the  names  as  appro- 
priate to  their  several  uses  of  race,  harness,  draft,  and  saddle  horses. 

As  to  which  of  these  varieties  fills  the  most  important  place,  is  the  most  avail- 
able for  every  purpose,  or  the  most  profitable  to  breed  from  on  a  given  outlay  of 
capital,  are  questions  which  find  their  own  proper  answers  in  the  necessities  of 
the  times,  and  the  spirit  of  the  age.  No  one  variety  is  best  suited  for  all  purpo- 
ses, but  each  for  its  own  particular  use  is  better  than  another,  while  the  nomen- 
clature just  given  points  to  and  bespeaks  a  just  discrimination  and  intelligence  in 
breeding  in  accommodation  with  the  end  each  is  intended  to  subserve.  Some 
may  suppose  that,  in  this  age,  when  the  "  iron  horse  "  performs  his  travels  with 
such  velocity,  and  drags  along  with  unflagging  speed  and  spirit  his  thousand  tons, 
there  is  but  little  value  to  be  attached  to  any  or  all  varieties.  Would  such  only 
examine  a  little  more  closely  into  this  matter,  and  see  the  immense  amount  of 
capital  invested  in  this  animal  in  the  United  States,  their  views  would  be  far  dif- 
ferent. The  number  of  horses  in  the  United  States,  as  computed  in  1 850,  was 
4,336,719,  which,  at  an  average  value  of  $50  each,  would  be  $216,835,950  of 
capital,  which,  with  anything  like  skill  or  judgment  in  breeding,  could,  in  the 
•course  of  ten  years,  be  increased  more  than  twenty  per  cent. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  83 

In  France,  in  order  to  a  supply  of  cavalry  horses,  the  Government  provides 
the  requisite  number  of  stallions  for  breeding  purposes,  enacting  laws  regulating 
the  ao-e,  height  and  terms  of  service  (which  last  is  placed  as  low  as  one  dollar, 
to  two  dollars,  to  enable  every  one  to  procure  a  foal,)  and  requiring  rigid  annual 
inspection,  as  to  deformity  of  shape  and  transmissible  disease.  And  may  we  not 
indulge  the  hope,  that  while  we  look  not  to  our  government,  as  in  France,  for  its 
aid,  inspection,  or  protection  in  this  matter,  we  may  safely  rely  on  the  intelli- 
gence, enterprise  and  discrimination  of  our  people  ?  But  to  return.  It  has  been 
already  said  that  all  judicious  breeding,  of  any  animal,  contemplates  primarily 
his  use.  This  is  especially  true  of  the  horse,  whose  only  use  consists  in  the  labor, 
be  that  labor  ever  so  diversified,  which  he  performs.  The  ease  with  which  he 
performs,  the  strength  he  has  to  accomplish,  and  the  capacity  he  has  to  endure 
that  labor,  constitute  his  true  excellence,  carriage  or  style  having  respect  only 
to  appearance.  As  we  would  therefore  seek  to  improve  the  different  varieties  or 
breeds  of  the  horse,  and  thereby  secure  their  increased  value,  it  must  be  done  by 
associating  in  breeding  such  capacities  as  will  prove  equal  to  the  tasks  they  have 
to  perform.  A  horse  may  easily  perform  a  particular  kind  of  work  for  a  time, 
but  be  incapable  of  enduring  it  a  proper  length  of  time.  Another  may  be  ena- 
bled to  perform  a  certain  task,  and  yet  from  want  of  strength  be  inadequate  to 
other  service,  while  a  third  may  have  both  strength  and  endurance,  and  fall  short 
in  point  of  speed  or  time. 

To  combine,  then,  strength,  speed  and  endurance  in  one  and  the  same  animal, 
is  to  raise  him  to  the  highest  degree  of  perfection,  so  far  as  relates  to  service. 
These  qualities  being  constitutional  and  transmissible,  every  one  knows  how  to 
obtain  them,  but  to  what  extent  they  are  dependent  on  size,  form,  &c,  and  what 
is  the  relative  agency  of  the  male  and  female  in  their  production,  is  quite  a 
different  question.  An  increase  of  size  in  a  horse  is,  by  no  means,  necessarily 
an  improvement.  It  can  only  be  so  when  constitutional  ability  to  support  such 
increase  of  size  evidently  obtains,  and  thereby  a  greater  degree  of  strength  in- 
sured the  animal.  The  size  should  always  be  in  accordance  with  the  labor  he 
has  to  perform,  but  never  beyond  what  is  compatible  with  that  form  which  indi- 
cates strength,  energy  and  activity.  Without  discussing^ however,  that  size  and 
form  which  may  be  deemed  best  suited  to  the  use  for  which  he  may  be  intended, 
let  us  look  at  the  source  whence  they  are  chiefly  derivable,  and  leave  the  breeder 
to  adjust  these  according  to  his  views. 

The  importance  of  having  the  male  of  any  species  of  animal  perfect  is  mani- 
fest, for  two  reasons.  First :  His  superior  procreative  ability,  as  relates  to  nu- 
merical increase  in  a  given  time  ;  and  second :  His  predominant  influence  in  char- 
acterising his  offspring.  So  far  as  numerical  increase  is  concerned,  the  ratio  is 
about  fifty  to  one,  and  hence  in  any  race  the  impress  of  qualities  is  in  the  same 
ratio.  A  mare  in  the  usual  period  of  gestation  can  only,  if  she  be  possessed  of 
defect,  impress  one  foal,  while  the  sire  may  transmit  such  defect  as  may  attach 
to  him  to  more  than  fifty.  That  in  the  case  of  a  single  conception  he  exerts  a 
greater  influence  in  characterizing  it,  no  one  can  doubt. 

To  this  fact  every  farmer  in  the  land  lends  his  assent,  in  the  particularity  he 
manifests  in  selecting  a  complete  horse,  and  one  of  such  qualities  as  suit  him. 
Should  any  one  fail  to  be  convinced  that  such  is  the  case,  he  need  only  be  cited 
to  an  instance  always  at  hand,  to-wit :  the  resemblance  which  both  the  mule  and 
hinny  have  to  their  respective  sires.  The  mule  the  product  of  the  ass  and  mare, 
and  the  hinny  resulting  from  the  union  of  the  stallion  and  the  ass.  Both  are  the 
hybrid  offspring  of  animals  of  the  same  genus,  only  differing  in  sexual  crossings, 
yet  each  more  nearly  resembles  its  sire  in  vascular  system,  form  and  appearance, 
and  especially  in  its  mane  and  tail. 

While  the  greatest  caution  should  be  used  in  the  selection  of  a  stallion  for  these 
reasons,  no  less  care  should  be  taken  in  the  case  of  the  mare,  where  an  especia 


84  REPORT  OP  THE 

reference  is  had  to  the  single  foal,  and  it  is  desired  that  it  should  approach  its 
mother  as  its  model,  yet  it  is  the  province  of  that  mother  more  particularly  to 
impart  similar  internal  organs. 

As  to  the  comparative  size  of  the  male  and  female,  it  is  only  necessary  to  re- 
mark, that  among  jail  animals,  nature,  to  subserve  her  own  purposes,  seems  to 
have  formed  the  male  the  larger,  still  in  the  improvement  of  size,  whether  to  in- 
crease or  diminish  it,  the  size  of  the  male  should  be  adapted  to  the  object  sought. 
If,  however,  the  principle  be  true,  that  the  female  exerts  the  greater  influence 
over  the  internal  structure,  and  the  male  over  external  form  and  size,  it  may  be- 
come expedient  to  have  the  male  the  smaller  of  the  two,  in  order  that  size  may 
not  overreach  constitutional  ability,  and  be  so  great  that  the  internal  organism 
will  prove  inadequate  to  a  necessary  supply  of  muscular  strength  and  nourish- 
ment. 

By  horsemen  it  is  thought  the  age  of  the  stallion  should  vary,  as  much  as  is 
consistent  with  other  circumstances,  after  either  has  passed  its  prime,  alleging  in 
support  of  this  opinion,  that  the  superior  vigor  of  the  more  youthful  will  attach 
to  the  foal.  No  animals  of  either  sex  should  be  bred  before  the  age  of  three 
years,  as  they  have  not,  in  most  instances,  reached  their  full  development  before 
that  time,  and  any  cause  hindering  or  impairing  that  development  must  subtract 
from  their  value  for  any  purpose.  The  period  of  gestation  is  generally  eleven 
months,  and  as  many  more  days  as  the  mare  is  years  old.  The  most  usual  and 
favorable  season  of  the  year  for  parturition  is  early  spring,  as  early  as  the  cli- 
mate admits.  By  such  an  arrangement  the  colt,  in  addition  to  receiving  a  greater 
flow  of  milk,  and  that  for  a  longer  period,  will  also  be  better  prepared  to  endure 
the  cold  of  the  next  winter. 

THE       ASS. 

Before  dismissing  the  equine  family,  a  passing  notice  is  due  the  ass  and  the 
mule.  The  ass,  though  long  in  use  in  Oriental  countries  as  a  bea°t  of  burden, 
in  our  own  country,  is  made  subservient  to  but  one  valuable  purpose — that  of  be- 
getting mules.  We  learn  from  Robert  Oliver,  in  an  able  dissertation  on  the  mule, 
that  "  according  to  the  learned  Dr.  Harris,  four  different  races  of  asses  are  indi- 
cated in  the  original  Hebrew  Scriptures,  to-wit:  Para,  Chamor,  Aton  and  Orad." 
The  first  of  these  (Para,)  is  the  wild  ass  of  Arabia,  and  is  now  found  in  north- 
ern portions  of  India,  possessing  such  fleetness  that  no  horse  can  overtake  it  in 
the  chase. 

The  "Chamor  "  was  the  domestic  ass,  and  was  used  by  the  Patriarchs  for  all 
kinds  of  menial  servitude,  while  the  "  Aton"  (also  domestic,)  was  only  allowed 
to  carry  about  persons  of  distinction.  The  "  Orad,"  or  last  species  mentioned, 
is  found  in  Cappadocia  and  Africa. 

The  earliest  introduction  of  this  animal  into  America,  of  which  we  have  any 
account,  was  in  1787.  At  that  time  General  Washington  received  one  as  a  pre- 
sent from  the  King  of  Spain,  called  the  "  Royal  Gift,"  and  about  the  same  time 
another  from  General  Lafayette,  called  the  "  Knight  of  Malta."  Both  of  these 
were  kept  by  Washington,  and  bred  to  some  of  his  best  mares,  and  the  produce 
of  this  last  is  represented  to  have  been  "  active,  spirited  and  serviceable,  and 
from  stout  mares  they  attained  considerable  size. 

Since  the  days  of  Washington,  asses  have  been  extensively  scattered  over  our 
country,  and  they  are  justly  held  in  high  estimation.  Among  the  varieties  known 
here,  the  Maltese,  reckoned  to  be  descended  from  the  Arabian  "Para,"  is  gen- 
erally accounted  best. 

From  this  brief  description  of  the  ass,  the  transition  is  very  natural  and  easy 
to  his  hybrid  progeny, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  85 

THE       MULE. 

In  this  animal  we  have  a  vahiable  compound,  possessing  the  hardiness  of  the 
ass,  with  the  energy  and  activity  of  the  horse.  Incapable  of  reproduction  or 
"  breeding,"  its  consideration  may  not  properly  belong  here,  and  it  will  therefore 
receive  only  a  brief  notice.  From  its  sterility,  it  is  only  valuable  as  an  animal 
for  labor,  and  especially  as  a  sitbstitute  for  the  horse  in  warm  climates.  Con- 
trasted with  the  horse,  in  reference  to  its  use  in  this  respect,  we  find  he  has  many 
advantages,  and  among  them  may  be  found  the  following  :  1st.  His  superior 
strength,  both  in  drawing  and  in  carrying  heavy  burdens.  2d.  His  comparative 
freedom  from  disease  and  accident,  as  contrasted  with  the  horse.  3d.  His  endu- 
rance of  a  temperature  which  would  destroy  that  animal. 

Among  the  economical  advantages  may  be  mentioned  the  amount  of  food  con- 
sumed by  him,  as  being  less  than  that  necessary  for  the  horse.  Upon  this  point 
an  eminent  writer  says  :  "  Although  a  large  sized  mule  will  consume  somewhat 
more  than  half  the  food  necessary  for  the  horse,  yet  if  we  take  into  account  the 
saving  of  expense  in  shoeing,  farriery,  and  insurance  against  disease  and  acci- 
dent, we  may  safely  affirm  that  a  clear  saving  of  one-half  can  be  substantiated." 

The  second,  and  perhaps  greater,  economical  advantage  lies  in  his  superior 
longevity.  Mr.  Oliver,  to  whom  allusion  has  already  been  made,  informs  us, 
that  he  saw  in  the  West  Indies  a  mule  performing  his  task,  "that  he  was  assured 
by  the  owner  was  forty  years  old,  and  that  he  himself  owns  a  mare  mule  twenty- 
five  years  old,  which  has  been  at  work  twenty-one  years,  and  that  he  discovers 
no  diminution  in  her  powers,  and  within  a  year  past  he  has  often  taken  upwards 
of  a  ton's  weight  in  ;i  wagon  to  Boston,  a  distance  of  more  than  five  miles." 

These  considerations  have  greatly  increased  the  use  of  mules  on  the  sugar, 
rice,  and  cotton  plantations  of  the  South,  and  have  consequently  resulted  in  their 
increased  multiplication  in  Kentucky,  where,  in  1850,  there  were  of  asses  and 
mules  65,600.  This  increased  demand,  coupled  with  a  better  acquaintance  with 
the  principles  of  breeding  and  rearing  an  animal  much  more  desirable  than  those 
raised  formerly,  has,  within  the  past  ten  years,  given  to  the  breeder  an  advance 
of  more  than  one-half  in  the  value  of  his  stock,  besides  curtailing  the  expense 
incident  to  one  year's  feed. 

As  regards  the  kinds  of  mares  to  be  used  in  the  production  of  the  best  mules, 
I  have  but  to  endorse  the  views  briefly  expressed  in  the  following  quotation — 

"  They  should  be  of  large  size,  well  made,  young,  full  of  life,  large  barreled, 
but  small  limbed,  with  a  moderate  sized  head,  and  good  forehead." 

the     ox. 

In  treating  of  this  animal,  the  above  caption  or  designation  is  preferred,  be- 
cause the  word  cow  has  frequently  to  be  applied  to  the  gender  of  the  species,  and 
the  word  cattle  is  too  broad  in  its  signification,  being  used  to  denote,  besides  the 
ox,  also  the  sheep  and  hog. 

If  the  horse,  in  point  of  form  and  service,  be  justly  esteemed  the  most  noble 
of  all  animals,  the  ox  may,  in  the  diversity  of  offices  he  performs,  the  wants  he 
supplies  and  the  many  useful  purposes  he  subserves,  be  considered  the  most  use- 
ful. While  living,  he  is  the  patient  and  faithful  partner  of  the  husbandman  in 
his  toils,  his  species  daily  affording  bountiful  supplies  of  milk,  butter,  and 
cheese,  to  sustain  and  invigorate  his  physical  energies,  and  in  death  his  fattened 
body  is  made  to  minister  to  the  necessities,  comfort  and  gratification  of  a  large 
portion  of  the  human  race. 

In  patient  servitude  and  strength  he  has  no  rival  ;  in  the  nutritious  quality 
and  delicate  flavor  of  his  flesh  he  is  unsurpassed,  and  in  the  profit  to  the  grower 
or  feeder  by  the  consumption  of  vegetable  products,  none  can  boast  his  superior. 
Shall  it  then  be  thought  a  tame  and  unprofitable  pursuit,  either  to  theorize  upon, 
or  to  reduce  to  absolute  practice  those  principles  of  breeding  which  look  to  his 
improvement  ? 


86  REPORT  OF  THE 

I  repeat,  the  principles  of  breeding  which  look  to  his  improvement !  for,  from 
the  days  of  the  Patriarch  Jacob,  when  he  attended  the  herds  of  Laban  in  Meso- 
potamia, separating  the  strong  from  the  weak,  adopting  artificial  means  for  the 
production  of  varieties,  in  the  way  of  color,  &c,  the  principles  of  proper  breed- 
ing, or  the  mode  and  means  of  improvement,  have  engaged  the  attention  of  the 
lovers  of  fine  cattle  down  to  the  present  time. 

To  trace  the  history  of  this  enterprising  spirit,  on  the  part  of  such  agricultu- 
ralists, and  the  means  resorted  to  by  them  to  effect  improvement  in  native  races 
of  cattle,  might  be  a  work  of  great  interest,  but  it  is  enough  for  the  present  pur- 
pose to  accord  to  the  past  such  improvement  as  is  manifest  in  the  broad,  deep 
and  symmetrically  formed,  beautifully  colored,  and  flesh-accumulating  Durhams 
met  with  at  the  present  day.  Nor  are  these  mentioned  to  the  exclusion  of  others, 
but  simply  because  upon  this  variety  or  breed  has  been  brought  to  bear  the  true 
philosophy  of  breeding,  by  combining  in  these  animals  the  qualities  essential  to 
all  purposes,  thus  bringing  them  to  so  high  a  standard  of  perfection  as  to  place 
or  render  them  pre-eminent  in  the  estimation  of  breeders,  both  in  England  and 
America.  To  the  Durhams,  therefore,  as  being  now  the  best  and  consequently 
the  true  basis  for  further  improvement,  future  remarks  will  be  directed. 

It  is  conceded  as  a  historic  fact,  that  Messrs.  Charles  and  Robert  Colling,  of 
England,  whose  attention,  from  the  year  1785  to  the  death  of  the  latter  in  1818, 
was  given  to  the  improvement  of  this  race  of  cattle,  did  more  in  impressing  the 
Durhams  with  their  present  valuable  qualities  than  any  and  all  other  breeders. 
To  them  is  to  be  ascribed  the  earlier  great  improvements,  by  judicious  crosses  of 
this  native  race  of  cattle  ;  still  only  the  improvement,  for  as  a  variety  they  had 
existed  in  certain  districts  of  England  as  far  back  as  the  distinctive  qualities  of 
any  race  have  ever  been  noted.  It  is  then  no  "  made  up,"  but  a  modified  race, 
having  attained  its  chief  excellence  through  the  skill  and  judgment  of  these  gen- 
tlemen as  breeders. 

Let  opinion  upon  this  question  be  as  it  may,  it  does  not,  in  the  least,  militate 
against  the  object  immediately  had  in  view  in  the  mention  of  the  foregoing  facts, 
which  is  this,  that  if  the  Durhams  are  the  best  race  of  cattle,  and  the  great  im- 
provement of  them  was  by  the  Messrs.  Colling,  the  power  of  transmission,  of 
course,  being  granted,  then,  as  further  improvement  is  now  called  for,  it  is  of  the 
greatest  importance  to  every  breeder  to  have  such  animals  as  can  be  traced  in  a  li- 
neal descent  to  the  Colling  stock,  as  the  basis  upon  which  to  effect  the  perpetuity  of 
the  further  improvement  of  their  qualities. 

It  is  evident  that  no  number  of  crosses  of  one  variety  can  eradicate  a  stain 
which  that  variety  may  have  received  from  a  collateral  cross  of  another  variety, 
or,  in  other  words,  the  animal  cannot  be  purely  bred.  If  this  foreign  blood  or 
stain  be  defective,  the  defect  will  attach  to  all  produced  from  it,  for  it  is  this  in- 
herent capacity  of  the  Durhams,  and  of  all  other  animals,  to  transmit  to  their 
progeny  their  own  qualities,  which  makes  them  valuable  as  breeders. 

In  order,  then,  that  one  may  be  assured  that  the  qualities  which  he  finds  in 
any  variety,  and  wishes  to  perpetuate,  will  be  entailed,  he  must  see  that  his 
crosses  are  purely  of  that  variety.  Whether,  therefore,  the  Durhams  were  an 
original  race,  existing  prior  to  the  Messrs.  Colling,  or  were  by  them  "made  up," 
the  advantages  of  possessing  such  animals  as  trace  their  pedigree  to  their  herds 
as  pure  bred  Durhams,  is  most  obvious.  If  it  was  an  original  race,  an  animal 
so  tracing  has  every  evidence  of  pure  blood.  If  a  "  made  up,"  he  has  all  the 
advantages  of  their  improvement,  as  well  as  that  of  a  larger  number  of  crosses 
of  that  improvement,  than  an  animal  whose  pedigree  stops  short  of  their  herds. 
From  this  view,  we  discover  the  sophistry  of  the  remark,  that  in  a  "  made  up  " 
race  the  pedigree  is  worse  the  nearer  it  traces  back  to  the  original  animals  em- 
ployed to  "make  it  up." 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  87 

It  is  affirmed,  therefore,  that  any  advance  made  in  improving  the  present  race 
of  Durhams  must  be  done,  first,  by  the  use  of  crosses  of  purely  bred  animals, 
of  its  own  distinct  variety  or  breed,  and  secondly,  by  using  such  animals  as  pos- 
sess, in  the  greatest  perfection,  those  qualities  it  is  desirable  to  transmit. 

It  has  before  been  intimated  that  all  improvement,  in  any  kind  of  stock,  must 
contemplate  primarily  the  use  for  which  the  animal  is  designed,  and  must  be 
made  with  special  reference  thereto.  In  the  case  before  us,  flesh  and  milk  con- 
stitute the  great  desideratum.  In  order  to  perspecuity,  I  shall  speak  of  these 
separately,  and  if  possible  endeavor  to  show  the  manner  of  producing  both  in  a 
greater  degree,  and  under  what  circumstances  such  increase  ought  to  be  desired. 
The  quantity  and  quality  of  the  meat,  and  the  cost  of  producing  it,  are  questions- 
which  would  arise  in  determining  the  propriety  or  character  of  any  improvement 
in  this  respect,  and  under  other  circumstances,  they  would  be  worthy  of  separate 
consideration.  Premising  an  equal  quality,  if  an  increased  quantity  can  be  se- 
cured by  the  breeder  without  deteriorating  the  animal's  form,  or  its  aptitude  iu 
the  accumulation  of  fat,  such  improvement  would  be  considered  desirable.  But 
reflection  will  satisfy  us  at  once  that  this  can  only  be  done  by  increase  of  size, 
and  that  such  increase  is  not  always  advantageous.  The  size  of  an  animal,  eco- 
nomically considered,  should  be  in  adaptation  to  the  climate  and  productions  of  the 
country  which  he  inhabits,  and  again  physiologically  considered,  the  size  should 
be  in  accommodation  to  the  constitutional  capacity  to  afford  a  supply  of  nourish- 
ment to  every  part  of  the  body.  Our  own  generous  soil  and  genial  climate  en- 
courage such  enlargement ;  the  only  thing  remaining  then  is,  if  possible,  to  breed 
animals  with  such  dispositions  to  fatten  as  will  prove  adequate  to  the  thrift  and 
development  of  such  an  enlarged  carcass. 

To  do  this  requires  the  greatest  delicacy,  and  the  largest  amount  of  skill  and 
judgment,  so  as  to  avoid  other  disastrous  consequences.  The  whole  success  of 
such  an  effort  depends  on  a  law  of  animal  physiology,  whose  workings  can  only 
be  explained  or  ascertained  as  far  as  external  form  is  an  indication  of  internal 
structure. 

According  to  Surgeon  Cline,  "the  power  to  prepare  the  greatest  quantity  of 
nourishment,  from  a  given  quantity  of  food,  depends  principally  on  the  magnitude 
of  the  lungs,  to  which  the  organs  of  digestion  are  subservient." 

It  is  then  essential  to  any  animal  to  have  lungs  large  in  proportion  to  his  body, 
in  order  to  thrift  or  capacity,  to  supply  nourishment  for  the  production  of  meat. 
The  form  and  size  of  the  chest  is  an  external  indication  of  the  size  of  the  lungs, 
and  is  therefore  of  paramount  importance  where  increase  of  size  is  determined 
upon.  Hence,  in  this  case,  no  animal  should  be  used  in  crossing  whose  develop- 
ment in  this  particular  does  not  indicate  the  largest  amount  of  room  for  the 
heart  in  circulating  and  the  lungs  in  purifying  an  amount  of  blood  sufficient  for 
the  proper  discharge  of  every  function. 

And  as  I  have  before  intimated,  that  the  female  exerts  the  greatest  compara- 
tive influence  over  the  internal  structure  of  her  progeny,  the  propriety  of  her 
being  well  formed,  in  this  respect,  is  most  obvious,  and  besides  this,  the  supply 
of  nourishment  to  the  fetus  being  in  proportion  to  her  size  in  these  respects, 
"  by  a  peculiarity  in  the  circulation  of  that  foetus,  which  causes  a  larger  propor- 
tion of  the  blood,  under  such  circumstances,  to  be  distributed  to  its  lungs  than  to 
any  other  part  of  its  body,  the  lungs  and  heart  become  proportionably  larger." 

From  these  facts  it  may  be  inferred,  that  enlargement  of  size  is  practicable 
without  deteioration  of  form,  or  the  disposition  of  the  animal  to  fatten.  It  may 
not  be  amiss  to  remark  here,  that  while  increase  of  size  should  be  sought,  by  the 
employment  of  such  animals  only  as  on  inspection  evince  the  proper  form  for  ca- 
pacity in  this  respect,  or  which,  by  test,  have  manifested  great  fattening  qualities, 
great  care  should  also  be  taken  in  the  relative  size  of  the  male  and  female.      As 


0<5  REPORT  OF  THE 

before  stated,  extremes  in  every  case,  and  especially  extremes  in  size,  should  al- 
ways be  avoided  in  all  crossings.  To  use  the  female  the  larger  of  the  two  is 
always  safe,  if  what  has  been  said  in  reference  to  her  predominant  influence  over 
internal  structure  be  true,  and  hence  nothing  can  be  surer  than  the  production  of 
a  race  of  starvelings  and  unprofitable  consumers  of  food,  if  the  breeder  will  suf- 
fer a  herd  of  small  cows  to  be  bred  to  too  large  a  bull. 

It  should  have  been  before  stated,  that  by  "  enlargement  of  size,"  is  not  ne- 
cessarily to  be  understood  the  increase  of  bone  and  other  parts  called  offal.  Such 
increase  should  be  discriminative  and  partial.  There  certainly  can  be  no  advan- 
tage gained  by  the  enlargement  of  neck,  head  and  horns,  on  the  contrary,  every- 
thing is  in  favor  of  their  diminution.  Much  is  gained  in  parturition,  both  to  the 
mother  and  offspring,  by  a  small  head,  and  as  it  regards  heavy  horns,  they  re- 
quire thicker  and  consequently  heavier  plates  of  bone  in  the  skull  to  support 
them,  also  additional  ligaments  and  muscles,  all  which  must  consume  some  nour- 
ishment, which  might  go  to  support  and  develop  more  important  parts. 

A  question  here  presents  itself — Is  it  possible  to  combine,  in  the  same  animal, 
the  dairy  qualities  and  the  disposition  to  fatten  rapidly  ?  This  question  leads  us 
to  the  second  division  of  this  subject,  as  regards  the  uses  for  which  the  ox  is  bred. 

In  answer  to  the  above,  it  is  affirmed,  they  can,  and  that  the  Durham  cow  is 
evidence  of  the  fact.  Although  room  is  not  allowed  here  to  cite  instance  after 
instance  in  proof  of  their  superior  milking  qualities,  I  cannot  forbear  copying  the 
following  statement  made  in  Prof.  Youatt's  "  Treatise  on  Cattle,"  of  the  amount 
of  butter  yielded  by  one  of  Mr.  Calvert's  Improved  Short-Horn  Cows — "The 
milk,"  as  stated,  "  was  kept  and  churned  separately  from  that  of  the  other  stock, 
and  the  following  is  the  account  of  the  number  of  pounds  of  butter  obtained  in 
each  week— 7,  10,  10,  12,  17,  13,  13,  13,  15,  16,  15,  12,  13,  13,  13,  14, 
14,  13,  12,  12,  13,  11,  12,  10,  10,  8,  10,  9,  10,  7,  7,  7.  From  this  it  ap- 
pears that  there  churned  373  pounds  of  butter  in  the  space  of  32  weeks." 

The  same  author  says,  in  reference  to  this  matter,  that. he  is  "  strictly  justified 
in  asserting  that  Improved  Short-Horns,  inferior  to  none  for  the  grazier,  may  al- 
ways be  selected  and  bred  with  the  most  valuable  dairy  qualities."  And  al- 
though as  he  intimates,  "such  excessive  quantities  of  milk  may  not  be  obtained 
from  them  as  from  the  unimproved,  yet,  from  its  superior  quality  a  larger  amount 
of  butter  will  be  produced,  and  it  is  likely  such  should  be  the  case,  and  that  the 
artificial  change  in  the  animal  economy  which  leads  to  excessive  secretions  of 
flesh  and  fat,  should  also  be  productive  of  other  rich  secretions." 

If  abundant  testimony  can  be  brought  to  establish  any  fact,  it  can  be  to  prove 
beyond  all  contradiction,  that  the  Durham  may  and  does  possess  a  valuable  union 
of  fattening  and  milking  properties.  The  fact  is,  nevertheless,  undeniable  that, 
in  many  instances,  our  Durhams  in  Kentucky  and  elsewhere  are  inferior  to  what 
they  should  be  as  milkers.  To  what  cause  is  this  attributable  ?  Their  latent  or 
undeveloped  capacity,  in  this  respect,  is  beyond  a  doubt.  It  is  assignable  to  the 
impolitic  course  that  has  been  adopted  by  the  breeders  and  managers  of  these 
cattle.  To  use  the  language  of  an  ingenious  writer  on  this  subject — "  The  im- 
provement in  the  carcass  of  the  Short-Horns  has  been  so  surprising,  and  so  justly 
valued,  that  many  persons  have  allowed  that  completely  to  occupy  their  atten- 
tion, and  thus  the  dairy  has  been  neglected."  Our  breeders  have  sought  to  con- 
firm and  strengthen  other  valuable  properties,  regardless  of  this  important  one, 
and  it  is  not,  therefore,  to  be  wondered  at  if  a.tificial  means  employed  for  its  res- 
toration should  frequently  prove  abortive. 

The  fear  of  impairing  size  and  appearance,  by  early  breeding,  has  also  been 
auxiliary  in  bringing  about  this  apparent  defect.  The  natural  consequence  of 
which  is  an  habitual  deficiency  in  the  flow  of  milk  resulting  from  the  inherent 
tendency  of  the  animal  to  fat,  and  her  being  suffered  to  cultivate  that  disposition, 
free  from  any  drainage  of  milk  by  calling  into  exercise  in   that  direction  the  ac- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  89 

tion  of  the  secretive  organs.  There  is  still  another  cause  that  brings  this  noble 
race  of  cattle  into  disrepute  as  milkers,  and  attaches  to  their  management,  and 
that  is  the  young  mother  is  suffered  to  run  at  large  with  her  calf,  which,  by  its 
constant  application  to  the  udder,  gives  no  opportunity  for  such  accumulation  as 
will  distend,  and  make  it  a  fit  receptacle  for  the  more  copious  secretions  of  after 
years,  for  which  this  breed  is  peculiarly  celebrated. 

The  writer  feels  assured  that  if  the  attention  they  deserve  were  given  to  these 
matters,  whatever  of  reproach  now  attaches  to  the  milking  properties  of  this  race 
would  soon  be  removed,  and  their  value  greatly  enhanced. 

A  consciousness  of  the  length  to  which  this  article  has  been  protracted,  must 
be  an  apology  for  omitting  all  matter  relative  to  rearing.  He  feels,  however, 
that  in  benefaction  to  the  animal,  and  in  view  of  the  interest  of  breeders,  he  can- 
not dismiss  this  subject  without  deploring  the  folly  and  neglect  that  permits  this 
animal,  after  the  birth  of  her  calf,  to  consume  the  placenta.  The  disasterous 
consequences  which  result  to  an  herbaceous  animal  from  engorging  its  stomach 
with  putrescent  animal  matter  are  seen  in  loss  of  appetite,  impaired  digestion, 
fevers,  and  ultimately  death. 

THE     SHEEP. 

We  are  led  to  infer  an  earlier  domestication  of  this  animal  than  that  of  any 
other  ruminant,  Abel,  the  second  born  of  our  race,  having  been  "a  keeper  of 
sheep."  Although  naturalists  assign  to  the  Mloufflon,  a  native  of  Greece  and 
Corsica,  covered  with  hair,  the  ancestral  source  of  all  varieties  of  sheep,  it  is  by 
no  means  certain.  Its  possibility,  however,  is  beyond  contradiction,  as  those  who 
have  noticed  the  remarkable  changes  in  the  character  of  the  fleece  in  different 
climates,  under  different  culture,  with  different  pasturage,  &c,  can  testify. 

Be  this  and  all  other  changes  what  they  may,  no  animal  addresses  itself,  from 
its  innocence  and  submissiveness,  so  tenderly  to  the  affections  of  man  as  the  com- 
mon sheep;  nor  does  any  contribute  more  generously  to  his  comfort,  gratifica- 
tion and  happiness;  while  its  helplessness  has  ever  made  it  seek  his  protection, 
yet  it  has  never  failed  in  fleece,  flesh,  and  tallow,  to  remunerate  him  for  all  his 
care  and  attention. 

Its  present  varieties  are  all  classified  according  to  the  fleece  or  the  length  of  the 
wool,  and  are  styled  long  wooled,  middle  wooled,  &c.  To  the  first  class  is  gen- 
erally assigned  the  Leicester,  Cotswold,  Lincoln,  Oxfordshire,  and  some  others, 
not  familiarly  known  in  America.  To  the  second,  the  Southdown,  Cheviot,  and 
others;  while  the  Saxon  and  Merino,  for  the  sake  of  distinction,  might  be  styled 
short  wooled. 

So  variant  are  the  sentiments  of  Kentucky  farmers  as  to  which  of  these  varie- 
ties is  most  valuable,  considered  in  reference  to  quantity  and  quality  of  wool, 
quality  of  flesh,  quantity  of  tallow,  adaptation  to  climate,  soil,  &c,  that  no  one 
breed  or  its  crosses  can  be  found  in  our  original  flocks  universally  to  prevail.  It 
is,  however,  the  opinion  of  the  writer  that,  after  a  few  more  years  of  experience 
and  trial,  it  will  be  determined  what  kind  is  best  suited  to  our  wants,  and  the 
most  profitable  to  keep.  Yet  this  will  not  be  done  till  we  have  discriminating 
markets,  both  in  wool  and  meat,  whereby  some  standard  may  be  established  by 
which  to  determine  their  relative  value. 

The  cost  of  keeping  any  variety  is  but  trifling,  and  in  many  instances,  be  it  said 
to  the  shame  of  our  agriculturalists,  that  cost  is  more  than  paid  in  what  they  de- 
stroy of  burrs,  weeds,  and  briars. 

High  lands  seem  to  be  more  congenial  to  their  nature,  culture,  and  habits,  and 
accordingly  they  will  prove  more  remunerative  in  grazing  them  than  any  other 
kind  of  stock.  As  relates  to  the  principles  of  breeding,  what  has  before  been 
said  with  reference  to  the  ox,  may  with  equal  propriety  be  applied  to  the  sheep, 
except,  perhaps,  what  relates  to  crossing  different  varieties;  nor  would  this  excep- 


90  REPORT  OF  THE 

tion  be  necessary  were  it  not  presupposed  that  no  one  variety  exclusively  engross- 
ed all  of  size,  form,  thrift,  quantity  and  quality  of  wool,  that  would  make  it  pre- 
eminently the  sheep  for  our  soil  and  climate. 

Experience  in  breeding  and  rearing,  under  such  circumstances,  may  render 
some  departures  from  that  rule  expedient  until  a  new  variety  be  formed,  in  which 
all  these  desirable  qualities  shall  be  confirmed  or  established.  When  this  shall 
have  been  done,  if  not  already  effected,  the  close  adherence  to  that  rule  of  breed- 
ing will  be  essential  to  perpetuate  such  improvement. 

It  need  hardly  be  added  that,  as  improvement  is  mainly  to  be  obtained  through 
the  male  progenitor,  the  buck  should  always  be  of  the  best,  and  be  changed  every 
two  or  three  years  at  most,  to  prevent  the  injurious  consequences  of  in-and-in 
breeding. 

For  the  same  reasons  as  those  plead  in  advocacy  of  the  diminution  of  the  horn 
of  the  ox,  would  I  urge  the  entire  destruction  of  horns  on  the  sheep,  and  with  the 
following  statement,  made  on  good  authority,  leave  the  breeder  of  horned  sheep 
to  infer  the  amount  of  nutriment  lost  in  support  of  these  useless  fixtures: 

"The  skull  of  a  ram  with  its  horns  weighed  five  times  more  than  another  skull, 
which  was  hornless.  Both  these  skulls  were  taken  from  sheep  of  the  same  age, 
each  being  four  years  old.  The  great  difference  in  weight  depended  chiefly  on 
the  horns,  for  the  lower  jaws  were  nearly  equal,  one  weighing  seven  ounces,  and 
the  other  six  and  three-fourth  ounces,  which  shows  that  the  natural  size  of  the 
head  was  nearly  the  same  in  both,  independent  of  the  horns  and  the  thickness  of 
the  bones  which  support  them."  The  period  of  gestation  being  five  calendar 
months,  the  tup  should  be  placed  with  the  ewes  about  the  first  of  November,  so 
that  yeaning  may  take  place  as  early  in  April  as  possible.  By  such  an  arrange- 
ment, all  risk  to  the  lamb  from  cold  is  avoided,  and  it  is  enabled  to  attain  greater 
size,  and  become  better  clad  with  wool  before  the  approach  of  winter.  Besides 
this,  the  dam  being  rid  of  her  lamb  earlier,  has  abundant  time,  and  on  green  food, 
to  recover  all  flesh  lost  by  suckling,  and  will  be  in  good  condition  before  winter,  if 
not  further  designed  as  breeders,  for  the  shambles. 

THE      HOG. 

As  in  preceding  cases,  I  shall  endeavor  to  abbreviate  my  suggestions  concern- 
ing this  animal  by  making  them  general  rather  than  special  in  their  character. 

Between  it  and  the  others,  several  marked  differences  prevail,  which  will  be 
hurriedly  noticed.  But  before  such  notice,  it  is  proper  to  inquire,  Who  can  fail 
to  admire  that  Divine  wisdom  and  goodness  which  have  associated  together 
for  our  advantage  so  many  animals  essentially  different  in  size,  form,  structure, 
and  habitudes,  each  looking  to  different  departments  of  human  wants,  comforts 
and  happiness,  and  each  by  nature  in  special  adaptation  to  the  same  climate  and 
soil,  or,  in  other  words,  to  one  local  habitation? 

All  these  associate  with,  and  in  their  lifetime,  minister  to  the  necessities  of  man, 
except  the  one  immediately  under  consideration,  and  his  only  utility  commences 
with  his  death.  The  horse  lends  his  strength  and  energy  to  the  service  of  man — 
the  ox  to  its  labor  and  milk — the  sheep  its  wool — but  the  hog  makes  no  return 
in  his  behalf  during  life.  May  it  not  be  for  this  reason  that  his  praise,  unlike  that 
of  the  others,  has  never  found  place  in  the  songs  of  the  rural  poets? 

Besides  this  difference  in  utility  a  plainer  one  obtains  in  habits.  He  is  the  only 
one  of  our  list  that  is  omnivorous  feeding  on  vegetable  and  animal  matter  indis- 
criminately. The  indulgence  of  his  appetite  in  this  respect,  though  at  times  ab- 
horrent and  disgusting  to  us,  and  at  others  delicate  and  fastidious,  is  that  which 
places  him  among  the  most  profitable  of  all  farm  animals,  for  his  chief  subsist- 
ence is  derived  in  many  instances  from  such  articles  as  no  other  animal  would 
eat,  and  which  would  otherwise  be  entirely  lost  to  the  farmer.  This  is  seen  in  the 
profitable  consumption  of  the  refuse  of  the  mill,  barn,  stable,  kitchen,  and  dairy; 
also,  in  the  feed  lots  of  our  cattle  and  around  the  butcher's  pens. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  91 

Another  difference  exists  in  the  nature  of  its  fat,  as  compared  with  that  of  other 
animals,  and  on  account  of  its  oleaginous  superiority,  it  has  some  advantages,  both 
as  an  article  of  food  and  in  the  arts,  which  the  fat  of  others  does  not  possess. 

Taking  into  account  these  advantages  peculiar  to  the  hog,  together  with  his 
superior  fruitfulness,  it  is  not  to  be  wondered  at  that  such  numbers  are  annually 
grown.  It  may  be  safely  calculated  that  every  year,  in  the  United  States  alone, 
over  thirty  millions  are  produced,  reared  and  slaughtered.  This  amounts  to  over 
one  head  to  each  human  being  in  the  United  States,  and  shows  that  with  us  pork 
is  the  chief  article  of  food  of  the  meat  variety. 

As  it  regards  "breeds,"  or  the  "breeding"  of  hogs,  but  little  need  be  said.  The 
Irish,  Berkshire,  Yorkshire,  Essex,  Neapolitan,  Suffolk,  and  Chinese  breeds,  either 
pure  or  mixed,  maybe  found  among  us.  Between  these  varieties,  the  farmer  and 
not  the  writer  must  discriminate  in  his  selection,  according  to  the  purpose  had  in 
view  in  breeding,  and  the  change  he  may  wish  to  effect  in  his  original  stock.  As 
a  general  rule,  the  earlier  maturing  varieties  of  the  hog  are  best  for  family  use, 
though  not  always  the  best  for  drovers  or  butchers.  A  white  color,  "caeteris  pari- 
bus," is  always  to  be  preferred,  and  especially  in  those  designed  for  table  use, 
when  pigs. 

As  to  breeding,  the  ordinary  principles  regulating  the  mode  of  producing  the 
best  have  already  been  alluded  to,  and  are  generally  understood.  Rearing  them 
under  any  systematic  course  of  feeding  on  our  cereals  alone  would  perhaps  prove 
too  expensive  to  be  reduced  to  general  practice,  and  therefore  the  consideration 
of  that  subject  is  omitted.  A  thought  or  two,  however,  on  the  selection  of  ani- 
mals for  breeding  purposes  may  not  be  amiss. 

If  it  be  proposed  to  form  a  herd,  there  should  be  selected  from  the  variety  pre- 
ferred sows  of  good  form,  healthy  and  thrifty  appearance,  and  of  known  fertility, 
having  an  ample  supply  of  dugs  for  nursing  the  greatest  number  of  young.  The 
male  should  possess,  in  an  eminent  degree,  every  model  quality  which  it  is  de- 
sirable to  impress  upon  this  herd,  or  engraft  on  the  original  stock,  and  this  is  em- 
phatically necessary  in  the  case  of  the  male  employed  in  the  first  or  virgin  con- 
ception, if  the  statements  we  find  on  record  in  various  agricultural  works  be  true 
relative  to  superfoetation.  By  this  term  is  meant  the  transmission  of  certain 
qualities  with  which  the  first  male  characterized  his  offspring  to  other  subsequent 
generations  by  a  different  male. 

It  may  not  be  uninteresting  here  to  transcribe  one  of  these  instances,  taken  from 
the  pages  of  an  author  to  whom  the  writer  is  indebted  for  many  valuable  sugges- 
tions. The  case  is  that  "of  a  white  and  black  sow,  of  Mr.  Western's  celebrated 
breed,  she  being  the  property  of  a  Mr.  Giles,  which  was  put  to  a  wild  boar,  of  a 
deep  chestnut  color,  and  that  was  soon  after  drowned  by  accident.  The  pigs  pro- 
duced, which  were  the  sow's  first  litter,  partook  in  appearance  of  both  boar  and 
sow,  but  in  some  the  chestnut  color  of  the  boar  strongly  prevailed.  This  sow 
was  afterwards  put  to  a  boar  of  Mr.  Western's  breed,  and  the  pigs  produced  were 
stained  and  clearly  marked  with  the  chestnut  color  which  had  prevailed  in  the 
former  litter.  Her  next  litter,  by  a  boar  of  Mr.  Western's  spotted,  black  and 
white  breed,  were  also  stained  with  marks  of  the  wild  boar,  although  in  no  other 
instance,  with  any  other  sow,  had  the  least  tinge  of  the  chestnut  color  been  ob- 
served." 

The  length  of  time  which  either  a  male  or  female  should  be  retained  as  a  breeder 
must  be  determined  by  other  considerations  than  those  of  age.  In  most  cases, 
when  the  farmer  raises  a  large  number  of  hogs,  it  will  perhaps  prove  advantage- 
ous to  pass  off  annually  to  the  butcher  all  his  sows  that  have  borne  one  litter, 
and  reserve  as  breeders  to  follow  them  their  early  spring  pigs.  By  such  an  ar- 
rangement, he  will  get  rid  of  the  barbarous  practice  of  spaying  them,  and  also  of 
all  supernumeraries  during  winter,  when  the  cost  of  keeping  exceeds  that  of  any 
other  season. 


92  REPORT  OF  THE 

But  these  observations  must  be  brought  to  a  conclusion,  though  the  writer  is 
conscious  that  they  are  in  some  measure  crude  and  undigested;  still  each  has  been 
the  result  either  of  his  own  actual  observation  and  experiment,  or  has  been  derived 
from  the  ablest  and  most  approved  authorities.  With  such  a  basis  they  are  very 
respectfully  submitted. 


Essay  by  R.  J.  Spurr,  of  Fayette  County,  to  whom  ivas  awarded  the  first  premium. 
SOME  OF  THE  CROPS  OF  KENTUCKY. 

To  the  Members  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Gentlemen  :  In  redemption  of  a  promise  which  I  have  made,  I  submit  the  fol- 
lowing remarks,  on  some  of  the  crops  of  Kentucky,  to  }rour  consideration  and 
disposal : 

Climate  exercises  a  material  influence  upon  the  early  maturity  and  luxuriance 
of  growth  of  plants.  We  have  upon  this  continent  all  the  gradations  of  summer, 
or  period  of  vegetable  growth,  from  that  of  the  few  weeks  of  the  Arctic  regions  to 
that  of  perpetual  summer  within  the  tropics.  The  plants  of  the  northern  regions, 
which  have  but  few  weeks  of  summer  in  which  to  perfect  their  growth,  are  dwarf- 
ish in  their  character  and  rapid  in  their  maturity.  In  the  far  North,  we  find  but 
forests  in  miniature,  consisting  of  little  oaks  two  or  three  feet  high,  loaded  with 
acorns,  which  mature  during  their  summer;  still  further  North,  we  find  the  forest 
to  consist  of  little  willows  but  a  few  inches  high.  Upon  the  other  hand,  plants 
which  are  indigenous  to  the  tropics  are  luxuriant  in  their  growth  and  slow  in  ar- 
riving at  maturity.  So  luxuriant  is  the  growth  of  tropical  vegetation  that  the 
forests  are  an  impenetrable  thicket,  with  their  topmost  branches  from  one  to  two 
hundred  feet  high,  and  so  slow  in  arriving  at  maturity  that  the  cotton  plant  of 
Madias,  in  Hindostan,  is  perennial,  and  the  sugar  cane  on  some  of  the  West  In- 
dia islands  requires  more  than  twelve  months  to  mature. 

From  these  premises  we  may  rationally  draw  the  inference  that  it  is  a  law  of 
nature  for  plants  which  are  natives  of  a  Northern  climate  to  be  dwarfish  in  their 
growth,  and  arrive  early  at  maturity;  those  of  the  South  luxuriant  in  growth  and 
slow  to  mature.  Upon  this  view  I  propose  to  make  a  few  remarks  for  the  pur- 
pose of  eliciting  observations  and  suggestions  from  others. 

In  Kentucky,  the  grains  and  grasses  are  of  more  general  interest  to  the  agri- 
culturalists than  any  other  articles  of  vegetable  growth.  In  the  grasses  we  de- 
sire luxuriant  and  long  continued  growth;  in  wheat,  for  the  purpose  of  avoiding 
rust,  early  maturity  and  not  so  luxuriant  growth;  in  corn,  luxriant  growth  and 
medium  maturity.  &c. 

How  are  these  things  to  be  attained?  If  we  examine  well  the  premises  above 
laid  down,  we  will  cease  at  once  paying  tribute  to  Northern  States  for  our  grass 
seed.  The  time  was  when  this  State  produced  its  own  grass  seed,  but  for  many 
years  we  have  been  paying  large  sums  of  money  to  other  States  for  this  article, 
especially  that  of  clover.  Have  we  been  benefitted  by  this  course?  Let  us  see; 
facts  are  stubborn  things.  About  the  year  1803,  a  gentleman  of  this  county  pro- 
cured from  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  a  small  quantity  of  clover  seed,  which  he 
sowed,  and  from  year  to  year  saved  the  seed  and  distributed  it  among  his  neigh- 
bors, until,  from  this  little  beginning,  the  seed  was  soon  generally  distributed 
through  this  part  of  the  State,  and  nearly  every  farmer  saved  his  own  clover 
seed.  This  course  was  persevered  in  for  about  twenty  five  or  thirty  years,  at 
which  time  the  plant  was  perfectly  acclimated;  but  at  this  time  the  enterprise  of 
the  North  introduced  their  seed  into  our  market,  and  in  a  few  years  its  produc- 
tion ceased  with  us,  and  for  the  last  twenty  or  twenty-five  years  we  have  sown  do 
other  seed  than  that  produced  to  the  North  of  us. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  93 

Now,  what  do  you  farmers,  who  have  lived  long-  enough  to  have  observed  the 
growth  of  clover  during  these  two  periods,  recollect  about  it?  Probably,  if  you 
have  forgotten,  I  may  be  enabled  to  refresh  your  memory  somewhat  on  this  point, 
Do  you  not  recollect  that  twenty  or  twenty-five  years  ago,  in  clover  fields  which 
were  kept  from  stock  until  the  first  of  May,  when  you  turned  your  large  hogs  in, 
the  growth  was  about  as  high  as  their  backs;  that  from  the  tenth  to  the  twentieth 
of  the  same  month  it  would  reach  your  stirrups  when  riding  into  it  upon  an  ordi- 
nary sized  horse,  and  that  at  cutting  time,  your  grass  would  be,  if  standing  up, 
three  feet  high,  but  more  generally  fallen,  and  from  four  to  six  feet  long?  How 
is  it  now  with  you?  I  hear  a  universal  complaint  that  clover  will  not  grow  now 
as  formerly.  Some  give  one  reason  for  it,  some  another.  Among  the  strongest 
reasons  I  have  heard  assigned  is,  that  our  lands  have  lost  the  elements  necessary 
to  the  production  of  this  plant.  1  answer  that  our  lands  here  are  much  more  fertile 
than  they  were  thirty  years  ago,  and  produce  other  crops  more  luxuriantly,  and 
that  within  a  few  years  past  I  have  sown  land  with  clover  seed,  which  had  not 
previously  been  in  clover,  and  which  I  cleared  from  the  wood  in  1842,  resulting 
ma  very  short  crop  of  grass.  So  the  whole  difficulty  may  be  summed  up  in  a 
few  words,  and  mark  it  and  profit  by  it  :  We  procure  our  seed  from  the  North, 
where  its  character  is  dwarfish  or  small,  and  its  period  of  growth  short,  and  the 
inevitable  result  must  be,  that  we  have  but  a  small  amount  of  pasturage  from  this 
grass,  and  but  for  a  short  period  of  time,  as  about  half  the  grazing  season  it  makes 
no  growth.  The  remedy  is  to  save  our  own  seed,  and  in  a  few  years  we  will  have 
clover  growing  as  it  once  did;  thus  keeping  your  money  at  home,  and  adding  to 
your  means  by  being  enabled  to  graze  double  the  amount  of  stock  upon  your 
grass. 

I  have  probably  said  enough  to  attract  some  attention  to  the  premises  upon 
which  we  base  our  remarks — that  plants  of  Northern  growth  are  dwarfish  or 
small  in  their  character,  and  arrive  early  at  maturity — that  those  of  Southern 
growth  are  luxuriant  in  their  character,  and  are  slow  to  mature — that  the  North- 
ern plant  removed  to  the  South,  for  a  period,  still  remains  dwarfish  and  matures 
early;  but  that  in  a  few  years  it  will  gradully  become  acclimated,  and  partake,  to 
some  extent,  of  the  growth  of  Southern  plants.  But  I  will  notice  some  observa- 
tions made  upon  other  plants.  In  consequence  of  the  great  drouth  of  1854,  but  a 
small  quantity  of  hemp  seed  was  made  in  this  State,  not  sufficient  to  sow  a  crop  in 
1855.  Some  of  our  enterprising  farmers  formed  a  company,  and  sent  an  agent  to 
Russia  with  sufficient  means  to  procure  a  large  quantity  of  seed.  This  seed,  I  have 
no  doubt,  where  it  was  acclimated,  made  fair  crops,  but  when  sown  here  in  our  com- 
paritively  S  outhron  climate  proved  to  be  of  no  value  to  us,  failing  to  make  a 
growth  worthy  of  being  harvested,  and  maturing  very  early.  A  change  of 
twenty  degrees  of  latitude  was  too  much  for  it.  The  same  season  our  Kentucky 
hemp  made  superior  crops,  and  a  new  variety,  the  seed  of  which  was  procured 
from  the  south  of  us,  which  has  been  recently  introduced  among  our  farmers  by 
an  enterprising  gentleman  of  Woodford  county,  made  extraordinary  crops. 
The  Russian  variety  of  seed  would  probably,  after  a  few  years  cultivation  with 
us,  make  a  hemp  of  some  value;  but,  in  consequence  of  the  extraordinary  pro- 
ductiveness of  the  new  Southern  variety,  it  will,  in  all  probability,  be  neglected. 
The  best  seed  corn  from  the  Northern  part  of  the  States  North  of  us,  when  plant- 
ed here,  is  very  dwarfish  in  its  growth,  yielding  but  little  fodder,  and  but  a  mod- 
erate quantity  of  grain;  ripens  very  early,  and  proves  only  to  be  what  we  call  garden 
corn.  Upon  the  other  hand,  seed  corn  introduced  from  the  States  South  of  us,  is 
very  luxuriant  in  growth,  the  stalks  large,  the  fodder  abundant,  and  the  yield  of 
grain  large,  if  its  late  maturity  should  not  cause  it  to  be  injured  by  the  frost.  I  pro- 
cured from  one  of  our  Northern  States,  last  year,  some  buckwheat  seed  to  sow  a  part 
of  my  crop,  having  some  seed  which  was  well  acclimated  by  many  years  cultivation 
here.  The  two  parcels  of  seed  were  of  the  same  variety  of  buckwheat,  were  sown  in 


y4  REPORT  OF  THE 

the  same  field,  and  at  the  same  time.  The  Northern  parcel  grew  on  an  average 
about  thirty  inches  high,  ripened  two  weeks  earlier  than  the  other,  and  made  fif- 
teen bushels  of  grain  to  the  acre.  My  acclimated  parcel  grew  to  a  height  of  four 
feet,  ripened  sufficiently  early,  and  made  thirty  bushels  of  grain  to  the  acre.  I 
attribute  the  short  yield  of  the  Northern  parcel,  in  part,  to  the  fact  that  it  was  in 
full  bloom  too  early,  which  caused  much  of  it  to  blast.  If  it  had  been  sown  two 
weeks  later,  the  difference  in  yield  would  probably  not  have  been  so  great.  In  re- 
spect to  to  the  wheat  crop,  I  can  only  say  that  so  long  as  our  acclimated  varie- 
ties do  well,  we  run  some  risk  in  procuring  seed  for  a  crop  from  either  North  or 
South.  If  from  the  latter,  the  growth  of  straw  will  be  so  great  as  to  cause  it  to 
lodge  badly,  and  its  lateness  of  maturity  will  cause  great  risk  from  the  rust;  on 
the  other  side,  if  from  the  former,  the  straw  will  not  be  so  heavy,  and  it  will  ripen 
much  earlier;  but  the  probability  is,  that  the  yield  of  grain  will  be  less  than  that 
of  our  acclimated  varieties.  If  there  should  be  a  desire  to  introduce  new  seed 
wheat,  it  will  be  best  to  procure  it  from  the  North,  as  its  early  ripening  will  be, 
to  a  large  extent,  a  protection  against  the  rust. 

Although  it  does  not  come  properly  under  the  head  of  agriculture,  yet  from  the 
interest  taken  in  the  subjeet  by  most  farmers,  I  cannot  forbear  a  word  of  remark 
in  regard  to  the  introduction  of  fruit  trees,  especially  the  apple.  It  has  of  late 
been  our  fashion  to  procure  large  quantities  of  young  apple  trees  from  Northern 
nurseries  to  plant  upon  our  farms.  We  soon  perceive  that  with  all  our  care  of 
cultivation,  they  have  not  the  luxriant  growth  of  our  native  trees;  and  after  years 
of  careful  attention  to  them,  we  will  find  when  they  come  into  bearing  that  we  are 
disappointed  in  their  quality,  not  from  imposition  practiced  upon  us  by  the  nurse- 
rymen, but  from  the  fact  that  an  apple  which  had  proved  in  the  North  to  be  a  good 
winter  variety,  when  brought  to  our  climate,  is  only  a  fall  fruit.  Life  is  too  short 
to  remedy  such  disappointments. 

I  wish  to  notice  one  other  matter,  and  I  am  done,  trusting  that  if  the  principles 
laid  down  in  this  paper  be  well  digested  by  those  for  whom  they  are  intended,  the 
day  is  not  far  distant  when  they  will  say,  "Well,  it  is  strange  I  had  never  thought 
of  this,"  and  that  it  may  be  one  of  the  means,  through  the  Kentucky  State  Ag- 
ricultural Society,  of  developing  the  almost  boundless  resources  of  this  great 
Commonwealth. 

Our  National  Government,  through  the  agency  of  the  Patent  Office  Depart- 
ment, is  introducing  among  us  a  great  variety  of  seeds  of  interest  to  the  farmer. 
These,  upon  trial,  have  generally  failed  to  meet  our  expectations,  and  are  thrown 
away.  This  should  not  be  so.  We  should  second  freely  this  worthy  effort  by  re- 
peated propagation  of  the  plant  until  it  becomes  acclimated,  when  we  will  be  en- 
abled to  place  a  proper  estimate  upon  its  value.  I  desire  especially  to  press  this 
subject  upon  the  attention  of  farmers. 


Essay  by  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  D.  D.,  "  On  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind;"  and 
"On  the  Cultivation  of  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind." 


AGRICULTURAL  LITERATURE. 


This  essay  is  designed  to  treat  of  Grass,  as  a  staple  in  the  agriculture  of  Ken- 
tucky— and  also  of  its  cultivation.  Two  premiums  are  offered  by  the  State  So- 
ciety— one  for  essays  treating  of  any  staple  crop,  as  such — the  other  for  essays 
treating  of  their  cultivation.  As  to  many  staples  this  division  may  be  necessary; 
but,  not  deeming  it  necessary  in  regard  to  grass,  I  shall  condense  into  one  essay, 
what  I  have  to  say  on  both  points. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  95 

In  one  respect,  all  grasses  that  enter  into  any  system  of  agriculture,  may  be 
said  to  be  cultivated.  Nevertheless,  there  is  a  very  wide  difference  between  the 
cultivation  bestowed  on  grasses  that  are  perennial,  and  on  those  which  it  is  ne- 
cessary to  renew  from  time  to  time;  and  there  is  a  difference  also  between  the 
treatment  of  the  same  grass,  in  the  matter  of  cultivation,  when  it  is  designed  to 
be  consumed  in  its  fresh  state,  and  when  it  is  cured  and  kept  for  winter  use. 

Special  crops,  such  as  sugar,  rice,  cotton,  and  to  a  less  degree,  tobacco,  hemp, 
and  the  grape,  may  be  considered  as  constituting  a  special  interest,  each  for  itself, 
and  each  having  special  principles  which  are  paramount  in  the  culture  of  it  as 
the  main  staple.  But  in  the  absence  of  these  and  similar  staples  as  absorbing 
interests,  and  throughout  the  great  middle  latitudes  of  the  earth,  grass  is  the 
proper  basis  of  agriculture  over  all  those  immense  farming  regions  which  supply 
mankind  with  meat  and  with  bread,  as  well  as  with  those  innumerable  comforts 
and  enjoyments,  which  adorn  life  and  promote  human  progress.  Wherever  a 
general  system  of  agriculture  is  highly  developed  and  prosperous,  in  any  country 
in  the  Avorld,  there  grass  is  the  basis  upon  which  that  system  rests:  and  the  more 
rierfectly  this  great  principle  is  adhered  to  in  any  country,  and  more  perfectly  any 
country  is  capable  of  being  made  available  in  this  way — the  more  assured  is 
the  advance  of  its  agricultual  prosperity  above  all  other  countries. 

Those  products  of  industry  which  will  not  advance  at  all  except  as  man  toils 
upon  them,  are  far  below  those  which  will  advance  with  a  moderate  degree  of 
toil,  and  these  again  far  below  those  which  require  hardly  any  toil  at  all.  How 
immense  is  the  product  of  grass  lands  compared  with  the  toil  bestowed  on  them, 
when  compared  with  cultivated  lands  and  the  toil  bestowed  on  them,  and  these 
again  compared  with  mechanical  productions  in  a  similar  state  of  developement. 
Besides  all  this,  there  is  another  and  almost  equal  advantage.  For  after  the  direct 
production  of  any  manufactured  article,  there  is  no  possibility  of  increasing  it  be- 
yond itself,  and  the  same  thing  is  true  of  nearly  all  those  agricultural  productions 
which  are  obliged  to  be  disposed  of  in  their  raw  state;  but  our  grass,  besides  its 
being  produced  with  the  very  least  comparative  labor,  after  it  is  produced,  sup- 
plies the  highest  profits  of  agriculture  by  becoming  the  most  appropriate  food  of 
every  species  of  live  stock — thus  combining  the  two  chief  elements  of  value  in 
the  cheapness  of  its  production  and  the  high  saleable  quality  of  whatever  feeds 
on  it. 

To  a  country  situated  as  Kentucky  is,  with  nearly  all  her  soil  kind  in  the  pro- 
duction of  grass,  and  the  greater  part  of  it  equal  to  any  grass  land  in  the  world, 
the  general  principles  which  make  grass  the  basis  of  agriculture  in  all  the  middle 
latitudes  of  the  earth,  apply  with  most  peculiar  force  to  her.  In  every  country, 
it  is  of  the  greatest  importance,  considered  as  a  mere  question  of  political  econo- 
my, that  all  labor  should  be  as  productive  as  possible:  and  in  every  country,  con- 
sidered in  the  light  of  a  high  civilization,  that  mankind  should  have  respite  from 
incessant  toil.  In  Kentucky,  where  labor  is  so  enormously  costly,  and  yet  where 
our  very  woodlands,  with  ordinary  care,  will  produce  highly  remunerating  crops 
of  grass;  in  Kentucky,  whose  central  position  and  her  whole  relations  to  our 
great  coutry,  make  it  so  much  more  important  to  her,  to  produce  men,  than  any 
other  staple;  every  consideration  impels  her  to  shape  her  agriculture,  which  is 
her  greatest  material  interest,  in  such  a  manner  as  to  make  the  labor  of  her  sons 
at  once  remunerative  and  light — at  once  consistent  with  their  pecuniary  interests 
and  the  high  progress  of  her  people. 

There  are  other  most  important  advantages  of  grass  husbandry,  besides  those 
crowning  ones  to  man,  to  labor,  and  to  the  culture  of  live  stock  of  every  des- 
cription, which  have  been  already  briefly  alluded  to.  Amongst  the  chief  of  these 
may  be  mentioned,  the  land  itself,  and  every  species  of  crop  taken  from  it.  For  no 
one  who  has  examined  the  subject,  doubts  that  of  all  crops  this  is  perhaps  the 
only  one  that  improves  the  soil,  and  at  the  same  time  produces  abundant  value; 


96  REPORT  OF  THE 

and  that  every  rotation  of  crops  that  contemplates  either  the  condition  of  the  land 
or  the  products  it  will  yield,  must  embrace  grass  of  some  kind  as  one  of  the 
shifts.  No  labor  can  be  remunerative  on  unproductive  soils;  while  soils  naturally 
rich  afford  to  agriculture  its  just  and  greatest  elements.  But  the  richest  soils,  as 
we  are  learning  to  our  cost,  are  capable  of  being  destroyed.  That  system  of  cul- 
ture and  that  staple,  which  will  the  most  effectually  preserve  the  productive  quali- 
ties of  the  soil,  while  at  the  same  time  it  produces  ahundant  values,  and  also  acts 
most  beneficially  on  every,  other  staple  cnltivated  in  rotation  with  it,  furnishes  the 
agriculturalist  with  all  he  can  desire.  For  the  immense  farming  region  of  the 
earth,  and  amongst  the  chief  for  Kentucky,  the  grasses  alone  have  been  found 
capable  of  doing  these  things.  All  other  staples  known  to  us,  confessedly  dete- 
riorate the  land  in  the  lapse  of  years.  The  grasses  alone,  undoubtedly  do  not — 
but  in  the  opinion  of  many  of  those  most  competent  to  judge,  do  actually  im- 
prove it  from  year  to  year. 

The  grasses  in  common  use  in  this  State,  are  the  blue  grass,  red  clover  and 
timothy;  to  which  may  be  added  the  white  clover  as  a  common  spontaneous  grass, 
and  the  orchard  grass  as  a  cultivated  grass,  both  for  grazing  and  hay,  which  is 
becoming  more  and  more  a  favorite  grass.  Other  kinds  are  too  little  used  to  re- 
quire particular  notice,  and  even  the  white  clover  is  mentioned  only  because, 
though  little  valued  it  holds  so  tenaciously  to  our  old  and  hardly  used  pasture 
lands.  The  blue  grass,  is  undoubtedly  the  finest  permanent  grass  for  pasture 
known  to  us  :  and  its  extraordinary  value  for  all  our  purposes,  as  a  permanent 
grazing  grass,  leaves  us  nothing  to  desire  in  that  respect.  The  red  clover  is  a 
biennial  plant,  and  therefore  not  fit  for  either  meadow  or  pasture  as  permanent 
grass.  But  while  it  lasts,  whether  for  meadow  or  pasture,  it  is  of  inestimable 
value;  and  its  broad  leaf  and  tap  root  renders  it,  as  one  shift  in  a  rotation  of 
crops  altogether  indispensible,  if  we  consider  the  land,  and  desire  to  draw  any 
thing  from  the  atmosphere  for  its  use,  or  to  leave  any  vegetable  matter  in  the  soil 
for  the  use  of  succeeding  crops.  As  a  grazing  grass,  timothy  is  the  most  indif- 
ferent of  our  grasses,  and  as  winter  food  in  the  shape  of  hay,  it  in  not  much 
better  than  the  straw  of  any  small  grain.  Still  it  is  so  easily  cultivated,  so 
productive  and  so  permanent  as  a  meadow  grass  that  it  is  not  without  its  value 
to  us.  The  orchard  grass,  on  the  contrary,  finds  it  very  hard  to  win  a  place  in 
our  agriculture,  notwithstanding  its  great  value.  As  a  meadow  grass,  whether 
alone  or  with  red  clover,  it  is  superior  to  timothy  in  all  respects;  and  as  a  per- 
manent grazing  grass,  it  is  far  superior  to  every  thing  but  blue  grass.  For  the 
double  purpose  of  hay  and  grazing,  no  grass  is  equal  to  it. 

Instead  of  entering  into  details  relating  to  the  cultivation  of  these  different 
grasses,  which  would  be  of  little  importance  in  a  country  where  they  are  so  gen- 
erally known,  I  will  limit  myself  to  a  few  general  statements  which  I  consider 
worthy  of  serious  attention,  and  which  are  the  results  of  much  experience  and 
reflection. 

1.  It  is  much  more  difficult  to  get  land  perfectly  and  permanently  set  in  any 
kind  of  grass  than  is  generally  supposed.  Many  people  seem  to  think  that  the 
soil  produces  good  grass  itself — and  that  all  our  misuse  both  of  the  land  and  the 
grass,  will  not  hinder  us  from  having  good  grass  under  all  circumstances.  We 
might  nearly  as  well  expect  to  have  a  good  crop  of  wheat  under  similar  circum- 
stances. When  land  is  once  thoroughly  set  in  grass  congenial  to  it — blue  grass 
for  example,  on  our  fine  limestone  lands — the  grass  will  certainly  endure  a  great 
deal,  make  a  grand  struggle  for  life,  and  die  very  hard.  But  he  who  supposes 
that  good  grass  comes  by  chance — or  that  continual  efforts  to  destroy  it,  is  a  good 
way  to  use  it,  will  find  himself  mistaken.  I  repeat,  that  it  is  very  far  from  being 
either  an  easy  or  a  sudden  thing  to  get  a  farm  well  set  in  grass;  very  far  from 
being  a  certain  thing  that  our  grass,  after  we  have  gotten  it,  will  flourish  under 
excessive  abuse. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  97 

2.  Pasture  lands  should  be  grazed  on  these  two  principles,  to-wit:  First.  Let 
the  o-rass  always  have  a  fair  start  before  it  is  grazed,  and  so  graze  it,  if  possible, 
as  to  let  it  keep  always  well  ahead.  With  a  full  bite,  live  stock  get  more  food 
and  better,  and  in  half  the  time  and  without  a  tenth  part  of  the  injury  to  the 
grass;  while  at  the  same  time  the  land  is  protected  and  shaded  by  the  full  crop 
of  grass — and  more  stock  can  be  thus  supported  on  the  grass.  In  our  best  grasses 
this  is  a  nice  operation;  for  example,  the  red  clover  ceases  to  produce  leaves  as 
soon  as  it  blooms — and  therefore,  to  let  it  bloom  is  to  diminish  immensely  its 
value  for  grazing.  And  blue  grass  in  very  light  lands,  is  terribly  pulled  up  by 
cattle  and  horses,  in  grazing  after  the  grass  has  gone  fully  to  seed.  Secondly.  Have 
the  grass  crops  of  the  year  grazed  off  one  time,  pretty  clean,  within  the  year.  I 
consider  the  summer  the  best  time  to  do  this;  others  prefer  other  seasons.  Grass 
is  an  annual  growth — and  we  might  as  well  let  our  wheat  or  corn  stand  over  un- 
gathered,  as  to  use  our  grass  in  the  same  way.  We  want  the  grass  for  use — and 
so  far  from  being  an  injury  to  it,  we  benefit  it  by  consuming,  at  least  once  a  year, 
and  reasonably  close  the  product  of  the  year.  Not  bare,  so  as  to  injure  the  young 
^rop,  but  only  so  as  to  get  the  old  crop,  as  near  as  we  can. 

3.  I  object,  in  the  most  decided  manner,  to  the  plowing  under  of  our  grass 
crops,  when  green.  In  the  greater  part  of  our  Kentucky  lands,  deep  plowing,  or 
sub-soiling  is  incomparably  more  profitable,  and  hardly  atall  more  troublesome 
than  plowing  imder  a  rank  crop  of  grass.  But,  on  the  other  hand,  it  is  greatly 
to  be  doubted  whether,  in  the  long  run,  a  crop  of  grass  considered  merely  as  a 
manure,  will  not  do  as  much  good  after  passing  through  the  stomach  of  our  live 
stock,  as  by  being  plowed  under;  and,  in  the  mean  time,  by  one  method  we  got 
only  the  manure — while  by  the  other  we  get  the  manure  and  get  a  crop  besides. 
Moreover,  this  process  of  turning  under  green  crops  in  this  latitude,  must  be  done 
ordinarily  when  our  fervid  sun  is  burning  upon  the  exposed  land,  and  when  the 
shade  of  grass  upon  it  is  nearly  as  important  as  the  manure  the  grass  would. 
make  under  it. 

4.  The  fattening  qualities  of  grass  as  compared  with  grain,  have  been  greatly 
underrated  by  most  persons  who  have  not  paid  particular  attention  to  the  subject. 
An  ox  confined  exclusively  to  grass,  will  thrive  rapidly,  and  at  last  become  very 
fat.  It  is  extremely  doubtful  if  an  ox  could  be  kept  alive  till  he  was  fully  grown, 
if  confined  exclusively  to  any  one  kind  of  grain — and  it  is  certain  that  he  could. 
not  be  fatted  if  fed  exclusively  on  it.  No  experiments  have  been  made  in  thi» 
State,  with  sufficient  accuracy  to  determine  positively  the  relative  value  of  corn 
and  grass  in  fattening  stock — especially  cattle,  even  when  the  stock  is  allowed. 
the  fodder  as  a  change;  but  the  estimate  of  those  who  have  paid  most  attention 
to  the  matter,  is  that  in  the  unlimited  use  of  both,  grass  is  at  least  doubly  as  effi- 
cacious as  corn. 

5.  Where  grass  is  properly  used,  pasture  becomes  continually  better  the  long- 
er the  land  lies  in  grass,  When  land  is  first  laid  down  to  grass,  especially  land 
which  has  not  been  long  in  cultivation,  it  is  only  the  product  of  the  seed  we  have 
sown  that  springs  up  on  it.  But  plants  of  other  kinds  gradually  appear  in  pas- 
tures as  they  become  old.  Only  a  certain  amount  of  any  vegetable  production 
will  flourish  on  a  particular  soil;  but  a  great  mass  of  other  kinds  will  grow  on  it 
at  the  same  time.  We  have  all  seen  an  immense  crop  of  corn,  another  of  pump- 
kins, and  another  of  various  kinds  of  weeds,  grow  in  the  same  field  at  one  time. 
Something  similar  takes  place  in  our  pastures  and  meadows.  The  spaces  which 
one  kind  of  grass  does  not  occupy  become  full  of  other  kinds;  and  these  various 
kinds  coming  forward  successively,  greatly  increase  both  the  amount  and  the 
quality  of  the  production.  This  immense  advantage  is  altogether  peculiar  to 
husbandry,  whose  basis  is  grass.  And  it  should  teach  U3  the  double  lesson,  of 
mixing  our  grasses  whether  for  pasture  or  meadow  judiciously  and  richly,  and 

7 


98  REPORT  OF  THE 

of  allowing  our  lands  to  continue  in  grass  as  long  as  the  system  of  cropping  we 
adopt  will  allow. 

6.  The  importance  of  green  food  in  winter,  is  not  sufficiently  attended  to,  either 
by  our  breeders  or  grazers.  It  is  almost  indispensable  to  young  stock  of  every 
kind — as  well  as  to  all  animals  giving  suck — and  all  out  of  health.  It  may  be 
provided  in  some  good  degree,  by  any  kind  winter  small  grain,  sown  early  in  the 
fall  expressly  for  the  purpose,  and  plowed  up,  if  necessary,  the  next  spring.  It  is 
the  most  economical  extravagance,  both  of  labor  and  grain,  a  farmer  can  practice. 
But  the  real  method  is,  to  save  grass  expressly  for  winter  grazing.  Blue  grass  not 
grazed  after  June,  will  support  nearly  as  much  stock  the  following  winter,  as  it 
would  have  done  if  grazed  on  till  winter  feeding  commenced.  There  may  be 
exceptional  and  very  hard  winters,  when  the  thing  would  fail.  But  there  are 
very  bad  seasons  in  which  our  summer  crops  also  fail.  Such  exceptions  though 
very  pernicious,  should  not  deter  us  from  a  settled  system  which  ordinarily  works 
well. 

7.  Like  all  other  husbandry  that  which  is  based  on  grass,  is  liable  to  special 
ihelps  or  special  drawbacks,  according  to  the  particular  use  made  of  it.  Thus 
the  beauty  and  perfection,  as  well  as  the  course  and  profit  of  our  grass  husband- 
ry, will  be  very  much  affected  by  the  particular  kind  of  stock  we  handle,  and  the 
particular  manner  in  which  we  do  it.  It  is  extremely  easy  to  have  fine  grass  if 
we  handle  only  cattle  and  sheep,  compared  with  what  it  is,. if  we  handle  only 
mules  and  hogs;  and  moreover,  we  must  to  some  extent  use  different  grasses, 
and  use  them  in  a  different  manner,  according  as  we  turn  our  attention  chiefly  to 
one  or  other  kind  of  live  stock.  But  these  are  questions  which  do  not  belong  to 
the  subject  under  consideration,  since  in  every  case,  though  in  different  manners, 
the  grass  and  live  stock  not  only  belong  to  each  other,  but  the  profit  of  each  de- 
pends in  the  highest  degree  on  the  other. 

8.  I  ought  to  say  a  few  words  about  the  hereditary  enemies  of  grass — those 
apparently  imperishable  foes  who  ought  to  be  hated  of  every  agriculturist,  and 
to  make  us  hate  whom  more  and  more,  is  one  of  the  great  benefits  of  a  husband- 
ry based  on  grass.  There  is  iron-weed,  and  fox-tail,  and  careless,  and  rag-weed, 
and  dock,  and  burs,  and  brown  sedge,  and  mullen,  and  polk,  and  Canada  thistle, 
and  white  blossom,  and  ground  moss,  and  briars,  and  cane — to  say  nothing  of  the 
ceaseless  efforts  of  the  soil  to  cover  itself  afresh  with  bushes  of  all  sorts,  and 
nameless  shrubs  and  annual  weeds.  There  is  nothing  for  it,  but  that  we  fight 
them  manfully  from  year  to  year.  And  we  know  full  well,  that  of  all  the  staples 
cultivated  by  man,  not  one  unites  with  him  in  this  war  upon  ill  weeds,  which  is 
the  portion  of  every  farmer,  with  such  determined  hostility  as  those  very  grasses 
for  which  .1  am  pleading.  Let  us  not  allow  our  children  to  say  of  us,  as  we  fear  we 
are  obliged  to  say  of  our  fathers,  that  with  all  their  great  qualities,  they  had  this 
grand  defect,  that  they  did  not  understand  the  importance  of  killing  weeds,  which 
I  take  to  be  the  first  work  of  a  real  farmer.  All  weeds  are  not  equally  injurious, 
and  indeed  many  are  in  a  certain  sense  even  valuable  as  food  for  live  stock;  nor 
are  they  all  equally  tenacious  of  life — some  being  also  only  annual  plants,  while 
others  biennial,  and  others  perennial.  But  they  are  all  destructive,  in  a  higher 
or  lower  degree,  of  all  grasses — and  all  are  injurious  in  a  special  manner  to  one 
or  other  of  the  species  of  grass  raised  by  us. 

9.  I  have  already  alluded  to  the  influence  of  this  kind  of  husbandry  on  the 
population  of  any  country,  by  reason  of  its  effect  in  lightening  the  toil  of  the 
farmer.  But  there  are  other  effects  of  it,  hardly  less  important  to  man.  Of  all 
systems  of  husbandry  it  is  at  once  the  most  beautiful  and  the  most  healthful;  so 
that  by  means  of  it  above  all  others,  not  only  is  the  labor  of  the  vast  populations 
of  the  earth  devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits,  made  lighter  and  more  remunerative, 
but  those  populations  are  the  most  delivered  from  all  diseases  which  have  a  local 
origin,  and   the   most   favorably  situated  to  be  morally  influenced  by  whatever 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


99 


is  beautiful  and  attractive  in  rural  life.  It  is  impossible  to  estimate  too 
highly  the  influence  which  our  daily  occupations,  and  the  constant  objects  which 
surround  us,  exert  upon  us.  And  what  I  mean  is,  that  this  sort  of  husband- 
ry, in  its  very  nature  and  in  all  the  circumstances  which  attend  it,  is  not  only 
pre-eminently  favorable  to  the  general  progress  of  an  agricultural  population — 
but  also  to  the  personal  developement  of  the  individual  man.  He  who  said  that 
the  man  who  made  two  blades  of  grass  grow  where  only  one  grew  before,  eonfer- 
ed  a  o-reat  benefit  on  society,  did  not  speak  idly,  whether  we  consider  the  material 
or  the  moral  interests  of  mankind. 


Essay  by  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  D.  D.,  of  Fayette  County,  to  whom  was  awarded  the 

second  Premium. 

ON  BREEDING  STOCK  OF  ANY  KIND. 

The  particular  stock  to  which  the  following  remarks  more  immediately  relate  is 
the  Short-horns,  commonly  called  Durham  cattle.  But  the  great  principles  laid 
down  apply  to  all  kinds  of  domestic  quadrupeds.  The  Short-horns  are  selected, 
because  they  are  at  the  head  of  all  races  of  cattle;  and  therefore  in  a  country, 
the  basis  of  whose  husbandry  is  grass,  they  are  at  the  head  of  the  live  stock  in- 
terest. Anything  which  promotes  their  intelligent  culture  must  promote,  in  the 
highest  degree,  the  agricultural  interest  of  the  State.  The  single  point  herein 
discussed  is  breeding — that  being  the  only  one  embraced  in  this  particular  theme, 
as  assigned  by  the  State  Agricultural  Socieiy.  And  the  object  aimed  at  is  to  state 
brieflv  and  clearly  the  great  principles  which  breeders  must  understand  and  adopt, 
if  they  would  breed  with  certainty  and  with  profit, 

Laws  of  Nature. — There  are  two  natural  laws  which  lie  at  the  foundation  of 
this  whole  subject,  both  of  which  we  must  steadily  regard.  The  first  is,  that  like 
produces  like.  What  we  expect  and  desire  in  the  olfspring  we  must  find  in  the 
parents.  This  stability  and  uniformity  of  nature  is  the  very  foundation  of  the- 
whole  order  of  the  universe.  We  are  not  entitled  to  expect  that  it  will  be  depart- 
ed from  for  our  advantage,  nor  need  we  have  any  fear  that  we  may  not  trust  im- 
plicity  to  its  force.  What  we  mean  by  pure  blood  or  high  bred  is,  that  the  ani- 
mals thus  designated  belong  to  a  family  that  carries  very  far,  and  that  has  car- 
ried very  long,  the  power  to  produce  other  animals  having  the  particular  quali- 
ties we  prize  nnd  seek.  This  great  law  of  like  after  like  is  subject,  like  every 
other  law  of  nature,  to  be  weakened  or  to  be  increased  in  its  power,  and  is  liable 
to  operate  to  the  great  injury  or  to  the  great  advantage  of  man.  But  its  exis- 
tence and  its  fundamental  importance  must  be  recognized  in  every  step  the  breed- 
er takes. 

The  second  of  the  two  great  natural  laws  alluded  to  above  may  be  thus  stated: 
Culture  is  capable  of  modifying  the  great  law  of  like  after  like,  both  for  good,  and, 
for  evil,  to  the  utmost  extent  compatible  with  the  enduring  power  of  the  law  itself. 
It  is  impossible  to  set  limits  to  the  injury  or  the  improvement  that  every  thin* 
whbh  exists  is  capable  of  Avhile  yet  remaining  essentially  the  same.  While  the 
first  law  teaches  us  that  we  can  create  nothing,  the  second  law  teaches  us  that 
we  can  improve  every  thing  that  exists.  These  two  laws  give  to  the  breeder  all 
the  control  that  is  possible  or  desirable  over  the  subject.  Absolute  unity,  cer- ' 
tainty,  and  steadfastness  in  the  thing,  and  yet  almost  boundless  variety  in  the 
modes  of  its  manifestation — these  are  the  two  grand  truths  which  the  breeder 
must  operate  with  in  all  his  endeavors  to  perpetuate  or  to  improve  any  race  of 
animals. 


100  REPORT  OF  THE 

Fundamental  Results  of  these  Laws. — In  the  first  place  it  is  utterly  im- 
possible for  us  to  perpetuate  artificial  peculiarities  of  any  kind  whatever.  A 
horse,  nicked  or  foxed,  never  begets  a  nicked  or  foxed  colt.  In  the  second  place, 
natural  peculiarities,  congenital,  as  they  are  called,  when  they  are  uniform  in  the 
particular  race,  will  be  propagated  with  like  uniformity;  thus  no  Short-horn  is  of 
any  color  but  white  or  led,  or  a  mixture  of  both.  In  the  third  place  these  natu- 
ral peculiarities,  even  when  they  are  personal  to  the  particular  animal,  are,  to  a 
certain  extent,  propagated  in  its  offspring;  thus  a  bull  born  without  a  tail,  or  with 
a  very  coarse  head,  may  be  expected  to  have  some  calves  with  similar  defects, 
and  following  up  we  might  at  last  establish  a  family  thus  accidentally  originated 
by  nature.  In  the  fourth  place,  we  may,  by  persevering  neglect,  or  ignorance, 
or  design,  greatly  seduce  nature  to  originate  these  accidental  varieties,  and  tor- 
ture her  into  the  production  of  deformed,  or  barren,  or  monstrous  animals.  In 
the  fifth  place,  we  may,  by  docile,  assiduous,  and  kind  waiting  on  nature,  so  learn 
her  ways  and  so  win  her  smiles  that  our  wise  and  experienced  endeavors  to  help 
her  efforts  will  be  followed  by  abundant  rewards  in  the  increased  beauty,  excel- 
lence and  value  of  all  we  rear.  In  the  sixth  place,  our  wisdom  is,  therefore,  to 
avoid  carefully  all  those  peculiarieies  which  are  merely  personal  to  particular  an- 
imals, and  to  select  animals  for  their  general  perfection  in  the  peculiarities  com- 
mon to  the  race;  for,  in  the  former  case,  we  are  liable  to  an  excessive  and  spe- 
cial development,  while,  in  the  latter  case  we  may  expect  general  excellence  and 
improvement,  which  is  what  we  want. 

General  Principles  Founded  on  these  Laws  and  Results. — A  vast 
amount  of  injury  is  done  to  domestic  animals  of  all  sorts  by  crossing  various  races 
of  each  kind  upon  one  another.  No  man  can  guess  of  what  race,  or  of  what 
mixture  of  races,  the  common  cattle,  horses,  sheep  or  hogs  of  the  country  origi- 
nally came.  But  every  man  can  see  how  few  capital  animals  are  to  be  found 
amongst  any  of  them.  This  promiscuous  method  of  breeding  one  variety  upon 
another,  subverts  the  first  law,  and  resists  the  uniform  endeavor  of  nature,  as  ap- 
plied to  the  whole  subject  of  breeding.  We  cannot  even  keep  up  a  race  of  half- 
breeds  by  breeding  half-breeds  to  each  other.  How  then  can  a  race  with  a  multi- 
tude of  different  crosses  in  it  possibly  be  either  uniform  or  valuable?  To  adhere 
tenaciously  to  an  unmixed  blood,  is  the  very  first  requisite  in  all  breeding  that 
aims  to  preserve  the  excellence  we  have  already  secured,  or  to  increase  it,  in  any 
race  of  animals. 

2.  The  question  of  pure  blood,  as  applied  to  every  race  of  animals,  has  al- 
ready been  explained  as  a  matter  of  principle.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  in  the  case 
of  each  particular  animal,  while  we  are  left,  in  a  great  degree,  to  depend  on  the 
testimony  of  owners  and  traders  for  extended  pedigrees,  yet  there  are  natural 
marks  well  known  to  experienced  breeders,  and  clearly  laid  down  in  all  the  books 
which  treat  of  the  different  races  of  animals,  which  render  gross  imposition  im- 
possible on  those  who  understand  their  business.  A  thorough  bred  Short-horn  is 
as  easily  distinguished  from  other  races  of  cattle  as  a  Saxon  sheep  is  from  a  Cots- 
wold,  or  a  race  horse  from  a  cart  horse;  and  unless  we  will  put  ourselves  to  the 
trouble  of  being  qualified  to  do  this,  we  must  be  content  to  trust  our  ignorance  to 
chance.  With  regard  to  herd  books,  we  are  liable  to  form  very  erroneous  opin- 
ions. Those  books  are  of  very  great  value,  precisely  as  any  other  means  of  ad- 
vertising is,  and  also  very  much  as  a  record  office  of  land  titles  is.  But  it  is  very 
idle  to  suppose  that  all  advertisements  are  strictly  true,  or  that  all  lands  with  a 
perfect  title  are  rich  lands.  Many  herd  book  pedigrees  are,  on  their  face,  con- 
demnatory of  the  animals  advertised,  and  not  a  few  are  incorrect.  That  breed- 
ers do  not  guard  against  such  evils,  or  that  they  are  not  sufficiently  informed  to 
do  so,  are  amongst  the  reasons  why  they  are  so  often  disappointed  in  the  stock 
they  breed. 

3.  Itisone  evil  result  of  the  various  errors  already  alluded  to,  that  any  coun- 
tenance should  be  given  to  attempt  to  elevate  high  grade  cattle  to  something  like 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  101 

an  equality  with  those  of  pure  blood.  Short-horns  are  a  distinct  and  very  an- 
cient variety  of  cattle:  for  our  purposes  in  Kentucky,  and  in  the  West  generally, 
incomparably  the  best  race  of  cattle.  High  grades  are,  no  doubt,  a  very  great 
improvement  on  the  common  cattle;  but  to  dignify  them  -with  the  name  of  full 
blooded,  and  to  allow  them  to  be  considered  as  a  near  approach  to  the  pure  blood- 
ed, is  a  very  serious  error,  which  can  work  nothing  but  injury  to  the  stock  of  the 
country,  and  which  can  impose  on  none  but  ignorant  breeders.  If  the  Short- 
horns were  a  race  made  by  crossing  several  other  races — which  some  have  igno- 
rantly  pretended — even  then  it  would  be  useless  for  us  to  work  the  race  over  again 
by  new  crosses.  But  seeing  it  is  a  distinct,  peculiar  and  very  perfect  race,  crea- 
ted, perhaps,  at  first,  and  very  anciently,  by  natural  congenital  peculiai  ties  in  cer- 
tain animals,  and  afterwards  most  carefully  bred  and  improved  by  culture 
through  many  centuries,  and  now  widely  diffused  and  multiplied  in  all  the  finest 
portions  of  the  earth;  it  is  mere  wantonness  for  those  who  are  interested  in  this 
noble  race  to  connive  at  practices  so  injurious  to  its  reputation  and  value.  If  full 
blooded  means  anything  else  than  thorough  bred,  then  it  means  grade,  and  ought 
tc  be  so  called;  but  if  it  means  to  place  the  grade  on  a  level  with  the  pure,  then 
it  is  mere  folly  or  imposture. 

4.  Thus  separating  the  pure  from  the  grade,  produced  by  itself,  and  from  all 
mixture  with  other  races,  no  matter  how  excellent,  we  are  restricted  in  breeding 
to  animals  of  the  one  race,  and  this  universally  in  all  breeding  that  aims  at  per- 
manent improvement.  Pure  breeding  is,  therefore,  necessarily  in-and-in  breed- 
ing, to  a  certain  extent.  How  far  that  principle  should  go,  and  by  what  means 
we  can  best  avoid  its  supposed  evil  results,  are  questions  upon  which  great  differ- 
ence of  opinion  exists.  In  this  country  there  is  a  general  prejudice  against  in- 
and-in  breeding;  and  breeders  of  Short-horns  generally  have  accustomed  them- 
selves to  keep  their  bulls  only  for  a  few  years,  and  to  seek  breeding  animals  as  re- 
motely related  to  their  own  herds  as  they  could  obtain.  It  is  this  same  feeling 
which  has  created  and  sustained  such  constant  and  excessive  importations  of 
Short-horns  from  England;  although,  in  the  judgment  of  those  most  qualified  to 
judge,  and  who  have  had  the  best  opportunities  of  forming  an  opinion,  we  have 
in  Kentucky  larger  herds  and  better  animals  than  exist  in  England.  The  most 
certain  and  the  most  obvious  effect  of  this  method  of  breeding,  is  to  deprive  any 
particular  herd  of  any  distinct  character  peculiar  to  itself.  The  general  improve- 
ment of  all  mir>ht  possibly  be  promoted  in  this  manner  if  all  breeders  were  skill- 
ful and  experienced.  But  the  special  improvement  of  any,  to  a  very  high  de- 
gree, is  nearly  impossible,  under  such  a  system,  by  which  every  breeder  guaran- 
tees, in  a  manner,  the  skill  and  knowledge  of  all  the  rest,  and  at  the  same  time 
deprives  himself  habitually  of  advantages  obtained  by  his  own  skill  or  good  for- 
tune at  the  very  moment  those  advantages  are  most  important. 

5.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  experience  has  clearly  proved  that,  while  in-and-in 
breeding,  followed  ignorantly  or  indefinitely,  may  produce  much  injury;  at  the 
same  time,  in-and-in  breeding  has  been  so  followed  as  to  produce  not  only  the 
very  finest  animals,  but  the  very  finest  herds  of  the  race.  As  a  matter  of  princi- 
ple, as  has  been  already  intimated,  in-and-in  breeding  is  but  another  name  for 
pure  breeding,  for  all  pure  breeding  is  confining  ourselves  to  one  race,  while  in- 
and-in  breeding  is  but  confining  ourselves  to  a  few,  or  to  a  single  family  of  that 
race.  If  we  will  be  guided  by  nature,  her  proceedings  are  invariable  as  to  the 
method  by  which  she  keeps  races  distinct  and  carries  them  to  perfection.  For  all 
animals  that  pair,  pair  out  of  the  same  litter  from  generation  to  generation;  and 
amongst  all  gregarious  animals,  not  only  does  the  same  herd  continue  itself,  but 
it  happens  necessarily  and  continually,  that  the  very  closest  in-and-in  breeding, 
both  up  and  down  and  collateral,  is  the  very  rule  of  her  work.  In  both  in- 
stances the  result  she  produces  is  a  uniformity  and  a  perfection  in  every  species 
up  to  the  highest  points  permitted  by  the  circumstances  of  each.     The  general 


102  REPORT  OF  THE 

truth  undoubtedly  is,  that  by  skillful  in-and-in  breeding-,  we  intensify  the  prevail- 
ing blood,  whatever  tbat  is;  we  get  rid  of  all  subordinate  mixtures  and  tenden- 
cies; we  five  increased  stability  and  uniformity  to  the  peculiar  characteristics  of 
the  race,  and  we  establish,  in  the  firmest  manner  possible,  all  the  qualities  of  the 
race,  whatever  they  may  be.  It  cannot  be  too  distinctly  understood  that  this 
question  depends  essentially  upon  another  already  spoken  of.  If  the  Short-horns 
be  a  distinct  and  a  pure  race,  in-and-in  breeding  is  a  certain  way  to  perfect  it;  but 
if  it  be  a  made  race,  in-and-in  breeding  is  a  certain  way  to  break  up  its  mixtures 
and  to  bring  out  the  prevailing  race  out  of  the  several  races  which  compose  it. 
As  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  it  is  a  pure  race,  the  popular  prejudice  against  in- 
and-in  breeding,  as  applied  to  it,  is  unfounded  and  injurious. 

6.  There  is  some  difference  of  opinion  as  to  the  age  at  which  animals  should 
be  put  to  breeding.  The  prevailing  opinion  amongst  the  best  breeders  is,  that 
heifers  should  bring  their  first  calf  at  about  three  years  of  age — some  respect 
being  had  to  the  season  of  the  year  at  which  the  calf  should  come — and  that 
bulls  may  be  allowed  to  serve  a  few  cows  without  injury  to  them,  at  fifteen  or 
eighteen  months  old.  The  average  time  of  gestation  for  a  cow  is  280  days. 
Nearly  all  heifers  will  bring  their  first  calf  at  two  years  of  age,  or  even  younger, 
if  permitted;  the  effect  of  which  is  apt  to  be  to  retard  the  complete  development 
of  the  cow,  if  not  to  injure  her  permanently  in  size  and  appearance.  Under  all 
circumstances,  this  race  of  cattle  appears  to  be  liable  to  occasional  barrenness  in 
both  sexes,  and  to  compensate  for  it  by  occasional  excessive  fecundity,  twins  be- 
ing far  more  common  than  barren  animals — both  of  which  facts,  if  not  peculiar 
to  this  race,  are  far  more  common  than  in  any  other.  There  is  no  reason  to  be- 
lieve that  the  offspring,  either  of  the  cow  or  the  bull,  depends  upon  the  age  of 
either  parent  for  its  excellence,  except  so  far  as  the  health  of  the  parent  and  its 
adequate  vigor  may  be  considered  as  influenced  by  its  time  of  life.  As  a  race, 
the  Short-horns  are  vigorous,  healthful,  and  long  lived.  Among  them,  as 
amongst  all  creatures  that  exist,  there  is  reason  to  believe  that  hereditary  quali- 
ties that  are  personal,  descend  most  surely  across  the  sexes,  to-wit:  from  the 
male  parent  to  the  female  issue,  and  vice  versa.  A  remarkable  fact  of  the  very 
highest  importance,  of  which  all  ages  and  condittons  of  men  have  had  a  vague 
conviction,  which  nothing  but  experience  can  establish,  and  which  well  deserves 
a  more  serious  examination  than  it  has  received. 

It  would  add  many  millions  to  the  wealth  of  Kentucky  if  all  her  cattle  could 
be  supplanted  by  this  race  of  Short-horns,  or  even  by  high  grades  of  them.  Even 
the  permanent  establishment  of  numerous  herds  of  pure  blood  and  high  excel- 
lence in  her  unequaled  grass  region  would  open  a  mine  of  wealth  to  the  State- 
The  culture  of  them,  moreover,  besides  being  amongst  the  most  remunerative 
branches  of  rural  economy,  is  one  of  the  most  rational  and  beautiful  parts  of  the 
farm  life  of  our  land  holders.  The  great  attention,  therefore,  which  is  paid  to 
them  by  all  our  agricultural  societies  is  one  of  their  most  beneficial  acts,  and 
this  little  attempt  to  promote  their  objects  will  be  accepted,  at  least,  as  a  token  of 
the  satisfaction  and  good  wishes  of  an  old  breeder. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


ESSAY  ON  SOILS, 


10« 


Accompanying  a  Collection  of  Kentucky  Soils  sent  for  exhibition  at  the  meet- 
ing of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  by  D.  D.  Owen,  State  Geol- 
ogist, to  whom  was  awarded  the  First  Premium 

Whence  are  the  soils  derived?  Can  they  be  distinctly  traced  to  the  subjacent 
rock  formation? 

What  is  the  chemical  composition  of  soils? 

What  part  of  the  soil  actually  enters  into  the  composition  of  the  plant,  and  is 
essential  to  the  full  maturity  of  any  given  crop? 

What  are  the  principal  ingredients  of  the  soil  abstracted  by  cultivation? 

How  are  these  best  restored? 

These  are  questions  of  paramount  interest  to  the  farmer,  and  their  correction 
cannot  fail  to  confer  information  of  vital  importance  to  the  agricultural  commu- 
nity of  the  Commonwealth. 

Let  any  one  traverse  the  State  of  Kentucky  from  south-east  to  north-west, 
from  Ballard  county,  on  the  Mississippi,  to  the  interior  of  the  "blue  grass" 
country  in  Fayette  and  Bourbon  counties,  and  take  particular  notice  of  the  prin- 
cipal varieties  of  soil  as  he  passes  through  the  various  counties,  and  he  cannot 
fail  to  observe  seven  very  different  kinds  of  soil. 

1.  The  fine  textured,  light  yellowish,  grey,  silicious,  marly  and  loamy  soils 
which  prevail  between  the  Mississippi  and  the  Tennessee  Rivers,  in  the  counties 
of  the  Jackson  Purchase,  supporting,  where  most  silicious,  a  growth  of  barren 
oak;  where  more  marly,  especially  in  the  vicinity  of  the  principal  water  courses, 
a  large  growth  of  poplar,  walnut,  beech,  ash,  sugar-tree,  and  large  overcup  and 
black  oaks. 

2.  The  brownish  red  calcareous  clay  soils  of  Lyon,  and  Caldwell,  and  Critten- 
den counties.,  formerly  open  grass  or  prairie  lands,  now,  since  the  settlement  of 
the  country,  grown  up  with  black  jack,  red  oak,  black  hickory,  and  black 
walnut. 

3.  The  mixed  arenaceous   and   argillaceous  soils    of  the   southern  and  middle 
parts  of  Union  county,  the  greater  part  of  Hopkins,  Ohio,  and  Grayson  coun- 
ties, supporting  a  mixed  growth  of  poplar,  oaks,  hickory,  ash,  walnuts,  and  sugar-  _ 
tree. 

4.  The  silico-argillaceous  soils  of  the  knobby  region  of  Bullitt,  the  slope  *  of 
Muldraugh's  Hill,  and  along  its  range  through  portions  of  the  western  part  of 
Bullitt,  the  eastern  part  of  Hardin  and  Larue  counties,  characterized,  where 
most  silicious,  by  chesnut  oak,  white  oak,  ash,  small  hickory,  and  black  gum; 
where  more  argillaceous,  by  the  addition  of  beech,  and,  where  locally  calcareous, 
by  groves  of  sugar-tree. 

5.  The  light,  ash-colored,  tenacious,  wet,  clay  soil  towards  the  base  of  the 
same  range  of  hills,  where  beech,  oak  and  hickory  prevail. 

6.  The  chocolate-colored,  magnesio-calcareous  soil,  on  the  eastern  part  of  Bul- 
litt and  Jefferson  counties,  together  with  a  narrow  belt  of  country  stretching 
through  the  western  confines  of  Nelson,  supporting  a  growth  of  white  and  red 
oak,  hickory,  dogwood,  poplar,  and  sugar  tree. 

7.  The  eminently  argillo  calcareous  soil  of  the  celebrated  "blue  grass  lands" 
of  the  middle  counties,  supporting  a  growth  of  beech,  buckeye,  elm,  blue  ash, 
poplar,  sugar-tree,  and  walnut. 

Through  the  greater  portion  of  the  counties  of  Breckinridge,  Edmonson,  and 
Warren,  he  will  find  a  repetition  of  the  same  kind  of  soil  as  in  Lyon,  Caldwell, 
and  Crittenden,  with,  however,  an  admixture  and  alternation  of  sandy  loams 
with  the  calcareous  clavs. 


104  REPORT  OF  THE 

Beyond  the  blue  grass  region  he  will  find,  with  the  exception  of  the  quarter- 
nary  loams,  a  repetition  of  the  same  kinds  of  soil,  with  some  modification,  but  in 
an  inverse  order,  terminating  with  the  arenaceous  soil  on  the  waters  of  Big 
Sandy  bordering  on  the  Virginia  line. 

If  the  observer  have  a  general  knowledge  of  Western  geology,  he  will  at  once 
observe  that  each  of  these  well  marked  soils  are  co-extensive  with  seven  princi- 
pal rock  formations  on  which  the  soil  is  based. 

The  first  overlying  the  newest  or  most  recent  of  all  the  geological  formations 
of  the  State  (except  the  alluvial  lands  or  the  river  bottoms,)  and  known  as  quar- 
ternary  deposits. 

The  second  being  in  immediate  connection  with  the  Barren  limestone  forma- 
tion. 

The  third  prevailing  over  the  area  of  the  western  coal  measures  of  the 
State. 

The  fourth  coincident  with  the  fine-grained  argillaceous  sandstone  of  the 
knobs. 

The  fifth  based  on  the  black  bituminous  shale  at  the  base  of  the  knobs. 
The  sixth  overlying  benches  and  cliffs  of  buff  and  variegated  limestones,  often 
highly  magnesian. 

The  seventh  co  extensive  with  the  range  of  the  blue  limestones  of  central  Ken- 
ucky. 

Thus  proving  incontestably  not  only  the  derivation  of  the  soil  from  the  subja- 
cent geological  strata,  but  disclosing,  at  the  same  time,  marked  peculiarities  in 
each  soil,  rendering  it  better  adapted  for  certain  growths  than  others. 

For  instance:  He  will  find  the  fine  silicious  loam  and  quarternary  marly  soil 
well  suited  to  the  gi'oth  of  maize  and  fine  silky  tobacco:  the  barren  limestone  soil, 
though  yielding  also  good  crops  of  tobacco,  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  growth 
of  certain  grasses  and  small  grain,  and  it  is  well  known  to  the  early  settlers  of 
this  region  of  country,  that  the  original  growth  of  "barren  grass"  on  the  virgin 
soil  in  question  was  so  luxuriant  that  it  reached  the  height  of  a  man  on  horse- 
back; the  blue  limestone  soil  is  emphatically  a  blue  grass  and  hemp  country,  be- 
sides being  well  adapted  for  corn  and  wheat. 

This  intimate  connection  between  the  soil  and  underlying  geological  formation 
is  capable,  moreover,  of  being  carried  into  greater  minutia,  since  it  can  already 
be  shown  that  several  subdivisions  of  leading  formations  in  part  distinctly  recog- 
nizable peculiarties  to  the  soil.  It  will  suffice,  at  present,  to  cite  a  few  instances 
in  the  range  of  the  blue  limestone. 

The  soil  produced  from  the  upper  members  of  this  geological  formation  in 
Spencer  county  gives  rise,  almost  exclusively,  to  beech  growth,  and  is  well  suited 
to  the  growth  of  wheat,  oats,  corn,   and  clover. 

In  Nelson  county  a  substratum  of  silico-calcareous,  reddish  brown  earth  is 
traceable,  in  which  large  fragments  of  certain  species  of  marine  fossil  shells  are 
universally  disseminated,  composed  almost  exclusively  of  quartz,  resulting  from 
the  decomposition  of  certain  shell  beds  of  limited  thickness,  occurring  in  a  par- 
ticular position  in  the  blue  limestone  formation  of  Nelson,  which  is  coincident 
with  the  so-called  "blue  ash"  lands  of  Nelson  county. 

In  the  center  of  Washington  county  there  is  a  different  kind  of  soil  on  which 
tobacco  grows  too  rank  and  coarse,  but  which  is  excellent  hemp  land,  and  on 
which  an  exceedingly  large  growth  of  yellow  poplar  flourishes.  This  soil  can  be 
traced  to  a  substratum — a  member  of  the  blue  limestone — distinct  from  that  of 
the  adjacent  white  oak  lands  in  the  neighborhood  of  Springfield,  in  the  same 
county. 

Besides  these  variations  in  the  quality  of  the  soil  derived  from  certain  subdi- 
visions of  the  same  leading  formation,  changes  will  undoubtedly  also  be  discov- 
erable in  the  soil  derived  from  rocks  of  the  same  age   in  their  superficial  exten- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  105 

sion  over  distant  parts  of  the  State,  corresponding  to  local  modifications  in  their 
lithological  character,  since  a  formation  of  the  same  age  may  be  a  limestone  at 
one  locality,  a  marly  clay  at  another,  and  some  times  even  pass  into  an  arena- 
ceous rock  at  a  third  locality;  these  changes  having  been  brought  about  by  the 
particles  of  clay  remaining  much  longer  suspended  in  water  than  the  heavier 
grains  of  sand,  and  consequently  are  transported  further,  and  carried  out  to  sea, 
or  into  the  gulf  or  estuary  in  which  the  deposit  subsided.  Such  modifications  in 
the  chemical  composition  of  the  same  member  of  the  same  formation  occur,  even 
in  its  extension  over  a  single  county. 

It  should  be  observed,  however,  that  where  the  soil  is  composed  of  accumula- 
tions of  transported  materials  or  washed  debris  from  ranges  of  hills  composed  of 
various  rocks,  little  or  no  analogy  can  be  traced  between  the  soil  and  subjacent 
rock. 

How  various,  then,  must  be  the  soils  of  Kentucky,  both  in  their  physical  prop- 
erties and  their  chemical  composition! 

These  facts  are  ample  testimony  of  the  general  geological  truth,  that  soils  are 
derived  from  and  generally  partake  of  the  chemical  constitution  of  the  .adjacent 
rock  formation.  When  the  chemical  composition  of  the  various  soils  of  Ken- 
tucky come  to  be  thoroughly  investigated,  the  intimate  relation  between  the  soil 
and  subjacent  rocks  will  be  still  better  comprehended  than  at  present,  and  the 
importance  of  the  analytical  observations  on  the  rocks  and  soils  appreciated. 

Already  this  work  has  been  commenced,  and  will  be  carried  into  that  minutia 
and  conducted  upon  such  a  plan  as  can  hardly  fail  to  result  in  most  important 
practical  agricultural  information.  A  few  of  the  results  already  obtained  may 
be  here  appropriately  cited. 

The  two  soils,  No.  1  and  128,  of  the  collection,  derived  from  the  superior 
member  of  the  quarternary  deposits,  containing,  according  to  Dr.  Peter's  analy- 
sis, from  forty-seven  to  seventy  nine  per  cent,  of  silicious  earth  in  a  fine  state  of 
division,  which  indicates  that  they  will  retain  moisture,  alkalies  and  oaganic  ma- 
nures much  more  effectually  than  soils  with  an  equal  amount  of  ordinary  palpa- 
ble sand;  while,  at  the  same  time,  they  are  soils  that  require  the  least  possible 
labor  and  power  to  cultivate,  by  reason  of  their  mellow  texture.  No.  126,  hav- 
ing essentially  the  same  geological  origin,  is  remarkable  for  the  large  amount  of 
soluble  ingredients  in  the  State  fit  to  enter  into  the  circulation,  and  ready  pre- 
pared for  the  immediate  nourishment  of  the  plant. 

The  coal  measure  soils,  Nos.  10,  138  and  155,  contain  from  86.5  to  90  per 
cent,  of  silica  and  insoluble  silicates;  they  are  rich  in  alkalies,  containing  0.373 
of  potash  and  soda  combined,  which  is  over  one-tenth  more  than  was  found  in 
the  rich  Fayette  soil  No.  127;  but  it  has  much  less  carbonate  and  phosphate  of 
lime  than  the  Fayette  soil,  and  less  than  half  the  quantity  of  organic  matter,  and 
therefore  not  so  well  adapted  for  wheat,  rye,  buckwheat,  hemp,  flax,  mustard, 
hay,  turnips,  esparsette,  red  clover,  and  vines.  The  ashes  from  these  plants 
containing,  not  only  considerable  portions  of  phosphoric  acid,  but  also  large 
quantities  of  lime.  On  the  other  hand,  the  soils  of  the  coal  measures  which 
have  a  sufficient  quantity  of  lime  in  their  composition,  and  containing  as  much 
potash  as  the  above  analysis  show,  will  yield  a  better  quality  of  tobacco  than  the 
blue  grass  soils  of  similar  composition  to  number  127. 

The  barren  limestone  soil,  generally,  is  remarkable  for  the  large  proportion  of 
peroxide  of  iron  which  enters  into  its  composition — three  to  five  per  cent. — which 
imparts  a  deep  reddish  brown  color  to  the  soil,  but  more  particularly  to  the  subsoil 
of  this  geological  formation.  This,  together  with  the  considerable  quantity  of 
alumina,  frequently  present  in  these  soils,  give  them  a  great  power  of  absorbing 
ammonia  from  the  atmosphere,  and  imparting  the  nitrogenous  principle  to  the 
roots  of  plants.  This  is  one  of  the  causes  which  renders  these  soils  far  more  fer- 
tile than  was  at  first  supposed  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  country,  and  which 


106  REPORT  OF  THE 

rapidly  raised  the  value  of  these  lands  in  the  estimation  of  the  farming  commu- 
nity from  $5  to  $40  per  acre  in  the  course  of  a  very  few  years,  even  where  these 
lands  lie  distant  from  lines  of  internal  improvement. 

The  knob  sandstone  imparts  character  to  the  soil  only  over  limitated  spaces, 
parly  because  the  summits  of  the  knobs  are  sometimes  capped  with  the  sub  car- 
boniferous limestone  of  the  preceding  group,  and  partly  on  account  of  the  exten- 
sive denudation  slips  and  slides  which  have  taken  place  where  these  rocks  exist 
on  acconnt  of  the  softness  of  the  rock  itself  and  the  ease  with  which  the  underly- 
ing argillaceous  beds  are  acted  on  by  frosts  and  floods. 

It  is  a  soil  very  liable  to  wash,  and  being  mostly  on  hillsides,  it  is,  for  the  most 
part,  thin  and  shallow,  and  the  surface  gullied  and  broken.  Over  the  limited 
areas  where  it  may  be  recognized,  it  is  a  fine  silico-argillaceous  or  loamy  soil, 
resting  always  on  a  clay  subsoil. 

The  soil  derived  exclusively  from  the  black  bituminous  shale,  at  the  base  of 
the  knobs,  is  decidedly  of  a  stiff,  wet,  cold,  tenaceous  nature,  so  retentive  and 
stubborn  that  it  is  at  present  seldom  brought  into  cultivation,  and  if  cleared 
and  enclosed,  usually  left  for  pasture;  but,  lying  at  the  base  of  ranges 
of  knobs,  it  is  fortunately  more  frequently  commingled  with  silicious  earth  wash- 
ed down  from  the  superior  knob  sandstone  and  sometimes  with  marly  earths  de- 
rived from  the  decomposition,  either  of  the  sub-carboniferous  limestone,  when  it 
caps  the  knobs,  or  from  the  encrinital  limestones  interstratified  in  the  knob  for- 
mation, and  then  forms  a  very  durable,  though  still  refractory  soil;  capable,  how- 
ever, of  rewarding  the  industrious  farmer  who  will  spend  the  labor  necessary  to 
drain  it  of  superfluous  moisture,  and  take  the  pains  to  mellow  its  texture  by  fre- 
quent deep  plowing  with  alternate  harrowing  and  rolling,  and  the  application  of 
a  top  dressing  of  burned  clay  and  lime.  Of  the  former,  abundance  is  always  at 
hand,  and  limestone  can  generally  be  found  not  far  off.  When  thus  subdued, 
the  soil  will  produce  very  fine  crops  of  wheat.  Excellent  grazing  farms  may  be 
located  on  such  soil. 

It  is  also  worthy  of  particular  notice  here  that  both  the  calcareous  materials 
required  to  reclaim  these  stubborn  clay  soils  are  usually  within  a  convenient  dis- 
tance in  adjacent  hillsides,  hollows,  and  ravines. 

No  analyses  have  yet  been  made  of  the  magnesio-calcareous  soils  to  enable 
me  to  draw  any  important  inferences  or  comparisons;  one  fact,  however,  which 
has  been  noticed  in  regard  to  them  in  the  north-east  part  of  Bullitt,  is  this:  that 
if  the  soil  be  too  severely  taxed  with  exhausting  crops  without  taking  timely 
means  of  sustaining  the  powers  of  the  land,  it  will  at  last  no  longer  produce,  clo- 
ver which  prevents  the  farmer  from  resorting  to  green  crops  of  this  description, 
either  for  hay,  pasture,  or  renovation  of  the  land  with  any  prospect  of  success. 

Up  to  the  present  time,  but  few  analyses  have  been  made  of  the  different  va- 
rieties of  blue  limestone  soils.  Those  which  have  been  made  show  that  they  are 
rich  in  most  of  the  ingredients  necessary  to  fertility,  especially  in  phosphates  and 
carbonates  of  lime,  and  by  a  careful  and  judicious  management,  and  a  proper 
rotation  of  crops,  such  lands  may  be  kept  for  centuries  in  cultivation  without  ex- 
hausting them  of  the  elements  of  fertility. 

In  that  portion  of  Nelson  county  watered  by  some  of  the  branches  of  the  Chap- 
lin Fork  of  Salt  River,  as  well  as  a  long  narrow  strip  of  beech  land,  extending 
through  the  eastern  part  of  Fayette  and  Jessamine  counties,  a  silicious  mudstone, 
intercalated  in  the  blue  limestone  formation,  reaches  the  surface  and  imparts  a 
peculiar  character  to  the  soil,  which  deserves  the  particular  attention  of  the 
farmer,  the  geologist,  and  chemist,  since  it  appears  to  require  a  very  different 
management  and  system  of  cultivation  from  the  ordinary  blue  limestone  soil. 
Samples  of  this  soil  have  been  collected  for  analysis.  We  refrain,  at  present, 
from  inferences  in  regard  to  it  until  further  light  has  been  thrown  on  its  consti- 
tution by  the  chemical  analysis. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  107 

I  shall  now  call  attention  to  certain  general  well  established  facts  that  demon- 
strate, forcibly  the  advantages  of  a  minute  knowledge  of  the  chemical  composi- 
tion of  the  soil  in  connection  with  correct  information  in  regard  to  the  fixed  inor- 
ganic constituents  detected  in  the  ashes  of  certain  plants,  and  which  are  evidently- 
derived  from  the  soil  on  which  they  grew,  the  amount  of  which  can  be  estimated 
by  quantitative  analysis. 

In  France  the  tobacco  trade  has  long  been  a  most  lucrative  Government  mo- 
nopoly. The  Department  in  charge  of  the  business  caused  a  number  of  accurate 
chemical  analyses  to  be  made  by  experienced  chemists  of  the  ashes  of  different 
kinds  of  tobacco.  These  chemical  analyses  finally  demonstrated  that  the  value 
of  tobacco  stands  in  a  certain  relation  to  the  quantity  of  potash  contained  in  the 
ashes,  and  they  furnished  a  means  of  distinguishing  the  different  kinds  of  soil 
on  which  the  tobacco,  under  examination,  had  been  cultivated.  It  was,  moreo- 
ver, shown  that  just  in  proportion  as  certain  kinds  of  celebrated  American  to- 
bacco deteriorated  in  quality,  the  quantity  of  ashes  diminished,.. and  this  deterio- 
ration was  no  doubt  due  to  the  soil  on  which  it  grew,  becoming  gradually  ex- 
hausted of  the  potash  and  lime,  which,  with  silica,  are  the  principal  constituents 
of  the  ashes  from  this  plant. 

The  chemical  analyses  of  soils  has,  moreover,  proved  that  it  is  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  ascertain,  not  only  the  proportion  of  the  oxide  of  iron  present,  but 
the  condition  of  that  oxide;  i.  e.,  whether  it  is  in  the  low  state  of  oxidation,  pro- 
toxide or  high  state,  peroxide;  since  it  appears  that  the  condition  of  protoxide 
of  iron,  on  account  of  its  strong  affinity  for  oxygen,  exerts  a  powerful  deoxidizing 
influence,  i.  e.,  abstract  oxygen  from  the  air  in  the  pores  of  the  soil,  which  ele- 
ment is  essential  to  the  healthy,  vigorous  vegetation  of  plants.  This  condition 
of  oxide  of  iron  is  more  frequently  met  with  in  the  subsoil  than  in  the  surface 
soil,  and  subsoils  containing  a  notable  quantity  of  this  oxide  always  exert  a  bane- 
ful influence  upon  plants  like  clover  and  other  grasses  whose  roots  penetrate 
deep;  and  such  subsoils,  if  turned  up  by  deep  pluwing,  and  intimately  mixed 
with  the  surface  soil,  is  found  to  be  injurious  for  many  years  until  the  protoxide  is 
saturated  with  oxygen,  or,  in  other  words,  passes  into  the  state  of  peroxide. 

I  will  here  cite  a  few  instances  of  soils  and  subsoils  whose  temporary  barren- 
ness has  been  traced  to  the  deoxidizing  influence  of  protoxide  of  iron. 

On  a  loamy  soil,  in  the  vicinity  of  Brunswick,  sainfoin  never  could  be  culti- 
vated on  it  more  than  two  or  three  seasons  in  succession.  On  making  an  analy- 
sis of  the  deep  seated  subsoil,  it  was  ascertained  that  it  contained  a  little  over  one 
per  cent,  of  protoxide  of  iron,  and  that  as  soon  as  the  roots  of  this  liguminous 
plant  reached  within  the  deoxidizing  influence  of  the  protoxide  of  iron,  it  sickened 
and  died. 

The  soil  of  a  barren  heath  in  the  vicinity  of  Walsrode,  in  Luneberg,  was  found 
to  contain  near  four-tenths  of  one  per  cent,  of  protoxide  of  iron,  to  which,  together 
with  the  deficiency  of  the  phosphoric  acid,  was  attributed  the  cause  of  its  ste- 
rility. 

Some  of  the  ingredients  essential  to  the  fertility  of  a  soil  amount  only  to  a  frac- 
tion of  a  per  cent.,  and  hence  it  requires  the  most  minute  and  careful  analysis  to 
detect  them.  For  this  reason  some  of  the  early  investigators,  and  analysis  of 
soils,  though  amongst  the  most  experienced  chemists  of  the  age — Davy  and  Ber- 
zilius — failed  to  detect  the  minute  portions  of  potash,  soda,  chlorine  and  sul- 
phuric acid,  which  are  now  found  never  to  be  absent  in  fertile  soils.  Since  the 
introduction  of  new  and  approved  methods  into  chemical  analysis,  these  sub- 
stances can  not  only  be  detected,  but  their  quantity  estimated  in  five  hundred 
grains  of  a  soil,  and  it  has  been  ascertained  that  some  sterile  lands,  containing 
only  a  few  hundredths  of  a  per  cent,  of  potash  and  soda,  may  be  made  to  grow 
a  crop  or  two  of  buckwheat,  after  being  several  times  burnt;  but  very  soon  be- 
come exhausted  of  these  alkalies,  and  then  are  absolutely  barren. 


108  KEPORT  OF  THE 

• 

Wheat  cannot  be  made  to  mature  on  a  soil  that  cannot  be  made  to  eliminate 
both  silicate  of  potash  and  phosphate  of  lime,  for  these  are  essential  ingredients 
in  the  full  developed  plant.  It  is  not  immaterial  in  what  combination  the  phos- 
phoric acid  is,  since  it  is  probable  that  when  united  with  oxide  of  ir.m  as  phos- 
phate of  iron  it  is  the  cause  of  rust;  at  least  it  has  been  observed  that  a  fine  grain- 
ed loamy  soil  of  Brunswick  never  produces  a  crop  of  "corn"'*  without  the  stem, 
and  even  the  grain  being  attacked  with  yellow  rust,  and  the  corn  much  shrunk. 
This  soil  was  found  by  analysis  to  contain  over  half  a  per  cent,  of  phosphate  of 
iron,  and  it  was  supposed  that  this  ingredient  might  be  the  cause,  because  it  was 
proved  that  the  disease  was  unconnected  with  excess  of  moisture  or  any  atmos- 
pheric or  meteoric  agency,  inasmuch  as,  when  the  soil  was  removed  to  other  situ- 
ations and  spread  fifteen  inches  deep,  in  the  midst  of  a  field  possessing  a  different 
soil,  barley  that  was  grown  on  the  transported  soil  was  still  attacked  with  rust, 
while  that  grown  on  the  adjacent  soil  of  the  field  was  not  at  all  affected.  It 
should  be  observed,  however,  that  this  rust-producing  soil  contained  also  a  nota- 
ble quantity  of  protoxide  of  iron,  which,  as  has  been  shown,  exerts  deleterious 
influences,  but  probably  not  that  of  producing  rust,  because  this  soil,  after  being 
burnt  (which  would  peroxidate  the  iron  of  the  burnt  portion  at  least,)  still  con- 
tinued to  effect  both  oats  and  barley  with  rust,  even  on  those  parts  of  the  field 
which  had  been  manured  with  marl,  lime,  and  peat  ashes. 

This  much,  however,  is  certain,  that  phosphoric  acid,  combined  lime,  i.  e., 
phosphate  of  lime  or  bone  earth,  is  not  only  highly  beneficial  but  absolutely  essen- 
tial in  a  soil,  for  it  is  found  in  the  ashes  of  all  plants,  and  is  especially  abundant 
in  corn,  in  all  small  nutritive  grains,  beans,  peas,  (fee,  and  it  is  from  these  that 
animals  derive  all  their  bone  earth,  without  which  their  osseous  skeleton  would 
have  no  strength  or  stability.  It  is  the  removal  of  this  substance,  together  with 
the  alkalies,  sulphuric  acid  and  chlorine  from  the  soil,  after  a  continued  succes- 
sion of  crops  of  corn,  that  chiefly  causes  the  exhaustion  of  the  land. 

Another  very  important  inorganic  element  in  a  soil  is  sulphur,  which  usually 
exists  in  a  soil  in  the  state  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  most  frequently  combined  with 
lime,  as  gypsum,  but  sometimes  alkalies.  United  with  ammonia,  it  forms  the 
best  combination  for  assimulation  with  plants,  for  when  the  elements  of  water 
are  removed  from  this  salt,  both  the  sulphur  and  nitrogen  liberated  enter  largely 
into  the  composition  of  plants,  the  former  being  especially  characteristic  of  the 
vegetable  casein  of  peas,  beans,  and  other  liguminous  plants.  When  common 
salt  is  eliminated  by  the  decomposition  of  the  ingredients  of  a  soil,  or  is  added  as 
a  saline  manure  to  soil  containing  sulphate  of  lime,  a  mutual  decomposition  en- 
sues, giving  rise  to  the  formation  of  sulphate  of  soda  and  chloride  of  calcium — 
an  analogous  decomposition  takes  place  by  contact  of  sulphate  of  lime,  and  the 
carbonate  of  ammonia,  dissolved  by  rain  out  of  the  atmosphere,  giving  rise,  in 
the  soil,  to  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  carbonate  of  lime. 

As  a  general  rule,  redness  in  a  soil  may  be  regarded  as  a  favorable  indica- 
tion, since  it  is  due  to  the  presence  of  peroxide  of  iron,  which  has  great  powers 
of  combining  with  ammonia  and  probably  absorbing  it  from  the  atmosphere  and 
bring  it  within  the  reach  of  plants, f  which  on  account  of  the  nitrogen  which  itcon- 

*Corn  stands  here  for  small  grain  collectively — a  common  application  of  the  term  in 
Europe. 

+  Some  writers  on  agricultural  chemistry  seem  to  think  that  the  ammonia  detectable  in  both 
the  peroxide  of  iron  and  alumina  of  soils  may  not  necessarily  have  been  derived  from  the 
atmosphere,  but  may  have  been  eliminated  from  nitrogenous  organic  matters  in  the  soil;  but 
since  ammonia  can  be  detected  in  large  quantities  in  ferruginous  subsoil,  containing  little  or 
no  organic  matter,  and  also  in  clays  destitute  of  organic  principles,  these  are  not  likely  to  be 
its  source;  besides,  the  presence  of  ammonia  in  the  atmosphere  is  now  universally  admitted, 
from  which  it  must  be  continually  washed  out  and  conveyed  to  the  soil  by  every  shower  of 
rain,  and  will,  undoubtedly,  be  imbibed  principally  by  those  constituents  for  which  it  has  a 
tpecial  affinity. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  109 

tains  (one  equivalent,)  is  of  great  importance  to  plants.  The  red  lands  of 
Cheshire  and  Somersetshire  produced  from  the  decay  of  the  trias  system,  as 
well  as  the  red  lands  of  Devonshire  and  Herefordshire,  derived  from  the  De- 
vonian or  old  red  system,  are  amongst  the  most  productive  lands  in  Great  Britain. 
It  is  true,  that  where  the  members  of  this  formation  are  over  limited  tracts,  ex- 
clusively sandstone,  as  in  parts  of  Pembrokeshire,  the  derivative  soil  is  not  fer- 
tile; but  this  is  because  it  is  almost  entirely  composed  of  sand,  and  hence,  being 
too  porous,  it  allows  every  thing  soluble  to  filter  through  it,  or,  in  the  language 
of  the  farmer,  "eats  all  the  manure  and  drinks  all  the  water."  But  the  most 
loamy  of  the  red  lands  of  Hereford  afford  the  finest  crops  of  wheat  and  hops, 
and  bear  the  most  prolific  apple  trees  and  pear  trees,  and  the  sturdiest  oaks  in 
all  England;  and  the  red  clay  and  red  loamy  soils  of  Cheshire,  Somerset,  Staf- 
fordshire, and  Leicester  are  capable  of  producing  the  most  abundant  harvests  of 
almost  any  crop  that  may  be  put  on  them.  The  fertility  of  these  soils  is  proba- 
bly in  part  due  to  the  property  already  mentioned,  of  imbibing  and  distributing 
ammonia  to  vegetation. 

Alumina  and  gypsum  have  an  equal  if  not  greater  power  of  absorbing  am- 
monia after  rains.  Small  quantities  of  pipe  clay  moistened  with  caustic  potash, 
has  been  observed  to  give  off  ammonia  for  two  days  or  more.  But  alumina  acts 
beneficially  in  soils  in  other  ways;  first  in  absorbing  and  retaining  moisture,  and 
hence,  when  in  proper  proportion  in  a  soil,  renders  it  retentive  and  counteracts 
the  very  detrimental,  porous  property  of  loose  sand  which  permits  water  to 
drain  or  filter  away,  and  carry  along  with  it  not  only  the  organic  manures,  but 
also  the  soluble  inorganic  constituents:  secondly  by  its  disintegration,  which  is 
slow;  it  likewise  liberates  alkalies  and  supplies  them  by  degrees  through  a  long 
series  of  years,  and  this  property  seems  to  be  promoted  by  burning  the  clay, 
which  also  has  the  effect  of  rendering  it  more  porous  and  permeable,  and  there- 
fore improves  the  physical  texture  of  the  soil.  Yet  the  proportion  of  free  alum- 
ina in  fertile  soils  is  not  great,  only  from  three  to  eight  per  cent,  in  SprengeFs 
analysis.  And  there  is  a  fertile  soil  analyzed  by  the  same  chemist,  from  Wal- 
denreid,  in  which  he  reports  only  0.65  of  alumina;  but  I  am  induced  to  believe 
that  the  88.456  per  cent,  given  of  silica  and  coarse  silicious  sand,  if  decomposed 
by  fusion  with  carbonated  alkali,  would  have  yielded  an  additional  quantity  of 
alumina  and  alkali,  united  with  the  silica;  if  not,  this  soil  would  form  a  remarka- 
ble exception  to  this  rule.* 

The  chemical  analysis  of  soils  seem  to  prov3,  moreover,  that  these  inorganic 
constituents  are  even  more  essential  to  fertility  than  humus  or  organic  matter. 
It  is  true  that  organic  matters  improve  the  texture  of  the  soil  and  its  hygro- 
scopic properties,  and  aid  in  furnishing  carbon  and  nitrogen,  but  it  is  now  almost 
universally  admitted  that  carbon  is  supplied  mainly  from  the  atmosphere,  and  a 
considerable  proportion  of  the  nitrogen  from  the  ammonia  transferred  from  the 
atmosphere  to  the  soil.  This  consideration,  together  with  the  inference  deduced 
from  the  analysis  of  some  fertile  soils,  shown  to  contain  only  one  or  two  per  cent. 
(or  even  a  fraction  of  a  per  cent.)  of  soluble  and  insoluble  humus  and  nitroge- 
nous matters  all  combined,  lead  to  the  belief  that  original  organic  elements  in 
the  soil  cannot  be  so  indispensable  as  was  formerly  supposel. 

Ammonia,  potash,  soda,  lime.f  carbonic  acid,  phosphoric  acid  and  sulphuric 
are  therefore  the  basis,  and  acids  most  essential  and  soonest  exhausted;  hence  it 
is  an  important  consideration.  How  can  they  be  most  easily  and  cheaply  restor- 
ed to  the  soil? 

If  the  elements  which  the  soil  has  lost  exist  in  the  subsoil,  then  this  is  always 
the  most  accessible  source  whence  they  may  be    obtained,  either  directly  by  sub- 

*  I  suppose  that  what  is  given  in  Sprengel's  analysis  as  silica  and  siiicious  sand  must  be 
more  properly  insoluble  silicates. 

t  Silica,  alumina,  oxide  of  iron,  and  manganese  are  hardly  ever  absent,  because  not  easily 
washed  out  or  removed  from  a  soil. 


110  REPORT  OF  THE 

soiling  or  indirectly  through  the  medium  of  green  crops  like  clover,  white  lupins, 
rape,  &c,  which  extract  these  elements  from  the  subsoil,  and  will  ttansfer  them 
to  the  soil,  if  they  be  turned  in  three  or  four  inches  deep  before  the  plant  is  in 
full  blossom,  or  when  the  seed  is  in  the  milk,  would  probably  be  better.  The 
turning  in  of  green  crops  not  only  transfers  important  elements  from  the  subsoil 
to  the  soil,  but  it  adds  other  elements  which  are  derived,  either  directly  or  indi- 
rectly, from  the  atmosphere,  carbon,  nitrogen,  and  some  oxygen;  enriching, 
therefore,  the  soil  with  the  organic  elements  at  the  same  time  that  it  supplies  in- 
organic compounds;  hence  the  more  of  the  green  crop  that  can  be  spared  for  ma- 
nuring the  soil  the  better.  In  this  country,  at  the  present  time,  the  turning  in 
of  green  crops  affords,  as  a  general  rule,  the  most  feasible  means  of  resuscitating 
land,  and  it  cannot  be  too  forcibly  or  too  frequently  impressed  on  the  recollection 
of  the  farmers  of  Kentucky  that,  if  a  proper  system  of  green  manuring  was  al- 
ways resorted  to  in  time,  and  judiciously  alternated  with  other  crops,  many  of 
the  million  of  acres  already  in  this  new  country  turned  out  to  waste,  might  still 
be  liberally  rewarding  the  owner  (or  his  labor  in  cultivating  it.  I  say  turned 
out  to  waste,  because  it  too  often  happens  that  a  great  number  of  old,  abandoned 
fields,  situated  on  rolling  ground,  are  furrowed  and  gullied  by  every  rain,  and  in 
a  short  time  becomes  so  badly  washed  as  to  be  passed  reclaim. 

Green  manuring  has  also  another  advantage,  that  a  lar^e  portion  of  the  ele- 
ments  required  for  the  restoration  of  the  soil  are  fixed  on  the  spot  which  are  lost 
even  by  the  most  careful  system  of  saving  barnyard  manure — part  of  the  ele- 
ments escaping  from  the  dung  heap  into  the  atmosphere,  while  others  are  wash- 
ed away  by  rains.  Besides,  the  manure  furnished  by  the  green  crop  is  much 
more  easily  assimilated,  since  it  rots  or  decays  more  rapidly  than  herbage  which 
has  undergone  desection. 

Next  in  importance  to  green  crops,  for  the  restoration  of  exhausted  elements, 
is  the  adoption  of  a  farm  yard  arrangement  by  which  all  the  liquid  manures  can 
be  saved,  and  the  drains  from  dung  heaps  recovered  and  spread  upon  the  land, 
as  these  liquid  manures  are  exceedingly  rich  in  fertilizing  elements,  the  solid 
parts  being,  in  fact,  even  more  so  than  guano  itself,  worth  $40  to  $5D  per 
ton. 

Then  there  are  certain  native  earths  and  marls,  sulphates,  carbonates,  phos- 
phates, peaty  matters  and  muck,  which,  if  they  be  sufficiently  accessible,  maybe 
applied  with  extraordinary  benefit  in  restoring  the  abstracted  elements.  To  point 
out  these  is  especially  the  province  of  the  geological  survey  of  the  State. 

In  some  portions  of  the  State,  particularly  through  a  portion  of  the  barren 
limestone  district,  farmers  are  frequently  greatly  annoyed  by  the  fields  which 
have  been  set  in  grass  becoming  overrun  with  a  shrubbery  of  young  trees  spring- 
ing up  spontaneously,  usually  sassafras,  persimmon,  oak,  shumack,  and  white 
poplar.  This  difficulty  may  generally  be  overcome  by  sowing  the  gr^ss  seed  suf- 
ficiently thick,  and  permitting  sheep  to  pasture  on  the  fields,  with  other  stock; 
deadening  the  young  trees  a  sufficient  distance  (say  three  "or  four  feet)  above 
the  ground  in  July,  when  the  sap  is  up,  will,  probably,  be  also  found  an  efficient 
means  of  destroying  them. 

In  the  course  of  my  investigations  into  the  characters  of  the  soil  of  Kentucky, 
in  connection  with  its  geology,  I  have  so  far  found  but  one  district  where  benefits 
from  deep  plowing  have  not  been  experienced.  As  yet  very  little  real  subsoil 
plowing  lias  been  attempted,  but  wherever  deep  plowing  proves  advantageous, 
the  probability  is,  that  subsoiling  will  also  be  found  remunerative.  Where  a  soil 
is  too  wet  and  based  on  a  clay  subsoil,  it  often  happens  that  little  permanent  ben- 
efit is  derived  from  subsoiling,  unless  it  be  preceded  by  ditching  to  drain  off  the 
superfluous  moisture,  because,  in  such  cases,  one  season  often  suffices  to  wash 
back  the  clay  into  its  original  position,  where  it  soon  becomes  as  hard  as  ever. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  Ill 

Where  a  soil  is  already  too  porous,  and  is  based  on  sand  or  gravel,  or  lies  close 
to  the  rock,  subsoiling  may  prove  of  no  advantage,  or  even  detrimental  by  per- 
mitting the  water  to  filter  still  more  rapidly  through  the  soil,  either  into  the  po- 
rous substance  or  into  the  cracks  and  fissures  of  the  rock.  The  presence  of  pro- 
toxide of  iron  in  the  subsoil  may  also  offer  an  objection  to  subsoiling,  or  rather, 
subsoiling  in  such  a  case  may  prove  injurious  for  a  time.  There  are,  however, 
very  few  cases  that  present  themselves  in  practice  where  deep  plowing  and  sub- 
soiling  are  not  ultimately  productive  of  good  effects. 

In  conclusion,  I  would  remark  that  the  soils  which  have  been  collected  in 
Kentucky  during  this  season  for  chemical  analysis,  have  been  selected  wherever 
it  was  practicable,  with  two  important  objects  in  view: 

1.  To  ascertain  what  are  the  original  constituents  of  the  virgin  soil,  and  what 
it  may  have  lost  by  continued  cultivation. 

2.  With  reference  to  the  subjacent  geological  formation,  in  order  to  ascertain 
the  chemical  peculiarities  of  the  soils  derived  from  different  formations. 

Hence,  whenever  it  was  practicable,  the  nearest  underlying  rock  formation 
has  always  been  noted  at  the  time  the  soil  was  collected;  and  for  the  most  part 
when  samples  have  been  taken  from  the  unbroken  forest  land,  another  sample  has, 
at  the  same  time,  been  collected  from  an  adjacent  old  field,  which  formerly  sup- 
ported the  same  kind  of  timber.  A  specimen  has  also  usually  been  taken  of  the 
subsoil  from  the  same  old  field.  By  this  method  we  hope  to  be  able  to  ascer- 
tain exactly  what  the  soil  has  lost  by  cultivation,  and  likewise  show  whether  the 
ingredients  which  have  been  removed  with  the  successive  crops  can  be  found  in 
the  subsoil.  If  so,  then  the  inference  is  that  subsoiling,  or  any  other  method, 
will  be  calculated  to  renovate  the  land  that  will  transfer  these  ingredients  from 
the  subsoil  into  the  soil. 

The  various  samples  of  Kentucky  soils  which  have  been  put  un  for  exhibition 
at  Ihe  meeting  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society,  will  show  what  progress  has 
been  made  in  the  prosecution  of  this  highly  important  and  useful  department  of 
the  geological  survey  of  the  State. 


ON  THE  CULTURE  OF  FRUIT  AND  FRUIT  TREES  IN  KENTUCKY. 

Before  treating  on  the  separate  varieties  of  fruit  trees,  it  will  be  well  to  say 
something  about  the  soil,  situation,  and  management  of  the  nursery,  as  applicable 
to  any  and  all  varieties. 

The  soil  for  a  nursery  should  be  rich  and  deep,  and  if  new  ground,  so  much 
the  better,  though  the  stumps  may  be  much  in  the  way  for  several  years.  If  on 
old  ground,  it  should  be  well  dressed  with  lime,  or  still  better,  if  obtainable,  ashes. 
No  stable  manure  should  be  used.  The  soil  should  be  broken  up  as  deep  as  pos- 
sible and  subsoiled  in  the  fall,  that  the  freezing  and  thawing  of  winter  may  pul- 
verize it.  Early  in  the  spring,  cross  plow  it;  then,  if  run  together  much,  plow 
and  harrow  and  drag  each  portion  at  the  time  of  planting. 

The  first  care  must  be  to  obtain  good  stocks,  and  these  are  in  most  cases  grown 
from  the  seed.  It  is  indispensable  to  have  in  connection  with  a  commercial  nurse- 
ry a  specimen  orchard,  to  contain  at  least  one  tree  of  each  kind  intended  to  be 
propagated;  and  there  should  be  room  enough  to  add  from  time  to  time  the  new 
kinds  that  on  trial  prove  to  be  worthy  of  a  place  there. 

Apple  grafting  is  generally  done  in  the  winter.  The  stocks  should  be  taken 
up  in  the  fall,  and  packed  in  leaf  mould  or  sand,  in  a  cellar  or  some  other  cool, 
moist  place.     The  scions  may  be  cut  at  any  time  after  the  fall  of  the  leaf. 


REPORT  OF  THE 

Apple  stocks  are  best  at  one  year  old,  if  large  enough,  though  they  are  gen- 
erally grown  two  years  before  they  make  good  stocks;  they  should  be  from  one- 
quarter  to  one-half  inch  in  diameter  at  the  collar. 

When  ready  to  commence  grafting,  wash  enough  stocks  for  a  day's  work,  cut- 
ting off  the  tops  of  the  stocks  about  one  inch  above  the  collar,  then  trim  off  the 
fibrous  roots  to  within  one-eighth  of  an  inch  of  the  main  roots,  and  cut  them  into 
pieces  from  one  to  six  inches  long,  cutting  the  largest  roots  shortest  to  secure  a 
uniform  growth.  Now  cut  your  scions  into  pieces  of  from  three  to  five  buds  each, 
cutting  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  before  you  begin  to  graft.  These  are  now  to 
be  cut  with  a  slant  of  from  one  to  one  and  a  half  inch  at  the  but  end,  at  one 
clean,  smooth  cut,  so  as  to  leave  a  plain  surface  to  unite  to  the  stock.  A  tongue 
is  to  be  cut  about  two-thirds  of  an  inch  from  the  top  of  the  cut  surface,  running 
about  the  same  angle  and  about  half  an  inch  deep.  Having  prepared  all  the  scions 
in  this  way,  take  one  of  the  pieces  of  root,  and,  holding  it  firmly  in  the  left  hand, 
cut  at  one  stroke  a  shaving  about  one  inch  and  a  half  long  from  one  side  of  its 
upper  end,  cutting  about  one-third  of  its  diameter.  At  about  one-third  of  the 
distance  from  the  top,  cut  a  tongue  to  correspond  with  that  of  the  scion,  and  put 
them  together,  taking  care  that  the  bark  of  the  stock  and  scion  come  together,  on 
one  side  at  least.  A  boy  now  takes  the  graft  and  wraps  it  with  waxed  cloth,  to 
cover  all  the  cut  parts  and  bind  it  firmly  together.  This  waxed  cloth  is  made  by 
wrapping  strips  of  old  calico,  about  three-quarters  of  an  inch  wide,  into  balls, 
being  careful  to  put  the  end  of  each  piece  under  that  of  the  preceding  one,  so  as 
to  raise  it  when  unwrapped,  otherwise  the  end  will  be  hard  to  find.  These  balls 
are  to  be  satuated  with  grafting  wax.  This  is  made  by  melting  together  in  an 
iron  pot  one  lb.  beeswax,  one  lb.  rosin,  and  two  lbs.  lard  or  tallow.  When  tho- 
roughly melted,  throw  in  the  balls  and  allow  them  to  remain  till  no  more  bubbles 
rise  from  them  when  pressed.  Now  take  them  out  and  press  out  the  excess  of 
wax  between  two  small  pieces  of  board,  and,  when  cold,  they  are  ready  for  use. 

Each  day's  work  of  grafting  should  be  packed  away  ,in  boxes  of  convenient 
size,  carefully  placing  them  in  regular  order  and  filling  up  the  space  between  them 
with  sifted  leaf  mould  or  sand,  so  that  they  may  not  touch  each  other.  If  more 
than  one  kind  is  put  into  a  box,  a  partition  must  be  put  in  between  them,  and  all 
carefully  labelled.  When  the  box  is  full,  put  it  in  a  cellar  till  planting  time,  look- 
ing at  them  occasionally,  and,  if  necessary,  watering  them.  If  the  cellar  is  cold 
and  damp,  they  will  not  require  watering. 

To  Grow  Stocko  — The  apple  seed  may  be  sowed  broadcast  or  in  drills,  in  the 
pommace,  just  as  it  comes  from  the  press.  This  should  be  done  as  soon  as  pressed, 
otherwise  the  pommace  will  ferment,  and  the  seed  will  not  grow.  If  the  seed  is 
not  sown  on  new  mellow  soil,  fall  sowing  is  best;  if  the  soil  is  liable  to  run  to- 
gether by  the  winter  rains,  it  is  better  to  defer  the  planting  till  spring.  In  that 
case,  the  seed  should  be  washed  out  from  the  pommace  and  mixed  with  moist 
sand  and  kept  till  spring,  planting  as  early  as  the  ground  can  be  got  in  good  or- 
der. Plums,  Peaches,  Apricots,  and  Cherries  should  be  planted  as  soon  as  taken 
from  the  fruit,  or  kept  till  spring  in  moist  sand,  exposed  to  the  freezing  and  thaw- 
ing of  winter.  They  should  be  planted  in  drills  about  four  feet  apart  and  ten  or 
twelve  inches  in  the  drill.     They  will  be  ready  to  bud  the  same  season. 

Anger's  Quince  Stocks,  for  dwarfing  Pears,  (no  other  kind  will  answer)  are 
now  generally  imported  from  France.  They  are  easily  grown  from  cuttings  or  by 
the  process  of  layering.  Each  nursery  should  have  a  number  of  "'stools,"  or 
plants  set  about  six  feet  apart,  for  making  layers.  These  should  be  bent  down 
and  covered  with  earth  as  early  in  July  as  the  state  of  the  growth  will  admit. 
The  quince  does  not  require  tonguing;  they  root  freely  when  simply  bent  and 
covered  with  earth.  They  will  be  well  rooted  by  fall.  Mahaleb  Cherry,  Dou- 
caine  and  Paradise  Apple  stocks,  and  possibly  Plums  and  Pears,  may  be  grown 
in  the  same  way.     These  will  be  required  to  be  tongued,  or  cut  partially  through 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  113 

at  the  lowest  portion  that  is  turned  down,  and  covered  with  earth,  otherwise  they 
are  slow  to  produce  roots.  The  plums  and  pears  are  rather  difficult  to  grow,  and 
in  most  cases  do  not  produce  roots  till  the  second  season,  hence  they  are  general- 
ly grown  from  seed.  The  Mazzard  Cherry  is  generally  used  as  stocks,  but  it  is 
not  as  well  adapted  to  this  climate.  The  cold  winter  of  185l-'2,  as  well  as  the 
last,  has  shown  that  the  finer  cherries  are  not  so  hardy  on  the  Mazzard  as  on  the 
Mahaleb,  which  has  the  property  of  retaining  its  leaves  till  late  in  the  season*  aad 
which  property  it  in  some  measure  imparts  to  the  graft,  thus  enabling  them,  more 
fully  to  mature  the  wood  and  buds  without  endangering  the  crop,  as  well  as-  the 
health  of  the  tree,  by  a  second  growth  in  autumn,  which  frequently  occurs  whe» 
the  leaves  fall  in  August.  If  the  fine  Biggarreau  and  Heart  Cherries  are  ever 
grown  successfully  in  Kentucky,  the  writer  is  satisfied  it  must  be  upon  the  Maha- 
leb stock. 

To  return  to  the  apple  grafts.  As  early  in  the  spring  as  possible,  to  avoid  se- 
vere lifting  frosts,  set  them  out  in  well  prepared  ground,  in  rows  three  and  a  half 
to  four  feet  apart  and  about  one  foot  in  the  row.  If  the  season  is  dry,  put  them 
sodeep  that  the  top  bud  shall  be  even  wich  the  surface  of  the  ground.  All  the 
further  attention  they  will  require  will  be  good  culture,  to  keep  the  soil  mellow, 
and  keep  down  the  weeds,  and  occasionally  an  examination  to  see  that  no  sprouts 
from  the  stocks  are  growing.     These  should  be  removed  as  soon  as  discovered. 

In  two  years  they  will  be  ready  to  remove  to  the  orchard.  This  may  be  done 
at  any  time  from  October  till  May,  if  the  ground  is  in  good  order.  The  best 
method  is  to  plow  the  ground  and  subsoil  very  deep  in  the  fall,  and  set  out  the 
trees  early  in  the  spring.  They  should  be  carefully  set  in  large  holes,  and  the 
soil  well  pulverized,  when  it  is  returned;  much  pains  s-hould  be  bestowed  upon  set- 
ting out  trees  properly;  success  depends  upon  it.  Most  men  understand  the  nii- 
nutia  of  planting  better  than  they  practice.  Carelessness  in  setting  out  trees  is 
wretched  economy.  It  is  better  to  set  out  no  more  trees  than  can  be  carefully 
treated  in  setting  and  after  culture.  The  soil  best  suited  to  most  kinds  of  apples 
is  a  good  stiff  clay  loam,  well  drained  naturally.  They  do  well  upon  heavy  oak 
land,  and  will  adapt  themselves  to  almost  any  soil,  but  in  a  light  sandy  soil  many 
kinds  fail  to  give  satisfaction.  Apple  trees  are  generally  set  from  thirty  to  forty 
feet  apart.  If  the  soil  is  good,  a  crop  of  potatoes,  sugar  beets,  or  some  other 
roots  may  be  grown  in  the  orchard  the  first  and  second  seasons.  Don't  plant  too 
near  the  trees;  and  cultivate  them  well  with  the  hoe  till  after  midsummer.  After 
the  second  year,  a  crop  of  corn  may  be  grown,  and  when  the  grain  is  glazed,  it 
may  be  fed  off  by  hogs,  and  immediately  plowed.  This  course  may  be  continued 
to  advantage  for  three  or  four  years,  or  even  longer.  After  that  time,  it  may  be 
well  to  set  the  orchard  in  grass  for  a  few  years,  but  a  better  practice  is  to  culti- 
vate the  trees  annually,  keeping  down  the  weeds  in  summer  by  frequent  har- 
rowing. If  set  in  grass,  sow  no  small  grain  with  the  grass  seed,  and  when  the  grass 
is  cut,  mulch  around  each  tree  with  a  portion  of  it  to  the  extent  of  four  or  five  feet. 
This  mulch  may  remain  three  or  four  years,  adding  to  it,  if  necessary,  to  keep 
down  weeds;  but  if  field  mice  harbor  in  it,  it  must  be  forked  in  the  fall  to  prevent 
them  from  gnawing  the  bark  of  the  trees.  Careful  culture  and  attention  to  the 
orchard  will  amply  repay  all  labor  bestowed. 

Young  apple  trees  should  be  examined  several  times  each  season  to  prevent  the 
growth  of  branches  where  they  are  not  wanted.  The  finger  and  thumb  is  the  best 
pruning  knife,  but  to  be  efficient,  they  must  be  applied  frequently.  Trees  proper- 
ly grown  need  never  have  large  branches  cut  off.  The  head  of  the  trees  should 
be  kept  spreading  and  open,  and  well  balanced. 

Peach  Trees,  when  the  seed  is  planted  as  before  directed,  may  be  budded  the 
following  August  or  September.  In  selecting  buds,  be  careful  not  to  use  fruit 
buds,  as  this  is  a  frequent  cause  of  failure.  These  are  more  prominent  and 
rounder  than  wood  buds.     A  little  observation  will  soon  enable  the  novice  to  dis- 


114  REPORT  OF  THE 

tinguish  them.  Peach  trees  should  be  set  out  when  the  bud  has  made  one  sea- 
son's growth.  They  should  stand  tweniy  feet  apart,  high  and  dry;  moderately 
rich  soil  is  best  suited  to  them;  they  should  be  well  cultivated  in  some  hoed  crop, 
and  be  kept  free  from  grass  or  weeds;  if  in  rinh  ground,  grass  is  nut  very  injurious 
to  them;  but  on  poor  soil,  it  very  much  affects  the  size  of  the  fruit.  Early  in  the 
spring  of  each  year,  they  should  receive  a  general  pruning  by  "shortening  in," 
or  cutting  off  three  quarters  to  a  hulf  of  the  last  season's  growth.  When  first 
set  out,  they  should  be  cut  back  severely,  and  no  large  forks  should  be  allowed  to 
grow,  as  they  are  apt  to  split  with  the  weight  of  the  tirst  crop,  and  ruin  or  greatly 
disfigure  the  tree.  All  the  branches  should  stand  well  out  from  the  body  of  the 
tree  to  prevent  this  accident.  The  annual  pruning  will  give  a  full  spreading  com- 
pact head.  Part  of  the  branches  of  the  top  must  be  removed  occasionally  to  pre- 
vent the  top  from  becoming  so  thick  as  to  exclude  the  sun.  To  grow  high  flavor- 
ed, high  colored  peaches,  the  sun  and  air  must  reach  them  freely. 

It  is  a  good  plan  in  a  locality  so  far  South  as  Kentucky,  to  cause  all  fruit  trees 
to  branch  near  the  ground,  as  the  body  and  large  branches  are  thus  protected 
from  the  direct  rays  of  the  sun,  and  the  tree  is  consequently  much  more  vigorous 
and  free  from  disease.  The  peach  tree  is  liable  to  be  injured  by  the  "borer," 
which  attacks  it  at  the  surface  of  the  ground,  or  sometimes  a  little  below  it.  At 
each  annual  pruning,  a  careful  search  should  be  made  for  these  grubs.  They  can 
be  easily  detected  by  the  gum  containing  their  exuviae,  which  is  seen  on  the  tree 
where  they  have  entered.  Remove  the  earth  a  little,  and  with  a  hook-billed 
pruning  knife  cut  through  the  bark  till  you  find  the  grub,  taking  care  not  go  girdle 
the  tree  in  the  operation.  Or  they  maj  be  killed  by  pouring  boiling  water  around 
the  collar  of  the  tree.  This  will  not  injure  the  tree,  but,  on  the  contrary,  has  been 
found  to  benefit  it.  Peaches  require  to  be  thinned  on  the  tree  when  they  are  set 
very  full;  ihey  should  not  be  closer  than  six  or  eight  inches  apart.  This  thinning 
should  be  done  by  hand.  It  may  be  necessary  to  go  over  them  three  or  four 
times  to  get  them  thin  enough.  Few  persons  have  the  nerve  to  thin  a  crop  of 
peaches  sufficiently  while  quite  small,  for  it  looks  so  much  like  taking  off  the  en- 
tire crop.  Good  fruit  always  command  a  full  price  and  ready  sale.  If  carefully 
handled  and  brought  to  market  in  handsome  condition,  it  pays  well  (or  all  extra 
labor  and  attention,  while  common  fruit,  carelessly  handled,  will,  in  a  season  of 
abundance,  scarcely  pay  for  hauling  to  market. 

Pears  are  budded  or  grafted  on  seedlings  for  orchard  culture,  and  on  Anger's 
Quince  stocks  for  dwarf  or  garden  culture.  They  may  be  budded  so  soon  as  the 
buds  are  mature,  or  grafted  early  in  the  spring  on  the  stocks  as  they  stand  in  the 
•nursery  rows.  They  do  not  succeed  well  if  taken  up  and  grafted  as  apples  usu- 
ally are.  They  should  stand  two  seasons  in  the  nurseiy  rows.  Standards  for 
the  orchard  should  be  set  twenty  feet  apart,  in  good,  deep,  dry  soil.  They  should 
branch  low,  and  must  be  well  cultivated  or  mulched. 

The  great  drawback  to  the  culture  of  the  pear  is  its  liability  to  a  disease  called 
the  blight,  of  which  there  are  several  varieties.  The  most  fatal  form  is  that  called 
by  some  the  frozen  sup  orfireblight.  This  disease  has  not  for  several  years  been 
so  prevalent  as  formerly.  By  watching  the  trees  and  cutiing  off  the  affected  part 
several  inches  below  the  appearance  of  the  disease,  trees  may  frequently  be  saved 
that  would  perish  if  neglected.  Some  kinds  are  more  liable  to  this  disease  than 
others.  Among  those  that  have  been  found  most  exempt  from  its  attacks  are 
those  excellent  kinds,  the  Seckle  and  Buffam.  Were  it  not  for  this  disease,  the 
pear  would  be  one  of  our  most  hardy  fruits.  Some  of  the  oldest  fruit  trees  in  the 
country  are  pear  trees.  Dwarf  pears  should  be  set  in  good  garden  soil,  six  to 
<ei«-ht  feet  apart,  and  receive  annually  a  good  dressing  of  manure  in  the  spring,  to 
be  forked  in  in  the  fall.      Chip  manure,  mixed  with  ashes,  is  the  best  kuvJ. 

A  favorite  way  of  growing  them  is  the  pyramid  form;  to  form  a  handsome  pyra- 
mid requires  some  experience,  and  when   rabbits  are  abundant,  they  are  apt  t 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SuCIETV.  115 

injure  the  lower  limbs  in  winter.  A  form  easier  attained  is  the  common  tree  shnpe, 
with  a  stem  from  twelve  to  eighteen  inches  high,  keeping  a  spreading  head,  if 
possible,  by  pruning  always  to  an  outside  bud  or  pinching  back  the  upright  shoots 
and  stni"'"lin<>-  growth  at  intervals  through  the  summer.  Dwarf  pears  come  into 
bearing  very  early,  and  some  kinds  require  thinning  severely,  while  the  fruit  is 
small,  as  they  have  the  habit  of  overfruiiing,  and  if  allowed  to  remain,  the  quali- 
ty would  be  inferior.  There  are  but  few  kinds  that  are  known  10  do  well  and 
make  lasting  trees  on  the  quince  stock;  and  one  reason  why  dwarf  trees  have 
been  unpopular,  is  doubtless  the  working  of  kinds  on  the  quince  stock  that  are 
not  suited  10  it. 

Plums. — But  for  the  ravages  of  the  curculio,  this  fruic  would  be  very  satisfac- 
tory in  Kentucky.  If  any  effectual  remedy  should  be  discovered,  the  plum  will 
become  a  favorite  fruit.  There  is  quite  an  interest  extant  to  find  some  effectual 
remedy.  At  present  the  most  effectual  means  known  to  secure  a  crop,  is  to  shake 
the  insect  off  the  trees,  early  in  the  morning  before  the  warmth  of  the  sun  has 
made  ihem  active,  by  a  smart  blow  with  a  mallet  against  the  end  of  a  short  stick, 
Which  should  be  thickly  padded  at  the  end  set  against  the  tree  ;  or  a  limb  may 
be  hawed  off,  leaving  a  stump  an  inch  or  two  long  for  the  purpose  of  jarring  the 
tree  by  a  blow  from  the  mallet,  without  injuring  the  tree.  A  large  sheet  should 
first  be  spread  under  the  tree,  that  the  curouitq  may  be  caught  and  killed.  By 
commencing  this  process  as  soon  as  the  young  p'ums  are  as  large  as  peas,  and 
continuiii"  tt  as  long  as  any  curculio  are  found — carefully  collecting  and  destroy- 
ing all  punctured  fruit — the  amateur  may  raise  plums  enough  to  reward  him  for 
his  labor  and  vigilance  ;  but  the  process  is  loo  tedious  to  be  profitable  to  grow 
this  truit  for  market. 

The  plum  does  well  on  a  heavy  clay  soil  ;  if  moist,  so  much  the  better,  provi- 
ded no  water  stands  upon  it  long  enough    lo   become  stagnant.      Heavy  clay  soils 
afford  also  a  tolerable  protection  against  the  curculio.      They    are   not  nearly  so 
troublesome  in  such  a  soil  as  in  a  warm,  light  soil. 

Mums  are  propagated  by  budding  or  grafting  on  the  most  vigorous  of  the  sviid 
varieties,  or  on  the  common  blue  or  Horse  Plum.  They  should  be  budded  early 
in  ihe  season,  as  the  wood  of  the  plum  iree  matures  early,  after  which  the  bark 
becomes  fast,  and  buds  inserted  after  the  adhesion  of  the  bark  are  apt  to  fail. 
The  Lombard  Plum  will  reproduce  itself  from  seed.  Though  not  a  high  flavored 
fruit,  it  is  desirable  because  it  rarely  fails  to  produce  good  crops,  and  is  very 
hardy.  The  Washington,  Jefferson  and  Green  Gage  suffered  more  than  others 
from  the  last  severe  winter.  Many  trees  of  these  varieties  were  killed  outright. 
Apricots  and  nectarines,  but  for  the  same  insect  so  fatal  to  the  plum,  would  be 
universally  cultivated  in  Kentucky  ;  the  apricot  particularly,  from  its  ripe<  ing  at 
an  interval  in  the  fruit  season  between  the  small  fruits  and  the  peach.  Its  fine 
appearance  and  flavor  constitute  it  a  great  favorite  with  all.  The  sani  precau- 
tions against  the  curculio  are  lo  be  used,  as  recommended  for  the  plum.  Apricots 
aDd  nectarines  may  be  budded  on  either  plum,  peach  or  almond  stocks.  The  lat- 
ter is  preferable  to  the  peach.  Some  prefer  the  plum  to  either  as  a  stock,  but  the 
great  difference  in  their  growth  renders  it  necessary  to  bud  very  low,  otherwise 
there  will  be  an  unsightly  offset  at  the  point  of  union  By  budding  low,  this 
point  may  be  below  the  surlace  when  the  tree  is  set  out.  The  trees  ^eem  equally 
healthy  upon  eh  her  of  these  stocks. 

They  should  be  planted  on  moderately  rich,  high,  dry  soil,  twenty  feet  apart, 
and  treated  as  directed  for  the  peach  and  plum  ;  that  is,  tne  upricot  as  plum,  and 
the  nectarine  as  peach  trees. 

Chekkies — Such  of  the  finer  varieties  as  have  had  a  fair  trial  in  Kentucky, 
with  those  modifications  in  their  culture  which  our  soil  a-nd  climate  sug;es+..  have 
ltd  to  the  hope  that  nearly,  if  not  quite  all  the  varieties  of  this  delicious  fruit, 
may  be  grown  here,  when  we  understand  its  culture  more  perfectly.     The   com- 


1 1  6  REPORT  OF  THE 

mon  Morello  Cherry  is  universally  grown  and  is  quite  hardy.  The  Kentish  and 
seedlings  closely  resembling  it,  are  grown  quite  as  successfully  in  many  parts  of 
the  Slate,  under  the  name  of  May  Cherry,  or  sometimes  erroneously,  Cluster 
Cherry.  The  Kentish,  or  Early  Richmond  is  one  of  the  best  of  the  sour  cher- 
ries, and  should  supercede  the  Morello  altogether,  as  it  is  quite  as  hardy  and 
productive,  and  is  much  superior  to  it  in  every  other  respect.  Next  to  these  va- 
rieties, in  point  of  hardiness,  though  not  equalling  them  in  productiveness,  stands 
the  May  Duke,  then  the  Elton,  one  of  the  finest  flavored  of  cherries.  All  other 
kinds  have  been  more  or  less  affected  by  the  intense  cold  of  the  last  severe  win- 
ters, and  are  not  to  be  relied  upon  under  ordinary  treatment.  Dr.  Kiriland,  of 
Ohio,  has  produced  several  new  seedlings  which  promise  to  supercede  the  old 
•well  known  kinds  in  quality,  with  the  great  advantage  of  being  hardy.  Should 
further  experiments  confirm  this  promise,  they  will  be  an  invaluable  addition  to 
our  at  present  limited  list  of  reliable  cherries.  The  cause  of  the  failure  of  both 
cherries  and  plums,  is  not  that  they  are  not  capable  of  resisting  a  low  tempera- 
ture when  the  season's  growth  is  mature,  but  becanse  they  mature  their  growth 
earlv  and  frequently  cast  their  leaves  in  August,  after  which  time,  should  the 
season  be  warm  and  moist,  the  flow  of  sap  is  resumed  after  a  few  weeks  of  rest, 
rend'  ring  the  young  wood  and  buds  peculiarly  susceptible  to  injury  from  freezing. 
Cherries  are  propagated  by  budding  on  stocks  of  the  Mazzard,  a  wild  Euro- 
pean variety,  producing  small  black  fruit,  or  on  the  Mahaleb,  a  dwarfish  variety, 
producing  very  small  bitter  fruit.  The  latter  variety  has  but  lately  been  used 
here  as  a  stock,  and  from  certain  peculiarities  it  possesses,  those  who  have  tried 
it  are  led  to  hope  that  it  may  be  better  suited  to  the  South  than  the  Mazzard, 
upon  which  hitherto  nearly  all  the  finer  kinds  of  cherries  have  been  worked,  and 
which  have  proved  little  better  than  failures. 

The  quality  particularly  relied  on  in  the  Mahaleb,  is  its  dwarfish  hah  and 
the  fact  that  it  retains  its  leaves  till  very  late  in  the  season,  thus  keeping  up  the 
growth  through  our  long  summers,  with  less  vigor,  producing  less  succulent  and 
better  matured  wood,  capable  of  resisting  the  rigors  of  winter,  because  the  ten- 
dency to  an  autumnal  growth  is  avoided.  The  cherry  is  particularly  liable  to 
injury  from  the  rays  of  the  sun,  when  the  trunk  and  large  branches  are  exposed 
to  them      To  shield  it  from  injury  it  should  be  made  to  branch  low. 

The  Mahaleb  stock  is  found  to  impart  to  the  scion  the  tendency  to  extend  its 
season's  growth  and  the  retention  of  its  foliage.  It  also  checks  its  excessive  vi- 
gor. If,  therefore,  it  be  planted  in  rather  thin  scil  and  protected  from  injury  from 
the  sun  by  its  own  foliage,  we  may  expect  to  grow  cherries  here  to  perfection. 
The  Mahaleb  does  not  fully  dwarf  the  tree.  They  grow  to  a  sufficient  size  for 
oichard  culture,  and,  if  planted  fifteen  feet  apart,  they  wdl  soon  occupy  all  the 
ground. 

Grapes. — The  cultivation  of  grapes  as  a  dessert  fruit,  and  for  the  purpose  of 
mak'  or  wine,  calls  for  somewhat  different  management.  As  both  objects  are  of 
consiaerable  interest  to  our  State,  both  from  the  adaptedness  of  our  soil  and  cli- 
mate, each  will  be  briefly  noticed,  though  for  the  vineyard  culture  of  the  grape 
it  would  transcend  the  limits  of  an  essay  of  this  kind  to  undertake  anything  more 
than  to  urge  its  importance  upon  all  who  have  high  rolling  lands  in  the  rich  lime- 
stone regions  of  the  State.  Those  who  intend  to  plant  vineyards  wilf,  of  course, 
employ  experienced  men,  if  they  have  not  themselves  the  requisite  knowledge. 
There  are  several  valuable  works  on  this  subject,  which  should  be  carefully  stu- 
died.before  embarking  extensively  in  grape  culture.  It  is  very  important  to  start 
ri^ht.  It  may  not  be  amiss  to  say,  that  wine  is  destined  to  become  an  important 
item  in  Kentucky  products  at  no  distant  day.  Those  who  have  suitable  lands, 
anii  incend  to  embark  in  this  culture,  should  profit  by  the  experience  of  others, 
and  prepare  their  sod  by  deep  trenching,  otherwise  they  must  not  expect  a  per- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  117 

manent  and  profitable  vineyard.  This  is  abundantly  proved  by  all  experience. 
Trenching  is  the  most  expensive,  as  well  as  the  most  important  requisite  to  suc- 
cessful grape  culture. 

Grapes  are  propagated  by  cuttings  of  last  season's  growth,  cut  in  lengths  of 
three  buds  or  joints,  the  buts  cut  square  and  just  below  a  bud.  Autumn  is  the 
best  time  to  make  cuttings.  They  may  be  tied  into  bundles  and  buried  till  the 
buds  swell  in  the  spring,  and  then  set  out  in  nursery  rows  three  feet  apart  and 
about  six  inches  in  the  row  ;  or  they  may  be  set  out  where  they  are  to  grow  in 
the  vineyard,  setting  two  cuttings  at  each  place.  In  this  case  a  stake  should  be 
set,  where  the  vine  is  to  grow,  and  the  two  cuttings  placed  with  their  tops  close 
to  the  stake  and  their  lower  setting  from  the  stake  in  the  direction  of  the  rows  at 
an  angle  of  about  45  deg.,  so  that  if  both  grow,  one  may  be  removed  without  in- 
juring the  roots  of  the  other. 

Where  grown  for  fruit  for  the  des>ert,  grapes  may  be  planted  in  rich,  deeply 
trenched  soil,  eight  feet  apart,  in  rows  ten  feet  apart.  They  will  require  no  trel- 
lis for  two  years.  A  good  trellis  may  be  made  by  setting  9  feet  cedar  posts  24 
feet  apart,  (anchoring  the  end  posts  by  a  cross  piece  in  the  ground,)  and  three  or 
four  strands  of  No.  9  wire,  at  equal  distances  apart,  the  lowest  about  18  inches 
from  the  ground,  and  the  upper  one  at  the  top  of  the  posts,  securing  the  wire  to 
the  end  posts  with  strong  staples  or  large-headed  spikes,  and  to  the  intermediate 
posts  by  staples  of  the  same  size  wire.  This  will  be  found  neater,  more  perma- 
nent, and  more  convenient  than  a  wooden  trellis.  The  higher  the  vines  are 
trained  from  the  ground  the  better.  The  first  year  they  may  be  allowed  to  grow 
without  much  care,  except  good  and  clean  culture.  The  second  year,  cut  off  all 
but  two  buds,  and  after  the  shoots  from  them  are  sufficiently  grown  to  be  out  of 
danger  of  being  broken  off  by  the  wind,  break  off  the  weakest  of  them.  The 
following  autumn,  cut  the  remaining  shoots  back  to  three  or  four  buds,  and  in 
the  spring  allow  the  two  strongest  to  grow.  Train  them  on  the  trellis,  and  keep 
off  all  laterals,  forming  two  clean  canes  four  or  five  feet  long.  After  they  have 
made  this  growth,  they  will  require  no  more  attention  till  fall,  when  they  should 
be  cut  back  to  three  or  four  feet ;  and  if  you  intend  to  train  the  vines  in  a  regu- 
lar shape  on  the  trellis,  lay  them  along  the  lower  wires  of  the  trellis  and  allow 
the  shoots  to  grow  up  the  following  season,  at  the  distance  of  about  a  foot  apart, 
and  rub  off  all  other  buds.  They  will  now  produce  a  crop  of  fruit,  and  the  fu- 
ture treatment  will  be  to  keep  them  in  their  shape  by  cutting,  each  season,  every 
alternate  shoot  back  to  two  eyes,  and  training  the  shoot  from  only  one  of  them, 
so  as  to  produce  bearing  wood  for  the  next  season. 

An  easier  method  of  training  the  vine  is  called  the  "  renewal  system."  To 
train  by  this  method,  cut  off  one  of  the  shoots  of  the  second  year's  growth  to 
two  buds,  instead  of  training  on  the  lower  wire,  and  each  season  produce  a  clean, 
solid  cane  of  four  or  five  feet  from  one  of  these  buds,  while  the  cane  of  the  pre- 
vious year  is  producing  fruit.  No  vine  should  be  allowed  to  produce  fruit  till 
the  cane  of  one  season's  growth  is  at  least  half  an  inch  in  diameter,  and  great 
care  must  be  exercised  to  prevent  over-cropping,  as  to  this  cause  most  of  the  fail- 
ures in  grape  growing  are  to  be  attributed.  When  the  vine  puts  out  in  the  spring, 
train  the  bearing  cane  either  in  a  bow  or  in  a  serpentine  direction,  to  prevent  the 
excessive  flow  of  sap  to  the  extremities.  Then  pinch  out  every  other  bud,  allow- 
ing the  formation  of  one  good  shoot,  free  from  laterals.  The  point  to  be  kept  in 
view  in  training  grape  vines,  is  to  keep  from  forming  old,  worth'ess  wood,  by 
keeping  the  young  wood  as  near  the  roots  as  possible.  Either  of  the  methods 
referred  to  will  keep  the  vine  in  a  permanent  form. 

When  the  vine  grows  near  a  tree,  or  any  other  high  and  large  support,  they 
do  well  without  any  pruning,  if  allowed  to  ramble  at  large.  The  best  manure 
for  grape  vines  is  ashes  and  leaf  mould  ;  stable  manure  making  too  luxuriant, 
long  jrinted  growth,  which  does  not  mature.  The  best  growth  is  short-jointed 
and  round,  the  wood  being  hard  and  well  matured.       No  good  crops  will  be  pro- 


Lib  REPOBT  OF  THE 

duced  on  pithy  long  jointed  wood.  When  this  sort  of  wood  is  produced,  manure 
with  nothing  but  ashes  The  best  grape  for  out-door  culture  is  the  Catawba, 
next  to  this  the  Isabella,  then  the  Blue  <^ape,  (generally  erroneously  called  Isa- 
bella). The  Elsenburuh  is  a  small,  pulpless,  and  very  sweet  grape.  The  Lenoir 
(pronounced  Lun  war,)  is  also  worthy  a  place  in  the  garden  of  the  amateur,  as 
well  as  several  new  arid  promising  varieties  not  yet  sufficiently  tested,  but  which 
promise  well.  The  finer  European  grapes  do  not  succeed  well  in  Kentucky,  ex- 
cept under  glass.  Some  good  fruit  has,  however,  been  produced  from  these  by 
allowing  the  vines  to  trail  on  the  ground.  These  vines  must  be  covered  with 
earth  in  winter  to  prevent  them  from  injury  by  freezing. 

Small  Fkuits. — At  the  risk  of  making  this  essay  tedious,  it  is  thought  neces- 
sary 10  speak  briefly  of  the  culture  of  small  fruits,  because  they  are  of  growing 
importance,  and  their  culture  now  is  of  considerable  importance. 

Strawberries  grow  best  in  new  ground.  If  planted  on  old  soil,  it  should  be 
made  rich  with  chip  manure  and  ashes.  If  stable  manure  is  used,  it  should  be 
from  the  cow-house,  and  well  rotted.  The  ground  should  be  deeply  trenched  or 
subsoiled,  and  the  plants  set  in  rows  three  feet  apart,  about  one  foot  in  the  row, 
and  every  third  row  should  be  a  staminate  variety,  that  is,  one  producing  perfect 
flowers.  The  runners  may  be  allowed  to  cover  the  ground,  but  not  to  become 
crowded.  All  weeds  and  grass  must  be  carefully  hoed  out.  The  best  and  lar- 
gest fruit  is  produced  on  pistillate  plants,  or  those  that  produce  flowers  with  fe- 
male organs  only.  Though  some  of  the  newer  varieties  of  staminates  produce 
full  crops  of  large  fruit,  the  Long  worth's  Prolific  is  probably  the  best  of  these  ; 
then  the  old  standard  kind,  the  Large  Farly  Scarlet,  will  generally  produce  a  crop 
with  very  little  culture  or  attention.  These  and  the  Iowa,  or  Washington,  are 
much  used  as  impregnators  for  the  pistillate  varieties,  as  above  directed.  Of  the 
pistillntes,  the  best  for  general  culture  are  probably  Hovey's  Seedling,  Burr's 
New  Pine,  McAvoy's  Superior  Hudson,  Janney's  Seedling,  and  Neck  Pine.  The 
culture  of  strawberries  is  very  profitable  near  large  cities.  When  grown  in  large 
quantities  for  market,  they  are  kept  clean  by  the  use  of  the  cultivator,  with  but 
little  hand-weeding  or  hoe  work.  Strawberries  should  be  renewed  every  three  or 
four  years,  by  setting  out  new  beds  or  the  old  plants  become  unproductive.  For 
forming  new  beds,  the  most  vigorous  of  the  new  plants  should  be  selected. 

Raspberries  do  well  on  similar  soil  to  that  required  by  the  strawberry.  They 
should  be  trimmed  in  the  fall.  The  finer  kinds  are  but  half  hardy  and  should 
be  bent  down  and  covered  with  earth.  When  trimmed  and  thus  treated,  large 
Crops  are  produced.  To  secure  large  canes,  no  more  than  from  four  to  five  should 
be  allowed  to  grow  from  each  root  or  stoll,  and  these  should  be  four  feet  apart 
each  way.  They  require  clean  culture.  Every  five  or  six  years  new  plantations 
should  be  set  out — they  are  increased  by  offsets  from  the  roots.  The  best  kinds 
for  Kentucky,  are  the  true  Red  Antwerp,  Fastolff,  and  Ohio  Everbearing  ;  the 
common  black  and  yellow  kinds  are  so  hardy  and  so  easily  managed  that  by 
many  they  are  preferred.  Biinkle's  Orange  and  Belle  de  Fontenay  are  new 
kinds,  which,  from  one  season's  trial  here,  are  thought  to  be  very  superior.  They 
must  be  further  tested  before  they  can  be  recommended  with  certainty.  The 
Belle  de  Fontenay  proved  more  hardy  during  the  last  severe  winter  than  any 
Other  kind,  except  the  common  black. 

Currants  are  not  productive  in  Kentucky  generally.  The  writer  has  tried  all 
the  new  and  fine  kinds,  but  with  such  limited  success  that  he  feels  disposed  to 
say  but  little  about  them.  The  red  and  white  Dutch  and  Black  Naples  are  the 
kinds  most  likely  to  succeed.  If  planted  in  good,  rich,  damp  soil  on  a  steep 
Northern  slope,  it  is  thought  they  might  succeed  well.  Our  climate  seems  too 
hot  and  dry  for  them. 

Gooseberries — Of  many  varieties  tried,  the  Houghton  Seedling  is  the  only 
one  that  has  given  entire  satisfaction.      A  description  of  this  fruit  may  be  found 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  ]19 

in  any  of  the  fruit  books.  Being  free  from  mildew,  which  is  the  bane  of  the 
large  European  varieties,  it  is  hardy  and  very  productive.  The  same  soil  and 
aspect  as  recommended  for  the  currant  will  be  found  best  suited  to  the  gooseberry. 
In  conclusion  it  is  recommended  that  amateurs  pay  some  attention  to  our  native 
seedling  fruits,  and  plant  seeds  from  the  best  specimens,  for  the  purpose  of  im- 
proving them,  and  producing  varieties  adapted  to  our  soil  and  climate.  Annexed 
is  a  list  of  the  different  varieties,  which,  from  the  experience  of  several  years, 
and  no  little  assistance  from  the  experience  and  observation  of  others,  is  believed 
to  be  best  suited  to  our  State. 

Apples  — (Somewhat  in  the  order  of  their  ripening.)  White  Juneting,  Yellow 
Harvest,  Carolina  R<jd  June,  Black's  Annette,  Rambo,  Belleflower,  Fall  Queen, 
Newtown  Pippin,  Winter  Pearmain,  Winesap,  Jonathan,  Prior's  Red,  Rawle's 
Jannet,  Little  Romanite. 

Peaches. — Troth's  Early,  Early  Tillottson,  Early  York,  Van  Zant's  Superb, 
Early  Newington,  Grosse  Mignonne.  Royal  George,  Crawford's  Early,  Brevoort'a 
Morris.  Morris'  White,  Rodman's  Cling,  Crawford's  Late,  Old  Mixon,  Columbia, 
Leopold,  Lemon  Cling,  Catharine,  Sweet  Spanish  Malacoton,  White  Heath,  and 
Smock's  Late  Free. 

Pears. — Madaleine,  Bloodgood,  Bartlett,  Belle  Lucrative,  Seckle,  Louise  Bon 
de  Jersey,  Flemish  Beauty,  Glout  Morceau,  Passe  Colmar,  Winter  Nelis. 

Pears  on  Quince  for  Dwarfs. — Duchess  de  Anyouleme,  Louisa  Bon  de 
Jersey,  Bartlett,  (in  some  localities,)  Belle  Lucrative,  Glout  Morceau,  Buffum. 

Plums  — Washington,  Jefferson,  Smith's  Orleans,  Imperial  Gage,  Lombard, 
Coe's  Golden  Drop,  Green  Gage,  Yellow  Egg. 

Cherries. — Kentish  or  Early  Richmond,  May  Duke,  Elton,  Graffion  or  Yellow 
Spanish,  Black  Tartarian,  Napoleon  Bigarreau,  American  Amber,  and  the  Ohio 
Seedlings  of  Dr.  Kirtland,  to  test  their  qualities. 

Apkicots  — Early  Golden,  Roman,  Hameskirke,  Moorepark,  Peach. 

Nectarines. — Early  Newington,  Boston,  Eluge. 

ARTHUR  PETER, 

Louisville,  Ky. 


Essay  under  the  Fifth    Class,    by    R.  J.  Breckinridge,    D.  D.,  to   whom   wa» 
awarded  the  first  Premium — $20. 

ON  THE  USE  AND    ASSISTANCE  OF  MECHANICS  TO  AGRICULTURE. 

Agriculture  is  the  only  pursuit  followed  by  man  whereby  additional  material  is 
added  to  the  sum  which  existed  before.  All  other  pursuits  are  designed  to  add 
new  values  to  things  which  existed  before.  Agriculture  alone  adds  both  addi- 
tional  material  and  new  values.  Every  crop  which  the  soil  produces,  every  an- 
imal which  is  born,  are  not  only  new  values — they  are  also  additional  existences — 
things  which  did  not  exisit  before.  But  in  every  other  industrial  pursuit,  no 
matter  how  immense  may  be  the  changes  wrought  by  science  or  by  art,  or  how 
vast  may  be  the  values  created,  still  it  is  only  changes  'which  are  produced,  only 
values  which  have  been  created.  Nothing  has  been  really  added  to  the  sum  of 
existence.  It  is  this  which  distinguishes  agriculture  from  all  other  industrial 
pursuits,  and  makes  it  the  fundamental  basis  of  all  production,  all  wealth,  all  in- 
crease of  the  absolute  sum  of  existences.  Not  even  it  has  any  power  to  add  to 
the  sum  of  the  mineral  kingdom;  but  over  the  animal  and  vegetable  kingdoms  it* 
power  seems  to  be  unlimited  in  increasing  them. 


120  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  question  which  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  proposes  for  this 
essay  is,  the  use  and  assistance  of  one  department,  to-wit:  Mechanics — one  of 
those  great  pursuits  which  create  only  new  values  upon  this  one  single  great  pur- 
suit which  produces  both  new  material  and  new  value,  to-wit:  Agriculture — the 
use  and  assistance,  therefore,  of  mechanics  in  enabling  agriculture  both  to  pro- 
duce additional  material  and  additional  values.  And  inasmuch  as  the  mechanic 
arts  can  have  no  material  influence  on  the  production  of  animal  life,  or  in  adding 
to  those  qualities  of  animals  which  determine  their  value,  in  themselves  consider- 
ed, I  shall  confine  what  I  have  to  say  chiefly  to  the  influence  which  mechanics 
may  be  made  to  exert  in  augmenting  the  increase  and  the  value  of  the  produc- 
tions of  the  soil. 

Considered  in  one  point  of  view,  agriculture  cannot  take  more  than  one  single 
step  without  the  aid  both  of  science  and  of  art.  Left  to  work  merely  with  his 
hands,  man  could  add  little  to  the  spontaneous  productions  of  nature.  Every 
tool  he  requires  is  an  exemplification,  more  or  less  perfect,  of  one  or  other  of  the 
mechanical  powers,  and  every  one  of  them  is  an  application,  more  or  less  com- 
plete, of  one  or  other  of  the  mechanical  arts  to  agriculture.  All  middle-aged 
men  in  Kentucky  have  seen  the  reap  hook,  the  cradle,  and  the  reaper  succeed  each 
other  in  our  harvest  fields — have  seen  the  scythe  followed  by  the  mower  in  our 
meadows — have  seen  the  hemp  hpok  supplant  the  old  method  of  pulling  hemp, 
and  can  form  some  idea  of  what  effect  would  be  produced  if  we  had  a  machine 
to  cut  hemp  as  much  better  than  the  common  hook,  as  the  mower  is  better  than 
the  common  scythe.  Old  men  have  seen  corn  pounded  in  a  mortar  for  bread — 
have  seen  the  hand  stones  follow  the  mortar — have  seen  the  horse  mill  follow 
the  hand  stones,  the  water  mill  follow  the  horse  mill,  the  steam  mill  follow  the 
water  mill.  And  if  we  will  but  allow  ourselves  to  run  over  what  our  own  living 
generation  has  seen,  we  have  a  clear  idea  of  what  agriculture  must  be  even  in  its 
first  civilized  state  with  slow  advantages  from  the  mechanic  arts,  and  how  im- 
measurably it  is  indebted  to  them,  both  for  increased  production  and  increased 
values. 

We  see,  therefore,  that  while  agriculture,  in  its  widest  sense,  is  the  foundation 
of  all  production,  yet  it  is  dependent  for  its  own  progress  and  perfection  upon 
most  of  the  sciences  and  arts.  Those  sciences  especially  which  we  call  natural 
sciences,  and  those  which  we  call  by  the  special  name  of  natural  philosophy,  can 
hardly  take  a  step  in  advance  without  the  condition  of  agriculture  in  all  civilized 
countries,  feeling  the  beneficial  effects;  nor  are  there  many  arts  which  the  inge- 
nuity of  man  can  organize,  or  his  good  fortune  even  stumble  ou,  connected  with 
those  sciences  whose  range  is  so  immense,  which  may  not  be  made  available  to 
the  great  advantage  of  agriculture.  These  beneficent  effects  are  produced  in  a 
two  fold  manner — -the  one  indirect,  the  other  direct,  and  both  ways  they  operate 
both  upon  production  and  value;  one  use  and  advantage  being,  however,  mainly 
to  increase  production  itself,  while  the  other,  hardly  less  important,  is  chiefly  to 
increase  the  value  of  ali  productions.  Roth  these  aspects  of  the  subject  deserve 
our  most  serious  consideration. 

It  is  impossible  to  estimate  the  importance  of  the  indirect  aid  which  mechani- 
cal philosophy,  in  its  practical  application,  has  rendered,  and  is  destined,  in  a 
still  higher  degree,  to  render  to  agriculture.  The  more  bulky  products  of  the 
earth  are  of  comparatively  small  value,  and  even  at  the  most  reduced  price  have 
a  very  limited  demand,  when  they  cannot  be  transformed,  by  some  manufacture 
of  them,  into  a  shape  in  which  they  can  be  transported  easily,  or  when  the 
means  of  transportation  are  insufficient  or  too  costly.  The  grain  crops  of  Ken- 
tucky, until  very  recently,  would  have  been  of  no  value  beyond  a  very  local  de- 
mand, and  therefore  would  have  been  very  little  cultivated  if  they  could  not  have 
gone  to  market  in  the  form  of  live  stock  or  whisky;  or  while  subjected,  in  the 
form  of  flour,  to  a  precarious  voyage  in  flat  boats    down  the    Ohio   and  Missis- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  121 

sippi  rivers,  and  after  that  perhaps  to  a  still  more  precarious  traffic  with  the  West 
India  Islands.  At  present,  these  crops  are  worth,  on  an  average,  double  their 
former  value,  and  are  paid  for  in  cash  at  our  own  market  towns.  Besides  the 
immense  stimulus  to  production,  the  actual  price  is  doubled,  and  the  whole  risk 
and  delay  removed.  Whatever  influence  other  causes  may  have  had  in  ibis  rev- 
olution, undoubtedly  it  is  steam  applied  to  manufactures  and  to  transportation, 
which  has  mainly  effected  it.  Innumerable  examples  might  be  given  of  this  in- 
direct benefit  of  the  mechanic  arts  upon  agriculture.  The  most  remarkable,  per- 
haps, which  has  ever  occurred  has  happened  in  our  own  times,  and  relates  to  our 
own  country.  Cotton,  from  being  raised  merely  for  household  purposes,  has  be- 
come the  chief  article  of  the  commerce  of  the  world.  It  is  a  few  inventions  in 
the  mechanic  arts  which  have  produced  this  unparalleled  change.  Whitney's 
invention  of  the  cotton  gin;  Arkwright  and  Watt's  inventions  on  machinery 
by  steam;  the  perfection  of  instruments  for  carding,  spinning,  and  weaving;  these 
are  the  powers — mecanical,  all  of  them — which  have  had  the  greatest  share  in 
producing  results  by  means  of  which  the  destiny  of  our  own  country,  and  perhaps 
of  th#  whole  world,  has  been  indirectly,  but  most  materially  affected;  first  through 
agriculture,  and  afterwards  through  every  interest  of  man. 

These  immense  revolutions  in  values  are  not  always  obvious  in  their  origin,  nor 
in  their  first  effects;  still  less  are  we  prepared  to  see  from  the  small  beginnings 
the  enormous  and  complicated  final  results.  Yet  they  work  with  steady  and  irre- 
sistible force.  The  silent  and  obscure  meditations  of  McCormick  wTould  seem  to 
have  no  assignable  relation  to  the  whole  grain  and  grass  region  of  the  earth,  and 
the  rude  attempts  of  Watt  to  simplify  the  mode  of  applying  steam  as  a  motive 
power  to  machinery  could  have  presented  to  him  no  conceivable  bearing  upon 
the  question  of  slavery,  with  all  its  complications,  in  this  great  Republic.  Yet 
the  thoughts  of  such  men,  earnestly  working  in  one  direction,  become  at  last 
controling  practical  forces  working  in  all  directions.  If  they  begin  with  agricul- 
ture, even  indirectly  considered,  they  widen  until  they  embrace  innumerable  in- 
terests; and  let  them  begin  where  they  may,  if  they  work  across  till  thej  enter 
the  vast  domain  of  agricultural  interests,  it  is  then  that  they  attain  their  greatest 
force. 

If  we  will  consider  the  direct  influence  of  mechanics  as  applied  to  agriculture, 
the  most  obvious  reflection  which  this  aspect  of  the  subject  suggests  is,  that  all 
the  mechanical  powers,  in  their  simple  and  separate  form,  are  so  many  instru- 
ments provided  in  the  nature  of  things,  by  which  man  is  enabled  to  increase  his 
power  over  inanimate  things,  in  a  degree  proportionate  to  his  own  skill.  There 
is  no  shape  which  inanimate  matter  can  assume,  in  which  it  is  capable  of  resist- 
ing the  power  of  man  when  aided  by  the  mechanical  powers,  even  separately  ta- 
ken, and  in  their  simple  forms.  When  skillfully  combined,  their  power  may  be 
indefinitely  increased,  and  in  like  degree  man's  power  through  their  use.  There 
is  nothing  in  the  nature  of  agricultural  employments  which  makes  them  an  ex- 
ception to  these  universal  truths;  on  the  contrary,  it  is  of  their  very  nature,  as 
has  already  been  remarked,  that  they  cannot  advance  beyond  the  very  lowest 
condition,  except  by  the  aid  of  mechanical  powers.  It  may  be  added  that  the 
indefinite  application  of  such  powers,  in  the  way  of  improved  tools,  implements 
and  machines,  may  carry,  to  an  indefinite  degree,  the  success  of  every  agricul- 
tural employment.  To  stir  the  surface  of  the  ground  with  a  sharpened  stick 
pulled  by  one  man,  and  pushed  by  another,  is  an  improvement  upon  scratching  a 
hole  in  the  ground  with  our  fingers;  but  to  turn  the  ground  a  foot  deep  with 
one  of  our  best  plows  pulled  by  horses,  is  another  condition  of  things  altogether; 
and  there  are  many  conditions  between  these  two.  To  peel  hemp  with  the  fin- 
gers, ;as  is  still  done  in  many  countries,  is  far  below  that  condition  in  which,  thirty 
years  ago,  one  hundred  pounds  per  day  was  heavy  work  with  our  primeval 
breaks,    and  that  is  far  below  our  present  ability  with  improved  implements  and 


122  REPORT  OF  THE 

skill;  far  as  It  is  below  what  might  occurif  we  had  as  good  machinery  for  break- 
ing hemp  as  we  have  for  grinding  grain;  or  taking  the  very  simplest  operation, 
let  any  one  observe  two  men  shilling  corn  with  the  ear  in  one  hand  and  a  burnt 
cob  in  the  other,  and  then  observe  two  children  shelling  corn  with  the  simple  ma- 
chine made  by  combining  the  wheel  and  the  inclined  plane,  and  he  will  have  a 
clear  conception  of  the  two  conditions  of  man,  when  using  little  beyond  his  natu- 
ral fnrce,  and  when  using  even  very  simple  mechanical  contrivances. 

There  are  three  forms  of  toil  which  accurately  distinguish  the  progress  of  ag- 
riculture. The  lowest  is  hum-in  toil,  in  which  man  himself,  almost  unaided,  per- 
forms the  entire  work  of  tillage.  The  next  above  is  animal  toil,  in  which  dumb 
beasts  are  subjected  by  man  to  the  greater  part  of  those  labors  which  husbandry 
demands.  The  third  and  highest  is  dead  toil,  in  which  machinery  is  made  to 
perform,  to  the  utmost  possible  degree,  the  labor,  both  of  man  and  beast.  It  is 
to  set  out  the  extreme  importance  of  our  more  rapid  advance  into  this  third  and 
highest  condition  that  this  little  essay  is  written.  We  have  seen  the  hoe  banished 
entirely  from  the  cultivation  of  corn,  and  the  work  better  done,  far  more  of  it 
done,  and  far  more  corn  raised  to  the  acre,  and  more  acres  cultivated  to  each 
hand  under  an  exclusive  system  of  horse  husbandry.  We  have  seen  the  flail 
give  "place  to  the  treading  floor,  and  that  give  place  to  the  threshing  machine, 
man  labor,  beast  labor,  and  dead  labor  following  each  othe-r,  and  who  can  doubt 
that  the  end  is  incomparably  better  than  all  that  went  before  it?  The  original 
form  of  mere  human  toil  never  prevailed  exclusively  in  this  country,  as  it  has  al- 
ways done,  and  still  does  to  such  an  immense  extent  over  the  earth.  Still,  how- 
ever, innumerable  instances  are  to  be  seen  amongst  us  where  human  beings 
do  alone  what  they  could  do  ten  times  as  well  with  the  aid  of  horse  power — in- 
numerable instances  in  which  defective  implements  take  away  half  the  value  of 
the  labor,  whether  human  .or  animal,  which  is  employed.  And  the  instances  in 
which  dead  labor  is  made  to  supply  the  place  of  both  human  and  brute  labor, 
though  multiplying  every  year,  are  yet  very  far  below  what  the  interests  of  ag- 
riculture  demand. 

It  would  appear  to  be  wholly  useless  to  attempt  to  satisfy  mankind  of  the  truth 
of  propositions  so  plain  and  so  certain,  as  that  a  laborer  can  do  more  and  better 
work  with  the  help  of  a  horse,  a  mule,  or  an  ox,  than  he  can  do  by  himself — that 
a  machine  can  do  more  than  a  man  and  a  beast  united — and  that  a  man,  a  beast, 
and  a  machine  combined,  can  do  infinitely  more  than  any  one  of  them,  or  any  two 
of  them.  But  in  agriculture,  other  things  being  nearly  equal,  the  amount  of  pro- 
duction depends  upon  the  amount  of  skillful  labor  applied.  It  is  perfectly  certain 
that  one  laborer  can  produce  more  corn  from  ten  acres  of  land  cultivated  with  his 
utmost  skill  and  toil  than  the  same  laborer  can  produce  from  five  hundred  acres, 
if  he  were  to  attempt  to  cultivate  the  whole  with  his  utmost  skill  and  toil.  If  he 
can,  by  any  means  whatever,  obtain  the  force  which  will  enable  him  to  cultivate 
the  whole  five  hundred  acres  as  he  did  the  ten,  then  it  is  obvious  that  his  pro- 
ductive force  is  fifty  times  as  great  as  it  was  before.  But  it  is  equally  obvious 
that  if,  by  any  means,  he  could  cultivate  the  ten  acres  fifty  times  as  well,  with 
the  fiftieth  of  man  labor  used  before,  he  would  immensely  diminish  his  personal 
toil,  and  immensely  increase  the  sum  of  his  products.  But  nothing  can  be  more 
certain  than  that  skilled  labor  is  more  productive  than  unskilled  labor — dead  labor 
cheaper  than  live  labor.  In  the  work  of  all  machinery  there  is  a  certain  regu- 
larity which  human  labor  cannot  attain,  so  that  any  man  can  do,  with  the  hebp  of 
a  machine,  what  only  one  man  in  ten  thousand  can  do  without  the  machine.  And 
besides,  this  ten  thousandth  man  had  to  spend  manv  years  of  his  life  in  acquiring 
his  rare  skill,  while  the  other  nine  thousand  nine  hundred  and  ninty  nine  men  ac- 
quired very  readily  all  the  skill  required  in  the  use  of  the  machine,  and  then 
every  one  of  them  will  do  with  his  machine  far  more,  and  far  better,  and  far 
cheaper  work  than   the  one  man   out  of  ten  thousand  can  do  by  himself.     And 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  123 

this  great  and  vital  truth  is  absolutely  universal  It  is  as  certain  that  one  very 
common  man  can  do,  with  an  ordinary  axe,  what  a  thousand  of  the  ablest  men 
in  the  woild  could  not  do  as  well,  or  in  the  same  time,  without  some  tool  equiva- 
lent to  an  axe,  as  it  is  that  any  ordinary  min,  with  a  few  months  training,  could 
do  with  the  most  pirfect  piece  of  machinery  what  ten  thousand  of  the  ablest  men 
in  the  world  could  not  do  at  all  without  the  machine. 

Everything  lhat  augments  the  force  of  man,  in  whatever  way,  elevates  him 
that  much  above  what  he  was  before.  Everything  that  increases  the  efficacy  of 
toil  blesses  the  human  race  in  two  admirable  ways,  for  it  enables  man  to  escape, 
to  a  certain  extent,  from  the  incessant  burden  of  toil  and  from  the  hardest  parts 
of  toil,  and  it  increases,  by  just  ihat  much,  the  amount  of  available  force  which 
the  human  race  possesses.  Toil  is  one  part,  of  the  lot  of  man  on  earth,  but.  it  is 
cot  his  whole  lot.  Whatever  mitigates  the  sum  of  the  great  burden  of  human 
toil  alleviates  the  common  lot  of  man  ;  whatever  increases  the  efficacy  or  the 
productiveness  of  toil  increases  the  sum  of  the  great  mass  of  human  enjoyment. 
And  moreover,  it  is  in  this  direction  ehiefly,  if  not  alone,  that  we  are  to  seek  for 
the  amelioration  of  the  physical  condition  of  the  great  mass  of  human  kind — the 
innumerable  children  of  toil  without  rest  and  without  adequate  reward.  We  can- 
not add  one  acre,  nay,  not  one  atom,  to  the  sum  of  the  earth  itself.  In  whatever 
degiee  our  lace  may  increase,  they  must  all  exist  upon  such  food  as  the  present 
earth  will  a  fiord,  and  the  excess  must  perish,  beyond  that  number  which  this 
earth  can  feed.  Our  race  increases  indefinitely — our  earth  can  never  increase  at 
all,  and  already  the  cry  of  unrequited  toil — the  cry  of  toil  that  does  not  furnish 
bread  to  eat — has  sounded  like  a  funeral  knell  from  all  the  crowded  marts  of  pop- 
ulation for  many  generations.  To  increase  the  productiveness  of  the  earth  itself 
is  therefore  the  grand  lesson  of  all  true  humanity,  as  well  as  all  true  philosophy 
directed  to  the  problem  of  human  existence  itself,  while  to  increase  the  efficacy 
of  human  toil  is  the  grand  lesson  of  that  same  humanity  and  philosophy  directed 
to  the  problem  of  the  physical  comforts  of  that  existence. 

I  know  how  immense  are  the  aids  derived  from  other  sciences  and  other  arts  in 
increasing  the  productiveness  of  the  earth,  and  in  augmenting  the  efficacy  of  toil. 
But  it  is  not  of  these  that  this  little  essay  treats.  Its  aim  is  to  direct  atteniion  to 
the  mechanic  arts  as  one  of  the  greatest  and  most  neglected  sources  of  these 
grand  improvements.  If  all  the  rulers  of  all  the  nations  of  the  earth  were  to 
perish  in  one  day,  enough  would  be  found  ready,  eager,  and  competent  to  occu- 
py their  places,  and  the  human  race  would  experience  no  serious  evil,  much  less 
any  permanent  loss,  by  so  vast  a  shock.  But  if  the  like  number  of  individuals 
were  to  perish  in  a  day,  embracing  only  the  first  man,  the  highest  genius  in  ev- 
ery country  and  in  every  department  of  science,  and  art  and  practical  skill  in  the 
matters  embraced  in  our  present  meditations,  the  great  inventors,  the  great  dis- 
coverers, the  great  philosophers,  the  great  mechanics,  society  would  receive  a 
shock  which  it  would  take  a  century  to  recover,  if  indeed  it  ever  recovered  it  at 
all.  For  how  easy  would  it  be  to  select  from  amongst  the  dead  a  hundred  names 
of  whom  it  might  be  truly  said,  that  if  these  men  had  never  lived  and  invented, 
and  worked,  the  present  posture  of  the  human  race  could  never  have  been 
reached  ! 

It  is  as  absurd  to  imagine  that  the  mechanic  arts  cannot  be  applied  to  the  pur- 
poses of  agriculture,  as  effectually,  as  to  the  purposes  of  any  other  great  material 
interest  of  man.  Already  many  of  the  most  beautiful  and  effective  creations  of 
mechanical  ingenuity  and  skill,  have  been  brought  into  existence  with  direct  re- 
ference to  the  interests  and  the  staples  of  agriculture.  Whoever,  for  example, 
will  examine  the  machine  now  in  common  use.  for  manufacturing  the  cards  used  in 
preparing  wool  and  cotton  for  spinning,  and  then  examine  the  machines  employe  d 
in  preparing  these  great  staples  themselves  for  the  use  of  man,  will  see  how  litt  le 
reason  there  is  to  distrust  human  ingenuity  in  any  part  of   a  subject  of  such  vit    a 


126  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

About  tiiis  time  I  left  the  neighborhood  of  Lexington,  settling  in  the  woods  on  the  Hi II 3  of 
Eagle  Creek,  where  I  hive  since  remained.  Bourbon  county  was  the  first  10  branch  oil'  from 
the  Lexington  organization,  and  hold  Shows  and  Fail's  tor  the  county.  Some  lew  years  after- 
wards several  oi  tlie  counties  formed  Societies  lor  themselves — Franklin,  Mercer,  Jefferson, 
and  others  not  now  recollected. 

All  01  the  agricultural  Societies,  Cattle  Shows  and  Fairs  in  Kentucky  and  Ohio,  prior  to 
the  year  10-iU,  oiiginated,  as  1  believe,  irom  tue  Society  formed  at  Lexington  in  itsie,  of 
whicli  Gov.  Suelby  was  President,  and  that  originated  iroui  the  two  Shows  g,oueu  up  by  me  in 
Iblb  and    lol7.  Respectfully, 

Grass  liinLs,  Kv.,  July  IS,  1856.  LEWIS  ^ANDERS. 

First  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society. — It  will  be  seen,  also, 
from  Mr.  Sanders'  letter,  that  to  Kentucky  belongs  the  honor  of  having 
organized  the  first  Slate  Agricultural  Society  ever  in  the  West,  and 
second  in  America  only  to  the  Berkshire  (Mass.)  Cou.ity  Agricultural 
Society,  established  by  iiilkannah  Watson  in  1811;  and  it  is  most  desi- 
rable ihat  the  history  oi' that  Society  should  be  placed  on  record.  Gov. 
Greenup,  in  one  of  his  messages,  had  recommended  the  agriculture  of 
Kentucky  to  Legislative  patronage,  and  we  mid  one  of'  our  early  and 
most  patriotic  Governors  was  the  tirst  President  ot  the  first  State  Ag- 
ricultural Society  in  Kentucky. 

This  Society  having  fallen  into  disuse,  for  many  years,  and  the  ben- 
efits of  it  being  still  remembered,  an  Agricultural  Convention  was  con- 
vened at  the  Capitoi  in  Frankfort,  on  the  3d  day  of  January,  i838,  for 
the  formation  oi  another  State  Agricultural  Society,  tne  history  of 
which  has  already  been  given. 

Early  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations. — Although 
the  two  tirst  State  Societies  thus  passed  from  existence,  they  were 
not  without  their  good  iruits.  (Jol.  Sanders  tells  u»  that  the  bourbon 
County  Agricultural  Society  was  wthe  first  branch  from  the  Lexington 
organization,"  but  it,  too,  like  the  parent  stem,  soon  withered  away, 
but  was  revived  after  many  years.  The  plan  upon  which  the  State 
Agricultural  Society  was  organized  in  1838,  exercised  a  favorable  in- 
fluence in  the  formation  of  new  Societies,  and  in  the  support  ot  those 
which  were  older  than  herself.  Twenty-six  County  Agricultural  and 
Mechanical  Societies,  besides  some  which  were  purely  Mechanical, 
were  in  operation  and  held  Fairs  annually  about  this  time,  and  some 
of  them  were  truly  flourishing  for  those  times. 

Music  at  Agricultural  fairs  was  first  recommended  by  Mr.  Solon 
Robinson,  in  an  article  in  au  agricultural  paper  in  Kentucky  in  1841  > 
and  the  suggestion  was  soon  alter  adopted  and  carried  into  effect  by 
the  Society  for  the  first  time. 


REPORT  OF  THE  127 

Fairs  First  attended  by  Lathes. — It  was  about  this  time,  too,  that 
a  great  step  in  agricultural  progress  was  made,  by  receiving  the  at- 
tendance of  ladies  at  the  Fairs.  This  was  effected  chiefly  by  offering 
premiums  for  the  products  of  female  industry  at  the  Fairs.  To  Bour- 
bon County  Agricultural  Society  is  due  the  credit  of  having  the  first 
general  attendance  of  Indies,  at  one  of  her  Fairs.  But  to  Mrs.  Vir- 
ginia Breckinridge,  of  Danville.  Ky.,  belongs  the  honor  of  being  the 
first  lady  to  attend  a  Fair  in  Kentucky. 

She  was  at  that  time  the  elegant  and  accomplished  widow  of  Mr. 
Alfred  Shelby,  and  of  course,  by  marriage,  the  daughter  of  Gov. 
Shelby,  who  was  the  first  President  of  the  first  State  Agricultural  Soci- 
ety in  the  west,  and  she  was  also  the  daughter  of  Col  Nathaniel  Hart 
who  was  one  of  the  judges  at  the  first  Fair  in  the  West,  and  was  also 
Chairman  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the  Second  State  Agricul- 
tural Society  of  Kentucky.  Mrs.  Shelby  was  then  residing  on  her  farm 
in  Lincoln  county,  Ky.,  and  was  herself  one  of  the  most  successful 
and  practical  farmers  in  Kentucky.  Considering  her  paternity,  it  is 
no  wonder  that  a  noble  spirit  for  agricultural  improvement  impelled 
her  to  higher  progress  in  her  profession.  She  was  an  exhibitor  of  fat 
cattle  at  the  second  Fair  of  the  Union  Agricultural  Society  of  Mercer, 
Lincoln  and  Garrard,  and  taking  a  lady  friend  (Mrs.  Crutcher.)  with 
her  in  her  carriage,  she  drove  to  the  grounds  and  witnessed  the  exhi- 
bition of  them,  under  the  escort  of  some  gentlemen  who  were  her  par- 
ticular friends. 

As  the  lady  of  Rev.  Dr.  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  she  yet  lives  to  witness 
an  entire  change  in  public  sentiment  on  this  subject;  and  nothing  has 
contributed  so  much  to  the  permanent  success  and  prosperity  of  our 
Agricultural  Exhibitions. 

That  our  agricultural  history  in  this  department  may  be  more  com- 
plete, a  brief  synopsis  of  the  Societies  of  that  day  is  herewith  an- 
nexed— an  imperfect  record — gathered  with  much  trouble  from  the 
agricultural  papers  of  that  day.  The  synopsis  is  given  in  the  alpha- 
betical order  of  the  names  of  the  Societies. 

Barren  County  Agricultural  Society.  B.  G.  Crump.  Secretary. 
Held  first  Fair,  one  day,  in  1839,  near  Glasgow,  and  awarded  fifteen 
premiums  to  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs. 

Buurbon  County  Agricultural  Society.  William  P.  Hume,  Presi- 
dent, Henry  C.  Hart,  Secretary.  Organized  in  1838,  and  has  held  an 
annual  Fair  ever  since,  and  is  the  oldest  Society  now  in  existence  in 
the  State. 


128  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Bullitt  County  Agricultural  Society.  Held  five  Fairs ;  one  of 
two  days,  in  1840. 

Caldwell  County  Agricultural  Society.  Held  two  Fairs.  At  one 
of  which,  in   1840,  twenty-three  premiums  were  given. 

Central  Association  of  Woodford  County.  Ben.  Harrison,  Presi- 
dent, H.  Wallace,  Secretary.  Held  her  first  Fair  in  1837,  and  annu- 
ally until  1841,  of  three  days  each.  At  the  last  Fair,  gave  thirty- 
eight  premiums,  in  all,  to  cattle,  sheep,  horses,  hogs,  farming  utensils, 
domestics,  mechanical  products  and  crops. 

Christian  County  and  Hopkinsville  Agricultural  Society.  Organ- 
ganized  February  1839.  John  P.  Campbell,  President,  A.  Stites,  Sec- 
retary. Held  her  second  Fair  in  1840,  and  offered  $375  in  premiums, 
among  which  was  a  $25  pitcher  to  J.  W.  Cook,  for  the  best  tobacco. 
Forty-four  premiums  were  conferred,  five  of  which  were  for  bed  quilts. 
Premiums  were  awarded  for  the  best  cattle,  sheep,  horses,  hogs  and 
asses.  A  premium  of  $10  was  given  to  W.  1).  Jones  for  the  best  acre 
of  corn,  making  twenty-five  barrels  and  a  half  bushel. 

Clarke  County  Agricultural  Society.  Dr.  S.  D.  Martin  Corres- 
ponding Secretary.  Held  her  first  Fair  in  September,  1838,  and  for 
four  years  consecutively,  of  two  days  each.  In  1840,  fifty  cattle  and 
fifty  hogs  were  shown,  and  one  of  the  hogs  weighed  nine  hundred  and 
sixty  pounds  gross.  Eleven  mules  were  shown  which  averaged  six- 
teen hands  high,  and  one  was  sixteen  and  a  half,  which  was  considered 
a  remarkable  improvement  in  size. 

Franklin  County  Agricultural  Society,  was  organized  in  1836. 
R.  W.  Scott,  President,  and  J.  C.  Herndon,  Secretary.  Held  five  an- 
nual Fairs  consecutively,  of  two  days  each,  at  which  public  addresses 
were  made;  and  besides,  for  all  the  usual  stock,  premiums  were  also 
granted  for  crops,  needle  work,  domestic  and  mechanical  manufac- 
tures. 

Gallatin,  Trimble,  Owen  and  Carroll  County  Agricultural  So- 
ciety. George  N.  Sanders  was  corresponding  Secretary.  Held  Fairs 
in  1839  and  1840,  of  two  days,  and  conferred  thirty-seven  premium 
cups,  for  all  the  usual  stock,  and  for  domestic  manufactures. 

Garrard  County  Agricultural  Society.  James  A.  Beazley,  Secre- 
tary. Held  Fairs  in  1840  and  1841,  and  conferred  thirty-six  premiums, 
for  all  the  usual  stock,  and  for  domestic  manufactures. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  129 

Green  County  Agricultural  Society  was  organized  in  1838.  W. 
B.  Allen,  Secretary.  Held  her  first  Fair  in  1838,  near  Greensburg,  of 
two  days,  and  gave  twenty-four  cups  to  stock  of  all  sorts,  and  to  do- 
mestic and  mechanical  productions. 

Green  River  or  Logan  County  Agricultural  Society.  J.  B.  Pey- 
ton, Secretary.  Held  her  first  Fair  near  Russellville,  in  1837,  and 
gave  twenty-four  premiums  to  cattle,  horses.,  asses,  &c.  This  was  the 
first  Fair  ever  held  south  of  Green  river. 

Harrison  County  Agricultural  Society  held  her  first  Fair  in  1841. 
was  President,  and was  Secretary.     She  held  one  Fair 


and  offered  premiums. 

Henry  County  Agricultural  Society  held  her  first  Fair  in  1838. 
S.  M.  Hunt,  President,  B.  Thomas,  Secretary.  A  speech  was  made, 
and  premiums  were  given  for  all  the  usual  stock,  and  also  to  William 
Smith,  for  the  best  crop  of  Baden  corn  of  twenty-two  and  a  half  bar- 
rels per  acre. 

Hopkins  County  Agricultural  Society  held  a  Fair  in  1840,  and  gave 
premiums  to  stock  of  all  the  usual  kinds. 

Jefferson  County  Agricultural  Society.  William  Mix  Rec.  Sec- 
retary. Held  Fairs  in  1839  and  1840,  and  offered  seventy-one  pre- 
miums to  all  the  usual  stock,  and  also  for  the  best  farm,  crops,  most 
manure,  and  best  agricultural  implements. 

Jessamine  County  Agricultural  Society.  Thomas  T.  Cogar,  Sec- 
retary. Held  a  Fair  in  1839,  near  Nicholasville-,  of  two  days,  and  gave 
thirty-three  premiums  of  $10  each,  to  horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs. 
In  1840,  premiums  were  given  to  best  crops  and  domestic  manufac- 
tures also. 

Kentucky  Agricultural  Association  at  Lexington.  Thomas  P. 
Hart,  Secretary.  Held  a  Fair  of  three  days  in  September,  1837,  and 
for  four  following  years.  Had  stock  sales,  and  gave  thirty-six  pre- 
miums to  all  the  usual  stock.  One  bullock  weighed  2,665  pounds, 
and  one  2,630  pounds,  gross,  and  their  weights  were  considered  as 
remarkable. 

Lincoln  County  Agricultural  Society.     William  Craig,  President, 
and  H.  J.  McRoberts,  Secretary.     Held  her  first   Fair  of  two  days,  in 
1838,  and    also  in  the  two    following   years,  and    conferred  forty-one 
9 


REPORT  OF  THE 

premiums  on   cattle,  sheep,   horses  and    hogs,  domestic  manufactures 
and  agricultural  implements. 

Madison  County  Agricultural  Society.  W.  S.  Irvine,  Secretary. 
Held  her  second  Fair  in  1837.  In  1838  she  held  a  Fair  of  two  days, 
and  gave  twelve  premiums  to  horses,  four  to  mules,  nine  to  asses, 
twelve  to  cattle,  one  to  sheep,  two  to  hogs,  and  two  to  domestics. 

Marion  County  Agricultural  Society,  formed  August,  1838,  at  which 
time  William  D.  Reed  made  an  address  before  the  Society. 

Mason  County  Agricultural  Society.  H.  Taylor,  Secretary,  Held 
her  first  Fair  in  1839,  and  gave  forty  premiums  to  the  usual  kinds  of 
stock,  and  to  domestic  manufactures  and  agricultural  implements. 

Mercer  County  Agricultural  Society,  formed  May,  1838.  Wil- 
liam Snail,  President,  James  Harlan  Corresponding  Secretary.  Held 
her  first  Fair  of  two  days,  in  September,  1840,  and  gave  thirty-two 
premiums  for  all  the  usual  objects — memorialized  the  Legislature  in 
behalf  of  Agricultural  Societies,  and  of  Agricultural  Education. 

Nelson  County  Agricultural  Society.  J.  R.  Montgomery,  Secre- 
tary. Held  a  Fair  near  Bloomfield,  in  two  days,  September,  1838, 
and  gave  twenty-nine  cups  to  all  the  usual  objects. 

Shelby  County  Agricultural  Society.  Charles  S.  Todd,  President, 
Ed.  C.  Payne,  Secretary.  \Held  Fairs  in  1837  and  1838.  Reorgan- 
ized and  held  a  Fair  in  1840.  James  D.  Allen,  President,  George  W. 
Johnston,  Secretary.     Gave  forty  premiums   to  all  the  usual  objectB. 

Todd  County  Agricultural  Society.  T.  M.  Ewing,  President,  B.  B. 
Roberts,  Secretary.  Held  a  Fair  in  October,  1838,  and  gave  thirty 
premiums  to  stock  of  the  usual  kinds,  and  to  domestic  manufactures. 
Some  of  the  cattle  were  imported. 

Union  Agricultural  Society  of  Mercer,  Lincoln  and  Garrard  Coun- 
ties. J.  H.  Irvine,  Secretary.  Organized  in  1833,  and  held  her 
fourth  Fair  near  Danville,  September,  1837,  in  two  days,  and  distrib- 
uted $350  in  premiums  to  all  the  usual  stock,  domestic  manufactures 
and  implements  of  agriculture.  It  was  at  one  of  these  Fairs  that 
Mrs.  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  then  Mrs.  Virginia  Shelby,  was  the  first  lady 
to  attend  a  Fair  in  Kentucky.  This  Society  also  held  a  Fair  in  1840, 
at  which  Hon.  Chilton  Allan,  President  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society,  made  a  public  address.  This  Society  claimed  to  be 
the  oldest  Society  then  existing  in  Kentucky. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  131 


REPORTS  OF    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL    AND    MECHANICAL   AS- 
SOCIATIONS FOR  1856. 


The  decline  of  many  of  the  early  Agricultural  Societies  did  not  show 
a  want  of  interest  in  the  object  of  them  so  much  as  a  desire  to  com- 
bine and  centralize,  for  higher  usefulness  and  greater  permanency.  It 
was  determined  that  these  should  be  fixed  institutions  of  the  people, 
for  all  time,  as  it  had  been  demonstrated  that  their  practical  utility,  to 
all  classes  and  professions,  was  of  the  greatest  extent  and  highest 
character.  Hence  they  must  have  not  only  a  "name,"  but  a  "local 
habitation"  also.  Refined  enjoyment  was  hereafter  to  be  coupled  with 
practical  utility  to  all  classes,  in  the  future  exhibitions  of  the  Societies; 
and  hence  grounds  were  to  be  purchased  and  inclosed;  cottages,  for 
the  accommodation  ot  ladies,  invalids,  and  children;  booths  for  re- 
freshments; stalls  for  stock,  and  amphitheatres,  in  which  the  vast  crowds 
who  should  attend,  would  be  comfortably  seated  and  securely  protect- 
ed from  sun  and  shower — all  were  to  be  erected,  of  a  permanent  char- 
acter, and  in  tasteful  style. 

For  these  purposes  the  friends  of  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  im- 
provement in  Kentucky  have  united  into  about  twenty-six  local  or 
County  Societies,  with  facilities  for  improvement  and  refined  enjoy- 
ment far  greater  than  are  possessed  by  any  portion  of  the  United  States, 
or  even  of  the  world.  They  are  the  great  chief  causes  of  success 
and  prosperity  to  the  agriculture  of  the  State,  sources  of  the  most 
rational  and  refined  enjoyment  to  her  citizens,  and  objects  of  becom- 
ing State  pride  and  reputation. 

In  their  establishment,  the  farmers  chiefly  have  invested  with  a  lib- 
eral hand,  and  the  dividends  are  open  to  all.  May  they  flourish  im- 
mensely, and  live  forever. 

At  an  early  period,  both  in  the  present  and  the  past  year,  a  printed 
circular  was  issued,  requesting  their  proceedings,  addresses  before 
them,  reports  of  their  fairs,  a  statement  of  their  improvements,  and  a 
short  historical  sketch  of  their  organization  and  progress. 

One  of  these  circulars,  together  with  a  written  letter  to  the  same 
purport,  was  sent  to  the  President  of  each  Society. 

Much  of  the  agricultural  history  of  the  State  is  connected  with  the 
early  history  of  these  Societies,  and  it  was  desirable  to  perpetuate  i^ 
by  giving  it  a  permanent  form  in  the  Report  of  the  State  Society. 


132  EEPORT  OF  THE 

The  plan  of  organization,  extent  and  cost  of  grounds,  and  buildings, 
(See.,  are  matters  of  much  interest,  which  should  be  published  for  the 
benefit  of  new  county  societies  which  are  yet  to  be  organized. 

A  book  which  will  contain  the  names  of  the  officers  of  all  the  local 
societies,  and  of  all  successful  competitors  for  premiums,  at  all  the  fairs, 
will  at  once  be  a  book  of  reference  for  all  the  principal  mechanics, 
farmers  and  stock  raisers  in  the  State,  and  will  be  valuable  to  buyers 
and  sellers  in  all  sorts  of  business  transactions. 

All  of  the  information  of  this  sort  which  could  be  obtained,  in  many 
instances  by  personal  solicitation,  is  published  herewith.  Many  of  the 
reports  will  be  found  highly  interesting  and  very  valuable. 

It  is  hoped  that  in  future  all  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Asso- 
ciations in  the  State  will  take  such  means  as  will  secure  a  full  report 
for  publication  in.  the  future  volumes  of  the  State  Society. 


BOURBON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Officers  of  the  Society. — B.  J.Clay,  President;  A.M.  Brown,  Sec- 
retary.    No  report  made. 

As  this  Society  relinquished  the  use  of  her  Fair  Grounds  to  the  State 
Society  in  1856,  and  held  no  Fair  in  that  year,  a  full  report  of  her  histo- 
ry and  transactions  are  given  in.  the  second  part  of  this  book. 


CENTRAL   KENTUCKY    STOCK,    AGRICULTURAL    AND  MECHANICAL    ASSO- 
CIATION. 

It  is  regretted  that  of  this  well  organized  Society,  all  which  can  now 
be  presented  is  the  Board  of  Officers,  and  awards  for  1856,  together 
with  some  remarks  by  the  Danville  Tribune  in  relation  to  the  fair. 

Officers  of  the  Association. — James  S.  Hopkins,  President;  J.  B. 
Akin,  Secretary;  Alex.  H.  Sneed,  Assistant  Secretary;  J.  R.  Weisiger, 
Treasurer;  John  Whelan,  of  Boyle,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  of  Lincoln,  J.  P. 
Maxwell,  of  Marion,  Wm.  Cook,  of  Mercer,  It.  M.  Robinson,  of  Gar- 
rard, and  S.  C.  Brown,  of  Washington,  Vice-Presidents;  I.  P.  Fisher, 
of  Boyle,  W.  L,  Tarkington,  of  Boyle,  J.  P.  Reed,  of  Boyle,  Richard 
Givens,  of  Lincoln,  D.  W.  Jones,  of  Boyle,  Thos.  Lillard,  of  Boyle, 
R.  M.  Davis,  of  Mercer,  and  J.  S.  Hopkins,  of  Garrard,  Directors. 

The  Danville  Tribune,  in  closing  its  notice  of  the  Fair,  says: 

"  We  understand  that  it  is  the  design  of  the  Association  to  erect  a  caoimoiious  amphithea- 
tre before  their  next  lair,  and  that  a  large  part  of  the  money  to  secure  that  object  has  already 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  133 

been  subscribed.  This  will,  of  course,  not  only  add  very  greatly  to  the  comfort  of  all  who  at- 
tend the  fairs,  but  will  also  give  the  Association  a  better  standing  abroad,  thus  greatly  en- 
hancing the  number  of  spectators,  and  the  number  of  entries  of  stock,  and  as  a  consequence 
giving  an  increased  interest  and  attraction  to  the  annual  exhibitions.  The  people  of  this  por- 
tion of  the  State  are  well  able  to  have  as  handsomely  improved  fair  grounds  as  are  those  of 
any  other  part  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  we  certainly  have  here  as  tine  stock  to  exhibit  as 
have  any  of  the  neighboring  sections.  We  are  gratified,  therelore,  to  learn  that  our  Associa- 
tion is  about  to  make  the  necessary  improvements  iu  order  to  render  their  grounds  equal  to 
thosa  of  similar  societies  elsewhere." 

The  full  list  of  Premiums  awarded  we  publish  below: 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  five  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Oldham,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  seven  entries,  Mrs-  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.   A.  Irvine,  certificate. 

White  Flannel,  three  entries,  Mrs. 'Ann  M.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  D.  Meyer,  certifi- 
cate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  fi"e  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  M.  Caldwell,  certificate. 

Plain  Linsey,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  Miry  A.  Noel,  certificate. 

Pair  Blankets,  strictly  home  made,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Ann  M.  Caldwell,  premium:  Mrs. 
Richard  Givens,  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  six  entries,  Miss  Isabella  Caldwell,  premium ;  Mrs.  Gillmore,  certificate. 

Half  Hose,  thirteen  entries,  Mrs.  Gillmore,  1st  premium;   Mrs.  Goodloe,  2d  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  five  entries,  Mrs.  F    M.  Murphy,  premium;  Miss  Mary  Hopkins,  certificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  three  entries,  Miss  Mary  Yantis,  premium;  Miss  Fleece  Batterton,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  fourteen  entries,  Mrs.  J.  Elkiri,  premium;   Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  certificate. 

Gentleman's  Coat,  made  by  a  lady,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Joseph  Jackson,  premium;  Miss  J.  H. 
Yantis,  certificate. 

Specimen  of  Needlework,  fourteen  entries,  Miss  Mag  Hopkins,  premium. 

Shirt,  by  a  lady,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Jas.  Garret,  premium;   Miss  Yantis,  certificate. 

Shirt,  by  a  girl  under  13  years,  two  entries,  Miss  Mary  Akin,  premium;  Miss  Rochester, 
certificate. 

Specimen  of  Embroidery,  twenty  two  entries,  Miss  Kate    Farral,  premium. 

Pair  Mits  or  Goves,  three  entries,  Miss  Isabella  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  Depeau,  certi- 
ficate. 

Pair  Gentlemen's  Boots,  N.  Sandifer,  premium. 

Gaiter  Boots,  by  a  lady,  four  entries,  Mrs.  N.  Sandifer.  premium;  Miss  Young,  certificate. 

Fur  Hat   J.  H.Edelen,  premium. 

Silk  Hat,  J.  H.  Edelen,  premium. 

Wool  Hat,  J.   II.  Edelen,  premium. 

Carriage,  two  entries,  S.  E.  Farrand,  premium;  Courtney  &,  Cochran,  certificate. 

Rockaway,  two  entries,  S.  E    Farrand,  premium;  Courtney  &   Cochran,  certificate. 

Buggy,  three  entries,  S.  E.  Farrand,  premium;   A.  B.  Grubb,  certificate. 

Gentleman's  Saddle  and  Bridle,  W.  F.  Webb,  premium. 

Side  Sole  Leather,  S   S.  Moore,  premium  and  certificate 

Side  Upper  Leather,  S.  S.  Moore,  premium  and  certificate. 

Side  Harness  Leather,  S.  S.  Moore,  premium  and  certificate. 

DAIRY,  ETC. 

Butter,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  F.  Adams,  premium,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Washington,  certificate. 
Cheese,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  premium  and  certificate. 

Light  Wheat  Bread,  ten  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Mitchell,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  cer- 
tificate. 

Light  Corn  Bread,  five  entries,  Mrs.  M.   A.  Noel,  premium;  Mrs   Sarah  Lyle,  certificate. 
Cooked  Ham,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Sarah  Lyle,  premium  ;  Mrs.  M.  Craig,  certificate. 
Saddle  Mutton,  cooked,  Mrs.  A    Irvine,  premium. 
Barrel  Flour,  F.  Burks,  premium. 

VEGETABLES,    FRUITS,    ETC. 

Sweet  or  Yam  Potatoes,  seven  entries,  H.   Bruce,  premium;  W.  B.  Noel,  certificate. 

Irish  Potatoes,  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cabbage,  five  entries.  F.  Harris,  premium,   Mrs.  M.  G.  Kincaid,  certificate. 

Variety  of  Vegetables,  nine  entries,  Morgan  Vance,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Duke,  certificate. 

Variety  of  Apples,  F.  Harris,  premium. 

Quinces,  three  entries,  A.  H.  Sneed,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  W.  Caldwell,  certificate. 

Plums,  Dr.  T.  R.  Dunlap,  premium. 

Kentucky  Wine,  three  entries,  A.  II.  Sneed,  premium  and  certificate. 

Watermelons,  five  entries,  J.  R.  Lyle,  premium;  M.  Vance,  certificate. 


134 


REPORT  OF  1HE 


GRAIN,   SEED,    ETC. 

One  bushel  Wheat,  seven  entries,  W.  Stewart,  premium;  J.  C.  McAfee,  certificate. 

One  bushel  of  Corn,  three  entries,  J.  Heath,  premium;   Wm.  Stewart,  certifi  ate. 

One  bushel  of  Oats,  four  entries,  Wm.   Thompson,  premium;  Dr.  J.  M     Meyer,  certificate. 

Hemp,  50  lbs.  two  entries,  W.  A.  Cook,  premium;  J.  J.  &  W.  G    Craig,  certificate. 

One  bushel  Clover  Seed,  F.  Harris,  premium. 

One  bushel  of  Timothy  Seed,  two  entries,  F.  Harris,  premium;  D.  R.  Caldwell,  certificate. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  Brahma  Pootra  Fowls,  eight  entries,  Fred  Harris,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  M.  Talbott,  cer- 
tificate. 

Pair  Dorkins,  Miss  S    Rochester,  premium. 

Pair  Shanghais,  four  entries,  W.  T.  Currv,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Cochin  China,  (our  entries,  VV.  T  Currv,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Sumatra  Game,  two  entries.  Jeff  Dunn,  premium  and  certificate. 

Variety  Coop,  three  entries,  J.  K.  Bishop,  premium;  Fred  Harris,  certificate. 

FLOWERS. 

Handsomest  Boquet,  five  entries,  Miss  N.  Daniel,  premium;  G.  H.  Withers,  certificate. 

Handsomest  Floral  Design,  two  entries,  G.  H.  Withers,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  A.  Daniel,  cer- 
tificate. 

Largest  and  handsomest  display  of  Flowers,  two  entries,  G.  H.  Withers,  premium;  Miss 
Mary  Hopkins,  certificate. 

Plow,  two  horse  Stubble,  George  Boone,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HOGS. 

Aged  Boar,  ten  entries,  Cook  &  Snead,  premium;  M.  N.  &  P.  Depeau,  certificate. 
Aged  Sow,  fourteen  entries,  W.  I.  Moberly,  premium;  J.  W.  Irvine,  certificate. 
Boar  under  six  months  old,  eight  entries,  T.  Ball,  premium;  J.  W.  Irvine,  certificate. 
Sow  under  six  months  old,  twelve  entries,  J.  W.  Irvine,  premium  and  certificate. 
Fatted  Hog,  J.  M.  McFerran,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  five  entries,  W.D.  Irvine,  premium;  Beatty  Logan,  certificate. 
Long  Wool  Ewe,  four  entries,  B  &  Jesse  Dunn,  premium;  W.  A.Cook,  certificate. 
Pair  Long  Wool  Lambs,  Benjamin  &  Jesse  Dunn,  premium;  W.  H.  Smith,  certificate. 
Middle  Wool  Buck,  six  entries,  W.  A.  Cook,  premium;  W.  L.  Caldwell,  certificate. 
Middle  Wool  Ewe,  six  entries,  Wm.  Thompson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Pair  Middle  Wool  Lambs,  William  Thompson,  premium. 
Fine  Wool  Buck,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  premium. 

Fine  Wool  Ewe,  five  entries,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  premium;  J.  W.  Caldwell,  certificate. 
Five  fatted  Sheep,  four  entries,  B.  Logan,  premium;  W.  A.  Cook,  certificate. 

BLOODED    CATTLE. 

Bull,  aged,  three  entries,  John  Baughman,  premium;  R   C.  Williamson,  certificate. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  James  Bentley,  premium;  P.  B.  Mason,  cer- 
tificate. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  D.  W.  Jones,  premium:  W.  A.  Cook,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull,  under  one  year,  eight  entries,  D.  W.  Jones,  premium,  H.  Baughman,  certificate. 

Cow,  aged,  nine  entries,  Morgan  Vance,  premium;  William  Thompson,  certificate. 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  M.  P.  Logan,  premium;  P.  M.  Talbott,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  nine  entries,  Morgan  V".  Smith,  premium;  William  Thomp- 
son, certificate. 

Heifer  Calf,  fourteen  entries,  I  P.  Fisher,  premium;  D.  W.  Jones,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Bulls,  all  ages,  D.  W.  Jones,  premium;  John  Baughman,  certificate. 

Cows,  all  ages,  fifteen  entries,  A.  H.  Snead,  premium;  N.  J.  Shropshire,  certificate. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Bullock,  three  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  premium;  J.  W.  Caldwell, 
certificate. 

Bullock,  two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  D.  W.  Jones,  premium;  Isaac  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  premium.  J.  W.  Caldwell, 
certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  1345 

Fat  Cow,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  Isaac  Shelby,  premium. 

Oxen  of  any  age,  seven  entries,  George   Shackelford,  premium;  Malcolm  Gill,  certificate. 
Independent  Ring,  three   year  old  Bullock,    three  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  premium;  D.  W. 
Jones,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  W.  G.  Hardin,  premium;  W- 
L.  Caldwell,  certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  J.W.  Grigsby,  premium  ;  Kincaid 
&  Weisiger,  certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  W.  W.Owsley,  premium;  R.  M. 
Davis,  certificate- 
Blooded  Stallion,  under  one  year,  John  Kincaid,  premium. 

Blooded  Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  six  entries,  J.  G.  Montague,  premium;  Joseph 
Weisiger,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  premium. 

Blooded  Mare,  under  one  year,  J.  C.  Montague,  premium. 

Sir  Elliott  Colt,  (W.  H.  Caldwell's  premium,)  twelve  entries,  W.  B.  Noel,  premium;  H.  S. 
McGinnis,  certificate. 

Oliver  Colt,  (S.  Davenport's  premium,)  nine  entries,  J.  Kincaid,  premium;  A.  D.  Meyer, 
certificate. 

HORSES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  ten  entries,  S.  P.  Blood,  premium;  Muson  R.  Henry, 
certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  T.  K.  Salter,  premium;  James  Williamson, 
certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  James  Wilson,  premium;  0.  W.  Jones,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  fifteen  entries,  John  H.  Moore,  ("Col.  J.  S.  Williams,")  premium;. 
John  H.  Parrott,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  seventeen  entries,  John  H.  Moore,  (Miss  Bland  Broadhead) 
premium;  Mrs.  D.  Hudson,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  eight  entries,  Milton  McCann,  premium;  A.  Gentry,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  nine  entries,  Beatty  Logan,  premium;  J.  C.  Montague,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  underone  year,  twelve  entries,  John  H.  Moore,  (Miss  Kate  Mahan,)  premium;  J. 
J.  Smith,  certificate. 

Draft  Mare,  eight  entries,  James  Heath,  premium;  Dr.  J.  R.  Hughes,  certificate. 

HORSES    FOR   THE    SADDLE. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,  four  entries,  D.  Nicholas,  premium;  D.  W.  Jones,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  John  T.  Ewing,  premium;  Dr.  J.  R. 
Weisiger,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  Jas.  Oldham,  premium;  John  R.  Lyle,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  eight  entries,  Malcolm  Gill,  premium;   H.  S.  McGinnis,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  fifteen  entries,  P.  M.  Talbott,  premium;  D.  N.  Heath, 
certificate. 

Mare, two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  N.  T.  Lee, premium,  Fred  Harris,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  J.  S.  Bentley,  certi- 
ficate. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  eleven  entries,  Milton  Rogers,  premium;  W.  I.  Moberly,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Horses,  all  ages,  twenty-five  entries,  S.  P.  Blood,  premium;  M.  R.  Henry,  certificate. 
Mares,  all  ages,  twenty  two  entries,   John  H.  Moore,  (Miss    Bland    Broadhead,)  premium; 
J.  D.  Terhune,  certificate. 

Colt,  J.  H.  Moore,  (Col.  John  S.  Williams,)  premium  and  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

JACK   STOCK. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upwrrds,  five  entries,  J.  &  D.  N.  Heath,  premium;  S.  C.  Brown» 
certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  seven  entries,  Thomas  Robinson,  premium;  D.  A.  Knox, 
certificate. 


136  REPORT  OF  THE 

Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  F.  McGinnis,  premium;  J.  G.  Hardy,  certificate. 

Jack,  under  one  year,  eight  entries,  T.  iYI.  Buford,  premium  and  certificate. 

Jennet,  three  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  premium;  D.A.Knox, 
certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  seven  entries,  J.  Spalding,  premium;  W.  &  H.  Mitchell, 
certificate. 

Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  six  entries,  Dudley  Tribble,  premium;  W.  L.  Tarkington, 
certificate. 

Jennet,  under  one  year,  four  entries,  G.  M.  Proctor,  premium;  W.  L.  Tarkington,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Jacks,  all  ages,  six  entries,  Thomas  Robertson,  premium;  D.  A.  Knox,  certificate. 
Jennets,  all  ages,  Dudley  Tribble,  premium;  G.  M.  Proctor,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Pair  Harness  Mules,  four  entries,  A.  Buford,  premium;  E.  S.  Davidson,  certificate. 

Mule,  two  years  and  upwards,  John  ti.  Moore  &  Co.,  (Patsy.)  premium;  N.  T.  Lee,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  premium;  D.  N.  Heath,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year,  three  entries,  W.  Duke,  premium ;  E.  D.  Pennington,  certificate. 

Horse  Mule,  under  one  year,  four  entries,  Blake  Arnold,  premium;  H.  E.  Owsley,  certificate. 

HARNESS    AND    SADDLE    HORSES. 

Pair  of  Carriage  Horses,  four  entries,  J.  R.  Lincoln,  premium;  E.  R.  Smith,  certificate. 
Pair  Carriage  Mares,  three  entries,  A.  Cohen,  premium;  F.  Thompson,  certificate. 
Buggy  Horse,  nine  entries,  D.  N.  Heath,  premium;  T.   Bowman,  certificate. 
Buggy  Mare,  two  entries,  John  H.  Moore,  'Miss  Lizzie   Wolf,   of   Philadelphia,)  premium; 
R.  Ashurst,  certificate. 
Saddle  Horse,  twenty  three  entries,  A.  H.  Bowman,  premium;  G.  G.  Carpenter,  certificate. 
Saddle  Mare,  sixteen  entries,  T.  Bowman,  premium;  Alex.  Ryan,  certificate. 

PREMIUMS    OF    MERIT. 

Mrs.  W.  L  Caldwell,  candles;  Mrs.  Ann  M.  Caldwell,  Diaper  and  Linen;  Mrs.  Martha 
Duncan,  Needlework  and  Embroidery;  Miss  Ann  Giveus,  Fancy  Needlework;  Miss  R.  A. 
Meyer,  Shoes;  S.  S.  Moore,  Leather;  Miss  Hannah  Daviess,  Wax  Flowers;  Mrs.  S.  W.  Cald- 
well, Table  Linen;  Miss  Oldham,  Silk  Vest;  Mrs.  W.  Duke,  Dress;  Miss  Martha  Weisiger, 
Worsted  Quilt;  Miss  Nannie  Watson,  Embroidery;  Mrs.  M  Craig,  Cake;  Miss  M.  Withers, 
Fancy  Work;  Mrs.  Jo.  Weisiger,  Needlework;  Miss  Meyer,  Cotton  Quilt;  Miss  M.  Weisiger, 
Needlework;  Mrs.  A.  D.  Williams,  Looking  Glass  Frames:  Miss  Ann  Williamson,  Framed 
Pictures;  Mrs.  A.  D.  Williamson,  Fancy  work;  Miss  M.  Weisiger,  Sleeves;  Miss  A.  William- 
son, Table  Linen;  Mrs.  James  Oldham,  Table  Linen;  Miss  Mary  Akin,  Collar. 


CHRISTIAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 
This,  a  promising  young  Society,  organized  and  held  her  first  fair  in 
1856.  The  grounds  of  the  Society  are  located  near  to  Hopkinsville, 
and  all  suitable  improvements  are  in  progress.  Mr.  Thomas  Green  is 
President,  and  Mr.  Isaac  Lewis  is  Secretary.  A  full  report  is  promised 
for  next  year. 


CLARKE  COUNTY  HORSE  AND  MULE  IMPROVIMG  ASSOCIATION. 

Officers  of  the  Association. — Judge  James  H.  G.  Bush,  President; 
Col.  John  H.  Moore,  A.  C.  Barrow,  Thomas  W.  Lewis,  Vice  Presidents; 
Wm.  H.  Winn,  Secretary;  Daniel  Smith,  Robert  S.  Taylor,  James  R. 
Wornall,  Tandy  Quisenberry,  Sr.,  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Harrison  Thomp- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  137 

son,  Thomas  G.  Sudduth,  James  T.   Locknane,  Thomas   H.   Goff,  Dr. 

Wm.  H.  Cunningham,  John  Vivian,  John  W.  Hunt,  Directors. 

First  exhibition  held  August  29th  and  30th,    1856,   at  Winchester, 

Kentucky. 

FIRST  DAY. 

STALLIONS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  J.  H.  Webster,  ot  Fayette  county,  premium; 
James  Price,  of  Clarke  county,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  vears  old  and  under  four,  Enoch  R.  Smith,  of  Fayette  county,  premium; 
Jacob  Baker,  of  Clarke  county,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Solomon  Lowe,  of  Fayette  county,  premium;  Wm. 
Lewis,  of  Clarke  county,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  W.  V.  Cromwell,  of  Fayette  county,  premium;  Joseph 
Falkner,  of  Fayette  county,  certificate. 

Best  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  for  all  purposes,  Mrs.  Mary  Strode,  of  Clarke  county, 
premium;  Joseph  Graves,  of  Fayette  county,  certificate. 

BROOD   MARES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Best  Mare,  fonr  years  old  and  upwards,  Col.  John  H.  Moore,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Mrs 
Mary  Strode,  of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  Alfred  Romar,  of  New  Orleans,  premium;  C.  C.  Nutter,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Thomas  Coons,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Jas.  Stipp,  of  Clarke, 
certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  James  Stipp,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Charles  S.  Locknane,  Jr., 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  for  all  purposes,  John  H.  Moore,  of  Clarke,  premium; 
Joseph  Graves,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

STALLIONS  FOR    SADDLF.. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  Wm.  C.  Vanmeter,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Charles  Talbot,  of 
Bourbon,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  Horace  Benton,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  no  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  W.  V.  Cromwell,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Joseph  Graves,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

BROOD    MARES    FOR    SADDLE. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  Logan  Railey,  of  Woodford,  premium;  C.  V.  Talbot,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  Henry  Hedge,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Samuel  Muir,  of  Fayette, 
certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Thomas  Lewis,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Noah  Ferguson,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

GELDINGS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  Thomas  Bowman,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Silas  Evans,  of  Fay  - 
ette,  certificate. 

Trhee  years  old  and  under  four,  Henry  Nicholds,  of  Harrison,  premium;  James  R.  Wornall, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Robert  Nutter,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Isaac  F.  Cook,  of 
Montgomery,  certificate. 

Best  Buggy  Mare  in  Harness,  Solomon  Lowe,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Colby  T.  Quisenberry, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

GELDINGS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  John  Hildreth,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Joseph  Graves,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Lunsford  Talbot,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Isaac  Smith,  of 
Clarke,  certificate. 

PAIRS    OF    HORSES. 

Best  pair  of  Horses  in  Harness,  John  K.  Lincoln,  of  Fayette,  premium;  E.  J.  Smith,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  pairs  of  Mares  in  Harness,  Ambrose  D.  Young,  of  Woodford,  premium;  Thompson  B  . 
Fields,  of  Jessamine,  certificate. 


138  REPORT  OF  THE 

SECOND   DAY. 

BLOODED    STALLIONS. 

Three  years  old  and  upwards,  Daniel  Smith,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Horace  Benton,  of  Bour- 
bon, certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  David  Hathaway,  of  Montgomery,  premium;  no  certificate. 
One  year  old  and  under  two,  Thomas  Lewis,  of  Clarke,  premium;  no  entries  for  certificate. 

BLOODED    MARES. 

Three  years  old  and  upwards,  James  H.  G.  Bush,  of  Clarke,  premium;  James  Price,  of 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  no  entries. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Harrison  Thompson,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Thomas  G.  Sudduth, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

SADDLE    HORSE    AND    MARE. 

Gelding  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Robert  Prewitt,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Logan  Railey 
Woodford,  certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Noah  Ferguson, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  any  age,  George  Lunceford  Chiles,  of  Fayette,  premium;  John  Larrimore,  of 
Madison,  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  of  any  age,  Jacob  Hughes,  of  Fayette,  premium;  George  Lunceford  Chiles,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  of  any  age,  Charles  Harris,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Noah  Ferguson,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

MULES. 

Best  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  either  sex,  Rogers  &  Lindsay, of  Bourbon, premium; 
Benjamin  Taul,  of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  either  sex,  Samuel  Muir,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Harvey 
Rice,  of  Bourbon,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  either  sex,  Dory  Veal,  of  Fayette,  premium;  no  certificate. 

MULE    COLTS. 

Best  sucking  Mare  Mule  Colt,  Andrew  Wilson,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Samuel  S.  Calmes, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  Horse  Mule  Colt,  Lewis  &  Wilson,  of  Bourbon  and  Clarke,  premium;  Simpson  Willis, 
of  Claike,  certificate. 

HARNESS    MULES. 

Best  single  broke  Mule,  in  harness,  either  sex,  Craig  &  Kennedy,  of  Lexington,  premium; 
W.  Hal  ley  Smith,  of  Montgomery,  certificate. 

Best  pair  of  Mules,  in  harness,  either  sex,  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Philip 
Judy,  of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Five  best  two  year  old  Mules,  fattened  by  one  man,  Harrison  Thompson,  of  Clarke,  premium 
and  cetificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion,  any  age,  Solomon  Lowe,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Horace  Benton,  of  Bourbon, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  any  age,  John  H.  Moore,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Ambrose  D.  Young,  of  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  any  age,  J.  K.  Lincoln,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Henry  Nieholds,  of  Harrison, 
certificate. 

The  premiums  awarded  were  all  silver  cups.     The  sweepstakes  were  silver  goblets. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  139 

CRAB  ORCHARD  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 
No  Report  has  been   received  from  this  Society.     The  following  ac- 
count of  the  Fair  was  taken   from  the  Danville  Tribune: 

FIRST  DAY. 

Bilk  Quilt,  three  entries,  Mrs.  T.  Curry,  Harrodsburg,  premium;  Mrs.  V.  H.  Moss,  cer- 
tificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  three  entries,  Miss  M.  D.  Yantis,  Lancaster,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Mc- 
Allister, Lincoln,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Murphy,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  M.J.  Elkin,  Gar- 
rard, certificate. 

Pair  of  Blankets,  two  entries,  Mrs  A.  I.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  Doty,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  five  entries,  Mr3  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Plain  Linsey,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fine  Jeans,  six  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  John  S.  Murphy, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  four  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  L.  H.  Bryant, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

White  Klannel,  three  entries,  Mrs.  A.  I.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Owsley,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Tow  Linen,  Mrs  A.  I.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium. 

Flax  Linen,  two  entries,  Mrs.  James  Oldham,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  I.  Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Pair  Hose,  five  entries,  Mrs.  James  Blythe,  Madison,  premium  and  certificate. 

Yarn  Carpet,  four  entries,  Mrs.  James  Blythe,  Madison,  premium;  Mrs.  Levi  Hubble,  Pu- 
laski, certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  three  entries,  Miss  Margaret  Daugherty,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  S. 
Adams,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Gent's  Coat,  made  and  pressed  by  a  lady,  two  entries,  Miss  Margaret  Daugherty,  Crab 
Orchard,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  A.  Yantis,  Lancaster,  certificate. 

Gent's  Saddle  and  Bridle,  James  Beddow,  Crab  Orchard,  premium  and  certificate. 

Side  Sole  Leather,  six  entries,  J.  S.  Murphy,  Lincoln,  premium;  B.  &  W.  Beard,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Side  Upper  Leather,  eight  entries,  J.S.  Murphy,  Lincoln,  premium;  W.  T.  Stephenson, 
Crab  Orchard,  certificate. 

Harness  Leather,  six  entries,  William  Beard,  Garrard,  premium;  J.  S.  Murphy,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Boots  and  Shoes,  N.  Sandifer,  Lancaster,  premium  and  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

Honey,  Mrs.  A.  B.  Foley,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Butter,  Mrs.  A.  McRoberts,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Cheese,  three  entries,  Mrs.  James  Blythe,  Madison,  premium;  Mrs.  Eliza  Roberts,  Lie- 
coin,  certificate. 

Boiled  Ham,  Mrs.  William  M.  Garnett,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Saddle  of  Mutton,  Mrs.  Hiram  Roberts,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  N.  G.  Shropshire,  Gar- 
rard, certificate. 

Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  four  entries,  Mrs.  A.  McRoberts,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  Sally  A. 
Higgins,  Crab  Orchard,  certificate. 

Loaf  Corn  Bread,  Mrs.  A.  McRoberts,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,  three  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  James  McAllister, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  Mrs.  Coleman  Stigall,  Pulaski,  premium. 

Cabbage,  Mrs    John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Hogs — Aged  Boar,  James  Crow,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Aged  Sow,  4  entries,  Hendley  Middleton,  Lincoln,  premium;  M.  J.  Harris,  Lincoln,  cer- 
tificate. 

Boar  Pigs,  Spears  Fisber,  Lincoln,  premium ;  M.  V.  Smith,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Sow  Pigs,  Spears  Fisher,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fatted  Hog,  three  entries,  Hiram  Roberts,  Lincoln,  premium;  James  McAllister,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Sheep — Best  Buck,  three  entries,  W.  M.  Garnett,  Lincoln,  premium;  A.  B.  Foley,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Best  Ewe,  Benjamin  &   Jesse  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium  and  certificate. 


140  REPORT  OF  THE 

Pair  Lambs,  two  entries,  Benjamin  &  Jesse  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium;  A.  Cavanaugh,  Gar- 
rard, certificate. 

Best  Shod  Horse,  five  entries,  James  Mershon,  Lincoln,  premium;  D.N.  Heath,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

Jack,  aged,  four  entries,  S.  C.Brown,  Washington,  premium;  J.  &  D.  N.  Heath,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  old,  five  entries,  Thomas  Robertson,  Lincoln,  premium;  D.  A.  Knox,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Jack,  one  vear  old,  four  entries,  Robert  Ray,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  H.  &  B.  F.  Beasley, 
Garrard,  certificate. 

Jack  Colt,  five  entries,  J.  M.  Hail,  Pulaski,  premium;  H.  P.  &  H.  B.  Middleton,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Jennet,  aged,  two  entries,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  D.  A.  Knox,  Boyle,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jennet,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  Fred.  Adams,  Garrard,  premium;  Thomas  K.  Salter, 
Garrard,  certificate 

Jennet,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  G.  Thurman, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Jennet  Colt,  four  entries,  George  M.  Proctor,  Boyle,  premium;  A.  Buford,  Crab  Orchard, 
certificate. 

Mules,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  A.  Pollard,  Garrard,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old,  nine  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  William  Duke,  Boyle,  cer- 
tificate. 

Sucking  Horse  Colt,  five  entries,  Roy  Stewart,  Lincoln,  premium;  Henry  E.  Owsley,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Socking  Mare  Colt,  three  entries,  Roy  Stewart,  Lincoln,  premium;  D.  N.  Heath,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Pair  of  Mules,  three  entries,  A.  Buford,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  E  Davidson,  Washing- 
ton, certificate. 

Bull,  aged,  four  entries,  John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  R.  Gentry,  Lincoln,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull,  two  years  old,  three  entries,  James  Bentley,  Lincoln,  premium;  James  BIythe,  Madi- 
son, certificate. 

Bull,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  W .  Mounce,  Lincoln,  premium;  Roy  Stewart  &  A.  Beas- 
ley, Lincoln,  certificate. 

Bull  Calf,  six  entries,  John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  Joseph  Gentry,  Lincoln,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  aged,  three  entries,  A.  H.  Sneed,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  Mounce,  Lincoln,  certifi- 
cate. 

Cow,  two  years  old,  A.  Pollard,  Garrard,  premium. 

Cow,  one  year  old,  three  entries,  M.  V.  Smith,  Lincoln,  premium;  T.  W.  Varnon,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Heifer  Calf,  six  entries,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium;  Overton  H.  Gentry,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Fatted  Cattle,  two  entries,  J.  Warren    Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  entries,  Malcolm  Gill,  Garrard,  premium;  P.  &.  M.  V.  Smith,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

Blooded  Stallion,  aged,  three  entries,  W.  G.  Hardin,  Nashville,  Tennessee,  premium;  M. 
F.  Embry,  Madison,  certificate. 

Sucking  Colt,  two  entries,  Malcolm  Gill,  Garrard,  premium;  John  Kincaid,  Boyle,  certifi- 
cate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  old,  Kincaid  &  Weisiger,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  W.  W.  Owsley,  Lincoln,  premium;  M.  F. 
Embry,  Madison,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  aged,  four  entries,  Thomas  K.  Salter,  Garrard,  premium;  J  Warren  Grigs- 
by. Lincoln,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  John  S.  Farris,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  A.  J. 
Read,  Rockcastle,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  old,  Thomas  S.    Redd,  Fayette,  premium  and  certificate. 

Aged  Stallion  for  Harness,  five  entries,  Mason  R.  Henry,  Woodford,  premium;  Dennis 
Nicholas,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Two  year  old  Stallion  for  Harness,  two  entries,  John  T.  Ewing,  Madison,  premium;  Thos. 
K.  Salter,  Garrard,  certificate. 

One  year  old  Stallion  for  Harness,  seven  entries,  James  Miller,  Lincoln,  premium;  James 
Oldham,  Lincoln,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


141 


Sucking  Stud  Colts,  eleven  entries,  John  H.  Parrot,  Washington,  premium;  Malcolm  Gill, 
Garrard,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare  for-  Harness,  aged,  ten  entries,  C.  Rodes,  Danville,  premium;  Malcolm  Gill, 
Garrard,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  two  years  old,  four  entries,  A.  Gentry,  Lincoln,  premium;  A.  Burton,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  one  year  old,  five  entries,  F.  Denny,  Garrard,  premium;  D.  R.  Caldwell, 
Lincoln,    certificate. 

Sucking  Mare  Colts,  five  entries,  H.  E.  Owsley,'  Lincoln,  premium;  A.  Pollard,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Finest  aged  Stallion,  two  entries,  J.  H.  Jones,  Mercer,  premium;  S.  Doty,  Garrard,  cer- 
tificate. 

Saddle  Horse  or  Mare,  fourteen  entries,  M.  F.  Embry,  Madison,  premium;  James  T.  Den- 
ny, Garrard,    certificate. 

Buggy  Horse  or  Mare,  five  entries,  Scott  Brown,  Frankfort,  premium;  D.  N.  Heath,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Pair  Harness  Horses  or  Mares,  G.  Elkin,  Garrard,  premium;  N.  T.  Lee,  Bojle,  certifi- 
cate 

Draft  Stallion,  Horse  or  Mare,  five  entries,  John  Myers,  Lincoln.,  premium  ;  J.  Warren 
Grigsby,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Finest  John  M.  Clayton  Colt,  W.  Higgins,  Lincoln;  premium. 

PREMIUMS    OF    MERIT, 

On  Needle  Work,  were  awarded  to  Mrs.  James  Blythe,  of  Madison;  Miss  Bell  Read,  of 
Crab  Orchard;  Miss  Miry  F  Blythe,  of  Midison,  Mrs.  Roy  Stewart,  of  Lincoln;  Miss  Mary 
Adams,  of  Garrard;  Mrs.  McCormack,  of  Garrard;  Mrs.  J.  Weisiger,  of  Boyle;  Miss  Eliza- 
beth Bobbitt,  of  Pulaski;  Mrs.  Sally  A.  Higgins,  of  Crab  Orchard;  Mrs.  A.  1.  Caldwell,  of 
Boyle,  (on  half  hose;)  Mrs.  Sally  A.  Higgins,  of  Crab  Orchard,  (on  tomatoes  ) 


DAVIESS  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  SOCIETY. 

This  Society  held  her  third  annual  Fair  on  the  grounds  of  the  Soci- 
ety, near  Ovvensboro,  in  1856.  A  lull  history  of  the  Society  is  prom- 
ised for  1857.  Mr.  Wm.  Bell  is  President,  and  Clinton  McCarty,  Cor- 
responding Secretary. 


FULTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 
No  report  has  been  received    from  this  Society.     The  following  ac- 
count of  her  first  Fair  was  republished   in    the    Western   Farm  Journal, 
from  which  it  is  extracted  : 

The  first  Fair  of  this  young  Association  was  held  near  Hickman,  on  the  14th,  15th  and  16th 
of  October,  and  we  are  assnred  was  eminently  successful.  Another  year  we  hope  to  have  the 
pleasure  of  being  in  personal  attendance  upon  it.  The  occasion  is  thus  noticed  by  the  editor 
of  the  Hickman  Argus  : 

':  The  exhibition  of  all  classes  of  articles  was  as  fine  and  extensive  as  was  anticipated  by 
the  most  sanguine.  The  attendance  was  large  and  much  interest  was  manifested.  The  Board 
of  Directors  richly  deserve  great  praise  for  the  manner  in  which  everything  was  conducted. 
It  being  the  first  Fair  liolden  by  the  Association,  and  the  time  from  the  organization  to  the 
date  of  the  Fair  being  very  short,  they  had  many  difficulties  to  contend  with,  which  those  in- 
experienced in  matters  of  the  kind  know  but  little  of  We  hail  the  successful  termination  of 
the  enterprise  as  the  dawn  of  a  new  era  in  the  affairs  of  Fulton  county,  and  as  the  harbinger 
of  great  improvement  in  our  agricultural  products,  the  breed  of  stock,  and  mechanical  manu- 
factures." 

The  following  list  of  awards  was  reported  by  Mr.  Roulhac,  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Directors  : 


AL  report  of  the 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES — WOOLEN    ARTICLES. 

Homemade  Jeans,  Mrs.  C  W.  Brevard,   premium  ;  Mrs.  C.  J.  Coker,  certificate. 

Pair  home  made  Blankets,  Mrs  W.  A.  Alexander,  premium  ;  Mrs.   A.  J.  Roper,  certificate. 

Pair  Gloves,  Mrs.  Dr.  Gourley,   premium. 

Pair  Woolen   Half  Hose,  Mrs.   M.  N.  Johnson,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Gourley,   certificate. 

Piece  home  made  Carpet,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Jeans  Coat,  made  by  a  Lady,  Mrs.  A.  S.  Tyler,  premium. 

COTTON    AND    LINEN    ARTICLES. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  T.  E.  Gleeson,  premium  ;  Mrs.  James  Erwin,  certificate. 
Cotton  Counterpane,  Mrs.  B.  F.  Davis,  premium;  Mrs.  Gourley,  certificate. 
Cloth  Coat,  made  by  a  Tailor,  W.  E.  Bolinger  premium. 

EMBROIDERY    AND    FANCY    ARTICLES. 

Lady's  Silk  Bonnet,  Mrs.  F.  Roulhac,  premium. 

Cotton  Embroidery,  Mrs.  T.  E.  Gleeson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Woolen  Embroidery,  Mrs.  F.  Roulhac,  premium  ;   Mrs.  R    S.  McConnel,  certificate. 

Silk  Embroidery,  Mrs.  A.  M.  C.  Simmons,  premium;  Miss  C.  Brevard,  certificate. 

Fancy  Hat,  Miss  P.  Allen,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Steele,  certificate. 

Hair   Embroidery,  Mrs.  A.  Shuck,  premium. 

Fancy  Shoes,  Mrs.  Franck  Roulhac,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Gourley, certificato. 

Painting,  Mrs.  Franck  Roulhac,  premium. 

LEATHER   MANUFACTURES. 

Ladies'  Saddle  and  Buggy  Harness,  Towle  &  Anderson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Pair  Boots,  I.  &  F.  Berendes,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL. 

Four  Horse  Wagon,  Madison  Adams,  premium. 

ORCHARD    AND   GARDEN. 

Bushel  of  Apples,  Mr3.  R.Wilson,  premium;  J.   F.  Marrs,   certificate. 

Pumpkin,   H.   H. 'Wilson,  premium. 

Seed  Corn,  H.  H.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,   W.  L.    Alexander,  premium  ;  T.  E.  Gleeson,  certificate. 

Irish  Potatoes,  John  Britton,  premium. 

Turnips  and  Beets,  Mrs.  G.  Carey,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  Mrs.  R.  C.  Prather,  premium;  Mrs.  L.  White,  certificate. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  Chickens,  Mrs.  Franck  Roulhac,  premium;  Master  T.  Prather,  certificate. 
Pair  Ducks,  C.  J.  Coker,  premium  ;  Master  T.  Prather,  certificate. 
Pair  Geese,  Mrs.  C.  W.  Brevard,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  J.  E.  Penny,  premium^  R.  B.  Alexander,  certificate. 
Ewe,  J.  E.  Penny,  premium  ;  N.  N.  Cowgill,  certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  over,  H.  Lawson,  certificate. 

Bull,  under  two  years  old,  W.  J.  N.  Welborn,  premium. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  W   Kennedy,  premium  and  certificate. 

Milch  Cow,  franck  Roulhac,  certificate. 

Heifer,  D.  Zimmerman,  premium  ;  W.  J.  N.  Welborn,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

Seed  Wheat,  J.  Britton,  premium. 

Seed  Oats,  H.  H.  Wilson,  premium. 

Seed  Rye,  and  Seed  Tobacco,  John  Britton,  premium. 

Seed-Flax,  JM  .  Scearce,  premium. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Buggy,  T.  J.  Kirkpatrick,  premium. 
Rifle,  J.  D.  Gillmore,  Premium. 
Piiutiug,  Gray  &  Mcintosh,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


HOG8. 

Boar,  under  one  year  old,  C.  J.  Coker,  premium. 

Sow,  under  one  year  old,C.  J.  Coker,  premium  and  certificate. 

Boar,  over  one  year  old,  C.  W.  Brevard,  premium. 

Sow,  over  one  year  old,  C.  W.  Brevard,  premium. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  three,  S.  A.  Ingram,  premium  ;  J.  E    Pennv,  certificate. 

Jack,  over  five  years  old  ;  W.  L.  Alexander,  premium  ;  S.  Burrus,  certificate. 

Sucking  Jennet,  H.  Lawson,  premium. 

Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  W.  L.  Alexander,  premium;  R.  S.  McConnell,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Mule,  under  one  year  old,  S.  H.  Ingram,  premium;  W.  L.  Alexander,  certificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  James  White,  premium  ;  R.  d.  McConnell,  certificate. 

Mule,  two  years  and  under  three,  John  Barnes,  premium. 

Mule,  three  years  and  over,  W.  L.  Alexander,  premium  ;  W.J.  N.  Welborn,  certificate. 

HORSES    AND    MARES. 

Cole,  under  one  year,  J.  R.  Hall,  premium  ;  R.  S.  McConnell,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  A.  Shuck,  premium  ;   Win.  Wade,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  five,  John  Hall,  premium;  J    E.  Penny,  certificate. 

Stallion,  five  years  and  over,  T.  B.  Joiner,  premium;  J.  Erwin,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  W.  L.  Alexauder,  premium;  Sylvester  Allen,  certificate 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  A    Shuck,  premium;  A.  J.   Roper,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  five,  G.  H.  Carey,  premium;  John  Barnes,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  over  five  years  old,  S.  H.  Ingram,  premium. 

Model  Horses  or  Mares,  W.  L.  Alexander,  premium;  0.  F.  Young,  certificate. 

Draft  Horses,  E.  H.  Wilson,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

HORSES    AND    MARES. 

Buggy  Horse,  W.  J.  N.  Welborn,  premium;  Ed.  Crossland,  certificate. 

Buggy  Mare,  J.  A.  Sloan,  premium  ;  John  Mays,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Match  Horses,  J.   M.  Bullock,  premium. 

Fastest  Buggy  Horse,  A.  D.  Kingman,  premium  ;  J.  N.  Walgamot,  certificate. 

Saddle  Horse,  W.  J.  N.  Welborn,  premium  ;   W.  M.  Marr,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  A.  J.  Alexander,  premium;  J.  W.  Gourley,  certificate. 

Saddle  Pony,  Billy  Alexander,  premium  ;  R.  A.  Price,  certificate. 


HENDERSON,  HOPKINS,   AND    UNION    AGRICULTTRAL,   HORTICULTURAL 
AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

A  pretty  full  report  has  been  received  from  the  officers  of  this  young 
and  spirited  Association. 

The  following  notice  of  the   Fair  is  taken   from  the    Western  Farm 

Journal: 

Few  if  any  of  our  Agricultural  Societies  have  displayed  more  energy  than  the  association 
named  above.  It  was  not  organized  until  about  the  middle  of  April  1856,  and  did  not  do  any 
business  until  after  the  meeting  of  the  State  Agricultural  Convention  in  Frankfort,  on  the 
21st  May.  It  then  purchased  twenty-seven  and  a  half  acres  of  land,  sixteen  of  which  it  en- 
closed with  a  plank  fence,  on  black  locust  posts,  nine  feet  high.  This  done,  the  Directors 
laid  off  an  amphitheatre  the  same  as  *Jiat  of  the  South-Western  Association  near  Louisville, 
and  set  workmen  upon  it  who  had  it  half  completed  before  the  occurrence  of  the  F;iir.  Thej 
also  built  one  hundred  and  twenty  five  stalls  for  horses  and  cattle,  and  had  all  necessary  trees 
upon  their  grounds  grubbed  up,  besides  clearing  out  all  brush  aud  briars.     In  the  midst  of  this 


144  REPORT  OF  THE 

work,  they  had  the  good  sense  and  cultivated  taste  to  spare  trees  which  now  form,  it  is  believ- 
ed, one  of  the  most  beautiful  groves  ever  seen.  And  a  further  mark  of  excellence  in  their 
grounds  is  a  fine  elm  tree  that  occupies  the  centre  of  the  ring,  around  which  is  erected  a  beau- 
tiful stand  for  the  judges  and  musicians. 

All  this,  be  it  remembered,  was  completed  in  time  for  the  first  annual  Fair  of  the  Associa- 
tion, which  took  place  on  the  14th,  15th,  16th,  and  17th  days  of  October.  If  any  other  new 
agricultural  society  has  displayed  energy  and  taste  equal  to  that  here  set  forth,  we  shall  be 
pleased  to  receive  and  publish  the  evidences  of  the  fact.  Such  operations  at  the  outset,  it 
must  be  admitted,  afford  a  very  sure  guarantee  that  the  future  of  the  Henderson  Association 
will  be  something  of  which  the  people  of  that  interesting  section  of  the  State  may  well  feel 
proud,  and  we  shall  not  be  at  all  surprised  to  find  them  successful  applicants  for  the  Kentucky 
State  Fair  the  first  time  it  may  be  held  in  the  district  to  which  they  belong.  Henderson  is 
an  accessible  point,  the  exhibition  grounds  which  we  have  briefly  sketched,  will  certainly  be 
among  the  very  best'in  the  State  when  completed,  and  we  are  advised  that  measures  are  now 
on  foot  which  will  eventuate  in  superior  and  sufficient  hotel  accommodations  by  the  regular 
season  of  the  next  annual  fair  of  the  Association. 

By  the  annexed  premium  list,  for  which  we  are  indebted  to  our  friend  and  correspondent, 
Mr.  John  T.  Towles,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  first  fair  of  the  Henderson,  Hopkins,  and  Union 
Agricultural,  Horticultural,  and  Mechanical  Association  was  on  a  scale  commensurate  with 
the  admirable  preparations  that  had  been  made  for  it.  Our  Henderson  friends  have  certainly 
made  a  most  creditable  beginning  in  a  most  praiseworthy  work.  The  Henderson  Commercial, 
in  noticing  the  fair,  says:  "  The  two  first  days  were  well  attended,  but  the  crowd  on  the  third 
day  exceeded  the  expectation  of  every  one.  There  were,  we  think,  not  less  than  5,000  per- 
sons present.  We  had  no  idea  that  there  would  be  so  much  fine  stock  exhibited.  There  were 
over  a  hundred  entries  of  horses  alone,  and  some  of  them  are  as  fine  blooded  and  as  well 
formed  as  any  country  can  produce — such  as  Keutuckians  may  well  be  proud  of." 

FIRST  DAY. 

MAN  UFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  factory  made,  Paul  Marrs,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fine  Jeans,  home  made,  S.  R.  Springer,  premium;  J    W.  Cheatham,  certificate. 

Nepro  Jeans,  home  made,  James  S.  Priest,  premium. 

Woolen  Ho»e,  Mrs.  M.  E.  Borum,  certificate. 

Woolen  Half  Hose,  Miss  Susan  E.  Rudy,  premium;  Mrs.  F.  W.  Posey,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Blankets,  Mrs.  VV.  B.  Woodruff,  premium. 

Carpet,  home  made,  Mrs.  James  S.  Priest,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  H.  Alves,  certicate. 

Cotton  Hose,  Miss  Susan   E.   Rudy,  premium. 

Cotton  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  VV.  B.  Woodruff,  premium;  Mrs.  N.  L.  Cook,  certificate. 

Ladies'  Fine  Boots,  Mrs.  A..  C.  Sugg,  premium;   Dallam  &  Allen,  certificate. 

Rifle.  Mayer  &,  Sons,  premium  and  certificate. 

Shot  Gun,  Mayer  &  Sons,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buggy*  W.  B.  Woodiuff,  premium;  Smith  Gavitt,  certificate  and  complimentary  premium. 

Homespun  Sewing  Silk,  J.  P.  Brown,  premium. 

NEEDLEWORK. 

Needlework,  ten  entries,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Sublett,  premium;  Mrs.  N    L.  Cooke,  certificate. 
Jeans  Coat,  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady,   Mrs.  David  Dunn,  premium. 
Linen  Sliiit,  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady,  Miss  Ann  Herr,  premium. 
Cotton  Shirt,  Mrs.  L.  J.  McBride,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  patch  wo:k,  three  entries,  Mrs.  N.  L.  Cook,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Howard, cer- 
tificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  Mrs.  N.  L.  Cook,  premium;  Mrs.  E.  M   Cheaney,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  Eliza  Quiun,  premium;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Shelbv,  certificate. 

Bed  Siead.or  Coverlid,  Mrs.  Elizi  Quinn,  premium;  Mrs.  John  Jerdone,  certificate. 

Pair  Pants,  Mrs    Dr.  Kimbly,  premium. 

Fur  Cape,  Amelia  Graves,  premium. 

TOBACCO. 

Tobacco,  best  Shipping,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  E.  J.  Hart,  premium;  T.  R.  Book,  certificate. 
Tobacco,  best  Stemming  Leaf,  three  entries,  Mrs.  E.  J.  Hart,  premium;  T.  R.  Book,  certifi- 
cate. 

Tobacjo,  best  Manufacturing  Leaf,  Mrs.  E.  J.  Hart,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  145 

AGRICULTURAL,    IMPLEMENTS. 

Cutting  Box,  C.  II.  Powell  &  Co.,  premium  and  certificate. 

Two  Horse  Wagon,  J.  H.  Lambert  &  Co.,  premium. 

Hay  Rake,  C.  H.  Powell  &  Co.,  premium. 

Sausage  Cutter.  Mayer  &  Sons,  premium. 

Horse  Power,  John  Woody,  premium. 

Plow,  two  horse  sod,  C.  H.  Powell  &  Co.,  premium. 

Plow,  two  horse  stubble.  C.  H.  Powell  &  Co  ,  premium;  J.  H.  Lambert,  certificate. 

Plow,  one  horse,  C.  H.  Powell  &  Co.,  premium;  John  H.  Lambert,  certificate. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD    AND    ORCHARD. 

Wheat,  one  bushel.  John  E.  McCallister,  premium;  John  Funk,  certificate. 

Bread  Corn,  John  McCormick,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 

Stock  Corn,  George  Pavne,  premium. 

Best  display  of  varieties  of  Apples,  W.  S    Elam,  premium. 

Best  bushel  of  Apples,  W.  S.  Elam,  premium  and  certificate. 

Wine,  four  entries,  Mrs.  George  Payne,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cordial,  four  entries,  Mrs.  L.  J.  McBride,  premium;  Mrs.  Walter  Towle3,  certificate. 

Cider,  N.  M.  Hicks,  premium. 

PANTRY. 

Butter,  W.  S.  Elam,  premium;  Mrs.  George  Payne,  certificate. 

Ham,  cooked,  three  entries,  John  J.  Towles,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Alves,  certificate. 

Flour,  W.  Y.  Gill  &  Co.,  premium. 

Meal,  W.  Y.Gill  &  Co.,  premium. 

Best  Loaf  Bread,  Mrs.  John  Jordon,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  H.  Alves,  certificate. 

Pound  Cake,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Ross,  premium  and  certificate. 

GARDEN. 

Beets,  Mrs.  M.  E   Borum,  premium;  John  McCormick,  certificate. 

Turnips,  John  McCormick,  premium. 

Cabbage,  Win.  Soaper,  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,  certificate. 

POULTRV,    AC 

Chickens,  Cochin  China,  T.  J.  Lockett,  premium. 
Brama  Pootra,  Mrs.  W.  P.  Smith,  certificate. 
Poland,  John  Funk,  premium. 

Soft  Soap,  Mrs.  John  Jordon,  premium. 

Hard  Soap.  Mrs.  John  Jordon,  premium. 

Painting,  Mi?s  Fiances  Fuller,  premium. 

Fancy  Picture,  Miss  Frances  Fuller,  premium. 

Display  of  Jewelry  and  Revolver,  S.  Eusell  &  Sons,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

CATTLE 

Short  horn  Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  W.  T.  Barret,  premium;  W.P- 
Smith,  certificate. 

Short-horn  Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  J.  W.  Alves,  premium;  W.  P, 
Smith,  certificate. 

Short  horn  Cow,  over  three  years,  three  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,. 
certificate. 

Short  horn  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

Short  horn  Cow;  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Fat  Cow,  W.  S.  Elam,  premium;  John  J.  Towles,  certificate. 

Milch  Cow,  F.  Cunningham,  premium;   W.  S.  Elam,  certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Hereford  Bull,  John  J.  Towles.  premium. 

Hereford  Cow,  J  hn  J.  Towles,  premium. 

Hereford  Calf,  John  J.  Towles,  premium 

Grade  Bull  Calf,  under  one  year,  A    J.  Anderson,  premium;  John  J.  Towles,  certificate 

Grade  Cow,  three  years  and  upward,  W.  S.  Elam,  premium;  James  Alves,  certificate. 

Grade  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Grade  Heifer,  R.  H.  Alves,  premium;  A.  J.  Anderson,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKE    CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  all  ages,  A,  J.  Anderson,  premium;  W.  P.  Smith,  certificate. 

Best  Cow  or  Heifer,  all  ages,  W.  S.  Elam,  premium;  A.  J.  Anderson,  certificate. 

10 


146  REPORT  OF  THE 

SHEEP. 

Southdown  Buck,  A.  B.  Barret,  premium;  John  J.  Towles,  certificate. 

Southdown  Ewe,  A.  B.  Barret,  premium. 

Cotswold  Buck,  W.  T.  Barret,  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,  certifi  :ate. 

Cotswold  Ewe,  VV.  T.  Barret,  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Lambs,  VV.  T.  Barret,  premium  and  certificate. 

Grade  Buck,  T.  J.  Lockett,  premium. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  one  year  and  under  two,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium. 

Boar,  under  one  year  and  over  six  months,  VV'm.   Taylor,  premium. 

Sow,  under  one  year  and  over  six  mouths,  Wm.  Taylor,  premium. 

Best  pair  of  Pigs,  under  six  months,  W.S.  Elam,  premium;  VV.  P.  Smith,  certificate. 

Largest  and  heaviest  Hog,  A.  J.  Anderson,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Geldin^,  three  years  and  over,  James  Alves,  premium;  Smith  Gavitt,  certificate. 
Geldintr,  one  year  and  under  two,  John  H.  Cambron,  premium;  VVm.  Lockett,  certificate. 
Stallion,  four  years  and  upwards,  Wm.  Norris,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  uuder  four,  H.  Baskett,  premium;  Thomas  11    Powell,  certificate. 
Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  N.  C.  Powell,  premium;  N.  M.  Johnson,  certificate. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  G.  T.  Noel,  premium;  A.  H.  Has-kins,  certificate. 
Mare,  three  yeara  and  upward,  S.  F.  MuNary,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 
Brood  Mare,  T.  L.  Phillips,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  two  years  and  uuder  thr^e,  George  Payne,  premium;  Wm.  Lockett,  certificate. 
Mare  Colt,  G.  Payne,  premium  and  certificate. 
Buo-ay  Hor^e,  Henry  Lyne,  premium;  VV.  F.  Stone,  certificate. 
Pair~of  Harness  Mares,  L.  D.  Barbour,  premium  and  certificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Pair  Harness  Horse3,  John  Funk,  premium. 

Harness  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  four  entries,  George  Payne,  premium;  M.  F.  Whayne, 
certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  T.  H.  Powell,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  six  entries,  A.  H.  Haskins,  premium;  Ignatius  Drury,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion  Colt,  W.  J.  Alves,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  George  Payne,  piemium. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  lour,  J.  D.  Hatchill,  premium;  M.  J.  Whayne,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  aud under  three,   l\  L    Phillips,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  oid  and  under  two,  Benj.  Stout,  premium  and  certificate. 

SADDLE     HORSES. 

Saddle  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  N.  E.  Mitcheson,  premium;  James  W.  Martin,  certifi- 
cate. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  G.  P.  Lilly,  premium;  Ignatius  Drury,  certificate. 
Mare,  two  veais  and  under  three,  C.  R.  Beinent,  premium;  C    F.  Noel,  certificate. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  George  Pa\  ne,  premium;  Win.  Lockett,  certificate. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,   R.  U.  Alves,  premium. 

Gelding,  three  years  and  under  lour,  Darius  Field,  piemium;   Wm.  B.  Woodruff,  certificate. 
Geldiug,  two  years  and  uuder  three,  A.  J.  Morrison,  premium;  F.  W.  Posey,  certificate. 
Best  Riding  Horse,  Wm.  S.  Stone,  premium;  Smith  Gavitt,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

BUGGY    HORSES. 

Bucro-v  Horse,  sixteen  entries,  Smith  Gavitt,  premium;  E.  O.  Reed,  certificate. 
Bu",rv  Mare,  six  entries,  VVm.  S.  Stone,  premium;  N.C.  Howard  &  Brother,  certificate. 
Pair  Caniage  Horses,  Wm.  B    Woodruff,  piemium. 
Pair  Buggy  Horses,  Thomas  H.  Pointer,  premium. 
Pair  Bu""'y  Mares,  M.  S.  Hancock,  premium. 

Harness  Gelding,  three  years  old  aud  uuder  four,  Smith  Gavitt,  premium;  John  Funk,  cer- 
tificate. 

DRAFT    HORSE3. 

Draft  Stallion,  over  four  years,  N.  C.  Howard  &  Brother,  premium;  J.  W.  Hanley,  certifi- 
cate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  147 

Draft  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  James  McEwen,  premium. 

Draft  Mare  Colt,  John  Baskett,  premium;   F.  Cunningham,  certificate.^ 

Draft  Gilding,  four  years  and  over,   J.  D.  Hatchitt,  premium;    E.  T.  Cheatham,  certificate. 

Draft  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  E.  T.  Cheatham,  premium. 

Draft  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  J.  T.  Hicks,  premium;  J.  M.  Stone,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallion  in  Harness,  M.  J.  Whayne,  premium  and  certificate. 
Best  Stallion,  seven  entries,  C.'T.  Noel,  premium;  George  Payne,  certificate. 
Geldings  in  Harness,  seven  entries,  T.  L.  Phillips,  premium;  Smith  Gavitt,  certificate. 
Geldings  out  of  Harness,  ei^ht  entries,  Smitn  Gavitt,  premium;  James  Alves,  certificate. 
Mares  in  Harness,  seven  entries,  L.  D.  Barbour,  premium:  T.  L.  Phillips,  certificate. 
Mares  out  of  Harness,  six  entries,  T.  L.  Phillips,  premium;  David  Duun,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Mule,  two  years  and  upward,  Wm.  Lockett,  premium;  John  Funk,  certificate. 
Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  John  Funk,  premium;   Henry  Lyne,  certificate. 
Mule  Colt,  Sanders  Etves,  premium;  John  McCormick,  certificate. 
Pair  broke  Mules,  John  Funk,  premium. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Jack,  three  years  and  upward,  F.  Cunningham,  premium;  James  White,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  S.  K.  MeNary,  premium. 

Jennet,  three  years  and  under  four.  Wm.  Lockett,  premium. 

Jennet, one  year  and  under  two,  Wm.  Lockett,  premium;  G.  W.  Scantlin,  certificate. 

Jennet  Colt,  Wm.  Lockett,  premium. 


HARRISON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

A  full  and  interesting  report  has  been    received    from  the    patriotic 

President  of  this  excellent  Society. 

Harrison  County,  Ky.,  Nov.  10,  1856. 
Robert  W.  Scott, 

Corresponding  Secretary  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society; 

Sir — In  compliance  with  your  request,  I  submit  the  following  history  of  the  organization 
and  report  of  the  first  exhibition  of  the  Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Asso- 
ciation: 

About  the  latter  part  of  February,  1856,  a  few  of  the  farmers  of  our  county,  together  with 
some  other  citizens,  casually  met  in  Cynthiana,  when  the  subject  of  organizing  a  county  so- 
ciety being  mentioned,  it  was  concluded  then  and  there  to  make  an  effort  to  start  the  enter- 
prise, and  accordingly  a  number,  not  exceeding  thirty  persons,  met,  organized,  and  appointed 
a  committee  to  drafc  and  forward  to  the  General  Assembly  (then  in  session)  a  charter,  grant- 
ing the  usual  corporate  privileges,  which  was  passed  and  approved  early  in  March.  At  a 
meeting  held,  upon  receiving  a  copy  of  the  charter,  it  was  determined  to  make  an  effort  to 
obtain,  by  a  subscription  of  slock,  a  fund  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  purchase  ground,  to  inclose 
the  same  with  a  good  fence,  build  an  amphitheatre,  and  make  such  other  improvements  as 
the  state  of  our  finances  would  justify.  We  resolved  that  thirty  three  and  one  third  dollars 
should  constitute  a  share,  and  the  holder  of  a  certificate  of  one  or  more  shares  would  be  en^ 
titled  to  all  the  privileges  of  membership.  A  number  of  our  citizens  subscribed  nine  and 
one  of  them  ten  shares,  and  others  from  that  down  to  one  share.  We  succeeded  in  obuiniojj 
about  $13,500  of  available  stock. 

On  the  second  Saturday  in  May  (the  time  prescribed  in  the  charter,}  we  held  the  first  aa- 
nual  election  of  officers,  which  resulted  as  follows:  Lucius  Desha,  President;  Caleb  Waltog., 
James  Miller,  Henry  Nichols,  Larkin  Garnett,  William  H.  Wilson,  F.  J.  Gray,  D.ivid 
Dills,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  and  A.  H.  Ward,  Directors.  The  Board  appointed 
John  A.  Kirkpatriek,  Recording  Secretary;  A.  H.  Ward,  Corresponding  Secretary;  and  T.  A- 
Frazier,  Treasurer. 


148 


REPORT  OF  THE 


We  purchased  eighteen  acres  of  land  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  from  Cynthiana,  at  a 
cost  of  $126  per  acre,  one  third  in  hand,  and  the  balance  in  two  equal  annual  payments;  have 
inclosed  it  with  a  good  plank  fence;  have  built  (as  we  think)  one  of  the  best  amphitheatres, 
aud  centre  or  judges'  stands,  in  the  West.  The  amphitheatre's  diameter,  from  out  to  out,  is 
225  feet,  and  the  inner  area  161  feet.  It  will  seat  5,000  persons,  and  shelter  7,000.  We  have 
built  over  one  hundred  stalls  for  stock,  and  design  adding  to  that  number  next  summer;  have 
dug  a  well  upwards  of  forty  feet  deep.  All  of  the  above  was  done  in  time  for  the  Fair,  which 
commenced  on  the  16th  of  September.  Since  then  we  have  proceeded  to  build  a  very  neat, 
roomy,  comfortable,  and  well  arranged  cottage  building,  now  nearly  completed.  I  have 
not  before  me  the  exact  table  of  expenditures.  The  following  will  closely  approximate  the 
cost: 

Stalls  and  fences,  |1, 185  23;  amphitheatre  and  centre  stand,  $7,846  46;  wells,  one  com- 
pleted, and  the  other  not  finished,  $457  06;  amount  expended  on  cottage,  together  with  the 
estimate  for  completing  the  same,  $2,647  51;  making  in  all  $12,136  26.  There  are  yet  other 
expenses,  not  included  in  the  above,  which  will  cause  our  expenditures  to  amount  to  about 
$13,500. 

Our  first  annual  exhibition  came  off  on  the  16th,  17th,  18th,  and  19th  days  of  September, 
and  its  results  surprised  its  most  sanguine  friends.  We  were  much  encouraged  by  the  inter- 
est manifested  by  our  people,  and  those  from  other  counties,  who  attended  the  Fair  in  crowds 
each  day,  and  who  retired  well  pleased  at  what  they  witnessed.  The  first  day  was  devoted  to 
the  exhibition  of  articles  of  domestic  manufacture,  the  mechanic  arts,  products  of  the  field, 
garden,  and  orchard,  of  the  pantry  and  dairy,  flowers,  poultry,  and  agricultural  implements. 
Of  the  first  named  articles,  notwithstanding  the  short  notice  they  had  for  preparation  (the  list 
of  premiums  not  being  published  until  July,)  the  ladies  made  an  excellent  display.  The 
same  may  be  said  of  articles  in  the  mechanic  arts,  products  of  the  field,  garden,  and  orchard. 
The  amount  and  variety  were  not  as  great  as  could  be  desired.  The  failure  was  occasioned 
mainly  by  the  drouth,  with  which  we  suffered  in  common  with  other  portions  of  the  State.  In 
the  number  and  variety  of  agricultural  implements  exhibited,  we  regret  to  say,  there  was  not 
the  display  we  desired  to  witness;  but  that  was  owing,  in  a  measure,  to  the  fact  of  there  not 
being  sufficient  inducements  offered  in  premiums,  an  error  which  we  hope  to  remedy  in  future. 
In  poultry  we  had  a  tolerably  good  display,  and  some  exceedingly   fine   specimens. 

On  the  second  day  were  shown  cattle,  sheep,  hogs,  and  saddle  mares  and  geldings.  The  num- 
ber and  quality  of  cattle  were  good,  and  excited  considerable  interest.  The  same  may  be  said 
of  the  saddle  mares  and  geldings.  Of  hogs  and  sheep,  the  number  was  not  great,  but  the 
specimens  were  supe-ior. 

The  third  day  was  devoted  to  blooded  horses  and  mares,  draft  horses,  mules,  and  jack  stock, 
in  all  of  which,  except  blooded  horses,  there  was  an  unusually  line  display,  both  as  to  number 
and  quality. 

On  the  fourth  day  were  exhibited  horses  and  mares  for  harness,  carriage  horses,  buggy 
horses,  for  the  saddle,  and  horses  for  all  work.  This  was  certainly  the  most  interesting  day  of 
anv.  The  number  in  each  ring  was  rather  unusual,  and  the  style  and  quality  equal  to  any  ex- 
hibition at  any  county  Fair. 

The  Fair  wound  up  at  a  late  hour  in  the  evening,  with  a  contest  for  a  premium  between, 
bovs  under  thirteen  years  of  age,  mounted  on  ponies,  or  small  horses,  when  all  left  the  ground 
much  pleased  at  the  first  exhibition  of  the  Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  As- 
sociation. 

With  this  please  find  a  copy  of  our  act  of  incorporation,  together  with  our  Constitution  and 
Bv,  Laws;  also,  a  printed  list  of  premiums  offered. 

Our  receipts  for  annual  membership,  gate  fees,  rent  of  booths,  &c,  greatly  exceeded  our 
expenditures  incident  to  the  Fair,  including  the  premiums,  and  will  leave  a  balance  to  aid  in 
improving  the  grounds. 

In  the  history  of  our  organization  I  have  been  more  minute  than  I  would  have  been,  but 
for  the  fact  of  our  belief  that  we  have  effected   much  in  a  short  time,  and  its   history  may  be 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

the  means  of  encouraging  others.  We  hope  to  be  able  to  present  a  spectacle  of  a  county  so- 
ciety having  put  chafed  grounds,  and  made  all  the  necessary  improvements  without  being  in- 
volved in  debt  to  the  amount  of  a  dollar,  and  that  in  a  space  of  nine  months.  But  this  credit 
is  mainly  due  to  the  liberality  and  interest  of  our  citizens. 

In  conclusion,  let  me  remark  that  our  Fair  has  infused  a  spirit  of  improvement  in  our 
midst,  which  is  bound  to  tell  at  our  future  exhibitions,  and  must  and  will  be  promotive  of 
much  good. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

LUCIUS  DESHA,  President. 

The  subjoined  notice  of  the  Fair  is  taken  from  a  Cynthiana  paper: 

The  Harrison  County  Fair. — Early  in  the  spring  of  the  present  year,  the  wealthy  farmers 
of  Harrison  county,  excited  to  a  commendable  spirit  of  rivalry  by  the  successful  exhibitions 
held  by  their  neighboring  agriculturists,  organized  an  Agricultural  Association  Fine  grounds 
were  purchased,  the  proper  enclosures  built,  a  splendid  amphitheatre  and  the  necessary  out- 
buildings erected,  rendering  the  improvements  equal  in  substantiality  and  beauty  ,  to  any  in 
the  State.  List  week  the  first  annual  lair  was  held.  It  was  an  occasion  of  the  greatest  fes- 
tivity, especially  i'u  the  county  seat,  Cynthiana.  The  daily  attendance  was  very  large,  em- 
bracing as  tine  specimens  of  womuily  beauty  and  manly  elegance  as  are  to  be  found  anywhere 
in  the  State. 

The  exhibition  reflected  the  greatest  credit  upon  the  skill  and  enterprise  of  the  farmers, 
and  demonstrated  that  old  Harrison  is  not  a  whit  behind  any  county  in  the  excellence  and 
abundance  of  her  fine  stock. 

The  arrangements  for  the  fair  were  upon  the  most  liberal  scale,  and  unbounded  hospitality 
prevailed.  Each  night  there  was  a  grand  bali  at  the  West  House,  with  other  amusements  of 
an  interesting  character.  The  weather  during  the  week  was  of  the  most  brilliant  and  beau- 
tiful description,  adding  thus  still  more  to  the  pleasure  of  those  present. 

We  congratulate  our  friends  in  Harrison  upon  the  success  of  this  first  exhibition;  and  we 
are  gratified  to  learn  that  after  defraying  all  the  expenses  for  the  purchase  of  grounds,  build- 
ings, &,e.,  there  isa  surplus  in  the  treasury  This  necessarily  renders  the  stock  of  the  Asso- 
ciation above  psr,  and  reflects  great  credit  upon  the  business  tact  and  management  of  the 
President,  Gen.  Lucius  Desha,  and  his  coadjutors. 

The  fair  concluded  on  Fridiy  with  an  exhibition  of  horses,  mounted  by  lads.  This  was  a 
most  thrilling  scene,  and  the  blue  riobon  was  appropriately  bestowed  upon  a  bright  golden 
haired  boy  of  five  summers — .Mister  J-  Metz. 

We  give  below  the  award  of  premiums,  at  the  Fair  of  the  Harrison  County  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  Association,  held  last  week  at  Cynthiana.  This  was  the  first  Fair  of  this 
Association,  but  the  display  was  worthy  of  any  of  the  older  Societies.  The  attendance  was 
very  large,  and  the  greatest  success  marked  the  exhibition  throughout.  The  interest  which 
was  manifested  in  the  Association  speaks  well  for  the  farmers  in  that  vicinity.  We  are  prom, 
ised  some  account  of  the  history  of  this  Society  from  its  commencement,  which  we  hope  to 
lay  belore  the  readers  of  the  Farm  Journal  in  our  next  issue. 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES . 

Home  made  Jeans,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

White  Cotton  Quilt,  (album,)  Mrs.  M.  M.  Birch,  premium. 

Negro  Jeans,  Mrs.  Smyser,  premium. 

White  Linsey,  Mrs.   V.  J    Grimes,  premium. 

White  Flannel,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Plaid  L'nsey,  Mrs.  Larkin  Girnett,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  Joel  love,  premium  ;   Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  certificate. 

Woolen  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  Frank  Gray,  premium  ;  Mrs.  Joel  Love,  certificate. 

Carpets,  Mrs.  M.  Nichols,  premium. 

Hearth  Ru*;,  Mrs    M    T.  Smith,  premium. 

Woolen  Embroidery,  Mrs.  Hub.  Frazier,  premium. 

Hemp  Linen,  George  Etymei,  premium. 

Colored  Embroidery,  Mrs.  January,  premium. 

Linen   Thread,  G    Rymel,  premium. 

Linen  Shirt,  Miss  E    Bissett,  premium. 

Cotton  Shirt,  J.  Allen,  premium. 

Djuble  H  iruess,  Turtoy  &,  Ev'eleth,  premium. 

Buggy  Harness,  Tartoy  &  E^eleth,  premium. 


150  REPORT  OF  THE 

Saddle  and  Bridle,  (gent's,)  Turtoy  &  Eveleth,  premium  ;  Coffman,  certificate. 

Ladies  Saddle,  Turtoy  &,  Eveleth,  premium. 

Fine  Boot,  Thomas  Flanagan,  premium. 

Coarse  Boot.  Thomas  Flanagan,  premium. 

Carriage,  H.  F   Cromwell,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buggy,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

One  dozen  Chairs,  Zeb  Waid,  premium. 

Wagon,  H.  Cromwell,  premium  ;  L  Oxley,  certificate. 

FRUITS. 

QTuinces,  W.  H.  Wilson,  premium. 

PANTRY. 

One  Cooked  Ham,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 
Jellies,  Mrs.  Curran,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

LIVE  STOCK  —  BREEDING  CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  upward,  five  entries,  Jerry  Duncan,  premium;  George  M. 
Bedford,  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  James  Hutchcraft,  premium;  Frank 
Gray,  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  oue  year,  six  entries,  R.  Linsey,  premium  ;  J.  Patterson,  certificate. 

Best  Calf,  six  entries,  C.  H.  Perrin,  premium  ;   W.  H.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  three  years  and  over,  three  entries,  Jerry  Duncan,  premium;  W.  H.  Wilson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Cow,  two  years  and  under,  three  entries,  R.  Linsey,  premium  ;  W.  H.  Wilson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  six  entries,  Gen.  Desha,  premium  ;  George  Redford, 
Certificate. 

Best  Cow,  one  year  old,  ten  entries,  W.  H.  Wilson,  premium  ;  Jerry  Duncan,  certificate. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Fat  Heifer,  three  years  and  over,  two  entries,  Jerry  Duncan,  premium  ;  W.  H.  Wil- 
son, certificate. 

Best  Fat  Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  R.  Linsey,  premium  ;  W.  H 
Wilson,  certificate. 

Best  Fat  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  six  entries,  L.  Desha,  premium  ;  George  M.  Bed- 
ford, certificate. 

Best  four  Sheep,  fatted,  one  entry,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Oxen,  for  work,  three  entries,  Sam  Asbbrook,  premium  ;  Tom  Wornell,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Cotswold  Buck,  two  years  old  and  over,  two  entries,  Frank  Gray,  premium  ;  Geo.  M. 
Bedford,  certificate. 

Best  Cotswold  Back,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  Bikewell,one  year  old  and  under  two,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Middle- Wool  Southdown  Buck,  two  years  old  and  over,  one  entry,  F.  Gray,   premium. 

Best  Middle  Wool  Southdown  Buck,  one  year  old  and  uader,  one  entry,  F   Gray,  premium. 

Best  Middle- Wool  Southdown  Ewe,  two  years  old  and  over,  two  entries,  F.  Gray,  premium 
and  certificate. 

Best  Middle  Wool  Southdown  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  F.  Gray,  pre- 
mium. 

Fine-Wool  Saxon  Ewe,  one  entry,  F.  Gray,  premium. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  two  years  old  and  over,  one  entry,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium. 

Best  Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  ;  A.  C.  Shrop- 
shire, certificate. 

Best  Boar,  six  months  old,  three  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Sow,  two  years  and  over,  two  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  ;   Frank  Gray,  certificate. 

Best  Sow,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  S.  H.  Ulay,  premium. 

Best  Sow,  six  months  old.  three  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  pair  Pigs,  three  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

SADDLE  MARES    AND    GELDINGS. 

Best  Mare  for  saddle,  four  years  old  and  over,  eight  entries,  L.  Railey,  of  Woodford,  pre- 
mium ;  O.  V.  Talbot,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  Steans,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  151 

Mare,  two  rears  and  under  three,  four  entries,  S.  H.  Lewis,  of  Clarke,  premium  ;  R.  Madi- 
son, certificate. 

Best  Geliling,  four  years  and  over,  eight  entries,  H.  Nichols,  premium  ;  Wm.  A.  Thomp- 
son, certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Nutter,  premium  ;  Lee  Dills,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  L.  Railey,  premium  ;  H.  Rowland, 
certificate. 

FAT  BULLOCKS. 

Two  entries,  Jerry  Duncan,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  J.  H.  Gray,  premium. 

FAT    SHEEP. 

Frank  Gray,  premium. 

The  display  was  very  fine,  indeed.  The  cattle  ring,  I  think,  was  never  beaten.  Among 
the  number  I  noticed  the  Heifer  bought  of  Alexander,  costing  $510. 

THIRD  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK— BLOODED   STALLIONS. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  H.  Benton,  of  Bourbon,  premium  ;  Gen.  Desha,  cer- 
tificate. 

B'-st  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Joe  Downing,  premium. 
Best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Thos.  Lewis,  premium. 
Best  Colt,  John  T.  Redman,  of  Clarke,  premium. 

BROOD  MARES. 

Mare,  four  years  and  under,  five  entries,  J.  Thomas,  premiam  ;  L.  Cunningham,  certificate. 
M  ire,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  John  H.  Dills,  of  Woodford,  premium. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  E.  Hamilton,  premium. 
Mare  Colt,  James  Thomas,  premium  ;  H.  Benton,  certificate. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Three  years  old  and  over,  Geo.  L.  Chiles,  premium  ;  Isaac  Kellar,  certificate. 
Draft  Horse,  two  years  and  under  three,  John  Redman,  premium. 
Draft  Horse,  one  year  and  under  two,  F.  Gray,  premium. 
Draft  Colts,  H.  Williams,  premium  ;  Milt  Rankin,  certificate. 

DRAFT    MARES, 

Draft  Mares,  three  years  and  over,  nine  entries,  J.  W.  Kimbrough,  premium  ;  George  L. 
Chiles,  certificate. 

Dralt  Mares,  two  years  and  under  three.  Ed.  Taylor,  premium- 
Draft  Mares,  one  year  and  under  two,  George  L.  Chiles,  premium. 
Draft  Colt,  J.  H.  Gray,  premium  ;  J.  W.  McKee,  certificate. 

GELDINGS. 

Gelding,  any  age,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  premium  ;  W.  S.  Haviland,  certificate. 

MULES    AND   JACKS. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  and  over,  L.  Railey,  premium  ;  Alexander  McClintock,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  Sam  Muir,  premium;  James  McKimbrough,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Horse  Colt,  Thomas  McFarland,  premium  ;  A.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  and  over,  five  entries,  Tazwell  Marr,  premium  ;  Sam.  Muir, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  S.  Muir,  premium;  H.  Nichols,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Mare  Colt,  nine  entries,  Wm.  Hedges,  premium  ;  S.  W.  &  B.  F.Collins,  certificate. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  and  over,  Thomas  Miller,  premium  ;  Thomas  Lewis,  certificate. 

Best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  H.  Lee,  premium  ;  James  Miiler,  certificate. 

Best  Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,  L.  Whaley,  premium  ,  Ed   Burgess,  certificate. 

Best  Colt,  J.  M*.  Miller,  premium  ;  S.  W.  &  B.  F.  Collins,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  and  over,  J.  H.  Cooper,  premium  ;  Dan  Talbot,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  G    Burgess,  premium. 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  Jas.  Miller,  premium;  J.  T.  Musselman,  certificate- 
Best  Colt,  James  Miller,  premium. 


152  REPORT  OF  THE 

FOURTH  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK — STALLIONS. 

Best  Stallion,  in  or  out  of  harness,  four  years  old  and  over,  D.  Alexander,  premium  ;  Dave 
Dills,  certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Wm.  Nichols,  premium;  E.  R.  Smith,  cer- 
tificate.    (Nichol's  Cadet,  by  Horace  Benton's  Diomede). 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  old  aud  under  three,  eigho  entries,  Sol.  Low,  premium  ;  (Menzicoff 
by  Victor,  he  by  Old  Messenger,  northern  stock,  dam  by  Shakspeare,  grand  dam  Thus.  Mat- 
son's  Slacker ;  two  years  old  15th  last  April  ;  taken  fifteen  premiums  ;  sold  to  Larrimore, 
Rogers  &  Co.,  Madison  county,  for  $3,000  ;)   Zeb  Ward,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ten  entries,  Wm.  Cromwell,  premium  ;  Jo.  Falkner, 
certificate, 

Stallion  Colt,  eleven  entries,  Enoch  Smith,  premium  ;  Sol.  Redman,  certificate. 

MARES. 

Best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  seventeen  entries,  E.  Smith  premium;  George  Dill, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  six  entries,  A.  Roman,  premium  ;  C.  C.  Nutter, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  six  entries,  Alexander  McClintock,  premium  ; 
N.  O.  Moore,  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  R.  Jamison,  premium  ;  Jos.  Ewalt,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Colt,  nineteen  entries,  F.  G.  Beach,  premium  ;  S.  Ammerman,  certificate. 

CARRIAGE    HORSES. 

Best  pair  Carriage  Horses  in  harness,  Dr.  Desha,  Lexington,  premium. 
Best  pair  Buggy  Horses  in  harness,  Jos.  Downing,  Lexington,  premium. 
Best  pair  Mares,  A.  D.  Young,  premium. 

GELDINGS    FOR   HARNESS. 

Geldings  for  harness,  in  harness,  be3t  four  years  old  and  over,  M.  T.  Broadwell,  premium  ; 
Zeb  Ward,  certificate. 

Geldings,  three  years  and  under  four,  James  Miller,  premium  ;  H.  Nichols,  certificate. 
Geldings,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  R.  Nutter,  premium  ;  James  Miller,  certificate. 

STALLIONS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Stallions,  four  years  old  and  over,  seven  entries,  E.  P.  Gaines,  premium  ;  Downing  &  Alex- 
ander, certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  John  Thompson,  premium  ;  William  Nichols,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Sol.  Low,  premium  ;  E.  P.  Gains,  certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  nineteen  entries,  Sol.  Redman,  premium  ;  Euoch  Smith,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  five  entries,  C.  C.  Nutter,  premium  ;  Geo.  R.  Dills, 
certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Alexander  McClintock,  premium  ;  T.  W.  Lewis,  cer- 
tificate. 

GELDINGS    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  over,  thirteen  entries,  H.  Nichols,  premium  ;  Jos.  Desha,  cer- 
tificate. 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  James  Miller,  premium  ;  H.  Nichols,  certificate. 

Best  rider  on  pony,  boy  under  thirteen  years,  first  premium,  Master  John  Metz,  of  Coving- 
ton, Ky.;  second  premium,  Charley  Railey,  of  Woodford  county. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  S0CIET5T.  153 

KENTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 
The  subjoined  report  has  been  received  from  the  officers  of  this  So- 
ciety.    It  is  certainly  exerting  a  salutary    influence    upon  the  country 
in  which  it  is  located. 

The  Kentou  County  Agricultural  Societv,  chartered  1855,  situated  on  the  Banklick  Turn- 
pike, ten  miles  from  Covington,  and  one  mile  from  Independence. 

Improvkments.  Fifteen  atres  ot  land  enclosed  with  a  board  fence,  [rnirbithf'ntre  220  feet 
in  diameter,  10  tier  of  seats,  covered  in  with  shingle  roof;  Judges  stand,  with  suitable  offices, 
booths,  &c  ;  cottage  two  stories,  with  ell,  containing  six  rooms,  with  hall,  porches,  &c-,  fur- 
nished in  good  style;  100  stalls  for  stock,  with  hog  and  sheep  pens  and  bui  dings  for  grain; 
also,  well  and  cisterns  supplying  a  sufficiency  of  water;  cost  of  ground  and  improvements, 
$10,000. 

First  Fair  held  September  1855,  commencing  the  23d  and  continuing  five  days,  with  a  jrood 
display  of  stock,  agricultural  and  mechanical  impleinemenis;  proceeds  of  Fair   $1,882  87. 

Officers.  R.  L.  Bristol,  President;  L.  Hand,  T.  A.  Wilson,  John  Ellis,  T.  T.  Mann, 
W.  Wilson,  James  Eubanks,  Directors;  William  Brown,  Treasurer;  L.  Shaw,  Corresponding 
Secretary;   W.   W.  Wilson,  Recording  Secretary. 


KENTUCKY    AGRICULTURAL    AND     MECHANICAL   ASSOCIATION,    AT   LEX- 
INGTON. 

This  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  influential  Societies  in  the  State. 

It  is  under  the  best  management,    and  its  President  is  one  of  the  most 

experienced    and  public  spirited    in  the  State,  and    he  deserves  many 

thanks    from    the   community    for  his    long  and    useful  services.     The 

subjoined    Report  from,  and  other    proceedings    for  1856,  will  be  read 

with  much  interest,   and  will  be  a  valuable  record. 

Office  Ky.  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  Lexington,  Jan.  17,  1857. 
Mr.  R.  W.  Scott, 

Corresponding  Secretary  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Dear  Sir — In  compliance  with  the  request  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  the 
Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  submits  the  following  report: 

The  .Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was  organized  on  the  13th  day  of 
April,  1850,  and  its  charter  was  obtained  in  1851.  The  first  Fair  was  held  on  the  second 
Tuesday  in  September,  1850,  and  a  Fair  has  been  held  on  the  same  day  in  each  year 
since. 

The  first  purchase  of  twenty-five  acres  of  land  in  the  suburbs  of  the  city  of  Lexington  was 
made  in  1850  by  the  Maxwell  Spring  Company,  at  a  cost  of  $5,000,  which  was  raised  by  200 
members  of  that  Society,  who  subscribed  $30  each.  This  Association  has  since  purchased 
thirty  three  shares  of  the  Maxwell  Spring  stock,  and  expects  to  own  the  entire  stock.  The 
other  shares  are  held  by  individuals. 

By  an  agreement  between  these  two  companies,  the  Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechani- 
cal Association  has  the  use  of  the  grounds  owned  by  the  Maxwell  Spring  Company,  and  pays 
six  per  cent,  interest  on  its  stock.  This  Association  owns  twenty  seven  acres  of  land  adjoin- 
ing that  owned  by  the  Mixwell  Spring  Company,  and  the  whole  fifty  two  acres  are  inclosed 
■with  a  high  plank  fence,  and  the  following  improvements  are  made  thereon:  A  large  and 
handsome  amphitheatre,  810  feet  in  circumference,  with  a  shingle  roof  over  the  seats  and  of- 
fices, a  beautiful  gothic  cottage  for  the  accommodation  of  the  ladies,  one  hundred  and  fifty 
Stables  belonging  to  the  Association,  besides  many  others  which  have  been  built  by  individ- 
uals, and  also  several  houses  for  the  aecommsdation  of  grooms.     On  a  part  of  the  land  pur- 


154 


REPORT  OF  THE 


chased  by  this  Association,  there  is  a  comfortable  dwelling  house  and  out  buildings.  There 
is  a  spring,  a  well,  and  a  running  stream  which  affords  an  ample  supply  of  water.  The  grounds 
are  ornamented  with  majesti.c  forest  trees 

The  Association  has  expended,  up  to  this  time: 

In  Improvements,  ---. --         $18,962 

In  Real  Estate,      -         - H,616 

In   Premiums,         -------------  8,315 

Iu  Incidental  Expenses,        ----- 5,828 

Total  of  Expenditures,  - $44,741 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  stock  of  various  kinds  which  have  been  exhibited 
since  the  Association  was  organized: 


Years. 

Blooded 
Horses. 

Breeding 
Cattle. 

Harness, 
orSaddle 
Horses. 

Fat  Cat 
tie. 

Yoke 

of 
Oxen. 

Hogs. 

Sheep. 

Draft 
Horses 

Jacks 

and 

J  diets 

Mules. 

1850 

_ 

6') 

159 

14 

10 

25 

26 

5 

26 

13 

1851 

6 

74 

237 

18 

13 

30 

55 

6 

19 

23 

1852 

7 

76 

212 

25 

7 

43 

46 

62 

2i 

26 

1853 

3G 

86 

190 

22 

14 

66 

48 

57 

37 

30 

1854 

46 

131 

252 

21 

17 

54 

54 

32 

62 

27 

1855 

47 

131 

214 

2i 

11 

33 

50 

47 

45 

30 

1856 

61 

119 

296 

48 

11 

71 

70 

33 

60 

35 

Total, 

203 

577 

1,569 

170 

83 

332 

349 

242 

272 

184 

The  members  of  the  Association  are  composed  of  individuals  of  the  counties  of  Fayette, 
Woodford,  Jessamine,  Clarke,  Scott,  Madison,  Franklin,  Montgomery,  Boyle,  Mercer,  and 
some  few  persons  from  other  counties. 

The  officers  of  the  Association  are  as  follows:  Benjamin  Gratz,  President;  G.  D.  Hunt, 
Vice  President;  Eben  Milton,  Secretary ;  A.  Lawell,  Treasurer;  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Wood- 
ford, J.  F.  Payne,  of  Scott,  W.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  J.  C.  Williams,  of  Jessamine,  A. 
Vanmeter,  Edward  Oldham,  Joel  Higgins,  W.  R.  Estill,  John  Allen,  and  James  Foley,  of 
Fayette,  Directors.     All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

BENJ.  GRATZ,  President. 

Eben  Milton,  Secretary. 

From  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  September  15. 
KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

The  seventh  annual  exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association 
was  held  at  the  Fair  Grounds  near  Lexington  the  past  week,  commencing  on  Tuesday,  the 
9th  instant,  and  continuing  four  days.  The  first  day  was  devoted  to  the  exhibition  of  Do- 
mestic Manufactures  and  Agricultural  Productions,  embracing  fruits,  flowers,  poultry,  dairy 
products,  etc;  the  second  day  to  Cattle,  Sheep,  and  Hogs;  the  third  to  Blooded  and  Di aft 
Horses,  Mules,  Jennets,  and  Jacks;  and  the  fourth  to  Harness,  Carriage  and  Saddle 
Stock. 

The  department  of  manufactures  was  well  filled,  attesting  both  the  enterprise  and  skill  of 
the  citizens  of  "Biue  Grass."  The  exhibition  of  fruits,  flowers,  and  vegetables,  owing  to  the 
exceedingly  unfavorable  character  of  the  season,  was,  of  course,  deficient.  The  exhibition 
of  cattle,  always  good  at  the  Fairs  of  the  Lexington  Association,  was,  on  this  occasion,  the 
best,  taken  altogether,  that  we  have  yet  witnessed  in  Kentucky.  Some  of  the  rings  were 
small,  but  many  of  them  were  unusually  large,  and  filled  with  animals  that  may  be  surpassed 
hereafter,  but  certainly  have  not  been  heretofore. 

The  attendance  was  large,  on  the  third  and  fourth  day  completely  filling  the  spacious  am- 
phitheatre; and  among  the  visitors  were  many  persons  from  contiguous  Western  States,  and 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  155 

some  from  Hie  E;ist.  The  scence  presented  within  the  grounds  of  the  ample  inclosure,  on  the 
morning  of  the  exhibition  of  blooded  stock,  when  a  thousand  carriages  were  at  one  time 
drawn  up  in  lines  and  squares,  at  once  attested  the  wealth  of  the  population  of  this  part  of 
Kentucky,  and  the  very  general  interest  felt  by  the  people  in  their  annual  Fairs. 

Dining  upon  the  green,  always  an  object  at  the  Lexington  Fair  Grounds  worthy  the  pencil 
of  the  best  of  rural  painters,  was  this  year  even  more  general  and  noteworthy  than  usual. 
This  is  one  of  the  most  characteristic  features  of  the  annual  "Harvest  Home"  of  the  blue 
grass  region,  and  also  one  of  the  most  beautiful.  The  graces  of  social  intercourse  are  here 
mingled  with  the  emotions  of  boundless  hospitality,  and  heart  speaks  to  heart  in  a  manner 
that  cannot  be  otherwise  than  promotive  of  the  highest  and  kindliest  feelings  of  the  human 
heart. 

The  closing  day  is  generally  the  day  that  proves  most  attractive — drawing  to  the  Fair 
Grounds  alike  the  inmates  of  the  most  elegant  mansion,  and  those  of  the  humblest  c  ittage. 
People  love  to  hear  of  domestic  manufactures,  and  of  the  prosperity  of  those  who  produce 
them;  they  are  fond  of  reading  about  blooded  horses,  and  grow  excited  over  the  newspaper 
column  that  records  or  describes  their  wonderful  performances  upon  the  turf;  but  the  proud 
steed  that  champs  the  bit  in  harness,  and  almost  dazzles  with  his  lustrous  coat,  or  that  moves 
under  the  saddle  with  the  winning  softness  of  voluptuous  music,  and  anon  bears  his  rider 
away  with  the  swiftness  of  the  winds,  is  what  all  wi?h  to  see  for  themselves;  and  h^-nce  the 
day  upon  which  this  class  of  stock  is  exhibited,  is  almost  invariably  the  day  that  draws  the 
overtopping  crowd.  It  was  so  on  the  present  occasion,  and  truly  has  Kentucky  cause  to  be 
proud  of  her  rural  population. 

Several  rings  of  saddle  and  harness  horses,  of  the  different  classes,  were  unusually 
large,  and  some  of  them  included  the  handsomest  groups  of  animals  that  we  have  ever 
seen. 

The  exhibition  of  Jack  stock,  on  the  third  day,  we  think  has  never  been  equaled  in  Ken- 
tucky. It  excited  universal  admiration  among  Kentuckians,  and  no  little  astonishment 
among  guests  from  several  of  the  Eastern  States.  The  show  of  Sheep  and  Hogs  was  good, 
as  it  always  is  at  Lexington  and  Paris  On  the  present  occasion,  we  observed,  there  was  a 
more  general  division  of  premiums  in  the  last  class  of  animals  than  generally  takes  place. 
The  silver  spoons  didn't  all  go  in  one  direction,  this  time! 

The  following  are  lists  of  the  premiums  awarded  on  each  of  the  several  days  of  the  Fair, 
with  the  number  of  articles  and  auimals  entered. 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES — 1.    WOOL. 

Fine  Jean=,  home  made,  two  entries;  T.  J    Grimes,  pr-mium. 

Fine  Jeans,  factory,  two  entries,   T.  J.  Grimes,  premium;    diehard  Loud,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  three  entries,  Mrs.  James  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  F.  Dudley,  certifi- 
cate 

White  Linsey,  two  entries,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Price,   certificate. 

Colored  Linsey,  four   entries,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium;   Mrs.   Walter  Rhodes,  certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  home  made,  two  entries,  Mrs    T.  Calrues,  premium. 

Faciorv  Linsey.  one  entry,  Mrs.  Isaac  Cunningtam,  premium. 

Flannel,  two  entries,  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Price,  certificate. 

Hearth  Rug,  one  entry,  Mrs.  P.  HaHaud,  premium. 

Carpet,  home  made,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Mary  Hughes,  premium,  Mrs.  Sarah  Nutall,  cer- 
tificate. 

Pair  Woolen  Hose,  three  entries,  Mrs.  James  Price,  premium;  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  certifi- 
cate. 

Pair  Half-hose,  by  a  girl  under  12,  two  entries,  Miss  Mary  C.  Hart,  premium;  Miss  Sarah 
P.  Moore,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Blankets,  three  entries,  Mrs.  A.  Dudley,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Price,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bed  Spread,  one  entry,  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Pair  Cotton  Hose,  home  made,  one  eutry,  Thomas  J.  Gtimes,  premium. 


lOO  REPORT  OF  THE 

2.    SILK. 

Sewing;,  four  ounces,  two  entries,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 
Silk  Hose,  home-made,  one  entry,  Thorns  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Silk  Embroidery,  five  entries,  Mrs.  F.  S.  Wood,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  H.  Moore,  certifi 
cate. 

Silk  Handkerchiefs,  one  entry,   T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

3.    ARTICLES    OF    WOOL,  COTTON,  AC. 

Jeans  Coat,  cut,  made,  and  pressed  by  a  lady,  two  entries,  Mrs.  James  Price,  premium  and 
certificate. 

Linen  Shirt,  two  entries,  Bettie  Buskott,  premium;  Mrs   R.  W.  Scott,  certificate. 

Linen  and  Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  a  girl,  two  entries,  Miss  Mary  D.  Yantis,  premium. 

Full  suit  of  Gent's  Clothes,  made  by  a  tailor,  one  entry,  J.  H.  Wirts,  premium. 

Woolen  Shawl,  one  entrv,  Mrs.  James  Price,  premium. 

Fly  Brush,  one  entry,  Mrs    Cleveland,  piemiu'n. 

Needle  Rmbroiderv,  woolen,  four  entries,  Miss  L.  Shelby,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  patch  work,  four  entries,  Mrs.  M.  Murphy,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  Brenan,  certifi- 
cate. 

Cotton   Quilt,  patch  work,  ten  entries,  Mrs.  W.  A.   Pullin,  premium. 

Worsted  Quilt,  patch  work,  five  entries,  Mrs.  J.  Cloud,  premium;  Miss  N.  W.  Laughlin, 
certificate. 

4.    HEMP   AND    FLAX. 

Cotton  Bagging,  one  hundred  yards,  two  entries,  J.  H.  &  C.  C.  Morgan,  premium. 
Linen  Diaper,  ten  yards,  one  entry,  Mrs.  James  Oldham,  piemium. 

ARTISTIC. 

Ambrotypes,  two  entries,  W.  R.  Phipps.  premium;  J    C.  Eirod,  certificate. 
Daguerreotypes,  two  entries,  W.  R.  Phipps,  premium;  J.  C.  Eirod,  certificate. 
Photograph,  one  entrv,  J.  C.  Eirod,  premium. 

Pictures  made  of  Ornamental  Leather,  two  entries,  Miss  S.  Flood,  premium;  Miss  Lizzie 
Featherston,  certificate. 

CABINET    AND    CARPENTERS'    WORK. 

Wardrobe,  one  entry,  Patterson  &.  Erd,  premium. 

Sofa  and  half  dozen  Chairs,  two  entries,  Patterson  &  Erd,  premium. 

Piano,  one  entry,  John  Keunard,  premium. 

HATS. 

Fur  Hat,  one  entry,  T.  J.   Adams,  premium. 
Silk  Hat,  one  entry  T.  J.  Adams,  premium. 

LEATHER. 

Side  of  Sole  Leather,  two  entries,  P.  E.  Yeiser,  premium;  H.  W.  Reed,  certificate. 
Side  of  Upper  Leather,  two  entries,  H    W.  Reed,  premium;   P.  E.  Yeiser,  certificate. 
Side  of  Harness  Leather,  two  entries,  P.  E    Yeiser,  premium;   H    W.  Reed,  certificate. 
Side  of  Skirting  Leather,  two  entries,  P.  E    Yeiser,  premium;  H.  W.  Reed,  certificate- 
Haifa  dozen  of  Calf  Skins,  one  entry,  H   W.  Reed,  premium. 
Half  dozen  Dag  Skins,  one  entry,  H.  W.  Reed,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS  AND  USEFUL  MACHINES. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  sod,  two  entries,  T.  C.  Brinley,  premium. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  stubble,  three  entries,  J.  J.  Nichols,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  Horse  Plow,  two  entries,  T.  C.  Brinley,  premium. 

Cultivator,  two  entries,  T.  C.  Brinley.  premium. 

Wagon,  lirge  or  small ,  three  entries,  Zeb.  Ward,  premium. 

Hemp  Brdker,  one  entry,  W.  Adams,  premium. 

Plantation  Gate,  one  entry,  J.  C.  Montague,  premium. 

Specimen  for  Horse  Power,  two  entries,  Owens,  Lane  &  Dyer,  premium. 

Threshing  Machine,  two  entries,  Owens,  Lane  &  Dyer,  premium. 

Porta nle  Steam  Engine,  one  entry,  J.  A.  Humpreys.  premium. 

Corn  Crusher,  four  entries.  Little  Giant,  premium;  W.  R.  Joyce,  certificate. 

Wheat  Fan,    one  entry,  McKim  &  Co.,  premium. 

Clover  Seed  Mower,  Thresher  and  Cleaner,  one  entry,  Mr.  Kail,  premium. 

SILVER  AND  OTHER   WARE. 

Specimen  of  Silver  Ware,  one  entry,  Levi  Gardner,  premium. 

Specimens  of  Marble  or  Stoue  Cutting,  one  entry,  Mr.  M.  Pruden,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


GUNS. 

Rifle,  one  entry,  R.  Higgins,  piemium 
Shot  Gun,  one  entry,  R.  Higgins,  premium. 

CARRIAGES,    BUGGIES    AND    HARNESS. 

Carriage,  three  entries,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium  and  certificate. 
Set  of  Double  Harness,  three  entries,  J.  R.  Lincoln,   premium. 
Buggy  Harness,  one  entry,  J.  P.  Tingle,  premium. 
Best  Saddle  and  Bridle,  one  entry,  J.  P.   Tingle,  premium. 

AGRICULTURE — 1.    PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

Corn,  best  dozen  ears  for  Bread,  four  entries,  T.  J  Grimes,  premium. 
Best  dozen  ears  for  Stock,  five  entries,  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  premium. 
Wheat,  yield  per  acre,  four  entries,  G.  T.  Fishback,  premium. 

Best  specimen  of  one  bushel,  thirteen  entries,  Samuel  Maddox,  premium  and  certificate- 
Oats,  best  specimen  of  one  bushel,  one  entry,  Thomas  Muir,  premium. 

2.   HEMP. 
Hemp,  dew  Rotted,  four  entries,  Ed.  Allen,  piemium  and  certificate. 
Water  Rotted,  one  entry,  Captain  A.  Buford,  premium  and  certificate. 

3.    TIMOTHY    SEED. 

Kentucky  raised,  two  entries,  Thomas  Bryant,  premium. 

4.    ORCHARD. 

Apples,  best  display  of  good  varieties,  two  entries,  Joseph   F.  Frazier,  premium;  J.  Foley, 
certificate. 

Peaches,  one  entry,  Ed.  Turner,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  variety,  one  entry,  Ed.  Turner,  piemium  and  certificate. 

Pears,  one  entry,  B   G.  Bruce,  premium. 

Best  variety,  one  entry,  B.  G    Bruce,  premium. 

Quinces,  three  entries,  W.  A.  Pullum,  premium;   Mrs.  E.  B,  Colman,  certificate. 

Grapes,  display  of  hardy  varieties,  one  entry,  James  Foley,  premium. 

Grapes,  grown  under  glass,  one  entry,  Joel  Higgins,  premium. 

Kentucky  Wine,  six.  bottles,  five  entries,  T.  Smith,  premium. 

5.    GARDEN. 

Potatoes,  hest  display  of  varieties,  three  entries,  S.  Farra,  premium, 

Sweet  oi  Yam,  six  entries,  J.  W .  Sullivan,  premium. 

Display  of  varieties,  three  entries,  James  Foley,  certificate. 

Tomatoes,  six  entries,  J.  McCraeken,  piemium. 

Cabbage,  Drum  Head,  seven  entries,  James  Foley,  premium. 

Flat  Dutch,  six  entries,  J.  W.  Sullivan,  premium. 

Turnips,  table  use,  one  entry,  G.  VV.  Bosworth,  premium. 

Beets,  table  use,  four  entries,  Dr.  Chipley,  premium. 

Stock  use,  one  entry,  Dr.  Chipley.  premium. 

Parsnips,  four  entries,  James  Foley,  premium. 

Carrots,  for  stock,   five  entries,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Dudley,  premium. 

Celery,  two  entries,  John  McCraeken,  premium. 

Salsify,  three  entries,  James  Foley,  premium  and  certificate. 

Onions,  four  entries,  Dr.  Chipley,  premium. 

Egg  Plants,  three  entries,  James  Foley,  premium. 

Cantelopes,  three  entries,  G.  W.  Bosworth,  premium. 

Water  Melons,  two  entries,  G.  W.  Bosworth,  premium. 

Best  great  variety  of  Vegetables,  three  entries,  J.  McCraeken,  premium,. 

FLOWERS. 

Floral  design,  one  entry,  J.  S.  Wilson,  premium. 

Largest  and  handsomest  display  cut  Flowers,  one  entry,  J.S.  Wilson,  premium. 


F.  Dudley,  certificate. 


158  REPORT  OF  THE 

DAIRY,  ETC. 

Beat  Butter,  six  entries,  Mrs.  Ebon  Milton,  premium. 

Best  Cheese,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Dr.  Hurst,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  B.  Johnson,  certificate. 

Best  Honec  one  entry,  A.  B.  Bowman,  premium. 

Best  Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  Sam.  Downing,  premium;  Miss  Issa  Desha,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Loaf  Corn  Bread,  three  entries,  Mrs.  W.  N.  Cromwell,  premium  ;  Mrs.  E.  Curd,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  barrel  of  Flour,  three  entries,  A.  B.  Bowman,  premium;  F    Montmollen,  certificate. 

Best  Ham  Cooked,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  R.  Estell,  premium;   Mrs.  E.   Curd,  certificate. 

Best  assorted  Confectionery,  one  entry,  Miss  Issa  Desha,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK — 1.    BREEDING    CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  four  years  old  and  upwirds,  one  entry,  A.  Vanmeter,  premium. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  tour,  three  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  (Sirius,)  premi- 
um;   R    A.  Alexander,  (Elkahn,)  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  eight  entries,  Thomas  Hughes,  (Fansco,)  premium; 
J.  S.  McClelland,  (Towuley,)  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  thirteen  entries,  J.  B.  Clay,  (Royal  Duke,)  premium;  W 
D.  Gay,  (Coian,)  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  under  one  year,  seventeen  entries,  Newton  Craig,  premium;  B.  C.  Bedford,  (Fill- 
more,) certificate. 

Best  Cow,  lour  years  old  and  upwards,  eleven  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium;  Sol. 
Vanmeter,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Jerry  Duncan,  premium:  Ben  Waifield, 
Jr.,  cernticate. 

Best  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  lourteen  entries,  C.  S.  Garrard,  piemium;  Dr.  E.  War- 
field,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  under  one  year,  twenty  five  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium  and  certificate. 

2.    SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull,  nine  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium;  J.  B.  Clay, certificate. 

Best  Cow,  eleven  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium,  Dr.  E.  Waifield,  certificate. 

3.    FAT   CATTLE. 

Best  fat  Rullock,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  lour  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Sr.,  premium;  E 
Turner,  certificate. 

Kree  Martin  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  four  years  old,  two  entries,  C.  S.  Garrard,  premium; 
Isaac  Shelby,  certificate. 

Best  fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five 
entries,  Ed.  Turner,  premium. 

Best  fat  Bullock,  three  years  and  under  four,  W.  Adams,  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heiier,  two  years  and  under  three,  L.  Castleman,  pro- 
mium;  W.  R.  Estell,  ceititicate. 

Best  fat  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  W.  R.  Estell,  premium;  W.  Carter, 
certificate. 

Best  fat  Bullock,  under  one  year,  five  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium;  E.  R.  Smith, 
certificate. 

Five  best  five  fat  Sheep,  four  entries,  R.  T.  Dillard,  premium;  James  Foley,  certificate. 

4.   OXEN. 

Best  Yoke,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  ten  entries,  Jerry  Delph,  premium;  John  Allen, 
certificate. 

Best  yoke  under  three  years,  one  entry,  Jerry  Delph,  premium. 

5.   SHEEP. 
Long-wooled  Cotswold,  &c— Best  Buck,  three  entries,   Isaac  Smith,  premium;  Luke  Hop- 
kins, certificate. 

Best  Ewe,  eight  entries,  James  Foley,  premium  and  certificate. 

Midd'e  wool  Southdown  Buck,  two  entries,  C.  M.  Foley,  premium;  J.  B.  Clay,  certificate. 

Mitidle-wool  Southdown  Ewe.  eight  entries,  R.  A.   Alexander,  premium   ami  ceriinuaie. 

Fine  wool  Buck,  five  entries,  E.  C    Garrard,  premium;    VV'a  h  Miller,  certificate. 

F.n-j-«ool  Eive,  two  entries,  Wash  Miller,  premium;  E   C.  Bi\  ant,  certificate. 

Best  pair  Lambs,  six  entries,  James  Farm,  premium;  Luke  Hopkins,  ceititicate. 


- 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  159 

0.   SWEEPSTAKKS. 

Best  Buck,  seven  entries,  Isaac  Smith,  premium;  J.  W.  Cromwell,  certificate. 
Best  Lvve,  six  entries,  James  t'oley,  premium  ami  certificate. 

7.    HUGS. 

Boar,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  seven  entries,  Richard  Allen,  premium;  S.  H.  Clay,  cer- 
tificate. 

Boar,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  S.  II.  Clay,  premium;  J.  W.  Taylor,  New  York, 
certificate 

Bo.ir,  sis  months  and  under  one  year,  six   entries,  S.  II.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Sow,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  nix  entries,  Dr.  L.  P.  Taritou,  premium;  J.  VV .  'Taylor, 
New  York,  certificate. 

Sov.,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium;  Richard  Allen,  certificate. 

Pig,  bix  months  and  under  one  year,  six  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium;  Dr.  L.  P.  Tailton, 
certificate. 

Pair  rigs,  under  six  months,  nine  entries,  Richard  Allen,  premium;  S.  II.  Clay,  certificate. 

Five  lai  tlofjs,  two  entries,  James  ruley,  premium;   W .  R.  Estell,  certificate. 

'1  he  best  )uUe  of  oxen,  three  years  old,  were  sold  to  day  to  be  shipped  to  New  York,  and 
was  the  tiueot  that  were  ever  in  the  United  States.     'They  were  raised  by  Mr.  Delph. 

THIRD  DAY. 

LIVE  STOCK  —  I.  BLOODED  STALLIONS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  R.  A.  Alexander,  (Lexington,)  premium;  John  M, 
Clay,  (Star  Davis,)  cei  titicate. 

Three  years  auu  under  lour,  one  entry,  Cant.  A.  Buford,  premium. 

Two  _\ ears  and  under  three,  six  entries,  F.  G.  Murphy,  Nelson  county,  premium;  G.  W. 
Johnson,  certificate. 

One  }ear  aud  under  two,  four  entries,  J.  H.  Cooper,  premium;  Dr.  E.    Warfield,  certificate. 

Stud  Colt,  under  one  year,  eight  entries,  Keeue  Richards,  premium;  John  Viley,  certificate. 

2.    BLOODED    BROOD    MARES. 

Four  years  and  upward,  eleven  entries,  T.  H.  Clay,  (Victoria,)  premium;  J.  C.  Montague, 
certificate. 

'J  In ee  years  and  under  (our,  one  entry,  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  (Clivia,)  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  (Rescue,)  premium;  A.  J.  Reed, 
certificate. 

One  year  aud  under  two,  twelve  entries,  Keene  Richards,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexander,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Colt,  uuder  one  year,  six  entries,  T.  II.  Clay,  (Leila,)  premium;  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  cer- 
tificate. 

3.  DRAFT    STALLIONS. 

Three  years  and  upwards, six  entries,  G.  L.  Chiles,  premium;  Thos.  Steele,  certificate. 

4.  MARES    FOR    DRAFT. 

Three  years  old  and  upwards,  fifteen  entries,  J.  W.  Kimbrough,  premium;  M.  H.  Parker, 
certificate. 

'Two  \  ears  and  under  three,  one  entry,  E.  W.  Taylor,  premium. 
Best  Dralt  Gelding,  ten  entries,  Jacob  Hughes,  premium. 

5.    MULES. 

Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  three  entries,  L.  Railey,  17  hands  2},<  inches  high, 
premium;  B.  B  Groom,  17  hands _'£%  inches   high,  certificate. 

horse  Mule,  one  yea.-  and  under  t-vvo,  two  entries,  Chiles  &  Muir,  premium. 

Horse  Mule  Colt,  three  entries,  John  b\  Pay-tie,  premium;  G.  A.  Sprig,  certificate. 

Mate  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  six  entries,  S.  Muir,  premium;  R.  M.  Johnson,  cer- 
tificaie. 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  Dora  Veal,  premium;  John  Thorn,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Mule  Colt,  nine  entries.  J.  II   Cooper,  premium;  W.  G.  Hodges,  certificate. 

Pair  broke  Mules,  tour  entries,  T.  VV.  Marr,  premium;  P.  Craig,  certificate. 

6.   JENNETS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  four  entries,  J    H.  Cooper,  premium;  T.  M.  Burford,  certificate. 

Jem.et,  three  years  and  under  lour,  lour  entries,  H.Thompson,  premium;  S.  J.  Salher*,  cer- 
tificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  and  uuder  three,  two  entries,  Jos.  Graves,  premium;  H.  S.Elgin,  cer- 
tificate. 


160  REPORT  OF  THE 

Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Dudley  Tribble,  14  hands  3  iaohes  high,  premi- 
um;  M.  II.  Parker.  14  hands  %  inch  high,   certificate. 

Jennet,  under  one  year,  three  entries,  B.  B.  Groom,  premium;  T.  J.  Isles,  certificate. 

7.   JACKS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  eight  entries,  J.  F.  Payne,  15  hands  }£  inch  high,  premium; 
Lewis  &  Stelson,  15  hands  1)<2'  inches  high,  certificate. 

Jacks,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entiies,  N.  P.  Green,  15  hands  1  inch  high,  pre- 
mium; Joseph  Graves,  14  hands  }4  inch  high,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  R.  C.  Boggs,  15  hands  high,,  premium;  R.  VV. 
Lowry,  15  hands  %  inch  high,  certificate. 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Daniel  Talbott,  14  hands  2}^  inches  high, 
premium;   Robert  Ray,  14  hands  3  inches  high,  certificate. 

Jack,  under  one  year,  four  entries,  Joseph  Hearne,  11  hands  3  inches  high,  premium;  M. 
H.  Parker,  thirteen  hands  \%  inches  high,  certificate. 

8.    SWEEPSTAKES. 

Premiums  for  all  ages  and  kinds,  including  previous  premiums,  Jacks,  fourteen  entries,  J. 
F.  Payne,  premium;  C.  Lindsey  &  Co  ,  certificate. 

Jennets,  six  entries,  D.  Tiioble,  premium;  Joseph  Graves,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK — 1.    STALLIONS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  Downing  &  Alexander,  premium,  (for  Ed.  For- 
rest;) VV.  Webster,  certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  five  entries,  Pat.  Bolan,  premium;  E,  R.  Smith,  certifi- 
cate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Solomon  Lowe,  premium;  Z.  Ward,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  and  under  two,  twenty  two  entries,  W.  B.  Cromwell,  premium;  James  Henderson, 
certificate. 

Under  one  year,  sixteen  entries.  E.  R.  Smith,  premium;  0.  Frazier,  certificate. 

2.    MARES  FOR    HARNESS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  fifteen  entries,  John  H.  Moore,  premium;  W.  M.  Dills,  certifi- 
cate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  four  entries,  A.  Romar,  premium;  C.  Nutter,  certifi- 
cate. 

Two  and  under  three,  nine  entries,  T.  L.  Coons,  premium;  M.  S.  Broadwell,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  and  under  two,  ten  entries,  W.  L.  Allen,  premium;  W.  D.  Crockett,  certificite 

Under  one  year,  twenty  one  entries,   M.  H.  Parker,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate. 

3.    GELDINGS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  fifteen  entries,  Thomas  Bowman,  premium;  R.  S.  Bullock,  certifi- 
cate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  six  entries,  EI.  Nichols,  premium;  R.  P.  Pepper,  certifi- 
cate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  seven  entries,  R.  Nutter,  premium;  C.  C.  Rogers,  certifi- 
cate. 

4.    CARRIAGE  AND   BUGGY  HORSES. 

Best  pair  of  Carriage  Horses,  six  entries,  Dr.  J.  R.  Desha,  premium;  J.  K.  Lincoln,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  pair  of  Buggy  Horses,  five  entries,  T.  F.  Marr,  premium;  J.  R.  Ward,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  pair  of  Buggy  Mares,  three  entries,  John  R.  Dunbar,  premium;  A.Cohen,  certifi 
cate. 

5.    STALLIONS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Best  stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  three  eurtries,  Cromwell  &  Gaines,  premium; 
P.  E.  Todhutiter,  certificate. 

Best  stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  J.  Mcllvain,  premium;  James  Car- 
lisle, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  Cromwell  &  Gaines,  premium;  W.  F. 
Rodes,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  1G1 

6.    MARES  FOR    SADDLE. 

Best  Mitre,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  eleven  entries,  Noah  Ferguson,  premium;  S.  Down- 
ing, certificate. 

Best  Mare,  three  and  under  four,  seven  entries,  P.  &  H.  Hedges,  premium;  Sam.  Muir, 
cenificaie. 

Best  Mare,  two  and  under  three,  five  entries,  T.  W.  Lewis,  premium;  Noah  Ferguson,  cer- 
tificate. 

7.    GELDINGS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  twenty  seven  entries,  Robert  Prewitt,  premium; 
E.  U.  Bryan,  certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  eleven  entries,  T.  F.  Marr,  premium;  R.  S. 
Cluke,  certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  Logan  Railey,  premium. 

Best  Gelding,  oue  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  R.  Nutter,  premium;  W.  E.  Scott,  cer 
tificate. 

Best  Pony,  rode  by  boy  under  thirteen,  ten  entries,  T.  F.  Marr,  premium. 

8.    SWEEPSTAKES. 

Premiums  for  all  ages  and  kinds,  including  previous  premiums — Stallions,  eleven  entries, 
H.  Benton,  premium;  Sol.   Lowe,  certificate. 

Mares,  twenty  five  eutries,  Richard  Downing,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate. 


LOGAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 
Robert  Brovvder,  President;  George   R.  Bibb,  Secretary.     From  an 
article  in  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  it  appears  that  this  Society  held 
her  third  Fair  near  Russellville,  in  three  days,  beginning  September 
30,  1856.     The  account  is  as  follows,  together  with  the  awards  : 

The  third  annua!  Fair  of  the  Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was 
held  near  Russellville,  at  the  grounds  of  the  Society,  on  September  30th,  and  October  1st  and 
2d.  The  attendance  was  large,  and  the  exhibition  very  fine  in  nearly  all  departments.  The 
Russellville  Herald,  in  publishing  the  premium  list,  savs  : 

"I  he  display  of  domestic  articles  on  the  first  d  ly  was  large  and  attractive,  and  creditable  in 
the  highest  degree  to  the  skill  and  taste  of  the  lady  competitors  for  the  premiums.  One  quilt, 
though  not  as  fine  and  showy  as  some  others  on  exhibition,  especially  attracted  our  attention 
It  was  ornamented,  in  needle  work,  with  a  skillful  and  ingenious  view  of  the  Fair  Grounds, 
ring,  horses,  people,  carriages,  &c.  A  more  difficult  and  tasty  piece  of  needle-work  we  have 
never  seen.  Many  other  articles  are  deserving  of  special  notice,  but  want  of  space  forbids  u9 
that  pleasure  The  displays  of  agricultural  implements,  horses,  cattle,  etc.,  were  very  good, 
though  perhaps  not  as  large  as  last  year." 

The  list  of  awards,  complete,  is  published  below  : 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Superfine  Jeans,  two  entries,  Mrs.  T.  Offutt,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  H.  Young,  certificate. 
Negro  Jeans,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Wm.  McCearley,  premium. 

Negro  Linsev,  three  entries,  Mrs.  John  P.  Tullv,  premium;  Mrs.  E.  J.  Carr,  certificate. 
Flannel,  three  entries,  Mrs.  G.  VV.  Ewiiisr,  premium;   Mrs.  Win.  McCearley,  certificate. 
Pair  of  Blankets,  three  entries.  Mrs.  B.  K.  Tully,  premium;  Mrs.  R    H.  Young,  certifi  -ate. 
Jeans  Coat,  two  entries,  Mis.  J.  B.  Walton,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  M.  Caldwell,  certtfionte; 
Pair  of  Pants,  three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  Walton,  premium;   Mis.    Wm.  M.  Caldwell,  certificate. 
Shirt,  six  entries.  Mrs.  Win.  M.  Caldwell,  premium;   Miss  Viiginia  Ivey,  certificate. 
Shirt  made  by  a  Girl  under  twelve  years  old,  three  entries,  Miss  Mary  S.  Young,  premium; 
Miss  Harriet  S.indifer,  certificate. 

Quilt,  four  entries,  Mrs.  D.  Morton,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  G.  H.  Boyd,  certificate. 

11 


162  REPORT  OF  THE 

Quilt,  plain  patchwork,  thirteen  entries,  Miss  G.  A.  Barner,  premium;  Mrs.  II.  Clay  Gillum, 
certificate. 

Woolen  Coverlet,  eight  entries,  Mrs  G  W.  Ewing,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  II.  Young,  certificate. 

Counterpane,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  G.  H.  Collins,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Travis,  ceititicate. 

Woolen  Carpet,  one  entry,  Wm.  MuCearley,  premium. 

Rag  Carpet,  three  entries,  Mrs.J'hn  Barner,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  F,  Gaines,  certificate. 

Flax  Linen,  two  entries,  Mrs.  T.  Offutt,   premium  and  certificate. 

Woolen  Hose,  five  entries,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Ewing,  premium;  Mrs.  B.  T.  Blewett,  certificate. 

Half  Hose,  by  Girl  under  twelve  years  old,  three  entries,  Miss  F.  S.  Evans,  premium;  Miss 
Mary  Tully.  certificate. 

Silk  Bonnet,  three  entries,  Mrs.  T.  K.  Foster,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fancy  Dress  Bonnet,  three  entries,  Miss  Virginia  Ivey,  premium;  Mrs.  James  S.  Fall,  cer- 
tificate. 

Fine  Linen,  white  or  colored,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  T.  Evans,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm  McCear 
ley,  certificate. 

Table  Linen,  one  entry,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Ewing,  premium. 

Needle  work,  on  Linen  or  Muslin,  twelve  entries,  Mrs.  J.  B.  Walton,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Worsted  Embroidery,  eleven  entries,  Mrs.  James  S.  Fall,  premium;  Miss  Doss, 'certificate. 

Embroidery  on  Silk  or  Velvet,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  T.  K.  Foster,  premium;  Mrs.  Daniel 
Morton,  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Two-horse  Stubble  Plow,  one  entry,  J.  13.  Wills,  premium. 
Best  Roller,  for  farm  purposes,  one  entry,  E   O.  Hawkins,  premium. 
Wheat  Fan,  one  entry,  Pumphy  &  Daggy,  premium. 
Large  Wagon  and  Bed,  one  entry,  T.  Offuit,  premium. 

Two  horse  Wagon  and  Bed,  two  entries,  Thomas   &  Miller,  premium;  Jacob  Yost,  certifi- 
cate. 
Carriage  or  Buggy  Harness,  one  entry,  Tate  &  Co  ,  premium. 

FOWLS. 

Pair  of  Chickens,  four  entries,  S.O.  Rutherford,  premium;  J.  B.  Walton,  certificate. 

FRUIT. 

Best  display  of  Fruit,  two  entries,  J.  S.  Downer,  premium;  W.  B.  Hughes,  certificate. 

VEGETABLES. 

Barrel  of  Irish  Potatoes,  two  entries,  W.  Taylor,  premium;  R.  H.  Young,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best  Harness  Stallion  three  years  old  and  upwards,  four  entries,  Dr.  David  King,  premium; 
W.  R-  Smith,  certificate. 

Best  Harness  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  sixteen  entries,  J.  W.  Foster,  premium; 
Z.  M.  Beall,  certificate. 

Span  of  Harness  Geldings  or  Mares,  three  entries,  G.  A.  Harreld,  premium;  Joseph  Offutt, 
certificate. 

Buggy  Gelding  or  Mare,  six  entries,  G.  A.  Harreld,  premium;  T.  C.  Cogghill,  certificate. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  Dr.  David  King,  premium;  W.  R. 
Covington,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  R.  II.  Younger,  premi 
um;  C  Gla->s,  certificate. 

•Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  fouricntries,  Wm.  Cushenberry,  premi- 
um; T.  Stringer,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  under  one  year,  six  entries,  Dr.  N.  Conn,  premium;  Henry  Mil- 
ler, certificate. 

Saddle  Mire,  three  years  and  upwards.  Miles  Kelly,  premium; ,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness,  mare  two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  S.  O.  Rutherford,  premium; 
McLean  VlcClannahan,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Mare, one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  Peter  Shields,  premium;  A.  J. 
McLean,  certificate. 

Saddle  Gelding  or  Mare,  fifteen  entries,  Dr.  Joseph  B.  Peyton,  premium;  T.  J.  Jeffries,  cer- 
tificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  163 

BLOODED    STOCK. 

Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,  two  emries,  Wiley  Taylor,  premium;  Miles  Kel- 
ly, certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  Dr   E.  B.  Edwards,  premium. 
Blood. d  Stallion,  one  \ear  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Jacob  Yost,  premium. 

Blooded  Stud  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  Miles  Kelly,  premium;  S.  H.  Gill,  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  nine  entries,  W.  Taylor,  premium;  Miles  Kelly,  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Wiley  Taylor  premium;  Miles  Kel- 
ly, certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  eleven  entries,  W.  Taylor,  premium; ,  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year,  three  entries,  Miles  Kelly,  premium  and  certificate, 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  Jackson  Thurmand,  premium,  VVm.  McCeap- 
ley,  certificate. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  E.  0,  Hawkins,  premium;  Dr  David  King, 
cersificate. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  K.  C.   Mason,  premium;  W.  K.   Smith,  certiS- 

t  a 


cate 


ie. 

Buli  Calf, unde:  one  year,  six  ei  tries,  E.  O.  Hawkins,  premium;  G  R.  Bibb,  certificate. 
Cow,  three  years  and  upwards,  4  entries,  G.    R   Biub,  premium;  E.  O.  Hawkins,  certificate. 
Cow,  two  years  aud  under  three,  two  entries,  Dr.  G.  R.  Bibb,  premium;  Col.  J.  W.  Maloue, 
cei  titicate. 

Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  Chas.  Asher,  premium;  T.  Oifutt,  certificate. 
Heifer  Calf,  under  one  year,  Dr.  G.  R.  Bibb,  premium  and  certificate. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  two  entries,  Dr.  David  King,  premium;  H.  M.  Dudley,  certificate. 
Best  pair  of  Pigs,  one  mouth  and  uuder,  seven  entries,  G.  VV.  Gill,  premium;  H.  M.  Dudleys 
certificate. 

Best  Sow,  four  entries,  J.  M.  Beall,  premium  and  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Long  Wool  Ewe,  two  entries,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium  and  certificate. 

Long  Wool  Buck  Lamb,  under  one  year,  six  entries,  Dr.  David  King,  premium;  B.  K.  Tully, 
certificate. 

Short  Wool  Buck,  three  entries,  R.  Humphreys,  premium;  Chas.  Asher,  certificate. 

Shoit  Wool  Ewe,  three  entries,  Charles  Asher,  premium;   Dr.  David  King,  certificate. 

Short  Wool  Buck  Lamb,  under  one  year,  three  entires,  Charles  Asher,  premium;  Dr.  Davitl 
King,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,  seven  entries,  G.  P.  Ewing,  premium;  Thomp- 
son King,  certificate. 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  Z.  M.  Beall,  premium^ 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  one  year  and  uuder  two,  three  entries.  Z.  M.  Beall,  premium;  Henry 
Milieu,  certificate. 

Best  Draft  Colt,  under  one  year,  four  entries,  VV.  L.  Cornett,  premium;  John  Finch,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Draft  Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  fifteen  entries,  T.  Offutt,  premium;  Dr.  N.  Conn, 
certiticaie. 

Best  Draft  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  T.  King,  premium;  E.  0.  Hawkins 
certificate. 

Best  Draft  Mare, one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  James  Steel,  premium;  Chas.  Gillum 
certificate. 

Best  DwiiX  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year,  six  entries,  M.  B.  Morton,  premium;  Charles  Gillum 
certificate. 

MULE3,  JACKS,  AND  JENNETS. 

Best  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  seven  entries,  E.  J.  Carr,  premium;  Wm.  McCearlev, 
certificate. 

Best  Mule  Colt,  under  one  year,  13  entries,  Dr.  N.  Conn,  premium;  L.  H.  Ferguson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Mule,  of  any  age,  fourteen;  entries,  L.  H.  Ferguson,  premium;  John  Q.  Hite,  certifi- 
cate, 


164  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Jack,  three  years  and  upwards,  six  entries,  G.  P.  Ewing,  premium;  A.  M.  McCIain, 
certificate. 

Best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  13.  K.  Tully,  premium;  Isaac  Hinkle,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Jack  Colt,  under  one  year,  three  entries,  A.  B    Ray,  premium,   Miles  Kelly,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  J.  VV.  Ma  one,  premium;  B.  K.  Tally, 
certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  B.  F.  Ray,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  B.  K.  Tally,  premium;  B.  F.  Ray,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Jennet  Colt  under  one  year,  one  enk,rv,  Peter  Stowner.  premium. 

Best  sample  of  Tobacco,  one  entry.  Coleman  GUI,  premium. 

Best  five  bushels  of  Wheat,  two  entries,  David  King,  premium;  J.  C.  Travis,  certificate. 

Best  Hedge,  one  fourth  of  a  mile  iu  length,  two  entries,  VV.  B.  Uughes,  premium;  George 
II.  Collins,  certificate. 


KENTUCKY  MECHANICS'  INSTITUTE, 
Louisville,  Kentucky. 

A  full  Report  of  this  popular  and  useful  Society  has  been  received 
from  the  officers.  The  whole  is  comprised  in  a  neatly  printed  pam- 
phlet of  72  pages.  It  includes  a  Report  of  the  Fourth  Annual  Exhib- 
ition in  Louisville,  and  also  an  excellent  Address  from  Mr.  R.  T.  Dur- 
rett  on  that  occasion. 

We  have  only  room  in  this  Report. for  the  names  of  the  officers,  and 
the  Report  of  the  Exhibition  Committee  to  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  Institute,  which  are  as  follows,  viz: 

Officers. — George  Ainslie,  President;  W.  H.  Dulaney,  Vice  Presi- 
dent; Frank  W.  Vodges,  Recording  Secretary;  J.  D.  O'Leary,  Corres- 
ponding Secretary;  C.  Theodore  Vennigherholz.  Treasurer;  D.  Mc- 
Pherson,  Actuary;  George  Brobston,  W.  H.  Dix,  A.  P.  Cochran,  E. 
Barbarous.  John  B.  Daviess,  R,  Skene,  J.  O.  Campbell,  C.  C.  Hull,  O. 
Truman,  and  William  Kaye,  Directors. 

REPORT  OF  EXHIBITION  COMMITTEE. 

To  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'1  Institute: 
Gentlemen — The  following  is  the  Report  of  your  Exhibition  Committee: 
About  the  first  of  July,  a  circular  was  issued,  inviting  contributions    to  the  Exhibition,  and 

giving  information  as  to  the  rules  and  regulations.     It  was   distributed    plentifully  in  the  city, 

and  to  every  part  of  the  country.     The  following  is  a  copy: 

Fourth  Exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  to  be  held  in  Louisville  in 
'September  and  October,  1-nti —  I  he  success  which  has  crowned  the  exhibitions  of  this  Insti- 
tute, in  what  may  be  considered  its  chrysalis  state,  is  not  only  evidence  of  the  merit  and  prac- 
tical utility  of  such  Expositions  of  Industrial  Pursuit*  and  the  Fine  Arts,  but  a  sure  guar- 
antee of  tiie  bright  lutuie  that  awaits  the  properly  directed  energies  of  the  friends  of  this  en- 
terprise. 

Louisville  is  at  this  time  more  fully  imbued  with  the  spirit  of  fostering  and  encouraging 
Manufacturers  and  Mechanics  than  ever  before  in  her  history.  The  action  of  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  to  make  Louisville  the  Manchester  of  the  West,  has  met  with  the  sanction 
and  hearty  co  operation  of  all  classes  of  our  citizens.  The  Spirit  of  Progress  is  aroused. 
The  Manufacturer's,  the  Merchant's,  the  Mechanic's,  and  the  Artist's  motto  now  is — Onward. 
From  this  new  impulse,  our  Exhibition  ol  I H5H  will  derive  great  advantages  To  its  well  fill- 
ed Hall  all   eves  will  be  directed  to  uiaik  the  advance  iu  our  uiiuiuiuetures,  aud  the  increased 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  165 

development  of  the  sciences.  The  Committee  therefore  extern!  a  cordi  tl  invitation  to  all 
Mechanic..*,  Manufacturers,  and  Artists,  ol'  this  and  other  States,  to  contribute  such  specimens 
of  lli'cir  skill  as  may  fai'rljF  represent  the  .stare  of  the  arts  in  this  country  I 

We  cannot  toe)  strongly    urge  upon  ihe  Ladies  the   increased   interests   of  our  Exhibitionss 
when  the  products  of  their  ti.»te  and  ingenuity  embelli.-h  our  walls,  and  decorate  our  tables. 
Everv  facility  will  be  afforded  contributors  to  display  their  goods  to  advantage 
A  steam  engine  and  shafting  of  Sufficient  power,  and  a  careful   Superintendent  have  been, 
provided,  that  working  models  of  machinery  may  be  exhibited  in   motion. 

IVr.-ons,  intending  to  exhibit,  are  requested  to  inform  the  Actuary,  1).  McPherson,  as  to  the 
amount  of  space  their  articles  will  probably  occupy- 
All  articles  must  be  carefully  packed  and  directed  to   the    Kentucky    Mechanics'    Institute;, 
care  of  Carter  &,  Jouetf,  Louisville,  Ky. 

The  annexed  Regulations  have  been  adopted  for  the  government,  of  the  Exhibition,  and 
will  be  strictly  adhered  to. 

GEORGE   A1NSLIE,         ) 
W     H     DULvNEY  >  Committee 

GEORGE  BROBoTON, ) 
LouisvtLLE,  July  1,  1856. 

• 
REGULATIONS. 

1.  The  Exhibition  EJall  will  be  ready  for  the  reception  of  sjoods  on  Tuesday,  September 
If tli,  and  opened  lor  the  admi-siou  of  visitors  on    Tuesday,  September  '10th,  at  7  P    M. 

2.  No  arricle  deposited  after  Tuesday,  September  311th,  can  be  entered  for  competition  or 
premium,  but  will  be  received  for  exhibition  only;  except  such  as  the  Committee  shall  be  sat- 
isfied were  dispatched  from  a  distance  in  time  to  have  reached  the  Exhibition  Hall  by  that 
day,  but  failed  to  arrive  from  unavoidable  detention. 

3.  All  articles  entered  lor  competition  must  be  of  American  manufacture,  and  can  only  be 
entered  in  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  or  his  agent,  and  must  be  appropriately  designated 
and  labeled. 

4.  Depositors  must,  at  the  time  of  entry,  furnish  the  Clerk  with  a  written  invoice  of  all  ar- 
ticles deposited  by  thein,  stating  explicitly  what  articles  are  entered  for  competition,  and 
what  for  exhibition  onlv';  giving  the  name  and  address  of  the  maker  of  all  articles  entered 
for  competition,  signed  by  the  depositor.  A  failure  to  furnish  >n  h  statement  at  the  time  of 
entry  will  exclude  such  articles  from  the  examination  of  the  Judges. 

5.  Apprentices  and  minors,  who  contribute  articles  of  their  own  manufacture  or  inventions 
shall  specify  their  age  and  the  time  they  have  worked  at  their  business. 

6  No  article  can  be  removed  from  the  Exhibition  after  having  been  recorded,  without  spe 
cial  permission  of  the  Committee,  to  whom  written  application  must  tie  made. 

7.  Articles  designed  for  exhibition  only,  will  be  admitted  free  of  charge. 

8.  Judges  of  the  respective  classes  or  articles  will  be  appointed  previous  to  opening  the 
Exhibition;  and  from  8  to  10  each  morning  will  be  especially  set  apart  for  the  examination  of 
articles;  and  no  persons,  except  the  Exhibition  Committee,  will  tie  admitted  during  those 
hours,  unless  some  explanation  be  desired  by  the  Judges,  when  all  competitors  in  the  same 
class  will  be  notified  to  attend. 

y.  Proof,  as  to  the  origin  of  every  article  entered,  must  be  furnished  if  required  by  the 
Judges. 

1(1.  Gold,  silver,  and  brorze  Medals,  and  Diplomas  will  be  awarded  for  such  articles  as  the 
Judges  shall  decide  to  be  of  superior  merit,  and  Special  Premiums  will  be  awarded  for  the 
most  meritorious  articles  offered  in  the    Exhibition. 

1 1.  Each  depositor  is  entitled  to  a  ticket  admitting  a  specified  person,  if  necessary,  to  take 
charge  of  his  goods. 

12.  All  articles  deposited  will  be  at  the  risk  of  the  owner. 

13.  'Ihe  Hall  "ill  be  under  the  care  of  prudent  ami  careful  men  both  night  and  day. 

14  Opportunity  will  be  offered  to  depositors,  on  the  last  night  of  the  Exhibition,  of  dispos 
ing  of  their  articles  at  auction  or  otherwise. 

Articles  sent  from  a  distance  should  be  directed  "Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  care  of 
Carter  &  Jouelt,  Louisville,  Ky." 

To  attract  the  attention  of  those  likely  to  contribute,  and  to  interest  the  people  in  it,  the 
Exhibition  was  advertised  extensively  in  the  various  daily,  tri  weekly,  and  weekly  papers  of 
the  city,  and  in  the  Scientific  American.  As  a  further  means  of  bringing  it  to  the  notice  of 
the  people,  frequent  editorial  notices  were  published;  and  the  manufacturers,  merchants,  and 
others  of  the  city,  notified  personally  by  members  of  the  B  >ird  and  the  Actuary. 

It  having  become  necessary,  but  a  short  time  before  the  opening  of  the  Exhibition,  to  re- 
mo\e  the  building,  measures  were  taken  to  do  so.  The  present  site,  after  a  careful  consider 
ation  of  the  locations  in  the  market,  was  selected;  and  the   Hall  was  taken  down,  removed, 


166  BEPORT  OF  THE 

find  rebuilt  a3  rapidly  ns  possible.  It  was  ready  for  the  reception  of  articles  by  the  time  ad- 
vertised, wlien  it  was  repaired  and  decorated,  so  as  to  make  it  convenient  for  exhibitors,  and 
comfortable  and  attractive  for  visitors. 

The  Exhibition  was  opened  on  Tuesday  evening,  September  30th,  with  an  address  by  Wm. 
Atwood,  Esq.,  and  was  closed  oil  Wednesday  evening,  October  29th,  with  an  address  by  R- 
T.  Durrett,  Esq.  The  next  evening,  Thursday,  October  30th,  the  Hail  was  again  opened  for 
the  disposal  at  auction  of  such  articles  as  their  owners  wished  sold,  the  receipts  at  the  door  to 
be  given  to  the  poor.  Including  Thursday,  the  Exhibition  was  open  just  one  month  —  twenty- 
Beven  nights,  exclusive  of  Sundays. 

Considering  the  many  unfavorable  circumstances — the  removal  of  the  building  at  such 
short  notice  and  so  sreat  an  expense,  the  unusually  low  stage  of  the  river,  the  bad  weather, 
&c  — we  consider  the  exhibition  as  very  successful — exceeding  our  expectations.  We  think 
the  result  proves  that  the  Institute  has  advanced  in  public  favor,  and  that  its  benefits  are  now 
more  generally  felt  and  appreciated  than  ever  before. 

The  following  is  the  financial  statement: 

EXHIBITION  ACCOUNT. 

DEBITS. 

To  removing  exhibition  building  and  extra  work, $1,255  00 

To  roofing, 408  90 

To  whitewashing  exhibition  building, 95  00 

To  cotton  for  ceiling  aud  tables, £9  G6 

To  gas  fixtures, -  71  00 

To  force  pump,  pipe  and  fittings,  &c,  and  work  on  same,          ....  6H  77 

To  putting  up  shafting,  kc,     -         -         -         - 57  90 

To  setting  boiler, 39  55 

To  carpenter's  work  on  tables,  &c, 36  52 

To  putting  up  hangings,  &c., 27  00 

To  evergreens,  and  putting  up  same, 25  00 

To  putting  up  muslin   for  ceiling,     -                            ......  gll  70 

To  moving  and  putting  up  chimney, -         -  20  00 

To  painting  and  gazing, 14  97 

To  lumber,  sash,  &c, -         -  42  42 

To  placing  boiler  and  fountain, 10  00 

To  doorkeepers  and  police,       -         -■ 424  00 

To  Ticket  seller, 78  00 

To  laborers, 62  20 

To  engineer, 47  50 

To  musicians, 21  I   70 

To  gas, 322  10 

To  coal, £3  50 

To  water, 42  00 

To  drayage,  car  hire,  &c, ....  13  10 

To  printing  and  advertising, 222  50 

To  premiums,  -------------  203  21 

To  printing  reports. 100  00 

To  donation  to  Relief  and  Employment  Association, 100  00 

To  postage,      -                                    9  00 

To  insurance  on  Inman's  house,       ---------  82  00 

To  insurance  on  exhibition  building, 62  50 

To  sundries, 24  90 

Total, S4,3b9  60 


By  cash  at  door,  September  30th, 

By  cash  at  door,  October  I,       - 

By  cash  at  door,  October  2,      -----         - 

By  cash  at  door,  October  3,      -         -         -         -         - 

By  cash  at  door,  October  4, 

By  cash  at  door,  Oc'.ober  6, 

Amount  carried  forward, $554  25 


$96 

25 

29 

50 

77 

66 

92 

6t3 

96 

00 

162 

25 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


Amount  brought  forward, $554  55 

By  cash  at  door,  October  7, 146  50 

By  cash  at  door,  October  8, 156  50 

Bv  cash  at  door,  October  9, 153  25 

By  cash  at  door,  October  10, 129  40 

By  cash  at  door,  October  II, Ill   35 

By  cash  at  door,  October  13,  (not  open  at   night)     -  - 

Bv  cash  at  door,  October  14, 135  75 

By  casli  at  door,  October  15, 212   15 

Bv  cash  at  door,  October  16,    -         - 114  65 

By  cash  at  door,  October  17, 37-2  55 

By  cash  at  door,  October  18, 159  40 

By  cash  at  door,  October  20,    - 163  65 

By  cash  at  door,  October  21, 166  75 

By  cash  at  door,  October  22, 150  00 

By  cash  at  door,  October  23, 136  65 

By  cash  at  door,  October  24, 88  50 

By  cash  at  door,  October  25, 80  25 

B V  cash  at  door,  October  27, 43  80 

By  cash  at  door,  October  2^,    - 41  50 

By  cash  at  door,  October  29, 101  75 

By  cash  at  door,  October  30, 132  25 

$3,349  85 

By  season  tickets— 82, 246  00 

By  minors'  season  tickets — 133, 133  00 

By  rent  of  refreshment  saloon, 156  00 

By  sale  of  tickets  at  Hotels, 54  50 

By  commissions  at  auction  sale,        -  ......  15  90 

Total  cash  receipts, $3,955  25 

By  amount  cotton,  force  pump,  pipe,  lumber,  sash,  gold    medals,  &c,  charge- 
able to  stock  account, 245  85 

Making, $4,201   10 

Difference  (short), 168  50 

$4,369  60 

Owing  to  the  removal  of  the  building  at  such  short  notice,  exhibitors  were  rather  later  than 
usual  in  sending  their  contributions  to  the  Hall,  thinking,  probably,  that  the  building  would 
not  be  ready  so  soon  as  advertised;  but  it  gives  us  pleasure  to  state,  that,  in  a  short  time,  the 
Hall  became  very  well  filled — towards  the  close  rather  crowded — and  that,  too,  with  articles 
principally  of  home  manufacture.  We  think  there  was  a  larger  proportion  of  articles  made 
here  than  in  any  former  year. 

We  conclude  with  the  hope  that  these  exhibitions  will  steadily  and  rapidly  increase  in  inter- 
est and  utility,  which  will  assuredly  result  from  aright  appreciation  of  them  by  the  community" 

GEORGE  AINSLIE, 
W.  H.  DULANEY, 
GEO.  BROB3TON, 

Exhibition  Com. 
D.  McPherson,  Sec'y  Exhibition  Committee. 


JC8  REPORT  OF  THE 

NELSON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  ASSOCIATION. 
The  following  Report  of  the  first  Fair  of  this  Society  is  extracted 
from  the  Western  Farm  Journal — no  Report  having  been  made  : 

The  first  annual  Fair  of  this  Society  was  held  near  Bardstown.  We  were  not  able  to  grati- 
fy the  desire  which  we  had-to  attend  it,  and  have  neither  received  nor  observed  in  our  ex- 
changes any  account  of  its  proceedings.  The  Bardstown  Gazette,  of  the  5ih  inst ,  published 
the  list  of  awards  without  comment.  This  we  copy.  The  fair  may  have  been  properly  no- 
ticed in  a  previous  issue  of  that  paper,  which  failed  to  reach  us.  We  trust  it  was;  for  our 
local  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  ought  to  receive  the  especial  attention  of  the 
local  press. 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  Mrs.  lverson  Bryant,  premium  and  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  Mrs.  T  S.  Speed,  premium;  Mrs.S.  C.  Bealmear,  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  T.  S.  Speed,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  H.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  Wm    Murphy,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  M.  Murphy,  certificate. 

Woolen  Quilt,  Mrs.  W.  Thompson,  premium;  Mrs.  Josephine  McKay,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  S.  R.  Womack,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Thompson,  certificate. 

JSmbi'oldery,  Miss  C.  Coolidge,  premium;  Miss  Lizzie  Johnson,  certificate. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  Miles,  premium. 

Tow  Linen,  Mis    Miles,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Bealmear,  premium. 

Woolen  Half  Hose,  Mrs   S.  G.  Adams,  premium. 

Centre  Table,  E    B.  Russell,  premium. 

White  Counterpane,  Mrs.  C.  A.  VVicklitfe,  premium;  Miss  Polly  Ball,  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL    MACHINERY. 

Two  horse  Plow,  R.  G.  Foster,  premium;  J.  H.  Lilly,  certificate. 
One  horse  Plowy  R.  G.  Foster,  premium. 

POULTRY. 

Turkeys.  Mrs   Wm.  Johnson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Ducks,  Mrs.  Wm   Johnson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Large  Chickens,  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  G.  Adams,  certificate. 

Game  Chickens,  I.  G.  Johnson,  premium;  Wm.  Johnson,  certificate. 

Best  display  of  Poultry,  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  premium  and  certificate. 

FIELD    AND    GARDEN    PRODUCTS. 

Wheat,  lverson  Bryant,  premium. 

Corn,  for  Bread.  B    E.  Montgomery,  premium;  Tverson  Bryant,  certificate. 
Corn,  for  Stock,  E.  E.  Clark,  premium;  B.  E.  Montgomery,  certificate. 
Orchard  Grass  Seed,  B.  E.  Montgomery,  premium;  Wm.  Johnson,  certificate. 
•Irish  Potatoes,  Wm.  Hill,  premium,  Wm.  Johnson,  certificate. 
Hour,  Lewis  &  Murphy,  premium. 
Corn  Meal,  lverson  Bryant,  premium. 
Vegetables,  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  Miss  Sallie  Murphy,  premium;  Mrs.  Thomas  S.  Speed,  certificate. 
Cheese,  Mrs.  W.  L,  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  Nichols,  certificate. 

PANTRY. 

Boiled  Ham,  Mrs.  F.  G.  Murphy,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  certificate. 
Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  Mrs    F.  F.  Murphy,  premium;   Mrs.  Wm    Powell,  certificate. 
Kentucky  Wine,  Dr.  G.  W.  Foreman,  premium;  lverson  Bryant,  certificate. 

SECOND   DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  over,  Milton  Rogers,  premium;  Charles  Dawson,  certificate. 
Bull,  three  years  old,  N.  G.  Thomas,  premium;  Wakefield  &  Bascom,  certificate. 
Bull,  two  years  old,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium;  Joshua  Gore,  certificate. 
Bull,  one  year  old.  John  Bush,  premium. 
.  Bull,  under  one  year,  J.  Bowman,  premium;  N.  B.  McClasky,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTDRAL  SOCIETY.  J  Ub> 

Cow,  under  four  jrfars  old,  J.  B   Guthrie,  premium;  W.  II.  Jones,  certificate. 

Cow,  two  years  old,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium 

Cow,  one  year  old,  M    Rogers,  premium;  N.  G    Thomas,  certificate. 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,  Mil'.on  Rogers,  premium;  VV.  II.  Joins,  certificate. 

Fat  Ca'tle,  Isaac  D.  Stone,  premium;  B   E   Montgomery,  certificate. 

Oxen,  VV.  0.  McMakin,  premium;  I.  D.  Stone,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  Long  Wool,  J.  McClasky,  Jr.,  premium;  James  M   Bishop,  certificate. 
Ewe,  Long  Wool,  Chas.  Dawson,  premium;  John  Thomas,  cerdfi/'tite. 
Buck,  Southdown,  Jo  Miller,  premium  and  certificate. 
Ewe,  Southdown,  Jo.  Miller,  premium;  Joseph  McClasky,  certificate. 

HOGS. 

Bonr,  over  one  year  old,  W.  0.  McMakin,  premium;  James  M.  Brown,  certificate. 

Sow,  ovpr  one  year  old,  A.  K.  C  >x.  premium;  Thomas  S.  Speed,  certificate. 

Boar,  between  six  and  twelve  months  old,  W.  Johnson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Sow,  between  six  and  twelve  months  old,  II.  Nichols,  premium;  J  M.  Bishop,  certifi- 
cate. 

Pair  of  Pigs,  under  six  months  old,  L.  McKay,  Jr.,  premium;  J.  M.  Bishop,  certifi- 
cate. 

Fatted  Hogs,  William  Johnson,  premium. 

BLOODED    STALLIONS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  H.  Bernard,  premium;  Dr.  James  Bascom,  certifi- 
cate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  James  M.  Bishop,  premium;  Edward  Thompson,  ceitifi- 
cate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old.  T.  J.  Ewiiig,  premium;  Elias  Dorsey.  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  Peyton  McMakin,  premium;    Edward   Bennett,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,    J.  H.  Parrott,  premium;  Jonathan   Brown,  certificate. 

BLOODED    MAKES. 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  Jonathan  Brown,  premium;  Patrick  Bowimn,   certificate. 
Mare,  three  vears  old,  James  VV.  French,  premium;  M.  Rogers,  ceitificate. 
Mare,  two  years  old.  Jesse  Stone,  premium;  John  E    Clements,  certificate. 
Mare,  one  year  old,  VV.   St   Clair,  premium;  J.  II.   Waki  field,  certificate. 
Mare,  under  one  year  old,  Milton  Rogers,  premium;  Samuel   Gruudy,  certificate. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Gelding,  II.  C.  Duncan,  premium;  S.  P  Sharp,  certificate. 
Mare,  Logan  Railev,  premium;  M  R.  Yewell,  ceitificate. 
Gelding  or  Mare,  three  years  old,  Peter  J.  Bailey,  premium,  S.  B.  Lewis,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Draft  Stallion,  R.  M.  Park,  premium;    A.  Johnson,  certificate. 
Draft  Mare,  James  Heath,  premium;  James  R.  Hughes,  certificate. 

PRkMIUM    GIVEN    BV    D     M .    KF.LLF.Y    &  CO. 

Horse  Colt,  by  Gilbert,  Mrs.  .1.  Coleman,  premium;  Mrs.    Tyler  Wilson,  certificate. 
Mare  Colt,  by  Gilbert,  Mrs.  Doom,  premium;  Samuel  Wiseheart,  certificate. 

THOROUGH     BRED    STALLIONS. 

Four  years  old  and  over,  J.  R.  Hughes  &,  Co.,  premium;  Hunter  &  Murphy,  certifi 
cate. 

Three  years  old,  J.  R    Hughes,  premium. 
Twoyearsold,    Hunter  &,  Murphy,  premium. 
One  year  old,  Hunter  &,  Murphy,  premium. 

THOROUGH!!    BRED    MARKS. 

Four  years  old  and  over,  Hunter  &  Murphy,  premium  and  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  Hunter  &  Murphy,  premium. 

STALLIONS    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Four  years  old  and  over,  M    R.  Henry,  premium;  Benjamin  Stallard,  certificate. 

Three  years  old.  Edward  Thompson   premium. 

Two  years  old,  F    R.  Gwynn.  premiuiu;   E  ias  Dorsey,  certificate. 

One  year  old,  Edwaro  Bennett,  premiuiu  ;  Elias  Dorsey,  ceitificate 

Uuder  one  year  old,  Jonathan  Brown,  premium;  James  Miuor,  certificate. 


170  REPORT  OP  THE 

MARES    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Four  years  old  and  over,  Wilson  Green,  premium;   Eli  is  Dorsey,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  Peyton   McMakin,  premium ;   Milton  Rogers,  certificate. 
Two  years  old.  Elias  Dorsey,  premium;  John  E.  Clements,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  J.  H.  Wak1  field,  premium;   Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 
Under  one  year  old,  S.  Grundy,  premium;  J.  S.  Barlow,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallions  of  all  ages.  Mason  R.  Henry,  premium. 

Mares  of  all  ages,  Elias  Dorsey,  premium. 

Draft  Geldings,  David  N.  Heath,  premium;  Electius  Adams,  certificate. 

Fastest  Pacer,  S.  B.  Lewis,  premium;  Samuel  Lancaster,  certificate. 

FOURTH   DAY. 

JACKS. 

Four  years  old    and  over,  Brown  &  Davison,  premium;  W.  H.  Jones,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  Jonathan  Davis,  premium;   F.  G    Mmphy,  certificate. 
Two  years  old.  W.  L.  Tarkington,  premium,   F.  G.  Murphy,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  Thurman  &    Holderman.  premium;   VV.  H.  Jones  certificate. 
Under  one  year  old,  S.  C.  Brown,  premium;   L    Malone,  certificate. 

JENNETS. 

Four  years  old  and  over,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  premium;  Joseph  Spalding,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  Joseph  Spalding  premium;   N    B.  MeOlaskv.  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  N.  VV     Howell,  premium;   VV.  Hughes,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  W.   L.  Tarkington;  premium;   N.  VV.  Howell,  certificate. 
Under  one  year  old,  VV.  L.  Tarkington,  premium;  S.  C.  Brown,  certificate. 

mui.es. 
Horse    Mule,  two  years  old  and   over,    Logan  Railey,  premium;  John  A.  Mackey,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  old,  S.  P.  Burton,  premium. 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,  J.  M.  McCIasky,  Jr.,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  year  old,  D.  N.  Heath,  premium  and  certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  Samuel  Grundy,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair   of  Mules  in  Harness,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium ;*Btii.  Chapeze,  certificate. 

HARNESS  AND    SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion  in  Harness,  Elias  Dorsev,  premium;  Peter  J.  Railey,  certificate. 

Stallion  under  the  saddle,  S.  R    Womack,  premium;  Janvjs  J.  Vannort,  certificate. 

Pair  Geldings  in   Harness,  John  Raine,  premium;  C    A.  VVickliffe,  certificate. 

Pair  Mares  in  Harness.  Levi  J.  Smith,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buggy  Horse,  David  N.  Heath,  premium;  J    K.  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Buggy  Mare,  Elias  Dorsey,  premium;   Isaac  G.  Johnson,  certificate. 

Gelding,  three  years  old,  J.  Minor,  premium;   Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 

Mare,  theee  years  old  and  under,  in  harness,  Peter  J.  Railey,  premium;  S.  R.  Womack, 
certificate. 

Fastest  under  the  saddle,  Thompson  &  Co.,  premium;  T.  R.  Graves,  certificate. 

Fastest  Trotting  Horse  in  harness,  D.  N.  Heath,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fastest  Trotting  Mare  in  harness,  I.  G.  Johnson,  premium;  Albert  Tichenor,  certifi- 
cate. 


NORTH  KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

This  is  a  new  and  spirited   Society,  located  near  Florence,  made  up 

chiefly  by  Boone  and  Kenton  counties.     The  following  report  for  1856, 

has  been  received  from  the  officers: 

The  North  Kentucky  Agricultural  Society  was  organized  in  April,  1855,  by  adopting  a 
Constitution  and  electing  a  Board  of  Officers.  Four  thousand  five  huudred  dollars  were  sub- 
scribed and  paid  in,  in  shares  of  $25  each. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  171 

The  Company  then  selected  a  beautilul  and  convenient  location,  on  the  line  of  Boone  and 
Kenton  counties,  near  Florence,  on  the  Covington  and  Lexington  Turnpike,  eight  miles  from 
Covington. 

The  Company  are  indebted  to  the  liberality  of  Mr.  John  Barton  for  a  lease,  free  of  charge, 
to  the  grounds  they  occupy  as  Fair  Grounds. 

The  first  Fair  was  held  in  October  of  that  year,  and  succeeded  well.  A  premium  list  of  a 
thousand  dollars  was  paid,  and  the  board  declared  a  dividend  of  40  per  cent.  i:i  stock. 

The  Legislature  of  1855-6,  granted  them  a  liberal  charter,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $10,000, 
with  the  privilege  of  increasing  it  to  .$25,000. 

For  the  exhibition  of  1856,  the  society  offered  a  premium  list  of  $1 ,500,  and  the  Fair  equal- 
ed the  expectations  of  its  warmest  friends  in  every  respect.  The  board  was  enabled  to  paj 
all  expenses  of  the  exhibition,  and  declare  a  dividend  of  18  per  cent. 

The  Capital  Stock  has  been  increased  to  about  *9,0C0,  all  of  which  lias  been  expended  in 
improvements  on  the  grounds. 

The  object  of  (he  organization  has  been  to  stimulate  and  encourage  all  the  various  Agricul- 
tural, Horticultural  and  Mechanical  interests  of  this  portion  of  the  State,  and  its  friends  have 
the  satisfaction  of  seeing  that  their  efforts  are  being  successful. 

Officers  of  the  Society  for  1857. — VV  shington  Watts,  President;  J.  W.  Leathers,  Vice- 
President;  J  L.  Graves,  Trea-urer;  Wm.  Bishop,  Recording  Secretary;  W.  M.  Buckner,  Cor- 
responding Secretary ;  J.  J.  Sweetman,  B  VV.  Chamblin,  EI.  T.  Buckner,  Volncy  Diekerson, 
John  Barton,  J.  C.  Hughes,  Albert  Price,  C.  T.  Allen,  VV.  A.  Moxley,  S.  K  Hays,  Julius 
Rouse,  Leonard  Stephens,  Directors. 

WM.  BISHOP,  Secretary. 

February  28,  1857. 


SOUTHWESTERN  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL,  ASSOCIATION  NEAR 

LOUISVILLE. 

This  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  active  associations  in  the  State.* 
Their  Fair  grounds  are  situated  on  the  Railroad,  a  few  miles  from 
Louisville,  and  contain  all  the  appropriate  buildings  of  the  most  sub- 
stantial, capacious  and  elegant  character.  As  no  report  has  been 
made,  I  can  only  add  the  names  of  the  officers  for  1856,  and  extract 
from  the  Western  Farm  Journal  the  report  of  the  awards,  together  with 
some  remarks  by  the  editor  of  that  paper. 

Officers. — George  Hancock,  President ;  Robert  N.  Miller,  Gibson 
Mallory  and  Lawrence  Young,  Vice   Presidents  ;  Hugh    Brent,  Secre- 


*  A  brief  notice  of  this  Society  is  cut  from  an  old  number  of  the  Louisville  Journal.  The 
meeting  described  was,  mo^t  probably,  that  at  which  the  Society  was  first  organized  : 

"  At  a  meeting  of  the  Southwestern  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  held  at  the 
Court  House,  on  Saturday,  July  2d,  1 853,  Robert  N.  Miller,  Est]  .  was  called  to  the  chair  On 
motion,  the  Association  proceeded  to  the  election  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  the  fol- 
lowing gentlemen  were  unanimously  elected,  viz:  George  Haivock,  President  ;  Gibson  Mal- 
lory, Vice  President  ;  George  Anderson,  Recording  Secretary;  Wm.  Short,  Corresponding 
Secretary  ;  l'h  >m as  Y.  Brent,  Treasurer  ;  J.  C.  Hull  L  L.  Dorsey,  Jr.,  Thomas  Bohaunon, 
Phillip  Speed,  E.  L  Huffman,  James  E  B-iscoe.  Arthur  Peter,  Joseph  Hite.  P  S  Birber,  R. 
J.  Ormsby,  Di lectors.  On  motion  it  was  Resnloed,  That  the  purchase  of  the  grounds  lor  the 
use  of  the  Association  be  confi  led  to  a  committee  composed  of  the  President,  Vice  President, 
and  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  that  their  action  be  binding  on  the  Association.  On  motion, 
the  meeting  adjourned.  ROBERT  N.  MILLER,  Chairman. 

George  Anderson,  Secretary. 


172  REPORT  OF  THE 

tary  ;  R.  J.  Ormsby,  Corresponding  Secretary;  Thos.  Y.  Brent,  Treas- 
urer ;  Thos.  S.  Camp,  P.  D.  Barbour,  Dr.  R.  A.  Bohanan,  J.  C.  Hull, 
E.  Crutchfield,  Jos.  S.  Hite,  E.  L.  Huffman,  George  E.  II.  Gray,  J.  T. 
Bates,  and  J.  B.  O'Bannon,  Directors. 

The  fourth  annual  Fairof  the  Southwestern  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  held 
on  the  grounds  of  the  Society  near  Louisville,  October  14-1 8th,  was  very  numerously  at- 
tended, and,  as  usual,  gave  great  satisfaction.  In  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs,  the  show  was  fair, 
though  inferior  to  the  exhibition  at  the  Horse  Fair  in  the  Spring,  and  in  some  articles  of  do- 
mestic manufactures,  dairy  products  and  pantry  products,  perhaps  superior  to  any  show  hith- 
erto made  upon  the  same  grounds.  The  show  of  farm  implements  and  agricultural  machinery 
was  also  good,  but  still  far  below  what  this  department  of  our  annual  fairs  ought  to  be.  The 
exhibition  of  fruits,  vegetables  and  farm  products  was  comparatively  poor. 

The  covered  amphitheatre  erected  by  this  Association,  has  been  the  model  of  all  others  yet 
built  in  the  State — and  very  properly  so,  for  the  judgment  and  skill  that  planned  and  executed 
this  work,  appear  to  have  supplied  precisely  what  was  wanted,  so  far  as  it  goes.  But  perma- 
nent halls  are  still  needed,  for  the  exhibition  of  articles  the  product  of  the  field,  orchard,  gar- 
den, dairy  and  pantry,  and  especially  for  articles  of  domestic  or  home  manufacture,  in  order 
that  this,  to  many,  the  most  interesting  feature  of  our  Fairs,  need  not  necessarily  open  and 
close  upon  one  and  the  same  day.  So  a  hall  should  be  erected,  dry  and  capacious,  if  not  per- 
manent, in  which  farm  implements  may  be  displayed  from  the  first  to  the  last  day  of  each 
Fair,  and  in  which  motive  power  may  be  safely  and  commodiously  stationed  for  operating 
such  agricultural  machinery  as  may,  at  any  time,  be  placed  upon  exhibition. 

Beginning  without  any  public  appropriation  of  means,  having  a  high  price  to  pay  for  the 
ground  upon  which  it  built,  and  being  under  the  necessity  of  putting  up  costly  structures,  the 
Association,  though  upon  several  occasions  in  straightened  circumstances,  has  accomplished 
much — more,  indeed,  than  any  supposed  it  could  accomplish  within  so  brief  a  period,  at  the 
time  of  its  commencement.  Still,  it  has  much  yet  to  do,  before  the  Fair  Grounds  will  an- 
swer, in  every  particular,  the  great  purpose  for  which  they  were  designed  ;  and  now  that  it  is 
measurably  free  of  debt,  and  is  certain  of  a  large  annual  revenue,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  no 
unreasonable  time  may  be  suffered  to  elapse  before  a  commencement  may  be  made  toward 
supplying  the  existing  deficiencies.  The  true  policy  of  the  Association,  however,  is  first  en- 
tirely to  get  out  of  debt,  and  next  carefully  to  keep  out  of  debt,  and  after  that  to  do  whatever 
is  to  be  done,  as  rapidly  and  substantially  as  the  means  at  command  will  permit. 

Since  the  recent  Fair,  by  the  resignation  of  the  President,  Col.  Geo.  Hancock,  the  Associa- 
tion has  lost  one  who  has  hitherto  been  its  master  spirit  and  its  guiding  hand.  But  with  many 
remaining  in  the  Directory  who  have  fully  seconded  his  spirited  efforts  from  the  first,  and 
with  some  there  still  who  possess  an  energy  and  activity  kindred  to  his,  it  will  not  be  difficult 
to  find  a  successor  who  will  seek  to  emulate  his  virtues  and  happily  attain  that  end.  We  re- 
cord (he  resignation  of  Col.  Hancock  with  sincere  regret ;  but  he  has  for  four  year3  filled  a 
laborious  and  difficult  station  with  self  sacrificing  devotion,  as  well  as  distinguished  honor, 
and  had  a  right  to  ask  to  be  relieved.  With  as  sincere  pleasure  we  publish  the  following  tes- 
timonial in  his  behalf,  by  those  who  have  witnessed  and  shared  in  his  untiring  exertions: 

"  On  motion  of  Mr.  Young,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted  by  the  Directory,  Octo- 
ber 35th,  1856: 

"  Whereas,  Private  engagements  have  compelled  the  President  of  this  Association  to  ten- 
der his  n'sii_rnation,  it  is  therelore  unanimously 

"  Resolved,  That  our  late  President,  Col.  Geo.  Hancock,  receive  the  cordial  thanks  of  thiss 
Board,  for  Lhe  able  and  impartial  manner  in  which  he  has  presided  over  our  deliberations,  and 
for  the  untiring  zeal  he  has  always  manifested  for  the  success  of  the  Association" 

The  following  is  the  official  report  of  the  premiums  awarded  at  the  fourth  Fair  of  the  As- 
sociation : 

'■ 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOOIETF- 


FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  home  made,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Negro  Jeans,  home  made,  T.J    Grimes,  premium. 

VVlnte  Liusey,  home  m  ide,   V.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Plaid  or  Striped  Limey,  home  made,    P..  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

White  Flannel,  home  mtde,    P.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Pair  White  Blankets,  home  mule,  John  U.  dull,  premium. 

Pair  Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  Mallory.  premium. 

Pair  Woolen  Malt' Hose,  N.  Arcerourn,  premium. 

Pith  Cotton  Hose,  Mrs.  John  Herr,  premium. 

Pair  Cotton  Halt'  Hose,  Mrs   S.  Fielder,  premium. 

Counterpane  or  Bedspread,  Wool  or  Cotton,  Mrs.  G    Swartz,  premium. 

Counterpuie  or  Bed-pread,  all  Cotton,  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  patchwork,  Mrs- Juda  Marshall,  first  premium  ;  Mrs.  Mary  N.  Gist,  second  pro 
miu  hi 

Cotton  Quilt,  patchwork,  Mrs.  S.  R.  Womack,  first  premium  ;  Mrs  George  Swartz,  second 
premium. 

Worsted  Q  lilt,  patchwork,  Mrs.  T  0.  Shickleford,  first  premium  ;  Mrs.  Wro.  Thompson, 
second  premium. 

Linen  Shirt,  made  by  a  Lady,  Levi  Birnhill,  premium 

Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  a  Lady,  Miss  M.  E    Swartz,  premium. 

Worsted  Embroidery,  E.  L.  Stoll,  premium. 

Needlework.  Miss  J.  Scudder,  premium. 

Close  Carriage,  two  horse,  Burr.  Haiglu  &  Wheeler,  premium. 

Open  Carriage,  one  horse.  Z   M.  Sherley,  premium:   Keating  &  Johnson,  certificate. 

Best  Buggy,  McCreiglu,  Euders  &  Goreh,  premium  and  certificate. 

Sett  Double  Harness,  Uewitt  &   Miles,  premium. 

Sett  Single  Harness,  Dewitt  &  Miles,  premium. 

ESSAYS. 

Essay  on  Plowing  and  the  Form,  Structure  and  Draft  of  the  Plow,  Arthur  Peter,  premium. 
Essay  on  the  Farm  House,  Theodore  Brown,  first  premium  ;  J.  S.  Seaton,  second  premium. 

HOTEL    PREMIUMS. 

Butter,  ten  pounds,  J.  L.  Smyser,  first  premium  ;  Mrs.  Wm.   Calloway,  certificate  ;  John  I. 
Jacobs,  first  premium  ;   Mrs   M.  Dounine,  first  premium. 
Five  Hams,  Mrs.  G   Mallory,  premium  ;   Mrs    W.  C   Bullitt,  certificate. 
Barrel  of  Flour,  N    O    Wilson,  premium  ;    E.  O.  Mebaff'ey,  certificate. 
Barrel  of  Meal.  John  Fible,  premium  ;   A.  D.  Martin,  certificate. 
Barrel  of  Irish  Potatoes,  L.  L.  Dorsey,  Jr.,  premium  ;  John  B    Burks,  certificate. 
Barrel  of  Sweet  Potatoes,  red  or  white,  W.  W.  Young,  premium  ;   J    N.  Fenly,  certificate. 
Barrel  of  Yarns,  red  or  white,  W.  W.  Young,  premium  ;  Thos.  S.    Robards,  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Thresher  and  Cleaner,  horse  power,  Mnnn  &  Co.,  premium. 

Thresher,  horse  power,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium  ;   Munn  &  Co  ,  certificate. 

Reaping  Machine,  horse  power,  H.  B.  Howard,  (Manny's  patent,)  premium  ;  Miller,  Win- 
gate  &.  Co.,  certificate. 

Mowing  Machine,  horsepower,  H.  B.Howard,  (Manny's  patent,)  premium  ;  Miller,  Win- 
gate  &.  Co  ,  certificate. 

Mower  and  Reaper  combined,  horse  power.  H.  B.  Howard,  ( Manny's  patent,)  premium; 
Miller,  Winuate  &.  Co.,  certificate. 

Wheat  Fan,  J    McKim.  premium  and  certificate. 

Coin  Sheller,  power,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium. 

Corn  Sheller,  band,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  certificate. 

Corn  Cru-her,  M.  H.  Brana,  premium  ;   Miller.  Wingate  &  Co-.,  certificate. 

Cutting  Box,  horse  power,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium 

Cutting  Box.  hand,  H.  Trumbull,  premium  ;  Miller,  Wingate. &.  Co.,  certificate. 

Two  Horse  Wagon,  John  Fible,  premium. 

'1  hree  Horse  Plow,  with  ringing  to  work,   T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium  and  certificate* 

Five  Horse  Plow,  W.  W .  Young,  premium  ;   '1'.  E.  C    Brinley,  certificate. 

Sod  Plow,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium  ;  J.  S    Gill,  certificate. 

One  Horse  Plow,  T    E    C.  Brinley,  premium  ;   W.  W.  Young,  certificate. 

Harrow,  Miller,  Wingate  &.  Co  ,  premium  ;   N.  Miles,  certificate. 

Cultivator,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium  ;  T  E.  C.  Bnuley,  certificate. 


174  REPORT  OF  THE 

FIF.LD    PRODUCTS. 

Best  conducted  Experiment  in  Mann  ring,  Planting,  and  Cultivating  a  Corn  Crop  not  less 
thin  one  acre,  rrgirdlessof  yield,  L.  L.  Dorsey,  Jr  ,  premium,:   N .  Miles,  certificate. 

Lu'_r'  st  yield  of  Corn,  one  acre  or  mure  with  abstract  of  mode  of  Planting  and  Culture,  R. 
$i.  Barbour,  premium. 

Best  ..•top  of  Irish  Potatoes,  one  acre,  with  time  of  Planting  and  Culture,  R.  N.  Barbour, 
premium;   L.  L.  Dorsev,  certificate. 

Largest  yield  Hemp,  with  abstract  of  Culture,  one  acre,  John  Ilerr,  premium;  L.  L.  Dorsey, 
certificate. 

Bushel  of  Wheat,  by  grower.  Lewis  Castleman,  premium;  A.  Hopkins,  certificate. 

Bushel  Bread  Coin,  by  grower,  John  Ilerr,  premium;   W..  T.  Hite,  certificate. 

Bushel  Stock  Corn,  by  Grower.  N.   Miles,  premium;   Dr.  Boh  union,  certificate. 

Bushel  Timothy  Seed.  A.  G.  Mi.mi,  premium;   Miller  Wingate&  Co  ,  certificate. 

Bushel  Clover  Seed,  Pitkm  &  Brother,  premium 

Bushel  Orchard  Gnss  Seed,  Miller  Wingate  &  Co..  premium;    A.  G.  Munn,  certificate. 

Bushel  Hemp  Seed,  N.  Arterburn,  premium;  J.  C.  Rudy,  certificate. 

Filly  pounds  Dewrotted  Hemp.  George  Heir,  premium. 

Six  Bottles  South- Western  Wine,  with  method  of  making,  J.  J.  Railey,  premium;  Warrick 
Miller,  certificate. 

TOBACCO. 

Five  boxes  Kentucky  Manufactured  Tobacco,  pounds,  first  class,  Musselman  &  Co.,  pre- 
mium; J.  T   Edmonds,  certificate. 

Five  boxes  Kentucky  Manufactured  Tobacco,  fives,  first  class,  J.  T.  Edmonds,  premium; 
Edward  liolbrook,  certificate. 

Five  boxes  Kentucky  Manufactured  Tobacco,  pounds,  second  class,  Edward  Holbrook,  pre- 
mium;  II.  Burge,  certificate. 

Five  boxes  Kentucky  Manufactured  Tobacco,  fives,  second  class,  J.  T.  Edmonds,  premium; 
Edward  Holbrook.  certificate. 

Two  drums  Kentucky  Manufactured  Tobacco,  six  twist,  Edward  Holbrook,  premium. 

CIGARS. 

Box  of  Cigars,  J.  J.  Railey.  premium  and  certificate. 

Five  itoxes  Western  Leaf  and  Western  made,  J   J.  Railey,  premium. 

Sample  of  Tobacco  for  Cigars,  George  Heir,  premium. 

DOMESTIC    FOWLS. 

Best  pair  Turkies,  W.  L  Oldham,  premium;  George  Herr,  certificate. 

Pair  ol   Poland  Ducks,  L.  L    Dorsev,  Sr..  premium;   N.  Arterhurn,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Muscovy  Ducks,  J.  VV.  Cannon,  premium;  George  Herr,  certificate. 

Pair  Mojigrel  Dinks,  Mis.  Lawrence  Young,  premium;  E.  W.   Cannon,  certificate. 

Best  display  ol    Ducks  in  variety,  John   Herr,  premium. 

Patrol'  Shanghai  Chickens,  D    L   Gregory,  premium;  John  Ilerr,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Dot  king  Chickens,  John  I.  Jacob,  premium;  John  Herr,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Bantam  Chickens,  John  Herr,  premium;  Mis.  E.  H    Jones,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Cochin  China  Chickens,  J.  T.  Davis,  premium;  Mis.  T.  C.  Mercer,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Br. una  Pootra  Chickens,  John  Ilerr,  premium. 

Display  of  Chickens  in    variety,  John  Heir,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

IMPORTED    CATTLE. 

Bnil,  three  years  old  and  upward,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium. 
Bull,  two  yeats  and  under  three,  11.  A.  Alexander,  premium. 
Cow,  three  years  o.d  and  upward,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium. 
Cow,  two  years  and  under  three-,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium. 
Fat  Bullock,  four  years  and  upward,  James  Calloway,  premium. 

Fat  Bullock,  three  years  and  under  four,  James  Calloway,  premium;  G.  Mallory,  certificate. 
Fat  Bullock,  two  years  and  under  three,  Isaac  Shelby,  premium 

Fat  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two,  J    C.    Booker,  premium;  Isaac  Shelby,  Sr.,  certificate. 
Free  M  irtin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  three  years  old  and  upward,  Isaac  Shelby.  Sr..  premium. 
Ayrshire  Bull,  three   years  and  upward,  J.  VV.  Goslee,  premium;  G    E.  H.  Gray,  certificate. 
Ayrshire  Cow,  three  years  and  upward,  J.  W.  Goslee,  premium;  George  E.  11.  Gray,  certifi- 
cate. 

SADDLE  HORSES,  STALLIONS. 

Saddle  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  S.  R.  W<  m  ick,  prem'um;  J.  R.  Moss,  certifi- 
cate. 

baddle  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  John  Mcl.rane,  prem.um;  Bryan  &  PeUieord, 
certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  175 

Saddle  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  Samuel  Mcllvane,  premium;  George  W.  Moore, 
certificate. 

Saddle  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  L    Moody,  premium. 

Saddle  Scullion  Colt,  J.  H    Parrot,  premium-;  J-  B.  Dofspv,  certificate. 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  upward,  N.  J.  Smith,  premium;  J.  M.  Calloway,  certifi- 
cate. 

Saddle  Mare,  two  years  and  tinder  three,  David  Ellis,  premium;  J  M   Todd,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mire,  one  year  and  under  two,  Thomas  Steele,  premium;  J.  M.  Calloway,  certifi- 
cate. 

Saddle  Mare  Colt,  J.  L.  Moody,  premium;  E.  D.  Jones,  certificate. 

LONG    WOOLED    SHEEP. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  two  years  and  upward,  E.  D  Jones,  premium;  Mobbs  &  O'Bannon,  certifi 
cate. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  one  year  and  under  two,  Newton  Blight,  premium;  J.  W.  Goslee,  certifi- 
cate. 

Long  Wool  Ewe,  two  years  and   upward,  S.  T.  Drane,  premium;  Luke  Hopkins,   certificate. 

Long  vVool  Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two,  Luke  Hopkins,  premium;  J.  B    Dorsey,  certificate. 

Pair  Long  Wool  Lambs,  William  Hopkins,  premium;  J    B.  t  orsey,  certificate. 

Five  Breeding  Ewes,  Long  Wool,  Luke  Hopkins,  premium;  N.  Arterburii,  certificate. 

>  MIDDLE    WOOLED. 

Middle  Wool  Buck,  two  years  and  upward,  James  Calloway,  premium;  Alfred  Herr,  cer- 
tificate. 

Middle  Wool  Buck,  one  year,  J.  O'Binnon,  premium;  P.  S.  Barber  certificate. 

Middle  Wool  Ewe,  two  years  and  upw  ml    P    S.  Barber,  premium;   Dr  J    Baker,  certificate. 

Middle  Wool  Ewe,  one  ye;tr  old,  P   S.  Birber,  premium;   James  Calloway,  certificate. 

Pair  Muldle  Lambs,  James  Calloway,  premium;   Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 

Five  Middle  Wool  Ewes,  P.  S.  Barber,  premium;  James  Calloway,  certificate. 

FINE    WOOLED. 

Fine  Wool  Ewe,  two  years  and  upward,  Willi. un  Armstrong,  premium;  James  Calloway, 
certificate. 

Fine  VVool  Ewe,  one  year  old,  John  Herr,  premium;  William  Armstrong,  certificate. 
Pair  Fine  Wool  Lambs,  John  Herr,  premium:   Wm.  Armstrong,  certificate. 
Five  Erne  Wool  Breeding  Ewes,  J.  ilerr,  premium. 

FAT   SHEEP. 

Five  Fat  Sheep,  Wm.  Hopkins,  premium;  P.  5.  Barber,  certificate. 

HOG3. 

Boar,  one  year  old  and  upward,  Miles  &  Hays,  premium;  A.  W.  Hardin,  certificate. 

Boar,  six  months  and  under  one  year,  S.  H.  Clay  premium  and  certificate. 

Sow,  one  year  and  upward,  Samuel  H.  Clay,  premium;   David  Ellis,  certificate. 

Sow,  six  mouths  and  under  one  year,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Litter  of  Figs,  J.  S.  Sea-tun,  premium. 

Pair  of  Pigs,  rf.  H.  Clay,  premium;  John  Herr,  certificate. 

Fittest  Birrows  or  Spayed  Sows,  W    D.  S.    Taylor,  premium. 

Largest  and  Heaviest  Hog,  J.  S.  Seaton,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

CATTLE,  NATIVE  OR  MIXED  BREED. 

Milch  Cow,  W.  II.  Perkins,  premium;  C.  Arterburii,  certificate. 

Native  Bdl,  three  years  and  upward,  A.  J.  Viley,  premium;   P.  S.  Barhpr,  certificate. 

Native  Bull  two  years  ana  under  three,  W .  T.  Hughes,  premium;  J.  T.  McClelland,  certifi- 
cate. 

Native  Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  W.  L.  Waddy,  prpmium. 

Native  Bull  Calf,   N.  Craig,  premium;   B    11.  Dale,  certificate. 

Native  Cow,  three  years  aud  upward,  J.  T.  McClelland,  premium;  Ben.  Warfield,  Jr.,  cer- 
tificate. 

Native  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  J.  II.  Moore,  premium;    A.  J.  Viley,  certificate. 

Native  Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  rl    A    Alexander,  premium  aud  ceitificate. 

N  aive  Heifer  Calf,  11.  A    Alexander,  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  two  years  and  under  three,  Wm.  Calloway,  premium;  J.  II.  Moore,  certificate, 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  and  upward,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium;  P.  S.  Barher,  certificate. 
Best  Bull,   two  years  and  under  three,  W.  T.  Hughes,   premium;  R.  A.  Alexander,  certifi- 
cate. 


1 7  G  REPORT  OF  TI1E 

Best  Cow,  three  years  and  upward,  R  A  Alexmder,  premium;  Ben.  Warfield,  Jr  ,  certifi  - 
cafe. 

Best  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  R    \.  Alexmder,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Draft  Stallion,  four  year3  and  upward,  U.  E.  E.ving  and  A  Hikes,  premium;  Thos.  Steele, 
certificate. 

Draft  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  R  B.  English,  premium;  Samuel  Me  Williams, 
certifi  .'iite. 

I  haft  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  B.  W.  Tlumas,  premium;  M.   Phillips,  certifi 
cate. 

Draft  Stallion,  one  year  and  undertwo,  Albert  Ford,  premium;   Wm    Yager,  certificate. 

Draft  Stallion  Colt,  William  Yager,  premium;   S.  B.  Lewis,  certificate. 

Draft- .VI  ire-,  four  years  and  upward,  Gj  >r.ce  L    CiHe-i,  premium;   E.  Huffman,  certificata. 

Drift.  VI  ire,  three  ye  irs  in  1  uu  ler  (■>  ir,  G  :  >^g;  lI'T,  p'en'i  n;    ■Y.'Crin  Iill,  certificate  . 

Draft  Mire,  two  years  au.1  under  three,  Willi  uu  Warford,  pre  uium;  E.  W.  Taylor,  certifi- 
cate. 

Draft  Mire,  one  year  and  under  two,  Geir<re  L.  Chiles,  p-eminm;   B.  Ornuby.  certificate. 

Draft  Mare  Colt,  N.  Miles,  premium;  T.  Y    [irent,  certificate. 

Drift  Gelding,  four  years  and  upward,  C.  W.  Kennedy,  premium;  N.  J.Smith,   certificate. 

Drali  Gelding,  three  years  an  1  under  four,  G  i  >rg  ■  J    Gr  iv,  certifi ;  ite. 

Draft  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  Joh  >  Herr,  premium;   B.  W.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Pair  Draft  Gelding-*,  .1 .  L.  D  >wning,  premium;    F.  F.   VI  irr,  c  :rtiti :  ite. 

Pair  Draft  Mares,  J.  S.  Williams,  premium;  C.  F.  Johnson,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

BLOODED   HORSES. 

Gelding,  three  years  and  upward,  J  L.  Downing,  premium;  S.  T.  Drane,  certificate. 

Stallion,  four  years  an  1  upward,  John  Campbell,  premium;   Pollock  Barbour, certificate. 

Suilion,  three  years  and  under  four,  Joseph  Hill,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  N.  Craig,  premium 

St.all.iun,  one  year  and  undertwo,  S.   P.  Drane.  premium. 

Stallion  Colt, -Gibson  Mallory,  premium;   Diniel  Br aiinin,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,   three  years  and  upward,  J.  C.  Montague,  premium;   E    Blackburn,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  Gibson  Mallory,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  S.  D.  Bruce,  premium;   Birtlett  &  Pryor,  certificate. 

Buggy  Horse,  Gabriel  S.  Jones,  premium. 

Buggy  Mare,  Gibson  Mallory,  premium. 

HARNESS    HORDES. 

Harness  Stallion,  in  harness,  four  years  and  upward,  Downing  &  Alexander,  premium;  S.  R. 
Womack.  certificate. 

Haiue&s  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  Bat  tlett  &  Pryor,  premium;  E.  Blackburn, 
Certificate. 

Harness  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  Laramore,  Elkins  &  Co.,  premium;  L  L.  Dor- 
sev,  Jr  ,  certificate. 

Harness  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  E  L.  Dorsey,  premium;  S.  T.  Drane  and  A.  Hop- 
kins, certificate. 

Harness  Stallion  Colt,  W.  D   Crockett,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  upward,  E.  L    Dorsey,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate. 

M.ire,  two  years  and  under  three,  T.  L.  Coons,  premium;    Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 

Mire,  one  year  and  under  two.  Elias  Dorsey,  premium   and  certificate. 

Mare  Colt,*H   S.  &  M.  H.  Parker,  premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  certificate 

TROTTING    RING. 

Fastest  Stallion,  D.  Heinson,  first  premium;  S.  R    Womack,  seond  premium. 
Fastest  Gelding,  R   P    Pepper,  first  premium;  C    W    Kennedy,  second  premium. 
Fastest  Mare,   V.  P.  Jacobs,  first  premium;    Thomas  Battman,  second  premium. 

STECIAL     RING. 

Finest  Mare  for  Saddle,  Logan  Railey,  premium;  R.  P.  Pepper,  certificate. 

FIFTH  DAY. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Bu"-«T  TTorse.  Mr^.  E.  L.  Huffman,  premium;  J«ihn  Burk*.  certificate. 

Ba"°V  Mare,  J.  II.  Moore,  premium;   R.  P.    Pepper,  certificate. 

PauVof  Carriage  Horses,  E.  S.  Smith,  premium;  C.  A.  Wise,  certificate 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  177 

Pair  of  Carriage  Mares,  A.  D.  Young,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  of  Buggy  Horses,  M.  Buckner,  premium;   Richard  Phillips,  certificate 

Pair  Buggy  Mares,  Morris  &  Shockeucy,  premium. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Saddle  Gelding,  Robert  Prewitt,  premium;   H.  H.  Ferguson,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  C.  W.  Keunedy,  premium;   R.  P.  Pepper,  certificate. 

Pony,  ridden  by  a  Boy  or  Girl,  C.  S.  Tucker,  premium;  T.  F.  Marr,  certificate. 

BLOODED  HORSES  WITHOUT  PEDIGREE. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  upward,  A.  D.  Martin,  premium;  P.  Barbour,  certificate. 
Stallion,  three  years  and  ;  nder  four,  E.  R.  Smith,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  S.  &  R.  Booker,  premium;  L.  L.  Dorsey,  certificate. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  S.  &  R.  Booker,  premium;   Drane  &  Hopkins,  certificate. 
Mare,  four  years  and  upward,  J.  H.  Moore,  premium;  James  H.  Thomas,  certificate. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  J.  W.  Cromwell,  premium;  James  W.  French,  certificate. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  J.  T.  &  W.  D.  Calloway,  premium;   W.  H.  Fredrick,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  Elias  Dorsey,  premium;  George  Rudy,  certificate. 
Aged  Mare,  Colt  by  her  side,  E.  R.  Smith,  premium;  James  S.  Thomas,  certificate. 
Gelding,  four  years  and  upward,  J.  K.  Lincoln,  premium;  J.  Burk,  certificate. 
Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  E.  L.  Dorsey,  premium;  John  C.  Rudy,  certificate. 
Gelding,  two  years  and  uuder  three,  H.  S.  Duncan,  premium;  W.  li.  Mayo,  certificate. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Jack,  three  years  and  upward,  S.  &  R.  Booker,  premium. 
Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  Enoch  Brewer  and  W.  Bohannon,  premium. 
Jack,  one  year  and  under  two.  E.  Basye,  premium;  Wm.  Hopkins,  certificate. 
Jennet,  three  years  and  upward,  S.  &  R.  Booker,  premium. 

Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  Nathan  Howell,  premium;  H.  S.  &  M.  H.  Parker,  certifi- 
cate. 

MULES. 

Mule,  two  years  and  upward,  Wm.  Muir,  premium;  T.  F.  Marr,  certificate. 
Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  Wm.  Muir,  premium;  James  Smith,  certificate. 
Mule  Colt,  VV.  G.  Hedges,  premium;  Y.  R.  Grundy,  certificate. 
Pair  Broke  Mules,  T.  F.  Marr,  premium 

■ 

BUTCHERS'      PREMIUM. 

A.  W.  Hardin,  premium. 

Aged  Stallion  in  Harness,  S.  R.  Womack,  premium;  Thomas  Steele,  certificate. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUMS. 

Fiaest  Stallion,  John  H.  Moore,  premium;  Thomas  Steele,  certificate. 
Finest  Gelding,  Robert  Prewitr,,  premium:  John  Burk,  certificate. 
Finest  Mare,  John  H.  Moore,  premium;   E.  R.  Smith,  certificate. 
Flax  and  Thread,  Mrs.  Young,  premium. 

Worsted  and  Embroidered  Piano  Cover,  Miss  Symmcs,  premium. 
Trunk,  D.  O'Hare,  premium. 

South  Western  Premium  List. — The  list  of  awards  made  by  the  judges  at  the  recent  fair 
of  the  South  Western  Agricultural  Society,  as  published  in  the  Farm  Journal  of  November 
HJth,  was  copied  directly  from  the  books  of  the  Secretary,  and  ought,  therefore,  to  have  been 
accurate  in  every  particular.  A  few  errors  crept  into  it,  however,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the 
awards  had  not  in  all  cases  been  entered  upon  the  books.  One  of  these  is  corrected  by  the 
following  official  statement,  which  we  publish  for  that  purpose. 

Should  any  other  important  errors  or  omissions  have  occurred  in  the  same  way,  we  hope 
they  may  be  pointed  out,  for  we  wish  all  these  documents  to  appear  with  the  utmost  degree  of 
accuracy  in  the  Farm  Journal,  so  that  in  case  of  disputes  or  misunderstanding  at  any  future 
time,  its  pages  may  be  appealed  to  as- the  authority  which  will  settle  them  to  the  satisfaction 
of  all  concerned. 

We,  the  undersigned  Judges  of  Reaping,  Mowing  and  Combined  Machines  for  those  pur- 
poses, in  behalf  of  the  South-Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  attended 
their  exhibition  on  the  farm  of  Dr.  Kellar,  on  the  26th  of  June,  1856,  and  after  a  full  and  im 
partial  trial  of  the  two  on  exhibition,  viz  :  the  "Kentucky  Harvester,"  by  Messrs.  Miller, 
Wiugate  &Co.,  and  "Manny's  Machine,"  manufactured  by  Mr.  Howard,  we  gave  precedence 

12 


178  REPORT  OF  THE 

to  the  "Kentucky  Harvester"  as  a  reaper,  to  Manny's  as  a  mower,  and  as  a  "combined  ma- 
chine" to  the  "Kentucky  Harvester."  Your  committee  take  pleasure  in  stating  their  convic- 
tions that  both  are  good  and  reliable  machines;  that  they  each  did  their  work  well,  and  in 
equal  time,  and  in  several  points  of  merit  were  by  us  considered  equal.  The  price,  materials 
used  in  construction,  and  power  necessary  to  its  performance  where  those  which,  in  our  minds, 
were  in  favor  of  the  Kentucky  Harvester.  We  could  not  test  the  draft  of  either  by  scale,  but 
believe  it  to  be  in  favor  of  the  Kentucky  Harvester. 

Signed,  JOHN  L.  SEATON,  ) 

W.  A.  MERRIWETHER,  I  n 

GEO.  M    PRATHER,  \  Committee. 

W.  C.  WILLIAMS,  J 


SOUTH  WESTERN  AGRICULTURAL  AND   MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION— 

AT    PADUCAH. 

The  Fourth  Annual  Fair  of  this  Society  was  held  near  Paducah  on 
the  22nd  and  23rd  of  October,  1856.  As  no  Report  has  been  made, 
all  else  which  is  known  of  the  Society  is  from  the  following  extract 
from  the  Democrat,  which  contains  the  awards.     That  paper  says : 

The  exhibition  was  not  as  extensive  as  could  be  desired,  evidencing  a  less  degree  of  inter- 
est than  should  be  felt  by  our  citizens;  nevertheless  the  display  was  quite  creditable.  In 
horses,  mules,  and  jacks,  there  was  considerable  Competition.  So  much  harmony  and  frater- 
nal good  feeling  pervaded  all,  that  all  were  pleased,  and  all  determined  to  take  the  matter  in 
hand  in  good  earnest  for  next  year.  Hitherto  the  Association  have  held  their  Fairs  on 
grounds  not  theirown,  and  consequently  were  averse  to  the  expenditure  of  money  that  is  re- 
ally necessary  to  insure  its  success.  But  recently  they  have  purchased  a  lot,  which,  by  the 
next  Fair,  will  be  fenced  and  embellished  with  the  necessary  buildings  and  stalls,  for  the  pro- 
tection of  articles  and  stock.  We  hope  the  exhibition  and  premiums  awarded  this  year  will 
inspire  our  citizens  with  a  generous  emulation  for  the  next. 

Premiums  and  certificates  were  awarded  as  follows: 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  Mary  Curneil,  premium;  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Reynolds,  certificate. 

Jeans,  Mrs.  L.  Allen,  premium  and  certificate. 

Linsey,  Mrs.  A.  McClure,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  E.  Reynolds,  certificate. 

Home  made  Carpet,  Mrs.  E.  P    Jacob,  premium;   Mrs.  J.  S.  Hobbs,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Miss  Anna  Boswell,  premium;  Mrs.  G.  Kay,  certificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  Miss  Sarah  ftuders,  premium. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  Patterson,  premium;  Mrs.  E.  Curd,  certificate. 

Jeans  Coat,  Mrs.  William  Dent,  premium. 

Linen  Shirt,  Mrs.  E.  Lawson,  premium;  Mrs.  Gross,  certificate 

Worsted  Embroidery,  Miss  L.  Gaston,  premium;  Mrs.  L    M.  Flournoy.  certificate. 

Cotton  Embroidery,  Mrs.  G.   Kay,  premium;  Miss    C.  B.  Garrett,  certificate. 

Worsted  Hose,  Mrs.  E.  Lawson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Manufactured  Tobacco,  Z.  T.  Woolfolk,  premium  and  certificate. 

Boiler  Iron,  Terrill,  Clark  &  Co.,  premium. 

Nails,  Terrill,  Clark  &  Co.,  premium. 

Brick,  J.  D.  Brandberry,  premium. 

Mattrass,  Purdy  &  Rutter,  premium. 

Sole  Leather  B.  T.   Gross  &  Co.,  premium. 

Harness  Leather,  B.  T.  Gross  &  Co.,  premium. 

Buggy,  Jesse  Reeves,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  Mrs.  J.  Newal,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  Enders,  certificate. 

PANTRY. 

Ham,  Mrs.  H.  Enders,  premium;  Mrs.  McConnell,  certificate. 

Corn  Bread,  Mrs.  W.    Morrow,  premium;  Mrs.   Jane  E    Brimm,  certificate. 

Wh«at  Bread,  Mrs.  J.  J.  Flournoy,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Morrow,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

FIELD    PRODUCTS. 

Three  acres  Timothy,  Walker  Carniel,  premium. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  G.  A.  Flournoy,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,    J.  H.  Roof,  premium. 

Beets,  W.  Morrow,  premium. 

Seed  Cora,  A.  Bass,  premium;  J.  D.  Brandberry,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BUGGY   AND   MATCH   HORSES. 

Buggy  Horses,  T.  A.  Harris,  premium;  Captain    Goal,  certificate. 
Match  Horses,  D.  A   Given,  premium;  J.  M.  Bullock,  certificate. 

BULLS. 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  J.  D.  Brandberry,  premium. 

Bull,  one  year  old,  Mrs.  E.  P.  Grimes,  premium;  W.  Kennedy,  certificate. 

Bull,  under  one  yeas,  E.  P   Grimes,  premium;  W.  Kennedy,  certificate. 

heifers,  &c. 
Heifer,  two  years  and  under  three,  C.  A.  C  imp >ell,  premium. 

Heifer,  under  one  year  old,  Mrs.  E.  P.  Grimes,  premium;  VV.  Kennedy,  certificate. 
Milch  Cow,  Mrs.  E   P.  Grimes,  premium;   D.  Watts,  certificate. 
Oxen,  G.  G.  Barryer,  premium;  C.  Terrell,  certificate. 

JACKS    AND   JENNETS. 

■ 

Jack,  J.  S.  Jeffreys,  premium  and  certifiicate. 

Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  D.  Heddy,  premium. 

Jennet,  J.  D.  Heddy,  premium;  T.  N.  Holt,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Mule,  two  years  and  upward,  W.  Morrow,  premium;  G.  Fortson,  certificate. 
Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  A.  A.  Boswell,  premium;  F.  Ward,  certificate. 
Mule  Colt,   J.  Wood,  premium;  J.    A.  Moirison,  certificate. 

STALLIONS. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  upward,  W.  Davis,  premium;  W.  Piercell,  certificate. 
Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  T.  J    Peck,  premium;  A.  Birdwell,  certificate. 
Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  P.  Farthing,  premium;  John  Jones,  certificate. 
Stallion,  under  one  year,  J.  Ewell,  premium;  B.   Hodge,  certificate. 
Brood  Mare,  W.  Waller,  premium;  A.  A.  Boswell,  certificate. 

FILLIES. 

Filly,   three   years   and   under   tour,   J.   J.    Howard,  premium;  Craig    &    Brother,  certifi- 
cate. 

Filly,  two  years  and  under  three,   J.  R.  Spradlin,  premium;  A.  A.  Boswell,  certificate. 

Filly,  oneyeur  and  under  two,  L.  Stevens,  premium. 

Filly,  under  one  year  old,  A.  Bass,  premium;   D.  Waltmore,  certificate. 

Saddle  Horse.  T.  L.  Jacob,  premium;  R.  0.  Woolfolk,  certificate. 

POULTRY. 

Ducks,  Mrs.  Wm.  Dent,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  L.  Garrett,  certificate. 
Chickens,   Mrs.  J.  S.  Hobbs,  premium;  Mrs.    W.  Dent,  certificate. 
Turkeys,  Mrs.  M.  Carueiil,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  E.  Curd,  certificate. 
Geese,  Mrs.  M.  Carneill,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  E.  Curd,  certificate. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  one  year  old,  E.  P.  Jacobs,  premium. 
Boar,  six  months  old,  R.  A.  Bacon,  premium. 
Sow,  six  months  old,  R.  A.  Bacon,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  E.  P.  Jacobs,  premium. 

Ewe,  John  Einglot,  premium  and  certificate. 


180  REPORT  OF  THE 


SPRINGFIELD  UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND    MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

The  interesting  history  of  this  Society  is  given  in  the  annexed  Re- 
port from  the  Secretary,  Dr.  J.  R.  Hughes.  The  awards  at  the  Fair 
for  1856,  are  extracted  from  the  Western  Farm  Journal. 

Springfield,  Dec  3,  1856. 
Mr.  R.  W.  Scott, 

Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Dear  Sir  : — la  accordance  with  the  request  of  your  circular,  desiring  a  report  from  the 
County  Societies,  I  herewith  transmit  you  the  origin  and  progress  of  the  Sprin&fleld  Union 
Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Said  Association  was  organized  in  the  town  of 
Springfield,  Washington  county,  Kentucky,  May  1855,  by  a  few  of  the  enterprising  farmers; 
said  enterprise  commenced  by  subscribing  $10  to  become  a  shareholder,  and  as  soon  as  the 
number  of  shareholders  reached  two  hundred,  a  meeting  wos  called,  a  constitution  and  by  laws 
presented  and  adopted,  officers  elected,  and  the  16th  October,  1855,  fixed  as  the  first  day  of 
their  exhibition,  continuing  three  days;  previous  to  said  exhibition,  purchased  twelve  and 
three  quarters  acres  of  land,  costing  SI 00  per  acre;  we  then  erected  a  good  vertical  plank 
fence,  costing  $700;  offered  a  list  of  premiums,  costing  $665. 

The  Officers  elected  for  this  year,  (1855,)  were  Milton  H.  Rogers,  President;  John  R. 
Jones,  of  Nelson,  Joseph  Spalding,  of  Marion,  and  Edmund  L.  Davison,  of  Washington, 
Vice  Presidents;  Jesse  Moore,  Secretary,  and  Hugh  McElroy,  Treasurer;  James  R.  Hughes, 
James  C.  Bascomb,  John  H.  Wakefield,  Beuedict  E.  Montgomery,  Robert  C.  McChord,  John 
Jackson,  George  Clements,  Thomas  R.  Browne,  Samuel  R.  Grundy,  Stephen  C.  Browne,  Cur- 
ran  Hanley,  David  S.  Maxwell,  and  James  Holloway,  were  elected  as  Directors. 

The  first  exhibition  came  off  in  pleasant  weather,  well  attended,  and  pronounced  by  all 
visitors  to  be  very  creditable,  and  realising  from  all  sources,  only  $ 665.  An  impetus,  howev- 
er, was  given  in  that  direction,  and  a  paper  started  to  raise  an  amount  sufficient  to  build  an 
amphitheatre,  to  be  erected  by  the  next  exhibition;  the  amount  was  soon  subscribed  and  the 
contract  let. 

In  May,  1856,  at  our  regular  annual  meeting,  we  elected  officers  again — Edmund  L.  Davi- 
son, President;  Joseph  Spalding,  John  R.  Jones,  and  J.  Woodson  Burton,  Vice  Presidents; 
James  R.  Hughes,  Secretary;  Hugh  McElroy,  Treasurer;  and  Jas.  R.  Hughes,  Wm.S.  Davi- 
son, John  H.  Wakefield,  James  C.  Bascomb,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  Harvey  McElroy, 
Anthony  McElroy,  George  Clements,  John  |Jackson,  Samuel  Peter,  and  Milton  H.Rogers 
were  elected  Directors  for  the  second  year,  and  the  7th,  8th,  9th,  and  10th  days  of  October  set 
apart  for  the  second  annual  exhibition. 

Between  the  time  of  the  annual  meeting  and  the  second  exhibition,  we  put  our  amphithea- 
tre in  course  of  construction;  the  size  of  the  inner  circle  being  140  feet,  nine  tier  of  seats,  a 
promenade  10  feet  wide,  cedar  posts,  shingle  roof;  two  offices,  one  each  side  of  the  entrance 
gate;  a  music  stand  in  the  centre;  all  lumber,  except  the  posts,  of  good  yellow  poplar,  and 
costing,  when  complete,  $3,800. 

The  second  list  of  premiums  offered  amounted  to  $785.  The  exhibition  well  attended,  and 
all  the  various  classes  well  represented,  for  which  a  premium  was  offered;  the  income,  from 
all  sources,  amounting  to  $1,175.  You  will  readily  perceive  that  the  low  price  of  membership 
of  this  association  swelled  the  membership  so  largely  that  the  annual  income  of  the  soeiety 
was,  to  a  considerable  extent,  lessened;  and  that  it  was  a  very  false  move  on  the  part  of  the 
organization  of  our  society  to  allow  the  membership  to  be  so  cheapened. 

I  do  not  think  it  improper  here  to  state  that,  in  the  years  1836,  1837,  there  was  an  Agricul- 
tural Association  formed  in  our  county,  and,  considering  the  times,  went  off  creditably  to 
those  who  originated  it,  and  gave  an  impetus  to  the  improvement  of  stock,  agricultural  imple- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  181 

ments,and  the  products  of  the  farm,  which  increased  the  wealth  and  agricultural  intelligence 
of  ihe  county  more  then  all  other  causes  combined.  The  officers  of  said  society  I  do  not 
now  recollect,  and  have  not  the  means  before  me  to  inform  myself. 

Sir,  you  will  excuse  the  irregular  form  in   which  this  report  is  gotten  up,  as  it  was  done  in 
great  haste,  and  under  circumstances  peculiar  to  the  time  made  out. 
Yours,  with  very  great  respect, 

JAMES  R.  HUGHES,  Secretary. 

The  following  are  the  awards  of  the  Springfidd  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associ- 
lion  for  October,  1856  : 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  two  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  Robert  C.  McChord,  certifi- 
cate. 

Negro  Jeans,  six  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.   A.  T.  Irvine,  certificate. 

White  Linsey,  one  entry,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Colored  Liusey,  three  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  J.  Caldwell,  certifi- 
cate. 

White  Flannel,  two  entries,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  James  F.  Roby,  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Joseph  Thomas,  premium. 

Woolen  Carpet,  one  entry,  Mrs.  D.  B.  Hughes,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  two  entries,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Caldwell,  premium;   Mr3.  James  Logan,  certificate. 

Half  Hose,  one  entry,  Mrs.  A.J.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Home-made  Blankets,  four  entries,  Mrs  A.  J.  Caldwell,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Logan,  cer- 
tificate. 

Linen  Diapers,  four  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium  and  certificate. 

Flax  Linen,  one  entry,  Mrs.  A.J.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Tow  Linen,  one  entry,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  six  entries,  Miss  Mary  Hopkins,  premium;  Miss  Annie  Hanson,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  fourteen  entries,  Miss  Annie  Neal,  premium;  Mrs.  Mary  McElroy,  certificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  Henry  McElroy,  premium;  Martha  Starke,  certificate. 

Best  Hand  Boquet,  Mrs.  Benjamin  Spalding,  premium. 

Ladies'  Shoes,  made  by  a  Lady,  one  entry,  Mrs  Thomas  J.  Montgomery,  premium. 

FARMING    IMPLEMENTS. 

Plows,  two  entries,  R.  G.  Foster,  premium  and  certificate. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

Eight  acres  of  Wheat,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  specimen  of  one  bushel  of  Wheat,  two  entries,  Uriah  Gartin, premium;  Ben.  E.  Mont- 
gomery, certificate. 

Largest  yield  of  five  acres  of  Corn,  one  entry,  John  Litsey,  premium. 

Best  specimen  of  Bread  Corn,  three  entries,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  premium;  E.  L. 
Davison,  certificate. 

Best  specimen  of  Stock  Corn,  two  entries,  Henry  M.  Spalding,  premium;  E  L.  Davison, 
certificate. 

Bushel  of  Oats,  best  specimen,  one  entry,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium. 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  best  and  cleanest,  one  entry,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  premium. 

Timothy  Seed,  best  and  cleanest,  two  entries,  Uriah  Gartin,  premium;  Benedict  E.  Mont- 
gomery, certificate. 

ORCHARD    PRODUCTS. 

Apples,  best  variety  of  one  peck,  one  entry,  L.  Sansbury,  premium. 

Kentucky  Wines,  six  bottles,  two  entries,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  premium;  J.  M.  Miller, 
certificate. 

GARDEN    PRODUCTS. 

Potatoes,  Sweet  or  Yam,  one  peck,  two  entries,  J.  H.  Miller,  premium;  Clement  King,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  three  head  of  Cabbage,  Llriah  Gartin,  premium;  J  M.  Miller,  certificate. 
Best  display  of  Vegetables,  J.  M.  Miller,  premium. 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  of  Turkeys,  Davis  Baker,  premium. 

Best  pair  of  Ducks,  Davis  Baker,  premium. 

Shanghai  Chickens,  best  pair,  two  entries,  Davis  Baker,  premium  and  certificate. 


182  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  pair  of  Cochin  China,  three  entries,  James  Bently,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  pair  Brahma  Pootra,  two  entries,  James  Bently,  premium;  Davis  Baker,  certificate. 

Best  display  of  Poultry,  Davis  Baker,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Best  Butter,  three  pounds,  two  entries,  Mrs.  James  Green,  premium,-  Mrs.  Benjamin  Spald- 
ing, certificate. 

Best  Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Montgomery,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  L. 
Caldwell,  certificate. 

Best  Loaf  Corn  Bread,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Montgomery,  premium. 

Best  Ham.  cooked,  one  entry,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium. 

Best  barrel  of  Flour,  two  entries,  Lewis  &  Murphy,  premium;  George  Miller,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  Long  Wool,  two  entries,  Joseph  McClasky,  premium;  Benedict  E.  Montgomery, 
certificate. 

Best  Ewe,  Long  Wool,  one  entry,  Joseph  McClasky,  premium. 

Best  Buck,  Middle  Wool,  one  entry,  John  H.  Parrott,  premium. 

Best  pair  of  Lambs  of  any  kind,  two  entries,  Joseph  McClasky,  premium;  E.  W.  Grans, 
certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  four  years  and  upwards,  two  entries,  Uriah  Shoemaker, premium;  Hugh  McElroy, 
certificate. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  four  entries,  N.  G.  Thomas,  premium;  Wakefield  & 
Bascom,  certificate. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  James  Bently,  premium;  Charles  Grundy,  cer- 
tificate. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  Daniel  W.  Jones,  premium;  John  Bush,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  eight  entries,  Daniel  W.  Jones,  premium,  U.  Shoemaker,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Cow,  under  four  years  old,  eight  entries,  Nelson  Lee,  premium,  Benedict  E.  Mont 
gomery,  certificate. 

Cow,  three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  Thomas  R    Browne,  premium. 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Buford  Penock,  premium;  Beverly  Browne, 
certificate. 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Nelson  Lee,  premium;  Milton  H.  Rogers,  certi- 
ficate. 

Cow,  under  one  year,  Milton  H.  Rogers,  premium;  Daniel  W.  Jones,  certificate. 

Best  Milch  Cow,  two  entries,  Wm.  Ryan,  premium;  R.  C.  Williamson,  certificate. 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  entries,  Benedict  E.  Montgomery,  pre- 
mium and  certificate. 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  entries,  Levi  J.  Smith,  premium;  Charles  Cambron,  certificate. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUMS    OFFERED    BY    THE    OWNERS    OF    MURDOCK. 

Best  Colt  of  his  get,  fifteen  entries,  Peyton  McMicken,  premium  on  Horse  Colt;  Jonathan 
Browne,  premium  on  Mare  Colt. 

SPECIAL  PREMIUM  OFFERED  BY  MILTON  H.  ROGERS. 

Best  Horse  Colt,  get  of  Tom  Fletcher,  Thomas  R.  Browne,  premium;  best  Mare  Colt,  Mil- 
ton H.  Rogers,  premium. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUM    OFFERED    BY    JAMES    K.  HUGHES    <fc    CO. 

Get  of  Boyd  McNairy,  best  Horse  Colt,  Robert  C.  McChord,  premium;  best  Mare  Colt,  Sid- 
ney Barlow,  premium. 

These  premiums  were  for  $20  and  $25 — the  first  and  last  $25,  the  second  $20. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  one  year  old  and  upwards,  two   entries,  William  McMicken,  premium;  Charles 
Grundy,  certificate. 
Best  Sow,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  one  entry,  E.  L  Davison,  premium. 
Best  pair  of  Pigs,  UDder  six  months  old,  one  entry,  Wm.  McMicken,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  183 

THIRD  DAY. 

MULES. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  one  entry,  Logan  J.  Railey,  premium. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  S.  P.  Burton,  premium. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  Blake  Arnold,  premium;  B.  C.  McChord, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  Nelson  Lee,  premium;  E.  L.  Davison, 
certificate. 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  David  Heath,  premium;  Nelson  Lee,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  Samuel  R.  Grundy,  premium;  John  Wilson, 
certificate 

Mare  Mules  in  Harness,  one  entry,  E.  L.  Davison,  premium. 

FINE    HORSES. 

Stallions,  four  years  and  upwards,  two  entries,  James  C.  Bascom,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  James  M.  Bishop,  premium;  James  R. 
Hughes,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  five  entries,  John  Ewing,  premium;  Jerry  Lowe,  certifi- 
cate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  Peyton  McMickin,  premium;  Nathan 
Balsil,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  twelve  entries,  Jonathan  Browne,  premium;  Wm.  McMickin, 
certificate. 

FINE    MARES. 

Mare,  four  years  old,  twenty  one  entries,  Peyton  McMickin,  premium;  Isaac  Johnson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  four  entries,  Peyton  McMickin,  premium;  Milton  Rogers,  cer- 
tificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  six  entries,  Milton  McCann,  premium;  John  Clemants,  cer- 
tificate. 

One  year  and  under  two,  six  entries,  W.  P.  St.  Clair,  premium;  John  Wakefield,  certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  nine  entries,  Peyton  McMickin,  premium;  Milton  Rogers,  certificate. 

STALLIONS    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  upward,  four  entries,  James  C.  Bascom,  premium;  Wm.  McElroy, 
certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  five  entries,  Edward  Thompson,  premium;  Foster  Ray,  certifi 
cate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  Thomas  Salter,  premium;  Donatus  Mudd,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  John  Peak,  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  fifteen  entries,  John  Patrott,  premium;  W.  McMickin,  certificate. 

MARES     FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  sixteen  entries,  Wilson  Green,  premium;  Thomas  Salter, 
certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  Milton  Rogers,  premium;  Richard  J.  Browne,  cer- 
tificate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Nelson  Lee,  premium;  John  Clemants,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  eight  entries,  John  Wakefield,  premium;  John  Bently,  certifi- 
cate. 

Under  one  year  old,  eight  entries,  Sidney  Barlow,  premium;  Milton  Rogers,  certificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best  in  Harness,  one  entry,  Simeon  Lewis,  premium. 

Riding  Stallion,  under  the  Saddle,  four  entries,  Dennis  Nichols,  premium;  James  J.  Vanort, 
certificate. 

Draft  Stallion,  five  entries,  Wm.  Carrico,  premium;  James  P.  Minor,  certificate. 
Draft  Mare,  five  entries,  James  Heath,  premium;  James  R.  Hughes,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

Special  premium  offered  by  Browne  &  Davison,  for  the  best  Jack  Colt  of  Meringo  Mam- 
moth's get,,  $20,  one  entry,  Stephen  C.  Browne,  premium;  for  the  best  Jennet  Colt,  $15,  two 
entries,  Harrison  Leachman,  premium;  S.  C.  Browne,  certificate. 

Carriage  Horses  in  Harness,  five  entries,  Aaron  Alexander,  premium;  Nelson  Lee,  certifi- 
cate. 


1  84  REPORT  OF  THE 

Harness  Mares  in  Harness,  three  entries,  Levi  J.  Smith,  premium;  Alfred  Cohen,  certifi- 
cate. 

Saddle  Horses,  under  the  Saddle,  ten  entries,  Henry  C.  Duncan,  premium;  Thos.  B.  Graves, 
certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  under  the  Saddle,  six  entries,  Nelson  Lee,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buggy  Horse  in  Harness,  nine  entries,  David  Heath,  premium;  Axton  Whitecotton,  certifi- 
cate. 

Buggy  Mare  in  Harness,  eight  entries,  Ben  Sims,  premium;  Logan  Railey,  certificate- 

JACKS. 

Best  Jack,  four  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  Stephen  C.  Browne,  premium;  David 
Heath,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  two  entries,  John  K.Wilson,  premium;  Edward  Thompson, 
certificate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  David  A.  Knox,  premium;  Austin  Mudd,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Robert  F.  McElroy,  premium;  Peter  Browne,  cer- 
tificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  Uriah  S.  Litsy,  premium;  Stephen  C.  Browne,  certificate. 

Jennet,  four  years  and  upward,  five  entries,  William  L.  Tarkington,  premium;  David  A. 
Knox,  certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  five  entries,  Joseph  Spalding,  premium  and  certificate. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  James  C.  Bascom,  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Wm  L.  Tarkington,  premium;  R.  Y.  McElroy,  cer- 
tificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  G.  M.  Proctor,  premium;  Wm.  L.  Tarkington,  certificate. 

A  premium  was  offered  on  Embroidery  after  the  Fair  commenced — thirteen  entries,  Lizzie 
Johnson,  premium  and  certificate 

Special  premium  of  $30  offered  for  the  fastest  Trotting  Horse  in  Harness,  four  entries,  Da- 
vid Heath,  premium. 

Special  premium  of  $30  offered  for  the  fastest  Trotting  Mare  in  Harness,  by  R.  J.  Browne, 
eight  entries,  Isaac  Johnson,  premium. 


UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL    ASSOCIATION  OF  MASON  AND 

BRACKEN  COUNTIES. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  flourishing  and  spirited  Societies  in  the 
State,  and  the  excellent  Report  of  President  Killgore  leaves  nothing 
To  be  added,  except  to  regret  that  the  premium  list  for  1856  was  not 
also  furnished. 

The  able  Address  of  Col.  Thomas  B.  Stevenson,  (long  known  as  one 

of  the    warmest  and    ablest    friends    of   Agricultural    Improvement,) 

which  was    delivered    at  the    first  Fair  of  the    Society,  will    be    read 

with  much  interest  and  advantage. 

The  "Union  Agricultural  Society  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties"  is  located  at  the 
>  illage  of  Germantown,  immediately  on  the  line  between  the  two  counties,  and  was  organ- 
ized August  12,  1854,  and  its  first  Annual  Fair  was  held  on  the  5th  and  6th  days  of  October 
of  the  same  year.  At  the  first  Fair  the  sum  of  three  hundred  and  sixty  six  dollars  were  of 
fered  in  premiums,  and  at  the  second,  so  great  had  been  the  accessions  to  the  membership  of 
the  Society,  that  they  were  enabled  to  offer  nine  hundred  and  fifty  seven  dollars,  and  at  our 
laet  Fair,  over  twelve  hundred  dollars  were  offered.  This  enormous  annual  increase  in  the 
means  of  this  Society  speaks  for  itself,  and  shows  that  our  farmers  are  awakening  and  looking 
out  for  the  improvement  in  Implements,  Animals,  Seeds,  and  improved  modes  of  culture. 
The  annual  subscription  fee  is  three  dollars  for  each  member,  and  the  fund,  thus  accruing,  is 
especially  set  apart  by  our  Constitution  for  an  Annual  Premium  List  and  necessary  expenses 
'jfa  Fair,  and  can  never  be  diverted  from  its  purpose — so,  just  in  the  ratio  of  increase  of 
membership  will  our  Premium   List  be  forever  increased. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  185 

The  Fair  Grounds,  with  their  improvements,  do  not  belong  to  the  Society,  but  to  an  associ- 
ation styled  the  "Improvement  Company,"  that  derive  their  existence  from  a  clause  in  the 
Constitution  that  savs — "any  outlay  for  the  improvement  of  Fair  Grounds,  or  the  purchase  of 
improved  animals  for  breeding,  shall  be  made  from  a  special  fund,  created  by  individual  sub" 
scriptions  for  those  special  objects;  and  any  income  arising  therefrom  shall  inure  to 
the  benefit  of  individuals  making  such  subscrictions."  Under  this  clause,  and  a  charter  from 
the  State,  forty  two  gentlemen,  with  a  cash  subscription  of  thirty  dollars  each,  commenced  the 
improvement  of  our  Fair  Grounds  in  the  spring  of  1855.  The  first  two  year3  our  Fair  wa3 
held  in  the  open  air,  with  an  open  amphitheatre,  seated  but  not  covered  in. 

The  outlay  of  the  Company  the  first  year  was $378  23 

Income  from  gates  and  booths  was  ........  369  20 

Debt,  close  first  year, $9  03 

Second  year.     Receipts  from   all  sources,  including  call  of  $20  on  each  share,  $2,775  81 

Expenditures, 2,730  81 

Surplus  on  hand  at  close  second  Fair $75  00 

Third  year.     Expenditures,  $4,522  10 

Receipts  from  all  sources,  including  last  call  of  $10  per  share,      -         -         -  2,722  10 

Present  indebtedness, $1,800  00 

The  total  expenditure  has  been  $7 ,676  14  for  improvements  aloue,  as  we  lease  our  land 
for  twelve  years,  at  an  annual  rent  of  $50,  with  the  privilege  of  removing  our  buildings  at 
the  end  of  our  term.  We  should  have  iclunded  the  right  to  purchase,  and  in  its  omission 
have  erred. 

For  our  outlay  we  have  twelve  acres  inclosed,  with  a  tight  white  pine  plank  fence,  eight 
feet  high;  two  stables  one  hundred  feet  long,  each,  divided  into  eighty  stalls,  covered  with 
white  oak  boards;  four  frame  booths,  twelve  by  sixteen,  and  one  thirty  six  by  sixty;  one 
frame  fancy  cottage,  two  stories  high,  used  as  a  dressing  room  for  ladies;  sixteen  privies  at- 
tached in  the  rear,  with  a  yard  inclosing  an  eighth  of  an  acre  of  land;  a  frame  pavillion, 
thirty-six  by  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  with  side  sky  lights  running  the  whole  length,  with 
a  well  of  water  eight  feet  diameter,  twenty  two  feet  deep,  and  twelve  and  a  half  feet  basin  in 
the  blue  limestone  rock;  amphitheatre  two  hundred  and  six  feet  diameter,  from  out  to  out> 
covered  in  the  best  of  style,  and  so  framed  as  to  form  a  gallery,  or  second  story,  that  seats  two 
thousand  persons.  This  is  a  feature  in  our  amphitheatre  that  makes  it  the  most  convenient 
and  showy  of  any  in  the  state,  and  was  done  with  but  small  additional  cost.  Our  exhibition 
ring  is  one  hundred  and  forty  four  feet  diameter,  in  the  clear.  Oar  expenditures  are  now  at 
an  end,  and  the  next  Fair  will  pay   off  our  debt  and  leave  a  surplus  in   the  Treasury. 

Under  the  same  clause  in  our  Constitution,  the  past  year,  some  $14,000  was  subscribed, 
and  two  agents  sent  to  Great  Britain  for  cattle  and  horses.  They  succeeded  in  purchasing  a 
herd  of  twenty  head  of  cattle  and  a  coach  horse  that  are  now  owned  in  this  vicinity.  The 
horse,  Lnrd  Raglan,  is  the  property  of  Dr.  A.  H.  Pollock  &  Co.,  and  the  cattle  remain  in  an 
entire  herd,  the  property  of  a  Company.  They  have  agreed  to  retain  them  as  a  herd,  for 
five  years,  selling  the  increase,  annually,  at  our  Fairs.  They  are  quite  an  acquisition  to  this 
region. 

Increased  attention  is  being  paid  in  the  county  of  Bracken  to  the  growth  of  the  Grape  and 
manufacture  of  Native  Wine,  and  some  of  her  most  enterprising  citizens  are  preparing  for 
its  culture  extensively,  and  we  hope  that  in  future  years  the  State  Society  will  hear  a  good  ac- 
count from  Bracken.  I  send  our  Annual  Premium  List,  from  which  you  can  get  a  list  of  the 
officers. 

ANTHONY  KTLLGORE,  President. 


186  REPORT  OF  THE 

OFFICERS    OF    THE    SOCIETY    FOR    1853. 

Anthony  Killgore,  of  Mason,  President;  C.  M.  Gibbons,  of  Bracken,  Col.  Jamea  Dawson, 
of  Bracken,  and  Henry  Smoot,  of  Mason,  Vice  Presidents;  W.  H.  Slack,  B.  D.  Owens,  Evan 
Lloyd,  A.  J.  Coburn,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  Charles  A.  Lyon,  Allen  Pumpelly,  and  E.  T.  Currena, 
of  Mason  county,  Daniel  Byers,  Wm.  Dougherty,  J.  M.  Blackerby,  John  Fee,  Wm  S.  Harrod, 
W.  P.  Diltz,  and  Gen.  W.  B.  Crupper,  of  Bracken  county,  Directors. 

OFFICERS    OF    THE    SOCIETY    FOR    1854. 

Anthony  Killgore,  President;  Charles  M.  Gibbons,  Col.  James  Dawson,  and  Henry  Smoot, 
Vice-Presidents;  F.  A.  Savage.  Secretary;  Col.  W.  H.  Slack,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  Bazil  D.  Ow- 
ens, Charles  A.  Lyon,  Allen  Pumpelly,  Elijah  T.  Currens,  Arthur  J.  Coburn,  Wm.  Dougherty, 
J.  M,  Blackerby,  Evan  Lloyd,  Daniel  Byers,  Wm.  S.  Harrod,  Watson  Diltz,  Gen.  Wm.  B. 
Crupper,  and  John  Fee,  Directors. 

OFFICERS    OF    THE    SOCIETY    FOR    1855. 

Anthony  Killgore,  President;  W  P.  Diltz,  Charles  Humphreys,  and  Chaa.  M.  Gibbons,  Vice- 
Presidents;  W.  T.  Sallee,  Henry  Smoot,  M.  H.  Barnett,  C.  A.  Lyon,  John  A.  Coburn,  Allen 
Pumpelly,  W.  H.  Slack,  and  E.  T.  Currens,  of  Mason  county,  W.  B.  Crupper,  John  Fee,  W. 
S.  Harrod,  Wm.  Dougherty,  Daniel  Byers,  John  N  Furber,  and  W.  H.  Reynolds,  of  Bracken 
county,  Directors;  F.  A.  Savage,  Secretary;  B.  W.  Wood,  Jr.,  Treasurer. 

OFFICERS    OF   THE    SOCIETY    FOR    1856. 

Alexander  H.  Wall,  President;  J.  T.  Bradford,  Charles  Humphreys,  and  John  N.  Furber, 
Vice  Presidents;  Henry  Smoot,  M.  H.  Barnett,  Charles  A.  Lyon,  John  A  Coburn,  E.  T.  Cur- 
rens, L.  B.  Goggin,  Wm.  Clianslor,  and  A.  J.  Whipps,  of  Mason  county, Charles  M  Gibbons, 
John  Fee,  Wm.  S.  Harrod,  Wm.  Dougherty,  Alfred  H.  Pollock,  Wm.  B.  Crupper,  and  Watson 
P.  Diltz,  of  Bracken  county,  Directors;  B.  W.  Wood,  Jr.,  Treasurer;  James  A.  Kackley,  Sec- 
retary; L.J.  Bradford,  Marshal. 

ADDRESS  BY  THOMAS  B.  STEVENSON,  ESQ., 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPROVEMENT. 

I  congratulate  you,  Mr.  President,  and  gentlemen  of  the  Society,  and  I  congratulate  the 
public,  on  the  organization  of  your  Association  under  the  favorable  auspices  attending  it  ;  for 
I  am  persuaded  that,  as  its  objects  are  of  very  great  importance  to  yourselves  and  the  public, 
the  results  of  its  efforts  will  correspond  to  the  design.  It  ought  not  to  be  doubted  that  a  So- 
ciety, composed  of  intelligent  members,  deeply  interested  in  all  practical  improvements,  and 
stimulati-d  by  a  noble  spirit  of  emulation,  will  accomplish  results  which  will  invoke  the  grate- 
ful acknowledgments  of  the  present  generation,  and,  it  should  be  hoped,  of  their  children  and 
children's  children.  I  meet  you  with  pride  and  pleasure — with  pride,  because  I  conceive  it  an 
honor  to  be  called  on  to  address  men  of  public  spirit,  who,  daunted  by  no  obstacles,  resolve  to 
level  or  overleap  them  all  in  the  race  of  improvement — and  with  pleasure,  because  it  is  a  hap- 
piness to  see  you  associated  in  an  enterprise  so  useful  and  praiseworthy.  The  only  drawback 
to  this  satisfaction  is,  the  regret  I  sincerely  feel,  that  the  honor  of  addressing  you  had  not 
been  assigned  to  some  one  of  the  many  abler  and  more  worthy  orators  of  the  country. 

You  have  indeed  achieved  a  signal  and  astonishing  success,  in  this,  your  first  meeting — and 
the  more  signal,  considering  the  circumstances  and  difficulties  attending  your  efforts  to  estab- 
lish your  Society.  It  was  first  conceived  about  the  first  of  August,  in  the  midst  of  a  drouth 
unusually  protracted,  when  navigation  in  the  river,  by  which  supplies  of  lumber  are  usually 
obtained,  was  suspended — when  not  only  the  mill  streams  were  dried  up,  but  not  even  enough 
water  remained  at  the  mill  sites  to  supply  steam  boilers.  But  you  were  not  appalled  by  these 
obstacles.  Trees  were  felled  in  the  woods,  and  water  hauled  a  considerable  distance  to  the 
mill,  to  make  steam,  in  order  to  cut  your  lumber.  Amidst  these  difficulties,  you  secured  a 
large  number  of  members,  made  all  your  own  lumber,  erected  the  excellent  seats  surround- 
ing this  amphitheatre,  accommodating  some  five  thousand  persons — and  I   was  proud  to  see 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  187 

that  on  yesterday  and  to-day  these  seats  were  almost  constantly  filled — and  by  these  judicious 
efforts  have  attracted  hither,  in  honorable  competition  for  the  liberal  premiums  you  have  of. 
fered,  comprehensive  classes  of  stock  and  other  objects,  forming  an  exhibition  which  would 
do  credit  to  old  Associations.  Within  a  few  days  past,  the  long  drouth  was  terminated  ;  the 
heavens,  which  seemed  like  a  fiery  canopy  of  brass,  have  been  opened,  and  copious  showers 
dispersed  all  apprehension  of  lack  of  water  for  the  occasion  ;  and  now,  a  bright  sun  and  blue 
sky  are  beaming  over  us,  tempered  by  a  delicious  air,  all  conspiring  to  teach  the  devout  that 
Providence  smiles  on  your  Association.  Let  us  accept  the  omen,  and  with  gratitude  for  the 
past,  take  encouragement  for  the  future.  I  have  thus  referred  to  your  triumphant  victory 
over  the  extraordinary  difficulties  with  which  you  had  to  combat,  because  it  may  not  only 
nerve  you  for  what  is  before  you  in  coming  years,  but  serve  also  to  stimulate  others  to  go  and 
do  likewise. 

In  observance  of  custom  on  occasions  like  the  present,  a  usage  sanctioned  by  propriety,  I 
propose,  not  to  elucidate  any  particular  practical  process  in  agricultural  pursuits,  which  would 
be  more  appropriate  to  agricultural  papers,  farmer's  clubs,  or  social  conversations  among 
neighbors,  but  to  discuss  comprehensive  principles  applicable  to  general  interests.  I  propose 
to  consider  the  subject  of  Agricultural  Improvement  as  the  theme  of  this  discourse. 

Agriculture  is  immeasurably  the  most  gigantic  of  all  industrial  and  productive  pursuits.  It 
is  the  first,  the  greatest,  the  most  useful,  the  noblest  employment  of  man.  Distributing  the 
people  of  the  world  into  classes  representing  their  respective  pursuits,  agriculture  represents 
seven-eighths,  while  all  others  combined  represent  but  one-eighth  of  the  whole.  As  a  means 
of  creating  individual  and  national  wealth,  therefore,  agriculture  is  almost  infinitely  greater 
than  all  others  together  and  without  which  no  other  could  be  effectively  employed.  Indeed, 
the  very  existence  of  civilized  communities  is  wholly  dependent  upon  its  products,  since  it 
alone  supplies  food  and  raiment  for  all.  The  soil  is  our  common  mother,  from  whose  bounti- 
ful breast  we  derive  our  nourishment  and  subsistence.  Agriculture,  therefore,  is  the  basis  of 
all  other  industrial  and  practical  interests.  As  an  Art,  the  oldest  of  Arts,  it  is  the  sustaining 
mother  of  all  the  Arts.  As  a  Science,  it  claims  the  homage  and  invokes  the  aid,  while  itself 
is  the  support  of  all  the  Sciences.  As  a  means  of  promoting  health,  strength  and  all  manly 
development,  it  is  most  congenial  to  our  organization.  As  a  means  of  developing  our  intel- 
lectual nature  and  powers,  it  is  the  most  efficient  in  summoning  their  exercise,  and  has  ever 
been  the  favorite  pursuit  of  the  greatest  and  noblest  minds.  As  a  means  of  private  and  indi- 
vidual happiness,  its  the  first  and  last  resource  for  the  supply  of  the  wants  and  the  gratification 
of  the  rational  desires  of  life.  As  a  means  of  sustaining  the  calmness  of  life  and  supporting 
the  dignity  of  age,  it  is  the  station  for  which,  no  matter  what  our  early  education  and  pursuits, 
unless  depraved  by  folly  or  fashion,  we  all  pant  with  inextinguishable  ardor  and  longing.  As 
a  means  of  enabling  us  to  discharge  all  the  obligations  and  duties  of  life — those  we  owe  our- 
selves, our  families,  our  fiiends,  our  country,  and,  greatest  of  all,  our  God,  it  is  first  in  effi- 
ciency of  all  with  which  Heaven  has  blessed  us.  Its  products  furnish  the  materials  for  em- 
ploying nearly  every  other  branch  of  industry.  All  other  arts  are,  in  strict  language,  its 
auxiliary  branches  and  its  handmaids.  The  labor  of  manufactures  is  employed  to  change  the 
form  of  its  products  and  supply  it  with  implements  and  tools  ;  and  commerce  is  engaged,  as 
a  carrier,  to  change  the  place  of  its  products,  by  distributing  and  interchanging  the  fruits  of 
different  climates  or  localities,  and  thus  supply  the  necessaries  and  luxuries  of  civilized  life. 
Without  agriculture,  commerce  and  manufactures  could  claim  neither  existence  or  name. 
Without  it,  education,  arts,  sciences,  refinement,  moral  and  mental  improvement,  would  lan- 
guish and  expire.  Without  it,  civilization  would  be  unknown  and  men  be  reduced  to  savage 
brutes,  prowling  through  the  dark  forests  of  primeval  nature,  like  beasts  of  prey,  seeking  a 
precarious  subsistence  in  the  spoils  of  the  chase. 

Such  is  a  brief  but  comprehensive  view  of  the  dignity  and  importance  of  agriculture  as  a 
pursuit.  And  if  the  picture  is  neither  overdrawn  nor  too  highly  colored,  what  subject  of  world- 
ly concern  can  be  of  more  momentous  importance  than  that  of  agricultural  improvement  ?  I 
employ  the  phrase  not  merely  to  signify  advancement  in  some   practical   branch  of  the  great 


188  REPORT  OF  THE 

pursuit,  but  in  that  comprehensive  sense  which  contemplates  the  culture  of  the  mind  as  well 
as  the  soil  of  the  farmer.  For  it  would  be  a  waste  of  creative  power,  on  the  part  of  the  Al- 
mighty, in  endowing  us  with  intellect,  and  it  would  be  a  criminal  misfeasance  on  our  part,  did 
we  not  exercise  with  unrelaxing  energy  our  mental  functions  in  conducting  improvements  in 
all  departments  of  productive  industry,  and  especially  of  agriculture  as  the  greatest,  to  the 
utmost  extent. 

I  am  not  unaware  of  the  prejudices  which  have  extensively  prevailed  and  still  exist  in  some 
quarters  against  scientific  farming.  But  I  do  not  apprehend  thai  I  shall  have  to  encounter  and 
combat  this  prejudice  here.  Facts  established  by  the  most  incontestible  evidence,  in  all  quar- 
ters of  the  civilized  world,  and  facts  immediately  under  our  own  observation,  demonstrate  con- 
clusively that  the  Art  of  agriculture,  as  heretofore  practiced,  is  susceptible  of  improvement,  and 
furthermore,  that  Science  is  the  great  moving  force  for  improving  the  Art. 

When  we  compare  the  present  condition  of  agriculture,  not  only  in  our  own  country,  but 
elsewhere,  with  what  it  was  in  times  past,  we  are  justified  in  anticipating  illimitable  future  im- 
provements as  the  reward  of  intelligent  and  persistent  efforts.  Let  us  glance  at  some  of  the 
improvements  which  modern  systems  have  introduced;  for  indisputably  they  embrace  princi- 
ples and  practices  unknown,  or  imperfectly  known,  to  the  ancients. 

1.  A  mere  accurate  knowledge  of  the  properties,  action  and  effect,  and  proper  time  and  mode 
of  applying  all  manures,  animal,  vegetable  and  mineral. 

2.  The  analyzing  of  soils,  by  which  we  learn  their  elementary  constituents  and  composition, 
and  are  enabled  to  detect  either  the  presence  of  injurious,  or  the  absence  of  necessary  ingre- 
dients 

3.  Thorough  drainage  and  sub  soil  plowing. 

4.  The  introduction  of  root  crop^  in  field  culture,  by  which  potatoes,  turnips,  beets,  &c. 
&c,  are  made  to  perform  an  important  part  in  economical  husbandry;  as,  on  a  given  surface- 
more  food  for  cattle  may  thus  be  produced  than  by   the  expensive  culture  of  grain. 

5.  The  systems  of  rotations  in  crops  by  which  even  poor  lands  may  be  made  fertile,  and  all 
lands  kept  continually  productive,  without  diminishing  their  fertility,  of  which  laying  down 
lands  in  grass  is  a  striking  feature,  recently  introduced. 

6  As  a  consequence  of  the  established  utility  of  rotation,  the  substitution  of  fallow  crops, 
requiring  tillage  during  their  growth,  for  naked  fallows,  by  which  is  meant  turning  out  land  to 
rest  and  recover  its  fertility  by  the  decayed  vegetable  matters  from  a  new  growth  of  native 
trees  and  plants. 

7.  The  improvement  of  various  breeds  of  domestic  animals,  upon  true  physiological  princi- 
ples, bv  which  desired  results  are  obtained  with  more  certainty,  in  less  time,  with  less  labor, 
and  with  less  consumption  of  food. 

8.  The  application  of  science,  in  multifarious  forms,  to  the  construction  of  implements  and 
machinery,  to  the  prepantion  of  food  for  animals,  &c,  by  which  labor  is  rendered  less  toil, 
Bome  and  more  effective,  and  economy  in  the  production,  use  and  disposal  of  crops,  promoted. 

9.  Discoveries  in  the  philosophy  of  vegetation  and  the  principles  of  vegetable  physiology  and 
structure,  enabling  the  intelligent  and  skillful  cultivator  to  avail  of  many  favorable  circumstan- 
ces, otherwise  unavailable,  in  raising  all  vegetable  products. 

These  are  some  of  the  improvements,  undeniable,  of  m  dern  over  ancient  agriculture;  and 
the  list  might  be  extended.  But  enough  has  been  exhibited  to  establish  the  fact  that  improve- 
ments have  been  achieved,  which  should  incite  and  encourage  us  in  seeking  after  still  greater 
achievements;  for  though  we  may  justly  boast  of  our  modern  progress,  neither  the  science  nor 
the  art  of  agriculture  has  been  perfected.  We  have  much  still  to  learn,  both  in  theory  and 
practice. 

The  visible  improvements  in  modes  of  tillage  obsevrable  in  our  own  State — in  breeding  do- 
mestic animals — in  the  construction  and  use  of  plows  and  other  implements  and  machinery 
of  the  farm — in  the  varieties  of  grains,  grasses,  roots,  vegetables,  plants,  fruits,  trees,  &c. — 
and  indeed  in  almost  every  branch  of  rural  econ)my,  many  of  them  discovered  or  adopted 
even    in  our  own  time,  and  all  of  them   rendered  more   important   as  we   advance — are  all  of 


STATE  AGRICUL1URAL  SOCIETY.  189 

them  mighty  stimulants  to  the  achievement  of  still  greater  and  greater  improvements.  Rela- 
tively valueless,  indeed,  would  be  our  previous  triumphs,  did  they  not  incite  us  onward  and  up. 
ward,  to  higher  and  etill  higher  points  of  eminence  and  advantage;  for  in  the  progress  of  all 
human  interests,  and  of  agriculture  particularly,  each  advance  points  to  further  perfection  and 
strengthens  the  desire  and  capacity  to  attain  it.  Progression  is  the  law  of  civilization.  We 
cannot  stand  still.  If  we  pause  a  moment,  we  drift  back,  like  a  helpless  keel  in  a  swift  cur- 
rent. The  truly  great  and  brave,  in  every  mighty  conflict,  desire  their  posts  in  the  vanguard 
So  of  those  who  would  promote  agricultural  improvement — they  must  seek  advanced  positions 
and  improve  the  advantages  of  those  posts. 

But  descending  from  these  general  views  of  modern  improvements,  let  us  detail  a  few  prac- 
tical facts  by  way  of  demonstration,  in  order  to  stimulate  inquiry,  investigation  and  efforts  to- 
wards still  greater  attainments. 

In  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  at  Smithfield,  the  great  cattle  mart  of  England,  the  aver- 
age weight,  per  head  of  beeves  slaughtered  there,  was  only  370  pounds,  and  of  sheep  28  pounds 
In  1836,  the  average  of  cattle  was  8l!0  pounds  and  of  seep  b0  pouuds.  Here  we  see  an  im- 
mense increase  in  the  weight  of  animals,  from  which  we  are  authorized  to  infer  a  great  im. 
provrment  both  in  cultivating  the  soil  and  raising  animals,  for  the  latter  could  hardly  be  effect- 
ed without  the  former. 

In  the  revenue  report  of  1840,  the  Auditor  states  the  average  value  of  the  cattle  of  Ken. 
tucky  at  $5  87  per  head.  But  the  average  value  in  various  counties,  ranged  from  $1  61  to 
$15  91;  showing  that  while  in  some  counties  the  ?alue  reached  about  three  times  the  average 
value  throughout  the  State,  in  others  it  scarcely  exceeded  one  fourth  the  general  average.  Now 
why  this  wide  disparity?     Improvement  in  some  counties  and  lack  of  it  in  others. 

The  recollection  of  older  persons  present  will  corroborate  the  statement  that  the  average 
weight  of  what  were  considered  fine  beef  cattle  in  Kentucky,  thirty  years  ago,  did  not  exceed 
500  pounds  per  head.  I  doubt  if  it  exceeded  400  pounds;  and  am  by  no  means  confident  that 
at  this  day  the  average  on  the  whole  exceeds  500  pounds.  But  still  we  all  know  that  in  those 
counties  where  attention  is  given  to  improvement,  animals  weighing  1000  pounds  are  not  at  all 
uncommon,  and  that  in  not  a  few  instances  they  have  been  carried  up  to  twice  and  even  more 
than  twice  that  weight.  We  know  also,  that  a  short  horn  bullock  of  three  years  of  age,  will 
outweight  a  common  scrub  of  five.  This  proves  what  improvement  may  be  effected  by  judg- 
ment in  selecting  and  rearing  animals.  But  it  should  not  be  forgotten  that  judgment  in  adapt- 
ing the  kind  of  animal  to  the  soil  and  its  products,  is  necessary  to  b-ing  about  economical  re- 
sults. The  heavy  short  horns  would  prove  unprofitable,  in  the  etid,  on  thin  soil  and  light  pas- 
turage. I  knew  such  a  herd  to  degenerate  on  such  soil;  and  I  believe  the  common  scrubs 
would  on  poor  pasturage  be  more  profitable  stock.  So  on  the  other  hand,  the  heavy  short  horns 
would  be  more  profitable  on  rich  pasturage,  since,  as  before  stated,  they  will  weigh  more  in 
three  than  the  scrubs  will  in  five  years,  thus  saving  to  the  raiser  a  large  amount  in  time,  inter. 
est  and  risk.  After  all,  then,  in  order  to  sustain  improvement  in  animals,  there  must  be  nofc 
only  judgment  in  adapting  the  crops  to  the  soil,  but  the  animal  to  the'erops,  since  the  profit  de- 
pends not  on  the  greatness  of  size  to  which  they  may  be  urged,  but  on  the  largest  proportion- 
ate return  for  the  food  consumed. 

In  the  rearing  of  hogs,  even  in  the  memory  of  comparatively  young  farmers,  a  great  im- 
provement has  been  effected.  A  farmer  now,  ambitious  of  being  thought  of  respectable  stand- 
ing in  his  profession,  would  almost  be  ashamed  if  his  hogs  were  not  ready  for  market  at  the 
age  of  18  or  20  months;  and  yet  it  will  not  be  contested  that  18  months  pigs  now  weigh  more 
than  three  year  old  hogs  did  thirty  years  ago,  when  hogs  were  seldom  ready  for  market  at  an 
earlier  age. 

In  sheep,  too,  there  is  a  visible  improvement,  at  least  in  some  quarters,  both  in  the  weight 
of  carcass  and  fleece,  if  not  in  the  fineness  of  the  wool,  but  I  fear  it  has  not  been  so  general 
and  diffusive  as  in  regard  to  other  animals.  Yet  many  of  our  most  far  seeing  farmers  are  of 
0|  inion — wl  ich  there  is  much  reason  to  support — that  the  largest  profits  to  be  gained  hereafter 
in  the  stock  business  of  Kentucky,  will  be  earned  from  sheep,  judiciously  adapted  to  the  va- 


190  REPORT  OF  THE 

rious  Sands  on  which  they  may  be  raised.  The  enormous  amount  of  wool  and  woolens  we 
import  from  abroad,  while  we  have  such  vast  domains  of  cheap  vacant  lands  admirably  adapt 
ed  for  sheep  walks,  is  a  disgrace  to  our  enterprise  and  economical  husbandry.  In  1853,  accor- 
ding to  the  Finance  report  of  Mr,  Guthrie,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  the  value  of  raw  wool 
imported  into  the  United  States  was  $2,669 ,718,  and  of  woollen  manufactures, $27,621  ,911 — 
aggregate  $30,291 ,629.  But  still  there  has  been  improvement.  In  1840,  the  average  of 
fleeces  in  the  United  States  was  1.84  pounds;  in  1850,  it  reached  2.43,  according  to  the  last 
census  report.  In  Vermont,  where  the  greatest  attention  has  been  given  to  wool  growing,  cap. 
ital,  labor,  time  and  expeiiments  having  been  freely  expended  to  produce  a  breed  combining 
weight  and  fineness  of  fleece,  the  result  of  the  efforts  has  been  most  signal.  In  1840;  the 
average  weight  of  the  fleece  was  2.02  pounds,  while  in  1850  it  reached  3.71,  the  gain  being 
almost  equal  to  70  per  cent.  In  other  words,  improvement  in  Vermont  had  the  effect  to  make 
100  sheep  of  1850  yield  as  much  wool  as  170  sheep  of  1840.  In  Massachusetts,  in  the  same 
period,  the  weight  of  the  fleece  increased  from  2.  05  to  3.  01  pounds,  nearly  50  per  cent.  In  New 
York  the  product  of  wool  in  1850  from  3,453,000  sheep,  exceeded  that  from  5,118,000  in 
1840,  by  266,009,  showing  that  the  fleece  had  raised  from  less  than  2  to  nearly  3  pounds. 

I  need  not  instance  the  improvement  in  horses,  asses  and  mules,  for  they  are  palpable  to  all 
eyes,  even  of  our  youngest  farmers — and  most  especially  in  the  two  classes  of  animals  last 
named. 

In  England,  cultivators  often,  as  they  did  the  present  year,  produce  60  bushels  of  wheat  to 
the  acre  and  rarely  fall  below  40;  for  a  less  product  would,  be  unsatisfactory.  In  Kentucky, 
S5  bushels  would  be  considered  a  fine  crop,  though  instances  of  greater  are  known;  but  it  is 
the  opinion  of  a  prominent  farmer  that  the  average  product  or  this  State  does  not  exceed  12. 
The  disparity,  however,  between  the  product  of  England  and  Kentucky,  while  due  in  great 
measure  to  superior  cultivation  in  England,  is  partly  ascribable  to  climate,  which  is  more  fa- 
vorable for  this  crop  in  that  island.  But  still  the  fact  of  improvement  holds  good  there  as 
elsewhere.  A  century  ago,  wheat  was  a  curiosity  in  Scotland,  and  a  field  of  8  acres,  grown 
near  Edinburg,  was  visited  by  the  people  of  the  whole  country  round.  It  is  probable  that 
many  of  those  visitors,  whose  prejudices  still  adhered  to  oats,  which  was  their  chief  bread- 
grain,  regarded  the  introduction  of  wheat  as  an  innovation,  and  denounced  it  as  a  vagary  of 
"book  farming." 

The  county  of  Norfolk  was  once  the  poorest  in  England,  but  by  the  introduction  of  modern 
improvements — root  crops,  fallow  crops,  grass,  rotation  and  m  inuring — its  fame  as  an  agricul- 
tural county  has  been  made  to  surpass  that  of  districts  naturally  more  fertile. 

Great  as  i3  the  product  of  English  culture,  Houston,  an  eminent  writer  of  England  has 
shown  that  the  Flemings,  occupying  a  soil  originally  a  barren  white  sand,  get  twice  as  much 
produce  (partly  by  double  cropping)  annually,  as  the  English  do  from  the  same  quantity  of 
land. 

A  prominent  farmer  of  Kentucky,  some  twelve  or  fifteen  years  ago,  recorded  his  opinion 
that  the  corn  crop  of  the  State  did  not  exceed,  on  the  average,  35  bushels  per  acre;  small 
grain  12  bushels;  hemp  500  pounds.  But  we  all  know  that  far  larger  returns — oftentimes 
more  than  double — are  now  produced.  I  think  it  is  a  fact  that  100  bushels  of  corn  per  acre 
have  been  oftener  produced  of  late  years  in  some  of  our  best  counties,  than  50  bushels  were 
thirty  years  ago.  Now  why  this  great  difference?  It  is  improvement.  It  results  from  better 
culture,  better  preparation  and  tillage — better  systems  of  rotation  and  manuring — better  im- 
plements— in  short,  better  knowledge,  the  fruit  of  observation,  study  and  experiment;  and 
improvements  so  attained  are  the  legitimate  triumphs  of  the  science  and  triumphs  of  the  art 
of  agriculture. 

But  100  bushels  per  acre  is  not  the  maximum  product  of  corn  in  Kentucky.  There  are  re- 
corded proofs,  verified  by  the  most  indubitable  testimony,  of  measured  acres  producing,  re- 
spectively, 108,  110,  113,  127,  160,  192>£  and  200  bushels.  While  it  may  be  a  question  de- 
serving scrutiny,  whether  the  modes  of  culture  by  which  these  great  products  were  obtained, 
are  adapted  to  general  practice,  the  facts  however  go  to  prove  at  least  that  the  common  modes 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  191 

do  not  tax  the  full  capacity  of  the  soil.  It  may  be  inconvenient  suddenly  to  change  long  es- 
tablished habits;  vet  we  should  never  omit  to  make  such  gradual  approaches  to  better  practices 
as  may  be  practicable.  The  aim  should  always  be  high.  He  who  points  his  arrow  upward 
may  even  overshoot  the  mark;  but  he  who  aims  low  will  generally  fall  short  of  it.  The  day 
may  come and  I  think  is  now  approaching — when  the  necessities  of  our  condition — our  rela- 
tions to  the  rival  producing  regions — our  position  with  reference  to  the  great  markets  that 
consume  our  surplus  products — will  constrain  us  to  accept  a  great  revolution  as  to  the  pro- 
ducts, systems  and  modes  of  our  rural  husbandry;  and  we  should  wisely  keep  this  in  view, 
and  most  especially  in  educating  our  sons  for  a  career  of  prosperity  in  the  future.  Whenever 
Kentucky  shall  become  densely  populated — or  if  we  would  see  her  borders  crowded  with  in- 
habitants, an  object  of  ambition  to  every  State — her  rich  soil,  capable  of  sustaining  myriads 
of  people,  and  doubtless  intended  by  our  common  Father  for  their  subsistence,  will  inevitably 
have  to  be  subjected  to  close  tillage,  by  which  a  given  surface  is  made  to  yield  the  largest  re- 
turns. This  revolution,  I  am  persuaded,  will  infallibly  take  place;  but  I  do  not  presume  to 
predict  its  precise  period,  nor  to  speculate  upon  the  processes  by  which  it  will  be  brought 
about.  It  is  a  araud  theme,  however,  not  only  for  speculative  reflection,  but  for  the  earnest 
study  of  practical  statesmen.  The  relations,  actual  and  relative,  in  which  Kentucky  stands, 
will  compel  her  to  consider  by  what  means  she  may  best  meet  her  rivals,  friendly  though  they 
be,  in  the  production  and  sale  of  all  on  which  she  relies  for  accumulation  of  wealth.  IMo  man 
of  reflection  and  candor,  who  seriously  considers  the  great  practical  iuteiests  of  Kentucky, 
her  internal  position  on  the  continent,  far  from  the  seaboard,  whither  her  chief  surplus  pro. 
ducts  must  be  sent  and  thence  exported  to  meet  the  wants  of  foreign  consumers,  but  must  be 
impressed  with  the  conviction  that  (in  order  to  meet  our  rivals,  whose  lands,  while  equally 
fertile,  are  cheaper  in  price,  and  who  enjoy  easier,  speedier  and  cheaper  facilities  lor  reaching 
market,  available  at  all  seasons;  our  chief  resources  for  relative  properity  in  the  future  will 
be  to  make  superior  modes  of  culture  and  superior  facilities  of  transportation  countervail  the 
superior  advantages  with  which  nature  and  art  have  blessed  our  rivals.  We  may  honestly  dif- 
fer as  to  the  modes  ol  executing  the  policy,  but  on  the  wisdom  of  the  policy  itself,  there  can  be 
no  dissenting  opinion. 

Having  thus — interspersed  with  some  brief  running  commentaries — presented  some  of  the 
general  views  and  some  of  the  practical  facts  going  to  prove  the  superiority  of  modern  over 
ancient  systems  of  agriculture,  and  thus  shown  that  as  improvement  has  been  achieved  in  the 
past,  so  it  may  be  in  the  luture — lor  it  would  be  too  presumptious  to  suppose  we  have  attained 
pertectiou — the  practical  effect  of  the  demonstration  should  be  to  invoke  us  to  seek  those 
means  of  improvement  which  will  not  only  perpetuate  existing  attainments  but  acquire  new 
achievements.  This  is  a  vastly  important  question.  It  cannot  be  solved  by  remedies  applica- 
ble to  momentary  circumstances;  it  cannot  be  met  by  temporary  expedients;  the  question  is 
radical  and  the  answer  must  probe  the  root. 

The  solution  may  be  simply  stated — and  I  wish  the  statement  could  be  made  to  ring  in  the 
ears,  and  penetrate  the  brain,  and  stir  the  heart  of  every  man,  woman,  and  child,  who  is  the 
friend  of  agriculture — that  the  radical  means  of  improvenunt  is  the  more  perfect  education  of  the 
farmer  for  his  profession. 

I  do  not  propose,  important  as  this  fundamental  proposition  is,  to  discuss  it  at  length.  Vain 
has  been  the  task  of  producing  illustrations  showing,  as  has  already  been  done,  the  triumphs 
of  modern  over  ancient  systems,  achieved  by  the  application  of  the  sciences  to  the  art  of  ag- 
riculture, it  this  radical  proposition  must  be  re-argued. 

By  the  professional  education  of  farmers,  I  do  not  mean  merely  that  boys  should  be  taught 
the  iudiments  of  agricultural  science  in  the  elementary  schools.  True,  I  think  the  rudiments 
should  be  taught  in  the  early  education  of  all  boys,  even  those  destined  for  other  professions; 
and  1  can  hardly  conceive  whatgieater  improvement  could  be  introduced  into  our  State  system  of 
common  schools— if  system  it  can  be  called — than  judiciously  prepared  school  books,  embac- 
ing  the  elements  ot  agricultural  science.  I  would  have  the  fanner  boy  not  merely  taught  the 
elements  of  agriculture  in  the   same  school  where  he  learns  the  elements  of  other  sciences — 


194  REPORT  OF  THE 

matter,  but  because  of  its  tendency  in  time  to  induce  all  or  most  of  them  to  employ  men  of 
proper  qualifications  upon  that  department  of  their  publications.  But  newspapers,  strictly 
such,  though  they  can  do  much  good,  cannot  possibly  meet  the  wants  of  farmers  in  this  way; 
and  hence  the  necessity  of  journals  devoted  exclusively  to  agriculture. 

Another  means,  leading  to  improvement  in  rural  and  public  economy,  exists  in  the  power 
of  the  State  government  to  cause  the  collection  and  publication  of  the  statistics  of  production 
and  consumption.  Some  of  us  might  be  shamed  into  better  practices  and  better  economy,  by 
scanning  a  table  of  imports,  exhibiting  great  amounts  of  consumptions  which  might  be  profi- 
tably produced  at  home.  The  legislature  has  at  last  taken  a  step  in  the  right  direction,  in 
view  of  acquiring  reliable  information  in  reference  to  our  internal  resources  and  industrial 
interests,  by  providing  for  a  geological  survey  of  the  State,  the  results  of  which,  properly  exe- 
cuted and  reported,  will  prove  to  be  of  vast  practical  value  to  all  pursuits,  agricultural,  man- 
ufacturing and  commercial. 

Having  now  shown  that  further  improvement  is  attainable,  and  indicated  some  of  the  means 
thereto,  let  us  consider  the  incentives  to  exertion.  They  may  be  briefly  summed  :  In  the  first 
place,  our  interests,  and  in  the  next,  our  pride,  invoke  us.  By  adapting  improvements  to  our 
circumstances,  we  shall  increase  in  actual  and  relative  wealth,  prosperity,  and  power,  far  more 
rapidly  than  if  we  continue  in  our  old  customs,  rejecting  every  proposal  looking  to  the  ameli- 
oration of  our  condition,  the  elevation  of  our  standards,  and  the  increase  of  all  the  rewards  of 
our  labor.  And  in  addition  to  the  incentive  of  interest,  usually  considered  the  strongest  mo- 
tive to  all  practical  efforts,  pride,  character,  and  renown,  address  us  with  a  force  of  appeal 
which  we  should  be  ashamed  to  resist.  Suppose  we  were  unaffectedly  indifferent  to  the  allure- 
ments of  accumulated  wealth,  still  it  may  be  asked  with  what  sensations  the  Kentuckians, 
blessed  with  a  soil  of  exuberant  and  unsurpassed  fertility,  and  climate  more  genial  than  that  of 
their  rivals,  would  read  a  veritable  record  showing  that  the  latter  exceeded  them  in  the  pro- 
duction of  the  objects  which  minister  to  our  wants — that  others,  not  more,  if  not  less  favorably 
situated,  were  advancing  with  more  rapid  and  certain  progress  in  population,  prosperity,  wealth, 
power,  refinement,  and  all  that  makes  a  State  great — I  repeat  the  question,  what  would  be  their 
sensations?  They  would  be  degenerate  sous  of  the  State,  and  unworthy  to  live  in  this  age,  if 
they  did  not  blush  at  the  truth  of  the  record.  And  yet  such  a  record  must  assuredly  be  enter- 
ed up,  unless  we  keep  pace  with  our  rivals  in  all  practical  improvements.  Even  if  we 
were  unselfish  enough  to  lay  aside  all  considerations  of  thrift,  still  we  ought  to  look  to  our 
laurels,  and  uphold  our  pride  and  honor  by  demonstrating  our  equal  capacity  for  improvement. 
For  we  are  neither  less  interested  nor  less  capable  than  others,  in  promoting  the  cause  of  im- 
provement; and  we  are  fearfully  and  criminally  responsible,  if  we  fail  to  illustrate  the  truth  in 
our  own  practical  success. 

Before  the  last  century,  agriculture  could  hardly  be  considered  a  profession,  much  less  a  sci- 
ence. Though  it  was  considered  in  some  sense  an  art,  it  was  considered  as  a  very  low  art,  pur- 
sued from  necessity  by  very  low  people,  ignorant  of  true  art,  which  is  based  on  real  science. 
But  now,  by  intelligent  men,  it  is  justly  dignified  as  a  noble  Science  and  a  noble  Art;  and  its 
dignity  is  far  higher  in  this  free  republic,  where  the  people  are  sovereign,  thah  elsewhere.  It 
is  not  here  considered  a  low  and  menial  employment,  but  honorable  and  noble.  The  cultiva- 
tors of  our  soil  are  the  masters  of  our  government;  for  they  are  the  mass  of  the  free  people- 
But  while  such  is  the  truth,  we  must  not  ignore  the  fact  that  the  respectability  of  every  profes- 
sion depends  upon  the  amount  of  intellect  and  intellectual  culture  which  is  directed  to  its  ele- 
vation; and  if  we  would  elevate  and  dignify  agricultural  pursuits,  we  must  excite  professional 
enthusiasm  and  arouse  professional  pride, by  the  incitement  of  professional  education;  for  all 
efforts,  otherwise,  will  be  vain  and  futile.  Agriculture  being  the  pursuit  of  the  masses  of 
men,  in  order  to  exalt  its  dignity  as  a  profession,  and  its  efficiency  as  a  productive  pursuit,  we 
must  elevate  and  enlighten  the  minds  of  the  masses  by  improved  professional  education;  for  it 
is  true  that  the  principles  of  scientific  agriculture,  or  even  of  a  wise  practical  tillage,  cannot 
be  instilled  into  the  minds  of  the  ignorant.  To  improve  the  science  and  art  of  agriculture — 
-to  secure  the  highest  success  in  all  departments  of  rural  industry  and  economy — the  minds  of 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  ]  95 

farmers  must  be  enlightened  by  systematic  and  practical  knowledge;  for  the  basis  of  rational 
liberty  is  not  more  surely  founded  on  general  education  and  enlightenment,  than  is  the  pros- 
perity of  agriculture. 

In  conclusion,  allow  me  to  utter  the  sincere  and  fervent  hope,  that  as  your  association  was 
founded,  as  its  name  has  been  given,  in  the  spirit  of  Union,  so  may  your  union  and  the  bless- 
ings which  shall  result  from  your  practical  operations  under  it,  be  rendered  perpetual. 

From  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  for  1^56. 
UNION  AGRICULTURAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  MASON  AND  BRACKEN  COUNTIES. 

The  third  Annual  Fair  of  the  L^nion  Agricultural  Association  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Coun. 
ties,  was  held  at  the  Society's  Grounds,  near  Germantown,  on  the  23d,  24th,  25th,  and  26th 
days  of  September.  It  was  eminently  successful — almost  every  premium  offered  being  ac- 
tively contested,  and  the  grounds  having  been  visited,  during  the  four  days,  by  about  twenty- 
seven  thousand  persons.  In  horses,  cattle,  fruits,  flowers,  works  of  art,  domestic  manufac- 
tures— in  every  department,  indeed,  but  that  of  farm  implements  and  agricultural  machinery, 
the  exhibition  was  a  full  and  highly  gratifying  one. 

The  Maysville  Eagle,  in  its  account  of  the  Fair,  says  ;  "On  Friday,  the  'observed  of  all  ob- 
servers' in  the  ring,  was  the  Cleveland  bay  carriage  stallion,  Lord  Raglan,  recently  imported 
from  England,  and  now  in  excellent  order.  He  is  a  beautiful  blood  bay,  of  fine  size  and  pro- 
portions, and  is  probably  the  best  imported  horse  now  in  the  West.  The  herd  of  cattle  im- 
ported at  the  same  time  was  also  shown  on  Friday,  (with  two  exceptions,)  and  was  very  much 
admired.  It  will  be  remembered  that  it  was  determined  not  to  sell  any  of  this  lot,  but  only 
their  offspring,  for  several  years.  They  have  been  distributed  among  the  farmers  of  the 
neighborhood." 

The  following  is  a  complete  list  of  the  premiums  awarded  : 

FIRST  DAY. 

CLASS  A. — AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Cultivator,  one  entry,  Patterson  &  Fronk. 

CLASS    B. — CARRIAGES    AND    WAGONS. 

Two  horse  Carriage,  one  entry,  Bierbower  &  Robinson. 
One-horse  Buggy,  three  entries,  George  L.  Reese  &  Co. 
Four  or  six  horse  Wagon,  one  entry,  Martin  Wiuter. 

CLASS    C. — CABINET     WARE. 

Bureau,  two  entries,  William  Ort. 
Centre  Table,  one  entry,  William  Ort. 

CLASS    E. COOPERAGE. 

Flour  Barrel,  one  entry,  John  Sallcup. 

CLASS    F. — SADDLERY    AND    HARNESS. 

Gent's  Saddle,  one  entry,  John  Zech. 

CLASS    G. — LEATHER. 

Sole  Leather,  one  entry,  N.  &  H.  Weare. 
Harness  Leather,  two  entries,  N.  &  H.  Weare. 
Bridle  Leather,  N.  &  H.  Weare. 
Upper  Leather,  one  entry,  N.  &  EI.  Weare. 

CLASS    H. — BOOTS,  SHOES,    AND    SLIPPERS 

Gents'  Fine  Calf  Boots,  two  entries,  Kirk  &  Harrod. 

Gents'  Kip  Boots,  two  entries,  Miner  &,  Larew. 

Ladies'  Gaiters,  one  entry,  Miner  &  Larew. 

Gents'  Embroidered  Slippers,  three  entries,  Miner  &  Larew. 

CLASS    I. — GENTS'  CLOTHING. 

Dress  or  Frock  Coat,  four  entries,  H    Murphy. 
Pants,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Richard  Lloyd. 
Vests,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Richard  Lloyd. 
Shirts,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Richard  Lloyd 


196  REPORT  OF  THE 

CLASS    A. —  FARM    PRODUCTS. 

Water  rotted  Hemp,  one  entry,  Edward  L  Gault. 

Wheat,  seven  entries,  Thornton  Norris. 

Rye,  three  entries,  N.  Taliaferro. 

Corn  in  the  ear,  thirteen  entries,  Thornton  Norris. 

Timothy  Seed,  three  entries,  John  D.  Gregg. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  two  entries,  John  M.  Walton. 

Irish  Potatoes,  two  entries,  John  JV1.  Walton 

Lot  Garden  Vegetables,  one  entry,  John  M.  Walton. 

CLASS    B. FRUIT. 

Winter  Apples,  five  entries,  George  Humlong. 

Summer  and  Fall  Apples,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Amanda  Perrine. 

Peaches,  one  entry,  N.  Taliaferro. 

Grapes,  three  entries,  Wm.  Orr. 

CLASS    C. — FLOWERS. 

Collection  of  Flowers,  different  varieties,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Thomas  Y.  Payae 
Roses,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Richard  H.Collins. 
Boquet  cut  Flowers,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  Y.  Payne. 

CLASS    A  — DAIRY    PRODUCTS. 

Four  pounds  Butter,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  V.  Hamilton. 

CLASS    B. — PRF.SF.RVES    AND    PRESERVING. 

Display  of  four  jars  Preserves,  one  entry,  Mrs.  John  M.  Wilson. 

Plan  in  Writing  for  Preset  ving  Fresh  fruit  upon  the  Hermetical  Sealing  principle,  Specimen 
accompanying  Plan,  five  entries,.  Mrs.  J.  C.  Bagby. 

CLASS    C. — WOOLEN    FABRICS. 

Jeans,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Samuel  Lloyd. 

Flannel,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Ben.  Kirk. 

Rag  Carpet,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Theodric  Owens. 

Flux  Linen,  one  entry,  Mrs   Levi  Maines. 

Yarn,  five  entries,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Gault. 

Stockings,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Chanslor. 

Gloves  and  Mittens,  two  entries,  Miss  Rhoda  B.  Applegate. 

CLASS    D. — QUILTS, 

Silk  Quilt,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Simeon  Walton. 
Worsted  Quilt,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Simeon  Walton. 
Counterpane,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  Samuel  Lloyd. 
White  Cotton  Quilt,  one  entry,  Mrs.  J.  K   Best. 
Patchwork  Quilt,  ten  entries,  Miss  E.  M.  Martin. 

Patchwork  Quilt,  by  Misses  under  12  .years,  two  entriesj  Miss  Samaria  Taylor- 
Pair  Blankets,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Anne  E.  Crihfieid. 

CLASS  E. — PLAIN  AND  ORNAMENTAL  NEEDLEWORK. 

Lady's  Cloak,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Dr.  J.  L.  Russell. 

Ottoman  Cover,  five  entries,  Mrs.  P.  B.  Johnson. 

Chair  Covers,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  Y.  Payne. 

Group  Flowers,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  Y    Payne. 

Linen  Wrought  Collar,  eight  entries,  Mis.  Wm.  H.  Slack. 

CLASS    F. — SHELL    AND    WAX  WORK,    AC 

Shell  Work,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Col.  A   Soward. 
Hair-Work,  one  entry,  Miss  Eva  Hutehins. 

ARTJSTICAL. 

Painting  in  Oil,  five  entries,  Miss  E.  P.  Curtiss. 
Water  Colors,  one  entry,  Miss  H.  Crippen. 
Pencil  Drawings,  two  entries,  Miss  H.  Crippin. 

MISCELLANEOUS-. 

Three  Bacon  Hams,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Chansloc 
Pickles,  five  entries,  Mrs.  R    Lloyd. 
Lard,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  John  Mannen. 
Superfine  Flour,  four  entries,  Taylor  &  Strawby. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  197 

POULTRY. 

White  Shanghais,  oue  entry,  Darius  Norris. 
Brahraas,  two  entries,  Cleon  C.  Owens. 
Common  Fowl,  one  entry,  Garret  Applegate. 

FEMALE    EQUESTRIANS. 

Miss  Fannie  Biggers,  best ;  Miss  Carrie  Taylor,  second. 

DISCRETIONARY    PREMIUMS    AWARDED. 

There  were   no  regular   premiums  offered  for  the  following  articles,  bufc  they  were  each 
adjudged  worthy  of  the  special  premium  named  : 
White  Cravats,  two  eutries,  $2,  Mrs.  Richard  Lloyd. 
Shirts,  by  Misses,  one  entry,  $2,  Miss  Winter. 
Carved  Leather  Work,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  Y.  Payne. 
Brandy,  one  entry,  $2,  John  Winter. 
Catawba  Wine,  three  entries,  S2,  Wm.  Orr. 
Blackberry  Wine,  one  entry,  $2,  Mrs  John  Mannen. 
Fall  Apple,  one  entry,  $2,  Michael   Harman. 
Pumpkins,  one  entry,  $1,  Matthew  Kendrick. 
Honey,  one  entry,  $1,  Mrs.  Sarah  Proctor. 
Catsup,  one  entry,  Geo.  W.  Wells. 
Silver  Pitcher,  one  entry,  S3,  Robert  F.  Adair.' 
Churns,  one  entry,  $2,  Isaac  Morford. 

Churns,  different  pattern,  one  entry,  $2,  Bedinger,  McCormick  &  Falls. 
Preserved  Insects,  one  entry,  $2,  John  Randall. 
Green  Plants,  oue  entry,  $1,  N.  Taliafero. 
Carved  Cane,  one  entry,  Dr.  Keith. 

SECOND  DAY. 

CLASS  A. — CATTLE  FOR  BEEF  OR  MILK. 

Aged  Bull,  two  entries,  Samuel  W.  Whisner,  best  ;  C.  A.  Rout,  second. 

Two  years  old  Bull,  seveu  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,   (Double   Head,)   best  ;  Charles  Hum 
phreys,  (Crusader,)  second. 

Yearling  Bull,  six  eutries,  H.  Smoot,  (Perfection,)    best;  Dr.   A.   H.  Wall,   (Red   Rover,) 
second. 

Sucking  Bull,  five  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  (Gen.  Pierce,)  best  ;  Dr.    A.  H.   Wall,  (Daniel 
Boone,)  second. 

Aged  Cows,  five  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  (Purity,)  best;  Dr.  A.  II.  Wall,  (Dorcas,)  second 

Two  year  old  Cows,  three  entries,  John  Reed,  (Southwort,)  best ;  James  C.  Savage,   (Gol 
den,)  second. 

Yearling  Cow,  one  entry,  Theodric  Owens. 

Sucking  Cows,  six  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,   (Mary   Ann,)   best;  R.  C.  &  W.  H.   Durrett, 
(Delia.)  second. 

CLASS    B. — FAT    CATTLE. 

Aged  Bullock,  one  entry,  Wm.  Chanslor. 

Aged  Cow,  two  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  best;  E.  T.  Currens,  second. 

Two  year  old  Bull,  oue  entry,  Benj.  Kirk. 

Two  year  old  Cow,  two  entries,  John  Reed,  best  and  second. 

CLASS    D. — WORKING    CATTLE. 

Yoke  Working  Cattle,  five  entries,  Dr.  A.  Pollock,  best ;  Miles  Wilson,  second. 

CATTLE  FOR  MILK — ALL  BREEDS. 

Cows,  one  entry,  H.  S.  Jefferson. 

CLASS    A. — SHEEP    FOR    FINE    WOOL. 

Aged  Buck,  one  entry,  P.  B.  Orr. 
Ewe,  one  entry,  P   B.  Orr. 
Sucking  Ewe,  one  entry,  P.  B.  Orr. 

CLASS    B. — MIDDLE    GRADES    OF   WOOL. 

Buck,  one  year  old  and  over,  three  entries,  James  B.  Claybrook. 
Ewe,  one  year  old  and  over,  three  entries,  Bazil  D.  Owens. 
Sucking  Buck,  two  eutries,  Henry  Smoot. 
Sucking  Ewe,  one  entry,  Bazil  D.  Owens. 


198  BEPORT  OF  THE 

CLASS    C. — COARSE    WOOLED    GRADE. 

Buck,  over  one  year  old,  three  entries,  Anthony  Killgore. 
Ewe,  over  one  year,  one  entry,  A.  Killgore. 
Sucking  Buck,  one  entry,  A.  Killgore. 
Sucking  Ewe,  one  entry,  A.  Killgore. 

CLASS    D. — FAT    SHEEP. 

Best  Pen,  one  entry,  Bazil  D.  Owens. 

SWINE. 

Aged  Sow,  four  entries,  Garret  Applegate. 
Sucking  Boar,  two  entries,  Daniel  Rees. 
Sucking  Sow,  one  entry,  Henry  Smoot. 

CATTLE    SWEEPSTAKES. 

Bull,  of  any  age  or  breed,  eight  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall. 
Cow,  of  any  age  or  breed,  eight  entries,  Dr.  A.  H.  Wall. 

THIRD  DAY. 

CLASS    A FINE    HORSES. 

Aged  Stallions,  nine  entries,  John  S.  Foster,  (Young  Ramp)  best;  John  S.  Heillock, second. 
Two  year  old  Stallions,  seven  entries,  C.  Perry  Bateman,  bijst;  J    B.  Clark,  second. 
Yearling  Stallions,  nine  entries,  Veach  &  Rankins,  best;   Elijah  T.  Currens,  second. 
Sucking  Stallions,  eighteen  entries,  James  R.  Runyon,  best;  Osgood  Burgess,  second. 
Aged  Mares,  thirty  five  entries,  William  M.  Dills,  best;  W.  H.  Les,  second. 
Two  year  old  Mares,  fourteen  entries,  W.  W.  Goddard,  best;  John  McClintock,  second. 
Yearling  Mares,  seven  entries,  J    L.  Arnold,  best;  John  McClintock,  second. 
Sucking  Mares,  thirteen  entries,  Veach  &  Rankins,  best  and  second. 

CLASS    B — HARNESS    HORSES. 

Matched  Harness  Horses,  seven  entries,  Allen  Browning,  best;  Robert  A.  Tabb,  second. 

Mare  or  Gelding  for  Single  Harness,  four  entries.  Octavius  M.  Weeden,  best;  Robert  L 
Lewis,  second. 

Stallion  for  Double  or  Single  Harness,  eighteen  entries,  Robert  G.  Chanslor,  best;  John  S. 
Hillock,  second. 

CLASS    C — SADDLE. 

Saddle  Horses,  thirty  seven  entries,  Alfred  H.  Pollock,  best;  Samuel  T.  Forman,  second 
Saddle  Stallion,  six  entries,  Paul  T.  Best,  best;  John  F.  Piper,  second. 

SWEEPSTAKES — FINE  HORSES. 

Stallions  of  auy  age,  twenty  six  entries,  Veach  &  Rankins. 
Mares  of  any  age,  thirty  six  entries,  John  McClintock. 

FOURTH   DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Aged  Stallions,  one  entry,  William  Purcell. 

Two  year  old  Stallion,  two  entries,  Charles  Gordon,  best;  J.  L.  Tabb,  second. 

Yearling  Stallion,  ihree  entries,  Charles  Day,  best;  C.  E.  Dimmitt  &  Rankins,  second 

Sucking  Stallion,  one  entry,  George  Humlong. 

Aged  Mares  for  Draft,  seven  entries,  C.  A.  Routt,  best:   Robert  Terhune,  second. 

Two  year  old  Mare,  two  entries,  J.  0.  Cushman,  best;  Milton  C.  Smith,  second. 

Yearling  Mare,  one  entry,  James  C.  Savage. 

Sucking  Mare,  one  eutry,  James  C.  Savage. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR  DRAFT  HORSES. 

Stallions  of  all  ages,  six  entries,  Charles  Day. 
Mares  of  all  ages,  thirteen  entries,  H.  A.  Hiirgett. 
Two  year  old  Geldings,  eight  entries,  Eliza  Berry. 

YOUNG    MALE   EQUESTRIANS. 

Alfred  Pollock,  best;  Frank  Downing,  second. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Aged  Jack,  seven  entries.  Eldred  M   Groves,  best;  J.  Duffort,  Jr.,  second. 

Two  year  old  Jack,  one  entry,  J.  Duffort,  Jr. 

Yearling  Jacks,  four  entries,  Geo.  W.  Wells,  best;  H.  M.  Dobyns,  second. 

Sucking  Jack,  two  entries,  Denedict  Kirk,  best;  J.  Duffort,  Jr.,  second. 

Aged  Jennet,  four  entries,  Geo.  W   Wells,  best;  F.  M.  Hampton,  second. 

Two  year  old  Jennet,  one  entry,  Joseph  Leiter. 

Sucking  Jennet,  two  entries,  J.  Duffort,  Jr.,  best;  George  W.  Wells,  second. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  199 

MULES. 

Aged  Horse  Mule,  one  entry,  John  McClintock. 

One  year  old  Horse  Mule,  two  entries,  Eldred  M.  Groves,  best;  Joseph  Leiter,  second. 

Sucking:  Horse  Mule,  two  entries,  Thomas  McFarland,  best,  Charles  M.  Gibbons,  second. 

Aged  Mare  Mule,  five  entries,  George  W.  Wells,  best  and  second. 

Yearling  Mare  Mule,  two  entries,  George  W.  Wells,  best;  Eldred  M.  Groves, second. 

Sucking  Mare  Mule,  seven  entries,  Eldred  M.  Groves,  best;  William  S.  Dudley,  second. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    JACKS. 

Jacks  of  any  age,  six  entries,  George  W.  Wells. 
Jennets  of  any  age,  five  entries,  J.  Dufforc,  Jr. 


UNION  AGRICULTURAL    AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION— 

AT    EMINENCE,    HENRY    COUNTY,    KENTUCKY. 

This  Society  has  held  Fairs  annually  since  1850,  at  their  well  ar- 
ranged grounds  near  Eminence.  It  is  well  and  favorably  known,  and 
all  the  Fairs  have  been  successful,  under  the  management  of  her  ex- 
cellent officers.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  they  have  not  given  the  de- 
tailed history  of  their  proceedings  for  the  benefit  of  similar  institu- 
tions. 

The  following  brief  notice  of  the  Society  is  from  an  old  number  of 
the  Shelby  News.  The  awards  for  1850  are  given,  together  with  a 
brief  notice  of  the  Fair  for  1850,  by  the  Editor  of  the  Western  Farm 
Journal. 

From  the  Shelby  News,  for  1853. 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association. — At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Union 
Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  held  at  Eminence,  on  the  1st  Saturday  in  May, 
quite  a  large  number  of  members  were  in  attendance.  Robt.  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  was  re- 
elected President,  and  Daniel  firannin,  Robt.  Brown,  and  James  O'Bannon,  of  Henry,  I.  N. 
Blakemore,  W.  W.  Taylor,  and  John  Fible,  of  Oldham,  and  Shannon  Reid,  S.  T.  Drane,  and 
C  J-j.  White,  of  Shelby,  Directors;  Morris  Thomas,  Treasurer;  and  W.  S.    Helm,   Secretary- 

The  Secretary  was  directed  to  have  certificates  of  life  membership  prepared,  and  to  issue  to 
each  life  member  one,  so  soon  as  he  paid  in  full  his  membership  fee. 

The  list  of  premiums  was  extended  so  as  to  give  a  $10  cup  to  the  best  harness  stallion. 

After  the  transaction  of  the  other  business  the  Association  adjourned. 

At  a  called  meeting  of  the  Directors,  held  on  the  Fair  Grounds,  on  Saturday,  the  4  h  of  June, 
it  was  resolved  to  enlarge  the  show  riug  and  arrange  the  seats  upon  the  plan  of  the  Lexington 
Fair  Grounds,  so  as  to   seat  as  many  persons. 

It  is  the  intention  of  the  Directors  to  expend  about  $2,000  the  present  year,  in  arranging 
seats,  procuring  water,  and  ordering  all  such  things  as  will  tend  to  the  comfort  and  convenience 
of  those  who  may  attend. 

I  have  thus  given  you  a  hasty  sketch  of  the  principal  doings  of^the  Association  and  Directo- 
ry at  their  last  meetings;  you  may  hear  from   me  again,  some    several  times,  before   the  Fair. 

Respectfully,  &c,  W.  S.  HELM. 

June  7th,  1853. 

From  the  Western  Farm    Journal,  1856. 
UNION     AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION    AT  EMINENCE. 
The  sixth  annual    exhibition  of  this  Society  was  held  at  the    Fair  Grounds  of  the  Associa- 
tion, near  the  town  of  Eminence,  on  the  7th,  8th,  9th,  and  10th  days   of  October.     In  a  few 


200  REPORT  OF  THE 

departments,  owing  to  the  unfavorable  season,  the  show  was  not  equal  to  what  it  had  been 
on  previous  occasions,  but  in  all  the  others  it  came  fully  up  to  the  high  standard  of  excel- 
lence which  this  enterprising  Association  always  strives  to  reach.  The  farmers  of  Shelby, 
Henry,  and  Oldham,  who  annually  go  up  to  Eminence  with  samples  of  their  live  stock,  their 
domestic  manufactures,  their  field  crops,  their  garden  vegetables,  and  the  delicious  produc- 
tions of  their  dairies  and  pantries,  are  proud  of  their  exhibitions;  and  justly  so,  for  it  takes 
those  who  are  first  among  rhe  foremost  to  beat  them  in  any  department,  that  of  unobtrusive 
but  hearty  hospitality  not  excepted. 

The  following  is  the  official  report  of  premiums  awarded — the  first  name  in  each  case  taking 
the  article  accompanying  the  blue  ribbon,  the  second  the  honorable  compliment  conferred 
with  the  red. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC   MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  five  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  premium;  Mrs.   Morris  Thomas,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  eleven  entries,  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  premium;  Mrs.  Thomas  E.  Reed, 
certificate. 

White  Linsey,  four  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  premium;  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  certifi- 
cate. 

Colored  Lins  y,  four  entries,  Mrs.  A.  B  Rees,  premium;  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  certifi- 
cate 

Plaid  Linsey,  five  entries,  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  premium  and  certificate. 

White  Flannel,  six  entries,  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  premium;  Mrs.  Scobee,  certifi- 
cate. 

Carpet,  wool,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  John  Barnhill,  first  premium;  Mrs-  John  Fible,  se- 
cond. 

Carpet,  wool,  and  rug  filling,  nine  entries,  Mrs  A.  B.  Rees,  first  premium;  Mrs.  William 
Calloway,  second. 

Carpet,  all  rag  filling,  three  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  premium;  Miss  Jane  Baker,  cer- 
tificate. 

Pair  Blankets,  five  entries,  Mrs.  William  Armstrong,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  certifi- 
cate. 

Pair  Hose,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  C   Scobee,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Half  Hose,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  T.  S.  Roberts,  premium;  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  certifi- 
cate. 

Suit  of  Clothes,  cut  and  made  by  Lady,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Martha  Prewitt,  premium;  Mr3. 
Richard  Shockency,  certificate. 

Linen  Shirt,  three  entries,  Miss  Ann  R  Barnhill,  premium;  Miss  Fannie  Fible,  certifi- 
cate. 

Needle-Work,  three  entries,  Miss  Lizzie  Lecompte,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  G.  Gibson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Embroidery,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  William  Thompson,  premium;  Miss  S.  B.  Moore,  certifi- 
cate. 

Woolen  Coverlet,  one  entry,  Mrs.  William  Armstrong  premium. 

Cotton  Coverlet,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Thomas  Blakemore,  premium;  Miss  Jane  Baker,  certifi 
cate. 

White  Cotton  Quilt,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Ij   L.  Montague,  premium. 

Patch  Work  Cotton  Quilt,  four  eutries,  Mrs  J.  C.  Booker,  first  premium;  Mrs.  William 
Thompson,  second, 

Patch  Work  Worsted  Quilt,  three  entries,  Mrs.  William  Thompson,  first  premium;  Miss 
Mary  C.  Piyor,  second. 

Silk  Quilt,  Patch  Work,  three  entries,  Mrs.  W.  T.  Curry,  first  premium;  Mrs.  T.  S.  Rob- 
erts, second. 

Cloth  Coat,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Martha  Prewitt,  premium. 

Hat,  one  entry,  Miss  Letitia  Baker,  premium. 

Ladies'  Shoes,  one  entry,  Miss  Martha  Thomas,  premium. 

MANUFACTURES  BY  MACHINERY. 

Negro  Jeans,  four  entries,  M.  M.  Matthews,  premium;  Thomas  E.  Reed,  certificate. 
Blankets,  pair,  five  entries,  John  Fible,  premium  and  certificate. 

FRUITS    AND    VEGETABLES 

Apples,  four  entries.  Mrs.  E.  G   Berry,  premium;  G.  W.  Riley,  certificate. 
Grapes,  one  entry,  Mrs   S.  T.  Drane,  premium. 

Tomatoes,  eleven  entries,  Mrs.  S.  T.  Drane,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  D.  Calloway,  certifi- 
cate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  201 

Beets,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  Lucy  Burns,  premium;  Mrs.   William   Gutliiie,  certificate. 
Turnips,    nine   entries,     Mrs.    Morris  Thomas,  premium;    Mrs.    R.    H.    Thomas,    certifi- 
cate. 

Parsnips,  three  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  premium;  Dr.  J.  Baker,  certificate. 
Cabbage,  three  entries,  Mrs.  L    E.  Brown,  premium;   Mrs.  E.  G.  Berry,  certificate. 
Salsify,  two  entries,  Mrs.  A.  Rees,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  certificate. 

DOMESTIC    WINE.    BACON,    BREAD,  BUTTER,  <fcC. 

Butter,  thirteen,  entries,  Mrs.  James  Guthrie,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  M.  King,  certifi- 
cate. 

Cheese,    three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Todd,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  M.  King,  certificate. 

Honey,  twelve  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  premium;   Mrs.    A.  Rees,  certificate. 

Cooked  Ham,  fourteen  entries,  Mrs.  M.  Calloway,  premium;  Mrs.  William  Calloway,  cer- 
tificate. 

Wheat  Bread,  seventeen  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  premium;  Mrs.  G.  P.  Owen,  certifi- 
cate. 

Corn  Bread,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  Calvin  Ford,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  T.  Drane,  certificate. 

Cider,  six  entries,  Mrs.  A.   Rees,  premium;  Mrs.  Lucy  Burns,  certificate. 

Wine,  four  entries,  J.  J.  Railey,  premium;  Mrs.  L.  Burns,  certificate. 

POULTRY. 

Turkies,  six  entries,  Mrs.  James  Calloway,  premium;  Mrs.  Win   Armstrong,  certificate. 

Muscovy  Ducks,  one  entry,  Dr.  J.  Baker,  premium. 

Poland  Ducks,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Perkins,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  A.  Hornsby,  certificate. 

Chickens,  pair,  three  entries,  Mrs.  W.  EL  Perkins,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  T.  Drane,  certificate. 

Chickens,  Shanghai,  two  entries,  Mrs.  T.  S.  Maddox,  premium;  Mrs.  B.  H.  Dale,  certificate. 

Chickens,  Cochin  China,  one  entry,  Mrs.  James  Guthrie,  premium. 

Chickens,  Brahma  Pootra,  five  entries,  Dr.  L.  E.  Brown,  premium  and  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS    AND    PRODUCTS. 

Essay  on  Agriculture  and  Management  of  Farm,  one  entry,  J.  M.  Todd,  premium. 

Bread  Corn,  nine  entries,  G.  W.  Riley,  premium;   R.  H.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Corn  Meal,  ten  entries,  P    B.  Woolfolk,  premium;  G.  P.  Owen,  certificate. 

Stock  Corn,  ten  entries,  Levi  Barnhill,  premium;  T.  W.  Tucker,  certificate. 

Irish  Potatoes,  three  entries,  T.  S.  Roberts,  premium;  R.  H.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  three  entries,  Samuel  Venable,  premium;  T.  S.  Roberts,  certificate. 

Wheat,  red,  nine  entries,  A.  B.  Rees,  premium;  Thos.  H.  Jackson,  certificate. 

Wheat,  white,  nine  entries,  Alexander  Hopkins,  premium;  S.  T.  Drane,  certificate. 

Wheat,  spring,  one  entrv,  S.  T.  Drane,  premium. 

Rye,  four  entries,  S.  H    Calloway,  premium;   A    B.  Rees,  certificate. 

Oats,  five  entries,  G.  W.  Riley,  premium;  A.  Rees,  certificate. 

Wheat  Fan,  one  entry,  J.  McKim,  premium. 

Tobacco,  leaf,  three  entries,  A.  B.  Rees,  premium;  B.  F.  Booker,  certificate. 

Hemp,  50  pounds,  from  break,  one  entry,  Evau  Henton,  premium. 

Harrow,  one  entry,  J.  M.  Calloway,  premium. 

Cultivator,  three  entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium;  Samuel  Glass,  certificate. 

Wagon,  three  entries,  John  T.  Davis,  premium;  John  Fible,  certificate. 

Corn  Planter,  Thos.  E.  Reed,  premium;   E.  D.  Jones  &  Bro  ,  certificate. 

Clover  Seed  Sower,  one  entry,  S.  T.  Drane,  premium. 

Buggy,  six  entries,  Steadman  &  Pierce,  premium;  Morris  &  Shockency,  certificate. 

Carriage,  two  entries,  J.  W.  Brannon,  premium;  Steadman  &  Pierce,  certificate. 

Plow,  sod,  two  entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium;  John  T.  Davis,  certificate. 

Plow,  stubble,  twelve  entries,  John  T.  Davis,  premium;  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  certificate. 

Mowing  Machine,  three  entries,  Miller,  Wingate  &,  Co.,  premium;  H.  B   Howard,  certificate. 

Reaping  Machine,  four  entries,  R.  Dutton,  premium;   H.  B.  Howard,  certificate. 

Threshing  Machine,  one  entry,  Proctor  &  Collins,  premium. 

THOROUGH    BRED    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  two  entries,  J.  W.  Kirkpatrick,  premium;  J.  Hall,  certificate. 
Stallion,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  S.  T.  Drane,  premium;   Robt.  Brown,    certificate. 
Stallion,  under  one  year,  one  entry,  Daniel  Brannon,  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  three  entries,  Wm.  Palmer,  premium  ;  Bartlett  &  Pryor,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old,  one  entry,  Evan  Henton,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  one  entry,  Wm.  Palmer,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  one  entry,  Bartlett  &  Pryor,  premium. 


202  REPORT  OF  THE 

SECOND  DAY. 

THOROUGH    BRED    CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  and  over,  one  entry,  A.  Burns,  premium. 
Bull,  three  years  old,  one  entry,  A.  J.  Viley,  premium. 

Bull,  two  years  old,  three  entries,  J.  T.  McClelland,  premium;  B,  H.  Dale,  certificate. 
Bull,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  Ben.  A.  Thomas,  premium;  L.  P.  Tarlton,  certificate. 
Bull,  under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  B.  H.  Dale,  premium;  Ben.  Warfield,  Jr.,  certificate. 
Cow,  four  years  old  and  over,  two  entries,  J.  T.   McClelland,  premium  ;  Z.  F.  Smith,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  three  years  old.  one  entry,  Ben.  Warfield,  Jr.,  premium. 

Cow,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  L.  P.  Tarlton,  premium  ;  A.  J.  Viley,  certificate. 

Cow,  one  year  old,  one  entry,  A.  J.  Viley,  premium. 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  L.  P.  Tarlton,  premium  and  certificate. 

GRADE    CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  old,  one  entry,  Orville  Ford,  premium. 

Bull,  one  year  old,  one  entry,  Calvin  Ford,  premium. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  C.  L.  White,  premium  ;  R.  H.  George,  certificate. 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  over,  two  entries,  R.  H.  Thomas,  premium  ;  Morris  Thomas,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  three  years  old,  one  entry,  Dr.  J.  Baker,  premium. 

Cow,  one  year  old,  one  entry,  J.  C.  Booker,  Dremium. 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries.  S.  T.  Drane,  premium  ;  Morris  Thomas,  certificate. 

Best  Fatted  Steer  or  Heifer,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  J.  C.  Booker,  premium;  Isaac  Shel- 
by, certificate. 

Best  Fatted  Steer  or  Heifer,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  C  S.  Moore,  premium;  E.  G.  Berry, 
certificate. 

Best  Fatted  Steer  or  Heifer,  three  years  old,  three  entries,  James  Calloway,  premium  ;  T. 
G.  Dunlap,  certificate. 

Best  Fatted  Steer  or  Heifer,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  four  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  pre- 
mium ;  James  Calloway,  certificate. 

Yoke  Oxen,  four  entries,  W.  J.  Thomas,  premium  ;  Morris  Thomas,  certificate. 

Milch  Cow,  two  entries,  P.  Calloway,  premium  ;  P.  Harwood,  certificate 

Open  ring  for  Bulls,  nine  entries    J.  T.  McClelland,  premium;   A.  J.  Viley,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Cows,  six  entries,  Ben.  Warfield,  Jr.,  premium  ;  L.  P.  Tarlton,  certificate. 

HOGS. 

Best  pair  Pigs,  under  six  months  old,  eighteen  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Boar,  over  six  months  and  under  twelve,  eight  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium;  Robert  Arm- 
strong, certificate. 

Sow,  over  six  months  and  under  twelve,  nine  entries,  T.  G.  Crutcher,  premium;  David  Ellis, 
certificate. 

Aged  Boar,  five  entries,  Nathan  Miles,  premium;  S.  H.  Clay,  certificate. 

Aged  Sow,  nine  entries,  L.  P.  Tarlton,  premium;  David  Ellis,  certificate. 

Best  three  fatted  Hogs,  two  entries,  P.  Calloway,  premium;  R.  H.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Best  Sow  and  Pigs,  sucking,  three  entries,  R.  H  Thomas,  premium;  David  Ellis,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Boars,  nineteen  entries,  S.  H.  Clay,  premium;  Nathan  Miles,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Sows,  nineteen  entries,  David  Ellis,  premium;  S.  H.  Clay,  certificate. 

bo&ton's  colt. 
Best  Colt,  seven  entries,  Daniel  Brannon,  first  premium;  Samuel  Booker,  second. 

drennon's  colt. 
Horse  Colt,  without  regard  to  age,  thirteen  entries,  Wm.  J.  Smith,  premium;  A.  Dupeau, 
certificate. 

Mare  Colt,  ten  entries,  E.  B.  Pollard,  premium;  N.  J.  Smith,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

SHEEP  —  FINE    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  old,  one  entry,  C.  Scobee,  premium. 

Buck,  one  year  old,  one  entry,  Levi  Barnhill,  premium. 

Pair  of  Lambs,  two  entries,  C.  Scobee,  premium;  Levi  Barnhill,  certificate. 

Ewe,  two  years  old,  six  entries,  Wm.  Armstrong,  premium;  J.  T.  Armstrong,  certificate. 

MIDDLE    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  old,  six  entries,  James  Calloway,  premium;  Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 
Buck,  one  year  old,  three  entries,  James  O'Bannon,  premium;  James  Calloway,  certificate. 
Pair  of  Lambs,  five  entries,  James  Calloway,  premium  and  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  203 

Ewe,  two  years  old,  seven  entries,  Dr.  J.  Baker,  premium  ;  James  Calloway,  certificate. 
Ewe,  one  year  old,  three  entries,  James  Calloway,  premium;  P.  Calloway,  certificate. 

LONG    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  old,  three  entries,  Wilson  &  Jones,  premium;  Hopkins  &  Dunlap,  certifi- 
crte. 

Buck,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  Hopkins  &  Dunlap,  premium;  J.  Bright  &  Son,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Lambs,  three  entries,  J.  B.  Jones,  premium;  L.  Hopkins,  certificate. 

Ewe,  two  years  old,  six  entries,  S.  T.  Drane,  premium;  L   Hopkins,  certificate. 

Ewe,  one  year  old,  Orville  Ford,  premium ;  P.  Calloway,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Bucks,  ten  entries,  J    Bright  &  Son,  premium;  Wilson  &  Jones,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Ewes,  fifteen  entries,  J    Bright  &  Son,  premium;  Dr.  J.  Baker,  certificate. 

Best  three  fatted,  two  entries,  W.  Hopkins,  premium;  J.  M.Calloway,  certificate. 

ASfES    AND    MULES. 

Jack,  four  years  old  and  over,  one  entry,  R.  M  Booker,  premium. 

Jack,  three  years  old,  three  entries,  N.  P.  Green,  premium;  Jonathan  Davis,  certificate. 
Jack,  two  years  old,  three  entries,  Enoch  Brewer,  premium;  Nathan  Divine,  certificate. 
Jack,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  E.  Basey,  premium;  Nathan  Divine,  certificate. 
Jack,  under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  Nathan  Divine,  premium,  S.  Keid,  certificate. 
Jennet,  four  years  old  and  over,  six  entries,  R.  M.  Booker,  premium ;  R.  H.  Paxton,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jennet,  three  years  old,  two  entries,  R.  H.  Paxton,  premium;  N.  P.  Green,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  H.  Hildreth,  premium;  Evan  Henton,  certificate. 

Jennet,  one  year  old,  three  entries,  N.  Howell,  premium;  E.  Arnold,  certificate. 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  N.  J.  Smith,  premium;   W.  K.  Thorn,  certificate. 

Mule,  two  years  old,  five  entries,  W.  Muir,  premium;  J.  Marr,  certificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  W.Muir,  premium;  L.  Hopkins,  certificate. 

Mule,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  S.  Ford,  premium;  R.  E.  Mason,  certificate. 

Pair  Draft  Mules,  one  entry,  J.  Marr,  premium 

Open  ring  for  Jacks,  five  entries,  N.  P.  Green,  premium;  R.  M.  Booker,  certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Jennets,  eight  entries,  Nathan  Howell,  premium;  R.  M.  Booker,  certificate. 

FINE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  under,  five  entries,  C.  S.  Moore,  premium;  John  Offutt,  certical  e 
Stallion,  three  years  old,  two  entries,  E.   R.  Smith,  premium;  J.  Bright  &  Son,  certificate. 
Stallion,  two  years  old,  seven  entri  es,  L.  L.  Dorsey,  premium;  S.  Booker,  certificate. 
Stallion,  one  vear  old,  six  entries,  R.  Garrett,  premium;  R.  M.  Booker,  certificate. 
Stallion,  under  one  year  old,   eight  entries,  W .  D.  Crockett,  premium;   J.   W.  Moody,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  seven  entries,  W.  Holly,  premium;  J.  W.  Moody,  certificate. 
Mare,  three  years  old,  three  entries,  J    M.  French,  premium;  S.  Booker,  certificate. 
Mare,  two  years  old,  four  entries,  W.D.  Calloway,  premium;  Jesse  Stone,  certificate. 
Mare,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  W.  D.  Crockett,  premium;  W.  O'Bannon,  certificate. 
Mare,  under  one  year  old, seven  entries,  W.  Holly,  premium;  S.  Booker,  certificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  five  entries,  Downing  &  Alexander,  premium;  R.  L.  Tins- 
ley,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  three  entries,  Bartlett  &  Pryor,  premium;  S.  M.  Tartton,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  five  entries,  Shearer  &  Lorimer,  premium;  A.  Dupeau,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  five  entries,  Drane  &  Hopkins,  premium;  E.  Dorsey,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  eight  entries,  Strother  Sudduth,  premium;  M.  Thomas,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  four  entries,  L.  L.  Dorsey,  premium;  E.  S.  Pollard,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old,  three  entries,  W.  R.  King,  premium;  Bartlett  &  Pryor,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  six  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jr.,  premium;  L.  L.  Coons,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  five  entries,  R.  Garrett,  premium;  E   Dorsey,  Sr.,  certificate. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  Adam  Middleton,  premium;  J.  M.  Todd,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

DXAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  four  entries,  George  L.  Chiles,  premium,  John  Hinkle, 
certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  two  entries,  W.  Parish,  premium;  S.  McWilliams,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  one  entry,  W   John  Thomas,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  five  entries,  A.  Ford,  premium;   A.  Middleton,  certificate. 

Stallion,,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  O.  Thomas,  premium;  John  F.  Moore,  certificate. 


204  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  G.  L.  Chiles,  premium;  A.  Shrader,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  rears  old.  two  entries.  R.  Shocfcency,  premium;   A.  Scearce,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  five  entries,  W.  Warford,  premium;  J.  L.  Ficklin,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  one  entry.  G.  L.  Chiles,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  N.  Miles,  premium;  R.  H.  Paxton,  certificate. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  one  entry,  J.  R.  Moss,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  four  entries,  J.  Mellvaine,  premium;  N.  C.  Bicknell,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  four  entries,  G   W.  Moore,  premium;  S.  Mellvaine,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  H.  C.  Middletou,  premium;  John  A.   Middleton,  certi- 
ficate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  seven  entries,  I.  F.  Collier,  premium;  Warren  Moody,  certi 
ficate 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  six  entries,  Logan  Railey,  premium;  J.  W.  Moody,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old,  six  entries,  N.  S.  Pollard,  premium;  George  Rowland,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  five  entries,  David  Ellis,  premium;   W.  O'Bannon,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  three  entries,  F.  H.  Goodrich,  premium;  Elias  Dorsey,  certificate. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,   four  entries,  E.    D.    Jones  &    Brother,  premium;  J.  L.  Moody, 
certificate. 

Open  ring  for  Stallions,  sixteen  entries,  Robert  Garrard,  premium;  Wm.J.  Smith,  certificate 

Open  ring  for    Mares,  thirteen    entries,  L.  L.   Dorsey,  pre<nium;  VV.  D.   &  J    F.  Calloway, 
certificate. 

Saddle  Geldings,  twelve  entries,  H  H.  Ferguson,  premium;  Morris  &  Shockency,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  eleven  entries,  R.  P.  Pepper,  premium;  J.  M.  Calloway,  certificate. 

Pair  Carriage  Horses,  five  entries,  Morris  &  Shockency,  premium;  J.  L   Downing,  certificate. 

Pair  Carriage  Mares,  one  entry,  Warren  Moody,  premium. 

Pair  Buggy  Horses,  four  entries,  E   D.  Jones  &  Brother,  premium;  C.  S.  Moore,  certificate. 

Pair  Buggy  Mares,  one  entry,  Morris  &  Shockency,  premium. 

Buggy  Horse,  nine  entries,  J.  K.  Lincoln,  premium;    E    Dorsey,  Sr.,  certificate. 

Buggy  Mare,  two  entries,  J.  F.  Nicholas,  premium;  J.  P.  Crabb,  certificate. 


WARREN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Herewith  will  be  found  an  interesting  Report  from  the  officers  of 
this  Society,  its  Constitution  and  By-laws  No  report  of  the  awards 
made  at  the  Third  Annual  Fair  for  1856  has  been  recived,  nor  have  we 
been  able  to  procure  it  for  publication. 

BoWLINGGREEN,    NOVEMBER    22,    1856. 

Robert  W.  Scott,  Esq. 

Dear  Sir:  The  "Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association"  was  organized 
during  the  summer  of  1854,  and  held  its  first  Fair  on  an  open  lot,  with  no  seats  and  but  a  tem- 
porary shed  for  the  judges,  &c,  the  following  October.  This,  their  first  effort  to  encourage  the 
development  of  Agriculture  and  the  Mechanic  Arts,  was  successful  to  a  degree  not  antici. 
pated  by  the  most  sanguine  of  its  projectors,  and  bur  citizens  and  farmers  entered  at  once, 
with  a  commendable  zeal,  into  a  plan  already  proposed,  to  purchase  suitable  grounds  and  erect 
appropriate  buildings  in  which  to  hold  State,  District,  and  County  Fairs.  This  movement  oc 
casioned  the  disorganization  of  the  first,  and  the  forming  of  our  present  association  upon  a 
larger,  more  liberal,  and  permanent  basis. 

A  company,  organized  under  the  style  of  the  "Fair  Ground  Association,''  who,  in  the  spring 
of  1855,  purchased  a  beautiful  site  of  12  acres  of  ground,  and  erected  an  amphitheatre,  with 
pleasant  seats,  to  accommodate  5,000  persons,  an  elegant  and  roomy  promenade,  a  tasty  and 
convenient  centre  pavilion,  officers  rooms,  &c,  &c,  60  that,  in  extent,  elegance  of  design, 
and  convenience,  the  Warren  County  Fair  Grounds  will  compare  favorably  with  any  in  the 
southwest.     On  this  ground  the  Second  Annual  Exhibition  of  Warren  was  held  in  October 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIRTV.  205 

1855,  which  was  eminently  successful  and  encouraging  to  its  rapidly  increasing  patrons.  It 
has  been  estimated  that  over  8,000  persons  visited  our  Fair  of  1855,  while  not  more  than  half 
that  number  were  here  in  1854.  But  to  show  the  constantly  increasing  interest  that  is  being 
manifested  in  this  section  in  regard  to  the  usefulness  of  such  associations,  I  have  only  to  say 
that  our  last  Exhibition  (1856;  doubled  in  number  and  quality  of  entries  both  the  previous 
Fairs,  and  that  on  the  last  day  of  the  Exhibition  alone  there  could  not  have  been  less  than 
8,000  persons  present.  The  number  of  fine  animals  entered,  surpassed  any  thing  of  the  kind 
ever  seen  in  the  Green  river  country,  and  the  quantity  and  quality  of  Domestic  Manufactures 
would  have  taken  no  second  rank  at  the  World's  Fair.  During  next  year  there  will  be  other 
improvements  made  upon  the  grounds,  such  as  arranging  walks,  setting  out  trees  and  shrub- 
bery, sodding,  &c,  &c,  which,  when  complete,  will  make  ours  not  only  the  most  substantial, 
but  the  handsomest  grounds  in  Kentucky.  Both  associations  are  in  a  flourishing  condition 
and  Warren,  as  well  as  adjoining  counties,  are  becoming  thoroughly  awakened  to  the  impor- 
tance of  a  higher  grade  of  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  knowledge,  and  Home  Industry  is 
bei  ng  rewarded  with  that  noble  honor  which  it  so  justly  merits. 

T.he  officers  of  the  Agricultural  Association  for  1856,  are — Woodford  Dulany,  President; 
Jno.  M.  Sharp  and  H.  P.  Murrell,  Vice  Presidents;  T,  C.  Calvert,  Treasurer;  F.  C.  Herrick, 
Secretary.  F.  C.  HERRICK,  Secretary. 

CONSTITUTION  AND  BY-LAWS  OF  THE  WARREN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL 
AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

CONSTITUTION. 

Article  I  — Title.  This  Society  shall  be  styled,  "The  Warren  County  (Kv.)  Agricul- 
tural and  Mechanical  Association." 

Article  II. — Objects.  The  objects  of  this  Association  shall  be,  the  encouragement  and 
development  of  Agriculture,  including  all  that  pertains  to  the  farm,  the  garden  and  the  or- 
chard. The  improvement  of  the  Mechanic  trades,  embracing  domestic  manufactures.  The 
introduction  and  culture  of  superior  breeds  of  useful  animals;  and  the  advancement  of  popular 
intelligence  on  all  these  subjects. 

Article  III. — Methods.  The  methods  for  the  accomplishment  of  these  objects,  by  this 
Association,  shall  be:  1.  Fairs,  for  the  exhibition  and  sale  of  such  products  of  the  industry 
of  the  country,  as  shall  occupy  the  attention  of  the  Society.  2.  By  the  periodical  award  of 
premiums  to  such,  as  upon  fair  and  public  competition,  shall  appear  worthy  to  receive  them. 
3.  By  the  dissemination  of  useful  knowledge  upon  the  subjects  that  receive  our  attention,  and 
the  award  of  prizes,  to  such  original  Essays,  on  subjects  connected  with  any  department  of  the 
Society's  labors,  as  shall  be  judged  worthy  of  such  distinction. 

Article  IV. — Membership.  Regular  membership  in  this  Association,  shall  be  obtained  by 
the  payment  of  five  dollars  per  year,  for  five  years,  (commencing  with  the  payment  of  the  first 
installment.)  Life  membership  by  the  payment  of  twenty  Jive  dollars  at  one  time — and  honora- 
ry membership  by  the  vote  of  the  Association,  or  the  unanimous  vote  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors. Provided,  however,  that  membership,  with  its  privileges  and  responsibilities,  shall  cease 
on  death  or  removal  from  the  State. 

Article  V. — Meetings.  There  shall' be  an  annual  meeting  ot  the  Association  on  the  fourth 
Monday  of  May,  next;  and  annually  thereafter,  at  the  same  period  of  the  same  month.  Called 
meetings  may  be  held  by  the  order,  or  at  the  call  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  upon  due  public 
notice;  and  for  reasonable  and  specific  objects.  At  the  annual  meetings,  the  power  of  the  As- 
sociation over  all  its  affairs,  shall  be  absolute.  At  called  meetings,  nothing  shall  be  done,  ex- 
cept what  was  specified  in  the  call. 

Article  VI — Management.  The  entire  management  of  the  affairs  of  the  Association,  (ex- 
cept during  the  meetings  of  the  Association  itself,)  shall  be  confided  to  a  Board  of  twelve  Di- 
rectors— seven  of  these  are  to  be  directly  elected,  at  each   annual  meeting,  by  the  members  of 


206  REPORT  OF  THE 

the  Association.  The  remaining  five  are  to  be  Directors,  in  virtue  of  their  being  officers  of 
the  Society,  as  hereinafter  provided  for.  The  Board  of  Directors  shall  have  power  to  fill  any 
vacancies  that  may  occur  between  two  annual  meetings,  and  shall  hold  their  office  until  succes- 
sors are  appointed. 

Article  VII.  — Officers.  The  members  of  the  Association  shall,  at  their  annual  meetings, 
elect  from  among  themselves,  a  President,  two  Vice  Presidents,  a  Secretary  and  Treasurer; 
each  to  serve  until  his  successor  is  appointed.  They  shall  be  ex-officio,  members  and  officers 
of  the  Board  of  Directors;  and  shall  discharge  the  duties  incident  to  their  offices,  and  such 
others  as  shall  be  assigned  them  by  the  Society  and  the  Board  of  Directors.  Any  vacan- 
cies in  these  offices  shall  be  filled  by  the  Board. 

Article  VIII. — Exhibitions.  Every  member  of  the  Association  shall  have  the  right, 
without  the  additional  contribution  of  money,  to  compete  at  all  Fairs  and  Exhibitions  of  the 
Association,  with  articles  of  which  he  may  be  real  owner.  Others,  not  members,  may  only 
have  this  privilege  upon  payment  of  such  sum  as  the  Board  of  Directors  may  appoint,  the 
amount  being  previously  announced  in  their  Fair  bills.  No  one  but  the  real  owner  shall  ex 
hibit  any  thing  for  competition.  The  Fairs  shall  be  held  in  or  near  the  town  of  Bowling- 
green,  and  be  under  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

Article  IX. — Award  of  Prizes.  At  all  the  Fairs  and  Exhibitions  of  this  Association, 
the  premiums  and  prizes  shall  be  awarded  by  committees  or  judges,  appointed  by  the  Board 
of  Directors.  They  shall  be  given  for  such  articles  only,  as  shall  have  been  sufficiently  pub- 
lished beforehand,  as  admissable  to  competition.     The  award  of  the  committee  shall  be  final. 

Article  X — By  L\ws.  The  Boird  of  Directors  shill  hive  power  to  make  aay  By-Liwsfor 
the  regulation  of  the  business  of  the  Association,  and  to  form  any  general  regulations  for 
the  exhibition  of  Fairs,  they  may  deem  to  be  necessary,  not  inconsistent  with  the  Constitu 
tion. 

Article  XI. — Fairs.  1.  There  shall  be  held  by  this  Association,  one  regular  annual  Fair, 
the  expenses  of  which  shall  be  defrayed  out  of  the  regular  fund  of  the  Association.  2.  Oc- 
casional Fairs  may  be  held,  at  the  option  and  under  the  management  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors, provided  the  expenses  be  provided  for  without  touching  the  regular  fund  of  the  Associa- 
tion. 

Article  XII. — Chance  of  Constitution.  This  Constitution  may  be  changed,  altered  or 
amended,  only  at  an  annual  meeting,  by  a  vote  of  two  thirds  of  the  members  present. 

BY-LAWS. 

Quorums.  At  an  annual  meeting,  the  members  present,  shall  be  a  quorum  of  the  Associa- 
tion for  business.  At  a  called  meeting,  at  least  twenty  members  must  be  present  to  do  busi- 
ness.    At  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Directors  Jive  shall  be  necessary  to  transact  business. 

President.  The  President  of  the  Association  shall  preside,  when  present,  at  all  meetings 
of  the  Board  and  of  the  Association.  In  his  absence,  the  Vice  Presidents,  in  the  order  of 
their  appointment,  shall  preside.  In  the  absence  of  all  these  officers,  any  member  of  the  As- 
sociation may  be  called  to  preside  at  its  meetings,  and  any  member  of  the  Board  at  its  sit- 
tings. 

Secretary.  1.  The  Secretary  shall  keep  an  accurate  record  of  the  proceedings  of  the  As- 
sociation, at  its  annual  and  its  called  meetings;  as  also  of  those  of  the  Board  of  Directors, 
and  shall,  upon  request  of  the  Board  or  its  presiding  officer,  furnish  copies  of  any  portion 
thereof. 

2.  All  the  records,  documents,  reports  and  other  papers  of  the  Association,  except  such  as 
pertain  to  the  office  of  Treasurer,  shall  be  securely  kept  by  him;  and  shall  at  all  times  be 
open  to  the  inspection  of  aDy  member  of  the  B^ard  of  Directors. 

3.  He  shall  register  jn  a  book  to  be  kept  for  the  purpose,  the  name  of  every  member  of 
the  Association. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  207 

4.  He  shall  give  timely  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  all  meetings  of  the  Association, 
and  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

5.  He  shall,  at  every  Fair,  enroll  the  name,  under  its  appropriate  department,  of  every  per- 
son competing  for  a  premium;  and  the  article  exhibited  therefor;  and  in  the  same  book,  shall 
record  the  decision  of  the  judges. 

6.  He  may  be  removed  at  any  time,  by  a  vote  of  a  majority  of  the  whole  Board. 

7.  He  shall  deliver  to  his  successor,  all  the  records,  documents  and  other  property  of  the 
Association  in  his  possession. 

8.  He  shall  receive  for  his  services  such  remuneration  as  the  Board  of  Directors  shall 
judge  to  be  proper. 

9.  He  shall  collect  all  moneys  due  the  Association,  and  pay  them  over  to  the  Treasurer, 
taking  his  receipt  therefor. 

Treasurer.  I.  All  the  money  of  the  Association  shall  be  committed  to  his  safe  keeping, 
and  shall  be  paid  out  and  accounted  for  according  to  the  order  of  the  Boar  i. 

2.  He  shall  keep  an  accurate  account  of  all  receipts  and  disbursements,  and  shall,  at  least 
once  a  year,  and  oftener  if  required,  settle  his  accounts  with  the  Board.  This  settlement  to 
be  submitted  to  the  Board  at  its  annual  meetings 

3.  He  shall  deliver  to  his  successor  in  office,  all  the  books,  moneys  and  papers  of  the  As- 
sociation in  his  possession.  He  may  be  removed  at  any  time  by  vote  of  a  majority  of  the 
whole  Board. 

4.  He  shall  receive  such  remuneration  for  his  services  as  the  Board  may  judge  to  be 
proper. 

General  Regulations.  1.  No  member  shall  withdraw  his  membership,  short  of  the  five 
years,  except  by  consent  of  the  Board;  and  no  one  in  arrears  with  his  annual  subscription 
shall  compete  for  a  premium. 

2.  The  Board  may  expel  any  member  from  the  Association  for  rude,  disorderly  or  ungen- 
tlemanly  behavior,  at  any  of  the  Fairs  or  Meetings  of  the  Association. 

3.  Intoxicating  drinks  shall  not  be  sold  or  drank  upon  the  grounds  of  the  Fair,  during  ex- 
hibitions. 

4.  The  Board  shall  appoint  such  subordinate  officers  as,  in  its  judgment,  may  be  needed 
to  preserve  order  during  a  Fair. 

5.  Every  article  or  animal  upon  the  grounds  of  the  Fair,  shall,  during  the  continuance  of 
exhibition,  be  under  the  control  of  the  Board. 

6.  No  loose  or  unbroke  animal  shall  be  admitted  into,  or  remain  upon  the  open  grounds  of 
the  Fair,  during  the  exhibition,  except  by  consent  of  the  Board. 

7.  Nothing  shall  be  admitted  to  compete,  unless  the  intention  or  wish  to  do  so  be  made 
known  to  the   Secretary  by  nine  o'clock,  A.  M.,  of  the  day  of  its  exhibition. 

8.  No  animal  that  has  taken  a  premium  from  this  Association,  after  its  maturity,  and  no 
inanimate  article  that  has  once  taken  a  premium,  shall  afterwards  compete  for   one. 

9.  When  but  a  single  article  is  exhibited  for  prizes,  under  any  one  of  our  classifications,  no 
premuium  shall  be  awarded  unless  the  judges  shall  be  of  opinion  that  such  article  is  posssess- 
ed  of  such  marked  excellence  as  to  deserve  the  distinction. 

10.  Pedigrees,  with  the  names  and  ages  of  animals  exhibited  for  premiums  if  used  at  all, 
must  be  handed  to  the  Secretary  before  the  exhibition,  but  shall  not  be  made  known  to  oth- 
ers until  after  the  award. 

11.  No  one  shall  act  as  judge,  if  related  to  the  parties  exhibiting. 

12.  Judges  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Board,  at  least  two  months  previous  to  the  Fair,  and 
notified  of  their  appointment  by  the  Secretary. 

13-  The  decision  of  the  judges  shall  be  announced,  when  made,  by  affixing  to  the  article 
successfully  competing,  a  bow  of  blue  ribbon,  and  by  proclamation. 

14.  The  Board  shall  annually  appoint  some  person  to  deliver,  during  the  Fair,  an  address, 
connected  with  the  objects  of  the  Association. 


208  REPORT  OF  THE 

15.  Articles  exhibited  for  premiums,  must  be  exhibited  by  numbers,  of  which  the  Secretary 
shall  keep  a  register. 

16.  The  owner  of  stock  shall  hand  to  the  groom  a  memorandum  of  the  age  the  animal  to 
be  exhibited,  to  be  by  him  presented  to  the  judges  when  the  exhibition  is  to  be  mide. 

17.  The  President  shall,  immediately  after  each  Fair,  make  a  report  to  the  Board  of  all 
premiums  awarded,  to  be  by  them  published,  if  deemed    expedient. 

18.  Members  of  the  Association  shall  have  the  privilege  of  entering  the  Fair  Grounds  at 
all  exhibitions,  without  the  payment  of  admittance  fees.  The  evidence  of  this  right  to  gate- 
keepers shall  be  the  ticket  of  the  Secretary.  This  privilege,  however,  shall  not  be  enjoyed 
if  the  member  be  in  arrears  to  the  Association. 

V.i.  Persons  not  members,  shall  be  charged  for  competing  for  premiums  as  follows: 

For  a  premium  of  $5  and  less, $2  00 

For  a  premium  of  over  $5, 5  00 

20.  All  premiums  of  five  dollars  and  upwards  shall  be  paid  in  plate.  All  under  five  dollars, 
in  gold  coin,  or  the  articles  specified  in  the  bill. 

21.  All  indications  of  ownership  are  to  be  rigidly  excluded  from  articles  competing  for  pre- 
miums. 

22.  Sales  at  auction,  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  may  desire  to  dispose  of  their  articles  or 
stock,  will  be  made  daily  at  the  amphitheatre,  during  the  recess  for  dinner.  Those  wishing 
an  auctioneer,  will  make  it  known  to  the  Secretary. 

23.  Competition  at  our  Fairs  shall  be  open  to  all  the  world . 


TRANSACTIONS 


OF   THE 


KENTUCKY  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY, 

FOR  1857. 


\ 

THE  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  IN  1857. 


Though,  in  consequence  of  the  great  drouth  in  1856,  that  year  was 
one  of  short  crops  and  small  profits  to  farmers,  and  though  the  winter 
of  1856-7  was  one  of  great  severity,  and  though  at  the  annual  meet- 
ing there  was  no  Legislature  in  session  to  attract  persons  to  the  capi- 
tal, still  the  attendance  of  members  of  the  society  was  such  as  to  de- 
clare that  a  deep  interest  was  still  taken  in  its  operation  and  future 
success. 

Many  gentlemen  of  intelligence,  wealth,  and  high  character,  were 
present  from  various  portions  of  the  State,  and  renewing  their  mem- 
bership took  active  and  interested  participation  in  the  proceedings  of 
the  society.  All  of  its  deliberations  were  conducted  with  the  utmost 
order  and  decorum,  all  the  proceedings  were  pleasant  and  harmonious, 
and  all  seemed  united  for  the  promotion  of  the  greatest  interests  of  a 
common  country.  It  was  at  once  a  happy  occasion  for  the  obliteration 
of  past  animosities,  for  the  formation  of  future  acquaintance,  and  for 
the  re-union  of  long  tried  friends.  When  the  vote  for  final  adjourn- 
ment was  taken,  it  was  not  without  regret  from  many  that  a  separation 
should  come  so  soon. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  "Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society" 
convened  at  Frankfort  on  Wednesday,  January  14th,  1857,  organizing 
at  the  State  Capitol,  in  the  Representatives'  Hall.  At  10  o'clock,  a.  m., 
Brutus  J.  Clay,  Esu.,  President,  took  the  chair,  and  proceeded  to  ad- 
dress the  society  as  follows : 

14  (209) 


210  REPORT  OF  THE 

PRESIDENT  CLAY'S  ADDRESS. 

Gentlemen:  I  congratulate  you  upon  again  meeting  you  at  Frankfort,  the  Capital  of  the 
State,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  officers  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  to  serve 
the  ensuing  year,  as  provided  for  in  the  charter  establishing  said  Society.  This  is  an  institu- 
tion which  it  is  most  peculiarly  the  duty  of  the  farmer  and  mechanic  to  cherish  and  support, to 
build  up  and  sustain.  As  the  Society  is  not  yet  placed  upon  a  firm  and  permanent  basis,  I 
had  hoped  there  would  have  been  a  very  large  attendance  upon  this  occasion — an  occasion  so 
important  to  the  larming  interest  of  the  State.  For,  it  must  be  remembered,  that  the  appro- 
priation made  by  the  last  Legislature  will  expire  with  the  present  year,  and  for  the  purpose 
•  of  procuring  additional  appropriations  for'  iuture  years,  it  is  necessary  for  those  for  whose  spe- 
cial benefit  this  Society  was  established  to  take  a  lively  part  in  its  proceedings,  and  manifest 
to  the  people  the  deep  and  abiding  interest  they  have  in  its  continuance.  From  my  experience 
in  these  matters,  which  is  not  a  little,  I  regard  it  as  perfectly  futile  to  attempt  to  keep  up  this 
Association  without  Legislative  aid.  Its  migratory  character  will  prevent  a  great  many  from 
becoming  permanent  members.  Its  exhibitions  will  be  held  at  distant  and  remote  parts  of 
the  State — too  far  for  many  to  attend — and  as  many  will  withdraw  their  names  in  consequence 
thereof,  necessarily  it  will  depend  upon  those  near  by  for  aid  and  support,  which  is  a  condition 
too  precarious  and  uncertain  for  its  friends  to  embark  in  with  confidence  of  its  stability  and 
success. 

It  does  seem  to  me,  gentlemen,  that  the  example  set  us,  from  the  days  of  Washington  to 
the  present  time,  ought  to  be  sufficient  to  convince  the  most  skeptical  of  the  great  advantages 
to  be  derived  from  such  associations.  In  our  early  history  there  was  formed  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  an  association  for  the  purpose  of  aiding  agriculture  and  increasing  the  agricul- 
tural productions  of  the  United  States,  by  the  very  patriots  of  the  Revolution.  The  Colonies 
at  that  time,  (now  the  United  States,)  with  a  population  of  three  millions  of  people,  had  just 
emerged  Irom  a  seven  years'  war  with  one  of  the  most  powerful  nations  of  the  world—  Great 
Britain — with  a  population  of  over  thirty  millions.  After  a  successful  struggle,  peace  was 
made  in  I7r3.  Notwithstanding  the  finances  of  the  country  were  exhausted,  and  individual 
fortunes  wrecked  and  nearly  destroyed  by  the  constant  drain  for  money  to  carry  on  that  glori. 
ous  struggle  for  independence,  yet  these  brave  men,  who  had  fought  the  battles  of  our  inde- 
pendence, not  leaving  it  to  individual  enterprise,  but  again  in  two  years  banded  themselves 
together  that  their  united  means  and  efforts  might  serve  the  country,  and  add  to  its  revenues 
by  increasing  its  agricultural  productions.  This  association  was  formed  in  February,  1785, 
and  elected  for  its  President  Samuel  Powell,  of  Philadelphia,  who  retained  his  position  for 
nearly  twenty  years,  until  his  death,  when  a  successor  was  elected.  Enrolled  among  its  mem- 
bers were  the  names  of  Thomas  Mifflin,  George  Clymer,  Wm  Rush,  Humphrey  Marshall, 
Benjamin  Franklin,  Robirt  Morris,  Thomas  Fitzsimons,  James  Wilson,  Geo.  Washington,  and 
Nathaniel  Greene,  and  many  other  names  which  adorn  the  pages  of  history.  The  association 
offered  gold  and  silver  medals  as  a  reward  of  merit  for  the  best  treatise  based  upon  experi- 
ments of  rotation  of  crops,  so  as  to  improve  instead  of  exhausting  the  soil;  the  best  plan  to 
recover  old  worn  out  fields  within  the  reach  of  the  common  farmer;  the  best  plan  to  cultivate 
the  various  crops  so  as  to  produce  the  greatest  yield  per  acre,  such  as  Indian  corn,  wheat,  rye, 
oats,  &.c,  as  well  as  the  best  domestic  animals  for  the  use  of  the  farmer.  Again,  we  see  the 
United  States,  through  one  of  the  departments  of  Government,  the  Patent  Office,  making  large 
yearly  appropriations  for  the  purchase  of  various  cuttings  and  seeds  of  plants,  and  cereals 
from  foreign  countries,  as  well  as  from  distant  parts  of  our  own,  for  general  distribution,  to 
ascertaiu  in  what  locality  the  climate  and  soil  will  suit  each,  and  produce  the  best  return  for 
the  labor  of  the  farmer.  But,  gentlemen,  the  operations  of  the  Patent  Office  Department  are 
slow  and  tedious,  and  extend  over  so  vast  a  region,  with  various  and  different  soils  and  climates, 
that  even  with  an  equitable  distribution,  but  small  must  be  the  benefit  to  accrue  to  Kentucky. 
It  is  therefore  necessary  we  should  put  our  own  shoulders  to  the  wheel — attend  to  our  own  im- 
mediate business — make  our  own  experiments  upon  our  own   soil,  upon  a  much  larger  scale 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  211 

than  we  can  possibly  suppose  the  General  Government  will  ever  do  for  us,  if  we  expect  Ken- 
tucky to  take  her  position  in  the  first  rank  of  the  great  agricultural  States  of  this  Union. 

Then  there  is  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society,  headed  by  a  noble  son  of  Massachu- 
setts, holding  on  this  very  day  in  the  city  of  Washington  its  annual  meeting,  which  is  dispens- 
ing blessings  through  the  Northern  States  by  holding  its  annual  exhibitions,  and  offering 
rewards  for  the  improvement  of  agriculture,  and  raising  of  better  breeds  of  domestic  animals. 
Indeed,  all,  or  nearly  all,  of  the  New  England  States  have  their  State  Agricultural  Societies, 
and  Massachusetts  in  particular,  which  has  more  wealth,  per  capita,  than  any  State  in  the 
Union — hasher  Board  of  Agriculture  as  a  part  and  parcel  of  her  government,  by  which  her 
Legislature  collects  and  publishes  for  the  benefit  of  her  citizens  all  statistics  and  other  matter 
appertaining  to  agriculture;  notwithstanding  a  large  portion  of  her  citizens  are  engaged  in 
manufactures  and  commerce,  and  probably  send  forth  upon  the  broad  ocean  more  ships  and 
sailors  for  the  fisheries  than  any  State  in  the  Union.  Then  there  is  New  York,  the  largest 
State  in  the  confederacy,  now  numbering  three  millions  four  hundred  and  seventy  thousand 
souls,  more  than  all  the  Colonies  united  during  the  Revolutionary  struggle.  Within  her  bor- 
ders lies  the  great  city  of  New  York,  the  emporium  of  America,  having  one  of  the  finest  har- 
bors in  the  world,  and  engaged  largely  in  commerce  and  manufactures.  Yet  her  Legislature 
has  done  more  to  foster  and  encourage  the  great  interest  of  agriculture  within  her  limits  than 
any  State  in  the  Union.  She  has  probably  the  oldest  agricultural  society  among  the  States,  and 
has  not  only  liberally  endowed  that  institution,  but  has  gone  one  step  farther — she  has  recently 
erected  in  the  city  of  Albany  a  large  and  spacious  geological  and  agricultural  hall,  at  a  cost 
of  $40,000,  and  has  appropriated  &U),0d0  more  lor  a  farm  and  agricultural  college. 

These  facts,  itseems  to  me,  ought  to  convince  every  Kentuckian  of  the  propriety  of  sustain- 
ing this  association.  Now  let  us  come  a  little  nearer  home  :  Here  is  the  State  of  Ohio  on  our 
northern  border;  she  is  a  junior  member  of  this  confederacy,  by  ten  years,  than  Kentucky. 
Admitted  into  the  Union  in  1802,  she  has  now  a  population  of  2,215,750,  and  her  property  is 
worth  $860, 877, 354,  according  to  the  annual  report  of  the  Stcretary  of  the  Treasury.  Ken- 
tucky has  a  population  of  1,086,587,  and  her  property  is  valued  at  $411,000,198.  It  will  thus 
be  seen  that  Ohio  has  double  the  population  and  wealth  of  Kentucky,  and  is  yet  ten  years  the 
younger  State.  She  has  her  County  and  State  Societies — one  as  an  auxiliary  to  the  other,  and 
all  handsomely  endowed  out  of  the  public  treasury.  She  likewise  hasher  Agricultural  Col- 
lege now  in  successful  operation  in  the  city  of  Cleveland;  thereby  giving  an  impetus  to  agri- 
culture by  offeiing  a  collegiate  education  to  the  young  farmer  suitable  to  his  calling. 

The  States  of  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan,  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and  Missouri  are  all  making 
rapid  strides  in  husbandry,  and  all  have  State  Agricultural  Societies.  Even  the  old  States  of 
Virgiuia  and  South  Carolina,  suffering  through  bad  culture  until  large  tracts  of  country  have 
become  barren  and  wastes,  and  a  large  portion  of  their  citizens  have  emigrated  to  fill  up  the 
new  States  West,  are  at  last  awakened  up  from  their  long  sleep,  and  their  neglect  of  proper 
encouragement  to  the  husbandman,  and  are  now  engaged  in  forming  Agricultural  Societies 
with  ample  means  to  stimulate  the  tiller  of  the  soil  to  regain,  by  good  management,  that  which 
they  have  lost,  by  bad.  Last,  though  not  least,  California,  but  a  few  years  a  member  of  *he 
Union,  held  her  State  Fair  at  San  Jose  last  fall,  and  it  is  said  the  exhibition  would  have  been 
creditable  to  any  of  the  older  States. 

What  now  is  the  position  of  Kentucky  ?  She  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1712  as  a  sov- 
ereign and  independent  State,  thereby  dissolving  the  ties  that  botiud  her  to  her  old  mother, 
Virginia,  and  taking  the  reins  of  government  in  her  own  hands.  It  has  now  been  a  space  of 
sixty  four  years  without  a  State  Agricultural  Society  aided  by  her  government,  or  any  legisla- 
tive act  for  the  protection  and  encouragement  of  agricultuie,  that  I  am  aware  of.  This  fact 
published  to  the  world,  will  it  not  make  your  cheek  tinge  with  shame,  and  humbie  a  little  your 
Kentucky  pride?  I  would  not  now  mention  it,  if  I  were  not  speaking  to  Keutuckians.  Ken- 
tucky has  advanced  in  power  and  wealth,  it  is  true;  but  not  with  those  rapid  strides  which 
those  sisters  lying  North  of  us  have.  There  must  be  a  cause  for  this.  Are  her  people  less  en- 
ergetic or  enterprising?     Is  her  soil  les3  fertile  than  theirs?     No,  sirs;  no.     There  are  advan- 


212  REPORT  OF  THE 

tages  which  they  have  that  do  not  belong  to  Kentucky.  If  you  will  cast  your  eye  over  the 
map  of  the  United  States,  you  will  see  that  we  are  bounded  on  the  north,  east,  south  and 
south  west  by  a  tier  of  States  either  extending  to  the  Great  Lakes,  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  or  the 
Gulf  of  Mexico;  thereby  giving  the  advantages  of  foreign  commerce,  and  of  manufaciures,  its 
twin  sister.  Those  on  the  Lakes  seeking  an  outlet  through  the  VVelland  Canal  and  the  St. 
Lawrence  river  to  the  broad  ocean.  A  ship  may  load  at  Chicago  and  deliver  her  cargo  at  Lon- 
don or  Liverpool.  They  likewise  have  the  inland  carrying  trade  from  the  E.ist,  the  great 
centre  of  commerce,  to  the  far  Western  States,  enriching  themselves  by  the  tolls  upon  their 
Canals  and  railroads.  This  Kentucky  is  cut  off  from  competing  for  by  the  great  barriers  on 
her  Eastern  borders,  the  Allegheny  Mountains  Kentucky,  then,  from  her  isolated  position, 
Is  more  peculiarly  an  agricultural  State  than  any  in  the  Union.  She  can  have  no  ships,  no 
Bailors,  no  commerce,  having  no  bays  or  harbors  for  the  purpose.  What,  then,  must  she  do  to 
employ  and  give  sustenance  to  the  million  of  inhabitants  she  now  has  within  her  borders? 
She  must  pursue  Agriculture,  and  agriculture  alone.  History  teaches  us  that  a  fertile  soil  well 
Cultivated  is  far  preferable  to  mike  a  people  wealthy  and  happy,  to  gold  and  silver  mines  with 
a  barren  soil.  Then,  gentlemen,  we  have  the  elements  of  prosperity — we  have  a  rich  and  fer- 
tile soil,  probably  as  good  as  (Jod  ever  gave.  Let  us  direct  our  energies  in  the  right  way — 
let  as  foster  and  sustain  this  Society  and  kindred  associations.  Let  me  entreat  you  to  redouble 
your  exertions;  talk  one  to  another;  convince  the  farmers  of  this  Commonwealth  that  tilling 
the  soil  is  an  honorable  occupation,  and  the  true  road  to  wealth  and  happiness,  and  I  will  guar- 
tee  they  will  send  members  to  the  next  Legislature  willing  to  pass  acts  for  the  encouragement 
and  protection  of  the  great  interest  of  Kentucky. 

From  the  benefit,  resulting  from  our  local  and  county  societies,  we  have  improved  our  stock 
to  such  an  extent,  that  we  stand  in  the  first  rank  of  .States  in  that  respect;  as  a  proof  of  which 
I  will  refer  you  to  the  written  reports  published  through  the  northern  papers  of  delegates  from 
various  associations  from  the  E  ist  to  ours,  in  which  they  say,  the  State  Exhibition  at  Paris 
last  fall,  was  the  finest  exhibiti  n  of  cattle  ever  had  in  the  United  States,  and  as  good  as  any 
ever  held  in  England,  judging  from  the  information  of  those  who  have  attended  like  exhibi- 
tions in  that  country.  These  delegates  are  themselves  breeders  of  fine  cattle,  and  if  they 
have  any  prejudice  at  all,  it  must  be  against  this  admission,  and  as  to  other  fine  stock,  it  is 
universally  admitted  to  have  been  very  superior.  It  is  necessary  for  the  interest  of  Ken- 
tucky that  she  should  maintain  the  high  stand  she  now  occupies.  We  have  a  vast  trade  in 
all  kinds  of  live  stock,  at  nigh  prices.  In  the  great  West,  there  is  a  vast  region  to  be  filled 
up  with  people,  and  be  supplied  with  every  description  of  stock  for  a  long  time  to  come. 
Many  States  are  competing  with  us  for  this  trade.  Kentucky  must  retain  it,  and  by  doing  so 
will  add  vrstly  to  the  wealth  of  her  citizens.  We  must  have  annual  State  Exhibitions,  so  as 
to  bring  our  fine  stock  prominently  before  the  country,  and  add  a  stimulus  to  those  engaged 
In  rearing  it,  by  giving  handsome  premiums  at  our  Fairs.  I  take  for  granted  that  whatever 
adds  to  individual  wealth  adds  to  the  aggregate  wealth  of  the  State — heuce  all  are  benefitted. 
We  have  a  State  government  with  ramifications.  We  have  a  certain  amount  of  money  to 
raise  to  support  that  government  The  usual  mode  is  to  levy  a  certain  per  cent,  upon  the 
whole  to  raise  the  amount  required,  and  it  follows,  as  a  matter  of  course,  that  if  the  aggre- 
gate wealth  is  greater  our  taxation  is  less,  and  if  the  wealth  of  the  State  is  small,  then  our 
taxes  must  be  increased  ;  so  we  see  each  is  benefitted,  no  matter  whether  he  be  rich  or  poor. 

A  few  woids  more  in  regard  to  the  finances  of  the  Society,  and  I  am  done.  The  receipts 
Into  the  treasury,  fiorn  al!  sources,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  Treasurer's  report,  which  will  be 
presented  to  you  presently,  are  over  $11,000.  '1  he  expendituies  are  very  nearly  the  same 
amount.  There  are  probably  a  few  outstanding  claims  unliquidated,  for  stationery,  &c,  but 
we  have  plate  on  hand  which  was  not  distributed  at  our  Fair  as  premiums,  as  was  intended, 
In  some  iustances  money  being  given  instead,  and  some  other  property,  whose  value  is  proba- 
bly equal  to  all  outstanding  debts.  We  may  therefore  conclude  we  are  not  in  dtbt.  The 
annual  income  of  the  Society  is  to  be  guessed  at,  to  a  great  extent,  and  the  officers  are  unablo 
to  determine,  with  anything  like  precision,  to  what  extent  they  may  carry  their  cxptiidituies, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  213 

bo  as  to  be  met  by  their  receipts.  The  officers  of  the  Society  were  anxious  to  make  as  large 
and  ample  accommodation  for  their  exhibition  as  their  limited  means  would  allow,  to  meet 
the  just  expectations  of  the  community.  We  were  therefore  compelled  to  make  quite  large 
improvements  in  the  groundi  of  the  Bourbon  Society,  which  had  been  so  kind  as  to  offer  her 
grounds  and  fixtures  free  of  cost.  Upon  examination  we  deemed  it  necessary  to  make  the 
improvement  we  did  to  accommodate  the  crowd,  which  we  expected  to  be  much  larger  thaa 
had  been  in  the  habit  of  attending  the  Exhibitions  of  that  Association.  We,  however,  sold 
to  that  Society,  after  our  Exhibition,  all  the  improvements  we  put  upon  the  grounds,  at  a 
price  we  deemed  reasonable  and  light. 

In  conclusion,  gentlemen,  let  me  urge  upon  you  the  importance  in  selecting  your  officers  for 
the  next  year,  Of  putting  in  working  men — those  who  are  not  only  capable  but  willing  to  spend 
a  little  of  their  time,  and  money  too,  for  the  general  good. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  President's  address,  the  Recording  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer  being  absent,  A.  G.  Hodges  and  P.  Swigert  were 
appointed  to  fill  their  places  temporarily. 

Mr.  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
unanimously  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Association  be  tendered  the  Presi- 
dent for  the  able  and  eloquent  address  delivered  this  morning,  and 
that  a  copy  be  furnished  by  him  to  the  Secretary  for  publication. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Scott,  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Society,  made 
a  report,  which  was,  on  motion,  received  and  ordered  to  be  spread 
upon  the  minutes,  and  the  thanks  of  the  Society  tendered  him  for  the 
faithful  manner  in  which  he  has  discharged  the  duties  of  Correspond- 
ing Secretary  during  the  past  year.  [CCP  This  paper  may  be  found, 
entire,  on  pages  66,  67,  68  and  69  of  this  report.] 

Mr.  Moore,  of  Jefferson,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  Charles  S.  Brent,  Win.  G.  Talbott,  and  R.  W.  Scott 
be  appointed  a  Committee  to  audit  accounts  of  the  Treasurer  of  this 
Society,  and  report  to  the  next  Board  of  Directors,  and  that  the  report 
be  published,  in  full,  in  the  Farm  Journal. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  O'Bannon,  of  Jefferson,  the  Society  then  proceeded 
to  the  election  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  when  the  following 
gentlemen  were  elected,  viz  : 

President — Brutus  J.  Clay. 

Vice  Presidents — R.  A.  Alexander,  of  First  District;  J.  A.  Tomlin- 
son,  of  Second  District;  A.  J.  Anderson,  of  Third  District. 

Directors — L.  J.  Bradford,  of  First  District  ;  Lucius  Desha,  of  First 
District  ;  Harrison  Thompson,  of  First  District ;  D.  W.  Jones,  of  Se- 
cond District;  J.  R.  Hughes,  of  Second  District;  Joseph  A.  Moore,  of 
Second  District;  John  M.  Sharp,  of  Third  District;  Wm.  S.  Elam,  of 
Third  District;  C.  II.  Powell,  of  Third  District. 

Mr.  B.  Gratz,  of  Lexington,  moved  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted,  viz  : 


214  REPORT  OF  THE 

Resolved,  That  the  annual  members  be  requested  to  pay  their  dues 
to  the  Treasurer  by  the  first  Monday  in  May  of  each  year. 

Mr.  Moore,  of  Jefferson,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  delegates  from  all  County  Agricultural  and  Mechan- 
ical Societies  in  Kentucky,  be  requested  to  meet  in  Frankfort,  on  the 
first  Tuesday  in  March  next,  to  harmonize  and  fix  the  time  for  holding 
the  Fairs  of  the  respective  Societies. 

Mr.  Mallory,  of  Jefferson,  offered  the  following  resolutions,  which 
were  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  the  President  and  Board  of  Directors  enquire  into 
the  propriety  of  offering  as  premiums  copies  of  "  The  Farm  Journal,1'' 
to  as  great  an  extent  as  they  may  deem  it  expedient. 

Resolved,  That  the  Directors  of  each  of  the  County  Agricultural  and 
Mechanical  Societies  in  Kentucky,  are  hereby  recommended    and   re- 
quested to  offer   copies  of  "  The  Western    Farm  Journal,"  (the  organ  of 
this  Society,)  as  premiums,  at  their  respective  Fairs. 

Capt.  John  Cunningham,  of  Bourbon,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  unanimousiy  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Society  are  due  to,  and  are  hereby 
tendered  Gov.  Morehead,  for  the  very  able  address  delivered  by  him 
at  its  first  Annual  Fair,  at  Paris,  Ky. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted,  viz  : 

Resolved,  That  the  respective  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical 
Societies  in  Kentucky,  are  hereby  requested  to  cause  to  be  delivered, 
at  each  of  their  respective  Fail's  in  the  ensuing  year,  a  public  address 
in  favor  of  Legislative  aid  to  agriculture,  and  especially  in  aid  of  the 
Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society. 

The  Society  then  adjourned. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS,  FOR  1857. 

The  gentlemen  who  composed  the  Board  for  1856  having  discharg- 
ed their  arduous  duties  with  fidelity  and  ability,  it  was  thought  best 
by  the  Society  to  avail  themselves  of  their  experience  by  re-electing 
a  majority  of  them  for  1858,  and  all  of  the  officers  which  were  elected 
accepted  the  positions  to  which  they  were  invited. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  215 

Such  of  their  proceedings  as  may  be  of  interest  to  the  members  of 
the  Society,  or  to  others,  is  given  herewith. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  President  and  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State 
Agricultural  Society  at  the  Capital  Hotel,  on  the  evening  of  the  14th 
January  at  7  o'clock,  the  following  gentlemen  were  present,  viz: 

B.  J.  Clay,  President;  J.  A.  Toinlinson,  Vice  President;  Lucius 
Desha,  J.  A.  Moore,  D.  W.  Jones,  C.  H.  Powell,  Directors. 

The  President  announced  that  there  was  a  quorum  present,  and  that 
the  first  business  before  the  Board  was  the  election  of  a  Corresponding 
Secretary,  Recording  Secretary,  and  a  Treasurer. 

R.  W   Scott,  of  Franklin,  was  re-elected   Corresponding  Secretary. 

T.  P.  A.  Bibb,  of  Frankfort,  Recording  Secretary. 

James  W.  Tate,  of  Frankfort,  Treasurer. 

Mr.  Desha,  of  Harrison,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That  the  selection  of  the  time  and  place  of  holding  the  next 
Annual  State  Fair  be  postponed  until  the  meeting  of  this  Board  on 
the  first  Tuesday  in  March  next,  in  the  city  of  Frankfort. 

R.  W.  Scott  and  A.  G.  Hodges  were  appointed  a  committee  to  ob- 
tain the  proper  bonds  from  the  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  fur  the  faith- 
ful discharge  of  their  respective  duties;  and  that  said  committee  report 
the  bonds  to  the  next  meeting  of  this  Board  in  March 

Mr.  Desha,  of  Harrison,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted,  viz: 

Resolved,  That  this  Board  will,  as  far  as  practicable,  aid  the  publish- 
ers of  -'The  Farm  Journal,"  by  introducing  for  the  smaller  premiums 
handsomely  bound  copies  of  that  work. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned  to  meet  again  on  the  first  Tuesday 
in  March  next,  in  the  city  of  Frankfort. 


MEETING  OF  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS,  MARCH,   1857. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  President  and  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State 
Agricultural  Society,  held  in  the  Agricultural  Room  over  the  Executive 
Office  in  Frankfort,  in  accordance  with  previous  adjournment,  on  the 
3d  day  of  March,  A.  D.  1857,  the   tollowing  officers  were  present,  viz: 

Brutus  J.  Clay,  President;  Lucius  Desha,  L.  J.  Bradford,  Harrison 
Thompson,  Jos.  A.  Moore.  Daniel  W.  Jones,  John  M.  Sharp,  W.  S. 
Elam,  and  J.  R.  Hughes,  Directors,  who,  being  a  quorum,  proceeded  to 
business. 


216  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  committee  appointed  to  take  the  bonds  of  the  Treasurer  and 
Secretary,  reported  that  the  Secretary,  T.  P.  A.  Bibb,  had  executed 
bond,  with  P.  Swigert  and  R.  H.  Crittenden  as  sureties;  and  the 
Treasurer,  J.  W.  Tate,  had  given  bond,  with  G.  H.  Jett  and  W.  W. 
Hawkins  as  sureties;  which  bonds  had  been  delivered  to  the  President 
of  the  Society. 

It  was  resolved  that  the  Vice  Presidents  are  not  members  of  the 
Board. 

All  persons  present  were  allowed  the  privilege  of  making  sugges- 
tions as  to  the  place  of  holding  the  next  Annual  Fair. 

On  ballot,  Henderson  was  selected  as  the  place,  and  the  second  Tues- 
day in  October,  1857,  as  the  time  of  holding  the  next  Annual  Fair. 

J.  G.  Hollovvay,  G.  M.  Priest,  J.  D.  Hatch,  J.  J.  Towles,  and  W.  A. 
Towles,  were  appointed  a  committee  to  superintend  the  erection  of  all 
appropriate  buildings  on  the  Fair  Grounds  of  the  Henderson,  Hopkins 
and  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association — the  committee 
to  be  under  the  superintendence  of  the  President,  and  to  comply  with 
his  directions. 

The  committee  appointed  to  examine  the  Treasurer's  account,  for 
1856,  reported  that  they  had  discharged  that  duty,  and  the  same  as 
published  on  pages  63,  64,  65,  and  66  of  this  Report,  is  correct,  and 
sustained  by  all  the  proper  vouchers. 

On  motion,  Robert  W.  Scott,  T.  P.  A.  Bibb,  and  James  W.  Tate  were 
appointed  a  committee  to  ask  the  General  Assembly  to  purchase  the 
portrait  of  Daniel  Boone. 

On  the  suggestion  of  R.  W.  Scott,  the  following  preamble  and  reso- 
lution was  adopted: 

Whereas,  the  general  success  and  prosperity  of  those  engaged  in 
Agricultural  pursuits  at  the  present  day  would  be  greatly  promoted  by 
higher  intelligence  and  more  thorough  acquaintance  with  all  the 
branches  of  learning  which  relate  to  that  profession;  and,  whereas, 
many  of  the  States  of  the  Union  have  already  endowed  Agricultural 
Schools  and  Colleges,  and  have  established  Model  and  Experimental 
Farms  at  the  public  expense,  greatly  to  the  edification  and  improve- 
ment of  the  farming  population,  and  thereby  greatly  to  the  benefit  of 
the  whole  community.     Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  next  Legislature  of  Kentucky  be  and  they  are 
hereby  requested  to  take  similar  wise  and  liberal  action  on  this  sub- 
ject, and  that  we  respectfully  recommend  it  to  the  favorable  considera- 
tion of  the  people  of  Kentucky. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  J.  M.  Sharp,  it  was 

Resolved,  That  the  first  premium,  in  class  A,  one  year  old,  as  con- 
tended for  by  Mr.  W.  R.  Estill,  be  awarded  to  him  ex  gratia,  but  this 
award  is  not  to  be  taken  as  a  precedent,  or  in  any  ways  weakening  the 
rule  in  such  cases  provided. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  217 

Mr.  D.  W.  Jones  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  adopted: 
Resolved,  That  the  grateful  acknowledgments  of  this  Society  are 
hereby  tendered  to  the  Hon.  J.  J.  Crittenden,  of  the  United  States 
Senate,  for  his  kind  remembrance,  evinced  by  sending  numerous  pack- 
ages of  seeds  which  have  been  distributed  among  the  members  of  this 
Society,  and  others. 

On  the  suggestion  of  Mr.  A.  J.  Anderson,  Vice  President,  the  follow- 
ing preamble  and  resolution  was  adopted: 

Whereas,  the  wanton  destruction  of  small  birds,  of  various  kinds, 
allows  the  increase  of  numerous  insects  which  destroy  the  fruits  and 
crops  of  the  farmer;  and,  whereas,  the  killing  of  animals  and  fowls, 
known  as  game,  is  causing  the  rapid  disappearance  of  the  entire  races. 
Therefore, 

.  Resolved,  That  the  next  Legislature  of  Kentucky  be  and  is  hereby 
requested  to  pass  such  laws  as  in  their  judgment  shall  be  best  calcu- 
lated to  remedy  the  evil  complained  of. 

On  motion  of  J.  R.  Hughes,  it  was 

Resolved,  That  the  newspapers  of  Frankfort  and  other  places,  which 
have  gratuitously  published  the  notices  and  proceedings  of  this  Socie- 
ty, are  entitled  to  the  grateful  recollection  of  all  its  members. 

B.  J.  Clay,  L.  Desha,  and  R.  W.  Scott,  were  appointed  a  committee 
to  purchase  the  premiums  for  the  next  Fair. 

B.  J.  Clay,  L.  Desha,  R.  W.  Scott,  and  R.  A.  Alexander,  were  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  arrange  the  Premium  List  for  the  next  Fair, 
for  publication,  and  to  transact  all  business  necessary  to  carry  on  the 
Fair  of  the  Society  at  Henderson. 

The  following  committee  on  Pedigrees  of  Stock,  to  be  exhibited  at 
the  next  State  Fair  was  appointed — J.  Warren  Grigsby,  John  Cunning- 
ham, A.  G.  Bacon,  Thos.  Martin,  an  1  H.  W.  Faris. 

The  Board  then  proceeded  to  adopt  the  following  By-Laws. 

OF    THE    OFFICE    OF    PRESIDENT. 

1.  At  all  meetings  of  the  Society,  or  Board  of  Directors,  the  Presi- 
dent shall  exercise  the  usual  duties  of  that  office.  All  motions  shall 
be  addressed  to  him,  and  upon  every  vote  he  shall  declare  the  sense 
of  the  meeting,  and  in  the  event  of  a  tie,  give  the  casting  vote.  He 
shall  have  power  to  call  special  meetings  of  the  Society,  or  Board,  a 
notice  of  which  shall  be  published,  at  least  ten  days  before  the  meet- 
ing, by  the  Recording  Secretary. 

2.  In  the  absence  of  the  President,  from  any  cause,  from  any  meet- 
ing, one  of  the  Vice  Presidents  shall  take  the  chair.  If  it  so  happens 
that  the  President  and  Vice  Presidents  are  all  absent,  the  members 
shall  elect  a  President  pro  tempore. 

OF    THE    CORRESPONDING    SECRETARY. 

1.  He  shall  conduct  the  correspondence  of  the  Society,  and  keep  the 
same,  or  such  as  may  be  of  importance.     He  shall  prepare  and  super- 


218  REPORT  OF  THE 

intend  the  publication  of  Reports  of  Fairs  held,  and  also  prepare  the 
Annual  Report  to  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society,  and  shall  pre- 
pare the  Keport  to  the  biennial  General  Assembly  of  Kentucky. 

2.  He  shall  superintend  and  keep  in  order  the  Agricultural  Room  in 
Frankfort,  and  take  charge  of  all  books,  seeds,  &c,  and  specimens  to 
the  cabinet,  and  other  contributions  to  the  Society,  and  arrange  the 
same,  and  distribute  such  seeds  and  books  as  shall  be  intended  for  that 
purpose. 

THE  RECORDING  SECRETARY. 

1.  Shall  attend  the  meetings  of  the  Board  and  keep  an  accurate  re- 
cord of  the  proceedings  of  the  Board  and  of  the  Society,  and  shall, 
upon  request  of  the  Board,  or  of  the  presiding  officer,  furnish  copies 
of  any  portion  of  them. 

2.  All  the  records,  documents  and  reports,  and  other  papers  of  the 
Society,  except  such  as  belong  to  the  Corresponding  Secretary  and 
Treasurer,  shall  be  securely  kept  by  him,  and  shall  at  all  times  be 
open  to  the  inspection  of  any  member  of  the   Board. 

3.  He  shall  register  in  a  book,  to  be  kept  for  that  purpose,  the  name 
of  every  member  of  the  Society. 

4.  He  shall  give  timely  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  the  meet- 
ings of  the  Society,  and  also  of  the  Board,  whenever  called  meetings 
are  ordered. 

5.  He  shall,  at  every  Fair,  enrol,  under  its  appropriate  department, 
the  name  of  every  person  competing  for  a  premium,  and  the  kind  of 
article  exhibited  therefor,  and  shall,  in  the  same  book,  record  the  de- 
cision of  the  Judges. 

6.  He  may  be  removed  at  any  time  by  a  vote  of  a  majority  of  the 
Board. 

7.  He  shall  deliver  to  his  successor  all  the  records,  documents,  re- 
ports and  other  papers  and  property  of  the  Society  in  his  possession. 

THE    TREASURER. 

1.  All  the  money  of  the  Society  shall  be  committed  to  his  safe 
keeping,  and  all  money  due  to  the  Society  shall  be  collected  and  ac- 
counted for  by  him,  and  shall  be  paid  out  upon  and  according  to  the 
orders  of  the  presiding  officer,  countersigned  by  the  Recording  Sec- 
retary. 

2.  He  shall  keep  an  accurate  account  of  all  receipts  and  disburse- 
ments, and  shall,  at  least  once  a  year,  and  oftener  if  required,  settle 
his  accounts  with  the  Board — this  settlement  to  be  submitted  to  the 
Society  at  its  annual  meeting. 

3.  He  shall  hand  to  his  successor  in  office  all  the  books,  moneys, 
and  papers  of  the  Society  in  his  possession  ;  and  he  may  be  removed 
at  the  pleasure  of  the  Board. 

EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE. 

1.  An  Executive  Committee  shall  be  appointed  annually  by  the 
Board,  to  consist  of  not  less  than  three  nor  more  than  five,  whose  duty 
it  shall  be  to  make  all  the  preparations  for  holding   Fairs,  to   appoint 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  219 

Marshals,  Gate-Keepers,  and  such   other  subordinate   officrs  as   they 
may  deem  necessary. 

2.  They  shall  make  a  report  of  their  proceedings,  when  required 
by  the  Board  ;  and  always  after  a  Fair  without  special  requirement. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

1.  A  person  desiring  to  become  a  member  must  do  so  ten  days  be- 
fore the  Fair. 

2.  A  person  not  a  member  may  compete  for  a  premium  by  the  pay- 
ment of  five  dollars. 

3.  The  sale  of  spirituous  liquors,  betting  or  gambling,  on  the  Fair 
Grounds,  are  positively  prohibited. 

The  Treasurer  was  directed  to  place  at  interest  the  $5,000  appro- 
priated by  the  State,  when  drawn  from  the  Treasury. 

Ordered,  that  the  Treasurer  pay  B.  J.  Clay,  account,  $92  50,  money 
advanced  by  him  to  R.  W.  Scott,  (and  paid  out  for  the  Society.) 

The  Committee  of  Directors  herein  before  appointed,  were  directed 
to  contract  for  the  printing  of  the  Premium  List,  as  agreed  upon. 

A  Premium  List  for  the  Annual  Fair  was  agreed  upon  and  ordered 
to  be  printed. 

The  following  Committee  on  Pedigrees,  at  the  ensuing  State  Fair* 
was  appointed,  viz  :  J.  Warren  Grigsby,  John  Cunningham,  A.  G» 
Bacon,  Thomas  Martin,  and  H.  W.  Faris. 

The  Board  authorized  the  Recording  Secretary  and  Treasurer  to  ap- 
point assistants  at  the  Fair,  if  they  deemed  it  necessary. 

The  Board  then  adjourned. 

T.  P.   A.   BIBB,  Recording  Secretary. 


SEPTEMBER  1,  1857. 

The  Board  of  Directors  met  at  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  in  the  city 
of  Louisville.  Present — B.  J.  Clay,  J.  R.  Hughes,  D.  W.  Jones,  L.  J. 
Bradford,  W.  S.  Elam,  and  H.  Thompson. 

Mr.  Clay  communicated  to  the  Board  the  resignation  of  T.  P.  A. 
Bibb,  Recording  Secretary,  on  the  —  day  of  August. 

On  motion  and  second,  Robert  W.  Scott  was  appointed  Recording 
Secretary  in  place  of  T.  P.  A.  Bibb,  with  authority  to  employ  such  as- 
sistants as  he  may  deem  necessary. 

On  motion  and  second,  committees  were  appointed  to  attend  the 
Ohio  and  Indiana  and  St.  Louis  Fairs. 

The  Treasurer  was  directed  to  send  tickets  of  membership  to  all 
persons  who  had  paid  the  fees  of  membership  for  1857. 


220  REPORT  OF  THE 

Entries  for  exhibition  and  consignments  to  the  State  Fair  at  Hender- 
son, may  be  made  with  W.  E.  Milton,  of  Louisville,  and  consignments 
to  Allen  &  Bell,  of  Henderson. 

On  motion  and  second,  it  was  unanimously  agreed  that  the  Board 
offer  the  following  premiums  for  Tobacco  in  May,  1858,  viz  : 

Upon  Cigar  Tobacco,  $50;  upon  Manufacturing  Tobacco,  $50;  upon 
Cutting  Tobacco,  $50;  upon  Shipping  Tobacco,  $50.  All  to  be  exhi- 
bited by  the  producers,  in  Louisville,  on  the  first  Wednesda}'  in  May, 
1858. 

On  motion  and  second,  Messrs.  L.  J.  Bradford,  Jos.  A.  Moore,  and 
Chas.  H.  Powell,  were  appointed  to  select  awarding  committees,  and 
to  designate  the  place  in  Louisville  where  said  exhibition  shall  take 
place. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 

R.  W.  SCOTT,  Rcc.  Secretary. 


MEETING  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS,  AT  HENDERSON, 
October  13tk  to  17th,  1857. 

Present — B.  J.  Clay,  H.  Thompson,  Lucius  Desha,  W.  S.  Elam,  and 
D.  W.  Jones. 

Ordered,  That  the  Secretary  cause  to  be  published  and  circulated 
three  hundred  extra  copies  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  which  shall 
contain  the  awards  at  the  Second  State  Fair,  and  the  Address  of  Hon. 
L.  W.  Powell. 

Ordered,  That  the  salary  of  James  W.  Tate,  Treasurer,  be  three 
hundred  dollars,  and  of  Robert  VV.  Scott,  as  Recording  Secretary,  be 
the  same. 

On  motion  and  second,  a  preamble  and  resolutions  of  thanks  to  the 
citizens  of  Henderson,  the  Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultu- 
ral and  Mechanical  Association,  &c,  were  unanimously  adopted,  and 
directed  to  be  published  in  the  Henderson  newspapers. 

R.  W.  SCOTT,  Rcc.  Secretary. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


221 


LIST  OF  PREMIUMS  FOR  THE  SECOND  STATE  FAIR. 


After  a  session  of  three  or  four  days  the  Premium  List  for  the  Second 
Fair  was  completed;  and  at  the  same  meeting  the  Hon.  L.  W.  Powell 
was  chosen  to  deliver  the  Annual  Address. 

The  following  List  of  Premiums,  names  of  Judges,  and  Rules  of  the 
Fair,  were  made  out,  and  five  thousand  copies  were  published  and  dis- 
tributed according  to  law: 

Premiums  and  Awarding  Committees  of  the  Second  Fair,  held  by  the   Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society,  on  the  Fair  Grounds  of  the  Union,  Hop- 
kins and  Henderson  Agricultural  Society,  at  Henderson,  Kentucky,  begin 
ning  on  Tuesday,  October  13,  1857,  and  continued  five  days. 


CLASS  A.— CATTLE. 

BULLS. 

Four  yenra  old  and  upwards,  first  premium, $  30  00 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  second  premium,    •         -         -         -         -         -         -  -  20  001 

Three  years  old  and  under  lour,  first  premium,   -  -  -  -  -  -  -  25  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  second  premium,       -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  fi.st  premium,  -  -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  second  premium,        -         -         -         -         •  10  00 

Oue  year  old  and  under  two,  first  premium,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two ,  second  premium,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Under  one  year  old,  first  premium,      - -         -         -  15  0Q 

Under  one  year  old,  second  premium,  .........  IU  00 

COWS  AND  HEIFERS. 
Four  years  old  and  upwards,  first  premium, 
Four  years  old  and  upwards,  second  premium, 
Three  years  old  and  under  tour,  first  premium, 


Under  one  year  old.  first  premium, 
Under  one  year  old,  second  premium 

Judges 
Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke  county. 
Sol.  L   Shatp,  Washington  county. 
Chas.  Canard,  Bourbon  county. 
James  Kinnard,  Payette  county. 
John  Wheelan,  Boyle  county. 


HERD. 
Best  Bull  and  five  Cows,  over  two  years  old,  from  any  one  heard. 
Second  best  Bull  and  five  Cows,  over  two  years  old,  irons  any  one  herd, 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Best  Ball  of  any  age, 
Best  Cow  of  anv  a^e, 


30  00 
20  00 
25  00 


Three  years  old  and  under  four,  second  premium,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -       15  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  first  premium,  - 
Two  years  old  and  under  three,  second  premium, 
One  year  old  and  under  two,  first  premium. 


20  00 
111  00 
20  00 

One  vear  old  and  under  two,  second  premium, -        15  00 

15  00 
10  00 


Alternates. 
Ben.  Wartield,  Fayette  county. 
Jos.  VVasson,  Fayette  county. 
Gibson  Taylor,  Union  county. 
Ben.  Berry,  Christian  county. 
Remus  Payne,  Scots  county. 


50  00 
25  00 


30  00 
30  1)0 


222 


REPORT  OP  THE 


Judges. 
Wm.  H.  Wilson,  Harrison  county. 
1  hos  Cunningham,  Bourbon  county. 
Arch.  Wilson,  Nelson  county. 
J.  H.  Gnff,  Clarke  county. 
Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  Mason  county. 


Alternates 
Chas.  Bright,  Woodford  county. 
John  Hall,  Shelby  county. 
Rooert  Stone,  Madison  county. 
Dr.  J   C.  Maxwell,  Marion  county. 
J.  G.  Taylor,  Henry  county. 


FAT  CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upwards, -         - 

Second  best  Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upwards,         ...... 

Fat  tree  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  .... 

Second  best  Fat  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heiler,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heiler,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free    Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  three  years  old  and  under   four, 

Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  cfpayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and   under  three, 

Bullock,  Free  Martiu  or  Spayed  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Fat  Cow,  over  lour  years  old,     --.--..-. 

Second  best  fat  Cow  over  four  years  old,    --------- 

WORK  OXEN. 
Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  ...... 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     '  - 

Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  under  four  years  old,     ...  .... 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen  for  work,  under  four  years  old,         ..... 


MILCH  COWS. 


Best  Milch  Cow, 
Second  best  Milcii  Cow, 


20 

CO 

10 

00 

20 

CO 

10 

00 

15 

00 

10  00 

10  00 

5 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

15 

00 

10  00 

20 

00 

10  00 

15  00 

10 

00 

20  00 

10 

00 

Judges. 
Lewis  Rhem,  Jefferson  county. 
Ben.  Sudduth,  Clarke  county. 
Isaac  Stone,  Nelson  county. 
Nath    F.  Strange,  Warren  county. 
Nelson  Prewitt,  Montgomery  county. 


Alternates . 
Samuel  Williams,  Henderson  county. 
George  Proctor,  Union  county. 
Rice  Dulin,  Christian  county. 
I    Shelby  Todd,  Shelby  county. 
Wm.   Wood,  Logan  county. 


AYRSHIRE  AND  HEREFORD. -BULLS. 


Three  years  old  and  upwards,     - 
Second  best  three  years  old  and  upwards, 
Two  years  old  and  under  three, 
Second  best  two  years  old  and  under  three, 
One  year  old,      -  .... 

Second  best  one  year  old, 


COWS  AND  HEIFERS. 


Three  years  old  and  upwards,     - 
Second  best  three  years  oid  and  upwards, 
Two  years  old  and  under  three, 
Second  best  two  years  old  and  under  three, 
One  year  old,  - 

Second  best  one  year  old, 

Judges. 
John  B   Coboill,  Henderson. 
William  Bell,  Owensboro. 
J.  P.  Gay,  Winchester. 
John   Fee,  Augusta. 
Josiah  Chenault,  Richmond. 


20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 
5  00 


20  00 
111  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 
5  00 


Judges. 
Jeremiah  Duncan,  Raris. 
William  Bethet,   Elizabethtown. 
Robert  Alves,  Henderson. 
Thomas  Hatfield,  Franklin. 
Alfred  Johnson,  Murray. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


223 


CLASS  B.— SHEEP. 

LONG  WOOL  SHEEP. 
Buck  over  two  years  old,  ...... 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old, 

Buck  under  two  years  old,  ------ 

Second   best  Buck  under  two  years  old,     - 

Ewe  over  two  years  old,     ------- 

Second  best  Ewe  over  two  years  old,  .... 

Ewe  under  two  years  old,  - 

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old,        .... 


15  00 

10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 


FAT  SHEEP. 

Five  fat  Sheep  of  any  breed, - 15  00 

Second  best  five  fat  Sheep  of  any  breed,  - 10  00 


Judges. 
Thos.  R    Brown,  Springfield. 
Jas.   Kinslear,  Dry  Ridge,  Grant  county. 
E.  M.  Covington,  Bowlinggreen. 


Alternates. 
Nath.  McUauiel,  Winchester- 
Sanders  E*es,  Sacramento,  Muh.  county. 
W.  M.  Irvin,  Danville. 


MIDDLE  WOOL  SHEEP. 
Buck  over  two  years  old,  ........ 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old,  ....... 

Buck  under  two  years  old,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         - 

Second  best  Buck  under  two  years  old, 

Ewe  over  two  years  old,     --------- 

Second  best  Ewe  over  i  wo  years  old,  ...... 

Ewe  under  two  years  old,  

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old, 

Alternates . 


15  00 
10  (10 
10  00 

5  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 


Judges. 
F.  J.  Gray,  Cynthiana. 
Joseph  Miller,  Hodgenville. 
James  Calloway,  Eminence. 


Wm.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson. 
Wm.  \.  Bradshaw,  Owensboro. 
Eli  McLean,  South  Union. 


SAXON  OR  MERINO  SHEEP. 

Buck  over  two  years  'old, 10  00 

Second  best  Buck  over  two  years  old,  ........500 

Buck  under  two  years  old,         -..•..--.'..-  10  00 

Second  best  Buck  under  two  years  old, 5  00 

Ewe  over  two  years  old,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  '  0 

Second  best  Ewe  over  two  years  old, 5  00 

Ewe  under  two  years  old,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Ewe  under  two  years  old,         -                 .......  5  00 


Judges. 
Jno.  M.  Wakefield,  Glenville,  Kentucky. 
Jacob  Vanmetre,  Matteau,  Illinois. 
Jas.  H.  Diane,  Eminence,  Kentucky. 


Alternates . 
Wm.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson. 
L   Churchill,  Morgan  field 
Dr.  Jno.  King,  Russellville. 


CLASS  C— HOGS. 

BOARS. 

Boar  over  two  years  old,             ...........  15  00 

Second  best  Boar  over  two  years  old, 10  00 

Boar  one  year  old  and  under  iwo,        -         - 10  00 

Second  best  Boar  one  year  old  and  under  two,             .......  5  00 

Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, ....]()  (10 

Second  best  Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 5  00 

SOWS. 

Sow  over  two  years  old,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Sow  two  years  old, 10  00 

Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 


224 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Second  best  Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two, •         -  5  00 

Sow  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -          -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Sow  six  months  old  and  under  ono  year,         -         •         -         -         -         -  5   00 

Pair  of  Pigs  under  six  months  old,      ----- 10  00 

Second  best  pair  of  Pigs  under  six  months  old,            .......  5  00 

FAT  HOGS. 

Five  fat  Hogs, 15  00 

Second  best  live  fat  Hogs, 10  00 

Judges.  Alternates. 

Charles  Grundy,  Springfield.  Saml.  Williams,  Henderson. 

Robt.  Flo\d,  Louisville.  Harvey  Gatevvood.  Mt.  Sterling. 

Waller  Chenault,   Richmond.  Miles  Kelly,  Bowlinggreen. 

John  Martin,  Winchester.  Edward  Taylor,  Louisville. 

Thus.  Lillard,  Danville.  Andrew  Cheuault,  Mt.  Sterling. 


CLASS  D.— HORSES. 


THOROUGH  BRED  HORSES. 
Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  .........       25  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,       -          -         -         -                   -  15  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -          -          -          -          -          •          -          -  20  00 

Second  best  stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,           -                   -         -         ■  -       10  00 

Stallion .  two  years  old  and  under  three,      -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  atallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           -          •         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,                    -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  under  and  two,      -         -         -         -         -         -  -         5  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       -         -         r         ........  .       10  00 

Second  Oesi  stallion  under  one  year  old,              -         -         -         -         -         -         -  -         5  00 

Mare,"  lour  years  old  and  upwards,             -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Second  best  Mare,  lour  yeais  old  and  upwards,           -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Mate  three  years  old  and  under  lour,  .........       20  00 

Second  best  Mure,  three  }ears  old  under  four,             -         -         -         -         •         •  10  00 

Mart-,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           -          -          -          -          -          -          -          -  15  00 

Second  bust  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       .....  .        10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  -       10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          -         -         -         -         -         -  -         5  00 

Mare,  under  one  .year  old,  ...........        10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year,     -                   -         -         •          -         -         -         -  -         5  00 


*Agetl  Mares  not  required  to  be  breeders. 

Juiti/es. 
J.  Warnui  Gngsby,  Danville. 
David  liuweii,  Mt.  Sterling. 
James  baseoui,  Greenville. 
S.  1 '.  Diane,  Eminence. 
S.  W.  brents,  bowlinggreen. 


Alternates. 
Saml.  Steele,  Frankfort. 
George  Payne,  Morganfield. 
B.  R.  Jenkins,   Liberty. 
Elias  Dorsey,  Louisville. 
Wm.  L.  Sudduth,  Sbarpsburg. 


DRAFT  HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,           -         - 25  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,       -         -         -         •         -         •         -  15  00 

Stallion,  three  )ears  old  and  under  lour,     -         - 20  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,           -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stalliou,  two  years'  old  aiud  under  three,     .........  15- 00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  yeaio  old  and  under  three,            -         -         -         •         -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  one  .year  old  and  under   two,          .........  10  00 

Second  be»i  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       ---...          .          ....  10  00 

Scoud  beat  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,            ........  5  00 

Mare,  lour  years  old  and  upwaids,      -         -               •    -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Seconu  best  Mare,  lour  \ ears  old  and  upwards, 15  00 

Male,  three  }ears  old  and  under  lour,          -          -          -          -          -          -          -          -          -  20  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     •         •         -         -         -         -         •  10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


225 


Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  .... 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Judges. 
Wm.  Lancaster,  Lebanon. 
Wm.  L.  Tarkington,  Danville. 
Warren  B.  Rogers,  Paris. 
John  Hall,  Shelbyville. 


Alternates. 
John  Giltner,  Paris. 
Maxwell  Stevenson,  Russellville. 
Joshua  Hopkins,  Springfield. 
Peter  Funk,  Louisville. 


FINE  HORSES  FOR  ALL  WORK. 


Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     - 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old,. 

Judges. 
John  Cunningham,  Paris. 
David  Heath,  Danville. 
Robert  Mallory,  Lagrange. 
William  T.  Hieronymous,  Franklin. 
Richard  Bacon,  Paducah. 


Alternates. 
John  H.  Wakefield,  Glenville. 
William  S.  Rogers,  Paris. 
John  Funk,  Henderson. 
Elias  Dorsey,  Louisville. 
David  Dills,  Cynthiana. 


HARNESS  HORSES. 


Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,    - 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  -         -         - 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,      - 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         - 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  - 

Second  best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four, 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Gelding,  two  vears  old  and  under  three, 

15  ' 


15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  Off 
10  00 

5  00 


226 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Pair  of  Match  Horses, 

Second  best  pair  of  Match  Horses,  

Pair  of  Match  Mares, 

Second  best  pair  of  Match  Mares, 

All  animals  over  two  years  old,  will  be  required  to  be  exhibited  in  harness. 


30  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 


Judges. 
Samuel  B.  Thomas,  Elizabethtown, 
S.  J.  McNairy,  Greenville. 
John  S.  Hoskins,  Lancaster, 
Dr.  L.  Powell,  Louisville, 
John  S.  Barlow,  Glasgow. 


Alternates. 
W.  R.  Estill,  Lexington. 
Samuel  Wing,  Owensboro. 
Martin  Rucker;  Henderson. 
John  S.  Williams,  Mt.  Sterling. 
F.  Lockett  Hall,  Owensboro. 


SADDLE  HORSES. 


Stallion,  four  year  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     - 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 

Second  best  Mare,,  under  one  year  old, 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

Second  best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Second  best  Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 


25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  00 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
10  00 

5  00 
20  00 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 


Judges. 
John  R.  Jones,  Bloomfield. 
J.  Taylor  Bradford,  Augusta. 
Benjamin  Covington,  Bowlinggreen. 
Dr-  Broadnax,  Pewee  Valley. 
Dr.  P-  Thompson,  Henderson. 


Alternates. 
Dr.  D.  R.  Haggard,  Burk3ville. 
Parker  Craig,  Lexington. 
A.  C.  Barrow,  Winchester. 
Nicholas  B.  Bosley,  Owensboro. 
Stephen  B.  Brown,  Springfield. 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Stallion  of  any  age,  - 
Mare  of  any  age, 

Judges. 
W.  S.  Buford,  Woodford  county. 
Jacob  Embry,  Fayette  county. 
Wm.  Goddard,  Kenton  county. 
James  A  Beasley,  Garrard  county. 
Henry  Giltner,  Franklin  county. 


25  00 
25  00 


Alternates. 
A.  M.  Rutledge,  Hawkerville,  Tenn. 
J.  Warren  Grigsby,  Lincoln  county. 
David  Howell,  Montgomery  county. 
S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby  county. 
Wm.  Ragland,  Bath  county. 


CLASS  E.— MULES. 

Horse  Mule,  three  vears  old  and  upwards, $25  00 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 15  00 

Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 20  00 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 15  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


227 


Second  best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Horse  Mule,  under  one  year, 

Second  best  Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old,     - 

Mare  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  - 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  throe, 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     • 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Mare  Mule,  un   er  one  year  old,  .... 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old, 

Five  two  year  old  Mules,  ------ 

Second  best  five  two  year  old  Mules, 

Pair  of  broke  Mules,  ------ 

Second  best  pair  of  broke  Mules,        - 

Judges. 
C.  M.  Gibbons,  Augusta. 
Silas  Evans,   Lexington. 
James  Spanlding,  Springfield. 
.Henry  Smith,  Dripping  Spring. 
J.  D.  Harbison,  Suelbvville. 


Alternates. 
Ben  Rodgers,  Paris. 
Jackson  McLean,  Henderson. 

C.  Price,  Nioholasville. 

D.  S.  Maxwell,  Lebanon. 
Wm.  A.  Meriwether,  Louisville. 


10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  (10 
15  00 
20  ('0 
10  00 
15  00 
10  00 
10  00 

5  00 
25  CO 
15  00 
20  00 
10  00 


CLASS  F.— ASSES. 
JACKS. 


Jack,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  Jack,  four  years  old  and  upwards,    - 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four,   - 

Second  best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         -         -         - 

Second  best  Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         - 

Second  best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  - 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  -         -         -  - 

Second  best  Jack,  under  one  year  old, 

JENNETS. 

Jennet,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Second  best  jennet,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Second  best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  under  four,    - 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Second  best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     ■ 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  - 

Second  be:-t  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,         -         -         -         -     .    - 

Second  best  Jetmet,  under  one  year  old, 

Judges. 
Stephen  C.  brown,  Springfield. 
Ben.  B.  Groom,  Winchester. 
Lewis  Castleman,  Lexington. 
Thomas  McCreery,  Yelvington. 
Haml.  Skyles,  Buwlinggreeu. 


Alternates. 
Richard  Pas  tun,  Lawrcnceburg. 
Thomas  H.  Moore,  Winchester. 
Richard  Dunville,   Matiisoiiville. 
George  Shanklin,  Nicholas ville. 
Wilson  Jones,  Bloomtield. 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


Jack  of  any  age, 
Jennet  of  any  age,     - 

Judges. 
Thomas  Green,  Hopkinsville. 
D.  A.  Knox,  Danvil!e. 
Harvev  McElroy,  Lebanon. 
N.G.Tevis,  Stanford. 
William  Lockett,  Henderson. 


Alternates. 
Thomas  Suher,  Lancaster. 
Wm.  A.  Moore,  Midway. 
John  Payne,  Georgetown. 
Wm  J.  Moberly,  Harrodsburg. 
Mark  R.  Cockrill,  Nashville,  Tenn. 


$25  00 

15  00 

2U  00 

10  00 

15  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

10  00 

5  00 

25  00 

15  00 

20  00 

10  00 

15  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

10  00 

5  00 

25  00 
25  00 


228 


REPORT  OF  THE 


CLASS  G.— POULTRY. 


Turkiea,  pair, 
Ducks,  Muscovy,  pair, 
Ducks,  Poland,   pair, 
Ducks,  variety, 
Geese,  pair, 

Chickens,  Shanghai,  pair, 
Chickens,  Coehinchina,  pair, 
Chickens,  Dorking,  pair, 
Chickens,  Brahma,  pair,     - 
Chickens,  Game,  pair, 
Chickens,  variety  of  all  kinds, 

Judges. 
John  T.  Gray,  Louisville. 
William  P.  Smith,  Henderson. 
Wm.  T.  Curry,  Harrodsburg. 


Judges. 
Thomas  Salter,  Lancaster. 
Grant  Green,  Henderson. 


00 
00 
('0 
00 
Bfi 
% 
Ofl 

oo 
oo 

2  Oo 
5  00 


GLASS  H.— MECHANICAL. 
CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  &o. 


Close  Carriage,  two  horse, 
Open  Carriage;  two  horse, 
Open  Gairiage,  one  horse, 
Buggy, 


Judges. 
Clarke  Bradlev,  Louisville. 
Willis  G.  Hughes,   Morganfieid. 
D.  Woolfolk,  Owensboro. 


Set  of  Harness,  double, 

Set  of  Harness,  single,        .... 

Saddle  and  Bridle, 

Display  of  Harness  for  the  farm, 
Traveling  Trunk, 

Judges. 
S.  E.  Ferran,  Danville. 
Wm.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson. 
P.  Baird,  Lexington. 
J.  S.  Wynans,  Bowlinggreen. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 
Portable  Steam  Engine  for  farm  use, 

*  Reaping  Machine, 

*  Mowing  Machine, 

•"Combined  Reaper  and  Mower, 

Threshing  Machine, 

Threshing  Machine  with  Cleaner  and.Separator, 

Horse  Power, 

Portable  Saw  Mill  for  farm  use, 

Corn  Cru-her,  -  

Corn  Shelter,  

Wheat  Fan,        ----- 

Clover  Seed  Hulling  Machine, 

Straw  Cutter,     -  

Garden  Engine  and  Tools, -         - 

Dynometer,         .------... 

Wagon,  four  horse,  ......... 

Wagon,  two  horse,  

Horse  Cart,         ..--..-... 

Ox  Cart,  

Plow,  two  horse,  for  sod,  ....... 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  stubble, 

Plow,  two  horse,  sub-80tl,  -         - 

Plow,  one  horse, 

Harrow, 


Roller, 
Cultivator, 
Hay  Rake, 
Mowing  Cradle, 


15  00 
15  00 

10  00 
10  00 
10  00 


20  00 

30  00 

30  00 

30  00 

20  00 

20  00 

10  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

10  00 

5  00 

10  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

10  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

3  00 

*r  or  scale— see  note  ou  opposite  page. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


*  Exhibitors  of  Reaping  and  Mowing  Machines  must  enter  them  with  T.  P.  A.  Bibb.  Re- 
cording Secretary,  at  Frankfort,  on  or  before  the  1st  of  June,  1857.  The  trial  of  the  Ma- 
chines will  take  place  near  Henderson,  Kentucky,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Judges.  The 
Committee  are  to  make  their  decision  according  to  the   following  Scale  of  Points: 

REAPER    SCALE. 

A    MACHINE    PERFECT    AT    300. 


Number,  - 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

cj 

tc 

« 

to 

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c 

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la-i 

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D.  C 

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c  to 

c   § 

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tc-3 

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c  a 
£§ 

£-. 

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b  S 

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15 

p. 

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IS 

03 
3 

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co   oi 

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3  J 

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Value  of  each  point, 

9 

8 

10 

45 

16 

30 

22 

9 

3d 

26 

45 

50 

300 

- 

Names  of  competitors, 

MOWING  SCALE. 

A    MACHINE    PERFECT    AT    212. 


Number, 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

CO 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

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OS 

03 

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Value  of  point, 

9 

8 

10 

30 

1016 

70  |     9      20 

30 

212 

- 

300 

212 

38 

550 

~ 

Competitors, 

" 

All  the  implements  on  trial  must  be  retained  and  exhibited  at  the  Fair.  The  Executive 
Committee  will  fix  the  time  and  place  for  trial,  and  have  a  notice  published  in  the  Farm  Journ- 
al and  other  papers,  for  thirty  days  previous  to  the  trial.  Each  Machine  will  be  required  to  reap- 
at  lease  three  acres,  and  mow  at  least  two  acres  of  grass.  If  any  of  the  Judges  are  not  present 
when  the  trial  comes  off,  the  Executive  Committee  are  to  appoint  Judges  in  their  stead. 


230 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Wheat  Drill, 

Corn  Planter, 

Coin  stalk  Cutter,      -         -         - 

Hay  or  Hemp  Press, 

Cattle  Scales,     ------ 

Garden  Engine, 

Mill  for  grinding  Flour  and  Meal  for  family, 
Portable  Cider  Press.  - 

Apparatus  lor  cooking  food  for  stock, 


3  00 


nmp, 


Bee  Hive, 
Farm  Gate,  plan, 
Scraper, 


Judges. 
Alfred  Preston,  Winchester. 
Mr   Beatty,  Henderson. 
E.  L.  Davidson,  Springfield. 


Judges. 
Wm.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson. 
John  T.  McCormick,  Henderson. 
Newton  Craig,  Georgetown. 


CABINET,  CARPENTER,  AND  COOPER  WORK. 


Wardrobe, 
Be<lstead, 
Dressing  Bureau, 
Sofa,     '       - 


Chairs,  half  dozen,     - 

Split  bottom  Chairs,  half  dozen, 

Willow  Chair,     .         -         -         - 

Willow  Basket, 

Set  of  Cottage  Furniture, 

Work  Table,      -         -         -         - 

Mnntel  piece,      -         -         -         - 

Door  Pattern,     - 

Set  of  Edge  Tools,     - 

Set  of  Planes,     - 

Refrigerator,       - 

Meat  Safe,  .... 


Water  Cooler,     - 

Churn,         • 

Cream  Freezer, 

Tight  Ban  el  for  liquids  or  meats, 

Flour  Barrel, 

Laird  Keg,  - 

Butter  Firkin,     -        -        -         - 


Judges. 
David  Berry,  Union  county. 
Wm.  H.  Walker,  Oldham  county. 
J.  C.  Girard,  Bowlinggreen. 


Judges. 
F.  Cunningham,  Henderson. 
Alfred  Boyd,  Paducah. 


SILVER  AND  OTHER  WARE. 


Display  of  Silver  Ware, 
Display  of  Copper  Ware, 
Display  of  Tin  Ware, 
Display  of  Stone  Pottery, 
Display  nf  Stone  Cutting 


Specimen  of  Book  Printing 

Display  of  Book  Binding,  - 

Display  of  Printing,  Letter,  and  other  papers, 

Display  of  Glass  Ware,      - 

Judges. 
A.  B.  Barrett.  Henderson. 
Edgar  Needham,  Louisville. 
David  Nevin,  Louisville. 


Judges. 
G.  W.  McDonald,  Covington. 
Finis  E.  McLean,  Elkton. 


5  no 
5  00 
3  00 
3  00 
2  00 


Ox  Yoke, 

Best  and  most  numerous  variety  of  Agricultural  Implements,  manufactured  in  Ken- 
tucky, by  the  exhibitor  or  under  his  supervision — material,  workmanship,  utility, 
durability  and  price  to  be  considered,      -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -20  00 

Best  set  of  Garden  Tools,  as  above, 5  00 


5  00 
5  HO 
5  00 
5  00 
5  00 
5  00 
5  00 
2  00 
5  00 


3  00 
3  00 
3  00 

2  00 

3  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 


10  00 
5  00 
5  00 
5  00 
5  00 


Mantel  of  Kentuckv  Marble, 10  00 

5  00 

5  00 

- 5  00 

10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


281 


IRON  AND  IRON  CASTINGS. 


Bar  Iron,  -        - 

Hoop  Iron,  -         -        - 

Rod  Iron, 

Keg  of  Nails,     -         -  .      - 

Specimen  of  Hollow  Ware, 

Solid  Casting,' 

Fancy  Casting, 

Cooking  Range  or  Stove, 

Parlor  Stove, 

Grate,         - 

Judges. 
J.  C.  Mason,  Bath  county. 
Isaac  Hill  man,  Cadiz. 
George  Ainslee,  Louisville. 


Judges. 
William  Lampton,  Carter  county. 
J.  Whitman,  Shepherdsville. 


5  00 
5  00 
5  00 
3  00 
3  00 
3  00 
3  00 
5  00 
3  00 
3  00 


GUNS,  &c. 


Rifle,  .... 
Doable-Barreled  Shot  Gun, 
Fishing  Tackle, 


Judges. 
Robert  T.  Glass,  Henderson. 
J.  B.  Bibb,  Frankfort. 


Judges. 
Joshua  F.  Bell,  Danville. 


HATS  AND  CAPS. 


Silk  Hat, 

Fur  Hat, 

Wool  Hat, 

Straw  or  Chip  Hat, 

Cloth  Cap, 

Fur  Cap, 

Fancy  Hat, 


Judges. 
C.  Lyon,  Madisonville. 
W.  S.  Holloway,  Henderson. 
R.  A.  Spalding,  Morganfield. 


Judyes. 
Leonard  Edlin,  Lebanon. 
W.  B.  Tyler,  Owensboro. 


LEATHER,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 


Side  of  Sole  Leather, 
Side  of  Upper  Leather, 
Side  of  Harness  Leather, 
Side  of  Skirting  Leather, 
Half  Dozen  Calf  Skins, 
Half  Dozen  Dog  Skins, 
Half  Dozen  Hog  Skins, 
Half  Dozen  Sheep  Skins, 
Shoes,  made  by  a  Lady,. 
Men's  Boots, 
Ladies'  Boots, 
Coarse  Boots,     - 
Men's  Shoes, 
Child's  Shoes, 
Coarse  Shoes,     - 


Judges. 
S.  S.  Moore,  Danville. 
James  Carroll,  Heuderson. 
J.  C.  Atkinson,  Henderson. 


Judges. 
George  Doniphan,  Augusta. 
J.  M.  Donaldson,  Bowlinggreen. 


5  00 
5  00 
5  00 


3  00 
3  00 
1  00 
1  00 

1  00 

2  00 

3  00 


2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 

2  00 

3  00 

2  00 

3  00 
2  00 
1  00 
1  00 


CLASS  I.— DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURES. 

OF  WOOL. 

Fine  Jeans,  10  yards,  home  made, 5  00 

Fine  Jeans.  10  yards,  factory  made, 5  00 

Negro  Jeans,  1U  yards,  home  made, 3  00 

Negro  Jeans,  10  yards,  factory  made, 3  00 


232 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Fulled  Cloth,  10  yards, 

White  Linsey,  10  yards,  home  made, 
Colored  Linsey,  10  yards,  home  made, 
Plaid  Linsey,  10  yards,  home  made, 
Plaid  Linsey,  10  yards,  factory  made, 
Flannel,  10  yards,  factory  made, 
Flannel,  10  yards,  home  made,  -         - 

Pair  of  Blankets,  home  made,  - 

Pair  of  Blankets,  factory  made, 

Bedspread  or  Coverlet, 

Carpet,  not  less  than  10  yards,  home  made, 
Rag  Carpet,  not  less  than  10  yards,  home  made, 
Hearth  Rug,  home  made,  - 

Woolen  Shawl,       ' 

Woolen  Hose, 

Woolen  Half  Hose, 

Woolen  Gloves  or  Mits,  .... 

Judges. 
George  W.   Welch,  Danville. 
Samuel  Wing,  Owensboro. 
Thomas  Matthews,  Maysville. 


Judges. 
John  Cheatham,  Henderson. 
A.  G.  Bevil,  Springfield. 


OF  COTTON. 


Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  mixed,  10  yards, 
Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  striped,  10  yards, 
Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  white,  10  yards, 
Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  mixed,  10  yards, 
Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  striped,  10  yards, 
Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  white,  10  yards,  - 
Diapc 


White  Counterpane, 
Cotton  Hose, 
Cotton  Half  Hose, 
Cotton  Gloves,  - 


Judges. 
Robert  W.  Graham,  Stanford. 
George  Smith,  Louisville. 
John  A.  Miller,  Louisville. 


Sewing  Silk,  three  ounces,  homemade, 
Handkerchief,    -         -         -         -         - 


Judges. 
Lucien  Dallam,  Henderson. 
H.  L.  McElroy,  Springfield. 


OF  SILK. 


Cravat, 
Vesting  or  Dress  Goods, 
Hose,  home  made, 
Gloves  or  Mits, 


Judges. 
Lucien  Dallam,  Henderson. 
Robert  W.  Graham,  Stanford. 
John  A.  Miller,  Louisville. 


Judges. 
George  Smith,  Louisville. 
H.  L.  McElroy,  Springfield. 


OF  HEMP  AND  FLAX. 
Linen  Diaper,  10  yards,  homemade,  .... 

Flax  Linen,  10  yards,  home-made,     ..... 

Hemp  Linen,  10  yards,  home-made, 

Tow  Linen,  10  yards,  home  made, 

Sewing  Thread,  1  pound,  homemade,  bleached, 
Sewing  Thread,  1  pound,  home-made,  unbleached,     - 

Hemp  Bagging,  50  yards, 

Hemp  Rope,  9  strand,  50  pounds, 

Hemp  Rope,  6  strand,  50  pounds, 

Baling  Twine,  50  pounds, 


Judges. 
Charles  Humphreys,  Washington. 
John  Jackson,  Lexington. 
Milton  Young,  Union  county. 


Judges. 
William  Orr,  Augusta. 
A.  J.  Haskins,  Henderson. 


5 

00 

3  On 
3  00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

3  00 

5  00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

5  00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


3  00 


3  00 
2  00 
2  00 
5  00 
2  00 
1  00 


2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


233 


NEEDLE  WORK,  &c. 


Silk  Patch-work  Quilt,       - 

Silk  Comfort, 

Worsted  Patch-work  Quilt, 

Worsted  Comfort, 

Calico  Quilt,  Patch  work,  -         -         -         - 

White  Quilt,  Solid  work,  - 

Calico  Comfort,  .,-.--- 

Knit  Counterpane, 

Suit  of  Clothes  made  by  a  Tailor, 

Jean3  Coat  made  by  a  Lady, 

Vest  made  by  a  Lady,         - 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady, 

Cotton  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady, 

Fancy  Bonnet,    ------ 

Silk  Embroidery,  best  specimen, 
Worsted  Embroidery,  best  specimen, 
Thread  Embroidery,  best  specimen,    - 
Cotton  English  Work,  best  specimen, 
Hem  stitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,    - 

Knit  Chair  Tidy, 

Onamental  Shell  work,  best  specimen, 
Ornamental  Wax  Work,  best  specimen,     - 
Ornamental  Hair  Work,    -         -         -         - 
Leather  Work,  best  specimen,  - 
Sewing  Machine,         -         -  -         - 

Silk  Embroidery,  in  colors,  ■ 
Silk  Embroidery,  in  one  color,  - 
Worsted  Embroidery,  in  flowers, 
Worsted  Embroidery,  in  landscape,  - 

Judges. 
Miss  Carrie  Prewitt,  Mt.  Sterling. 
Miss  Sally  Glass,  Henderson. 
Miss  Ellen  Wingate,  Frankfort. 
Col.  John  Moore,  Winchester. 
Wm.  H.  Hays,  Winchester. 


Judges. 
Miss  Adie  McElroy,  Lebanon. 
Miss  Mary  Hopkins,  Danville. 
Landon  A.  Thomas,  Frankfort. 
Joseph  Desha,  Cynthiana. 


TOBACCO,  SALT,  &c. 


Box  of  Manufactured  Tobacco, 
Box  of  Cigars,  -         -         - 
Barrel  of  Salt,    - 
Box  of  Table  Salt,     - 
Candles,  Tallow,  20  pounds, 
Caudles,  Star,  20  pounds,  - 
Soap,  10  pounds,  home  made, 
Starch,  5  pounds,  home  made, 

Judges. 
Joseph  Doniphan,  Augusta. 
David  Clarke,  Henderson. 
James  H.  Garrard,  Danville. 


Judges. 
Wm.  Watkins,  Louisuille. 
D.  L.  Board,  Hardinsburg. 


25  00 

5 

00 

20 

00 

5 

00 

15 

00 

10 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

3 

00 

2 

00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

3 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

3 

00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

3 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

5 

00 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


CLASS  J.— FINE  ARTS. 


PAINTINGS. 

Best  specimen  Portrait  Painting,  in  oil, 10  00 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  oil, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  water  colors, -  5  00 

Best  specimen  Landscape  in  oil, 5  I'O 

Best  specimen  Landscape  in  water  colors, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Cattle  Drawing, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Fruit  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Flower  Painiing, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Fancy  Fainting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Grecian  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Monochromatic  Painting, 5  00 


234 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Best  specimen  Polychromatic  Painting, 5  00 

Best  specimen  Crayon  Drawing 5  00 

Best  specimen  India  Ink  Drawing, 3  00 

Best  specimen  Pencil  Drawing,  -----------3  00 

Display  of  IMguerrotypes,           -                  5  00 

Display  of  Ambrotypes, 5  00 

Display  of  Photographs, 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Sculpture, 20  00 

Drawing  of  the  Henderson  Fair  Grounds,  to  be  engraved  and  published  in  the  Annu- 
al Report, -         -         -  10  00 


Judges. 
W.  D.  Gallagher,  Pewee  Valley. 
Hichard  Hawes,  Paris. 


Judges. 
Ben  Gratz,  Lexington. 
Wm.  McClain,  Henderson. 
John  B.  Huston,  Winchester. 

DESIGNS. 

Design  of  a  Country  Residence,  not  to  cost  over  $2,000, 

Design  of  a  Country  Residence,  not  to  cost  over  $1,000,    ------ 

Design  of  buildings,  &c,  for  a  County   Agricultural  Society,  not  to  C09t  over  $8,(H)0, 

Design  of  Barn, 

Design  of  Carriage  House  and  Stable, 

Design  of  Dairy  House, 

Design  of  Poultry  House, 

Design  of  Smoke  House, 

Design  of  lee  House, 

Design  of  Dry  House, 

Designs  must  be  accompanied  with  estimates  of  cost  and  specifications.  Those  to 
premiums  may  be  awarded  will  be  engraved  and  published  in  the  Annual  Report.  To 
habited  at  the  State  Fair,  and  to  be  passed  upon  by  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture. 

MUSICAL   INSTRUMENTS. 
Pianos, 


10  00 

10  00 

10  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

which 

be  ex- 

Judges.' 
E.  W.  Gunter,  Louisville. 
J.  R.  Underwood,  Bowlinggreen. 
J.  L.  O'Neil,  Shelbyville. 


Judges. 
David  Hughes,  Russellville. 
H.  G.  S.  Whipple,  Louisville. 


10  00 


CLASS  K.— PRODUCTS  OF  THE  SOIL. 

GRAINS. 


Bushel  of  Wheat, 
Bushel  of  Oats, 
Bushel  of  Rye, 
Bushel  of  Barley, 
Buckwheat, 

Fifty  ears  Corn  for  Bread, 
Fifty  ears  Corn  for  Stock,  - 
Bushel  of  Clover  Seed, 
Bushel  of  Hemp  Seed, 
Bushel  of  Timothy  Seed,    - 
Bushel  of  Blue  Grass  Seed, 
Largest  Pumpkins,     - 

Judges. 
E.  W.  Wortham,  Henderson. 
E.  D.  Hobbs,  Jefferson. 
James  H.  G.  Bush,  Winchester. 


Judges. 
Samuel  Corn,  Mt.  Sterling. 
Robert  Morris,  Hopkiusville. 


HEMP  AND  FLAX. 
Hemp,  Water  rotted,  one  hundred  pounds, 
Hemp,  Dew  rotted,  one  hundred  pounds,     - 
Flax,  twenty  pounds, 


Judges. 
C.  J.  Sanders,  Hemp  Agent,  Lexington. 
Ed.  Oldham,  Fayette. 
A.  J.  Shryock,  Woodford. 


Judges. 
Thos.  Barbour,  Danville. 
Garrett  Watts,  Fayette. 


2-00 
2  00 
2  00 


10  00 
5  00 
5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


235 


TOBACCO. 

Leaf  Sample,  ten  pounds, 25  00 

Leaf  Shipping,  ten  pounds, -.25  00 

Leaf  Manufacturing,  ten  pounds, 25  00 

Leaf  Cigar,  ten  pounds, 25  00 

To  be  exhibited  at  State  Fair  by  the  Producer. 


Judges. 
D.  R.  Burbank,  Henderson. 
Robert  Lewis,  Dover. 
A.  K.  McGoodwin,  Bowlinggreen. 


Judges. 
Gen.  White,  Hopkins  county. 
James  Norris,  Germantown. 


GARDEN. 


Irish  Potatoes,  one  Bushel, 

Irish  Potatoes,  display  of  varieties,     ■ 

Sweet  Potatoes,  one  Bushel, 

Sweet  Potatoes,  display  of  varieties, 

Cabbage,  six  heads, 

Tomatoes,  one  Peck,  -         - 

Celery,  six  bunches, 

Turnips  for  Table,  one  Peck,     - 

Parsnips,  one  Peck, 

Salsify,  one  Peck,       - 

Onions,  one  Peck,      • 

Carrots,  one  Peck,      ■ 

Beets  for  table,  one  Peck, 

Lima  Beans,  half  Peck, 

Bunch  Beans,  half  Peck, 

Pepper,  half  Peck,      - 

Water  Melons,  half  dozen, 

Musk  Melons,  half  dozen, 

Squashes,  half  dozen, 

Judges. 
W.  Hollysmith,  Mt.  Sterling. 
Dr.  T.  J.  Johnson,  Henderson. 
Dr.  Thos.  Robinson,  Winchester. 


Judges. 
T.  S.  Bryan,  Hopkinsville. 
T.  S.  Marr,  Scott  county. 


ORCHARD. 

Display  of  Fall  Apples, 

Display  of  Winter  Apples, 

Display  of  greatest  variety,         - 

Best  Apple, 

Largest  Apple, 

Display  of  Cling  Peaches, 

Display  of  Free  Peaches,  -■-... 

Display  of  greatest  variety, 

Best  Peach,         

Plums,  one  dozen, ,-         - 

Plums,  greatest  variety, 

Quinces,  one  dozen, 

Display  of  Fall  Pears, 

Display  of  Winter  Pears, 

Display  of  greatest  variety,         - 

Best  Pear, 

Grapes,  Catawba,  Basket,  -         -         -  -   - 

Grapes,  Isabella,  Basket, 

Grapes,  display  of  greatest  variety,     - 

Grapes,  display  of  greatest  variety,  under  glass, 

Monthly  Raspberries,  one  quart,         • 

Judges. 
James  Hutch?raft,  Paris. 
Arthur  Peter,  Louisville. 
Wm.  Rankin,  Henderson. 


Judges. 
J.  W.  Leathers,  Covington. 
C.  L.  Thomas,  Augusta. 
Ed.  Hughes,  Danville. 


FLOWERS. 


Display  of  Green  House  flowers  in  pots,  &.C., 
Roses,  twenty-four  best  varieties, 
Dahlias,  twelve  dissimilar  blossoms, 


00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 

m 

CO 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00' 


2  00 


2  00 

5 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

2  00 

2  00 

5  00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2  00 

2.00 

3 

00 

1 

00 

2 

00 

2  00 

2 

00 

2  00 

1 

00 

10  00 
5  00 
2  00 


236 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Dahlias,  greatest  variety, 

Phloxes,  six  varieties,         ...... 

Verbenas,  six  varieties, 

Verbenas,  greatest  variety, 

Cut  flowers,  greatest  variety,      - 
Hand  Bouquet  of  Hardy  Flowers — two  specimens,     - 
Hand  Bouquet,  Green  House  Flowers,  two  specimens, 
Floral  Design  of  Living  Flowers,       .... 

Judges. 
Mrs.  J.  M.  Bradford,  Augusta. 
Mrs.  Ben.  Spalding,  Lebanon. 
Mrs.  J.  W.  Crockett,  Henderson. 
Mrs   Eugene  Bibb,  Russellville. 
Mrs.  E.  P.  Humphrey,  Danville. 


Judges . 
Mrs.  Austin  Pea,  Jefferson  county. 
Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Paris. 
Mrs.  Sol.  L.  Sharp,  Springfield. 
Mrs.  Robt.  Prewitt,  Fayette  county. 
Mrs.  J.  L.  Johnson,  Owensboro. 


2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 
2  00 

2  00 

3  00 


CLASS  L.— FAMILY  PRODUCTS. 
DAIRY. 


Butter,  five  pounds, 

Cheese,  ten  pounds  one  year  old, 

Cheese,  ten  pounds  under  one  year  old, 

Honey,  five  pounds, 

Maple  Sugar,  ten  pounds, 

Preserves,  three  kinds, 

Pickles,  three  kinds, 

Jellies,  three  kinds,  ... 

Preserved  Fruit  in  cans,     - 

Judges.  - 
John  Raine,  Louisville. 
Sam.  Stedman,  Louisville. 


Judges. 
S.  W.  Varnum,  Stanford. 


PANTRY. 


Pound  Cake,       ...         -         

White  Cake, 

Fruit  Cake,         ....-•-... 
Sponge  Cake,     ---------- 

Confectionery  Assorted, 

Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread, 

Loaf  of  Corn  Bread, 

Two  Hams,  (one  of  them  boiled  or  baked,)       - 

Dried  Beef, 

Lard,  ten  pounds, -         - 

Kentucky  Wine,  (six  bottles  of  each  kind,  Catawba,  Isabella,  &c.,) 
Cider,  six  bottles,        --....-.. 
Barrel  of  Flour,         ......... 

Barrel  of  Flour, 

Judges  to  be  selected  during  the  Fair. 


2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

3  00 

2  00 

2  00 

Diploma. 

3  00 

3  00 

2  00 

CLASS  M.— AGRICULTURAL  LITERATURE. 

ESSAYS. 

On  breeding  Horses, 20  00 

Second  best  on  Breeding  Horses, 10  00 

On  Feeding  Cattle,  20  00 

Second  best  on  Feeding  Cattle, 10  00 


Judges. 
W.  D.  Gallagher,  Peewee  Valley. 
John  S.  Seaton,  Louisville. 
A.  C.  Dickinson,  Bowlinggreen. 


Sudges. 
Noble  Butler,  Louisville. 
Alfred  Pollock,  Germantown. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


237 


On  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind, 

Second  best  on  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind,     -         -         -         - 

On  the  cultivation  of  a  Crop  or  Staple  of  any  kind, 

Second  best  on  the  Cultivation  of  a  Crop  or  Staple  of  any  kind, 


Judges. 
Albert  Covington,  Warren  county. 
Jacob  Hughes,  Fayette  county. 
Robert  S.  Taylor,  Clarke  county. 

On  Soils,  Coal,  Salt,  Iron  and  Stone,  each, 

Second  best  on  Soils,  Coal,  Salt,  Iron  and  Stone,  each, 


Judges. 
Isaac  Clarke,  McCracken  county. 
Alex.  Julian,  Franklin  county. 


Judges. 
W.  Montgomery,  Lincoln. 
John  P.  Bruce,  Pulaski. 


Judges. 
John  B.  Huston,  Clarke  county. 
John  D.  Morris,  Christian. 
John  G.  Holloway,  Henderson. 

On  the  Cultivation  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky, 

Second  best  on  the  Cultivation  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky, 


Judges. 
A.  V.  Bedford,  Bourbon. 
J.  F.   Robinson,  Scott. 


Judges. 
A.  M.  Brown,  Paris. 
H.  P    Byram,  Louisville. 
F.  Jones,  Clarke. 

On  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agriculture,     - 
Second  best  on  the  use  aad  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agriculture, 
On  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Commerce, 
Second  best  on  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Commerce, 


Judges. 
Edward  Oldham,  Fayette  county. 
Joseph  Brown,  Nelson  county. 
Edgar  Needham,  Louisville. 


Judges. 
Daniel  Yieser,  Boyle  county. 
John  Neet,  Woodford  county, 


On  Agriculture  as  connected  with  Common  Schools, 
Second  best  on  Agriculture  as  connected  with  Common  Schools, 
On  Agriculture  as  connected  with  Collegiate  Education, 
Second  best  as  connected  with  Collegiate  Education. 


Judges. 
D.  C.  Proctor,  Franklin  county. 
Prof.  Dodd,  Lexington. 


20  00 
10  00 

20  00 
10  00 


20  00 
10  00 


20  00 
10  00 


20  00 
10  00 
20  00 
10  00 


20  00 
10  00 
20  00 
10  00 


Judges. 
R.  J.  Breckinridge,  Danville. 
P.  S.  Fall,  Frankfort. 
R.  T.  Dillard,  Fayette  county.  j 

The  Essays  to  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Recording  Secretary,  on  or  before  the  first  day 
of  the  State  Fair. 

NATURAL  MINERALS. 
Best  suit  of  useful  minerals  in  Kentucky,  including: 

Coals.  Soils. 

Iron  Ores.  Salt  Waters. 

Limestones.  Potter's  Clays. 

Marbles.  Fire  Clays. 

Sandstones.  Burr  Stones. 

Marls.  Gypsum. 

Peats. 
Best  suit  of  crystalized  Minerals  of  Kentucky. 
Best  suit  of  Fossils  of  Kentucky. 

Best  suit  of  the  Vegetable  Kingdom,  including  the  woods  and  most  useful  plant3  of  Kentucky- 
Best  suit  of  the  Animal  Kingdom,  including  insects  and  animals  injurious  to  the  farmer. 

Such  awards  as  the  Board  may  deem  best,  will  be  made  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Judg- 
es. Those  to  which  premiums  may  be  awarded,  will  be  deposited  in  the  rooms  of  the  State 
Board  in  the  Executive  Office,  at  Frankfort. 


Judges. 
David  D.  Owen,  Indiana. 
Ashbel  Welsh,  New  Jersey. 
James  M.  Safl'ord,  Lebanon,  Tenn. 


Judges. 
Robert  Peter,  Lexington,  Kentucky. 
Joseph  G.  Norwood,  Illinois. 


238  REPORT  OF  THE 


ORDER  OF  EXHIBITION. 

First  Day — Cattle,  Sheep,  and  Hogs. 

Second  Day — Blood  and  Draft  Horses. 

Third  Day — Fine  Horses  and  Mules. 

Fourth  Day — Harness  Horses  and  Poultry. 

Fifth  Day — Saddle  Horses,  Sweepstakes,  and  Asses.  « 

All  stock  must  be  entered  by  half  past  8  o'clock  of  the  day  of  exhibition. 

Each  day's  exhibition  will  commence  precisely  at  9  o'clock — the  stock  to  be  brought  into 
the  amphitheatre  in  the  order  of  the  premium  list. 

The  awards  of  the  Judges  will  be  announced  as  soon  as  the  decision  is  made. 

All  animals,  to  which  premiums  shall  be  awarded,  will  be  required  to  remain  on  the  grounds 
until  the  close  of  the  Fair. 

All  articles  must  be  entered  before  the  commencement  of  the  Fair,  and  placed  in  the  ap- 
propriate halls  for  exhibition,  to  remain  in  charge  of  the  Superintendents,  until  the  close  of 
the  Fair. 

The  halls  will  be  open  after  the  first  day,  for  the  admission  of  visitors. 

Premiums  will  be  paid  on  the  last  day. 

The  Annual  Address  will  be  delivered  at  12  o'clock  on  the  second  day  by  Ex-Go  v.  L.  W. 
Powell. 


REGULATIONS. 

1.  Each  member  and  his  family  shall  have  free  admission  to  the  Fair  Grounds,  the  right  to 
exhibit  stock  or  other  articles,  for  which  premiums  may  be  offered,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  re- 
ceive a  copy  of  published  proceedings,  lists  of  premiums,  prize  essays,  &c,  which  may  be 
printed  by  the  Society,  free  of  cost. 

2.  Persons  desiring  to  become  members,  must  do  so  ten  days  before  the  Fair. 

3.  Any  person  not  a  member  may  compete  for  premiums  on  the  payment  of  five  dollars, 
which  will  also  entitle  him  and  his  family  to  admission  to  the  grounds. 

4.  Books  for  entry  of  stock  and  articles,  will  be  open  ten  days  before  the  Fair;  and  exhibi 
tors  of  articles  must  make  all  their  entries  before  the  commencement  of  the  Fair. 

5.  All  stock  and  articles  must  be  entered  by  the  owners. 

6.  Exhibitors  will  be  particular  to  enter  their  stock  in  the  proper  class. 

7.  The  hal's  for  the  reception  of  articles,  will  be  open  the  day  before  the  Fair. 

8.  All  articles  must  be  entered  and  labelled   before  received  by  the   Superintendent  of  the 

halls. 

9.  Judges  of  stock  are  requested  to  report  themselves  at  the  business  office,  on  the  grounds, 
by  half  past  8  o'clock,  of  the  day  on  which  they  are  to  act  in  that  capacity.  Judges  of  articles 
are  requested  to  report  themselves  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

10.  All  Judges  or  Alternates  will  be  entitled  to  receive  a  ticket  of  admission  to  the  grounds 

11.  No  person  who  is  an  exhibitor  can  act  as  judge  in  the  class  in  which  he  exhibits. 

12.  When  the  Judges  of  stock  have  agreed  upon  their  award,  in  each  class,  they  will  re- 
port to  the  Marshals,  who  shall  proclaim  the  names  of  the  persons  entitled  to  premiums,  and 
furnish  the  names  to  the  Secretary  in  person. 

13.  The  Judges  of  articles  will  be  required  to  furnish  the  Secretary  a  list  of  their  awards. 

14.  The  President,  Vice  Presidents,  or  one  of  the  Directors,  shall  attend  each  Awarding 
Committee,  in  viewing  the  different  classes  of  stock  and  articles. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  239 

15.  No  person,  other  than  the  Judges,  will  be  permitted  to  go  into  the  riDg  where  stock  is 
exhibiting,  except  the  officers  of  the  Society  and  Marshals. 

16.  The  gate  of  the  Amphitheatre  will  be  closed  in  ten  minutes  after  the  call  by  the  Mar- 
shal for  each  class  of  stock. 

17.  No  stock  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  unless  under  halter,  and  in  care  of  a  groom, 
except  mules. 

18.  Exhibitors  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  groom,  a  card,  containing  the  age  of  all  ani- 
mals under  four  years  old. 

19.  Exhibitors  of  Blood  Horses  will  be  required  to  deposit  with  the  Secretary,  an  authentic 
pedigree  of  each  animal  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

20.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  enter  but  one  class,  except  in  the  herd  and  sweepstakes. 

21.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  to  show  his  own  stock,  and  in  violation  of 
the  rule,  will  forfeit  the  premium:  Provided,  That  this  rule  is  not  to  be  construed  as  prohibit- 
ing any  one  from  driving  his  harness  or  riding  his  saddle  horse. 

22.  If  any  person  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  ownership  of  stock,  or  the  pedigree 
thereof,  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  a  premium  on  said  stock. 

23.  The  premiums,  except  for  the  products  of  the  farm  and  garden,  are  open  to  the  world. 

24.  No  Stallion,  Mare,  Bull,  Cow,  Jack  or  Jennet,  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to 
compete  for  a  premium,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

25.  No  premium  will  be  awarded  to  any  animal  or  article,  unless  the  Judges  shall  deem 
such  worthy  of  it. 

26.  The  owner  of  every  animal  to  which  a  premium  shall  be  awarded,  will  be  required  to 
deliver  to  the  Secretary,  in  writing,  its  name,  age  and  pedigree,  as  far  as  kiuwn,  before  the 
delivery  of  the  premium. 

27.  Discretionary  premiums  may  be  awarded,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Judges,  by 
the  Board. 

28.  Premiums  will  be  paid  in  silver  plate,  coin,  or  books. 

29.  Provender  for  stock  will  be  furnished  on  the  grounds,  to  exhibitors,  at  actual  cost. 

30.  All  premiums  must  be  called  for  within  ten  days  after  the  Fair,  or  they  will  be  consid- 
ered forfeited  to  the  Society. 

31.  No  articles  can  be  entered  and  received  after  the  commencement  of  the  Fair. 


PRICES  OF  ADMISSION. 

Offices  will  be  open  in  the  town  of  Henderson  for  the  sale  of  tickets. 

No  money  received  at  the  gates. 

The  charges  for  admission  to  the  grounds  as  follows  : 

Each  person  on  foot, $         25 

Each  person  on  horse, 35 

Buggies, 75 

Carriages,  --------  .....  100 

Omnibus,  per  day, 5  00 

Hack,  per  day, 3  00 

The  owner  of  each  omnibus  or  hack  will  be  required  to  pay  twenty  five  cents  for  each  pas- 
senger cariied  into  the  grounds. 

The  members  of  the  Henderson,  Hopkins,  and  Union  Agricultural  Society,  will  be  admitted 
on  the  presentation  of  the  tickets  of  that  Society,  at  the  grounds,  but  will  stand  upon  the 
same  footing  as  other  persons  not  members  of  the  Society,  as  to  exhibition  of  stock  and  ar- 
ticles. 


240 


REPORT  OF  THE 


EXHIBITION  OF  TOBACCO  FOR  PREMIUMS. 

The  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  will  give  the  following  Premiums  on  Tobacco,  to 
be  exhibited  at  the  Pickett  Tobacco  Ware  House,  (Spratt  &  Harper,  Proprietors,)  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,onthe  3rd  Wednesday  in  May,  1858,  at  10  o'clock,  A.  M. 


Best  Leaf,    Cutting,  one  Hogshead,  by  producer, 


$100 


Judges. 
S.  W.  Wing,  Owensboro',  Ky. 
David  H.  Clark,  Henderson,  Ky. 
K.  A.  Smith,  Hart  county,  Ky. 
Chas.  MeMoran,  Louisville,  Ky. 
F.  S.  J.  Ronald,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Judges. 
Wm.  Watkins,  i^ouisville,  Ky. 
Jno.  A.  Dunlop,  Louisville,  Ky. 
Rich.  J.  Usher,  Louisville,  Ky. 
S.Newman,  Louisville,  Ky. 
G.  W.  Toleman,  Brooksville,  Ky. 


Best  Leaf,  Manufacturing,  one  Hogshead,,  by  producer, 


$100 


Judges. 
Jno.  P.  Campbell,  Hopkii  sville,  Ky. 
A.  J.  Farran,  Christian  county,  Ky. 
Dr.  David  King,  Logan  county,  Ky. 
R.  Calvin,  Campbellsville,  Ky. 
James  G.  Page,  Barren  county,  Ky. 


Judges. 
J.  Gibson  Taylor,  Daviess  county,  Ky. 
Thomas  E.  Puckett,  Woodbury,  Ky. 
J.  T.  Edmunds,  Louisvilie,  Ky. 
E.  Holbrook,  Louisville,  Ky. 
T.  P.  Nash,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Best  Leaf,  Shipping,  one  Hogshead,  by  producer, 


$100 


Judges. 
Hon.  Archie  D4xon,  Henderson,  Ky. 
Col.  L.  J.  Bradford,  Augusta,  Ky. 
J.  K.  McGoodwin,  Bowlinggreen,  Ky. 
Dr.  D.  G.  Tuck,  Christian  county,  Ky. 
Col.  James  Buckner,  Hopkiusville,  Ky. 


Judges. 
Dr.  Daul.  P.  White,  Greensburg,  Ky. 
N.  Long,  Logan  county,  Ky. 
Dr.  Thomas  Gales,  Calhoon  county,  Ky. 
Thomas  Quigley,  Louisville,  Ky. 
John  Smidt,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Best  Leaf,  Cigar,  one  Hogshead,  by  producer, 


$100 


Judges. 
L.  Tabb,  Dover,  Ky. 
Maj.  R.  Ware,  Bracken  county,  Ky. 
J.  E.  French,  Minerva,  Ky. 
A.  H.  Pollock,  Germantown,  Ky. 
J.  P.  Chalfant,  Augusta,  Ky. 


Judges. 
W.  Baldwin,  Maysville,  Ky. 
Wm.  Mussleman,  Louisville  Ky. 
Jos.  Peterson,  Louisville,  Ky  . 
R.  Burge,  Louisville,  Ky. 
D.  Spaulding,  Jr.,  Louisville,  Ky. 


Messrs.  Spratt  &  Harper  will  receive  and  store  all  tobacco  intended  for  this  exhibition,  free 
of  charge.  Entries  can  be  made  by  addressing  Wm.  E.  Milton,  Assistant  Secretary,  Louis- 
ville, Kentucky,  before  the  day  of  exhibition: 

The  gentlemen  whose  names  are  designated  as  judges  will  each  receive  a  copy  of  this  notice, 
and  they  are  respectfully  requested  to  act  without  further  notification. 

B.  J.  CLAY,  President. 
Attest:  R.  W.  Scott,  Secretary. 
November,  1857. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  241 


THE  SECOND  FAIR  OF  THE   KENTUCKY    STATE  AGRICULTURAL 

SOCIETY. 


This  pleasant  and  successful  occasion  came  off  at  the  Fair  Grounds  of  the  Henderson,  Hop- 
kins and  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  according  to  appointment,  October 
13th  to  17th.  The  grounds  are  pleasantly  situated  about  three  miles  from  Henderson,  and  em- 
brace about  twenty  acres — a  large  part  of  which  is  well  set  with  beautiful  and  thrifty  young 
forest  trees,  all  inclosed  by  a  substantial  plank  fence,  with  three  convenient  entrance  gates. 
The  amphitheatre  is  about  the  size  of  that  near  Louisville,  and  will  seat  about  fifteen  thousand 
persons.  A  tasteful  cottage  for  ladies;  a  large  open  hall  for  machinery  and  implements;  a 
large  and  tasteful  hall  for  the  display  of  finer  fabrics,  flowers,  fruits,  &c,  together  with  all  ap 
prop'iate  offices,  at  once  commodious  and  roomy,  had  been  prepared  by  the  local  Society  and 
placed  under  the  control  and  use  of  the  State  Society,  without  charge  or  expense. 

The  most  of  the  officers  of  the  Society  were  on  the  ground  the  day  before  the  Fair,  inspect- 
ing the  preparations  and  arrangements  which  had  been  made  by  the  Executive  Committee,  all 
of  which  were  of  the  most  complete  and  satisfactory  character. 

The  attendance  of  people  from  day  to  day  was  variously  estimated  at  from  ten  to  twenty- 
five  thousand,  which  was  very  good  when  it  is  considered  that  the  river  was  low,  and  no  rail- 
road was  near.  The  most  open  hearted  hospitality  prevailed,  both  in  the  town  and  adjoining 
country.  The  most  bountiful  and  sumptuous  dinners  for  all  in  attendance  were  hospitably 
spread  on  the  grounds  each  day,  and  the  best  order  and  decorum  prevailed  at  all  times.  No 
disagreeable  occurrence  took  place  during  the  Fair,  and  the  utmost  cordiality  and  good  feel- 
ing prevailed  among  all  in  attendance.  Religious  sectarianism  and  political  partisanism  were 
alike  forgotten,  and  all  was  hospitable,  harmonious,  pleasant,  and  profitable. 

The  exhibition  of  cattle,  horses,  and  other  stock  was  highly  creditable,  both  as  to  number 
and  quality,  especially  considering  that  the  Fair  was  out  of  the  chief  stock  section  of  the  State, 
and  that  the  low  stage  of  the  river  did  not  admit  transportation.  The  cavalcades  of  premium 
animals  filled  the  large  area  of  the  amphitheatre  to  its  full  capacity  on  two  several  occasions. 
The  whole  exhibition  of  stock  was  carefully  and  attentively  observed  by  the  large  crowd  of 
respectable  and  intelligent  ladies  and  gentlemen,  all  admiring  what  they  saw,  and  all  animated 
for  future  improvement.  Over  $20,000  worth  of  fine  stock  was  brought  and  left  in  the  county 
as  one  of  the  fruits  of  the  exhibition. 

The  Mechanics'  Hall  was  well  filled  with  a  great  variety  of  implements  and  machinery, 
much  of  which  had  never  been  in  use  or  on  exhibition  in  this  part  of  the  State  before.  Two 
portable  steam  engines  were  on  exhibition  and  in  operation,  giving  life  and  motion  to  the 
scene.  The  careful  inspection  which  was  given  from  day  to  day,  by  the  farmers,  of  this  de 
partment,  was  a  sure  indication  of  its  salutary  effects;  and  the  use  of  new  and  improved  im- 
plements and  machinery  received  an  impulse  which  will  never  be  lost  or  forgotten. 

In  the  hall  for  exhibition  of  finer  fabrics,  fruits,  flowers,  &c,  a  large  exhibition  was  not  to 
be  expected,  remote  from  a  large  city,  and  in  the  midst  of  a  rural  population.  But  still  there 
were  not  wanting  many  beautiful  and  creditable  specimens  of  skill  and  industry,  of  the  needle, 
the  pencil,  and  the  brush;  while  the  wheel  and  the  loom  also  made  their  contributions  in  the 
ladies'  department. 

This  is  a  farming  region,  and  tobacco  and  corn  are  their  great  productions,  and  these  wero 
represented  by  numerous  specimens  of  magnificent  growth,  and  of  the  finest  varieties.  Other 
products  of  the  farm  also  were  there,  and  among  them  a  fine  lot  of  spring  barley,  from  seed 
distributed  from  the  Patent  Office  through  the  State  Agricultural  Society.  Numerous  geologi- 
cal specimens  were  also  on  exhibition,  among  which  were  the  rich  specimens  of  coal  and  iron 
from  the  mines  in  the  adjacent  country,  some  of  which  are  of  marvelous  richness  and  value. 
It) 


242  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  garden,  the  orchard,  the  dairy,  and  the  pantry,  all  had  very  respectable  representatives 
on  exhibition  at  this  hall;  but  it  was  chiefly  at  the  sumptuous  and  hospitable  dinner  tables  that 
these  articles  appeared  to  the  best  advantage.  There,  presided  over  by  the  hospitable  host, 
and  served  under  the  superintendence  of  his  elegant  lady,  in  the  richest  style  and  most  com- 
fortable manner,  they  were  discussed  with  the  greatest  zest,  and  received  with  the  most  cor- 
dial gratitude.  There  idle  formality  was  dispensed  with;  sectional,  sectarian,  and  party  feel- 
ings were  discarded,  and  we  learned  to  be  one  united,  harmonious,  and  happy  people.  If  there 
were  no  other  benefits  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society,  these  pleasant  re  unions  would  amply 
repay  all  their  expense  and  trouble. 

It  was  after  one  of  these  occasions  of  good  dinners  and  good  humor  that  the  fine  band  of 
music  convened  the  vast  crowd  to  hear  the  address  of  Ex  Governor  Powell.  Here  was  an  ex- 
ercise for  the  edification  and  improvement  of  man,  the  greatest  of  all  animals,  with  moral  and 
intellectual  cultivation,  but  the  greatest  of  all  brutes  without  them.  What,  then,  could  be 
more  appropriate  than  such  an  exercise  on  such  an  occasion?  It  was  a  masterly  and  elaborate 
production,  and  was  listened  to  with  great  attention,  and  is  calculated  to  effect  much  good.  It 
is  greatly  to  be  regretted  that  the  infirm  health  of  the  patriotic  speaker  did  not  permit  him  to 
extend  his  voice  to  the  remotest  part  of  the  crowd. 

At  the  close  of  the  last  day,  all  the  premiums  which  were  awarded  were  conferred  upon  the 
successful  competitors,  and  premiums  were  never  awarded  on  such  an  occasion  with  more  uni- 
form satisfaction.  The  agents  and  employees  of  the  Society  were  all  paid,  and  several  hun- 
dred dollars  were  left  in  the  treasury,  and  several  hundred  dollars  of  silver  premiums  were  left 
over. 

Although  the  exhibition  was  not  very  large  for  a  State  Fair,  yet  it  was  highly  respectable  in 
all  its  departments;  and  in  the  main  object  of  such  an  occasion,  it  was  pre-eminently  successful, 
for  it  diffused  among  all  who  attended  it  a  fine  taste  and  strong  feeling  for  improvement  in 
all  respects,  and  every  person,  almost  without  an  exception,  went  home  highly  pleased  and 
satisfied. 

The  Directors  of  the  State  Society,  feeling  conscious  that  they  had  done  well  with  the  small 
appropriation  heretofore  intrusted  to  them,  resolved  to  ask  the  next  Legislature  for  some 
amendments  to  their  charter,  and  an  appropriation  of  ten  thousand  dollars  per  annum;  and 
surely  that  sum  could  not  be  better  applied. 


NOTICES  OF  THE  PRESS. 


KENTUCKY  STATE  FAIR. 

Henderson,  October  13,  1857. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Evansville  Journal: 

Dear  Sir:  The  State  Fair  Grounds  are  situated  a  little  more  than  one  mile  south  of 
Henderson,  on  Canoe  Creek,  and  one  third  of  a  mile  back  from  the  Ohio.  It  contains  twen- 
ty seven  acres  of  land,  covered  with  Oak  timber,  affording  fine  shade.  The  Grounds  are 
those  belonging  to  the  Union,  Hopkins,  and  Henderson  Agricultural  Society,  who  have  spent 
$5,000  this  year  in  fitting  them  up,  and  $5,000  in  addition  have  been  applied  from  the  State 
Society's  funds.  The  preparations,  in  the  way  of  an  amphitheatre,  floral  and  power  halls, 
Btalls,  and  in  every  other  respect,  are  quite  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  any  other  in  the  soutli  or 
west.    The  amphitheatre  will  seat  from  eight  to  ten  thousand  people,  with  ample  accommoda- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  243 

tions  for  the  officers,  judges,  committees,  invited  guests;  and  the  press  is  provided  with  an 
apartment  opening  into  the  ring,  so  that  the  members  of  that  "estate"  have  every  opportunity 
to  make  accurate  observations  of  every  passing  event. 

The  officers  of  the  Fair  were  early  on  the  grounds,  indefatigable  in  promoting  the  interests 
of  the  exhibition. 

The  entries  up  to  a  late  hour  yesterday,  were  over  six  hundred,  and  gave  favorable  indica- 
tions of  as  fine  a  show  as  on  any  other  previous  one  of  the  Society,  on  the  opening  day.  In 
stock,  the  Exhibition  bids  fair  to  be  unsurpassed — particularly  in  horses,  horned  cattle,  and 
hogs.  At  six  o'clock  last  night  every  stall  devoted  to  horned  cattle,  but  six,  were  taken,  and 
entries  were  being  made  until  a  late  hour  in  the  night. 

From  present  observations  it  seems  unlikely  that  the  exhibition  of  machinery  will  be  very 
large  The  low  stage  of  water  in  the  Ohio  will  prevent  the  shipping  of  many  of  the  more 
ponderous  kinds,  which  usually  attract  much  attention  at  the  State  Fairs.  The  lateness  of 
the  season  will  cause  a  meagre  show  in  the  floral  department;  and  in  the  horticultural  the  in- 
dications are  not  very  favorable,  as  the  inhabitants  of  this  region  are  more  particularly  noted 
for  the  raising  of  live  stock  than  for  the  culture  of  fruit.  This  delightful  climate  must,  in 
time,  make  it  as  distinguished  in  the  latter  respect  as  in  the  former,  when  public  attention  be- 
comes directed  in  that  way.  It  may  be  too  early  at  this  time  to  predicate  an  opinion  as  to  the 
genera!  success  of  the  Fair,  but  in  some  departments,  the  result  of  various  causes,  it  will  ne- 
cessarily full  short  of  its  previous  exhibitions,  while  in  others  it  will  perhaps  reach  the  average 
point  in  the  measure  of  attraction. 

The' location  of  the  Fair  at  a  point  so  distant  from  the  center  of  the  State — the  low  stage  of 
water  in  the  Ohio — the  want  of  railway  facilities — and  the  satiety,  to  which  the  public  must 
be  sensible,  after  the  St.  Louis,  Louisville,  Cincinnati,  and  the  various  local  fairs  of  the  State, 
will,  no  doubt,  derogate  to  some  extent  from  the  atti actions  of  the  Henderson  Fair,  but  will 
be  in  some  measure  counter-balanced  by  the  fact  that  its  location  for  this  year,  affords  oppor- 
tunity to  a  large  portion  of  country  south  of  this  point,  which  has  been  comparatively  cut  off 
on  previous  occasions,  as  well  as  to  a  portion  of  Iudiana,  which  lies  too  remote  from  its  capi- 
tal to  take  an  active  participation  in  the  exhibition  of  that  State.  It  may  be  safe  to  express; 
the  opinion,  at  this  early  hour,  that  in  numbers,  in  attendance,  and  in  gross  receipts,  the  Hen- 
derson Fair  is  likely  to  prove  equal  to  the  anticipations  of  its  friends.         Respectfully, 

J.  R.  S.  B. 
Fair  Ground,  Tuesday. 

1  omitted  to  mention  in  the  proper  place,  that  there  is  a  tasteful  cottage  in  the  center  of  the 
grounds,  for  the  convenience  of  ladies. 

The  supplies  of  water  are  from  cisterns  on  the  ground  and  water  tanks  supplied  from  the 
river. 

The  conveyances  from  Henderson  to  the  grounds  are  sufficient  to-day  for  the  wants  of  the 
public. 

The  New  Harmony  Band  is  engaged  for  the  occasion. 

Mr  Rice,  of  the  Commercial,  "does  the  agreeble"  to  the  Press,  which  is,  thus  far,  poorly 
represented. 

The  sale  of  cattle,  which  took  place  at  2  o'clock,  resulted  in  but  one  actual  transfer  of 
stock,  which  passed  hands  at  one  half  its  real  value. 


KENTUCKY  STATE  FAIR. 

Henderson,  October  15,  185J. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Eoansville  Journal: 

Dear  Sir:  1  he  fine  weather  of  this  morning  invited  a  large  crowd  of  people  to  the 
Fair  Ground.  The  steamers  which  came  in  during  the  night,  brought  in  visitors  from  abroad, 
while  private  conveyances  of  every  description  from  the  adjacent  country  swelled  the  number 
in  attendance  to  ten  thousand  people.  At  twelve  o'clock,  the  amphitheater  presented  a  brilliant 
and  animating  spectacle.  The  bright  faces  ot  six  thousand  ladies,  with  the  gay  colors  in  which 
they  were  dressed,  in  contrast  with  the  soberer  costume  of  the  other  sex.  rendered  the  scene 
one  of  surpassing  beauty 

This  being  "  horse  day,"  and  generally  regarded  as  the  best  in  the  course,  the  exhibition  of 
that  noble  animal  caused  an  unusal  sensation  in  the  vast  crowd.  It  is  conceded  on  all  hands, 
that  the  rin^  of  fine  stallions  for  all  work,  was  such  as  is  rarely  witnessed  on  any  similar  occa- 
sion. The  high  styles  of  all  the  animals  in  competition,  made  it  a  duty  involving  great  dis- 
crimination to  decide  upon  superior  merit.  A  brown  mare,  the  property  of  Col  Moore,  of 
Clarke  county,  and  shown  by  Col.  Kay,  an  accomplished  horseman  of  Fayette,  enlisted  the  ad- 
miration of  every  eye,  for  her  fine  shape,  power,  action,  color,  temper,  and  blood.  Though 
she  failed  to  take  the  "  blue,"  for  some  cause  known  only  to  the  awarding  committee,  she  re- 
ceived a  complimentary  prominence,  which  is  regarded  as  a  consideration  almost  equal  to  the 
fi  rst  premium. 


244  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  horse  exhibition  of  this  morning  was  in  the  highest  degree  satisfactory  to  owners  and 
Spectators.  In  this  respect  the  confession  is  without  difference  of  opinion,  that  the  Henderson 
Fair  is  equal  to  any  previous  one  held  in  the  State. 

The  mechanical  and  floral  department  have  received  accessions  since  yesterday.  Though  it 
is  generally  conceded  that  Art  Hall  falls  shortof  whit  it  should  be,  there  are  in  fie  exhibition 
many  specimens  of  handiwork  that  have  taken  exceeding  good  taste  and  the  most  elaborate 
pains  in  their  creation.  In  the  article  of  fine  quilts,  table  and  piano  covers,  in  the  qualities  of 
fabrics,  and  the  blenling  of  colors,  there  is  a  beautiful  showing;  while  in  the  exhibition  of  the 
more  useful  range  of  domestic  work  there  is  a  meager  display  inde  d. 

The  dining  time  today,  as  before,  presented  one  of  the  notable  features  of  the  occasion. 
The  invitations  have  been  widely  given  and  as  widely  accepted — and  there  has  been  a  most 
gratifying  illustration  of  that  Kentucky  hospitality  which  has  become  so  famous  the  world 
Over.  Doubtless  it  will  be  remembered  by  thousands  who  will  not  soon  forget  the  bountiful- 
Dfss  of  the  provisions — the  graciousness  with  which  they  were  offered,  and  the  universal  gaiety 
and  good  humor  which  prevailed. 

At  two  o'clock  the  sale,  as  usual,  was  well  attended.  Carriages  of  various  kinds  were  sold 
at  fair  prices,  in  view  of  the  pressure  in  monetary  affairs.     No  stock  was  offered. 

In  systematic  arrangements  of  all  the  various  departments  of  the  Henderson  Fair — and  for 
the  appointments  necessary  to  the  convenience  of  the  public  in  every  respect — great  credit  is 
due  to  the  excellent  gentlemen  who  compose  the  board  of  officers  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agri 
cultural  Society.  Mr.  Brutus  J  Clay,  the  President,  and  Mr.  Robt.  W.  Scott,  Corresponding 
Secretary,  whom  it  has  been  my  pleasure  to  know  personally,  have  given  their  undivided  at- 
tention to  the  interests  of  the  exhibition. 

At  3  o'clock  a  heavy  shower  passed  over  the  Fair  Grounds,  which  caused  a  temporory  sus- 
pension of  the  exercises  of  the  ring.  To  morrow  (Friday,)  the  order  of  exhibition  is  for 
harness  horses  and  poultry. 

On  Saturday — after  the  Fair  under  the  Society's  auspices  is  over — there  will  be  a  riding  and 
driving  for  a  prize  valued  at  $20,  for  each  performance. 


SECOND  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  KENTUCKY  STATE  FAIR. 
To  the  Editor  of  Ihe  Hopkinsville  Mercury: 

Dear  Sir:  The  largest,  mo-t  enthusiastic,  and  cheering  session  of  agriculturists  and 
mechanics  that  ever  as-embled  in  Southern  Kentucky,  has  just  adjourned,  after  a  highly  in- 
teresting sitting  of  five  days  in  this  refined,  gallant  and  hospitable  city.  The  fine  stock, 
Bplendid  horses  and  cattle,  domestic  manufactures,  farm  products,  &c.,  inspired  every  Ken 
tuckian  with  pride,  and  the  heart  whole  hospitality  and  open  welcome  with  which  the  courte 
ous  men  and  lovely  women  of  Henderson  received  all  the  visitors,  nobly  sustained  the  repu- 
tation of  the  "Old  Kentucky  homes"  for  peerless  generosity  and  liberality.  The  crowd  was 
variously  estimated  at  from  ten  to  twelve  thousand.  Indiana,  Illinois,  Tennessee,  and  other 
sister  States  all  were  well  represented.  Ex  Governor  Powell's  opening  address  was  a  mas- 
terly and  eloquent  effort,  overflowing  with  patriotism,  and  brimful  of  that  strong  practical 
sense  for  which  he  is  so  distinguished.  The  speech  was  worthy  of  the  man  and  of  the  occa- 
sion, and  was  enthusiastically  appliuded. 

The  houses  of  the  citizens  were  generally  thrown  open  to  visitors,  and  the  most  sumptuous  en- 
tertainments and  lunches  were  provided  by  private  individuals  on  the  grounds  for  all  who  choose 
to  participate.  One  gentleman  alone  entertained  three  hundred  persons  in  princely  style.  Fore 
most  among  these  hospitable  entertainers  was  that  stern  old  patriot,  Hon.  Archibild  Dixon,  of 
whose  lofty  chivalry,  gieat  talent,  and  freehearted  mini  licence,  but  one  opinion  can  be 
held,  whatever  may  be  said  of  his  political  faith.  But  were  I  to  name  all  whose  memory  is 
cherished  in  our  hearts  for  their  many  acts  of  kindness  to  us,  your  columns  would  fail  for 
want  of  space. 


From  the  Henderson  Commercial. 
The  State  Fair  which  has  just  closed  here  has  had  at  least  one  good  effect.  Much  of  the 
fine  stock  on  exhibition  during  the  past  week,  has  been  retained  in  our  midst  to  improve  that 
nf  already  have.  A.  J.  Anderson,  Esq.,  of  this  county,  the  most  extensive  cattle  breeder  in 
Southern  Kentucky,  has  purchased  the  fine  herd  of  Durhams  of  Co'.  John  H.  Mi  ore,  of  CI  like 
county — the  premium  h^rd  at  the  Fair  over  Mr.  Anderson's  own  splendid  stock.  The  cattle 
are  of  undoubted  pedigree  and  pure  blood.  Mr.  Byrd  Chambers  and  others  have  also  pur- 
chased at  the  sum  of  $"2,1101),  the  beautiful  and  splendid  stallion,  "Sir  William" — the  pre- 
mium stallion  in  the  sweepstake  riug  at  the  late  Fair,  iu  which   were   twenty  six  entries,  and 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  245 

among  thorn  the  celebrated  "Paragon  Morgan."  Fie  also  took  the  premium  in  his  own  clas9, 
and  was  awarded  with  the  second  fire  maim  at  the  last  National  Fair.  Mr.  Chambers  has  like- 
wise bought  the  celebrated  thoroughbred  mare  "Lizzie  Wolfe,"  at  the  price  of  $550.  We 
understand  that  other  gentlemen  hive  obtained  the  use  of  the  famed  "Paragon  Morgan"  for 
several  years  at  a  high  figure,  with  the  intention  of  purchasing  at  some  future  time.  Other 
purchases  have  been  made  of  other  splendid  stock  on  exhibition  here.  This  disposition  on  the 
part  of  the  above  named  gentlemen  and  others  to  improve  the  stock  of  our  county  should  meet 
with  the  encouragement  of  all  its  citizens.  We  cannot  do  too  much  in  this  way.  Upon 
such  enter  prising  gentlemen  our  agricultural  prospects  depend,  and  we  hope  to  see  them  re- 
warded. 

Mr.  Anderson  has  since  sold  the  beautiful  roan  heifer,  "Sallie  Moore,"  and  the  equally 
beautiful  cow,  "Lidy  Moreland,"  to  Messrs.  William  S.  Elam  and  William  T.  Barrett  He 
has  also  sold  to  Hon.  Archie  Dixon,  the  fine  yearling  bull,  "Tom  Bright."  Mr.  Anderson 
will  retain  "Helen  Hockaday,"  one  of  the  mo->t  beautiful  cows  we  have  ever  seen.  His  stock 
is  the  finest  in  Southern  Kentucky,  and  his  efforts  worthy  of  commendation. 

There  was  one  feature  of  the  State  Fair  which  should  have  been  mentioned  ere  this.  The 
police  arrangements  were  the  most  excellent  we  have  ever  seen — no  Fair  having  ever  been 
conducted  with  more  decorum  and  order.  This  is  in  a  great  measure  due  to  the  efficiency  of 
such  gentlemen  as  James  E.  Feagan,  William  R.  Lancaster  and  S.  S.  Vigus. 


KENTUCKY  STATE   FAIR. 

The  correspondent  of  the  Eoansville  Journal,  writing  on  October  14th,  from  Henderson, 
Ky.,  of  the  State  Fair,  says  : 

"  It  is  estimated  that  there  were  four  thousand  persons  on  the  Fair  Ground  on  Tuesd;  y. 
To  day  there  is  a  decided  increase  in  numbers,  as  well  as  interest.  The  earth  having  been 
moistened  with  rain  during  the  night,  the  travelling  is  good;  and  at  an  early  hour  in  the  morn- 
ing the  tide  of  people  turned  toward  the  Fair  Ground.  The  number  in  attendance  at  \'i  M., 
will  reach  near  or  quite  ten  thousand.  The  most  observable  feature  in  the  crowd,  is  its  or- 
derly character — in  fact,  the  entire  absence  of  that  kind  of  genteel  rowdyism  which  seems  to 
take  a  kind  of  license  on  similar  occasions.  There  is  no  drinking,  consequently  no  hallooing 
or  quarrelling  ;  nothing  to  annoy  the  most  fastidious  taste." 


From  the  Henderson  Reporter. 
KENTUCKY    STATE    FAIR. 

The  Fair  was  attended  by  a  large  number  of  people,  hailing  from  all  parts  of  Kentucky, 
and  even  from  neighboring  and  distant  States.  Everything  in  the  power  of  the  managers  and 
our  citizens  generally,  was  done  to  render  the  stay  of  the  immense  crowd  in  our  city  and  a6 
the  Fair  Grounds  comfortable  and  pleas  int.  Ou  the  Fair  Grounds  the  display  was  fine  in 
every  department,  and  from  the  first  day  to  the  last,  nothing  of  importance  occurred  to  mar 
the  general  good  will  among  competitors  and  the  people.  The  Implement  Hall  was  filled  with 
magnificent  specimens  of  horticultural  and  agricultural  machinery,  displaying  great  knowl- 
edge in  our  inventors  and  handicraft  in  our  mechanics  The  Floral  Hall,  (principally  dedi- 
cated to  the  ladies,)  was  the  mo*t  attractive  hall  on  the  spacious  grounds,  and  within  its  com- 
modious walls  was  an  exceedingly  nice  display  of  fruits,  flowers,  various  articles  of  the  skill 
of  the  ladies,  and  paintings  and  drawings  of  every  description — the  whole  pleasant  to  the 
eye  and  astonishing  to  the  mind.  The  display  of  stock  in  the  ring  was  large,  and  there  were 
many  of  the  finest  animals  on  exhibition  we  have  even  seen.  Altogether,  the  State  Fair  at 
Henderson  was  one  long  to  be  remembered,  and  highly  creditable  to  the  State. 

The  recent  Fair  was  the  most  orderly  and  quiet  we  ever  saw,  when  so  many  people  were 
collected  together.  Not  a  fight,  nor  even  a  quarrel  occurred  to  mar  the  peace  and  quietude 
that  seemed  to  reign  everywhere.  This  speaks  well  for  our  citizens  and  those  who  were  in 
atteudauce  from  a  distance. 


From  the  Fankfort  Commonwealth. 
KENTUCKY  STATE    FAIR. 
The  fair  at  Henderson  has  been  all  that  its  best  friends  could  have  expected.     On  Thursday 
last  it  was   estimated  that  there  were    6,000  ladies  in  attendance,  to  say  nothing  of  the  gentle- 
men present.     The  show  of  horse3  was  particularly  fine. 


246  REPORT  OF  THE 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Commonwealth: 

The  second  day  of  The  State  Fair  at  Henderson  is  nearly  closed,  and  all  is  pleasant  and 
Successful  thus  far. 

Of  course  neither  the  number  of  exhibitors  or  the  number  of  visitors  is  so  great  as  when 
Such  occasions  occur  near  to  large  cities,  and  on  the  line  of  railroads;  yet  the  Amphitheatre  ia 
well  filled  to  day,  and  it  is  of  the  same  size  as  that  at  Louisville. 

There  are  entries  of  stock  in  all  the  rings,  and  all  the  classes,  almost  without  exception;  and 
ihost  of  the  rings  are  well  filled  with  fine  animals,  both  of  imported  and  home  raised  stock. 

In  the  Mechanics  Hall,  two  steam  engines  give  life  and  motion  to  a  variety  of  useful  ma- 
chinery, both  for  the  farmers  and  mechanics.  Implements  of  all  kinds  are  in  abundance,  and 
rhanv  of  ihem  of  the  finest  workmanship. 

In  the  Industrial  and  Floral  Hall  there  is  also  a  good  exhibition  in  all  the  various  classes  in 
that  department,  from  a  beautiful  painting  to  a  mammoth  leaf  of  tobacco. 

Upon  the  whole  the  exhibition  and  attendance  are  b  >th  larger  and  better  than  could  reason- 
ably have  been  expected,  considering  the  low  stage  of  navigation,  and  the  remote  location  of 
the  Fair  from  the  chief  stock  raising  section  of  the  State.  The  exhibition  has  demonstrated 
that  the  stock  of  this  section  is  better  than  had  been  generally  expected,  and  that  good  stock  is 
also  more  numerous. 

In  the  main  object  of  the  Society  the  Fair  will  be  eminently  successful.  It  is  diffusing  the 
best  and  most  extensive  taste  for  improvement,  both  in  stock  and  crops,  and  thus  a  new  and 
powerful,  as  well  as  most  salutary  impulse,  will    be  given  to  Agricultural  improvement. 

Gov.  Powell,  though  quite  unwell  for  several  days  past,  could  not  be  detained  from  making 
his  address  as  announced  The  delivery  of  it  occupied  about  one  hour,  during  which  he  had 
the  careful  attention  of  all  who  could  get  in  hearing  distance.  There  is  but  one  expression  in 
regard  to  it.  It  was  a  most  able  and  instructive  address.  He  took  high  ground  for  the  utility 
and  importance  of  Agriculture;  and  for  its  improvement  and  advancement  in  Kentucky.  It 
will  be  published  in  convenient  form  for  circulation,  and  cannot  fail  to  have  a  most  salutary 
effeet  on  the  public  sentiment  and  future  prosperity  of  the  State  in  connection  with  agricul- 
tural improvement  and  education.  The  thanks  of  the  Society,  and  of  the  whole  community, 
are  justly  due  to  Gov.  Powell  for  this  great  effort  of  his  superior  talents. 

In  the  order  and  decorum  which  prevail  the  Fair  at  Henderson  exceeds  any  which  I  have  at- 
tended; and  is  excelled  by  none  in  hospitable  and  bountiful  refreshment  on  the  grounds,  and 
in  polite  and  kind  entertainment    t  the  homes  of  the  citizens. 

As  a  specification  of  the  extent  of  the  exhibition,  I  will  name  that  the  grand  cavalca  e  of 
premium  cattle,  is  just  passing  around  the  ring  at  the  close  of  the  day,  and  thirty  head  of  cat- 
tle are  in  the  procession. 

I  write  in  haste  and  in  a  crowded  hall,  and  amidst  the  din  of  mingled  voices. 

Yours,  &c.,  A  FARMER. 


From  the  Western  Recorder. 
THE  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  FATR. 

Oh  our  return  from  the  Bethel  Association,  we  passed  through  Henderson,  and  in  company 
with  our  beloved  and  venerable  friend,  Father  Bryce,  spent  a  short  time  at  the  State  Fair. 
The  display  of  stock  was  very  creditable,  although  the  low  stage  of  water  in  the  Ohio  river, 
doubtless,  prevented  the  exhibition  of  many  fine  animals  that  would  otherwise  have  been  pre- 
sent. A  very  good  displav  of  agricultural  implements  was  also  observable.  We  were  espe- 
cially pleased  with  the  specimens  of  needlework  and  embroidery  that  graced  the  ladie  a'  de- 
partment of  the  Exhibition.  In  farm  products  the  display,  though  limited  in  variety,  fr«  s,  in 
many  respects,  very  commendable.  Many  thanks  are  due  to  the  efficient  officers  of  the  Soci- 
ety, not  only  for  the  superior  character  of  the  Exhibition  as  a  whole,  but  also  for  the  good 
order  and  decorum  which  characterized  the  proceedings. 

Discreetly  managed,  we  have  do  doubt  that  such  Exhibitions  may  be  made  greatly  to  pro- 
mote the  agricultural  interests  of  our  State.  Injudiciously  conducted  they  are  sure  to  become 
fertile  sources  of  evil. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  247 


AWARDS  AT  THE  SECOND  FAIR. 


List  of  Premiums  awarded  at  the  Second  Fair  of  the  Kentucky 
State  Agricultural  Society,  held  at  Henderson,  Kentucky,  October 
13th,  14th,  15th,  16th  and  17th,  1857. 

CLASS  A.— CATTLE. 

BULLS. 

Four  years  and  upward,  three  entries,  S.  Williams,   Washington  county,  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  (Lord  Morpeth,)  pre- 
mium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson,  (Exception,)  first 
premium;   W.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson,  (Grave,)  second  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  J.  T.  Vance,  Daviess  county,  (Ducie,)  first  premium: 
S.  Eaves,  McLean  county,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year,  six  entries,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson  county,  (Fisherman,)  first  premium; 
Davidson  &  Brown,  Washington  county,  second  premium. 

COWS. 

Four  years  and  upward,  five  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson,  (Miss  Luck,)  first  pre- 
mium;  W.  S.  Eiam,  Henderson,  (MUs  Sophy,)  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  four  entries,  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Rebecca,)  first 
premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Mary,)  second  premium. 

Two  and  under  three  years,  three  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson  county,  (Red  Lady,) 
first  premium;   A.   B.Barrett,    Henderson  county,   (White,)  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years,  five  entries,  A.  B  Barrett,  Henderson  county,  (Mariam,)  first 
premium;  J.   H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,    (Lady  Jay,)  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson,  (White  Lilly,)  first  premium; 
W.  A.  Eades,  Fayette,  second  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 
Best  Bull,  eight  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson,  (Exception,)  premium. 
Best  Cow,  ten  entries,  A.  J.  Anderson,  Henderson,  (Miss  Luck,)  premium. 

HERD. 
Best  Bull  and  five   Cows,  three  entries,  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  first  premium;  A.  J 
Anderson,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

FAT  CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullo-k,  four  years  and  upwards,  two  entries,  C.  Proctor,  Henderson,  first  premium; 
H.  Basket,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

Bullock,  Free  Martin,  or  Spayed  Heifer,  three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  A.  J.  An." 
derson,  FJenderson,  premium. 

Fat  Cow,  over  four  years  old,  one  entry,  J.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  four  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  James  Alves,  Henderson,  first  premium; 
W.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,   second  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  under  four  years,  one  entry.  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 

Milch  Cow,  two  entries,  F.  Cunningham,  Henderson,  premium. 

AYSHIRE  AND  HEREFORD.— BULLS. 

Three  years  and  upwards,  two  entries,  J.  J.  Towles,  Henderson,  first  premium;  G.  M. 
Priest,    Henderson,  second  premium. 

One  year  old,  three  entries,  G.  M.  Priest,  Henderson,  first  premium:  D.  Banks,  Henderson, 
second  premium. 

COWS. 

Three  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  J.  J.  Towles,  Henderson,  first  premium;  J.  W. 
Alves,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

One  year  old,  five  entries,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  first  preminm;  G.  M.  Priest,  Hender- 
son, second  premium. 


248  REPORT  OF  THE 

CLASS  B.— SHEEP. 

LONG  WOOL.— BUCK. 

Over  two  years  old,  three  entries,  W.  A.  Eades,  Fayette  county,  first  premium;  W.  S. 
Elam,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 

Under  two  years  old,  two  entries,  VV.  Soaper,  Henderson  county,  first  premium;  W.  A. 
Eades,  Fayette  county,  second  premium. 

EWE. 
Under  two  years,  one  entry,  W.  A.  Soaper,  Henderson,  premium. 
Five  Fat  Sheep,  one  entry,  S.  Williams,  Henderson,  premium. 

MIDDLE  WOOL  SHEEP— BUCK. 
Over  two  years  old,  five  entries,  W.  A.  Eades,   Fayette  county,  first   premium  ;  A.  B.  Bar- 
rett, Henderson,  second  premium. 

Under  two  years  old,  three  entries,  W.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium. 

EWE. 
Over  two  years  old,  three  entries,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  first  and  second  premiums. 
Under  two  years  old,  five  entries,  W.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium. 


CLASS  C.— HOGS. 
BOARS. 

Over  two  years,  three  entries,  J.  Funk,  Henderson,  first  premium  ;   E.  P.  Green,   Hopkins 
county,  second  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  W.    T.  Barrett,    Henderson,   first  premium;  W.   S. 
Elam,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

Six  months  old,  two  entries,  G.  S.  Roberts,   Henderson,  first  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,  Hen- 
derson, second  premium. 

SOWS. 

Over  two  years  old,  one  entry,  J.  Rudy,  flenderson,  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years,  three  entries,  W.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson,  first  and  second  pre- 
miums. 

Six  months,  one  entry,  W.  S.  Elam,  Flenderson,  premium. 

Pair  Pijrs,  two  entries,  J.  W.  Alves,  Henderson,  first  premium;  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  se- 
cond premium. 

Five  lat  Hogs,  one  entry,  C.  Sixty,  Henderson,  premium. 


CLASS  D.— THOROUGH  BRED  HORSES. 

STALLIONS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  G.  S.  Phillips,  Daviess  county,  (Zinginnee,)  first 
premium  ;  C.  Burnett,  Indiana,  (Rover,)  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  one  entrj,  George  Payne,  Union  county,  (Lecompte,)  premium. 

MARES. 

Four  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  W,  Lockett,  Henderson  county,  (Red  Rose,)  first 
premium;  E.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  (Queen,)  second  premium. 

Three  year3  and  under  four,  two  entries,  W.  J.  Payne,  Union  county,  (Brown  Kitty,)  first 
premium;   W.  Mountcastle,  Bourbon  county,  (Deliver,)  second  premium. 

Under  one  year,  two  entries,  E.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  (Twilight,)  first  premium  ;  J. 
G.  Burnett,  Posey  county,  Indiana,  second  premium. 

DRAFT  HORSES.— STALLIONS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  one  entry,  T.  S.  Phillips,  Daviess  county,  (Hoozier  Boy,)  pre- 
mium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge  county,  first  pre- 
mium ;  F.  W.  Posey,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 
Under  one  year  old,  one  entry,  J.  M.  Taylor,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  249 

MARES. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  F.  Cunningham,  Henderson  county,  (Rose,)  first 
premium;   VV.  T.  Marshall,  Henderson  county,  (Queen,)  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  four  entries,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge  county,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  B.  Chambers,  Heuderson  county,  first  premium  ;  J. 
D.  Hatchett,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  one  entry;  F.  Cunningham,  (Anna,)  first  premium. 

FINE  HORSES  FOR  ALL  WORK.— STALLIONS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  seven  entries,  D.  J.  Smith;  Clarke  county,  (Sir  William,)  first 
premium;   George  Payne,  Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

Three  and  under  four  years,  one  entry,  F.  M.  Hewitt,  Daviess  county,  (Black,)  second  pre- 
mium. 

Two  and  under  three  years,  sis  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  (Scott  Morgan,)  first 
premium;  G.  Lilly,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years,  one  entry,  G.  B.  Marshall,  Henderson  county,  first  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  B.  S.  Gibson,  Henderson  county,  second  premium;  B. 
Chambers,  Henderson  county,  first  premium. 

MARES. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  G  S.  Phillips,  Daviess  county,  (Mary  Murray,)  first 
premium;  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Rowena,)  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  G.  Payne,  Union  county,  (Sally  Morgan,)  first  pre- 
mium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  first  premium;  W.  B. 
McLean,  Ohio  county,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years,  five  entries,  Geo.  Payne,  Union  county,  (Red  Bird,)  first  premium; 
J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Belle.)  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  B.  F.  Gibson,  Henderson  county,  first  premium. 

HARNESS  HORSES.— STALLIONS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  J.  W.  Bailey,  New  Hampshire,  (Paragon  Morgan,)  first 
premium;  G.  IV .  Lee,  Daviess  county,  (Bute,)  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  (Morgan  Prince,)  pre- 
mium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  couuty,  first  and  second  pre- 
miums. 

One  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Membrino  Chief,  Jr.,) 
first  premium;  J.  W.  Onan,  Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  W.  J.  Marshall,  Henderson  county,  premium. 

MARES. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  four  entries,  E  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  (Mary,)  first  premium; 
H.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  (Julia  Morgan.)  first 
premium;  G.  Payne,  Union  county,  (Mary,)  second  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county, first  premium;  W.  H. 
Norton,  Jefferson  county,  second  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  G.  Payne,  Union  county,  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  T.  M.  Hewitt,  Daviess  county,  first  premium;  F.C.Denton, 
Henderson  county,  second  premium. 

GELDINGS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  eleven  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jefferson  county,  first  premium;  J.  S. 
Gavitt,  Evansville,  Ind  ,  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  J.  F.  Johnson,  Union  county,  first  premium;  J.  B. 
Drewry,  Union  county,  second  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  J.  M.  Willitt,  Union  county,  first  premium;  A.  W. 
Haskins,  Union  county,  second  premium, 

MATCHES. 

Pair  of  Match  Horses,  seven  entries,  W.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,  first  premium;  Adams  & 
Miller,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

Pair  of  Match  Mares,  twelve  entries,  W.  E.  Milton,  Louisville,  (Sophy  Ranney  and  Addie 
Martin,)  premium. 


250  REPORT  OF  THE 

SADDLE  HORSES. -STALLIONS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  three  entries,  J.  S.  Jack=on,  Christian  county,  (Rocky  Mountain,) 
first  premium;   H.  W.  Norton,  Jefferson  county,  (Billie,)  second  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  J.  S.  Haydon,  Jefferson  county,  premium. 

MARES. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  seven  entries,  C.  L.  Phillips,  Daviess  county,  (Mary,)  first  premium  ; 
G.  Payne,  Union  county,  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge  county,  first  premi- 
um;  Ft.  S.  Price,  Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  R.  H.  Alves,  Henderson  county,  premium. 

One  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  W.  Woods,  Jefferson  county,  premium. 

GELDINGS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  W.  S.  Stone,  Ohio  county,  first  premium;  G.  S.  Gavitt, 
Evansville,  Ind.,  second  premium. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  G.  Payne,  Union  county,  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Dr.  Boadnax,  Oldham  countv,  first  premium;  H. 
Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallions,  twenty  four  entries,  J.  D.  Smith,  Clarke  county,  (Sir  William,)  premium;  J.  H- 
Moore,  Clarke  county,  certificate. 

Mares,  twenty  four  entries,  J.  H.  Moore,  Clarke  county,  (Lizzie,)  premium;  W.  E.  Milton, 
Louisville,  certificate. 


CLASS  E.— MULES. 

HORSE  MULES. 

Three  years  and- upwards,  three  entries,  Mountcastle  &  Co.,  Bourbon  county,  first  and  second 
premiums. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  J.  Funk,  Henderson  county,  first  premium;  Mount- 
castle &  Co  ,  Bourbon,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years,  two  entries,  S.  Eaves,  McLean  county,  first  premium;  A.  Bould, 
Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  J.  S.  Langley,  Daviess  county,  first  premium;  S.  A.  Eades, 
Daviess  county,  second  premium. 

MARE  MULES. 

Three  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  E.  S.  Davidson,  Springfield,  first  and  second  pre- 
miums. 

Two  and  under  three  years,  three  entries,  Mountcastle  &.  Co.,  Bourbon,  first  and  second 
premiums 

One  and  under  two  years,  two  entries,  J.  S.  McCormack,  Henderson,  first  premium;  John 
Walden,  Henderson,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  two  entries.  R.  H.  Hancoah,  Union  county,  first  premium;  J.  G.  Lang- 
ley,  Union  county,  second  premium. 

Best  five  mules,  two  years,  one  entry,  Mountcastle  &  Co.,  Bourbon  county,  premium. 

Best  pair  btoke  Mules,  three  entries,  S.  W.  Langley,  Henderson  county,  first  premium;  J. 
Funk,  Henderson,  second  premium. 


CLASS  F.— ASSES. 

JACKS. 

Four  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  N.  Devine,  Shelby  county,  first  premium;  W.  C. 
Demmitt,  Hopkins  county,  second  premium. 

Three  and  under  four  years  old,  two  entries,  H.  W.  McNary,  Hopkins  county,  first  pre- 
mium; N.  Devine,  Shelby  county,  second  premium. 

Two  and  under  three  years  old,  two  entries,  N.  Devine,  Shelby  county,  first  premium;  J.  R. 
Woodward,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two  years  old,  tw-o  entries,  W.  C.  Demmitt,  Hopkins  county,  first  premium; 
B.  F.  Gibson,  Henderson  county,  second  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  251 

JENNETS. 

Two  }-ears  and  under  three,  two    entries,  William  Lockett,  Henderson  county,  second  pre- 
mium. 

One  year  aud  under  two,  one  entry,  William  Lockett,  Henderson  county,  first  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKE  JACKS. 
Seven  entries,  W.  C.  Demmitt,  Hopkins  county,  second  premium. 


CLASS  G.— POULTRY. 

Cochin  China  Chickens,  one  entry,  T.  Lockett,  Henderson  county,  premium. 
Brahma  Chickens,  five  entries,  G.  L.  Roberts,  Henderson  county,  premium. 
Game  Chickens,  one  entry,  W.  T.  Barrett,  Henderson  county,  premium. 
Variety  Chickens,  two  entries,  W.  P.  Smith,  Henderson  county,  premium. 
Pair  Turkeys,  one  entry,  W.  P.  Smith,  Henderson  county,  premium. 


CLASS  H. 

CARRIAGES  AND  BUGGIES. 

Open  Carriage,  two  horses,  five  entries,  Serverson  &  Johnson,  Louisville,  premium. 
Open  Carriage,  one  horse,  three  entries,   Serverson  &  Johnson,  Louisville,  premium. 
Buggy,  nine  entries,  John  South,  Henderson,  premium. 
Single  set  Harness,  one  entry,  D.  P.  Lockett,  Henderson,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 

Portable  Steam  Engine,  two  entries,  J.  Lame,  Henderson  county,  premium. 

Reaping  Machine,  one  entry,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  Louisville,  premium. 

Threshing  Machine,  one  entry.  Bate,  Lambert  &  Co.,   Henderson,  premium. 

Horse  Power,  one  entry,  Bate,  Lambert.  &  Co  ,   Henderson,  premium. 

Corn  Crusher,  three  entries,  Hedges,  Fiee  &  Co.,  Cincinnati,  premium. 

Corn  Sheller,  three  entries,  J.  Latne,  Henderson,  premium. 

Wheat  Fan,  three  entries,  J-   McKim,  Henderson,  premium. 

Straw  Cutter,  three  entries,  Peter  &    Buchanan,  Louisville,  premium. 

Dynamometer,  one  entry,  D.  Warren  &  Co.,  Indiana,  premium. 

Four  Horse  Wagon,  one  entry,  J.  H.  Lambert,  Henderson,  premium. 

Two  Horse  Wagon,  one  entry,  J.  H.  Lambert,  Henderson,  premium. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  sod,  five  entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  Shelby  county,  premium. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  stubble,  three   entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  Shelby  county,  premium. 

One  Horse  Plow,  five  entries,  Allen   &  Bell,   Henderson,  premium. 

Cultivator,  six  entries,  Allen  &  Bell,   Henderson,  premium. 

Hay  Rake,  two  entries,  Allen  &  Bell,  Henderson,  premium. 

Cider  Press,  three  entries,  J.  Kendenkerger,  Ohio,  premium. 

Set  of  Edge  Tools,  two  entries,  Bite,  Lambert,  &  Co.,  Henderson,  premium. 

Set  of  Planes,  two  entries,  G.  A.  Mayo  &  Son,  Henderson,  premium. 

Refrigerator,  two  entries,  Allen   &  Bell,  Henderson,  premium. 

Water  Cooler,  two  en'ries,  Ladd,  Jenkins,  &  Co.,  Henderson,  premium. 

Churn,  two  entries,  Allen  &,  Bell,  Henderson,  premium. 

Tin  Ware,  two  entries,  Ladd,  Jenkins  &.  Co.,  Henderson,  premium. 

Book  Binding,  two  entries,  StuI  Everhart,   Henderson,    premium. 

Cooking  Range  or  Stove,  two  entries,  Ladd,  Jenkins,  &  Co.,  Henderson,  premium. 

Parlor  Stove,  one  entry,  Ladd,   Jenkins,  &   Co.,    Henderson,  premium. 

Gnn — Rifle,  one  entry,  W.  S.  Holloway  &  Co.,  Henderson,  premium. 

HATS,  CAPS,  &c. 
Silk  Hat,  one  entry,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Wool  Hat,  one  entry,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Fancy  Hat,  one  entry,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Men's  Boots,  one  entry,  W.  J    Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Coarse  Boots,  one  entry,  W    J.   Dallam,   Henderson,  premium. 
Men's  Shoes,  one  entry,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Coarse  Shoes,  one  entry,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 


252  REPORT  OF  THE 

CLASS  I. 

DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURE  OF  WOOL. 
Fine  home  made  Jeans,  two  entries,  H.  S.  Fowley,  Union  county,  premium. 
Fine  factory  made  Jeans,  two  enties,  W.  J.  Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Fine  home  made  negro  Jeans,  two  entries,  VV.  J    Dallam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Fulled  Cloth,  one  enry,  VV.  S.  Hollowav,  Henderson,  premium. 
Home  made  White  Linsey,  one  entry,  Mrs.  VV.  B.  Woodruff,  fLnderson,  premium. 
Plaid  Linsey,  factory  made,  three  entries,  W.  S    Hollowav,  premium. 
Factory  made  Flannel,  four  entries,  F.  D.  Hart,  Henderson,  premium. 
Pair  Blankets,  factory  made,  three  entries,  Mrs.  E.  W.  Scott,  Franklin,  premium. 
Bed  Spread  or  Coverlet,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Lucy  Snead,  premium. 
Hearth  Bug,  home  made,  two  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Woolen  Half  Hose,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,  premium. 

DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURE  OF  COTTON  AND  SILK. 

Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  striped,  one  entry,  S.  Erdes,  McLean  county,  premium. 

White  Cotton  Counterpane,  five  entries,  Mrs.  M.  S.  Randolph,  Henderson  county,  premium. 

NEEDLE  WORK. 
Silk  Quilt,  patch  work,  six  entries,  Miss  Coolridge,  Nelson,  premium. 
Silk  Comfort,  one  entry,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Mayo,  Rnmsey,  premium. 
Worsted  Quilt,  patchwork,  two  entries,  Mrs.  M.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 
Worsted  Comfort,  one  entry,  Mrs    B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Calico  Quilt,  patch  work,  eight  entries,  W.  A.  Pulliam,  Lexington,  premium. 
White  Quilt,  solid  work,  four  entries,  Miss  Mary   Henderson,  Henderson,  premium. 
Knit  Counterpane,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Newton,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Jeans  Coat,  one  entry,  Mrs.  J.  Moorman,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Vest,  two  entries,  Mrs.  R.  Ewing,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Cotton  Shirt,  one  entry,  Mrs.  R.  Ewing,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Fancy  Bonnet,  two  entries,  Mrs   C.  C.  Henson,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Silk  Embroidery,  four  entries,  Mrs   B   J.  Clay,  Bouroon,  premium. 
Silk  Embroidery,  in  colors,  one  entry,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Worsted  Embroidery,  seven  entries,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Thread  Embroidery,  seven  entries,  Miss  Coolridge,  premium. 
Silk  Ei  broidery,  in  one  color,  two  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Cotton  English  Work,  six  entries,  Mrs.  J.  McComb,  Henderson,  premium. 
Knit  Chair  Tidy,  two  entries,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 
Sewing  .Machine,  two  entries,  Allen  &  Bell,  Henderson,  premium. 
Worsted  Embroidery,  two  entries,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon,  premium. 


CLASS  J. 


PAINTINGS  AND  FINE  ARTS. 
Best  specimen  of  Animal  Painting,  two  entries.  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  premium. 
Landscape,  four  entries,  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  premium. 

Landscape,  in  water  color,  three  entries,  Miss  Thompson,  Clarke  county,  premium. 
Fruit  Painting,  one  entry,  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  premium. 
Flower  Painting,  four  entries,  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  pi  eminm. 
Fancy  Painting,  four  entries,  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  premium. 
Grecian  Painting,  four  entries,  Miss  Rebecca  E   Scott,  Franklin  county,  premium. 
Monchromatic  Painting,  two  entries,  E.  Rumsey,  Henderson,  premium. 
Crayon  Painting,  four  entries,  Mrs   M    A.  Towles,  Heuderson,  premium. 
India  Ink  Drawing,  one  entrv,  Miss  Louck,  Henderson,  premium. 
Leather  Work,  one  entry,  Miss  Fuller,  Henderson,  premium. 
Pencil  Drawing,  six  entries,  Miss  Louck,  Henderson,  premium. 
Deguerreotypes,  seven  entries,  Mrs    Powell,  Henderson,  premium. 
Ambrotypes,  one  entry,  W.  A.  McGill,  Louisville,  premium. 
Photographs,  two  entries,  S.  J.  Wooley,  Henderson,  premium. 
Design  for  Dairy  House,  one  entry,  Dr.  J.  S.  Seaton,  Jefferson  county,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  253 

CLASS  K.— PRODUCTS  OF  THE  SOIL. 

GRAINS. 
Wheat,  one  bushel,  three  entries,  R.  S.  Price,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Rve,  one  bushel,  three  entries,  J.  J    Towles,  Henderson,  premium. 
B.iriey,  one  bushel,  one  entry,  VV.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Back  Wheat,  one  entry,  J-  J-  Towles,  Henderson,  premium. 
50  e^rs  Corn  for  bread,  eight  entries,  J.  S.  McGofmiek,  Henderson,  premium. 
50  ears  Corn  for  stock,  six  entries,  W.  J    Barrett,  Henderson,  premium. 
One  bushel  Timothy  Seed,  one  entry,  Allen  &  Bell,  Henderson,  premium. 
Pumpkins,  four  entries,  John  E.  McCallister,  Henderson,  premium. 

GARDEN. 
Irish  Potatoes,  one  bushel,  four  entries,  G.  N.  Proctor,  Union  county,  premium. 
Best  variety  Irish  Potatoes,  four  entries,  J.  Funk,  Henderson,  premium. 
Sweet  Potatoes,  three  entries,  E.   Hilderbunt,  Henderson,  premium. 
Six  heads  Cabbage,  one  entry,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Tomatoes,  one  entry,  VV.  B.  Woodruff,  Jr.,  Henderson,  premium. 
Celerv,  one  entry,  W.  B    Woodruff,  Jr..  Henderson,  premium. 
Turnips  for  table,  two  entries,  W.  B.  Woodruff,  Jr.,  Henderson,  premium 
Onions,  one  peck,  five  entries,  Mrs.  E   T.  Hart,  Henderson,  premium. 
Carrots,  one  peck,  one  entry,  W.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,  premium. 
Beets  for  Table,  lour  entries,  George  Black,  Henderson,  premium. 
Lima  Beans,  two  entries,  G.  L.  Roberts,  Henderson,  premium. 
Bunch  Beans,  two  entries,  W.  B.  Wroodruff.  Henderson,  premium. 

ORCHARD. 
Fall  Apples,  two  entries,  R.  H.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 
Winter  Apples,  four  entries,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Variety  of  Apples,  two  entries,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Best  Apples,  one  entry,  R.  11.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 
Largest  Apples,  one  entry,  R.  H.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 
Free  stone  Peaches,  one  entry,  VV.  B   Woodruff,  Henderson,  premium. 
Quinces,  one  dozen,  one  entry,  W.  T.  Randolph,  Henderson,  premium, 


CLASS  L  —FAMILY  PRODUCTS. 

DAIRY. 

Five  pounds  Butter,  three  entries,  Miss  Nancy  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 

Honey,  one  entry,  J.  C.  Stapp,  Henderson,  premium. 

Jellies,  three  kinds,  three  entries,  Miss  M.  E.  Sublett,  Henderson,  premium, 

PANTRY. 
Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  two  entries,  Mrs.  R.  H.  Alves,  Henderson,  premium. 
Two  Hams,  one  entry,  Mrs.  E   Starling,  Henderson,  premium. 
Lard,  three  entries,  Mrs.  E.    I'.  Cheaten,  Henderson,  premium. 
Kentucky  Wines,  six  bottles,  two  entries,  W.  S    Flam,  Henderson,  premium,. 
Cider,  one  entry,  J.  J.  Towles,  Henderson,  premium. 

TOBACCO. 
Leaf,  sample,  ten  entries,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Leaf,  shipping,  sixteen  entries,  VV.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Leaf,  cigar,  five  entries,  W.  S.  Elam,  Henderson,  premium. 
Leaf,  manufacturing,  nine  entries,  F.  J.  Lockett,  Henderson,  premium. 


CLASS  M.— AGRICULTURAL  LITERATURE, 

ESSAYS, 
On  Corn,  as  a  Staple,  Dr.  J.  T.  Seaton,  Jefferson  county,  Ky.,  premium. 
On  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  Mrs   M.  J.  Daviess,  Harrodsburg,  Ky.,  premium. 
On  Cultivation  of  Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees,  J.  N.  Withers,  Danville,  Ky.,  premium. 
On  Breeding  Stock,  F.  J.  Flauuagan,  Lexington,  Ky.,  premium. 


254  REPORT  OF  THE 


HON.  L.  W.  POWELL'S  ADDRESS. 


CORRESPONDENCE. 

Henderson,  Ky.,  October  18th,  1857. 
Hon.  L.  W.  Powell  : 

Dear  Sir — We  have  the  honor  herewith  to  present  to  you  a  copy  of  the  proceedings 
of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  requesting  a  copy  of 
your  address  for  publication;  and  your  kind  compliance  will  oblige, 

Most  respectfully,  &c.  LUCIUS  DESHA, 

ROBERT  W. SCOTT. 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  at 
Henderson,  on  the  15th  of  October,  1857,  the  following  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopt- 
ed, viz  : 

Resnloed,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Society  be  presented  to  Ex  Governor  L.  W.  Powell,  for 
his  most  able  and  excellent  address,  delivered  at  the  State  Fair  at  Henderson,  on  the  14th  inst., 
and  that  he  be  requested  to  furnish  a  copy  thereof  for  public  ition  in  a  extra  number  of  the 
Western  Farm  Journal,  and  also  in  the  Annual  Report,  of  this  Society. 

Resolved,  That  the  Hon.  Lucius  Desha  and  Robert  W.  Scott,  Esq  ,  be  a  committee  to  pre- 
sent a  copy  of  this  resolution  to  Ex  Governor  Powell,  and  to  carry  the  same  into  effect. 

B.  J.  CLAY,  President. 

Attest :  Robert  W.  Scott,  Secretary. 


Henderson,  Ky.,  October  18th,  1857. 

Gentlemen  :  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  note  of  this  date,  cover- 
ing the  proceedings  and  resolutions  of  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society,  held  at  this  place  on  the  15th  inst.,  requesting  a  copy  of  the  address  delivered 
by  me  on  the  14th  inst,.,  before  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society.  I  herewith  hand  you 
a  copy  of  the  address.  Be  kind  enough  to  present  to  the  Society  my  warmest  acknowledg- 
ments for  the  very  complimentary  terms  in  which  they  have  chosen  to  speak  of  the  address 
and  accept  for  yourselves  my  kindest  regards.  Truly  your  friend, 

L.  W.  POWELL. 

Gen.  Lucius  Desha. 


Robert  W.  Scott, 


Committee. 


ST.VTE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  255 


HON.  L.  W.    POWELL'S   ADDRESS. 


At  the  request  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society  I  appear  before  you  for  the 
purpose  of  delivering  the  annual  address.  I  am  confident  that  the  interest  of  the 
Society  would  have  been  promoted  if  one  more  thoroughly  acquainted  'with  its 
vast  interests  had  been  selected  to  perform  this  task. 

We  have  met  under  auspicious  circumstances.  The  State  though  late,  has  lent 
its  direct  aid — I  regret  to  say,  meager  aid — to  the  encouragement  of  this  great 
interest. 

In  1853,  as  Executive  of  the  State,  I  recommended  to  the  Legislature  of  Ken- 
tucky that  they  should  aid  and  encourage  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  in- 
terests of  the  commonwealth,  by  passing  a  law  making  an  appropriation  for  the 
purpose  of  fostering  these  interests,  and  enabling  the  Agricultural  Societies  to 
offer  more  liberal  premiums.  The  Legislature  failed  to  pass  such  a  law  as  I  de- 
sired. At  the  succeeding  session  of  the  Legislature  my  successor  renewed  the 
recommendation,  and  the  Legislature  passed  the  law  under  which  the  Society  is 
organized.  Under  the  provisions  of  the  law  the  Society  holds  annual  meetings; 
and  it  requires  that  the  meetings  be  held  one  year  north  of  the  Kentucky  river; 
one  year  between  the  Kentucky  and  Green  rivers;  and  one  year  south  of  the 
Green  river;  thus  giving1  each  great  geographical  division  of  the  State,  once  in 
three  years,  the  more  immediate  benefits  arising  from  the  Society.  The  first  an- 
nual exhibition  of  the  State  Society  was  held  north  of  the  Kentucky  river.  In 
order  to  pay  a  just  and  merited  compliment  to  the  county  of  Bourbon — which 
county  has  the  oldest  agricultural  society  in  the  west — the  Society  very  properly 
determined  to  hold  its  first  annual  exhibition  at  the  grounds  of  the  Bourbon 
County  Society.  They  resolved  to  have  the  second  annual  meeting  south  of  the 
Green  river,  and  we  this  day  witness  its  second  annual  exhibition. 

Every  citizen  of  the  Commonwealth,  with  whom  I  have  conversed,  seemed  de- 
lighted that  the  State  had  taken  direct  interest  in  this  subject;  all  classes  of  our 
people  have  united  in  their  approval  of  the  encouragement  given  by  the  State  to 
this  great  interest  of  the  people.  We  owe  much  to  the  enlightened  gentlemen  of 
the  press  of  the  State,  who  have,  without  an  exception,  given  us  their  potent  aid 
and  influence.  The  farmers  are  by  far  the  most  numerous  class  of  our  people; 
they  pay  into  the  Treasury  about  two-thirds  of  the  State  revenue;  and  I  hnve 
been  amazed  that  something  had  not  been  before  done  to  aid,  encourage,  and  el- 
evate mechanical  and  agricultural  labor.  Almost  every  State  in  the  Union  has, 
by  direct  legislation,  stimulated  and  fostered  agricultural  and  mechanical  indus- 
try, and  thus  increased  the  mechanical  and  agricultural  wealth  of  the  country, 
and  added  to  the  general  prosperity.  The  labors  of  this  Society,  so  far,  have 
been  crowned  with  eminent  success.  The  most  practical,  eminent,  and  scientific 
farmers  of  Kentucky  are  engaged  in  its  management;  and  our  citizens,  of  every 
class  and  vocation,  have  exhibited  their  deep  interest  in  the  enterprize,  by  the 
liberality  and  zeal  with  which  they  have  sustained  it.  We  are  encouraged  and 
cheered  by  the  presence  of  the  ladies;  we  have  witnessed,  with  unmixed  pleas- 
ure, the  beautiful  creations  of  their  handiwork,  and  their  skill  in  the  dairy  and 
household  arts;  we  cannot  succeed  without  the  influence  of  woman.  The  wise 
man  says:  "Lord  help,  for  the  godly  man  ceaseth;"  but  there  is  not  a  passage  in 
the  Bible  which  snys  the  godly  woman  ever  ceaseth  or  faileth! 

The  object  of  this  society  is  to  "promote,  encourage,  and  stimlate  the  Agri- 
cultural and  Mechanical  interests  of  the    Commonwealth."     The  subject   is  one 


25G  REPORT  OF  THE 

vast  in  extent,  embracing  the  most  scientific  application  of  labor  to  the  many  and 
varied  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  pursuits.  The  object  of  every  well  regula- 
ted government  should  be,  to  shape  its  policy  so  as  to  educate  and  encourage  the 
people  in  the  application  of  their  labor,  in  such  manner  as  to  produce  the  great- 
est amount  of  products  necessary  for  the  sub.-istence  and  comfort  of  man,  with 
the  smallest  amount  of  labor,    and  the  least  deterioration  of  the  soil. 

The  agriculture  of  the  world  is  by  far  its  greatest  and  most  important  interest; 
all  are  dependent  upon  it  for  food  and  clothing — the  necessaries,  comforts  and 
luxuries  of  life.  If  the  fields,  for  a  single  season,  were  to  fail  to  give  their  fruits 
to  the  husbandman,  all  the  industrial  pursuits  would  languish  and  perish.  The 
strong  arm  of  the  mechanic  would  be  powerless;  the  soldier  would  be  unable  to 
wield  his  sword;  ships  would  lie  idle  at  their  moorings;  commerce  would  cease; 
the  looms  of  the  factories  would  be  idle  for  want  of  material;  gloom,  misery, 
and  starvation  would  rest  upon  the  earth.  Let  there  be  but  a  partial  failure  of 
the  prominent  crop  for  but  a  single  season,  on  but  a  small  portion  of  the  earth's 
surface,  and  want,  sufferino-  and  starvation,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  ensues,  as 
was  strikingly  witnessed  upon  the  failure  of  the  potato  crop  in  Ireland  a  few 
years  since.  Need  1  suggest  another  idea  to  prove,  that  of  all  pursuits  it  should 
be  most  fostered  and  cared  for  by  all  wise  and  patriotic  men. 

The  subject  is  one  of  such  magnitude  that  it  cannot  be  treated  in  an  address 
like  this,  <  xcept  in  the  most  general  manner.  An}'  one  of  many  branches  of  this 
subject,  if  elaborate])7  treated,  would  consume  more  time  than  should  be  devoted 
to  this  address.  The  grasses,  the  cereals,  the  soils,  agricultural  implements,  the 
managament  and  breeding  of  neat  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  or  horses,  each  would 
afford  abundant  matter  for  an  address.  I  will  leave  these  special  subjects  to  be 
treated  by  the  able,  scientific  and  practical  gentlemen  who  make  contributions  in 
the  shape  of  essays,  and  confine  my  remarks  to  the  importance  of  agriculture, 
and  the  benefit  it  confers  upon  individuals,  states,  and  nations. 

Agriculture  is  the  pioneer  of  the  arts  and  sciences.  As  soon  as  cultivation 
commences,  the  surface  of  the  earth  is  divided  among  the  cultivators,  hence  the 
origin  of  property  in  lands;  the  crops  of  the  cultivator  being  confined  to  a  local- 
ity, gives  him  a  fixed  home,  and  causes  multitudes  to  unite  in  the  defense  of 
their  possessions;  this  is  the  origin  of  "towns,  cites,  nations,  and  reffular'fifovem- 
ments."  The  necessity  for  clothing,  houses,  implements  for  tillage,  and  wea- 
pons for  defense,  gave  use  to  the  mechanics  arts  and  to  manufactures.  "The 
necessity  of  knowing,  with  accuracy,  the  returns  of  the  seasons,  caused  the  no- 
tice of  the  revolutions  of  the  heavenly  bodies,  and  out  of  this  grew  astronomy." 
The  exchanges  of  surplus  products  gave  rise  to  commerce  and  navigation.  I 
hold  it  to  be'  an  incontrovertible  truth,  that  no  nation  ever  became  civilized  and 
refined,  or  rose  to  power,  dignity,  and  greatness,  or  made  any  considerable  ad- 
vance in  the  arts  and  sciences,  without  having  fostered  and  promoted  its  agricul- 
ture. A  mere  glance  at  the  history  of  the  nations  of  the  earth  will  satisfy  all  of 
the  truth  of  this  proposition. 

In  investig-tting  the  agricultural  condition  of  the  ancients,  and  indeed  nations 
of  more  modern  times,  it  is  deeply  to  be  regretted  that  historians  have  given  us 
so  little  accurate  agricultural  information;  their  chief  employment  has  been  the 
recording  of  great  events — the  achievements  of  soldiers  and  statesmen.  They 
have  given  us  detailed  accounts  of  empires  lost  and  won,  of  battles  fought,  cities 
sacked,  throats  cut,  and  the  brilliant  achievements  of  soldiers,  kings,  politicians 
and  poets;  whilst  they  have,  to  a  very  great  extent,  neglected  the  arts  of  peace, 
upon  which  the  honor,  dignity,  civilization  and  refinement  of  a  nation  depend. 
The  sword  often  conquors  the  land,  but  it  is  left  to  agricultural  and  mechanical 
labor  to  render  it  tit  for  the  habitation  of  civilized  men. 

Agriculture  is  the  most  ancient,  as  well  as  the  most  necessary,  of  all  pursuits. 
We  lead  in  Genesis,  upon  the  creatiou  of  man,  "that  the  Lord  took  the  man  and 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  257 

put  him  into  the  garden  of  Eden,  to  dress  it,  and  to  keep  it."  After  the  trans- 
gression the  Lord  sent  him  forth  "to  till  the  ground  from  whence  he  was  taken." 
"In  ihe  sweat  of  thy  face  shait  thou  eat  bread."  Thus  we  see  the  first  of  our 
race  was  devoted  to  agriculture. 

Noah,  the  second  representative  of  our  race,  was  an  agriculturist.  In  sacred 
writ  he  is  called  a  husbandman,  or,  as  the  margin  of  our  Bible  has  it,  "a  man 
of  the  ground,"  on  account  of  his  inventions  for  making  the  earth  more  tractable 
and  fruitful.  After  the  deluge  God  said  "I  will  not  again  curse  the  ground  any 
more  for  man's  sake."  "While  the  earth  remaineth  seed  time  and  harvest  shall 
not  cease." 

Moses,  the  great  lawgiver  of  the  Jews,  laid  the  foundation  of  his  polity  in  the 
cultivation  of  the  earth.  All  his  statutes  were  directly  calculated  to  obstruct 
commerce,  and  encourage  agriculture.  That  every  Israelite  should  possess  an 
inheritance  in  land  was  a  fundamental  law.  Everything  else  he  might  part  with, 
but  his  land  could  not  be  entirely  alienated.  Every  jubilee  it  returned  ao-ain  to 
the  original  owner.  By  being  prohibited  to  take  any  interest  from  their  breth- 
ren for  the  use  of  money,  and  the  strict  injunction  laid  upon  them  by  Jehovah 
with  respect  to  their  dealings  and  commerce  with  foreigners,  the  Jews  were  de- 
prived so  much,  of  the  ordinary  advantages  of  trade,  that  they  were  almost 
obliged  to  procure  their  living  from  the  fruits  and  produce  of  the  earth,  the  im- 
provement of  which  constituted  their  chief  care.  To  them  we  are  indebted  for 
the  invention  of  the  plow — the  earliest  mention  of  which  is  in  the  book  of  Deute- 
ronomy, (22nd  chapter,  I Oth  verse.)  In  following  their  history  we  find  all  the 
leading  characters  were  tillers  of  the  ground:  Moses  was  a  shepherd;  Gideon  was 
taken  from  his  threshing  floor,  and  Elisha  from  the  plow.  From  the  rural  econ- 
omy of  the  Jews,  the  sacred  writers  derive  their  most  beautiful  images.  And,  as 
the  same  pursuits  were  cherished  and  followed  by  the  Jews,  during  the  manifes- 
tation of  our  Redeemer,  the  apt  similitudes  and  beautiful  figures  which  he  used 
were  naturally  drawn  from  the  same  source.  Witness  the  parable  of  the  sower; 
what  could  be  more  graphic  than  the  sublime  expression,  "The  harvest  is  the 
end  of  the  world,  and  the  reapers  are  the  angels." 

Egypt,  the  cradle  of  the  arts  and  sciences,  paid  special  attention  to  her  agri- 
culture. Up  to  the  time  of  Joseph  her  lands  were  held  in  fee  simple.  The  pro- 
tection of  her  agricultural  industry  was  the  cause  of  the  early  improvement  of 
that  country.  The  greatness  and  resources  of  that  country  are  seen  in  her 
canals,  estimated  by  some  historians  at  6,000,  the  artificial  lakes;  the  excava- 
tions into  the  rocks  to  the  mountain  tops,  by  which  they  drew  the  water  by  which 
the  whole  land  of  the  valleys  was  refreshed,  and  in  her  pyramids,  that  stand  the 
wonder  of  the  world.  It  was  their  skill  in  agriculture  that  enabled  them  to  fill 
the  sacks  of  Joseph's  brethren,  and  protect  them  against  the  famine.  In  that 
mighty  empire  the  proceeds  of  industry  were  secured  to  the  laborer.  Agriculture 
was  an  employment  protected  by  the  government. 

The  Assyrians  devoted  themselves  to  agriculture.  The  fruitful  valleys  of  the 
Euphrates  were  skillfully  cultivated,  and  yielded  abundant  crops.  The  power 
and  greatness  of  this  mighty  empire  was  based  upon  agriculture.  The  resources, 
taste,  and  genius  of  this  people  were  great,  as  is  seen  by  their  canals  that  filled 
the  lake  above  Babylon,  that  watered  the  whole  country  below;  and  the  skill  dis- 
played in  the  erection  of  their  temples,  &c. 

The  Phcenecians,  great  in  arts,  letters,  and  commerce,  were  also  skilled  in  the 
labors  of  the  field. 

Ancient  India  nourished  agriculture.  They  divided  their  people  into  castes, 
and  devoted  the  most  of  them  to  agriculture,  hence  the  valleys  of  the  Indus  and 
the  Ganges  produced  most  abundant  harvests.  There,  too,  the  arts  and  sciences 
flourished.  She  had  majestic  temples,  adorned  with  beautiful  and  elegant  paint- 
ings. 

IT 


258  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  Greeks  and  Romans,  distinguished  for  the  cultivation  of  letters,  and  the 
arts  and  sciences,  paid  special  attention  to  their  agriculture.  These  mighty  na- 
tions, that  in  turns  conquered  and  made  subjeet  to  their  will  the  largest  portion  of 
the  world,  by  the  vigor  of  their  military  discipline,  and  the  wisdom  of  their  civil 
maxims,  were  not  more  distinguished  in  the  arts  of  war  than  in  the  arts  of 
peace. 

China  is  enabled  to  feed  her  millions  in  consequence  of  the  attention  paid  to 
agriculture;  every  valley  in  that  empire  is  carefully  cultivated  by  that  ingenious 
people. 

The  most  enlightened  and  refined  of  the  European  nations,  of  modern  times, 
are  those  in  which  agriculture  is  most  flourishing. 

Among  the  aboriginal  tribes  of  the  new  world,  we  find  that  wherever  agricul- 
ture had  made  the  least  progress  there  was  found  an  advance  towards  civiliza- 
tion, as  was  witnessed  among  the  Mexicans  and  Peruvians  at  the  time  of  the  dis- 
covery of  America. 

In  this  free  and  happy  country  of  ours  it  requires  no  argument  to  prove  that 
agriculture  is  the  true  basis  of  our  greatness,  and  the  cause  of  our  rapid  and  un- 
precedented advancement  in  all  the  industrial  arts,  calculated  to  enrich,  expand, 
and  make  great  and  powerful  a  nation.  Kossuth,  the  eloquent  Hungarian, 
speaking  of  this  country,  justly  and  beautifully  said:  "Of  your  twenty-four  mil- 
"  lions,  more  than  nineteen  are  spread  over  yonder  immense  territory,  the  richest 
"  in  the  world,  employed  in  the  cultivation  of  the  soil — that  honorable  occupa- 
"  tion,  which  in  every  time,  has  proved  to  be  the  most  inexhaustible  and  most 
"unfailing  source  of  public  and  private  happiness,  as  also  the  most  unwavering 
"  ally  of  freedom,  and  the  most  faithful  fosterer  of  all  those  upright,  noble,  gen- 
"  erous  sentiments,  which  the  constant  intercourse  with  ever  young,  ever  great, 
"ever  beautiful. virtue  imparts  to  man.  Now,  this  immense  agricultural  interest, 
"  desiring-  large  markets,  at  the  same  time  affords  a  valid  basis  to  your  mannfac- 
"  turing  industry,  and,  in  consequence,  to  your  immensely  developed  commerce." 

Many  persons  place  too  low  an  estimate  on  the  intelligence  and  refinement  of 
the  Agriculturist  and  the  Mechanic,  and,  look  upon  these  employments  as  want- 
ing in  honor,  refinement,  and  dignity.  A  little  investigation  and  observation  will 
correct  this  error,  and  develope  the  fact,  that  to  the  farmer  and  mechanic  we  are 
chiefly  indebted  for  our  rapid  advancement  in  all  the  arts  of  peace,  by  which  we 
have  become  a  powerful,  enlightened,  and  refined  people!  Among  the  Agricul- 
turists we  find  the  most  distinguished  names  that  have  adorned  the  world's  his- 
tory.  Adam  and  Noah,  the  two  great  representatives  of  our  race,  were  devoted, 
by  the  Almighty,  to  agriculture;  Elisha,  the  seer  of  Israel,  wras  a  plowman;  Saul 
drove  his  oxen;  and  David,  the  shepherd  king,  watched  his  flocks.  Cincinnatus 
was  called  from  his  plow  to  the  dictatorship,  and  saved  Rome  from  anarchy  ^nd 
ruin.  Dentatus,  who  had  three  times  received  the  honors  of  a  triumph,  was 
found  by  the  Samnite  embassadors,  by  his  fire-side,  boiling  roots.  Cato,  trained 
in  the  same  school  of  wisdom,  wrought  in  the  same  field,  and  sat  at  the  same 
table  with  his  bondsmen.  Ourius,  after  having  conquered  the  Sabines  and  the 
Samnites,  and  after  having  driven  Pyrrus  out  of  Italy,  returned  to  the  cultiva- 
tion of  his  farm.  Scipio  Africanus,  after  having  conquered  Hannibal,  and 
rendered  Carthage  tributary  to  Rome,  retired  to  the  cultivation  of  his  garden. 

Kings  wrote  in  its  favor,  as  Hiero  the  2nd,  of  Syracuse;  Attallus,  of  Perga- 
mus;  and  Archelaus,  of  Cappadocia.  The  first  statesmen,  scholars,  soldiers, 
and  poets,  devoted  their  leisure  time  in  writing  essays  and  books  for  the  purpose 
of  honoring  and  extending  the  knowledge  ot  the  best  mode  of  cultivating  the 
soil.  Mago,  the  great  Carthagenian  general,  wrote  extensively  on  agriculture. 
Virgil,  the  greatest  of  the  Latin  poets,  made  it  the  theme  of  his  most  finished 
and  perhaps  his  greatest  poems.  Classic  Greece  has  been  rendered  immortal, 
not  more  by  the  scenes  of  Marathon  and  Thermomylse  than  by  the  peaceful  pur- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  25 

suits  of  agriculture.  Homer  and  Hesiod  have  immortalized,  in  glowing  strains, 
the  labors  of  the  field.  Many  of  the  most  distinguished  men  of  modern  Europe 
have  devoted  themselves  to  agriculture.  Robert  Burns,  the  immortal  Bard 
of  Scotland,  was  a  plowman.  He  thus  sung  of  his  poor  and  honest  fellow  la- 
borers: 

"What  though  on  hamely  fare  we  dine, 

Wear  liuddin  grey,  and  a'  that? 
Gie  fools  their  silks,  and  knaves  their  wine, 

A  man's  h  man  lor  a'  that; 
For  a'  that,  and  a'  that, 

Their  tinsel  show,  and  a'  that, 
The  honest  man,  though  e'er  sae  puir, 

Is  king  o'  men  for  a'  that." 

Our  own  Washington,  the  father  of  his  country,  was  a  practical  farmer.  The 
illustrious  Jackson,  when  relieved  from  public  cares,  devoted  his  time  to  the  prac- 
tical cultivation  of  his  farm.  Silas  Wright,  the  distinguished  Senator  from  New 
York,  devoted  all  his  leisure  time  to  the  cultivation  of  his  fields.  In  our  own 
Commonwealth  many  of  the  distinguished  men,  who  conquered  and  tamed  the 
wilderness,  and  assisted  in  laying  the  foundation  of  our  civil  and  religious  liber- 
ty, were  farmers:  Shelby,  Scott,  Garrard,  Slaughter,  Adair,  and  Desha,  six  of 
the  first  governors  of  Kentucky,  were  practical  farmers,  and  were  called  from 
the  plow7  to  the  helm  of  State;  and  our  immortal  and  eloquent  Clay,  when  re- 
lieved from  public  affairs,  devoted  his  time  to  the  cultivation  of  his  farm  at  Ash- 
land. 

To  the  inventive  genius  of  the  mechanics  we  are  indebted  for  most  of  the  in- 
ventions and  improsements  that  have  revolutionized  the  world:  Faust,  the  inven- 
ter  of  the  art  of  printing,  was  a  German  mechanic.  John  Fitch,  who  conceived 
and  demonstrated  the  practicability  of  steam  navigation,  was  a  poor  gunsmith. 
Robert  Fulton,  who  succeeded  in  carrying  out  the  conception  of  Fitch,  was  an 
engineer.  Oliver  Evans,  who  invented  the  first  locomotive,  the  first  high  pres- 
sure engine,  and  the  first  carding  machine,  was  a  carpenter.  Thomas  Godfrey, 
the  inventer  of  the  quadrant,  was  a  glazier;  the  inventor  of  the  telescope  was  a 
spectacle-maker  of  Holland;  that  stern  old  patriot,  Thomas  Metcalfe,  once  Gov- 
ernor of  Kentucky,  whose  death  we  have  in  the  last  few  years  mourned,  was  a 
stone-mason.  I  could  give  you  long  lists  of  names  of  mechanics,  whose  inven- 
tions have  tended  to  ameliorate  the  condition  of  our  race,  and  to  dignify  and 
elevate  labor.  The  largest  portion  of  the  useful  inventions  have  emanated  from 
the  fertile  brains  of  practical  mechanics.  The  mechanic  has  added  largely  to  the 
advancement  of  art,  science,  and  literature,  as  the  history  of  such  men  as  Sher- 
man, the  shoemaker;  Franklin,  the  printer;  Buiritt,  the  learned  blacksmith,  and 
others,  clearly  indicates.  Labor  is  the  great  civilizer  and  refiner  of  the  world; 
one  nation  is  more  civilized  and  refined  than  another  exactly  in  the  proportion 
that  it  applies  its  labor  with  more   scientific  skill  than  another. 

In  order  for  the  agriculturist  to  apply  his  labor  with  scientific  skill  he  must  un- 
derstand the  nature  and  fertilizing  qualities  of  the  soil — that  agricultural  chem- 
istry teaches.  In  that  branch  of  science,  1  regret  to  say,  our  agriculturists  are 
very  defective.  The  system  of  education,  in  our  schools  and  colleges,  is  greatly 
defective  in  not  teaching  a  more  practical  application  of  science  to  labor.  In  or- 
der to  attain  the  greatest  degree  of  prosperity,  science  must  be  united  with  mus- 
cular labor.  The  man  of  science  understands,  by  the  analysis  of  his  laboratory, 
the  nature  of  the  soils,  economy  of  plants,  and  animal  life,  yet  he  may  prove  a 
very  poor  farmer;  whilst  the  practical  farmer,  who  rejects  science,  will  fall  far 
behind  his  neighbor,  who  blends  practical  skill  with  the  discoveries  and  sugges- 
tions of  science. 

Fortunately  for  us  in  Kentucky,  we  have  many  citizens  engaged  in  this  great 
work,  whose  precepts  and  example  will  excite  the  enthusiasm,  and  win  the  con- 
fidence, of  their  fellow  laborers  in  the  field  of  scientific  agriculture. 


260  REPORT  OF  THE 

When  we  shall  have  the  whole  body  of  our  practical  farmers  engaged,  not 
merely  physically  but  mentally,  in  illustrating  the  power,  benificence,  and  dig- 
nity of  the  science  of  agriculture,  the  "wilderness  and  the  solitary  places  shall 
be  glad  for  them,  and  the  desert  shall  rejoice  and  blossom  as  the  rose." 

There  have  been  no  means  yet  employed,  in  Europe  or  America,  so  well  cal- 
culated to  promote  this  great  interest  as  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  societies  and 
exhibitions.  Here  are  exhibited  the  finest  and  best  varieties  of  the  fruits  of  the 
earth;  the  best  specimens  of  animals  as  well  as  every  variety  of  implements  to 
promote  good  culture  and  save  labor;  the  people  congregate  and  see  them;  they 
inquire  about  the  mode  of  culture  that  produced  such  fruits;  the  breeds  of  the 
majestic  animals  they  see;  the  various  implements  of  mechanical  skill;  a  feeling 
of  emulation — a  desire  for  improvement — is  instantly  abroad  in  the  land.  And, 
as  far  as  they  can  do  so,  the  farmers  select  the  best  varieties  of  seeds  and  fruits; 
the  best  breeds  of  animals,  and  the  most  economical  labor  saving  machines,  and 
immediately  follows  an  increased  and  improved  production  of  the  farm. 

In  adddition  to  the  benefits  alluded  to,  the  numerous  prize  essays  on  the  most 
important  branches  of  agricultural  industry,  embodying  the  experience  and  learn- 
ing of  the  most  distinguished  farmers  and  men  of  science,  are  highly  beneficial. 
These  essays,  published  with  your  reports,  disseminate  a  vast  amount  of  the 
most  useful  and  practical  knowledge  among  the  people,  in  a  form  that  is  accessi- 
ble, and  can  be  read  by  all,  thus  enlightening,  exciting,  stimulating,  and  direct- 
ing the  public  mind  in  its  progress. 

Useful  and  beneficial  as  your  industrial  exhibitions  are — as  much  valuable  in- 
formation as  they  diffuse  among  the  people- — you  should  not  rely  upon  them  alone 
to  advance  the  great  cause  of  agriculture.  Your  common  school  system  of  ed- 
cation  should  continue  to  receive  your  fostering  care.  We  have  schools,  colleges, 
and  universities,  in  which  our  youths  are  educated  for  the  learned  professions, 
and  in  theology,  &c.  We  have  no  school  in  the  Commonwealth  in  which  our 
children  are  so  taught  as  to  enable  them  to  apply  the  principles  of  science,  prac- 
tically, to  the  cultivation  of  the  ground.  We  should  at  once  correct  this  defec- 
tive system  of  education;  we  should  so  educate  our  children  as  to  prepare  them 
for  the  practical  duties  of  life.  It  is  agriculture  that  diffuses  life,  energy,  and 
vio-or  to  every  other  pursuit.  It  supports  our  manufactories,  and  causes  our  ships 
to  whiten  every  sea  with  their  canvass. 

Lord  Erskine  spoke  beautifully  and  truly  when  he  said,  "You  might  as  well 
hope  to  see  the  human  body  in  active  motion,  when  palsy  had  reached  the  heart,  or 
a  tree  flourish  after  its  roots  had  decayed,  as  expect  to  see  manufactures,  or  arts, 
or  industry,  of  any  description,  progressive  when  agriculture  has  declined.  Par- 
alyze it  and  you  weaken  the  pulse  of  enterprise,  stiffen  the  fingers  of  machinery, 
and  clip  the  wings  of  commerce  ;  destroy  it  and  you  bury  in  one  common  grave 
national  powrer  and  individual  prosperity."  In  endeavoring  to  set  before  you  the 
importance  of  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  interests,  I  by  no  means  intend 
to  depreciate  other  pursuits.  I  have  told  you  that  every  interest  was  dependent 
upon  Agriculture;  other  interests  are  intimately  connected  and  interwoven  with 
it.  Without  commerce  and  the  mechanic  arts,  agriculture  would  languish;  ag- 
riculture, the  mechanic  arts,  the  sciences,  and  commerce  are  so  intimately  con- 
nected and  dependent,  the  one  upon  the  other,  that  you  cannot  injure  the  one 
without  injuring  the  others;  each  and  all  are  necessary  for  the  full  development 
of  the  others. 

The  solitary  student,  who  wastes  his  health  in  the  investigation  of  science,  is 
often  the  greatest  benefactor  of  mankind.  He,  by  his  laborious  researches,  eli- 
cits scientific  truths  of  the  greatest  importance,  that  are  applied  to  the  practical 
uses  of  life.  The  politician,  the  statesman,  and  those  engaged  in  the  learned 
professions,  are  all  benefactors  of  mankind,  when  their  energies  are  virtuously 
and  wisely  directed. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  261 

The  arts,  sciences,  and  agricultural  and  mechanical  labor,  have  accomplished 
wonders  for  man. 

"  They  led  him  through  the  trackless  wild, 

Where  noontide  sunbeams  never  blazed, 
The  thistle  shrunk,  the  harvest  smiled, 

And  nature  gladdened  as  she  gazed. 
Earth's  thousand  tribes  of  living  things. 

At  art's  command  to  him  are  given, 
The  village  grows,  the  city  springs, 

And  point  their  spires  of  faith  to  heaven. 
In  fields  of  air  he  writes  his  name, 

And  treads  the  chambers  of  the  sky  ; 
He  reads  the  stars  and  grasps  the  flame 

That  quivers  round  the  throne  on  high. 
In  war  renowned,  in  peace  sublime, 

He  moves  in  greatness  and  in  grace, 
His  power  subduing  space  and  time, 

Links  realm  to  realm  and  race  to  race." 

The  ancients,  in  the  art  of  agriculture,  were  far  behind  this  utilitarian  age, 
particularly  in  the  implements  of  husbandry  and  labor  saving  machines.  In  the 
place  of  a  crooked  stick  used  for  the  p'ow,  we  now  rn>ve  the  magnificent  speci- 
mens we  have  seen  here  today;  instead  of  the  sickel,  we  now  have  the  im- 
proved reapers,  one  of  which  will  reap  twenty  acres  of  grain  in  a  day  ;  instead 
of  the  flail,  long  used  to  thresh  grain,  we  now  have  the  thresher,  one  of  which 
will  thresh  six  hundred  bushels  a  day. 

We  plant,  we  reap,  we  thersh,  we  grind  by  machinery.  For  these  wonderful 
labor  saving — or  rather  labor  multiplying — machines,  we  are  chiefly  indebted  to 
the  genius  of  American  mechanics.  In  Great  Btitain  alone,  the  power  of  ma- 
chinery in  mills  is  computed  to  be  equal  to  600,000,000  of  men.  It  is  indeed 
wonderful  to  behold  the  ingenuity  of  man.  There  is  scarcely  anything  that  he 
does  not  accomplish,  through  the  agency  of  machinery;  he  has  made  steam  sub- 
servient to  his  will,  and  constituted  it  the  greatest  of  motive  powers;  he  has 
harnessed  the  lightning,  and  sent  it  as  a  courier  around  the  world.  When  we 
contemplate  the  many  varied  and  complicated  purposes  to  which  machinery  is 
app'ied  at  this  day,  we  are  struck  with  wonder  and  astonishment.  Such  is  the 
wonderful  rapidity  with  which  useful  inventions  are  announced,  that  it  is  but 
reasonable  to  suppose  that  we  have  but  just  entered  upon  our  race  of  improve- 
ment.    All  this  is  the  result  of  the  application  of  science  to  labor. 

In  modern  times  nothing  has  so  much  promoted  agriculture  or  the  practical  ap- 
plication of  the  science  of  chemistry  as  a  thorough  and  minute  analysis  of  the 
soil.  In  connection  with  this  idea,  allow  me  to  suggest  that  there  is  no  one  thing 
so  well  calculated  to  foster  the  agricultural  interest  of  Kentucky  as  the  comple- 
tion of  a  thorough  geological  and  agricultural  survey  of  the  State,  which  is  now 
progressing  under  the  superintendence  of  the  distinguished  gentlemen  engaged  in 
that  service.  It  will  unfold  the  vast  -stores  of  mineral  wealth  that  lie  imbedded 
beneath  your  soil.  It  will  give  you  accurate  analyses  of  your  soils,  and  teach  you 
the  elements  to  supply  to  give  the  greatest  production;  and  the  adaptation  of  each 
peculiar  soil  to  the  production  of  the  various  crops  that  are  produced  in  our  cli- 
mate. It  will  enable  you  to  make  the  most  scientific  application  of  your  labor, 
and  thus  receive  the  greatest  product  for  your  toil.  The  knowledge  that  will  en- 
able the  husbandman  to  so  cultivate  his  fields  as  to  retain  and  increase  the  fertil- 
ity of  his  soil,  and  add  to  the  amount  of  his  productions,  by  a  proper  and  judi- 
cious rotation  of  crops,  and  the  application  of  manures,  is  invaluable.  That 
cannot  be  done  unless  we  know  the  constituent  parts  of  the  soil,  and  the  proper- 
ty to  add  to  supply  the  defect.  All  this  an  accurate  chemical  analysis  of  your 
soils  will  teach.  The  reports  that  have  been  published  contain  a  vast  amount  of 
valuable  and  useful  information.     In  the  published  report  you  will  find  over  200 


262  REPORT  OF  THE 

• 

analyses  of  ores,  &c,  of  which  21  are  of  soils.  The  reports  that  will  be  made 
to  the  next  Legislature  will,  I  am  informed  by  Dr.  Owen,  the  distinguished  gen- 
tleman at  the  head  of  the  Geological  Survey,  contain  analyses  of  about  174  soils, 
which,  when  added  to  the  21  contained  in  the  published  report,  make  our  analy- 
ses  of  200  Kentucky  soils.  The  soils  that  have  been  analyzed  have  been  taken 
from  61  counties  in  (he  State.  I  have  been  kindly  furnished  by  Dr.  Peter,  the 
eminent  Chemist  of  the  Survey,  with  the  proof  sheets  of  a  large  portion  of  the 
forth  coming  reports;  they  treat  largely  and  elaborately  of  agriculture.  The 
information  the  forthcoming  reports  will  furnish  will  be  amongst  the  most  uselul 
and  practical  which  the  united  labors  of  the  geologist  and  chemist  have  present- 
ed to  agriculture. 

Through  the  kindness  of  Dr.  Owen,  the  State  Geologist,  I  was  furnished  the 
following  statement  of  the  soils  analyzed: 

Of  the  200  soils  now  analyzed — 

11   are  derived  from  the  quaternary; 

17  are  derived  from  the  Coal  Measures; 
37  are  derived  from  the  sub  carboniferous; 

4  are  derived  from  the  rocks  of  Devonian  date; 

18  are  derived  from  the  Upper  Silurian  date; 
113  are  derived  from  the  Lower  Silurian  date; 


200  i.  e.  from  the  so-called  blue  limestone  formation. 

Of  all  pursuits  agriculture  is  best  calculated  to  cultivate  the  home  influence; 
and  after  all,  the  home  influence  is  the  great  nursery  of  virtue  and  patriotism. 
The  large  cities  in  this  country  are  almost  as  much  dependent  upon  the  rural  dis- 
tricts for  their  brains  as  they  are  for  their  meat  and  their  bread.  Upon  an  accu- 
rate estimation  I  would  venture  the  opinion  that  it  would  be  found  that  four-fifths 
of  the  leading  business  men,  engaged  in  the  mercantile  and  industrial  pursuits, 
and  in  the  professions  in  the  large  cities  of  this  Union,  were  nurtured  and  reared 
in  the  rural  districts,  surrounded  in  their  youth  by  the  happy  home  influences  of 
which  I  have  spoken. 

In  time  of  war  the  farmer  and  the  mechanic  chiefly  fill  the  ranks  of  our  ar- 
mies, with  a  brave  and  hardy  soldiery,  that  have  carried  our  flag  victoriously  in 
every  contest  in  which  we  have  been  engaged.  The  virtue  and  love  of  country 
that  clusters  about  the  farm  houses  of  this  glorious  country,  is  the  strongest 
shield  that  can  be  thrown  around  the  constitution  and  government  of  this  free 
people.  Whilst  we  have  the  rural  districts  filled  with  an  educated,  virtuous  pop- 
ulation, who  love  the  homes  made  happy  by  their  labor,  the  Union  is  in  no  dan- 
ger. Demagogues,  alarmists,  and  traitors  talk  of  the  overthrow  of  this  glorious 
Union.  Whilst  your  farms  are  tilled  by,  and  your  workshops  filled  with,  educa- 
ted and  virtuous  laborers,  the  Union  is  in  no  danger.  I  verily  believe  the  day 
never  has  been  when  the  love  the  people  bare  the  national  constitution  and  this 
glorious  Union  was  not  strong  enough  to  crush,  in  an  instant,  all  the  factions 
were  they  combined,  that  harbored  a  feeling  of  hate,  resistance,  or  treason  to 
our  glorious  government. 

Our  position  among  the  nations  of  the  earth  is  one  truly  gratifying  to  every 
American.  An  hundred  battle-fields  attest  the  bravery  and  patriotism  of  our 
sons;  our  admirable  constitutions,  laws,  and  government,  establish  the  fact  that 
we  are  more  deeply  learned  in  the  great  practical  principles  of  civil  and  religious 
liberty  than  any  nation  or  people  that  has  existed  on  earth.  The  tables  of  our 
industrial  pursuits  exhibit  the  most  gratifying  results — results  becoming  the  dig- 
nity of  a  brave,  enlightened,  and  free  people.  The  total  value  of  the  products  of 
agriculture,  for  the  year  covered  by  the  census  of  1850,  is  estimated  at  $1,326,- 
961,326,  to  which  add,  for  increase  since,  would  give  total  for  1857,  $2,000,000,- 
000.     The  products  of  manufactories,  mining,  and  the  mechanic  arts  for  the  year 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  263 

1850  were  estimated  at  $1,013,336,463.  According  to  the  report  of  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  for  1856,  our  cotton  crup  exported  brought  us  $128,382,- 
351;  our  provisions  $77,046,828;  and  our  tobacco  $12,221,843;  these  three 
items  brought  us  in  a  single  year  $217,651,022;  the  production  of  each  one  of 
these  articles  has  been  greatly  increased  this  year,  and  it  would  not,  I  suppose, 
be  an  over  estimate  to  put  the  amount  we  would  receive  from  these  three  articles 
this  year  at  $3u0,000,000.  Our  entire  domestic  exports,  exclusive  of  specie,  for 
the  year  ending  30th  June,  1856,  brought  us  $266,438,651. 

Of  this  cotton  brought  us, $128,382,351 

Tobacco, -  12,221,843 

Rice, 2,390,233 


Making,  -         - $142,994,427 

Thus  you  see  that  these  articles,  the  growth  of  the  planting  States,  consutute 
largely  over  one  half  our  exports.  These  facts  exhibit  our  agricultural  interest 
in  a  most  imposing  attitude;  the  looms  of  the  world  are  dependent  upon  us  for 
cotton.  Commercially  speaking  it  has  not  been  inaptly  said  that  "cotton  was 
king." 

Since  1790  our  exports  have  grown  from  19,012.041  to  300,000,000;  our  ton- 
nage has  increased  from  502,146  to  4,500,000;  our  tonnage  is  now  greater  than 
any  nation  on  earth.  We  have  in  the  United  States  about  25,000  miles  of  rail- 
road in  operation — over  one-third  of  the  railroads  in  the  world.  In  1810  we  had 
in  the  United  States  three  hundred  and  fifty-nine  newspapers  and  periodicals, 
with  an  annual  circulation  of  22,321,700;  in  1850  we  had  two  thousand  five 
hundred  and  twenty-six  newspapers  and  periodicals,  with  an  annual  circulation 
of  426,407,918. 

Kentucky  occupies  a  central  position  in  this  Union  ;  one  that  enables  her  to 
supply  the  cotton,  sugar  and  rice  growing  States  of  the  South  with  corn,  hemp, 
hoii's,  neat  cattle,  mules  and  horses,  of  which  she  arrows  a  large  surplus  ;  and 
also  sufficiently  near  to  supply  the  large  cities  and  manufacturing  towns  of  the 
North  with  her  surplus  products.  She  is  noted  for  the  valor  and  chivalry  of  her 
sons  ;  her  citizens  have  been  eminently  distinguished  in  war,  and  in  the  councils 
of  the  nation.  She  should  not  relax  her  efforts  until  she  has  an  equal  distinc- 
tion in  the  arts  of  peace.  Kentucky  is  emintntly  an  agricultural  State  ;  our  dis- 
tinguished felloAv-citizen,  Dr.  Peter,  by  the  analyses  he  has  made  of  our  soils, 
has  demonstrated  the  fact  that  we  possess  the  most  fertile  soil  on  the  earth.  Our 
agricultural  position  among  our  sister  States  is  one  of  which  we  may  be  justly 
proud.  From  the  census  of  1850  it  appears  that  we  produced  58,672,591  bush- 
els of  Indian  corn.  Ohio  was  the  only  State  that  surpassed  us  in  the  production 
of  that  article.  Of  oats  we  produced  7,155,974  bushels — only  four  States  sur- 
passing us.  We  produced  17,787  tons  of  water  and  dew-rotted  hemp — we  stand 
the  first  hemp  growing  State  in  the  Union.  We  produced  55,501,196 
pounds  of  tobacco — in  this  article  our  old  mother,  Virginia,  alone  surpasses  us. 
In  the  number  of  horses  we  stood  third  ;  in  mules  and  swine  we  stood  second 
among  the  States  of  the  Union. 

In  these  times  of  commercial  revulsions  and  bank  suspensions  you  have  noth- 
ing serious  to  apprehend.  The  commercial  world  is  looking  anxiously  to  the 
productions  of  your  fields  for  the  only  means  that  will  reinstate  commercial  con- 
fidence, and  give  the  relief  demanded  by  the  exigencies  of  the  times ;  and  they 
will  not  be  disappointed,  for  our  whole  land  is  blessed  with  most  abundant  crops. 
Your  drafts  are  drawn  upon  the  earth — a  bank  that  never  suspends — and  the 
deeper  you  draw  the  more  richly  and  abundantly  will  your  drafts  be  honored. 

We  have  a  country  and  government  admirably  adapted  to  the  rapid  develop- 
ment of  the  great  interests  of  labor.  Our  country  is  unsurpassed  in  fertility  and 
vast  tn  extent — covering  an  area  of  2,400,000  square  miles,  extending  2,700  miles 


Mi 


REPORT  OF  THE 


from  ocean  to  ocean,  and  near  2,000  miles  from  north  to  south — embracing  al- 
most every  variety  of  soil,  climate  and  pursuit.  We  have  a  people  possessed  of 
boundless  energy,  industry  and  inventive  genius.  Blessed  with  a  free  and  enlight- 
ened government,  that  extends  its  protecting  influence  to  all  classes,  and  which 
proclaims  the  equality  of  the  citizens,  and  guarantees  political,  civil  and  religi- 
ous liberty,  and  protects  every  class  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  fruits  of  their  labor; 
with  a  system  of  universal  education  that  opens  the  avenues  of  knowledge  and 
industry  to  all — we  are  in  a  better  condition  than  any  people  on  earth  to  make 
rapid  advancement  in  all  the  arts  of  peace.  The  God  of  the  Universe  has  given  us 
this  great  heritage,  and  we  owe  it  to  ourselves,  and  to  the  age  in  which  we  live, 
to  improve  it.  Our  fathers  have  nobly  performed  their  share  in  the  glorious 
work  ;  they  have  conquered  the  soil  from  a  savage  foe,  felled  the  forest,  cleared 
the  land,  and  laid  deep,  broad  and  strong  the  foundation  of  civil  and  religious 
liberty,  and  introduced  all  the  arts  of  peace. 

Our  progress  has  been  wonderful  indeed.  Since  the  war  of  the  revolution  we 
have  grown  from  less  than  4,000,000  to  27,000,000  of  free,  happy  people;  from 
thirteen  to  thirty  one  sovereign  States,  and  seven  organized  Territories.  Our 
visions  are  feasted  by  the  busy  stir  of  commerce,  the  green  meadows  and  joyous 
harvests,  the  populous  towns  and  crowded  cities,  which  are  cheered  throughout 
our  land  by  peace  and  plenty.  Great  and  powerful  as  we  are,  we  have  but  just 
entered  upon  our  race  of  improvement;  only  about  one-thirteenth  of  the  whole 
area  of  the  organized  States  and  Territories  is  improved,  and  about  one  eighth 
more  is  occupied  and  not  improved.  Thus,  you  see  the  work  that  is  before  us, 
and,  unless  we  should  prove  degenerate  sons  of  the  noblest  ancestry  the  world 
ever  knew,  we  will  push  on  in  this  great  work  until  this  whole  land  shall  be  sub- 
dued by  the  axe  and  the  plow,  and  rendered  a  tit  abode  for  Christian,  civilized, 
and  refined  men. 


ESSAYS  TO  WHICH  PREMIUMS  WERE  AWARDED. 


The  offering  of  Premiums  for  the  best  essays  on  Agricultural  sub- 
jects is  rapidly  growing  into  fashion,  and  it  is  a  matter  of  just  pride 
that  it  was  inaugurated  many  years  since  by  a  former  State  Agricul- 
tural Society  for  Kentucky. 

Four  Essays  are  now  presented,  to  which  premiums  were  awarded 
by  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  1857.  They  will  be 
found  to  contain  much  valuable  and  interesting  information  on  the 
subjects  on  which  they  are  respectively  written,  and  will  no  doubt, 
like  those  of  last  year,  have  an  extensive  reading. 

One  is  also  presented  as  a  volunteer  contribution  by  that  veteran 
Agricultural  writer,  the  Hon.  Adam  Beatty,  whose  Prize  Essays  to  the 
former  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  had  such  a  wide  and  pop- 
ular circulation  in  book  form  some  years  since. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  265 

Essay   on  the  Science  and  Practice  of  Breeding  Animals  for  the  Farm,  by  F.  J. 
Flannagan,  of  Fayette   county,    Kentucky. 

"Crossing  has  only  succeeded  in  an  eminent  degree,  when  the  females  were  larger,  than  in  the  usual  pro- 
portions of  females  to  males;  and  it  has  generally  failed,  when  the  males  were  disproportionally  large." — 
The  opinion  of  Mr.  Bakewell,  of  Dishley ,  in  Leicestershire,  the  founder  of  the  Leicester,  Bakewell,  or  Dish- 
Ley  sheep;  England's  greatest  breeder,  and  one  of  her  greatest  benefactors  as  a  Farmer. 

Agriculture  and  grazing  were  always  regarded  as  two  distinct  branches  of  the  farming  bus- 
iness; so  much  so,  that  it  was  thought  that  the  knowledge  of  the  one  was  unnecessary  for  the 
practice  of  the  other,  and  the  breeding  and  management  of  live  stock  was  considered  to  be 
almost  exclusively  the  business  of  the  grazier  alone. 

A  mighty  change,  however,  has  come  over  matters  here;  the  increased  and  increasing  pop- 
ulation of  this  country  demanded  a  corresponding  increased  supply  of  animal  food,  which  has 
been  furnished,  not  by  the  larger  productiveness  of  the  grazing  districts  alone,  but  by  the 
growth  of  grain  and  clover  on  the  arable  farms  as  well,  so  that,  in  fact,  a  greater  annual 
weight  of  meat  is  produced  by  the  latter  now,  than  by  the  former.  Hence,  the  amount  of 
stock  kept  on  arable  farms  ha3  doubled  within  the  last  twenty  years.  It  is  not,  however,  my 
provinr-cor  intention,  to  discuss  in  this  essay,  how  far  it  would  be  proper,  or  to  the  interest  of 
the  Farmer  in  this  State,  to  keep  separate  and  distinct,  the  grazing  and  agricultural  pursuits! 
that  would  be  a  very  fit  subject  for  separate  discussion;  and,  in  my  opinion,  under  the  existing 
laws  of  the  State,  our  total  dependence  on  slave  labor,  and  with  the  natural  advantages  we 
possess  in  soil  and  climate,  so  well  adapted  to  the  growth  of  the  blue  grass,  it  is  paramount  to 
almost  any  other  question  that  could  be  presented  to  the  farmers  for  their  consideration. 

Our  situation  in  this  country,  as  .compared  with  every  other  portion  of  the  Agricultural 
world,  is  very  peculiar  indeed.  Here,  one  man  spreads  his  labors  over  a  far  greater  surface 
of  land  than  can  be  given  to  an  individual  in  the  old  world,  or  even  in  the  older  States  of  this 
new  world.  It  follows,  therefore,  that  the  science  of  Agriculture  is  more  perfect  there  than 
here;*  in  other  words,  any  given  number  of  working  men  produce  tar  more  here,  but  any 
given  number  of  acres  has  hitherto  given  far  less  produce.  With  these  few  remarks  I  leave 
this  subject. 

The  feeding  of  stock  is  likely  to  become  more  and  more  the  object  of  the  farmer's  attention, 
and  their  breeding  and  management,  consequently,  an  object  of  his  increased  solicitude. 

The  live  stock  of  the  farm  may  be  regarded  as  so  many  machines  for  converting  the  pro- 
ductions of  the  farm  into  the  most  valuable  and  concentrated  form  of  food.  It  is,  therefore, 
of  the  first  importance  to  obtain,  by  means  of  breeding,  the  most  valuable  animal  for  this 
purpose — an  animal  that  will  convert  a  given  amount  of  food  into  the  utmost  quantity  of 
good  meat  in  the  shortest  space  of  time.  That  too  little  attention  is  bestowed  on  this  point 
is  evident  from  the  great  variety  which  obtains  amongst  the  breeds  of  cattle,  sheep,  and  live 
stock  we  now  have  here,  some  of  which  are  almost  worthless.  It  is  notorious  that  some  ani- 
mals will  make  double  the  quantity  of  meat  from  a  given  amount  of  food  to  that  made  by 
others.  Since  Great  Britain  has  taken  off  the  duties  on  cattle  imported  from  other  couDtries, 
a  striking  contrast  has  been  observed  between  these  imported  and  those  of  their  native 
breeds.  The  coarseness  and  inferiority  of  the  former  have  deterred  farmers  from  fattening 
them,  although  procurable  at  a  much  cheaper  rate.  The  extra  quantity  of  food  required  to 
make  them  fat  has  cost  more  than  the  saving  in  the  first  expense,  when"  compared  with  their 
own  native  stock.  An  almost  equal  difference  obtains  between  improved  and  unimproved 
specimens  of  our  native  breeds.  How  greatly  is  the  farming  interest,  and  the  country  at 
large,  injured  by  the  unprofitable  feeding  of  inferior  stock?  Much  certainly  has  been  done, 
by  improving  our  native  breeds,  but  still  more    remains  to  be  done  yet. 

It  is  unnecessary,  therefore,  to  say  more,  in  order  to  establish  the  fact,  that  the  subject  of 
breeding  is  one  of  the  greatest  interest  and  importance  to  the  Kentucky  farmer.  It  becomes 
us  well  to  understand  the  principles  of  the  matter;  to   acquaint  ourselves,   as  far  as   we  can 

*  That  is,  that  more  produce  is  procured  from  a  certain  quantity  of  ground  in  the  former 
than  in  the  latter  country. 


2CG  REPORT  OF  THE 

become  acquainted,  with  the  laws  of  nature  which  govern  the  perpetuation  of  the  breeds  of 
our  domestic  animals,  so  that  we  may  be  enabled  to  preserve,  and  considerably  extend,  the 
improvements  which  have  beeu   made. 

The  simple  object  the  breeder  has  to  consider,  is  to  produce  an  animal  that  will  yield  him  the 
greatest  pecuniary  return;  a  principle  which  maybe  applied  to  each  race  of  animals,  but 
which  involves  with  it  a  knowledge  of  those  qualities  which  are  really  the  most  esteemed. 
The  qualities  desirable  to  obtain  are  pretty  nearly  alike  in  the  greater  number  of  domestic 
animals,  that  is,  in  those  intended  for  animal  food.  These  are,  the  capability  of  converting 
a  given  quantity  of  food  into  the  utmost  amount  of  flesh  and  fat,  and  the  development  of 
this  meat  on  those  parts  of  the  body  most  esteemed  for  food — thus,  small  heads,  short  legs, 
and  small  bone,  are  altogether  essential  qualifications,  and  early  maturity  is  equally  desirable. 
Connected  with  these  points,  we  invariably  find  a  peculiar  quiet  and  indolent  disposition — 
what  physiologists  would  term  a  lymphatic  temperament — which  is  denoted  by  a  fineness  of 
the  skin,  certain  resistancy  to  the  touch,  so  to  speak,  caused  by  the  development  of  those 
membranes  immediately  under  the  skin,  which  serve  for  the  deposition  of  fat  in  common 
with  other -objects.  In  cows  kept  for  the  dairy,  the  considerations  just  mentioned,  though  not 
altogether  to  be  lost  sight  of,  are  yet  secondary  to  others,  such  as  the  development  of  the  lac- 
tic system. 

With  regard  to  the  horse,  the  qualities  we  have  mentioned  are  still  less  essential.  Muscu- 
lar activity  and  vigor  of  constitution  are  necessary  in  all  horses.  A  large  bone  and  a  certain 
degree  of  weight,  as  well  as  quietness,  is  requisite  in  the  cart  horse;  and  a  light  frame,  with 
great  muscular  and  nervous  energy,  is  demanded  in  the  thoroughbred.  Between  these  ex- 
tremes, a  balance  of  these  rival  qualifications  is  called  for,  by  the  various  specimens  afforded 
by  other  breeds  of  horses. 

"Like  begets  like,"  is  an  axiom  in  breeding  which  cannot  be  disputed.  It  is  vain  to  expect 
healthy  or  perfect  offsprings  from  unhealthy  or  imperfect  parents.  Defects  are  more  easily  and 
more  certainly  propagated  than  virtues.  They  may  certainly  disappear  in  the  first  or  second 
generation,  but  it  is  only  to  appear  in  the  third.  It  is  only,  therefore,  by  the  most  vigilant  at- 
tention, by  weeding  and  selecting  with  the  greatest  care,  that  we  can  approach  to  perfection, 
which,  however,  is  like  the  mountain  of  the  talisman — no  one  has  ever  reached  its  summit. 

Let  me  call  particular  attention  to  the  following  paragraph  : 

The  external  form  is  an  indication  of  internal  structure;  the  principles  of  improving  should 
therefore  be  founded  on  a  knowledge  and  use  of  the  internal  parts.  Of  the  first  importance 
are  the  lungs,  and  on  their  size  and  soundness  depend,  principally,  the  strength  and  health  of 
the  animal  — converting  food  into  nourishment  in  proportion  to  its  size.  An  animal  with  large 
lungs  is  capable  of  converting  more  food,  in  a  given  time,  into  nourishment,  than  an  animal 
with  smaller  ones,  and  consequently  has  a  greater  aptitude  to  fatten.  The  external  indications 
of  the  size  of  the  lungs  are  the  form  of  the  size  of  the  chest,  which  should  approach  the  figure 
of  a  cone,  having  its  apex  situated  between  the  shoulders,  and  its  base  towards  the  loins.  The 
capacity  of  the.  chest  depends  on  its  form  more  than  the  extent  of  its  circumference;  for,  al- 
though the  girth  may  be  equal  in  two  animals,  the  lungs  of  the  one  may  be  much  larger  than 
those  of  the  other.  A  circle  contains  more  than  an  ellipsis  of  equal  circumference;  and  in  pro 
portion  as  the  ellipsis  deviates  from  the  circle,  it  contains  less;  hence,  a  deep  chest  is  not  ca- 
pacious, unless  it  be  proportionally  broad. 

That  cavity  formed  by  the  junction  of  the  haunch  bones  with  the  bones  of  the  rump  is  called 
the  pelvis,  and  it  is  essential  that  this  cavity  should  be  large  in  the  female,  so  that  she  may  bo 
enabled  to  bring  forth  her  young  with  less  difficulty.  The  lives  of  the  mother  and  her  off- 
spring are  frequently  endangered  when  this  cavity  is  small;  the  width  of  the  hips,  and  the 
breadth  of  the  twist,  which  is  the  space  between  the  thighs,  generally  indicate  the  size  of  the 
pelvis;  the  breadth  of  the  loins  is  always  in  proportion  to  that  of  the  chest  and  the  pelvis. 

Human  Physiologists  pay  considerable  attention  to  the  subject  of  temperament,  and  though 
I  do  not  profess  to  make  the  same  nice  distinctions  with  regard  to  animals,  yet  it  is  extremely 
important  to  keep  in  mind  those  general  distinctive  varieties  of  temperaments  which  operate  so 
powerfully  in  characterizing  various  animals. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  267 

We  may,  then,  broadly  divide  the  temperaments  of  animals  into  three  kinds  — the  nervous, 
the  thoracic,  and  the  abdominal.  In  proportion  as  the  nervous  system,  the  chest,  or  the  ab- 
domen is  strongly  developed,  may  we  consider  an  animal  to  belong  to  one  class  or  the  other. 

In  the  breeding  of  sheep  and  oxen  for  the  purposes  of  the  butcher,  the  grand  object  has  been 
to  establish  the  supremacy  of  the  belly,  and  to  dethrone  the  empire  of  the  cranium  and  the 
chest;  or,  in  other  words,  to  preserve  and  perpetuate  that  form  of  abdomen  most  favorable  to 
the  due  performance  of  the  digestive  process,  affording  the  capability  of  extracting  the  utmost 
quantity  of  nourishment  from  the  food,  and  at  the  same  time  diminishing  as  much  as  possible 
the  development  of  the  nervous  system,  (which  would  induce  too  much  irritability,  and  de- 
stroy that  indolence  and  quietness  so  essential  for  the  fattening  process,)  as  well  as  that  of  the 
organs  of  respiration,  which  give  at  once  the  capability  and  the  disposition  for  muscular  ex- 
ertion. In  the  Leicester*  sheep  we  have  one  of  the  most  perfect  specimens  of  the  prepon- 
derating development  of  the  abdominal  or  lymphatic  temperament,  and  the  most  striking  con- 
trast to  our  own  native  sheep.  The  latter  is  quite  unfitted,  with  its  small  lungs  and  muscular 
activity,  with  form,  habits,  and  disposition  approximating  the  goat,  to  be  submitted  to  the  same 
treatment  as  the  former.  Instead  of  quietly  and  assiduously,  hour  after  hour,  converting  roots 
and  grasses  into  mutton,  and  mental  faculties  scarcely  extending  beyond  the  fold,  as  the  Lei- 
cester sheep,  the  native  would  be  perpetually  engaged  in  devising  plans  of  escape,  and  its  ac- 
tive limbs  would  soon  put  to  the  test  the  strength  or  height  of  the  inclosure. 

It  is  admitted  by  all  breeders  that  the  Leicester  sheep  is  the  most  perfect  specimen  of  the 
meat  producing  animal  we  are  acquainted  with,  and,  perhaps,  no  other  in  the  creation  possesses, 
in  so  high  a  degree,  the  power  of  converting  vegetable  bodies  into  the  utmost  quantity  of  ani- 
mal food.  It  possesses,  in  fact,  the  most  perfect,  and  in  proportion  to  the  size  of  the  animal' 
the  most  capacious  digestive  organs,  whilst  its  nervous  and  thoracic  systems  are  altogether  se- 
condary. 

In  the  South  Down  and  Cheviot,  these  systems  are  brought  into  great  play,  activity  (from  the 
hills  they  were  raised  upon,)  being  more  required,  but  the  brow  and  the  chest  are  still  subser- 
vient to  the  belly. 

The  Ox  is  naturally  adapted  for,  and  indeed,  often  employed  in  the  most  laborious  exertions 
The  locomotive  organs  are,  therefore,  more  developed;  there  is  greater  intelligence,  and  the 
body  is  longer  in  coming  to  maturity  than  in  the  sheep,  and  the  muscles  are  more  interlaced 
with  sinew.  The  chest  and  the  nervous  systems  are  consequently  more  developed,  though  the 
belly  is  still  supreme.  The  Devon  cattle  have  long  been  regarded  as  the  best  workers,  and 
possess  greater  activity  in  their  locomotive  powers;  their  lungs  and  brain  are,  consequently, 
more  developed,  but  their  feeding  propei  ties,  as  might  be  anticipated,  somewhat  inferior  to 
the  Short  horn  and  Hereford;  but  of  late  years  horse  labor  being  found,  in  England,  more  ad- 
vantageous than  ox  labor,  the  disuse  of  the  latter  has  cuised  more  attention  to  be  paid  to  the 
feeding,  and  less  to  the  working,  qualities  of  the  Devon  cattle,  so  that  they  have  become  form- 
idable rivals  of  the  other  leading  breeds. 

In  the  Horse  the  brain  and  chest  are  far  more  highly  developed  than  in  the  ox,  but  there  is  a 
great  variety  in  this  respect  in  different  breeds.  Whilst  the  heavy  cart  horse  approaches  the 
ox  in  the  sluggishness  of  its  temperament,  and  the  preponderance  and  power  of  its  digestive 
organs,  the  thorough  bred  animal  is  distinguished  by  opposite  qualifications;  the  chest  and  the 
brain  are  more  highly  developed,  and  the  belly  no  longer  has  the  preponderance.  Although 
the  cart  horse  is  an  unprofitable  feeder  compared  with  the  ox,  yet  he  is  highly  profitable  as 
compared  with  the  thorough  bred.  A  hundred  pounds  of  hay,  or  a  bushel  of  oats,  will  make 
less  flesh  in  the  latter  than  in  the  former,  but  the  muscular  vigor  produced  by  it  will  be  in  n 
superior  and  more  concentrated  form.  A  cart  colt  will  thrive  on  keep  that  will  starve  a  tho. 
rough  bred,  but  the  former  will  sink  exhausted  from  exertions  that  will  not  even  tire  the  lat- 
ter. 


*  Leicester,  Dishley,  and|Bakewell,  are  synonymous,  when  speakingof  sheep;  they  mean  the 
same  breed,  Bakewell,  of  Dishly,  in  Leicestershire,  being  the  founder  of  the  breed;  hence, 
they  are  sometimes  called  after  his  farm,  "Dishley;"  and  again  after  the  county,  "Leicester;" 
and  again  after  himself. 


268  REPORT  OF  THE 

What  is  called  breed  in  horses  consists  in  the  superior  organization  of  the  nervous  and 
thoracic  organs  as  compared  with  the  abdominal;  the  chest  is  deeper  and  more  capacious,  and 
the  brain  and  nerves  more  highly  developed.  More  air  is  respired,  more  blood  purified,  more 
nervous  energy  expended.  Whilst  the  heavy  cart  horse  may  be  considered  to  possess  the  lym- 
phatic temperament,  the  blood  horse  may  be  regarded  as  the  emblem  of  the  nervous  and  san 
guine  temperament  combined — the  latter,  however,  predominating.  When  the  nervous  tem- 
perament has  the  ascendency,  the  animal  will  carry  but  little  flesh,  but  will  go  till  he  drops> 
never  seeming  to  tire.  When  the  sanguine  temperament  greatly  prevails,  the  horse  will  have 
great  muscular  powers,  but  not  much  inclination  to  put  them  to  the  stretch.  When  the  lym- 
phatic temperament  has  superior  influence  the  animal,  though  looking  fresh  and  fat,  and  start- 
ing well  at  first,  will  soon  flag  and  knock  up,  and  will  rather  endure  the  lash  than  make  an 
exertion.  It  is  the  happy  combination  of  the  three  temperaments  that  makes  a  perfect  horse, 
when  severe  exertion  is  demanded.  The  full  development  of  the  abdominal  organs  is  essen- 
tial, inasmuch  as  it  is  through  the  food  that  both  the  muscular  system  and  the  nervous  energy 
is  supplied.     If  the  digestion  is  weak,  the  other  powers  will  be  inefficiently  supplied. 

The  sanguinious  organs  are  neede'd  to  furnish  the  muscular  powers,  and  the  nervous  system 
is  demanded  to  furnish  the  muscles  with  the  requisite  energy,  and  the  capability  for  endurance. 
What  is  called  "  bottom  "  in  the  horse,  is  neither  more  no  less  than  the  abundant  supply  of 
nervous  energy,  the  muscles  being  at  the  same  time  well  developed. 

I  have  dwelt  at  some  length  on  temperament;  at  the  risk  of  being  tedious,  as  it  is  important 
as  elucidating  my  subject,  and  preventing  the  obscurity  which  often  creeps  in  when  speaking 
of  the  subject  of  breeding. 

A  well  bred  sheep,  and  a  well  bred  horse,  refer  to  totally  different  qualities,  and  in  aiming 
at  improvement  we  endeavor  to  foster  in  the  one  animal  that  which  we  would  fain  suppress  in 
the  other. 

The  general  object  of  improved  breeding  is  to  diminish  or  improve  the  defects  of  live  stock 
and  to  acquire  and  perpetuate  desirable  properties  ;  the  general  art  is,  to  make  such  a  selec- 
tion of  both  males  and  females  as  is  most  likely  to  promote  the  object  ;  and  the  general  prin- 
ciple is  the  governing  law  of  the  animal  kingdom — the  obvious,  yet  much  forgotten  maxim, 
that  "  like  produces  like,"  or  that  every  variety,  as  well  as  species  of  animal,  propagates  its 
own  kind.  The  simple  observation,  that  domestic  animals  produced  a  progeny  exactly  simi 
lar  to  themselves,  formed  the  basis  of  all  the  proceedings  of  our  first  great  modern  improvers 
of  British  live  stock.  Bakewell,  in  particular,  inferred  from  this  observation  that,  by  bring 
ing  together  a  male  and  a  female,  both  possessed  of  one  set  of  good  properties,  he  should  ob- 
tain these  properties,  perhaps  in  an  increased  degree,  in  their  offspring,  and  that  by  propoga- 
ting  from  males  and  females  of  the  same  properties,  through  a  series  of  generations,  he 
should  eventually  establish  a  breed  possessing  these  properties  as  a  permanent  and  distin- 
guishing characteristic.  When  he  carried  this  process  into  effect  and  found  it  to  be  success- 
ful, with  respect  first  to  his  long  horns,  and  next  to  other  breeds  of  cattle,  the  term  "  blood'" 
began  to  be  used  as  a  designation  of  it ;  and  in  all  subsequent  periods  whenever  a  breed  with 
any  valuable  characteristic  can  be  referred  to  a  number  of  ancestors  of  admitted  excellence, 
this  term  is  currently  and  emphatically  applied.  The  principle  of  the  improving  process,  that 
every  variety  of  domestic  animal  propogates  its  own  peculiar  properties,  is  the  pervading  law 
of  all  scientific  and  successful  breeding,  holds  true  with  regard  to  the  male  and  female,  and 
extends  not  only  to  constitution,  shape  and  organic  peculiarities,  but  to  nosological  tendencies 
and  habits,  and  to  almost  every  property,  no  matter  how  minute,  which  affects  an  animal's  econ- 
omical adaptations  and  market  value.  The  tendency  of  each  variety  of  domestic  animals  to 
propogate  its  own  peculiarities,  down  to  even  the  minutest  point,  is  so  prevalent  and  power 
ful  as  to  be  strictly  a  law,  and  perfectly  accounts,  not  only  for  all  the  successes,  but  also  for 
all  the  failures  and  for  most  of  the  apparent  anomalies  in  the  progress  of  breeding  improve- 
ments. "  Let  it  be  supposed,"  remarks  Youatt,  "  that  the  cattle  of  a  certain  farmer  have 
some  excellent  qualities  about  them;  but  there  is  a  defect  which  considerably  deteriorates 
from  their  value,  and  which  he  is  anxious  to  remove.     He  remembers  that  'like  begets  like,' 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  269 

and  he  looks  about  for  a  bull  that  possesses  the  excellence  which  he  wishes  to  engraft  on  his 
own  breed.  He  tries  the  experiment,  and,  to  his  astonishment,  it  is  a  perfect  failure.  His 
stock,  so  far  from  improving,  have  deteriorated.  The  cause  of  this  every  day  occurrence 
was,  that  lie  did  not  fairly  estimate  the  extent  of  the  principle  from  which  he  expected  so 
much.  This  new  bull  had  the  good  point  that  was  wanting  in  his  old  stock,  but  lie,  too,  was 
deficient  somewhere  also,  and  therefore,  although  his  cattle  had  in  some  degree  improved  by 
him  in  one  way,  that  was  more  than  counterbalanced  by  the  inheritance  of  his  defects.  Here 
is  the  secret  of  every  failure — the  grand  principle  of  breeding.  The  new  comer,  while  he 
possesses  that  which  was  a  desideratum  in  the  old  stock,  should  likewise  possess  every  good 
quality  that  they  had  previously  exhibited,  then,  and  then  alone  will  there  be  improvement 
without  alloy." 

The  aim  of  all  breeders  should  be  to  produce  animals  with  "  robust  "  constitutions.  "  Ro- 
bustness" of  constitution  implies  good  appetite,  healthy  digestion,  freedom  from  tendencies 
to  disease,  great  powers  of  endurance,  sturdy  health,  steady  growth  to  maturity,  and  facile 
ability  of  performing  the  offices  which  belong  to  the  particular  animal  in  the  economy  of  the 
farm  ;  and  it  is  indicated  by  very  numerous  features  in  each  anima!,  and  by  very  diversified 
ones  in  the  different  species 

A  question  of  great  niceness  and  difficulty,  and  one  which  has  been  the  topic  of  much  dis- 
cussion and  antagonism  among  agricultural  writers  is,  "Whether  the  breed  of  live  stock  be 
susceptible  of  the  greatest  improvement,  from  the  qualities  conspicuous  in  the  male,  or  from 
those  conspicuous  in  the  female  paivnt?"  Whilst  some  ascribe  the  principal  influence  to  the 
male,  others  consider  that  it  is  chiefly  due  to  the  female,  and  there  are  not  wanting  illustrations 
that  appear  to  support  either  theory.  The  freaks  of  nature  in  these  respects  are  certainly 
very  curious,  and  people  are  often  more  struck  by  a  remarkable  exception,  than  even  by  th© 
rule,  and  are  disposed  to  found  their  theoiies  accordingly.  The  Bedouin  Arabs  of  the  desert, 
so  celebrated  for  their  scrupulous  attention  to  the  purity  of  their  breed  of  horses,  who  can 
trace  a  pedigree  through  a  hundred  generations,  are  comparatively  indifferent  as  to  the  stallion 
but  prize  and  preserve  their  mares  with  the  most  rigorous  care.  They  will  part  with  the  for- 
mer for  an  equivalent  remuneration,  but  scarcely  anything  will  induce  them  to  dispose  of  their 
mares  if  they  belong  to  the  true  "kocklani"  breed.  From  this  well  known  fact,  it  has  been 
naturally  inferred  that  they  consider  the  influence  of  the  female  as  pre  eminent;  and  the  sup- 
porters of  this  theory  adduce  the  fact  just  mentioned  as  a  strong  argument  in  its  favor.  In- 
deed, at  first  sight,  it  would  appear,  when  we  consider  the  more  intimate  connection  of  the  fe- 
male with  the  offspring,  kept  up  during  the  long  space  which  elapses  between  conception  and 
birth,  that  the  influence  of  the  dam  must  be  greater  than  the  sire. 

Facts,  however,  appear  rather  to  support  an  opposite  doctrine.  The  offspring  of  the  male 
ass  and  female  horse  resembles  the  former  far  more  than  the  latter.  The  long  ears,  spare 
muscular  development,  narrow  feet,  and  sluggish  action,  are  almost  equal  peculiarities  of  the 
mule  and  the  as3. 

We  may,  therefore,  from  these  and  other  similar  facts  which  could  readily  be  adduced,  be 
justified  in  concluding,  that  so  far  as  regards  the  size,  general  appearance,  external  form,  and 
muscular  development,  the  influence  of  the  male  is  superior  to  that  of  the  female.  In  the 
human  being  it  has  been  noticed  that  mental  development  is  more  frequently  influenced  by  the 
mother;  and  that  talented  women  generally  become  the  mothers  of  talented  children,  evea 
when  the  fathers  are  not  remarkable  for  mental  superiority.  In  animals,  of  course,  it  is  very 
difficult  to  ascertain  whether  this  principle  obtains,  as  sagacity  is  not  sought  for;  but  I  think' 
that  temper,  disposition,  and  nervous  development  more  frequently  follow  the  female  than  the 
male.  These  remarks  are  offered  as  general  rules,  but  by  no  means  as  rules  without  excep- 
tions. The  fact,  however,  of  the  male  animal  begetting  from  50  to  100  offspring  in  the  cour30 
of  a  year,  whilst  the  female  seldom  produces  more  than  one  or  two,  must,  and  always  will 
cause  improvements  to  be  effected  in  breeds  of  animals  principally  by  means  of  the  male. 

The  Highland  Society  of  Scotland,  some  years  ago,  proposed  this  question  as  a  subject  of 
prize  essays,  and  afterwards  adjuged  four  essays  upon  it  to  be  worthy  of  premiums,  and  pub- 


270  REPORT  OF  THE 

lished  them  in  the  ir  transactions.  Mr.  Boswell,  of  Balmuto,  the  author  of  one  of  the  es- 
says, asserts  that  the  male  is  most  influential;  supports  his  opinion  well  by  an  appeal  to 
facts;  and  concludes,  "that  the  male  is  the  parent,  from  motives  of  sense  and  sound  pol- 
ity, which  we  can  alone  look  to  for  the  improvement  of  our  breed  of  live  stock."  The  Rev. 
Henry  Berry,  the  author  of  another  of  the  essays,  teaches  that  improving  power  in  breeds  is 
attributable  not  to  sex,  but  to  high  blood,  or  to  animals,  whether  male  or  female,  which  have 
been  long  aud  successfully  bred  and  selected  with  a  view  to  particular  qualifications,  yet  con- 
cludes, "  that  with  our  present  scanty  stock  of  information  on  this  difficult  question,  one  only 
'  rational  course  can  be  adopted  by  breeders,  viz:  that  of  resorting  to  the  best  male,  a  simple 
1  and  efficacious  mode  of  improving  such  stock  as  require  improvement,  and  the  only  proceed- 
ing by  which  stock  already  good  can  be  preserved  in  excellence."  Mr.  Christian,  of  Mill 
Forest,  another  of  the  Essayists,  asserts  that  the  offspring  bears  the  closest  resemblance  to  the 
pareut,  whether  male  or  female,  which  exerts  the  greatest  influence  in  the  formation  of  the 
foetus,  and  concludes,  "that  no  individual  animals,  either  male  or  female,  can  be  trusted  to 
'for  improvement,  and  that  the  best  breed,  and  most  perfect  animals  of  both  sexes  ought,  in 
'every  instance,  to  to  be  selected.''  Mr.  Dallas,  of  Edinburgh,  the  fourth  Essayist,  asserts 
that  the  male  is  the  more  powerful  for  external  qualities,  and  the  female  the  more  powerful 
for  internal  qualities,  and  infers  that  the  male  ought  to  be  selected  for  the  improvement  of 
color,  coat,  or  outward  form,  and  the  female  for  the  improvement  of  lactiferousness,  hardi- 
ness, temper,  and  freedom  from  tendency  to  any  description  of  internal  disease. 

"  The  opinions  of  Mr.  Boswell  and  Mr.  Berry,"  says  the  Rev.  John  M.  Wilson,  the  learn- 
ed editor  of  the  "Rural  Cyclopedia,"  the  best  work  I  know  of  for  the  farmer,  published  in 
Edingburgh,  in  lt-50,  "if  mutually  combined,  or  if  made  to  modify  each  other,  appear  to 
'  contain  the  whole,  or  very  nearly  the  whole,  of  the  truth  on  this  question;  and  the  opinions 
'of  Mr.  Dallas  and  Mr.  Christian  are  aliogether,  or  very  nearly  altogether,  fanciful — the  one 
'  in  theory,  and  the  other  in  fact."  The  power  of  blood,  or  of  regular  systematic  untarnished 
breeding,  through  a  series  of  generations,  appears  to  be  so  great  as  wholly  to  supercede 
mere  sexual  or  constitutional  power;  and  though  peculiarly  mighty  in  the  male,  is  al=o 
not  a  little  distinguished  in  the  lemale.  A  cow,  possessing  excellencies  by  pure  descent  from 
a  hirrh  ancestry,  holds  them  as  essential  elements  of  her  constitution,  and  will  transmit  them 
in  all  their  breadth  and  beauty  to  her  progeny,  while  a  bull,  possessing  by  tarnished  descent 
from  a  near  ancestry,  or  merely  by  a  cross  of  breeds  on  the  part  of  his  immediate  parents, 
holds  them  as  only  secondary  properties  of  his  constitution,  and  may  propagate  them  in  a  very 
marred  and  mutilated  condition. 

Mr.  A.  Walker,  in  a  recent  work  on  intermarriage,  has  endeavoreJ,  with  some  success,  to 
reduce  the  facts  connected  with  his  subject  to  a  system,  which  has  not  before  been  attempted. 
He  contends  that  organization  is  propagated  in  halves;  that  the  voluntary  and  locomotive  sys- 
tems are  produced  by  one  parent,  and  the  vital  and  sensitive  systems  by  the  other.  The 
former  is  generally  induced  by  the  male,  and  the  latter  by  the  female,  though  sometimes  we 
observe  an  opposite  result,  which  is  owing  to  the  female  being  sometimes  more  vigorous  than 
the  male.  This  theory,  I  must  acknowledge,  is  in  keeping  with  the  observations  I  had  made 
previous  to  seeing  Mr.  Walker's  book.  The  greater  part  of  the  work  in  question  relates  to 
mankind,  and  many  facts  are  adduced  to  show  that  when  the  forehead  and  face  of  the  off 
spring  corresponds  to  the  one  parent,  the  back,  head,  and  general  form  resembles  the  other; 
that  the  former,  and  with  it  the  vital  and  sensitive  systems,  are  derived  generally  from  the 
mother,  and  the  latter  from  the  father.  In  animals  we  do  not  notice  so  accurately  the  fea- 
tures of  the  face,  but  are  attracted  far  more  by  the  resemblance  offered  by  the  configuration 
of  the  body,  and  thus  we  are  more  impressed  with  the  greater  likeness  the  offspring  bears  to 
the  sire.  So  far  as  my  own  observations  go,  however,  the  face  more  frequently  resembles  the 
dam,  which  also  corresponds  with  the  author's  theory.  Mr.  Walker  condemns,  most  strongly, 
the  attempt  at  enlarging  any  breed  of  animals  by  means  of  a  larger  sire,  and  says  the  progeny 
is  most  likely  to  become,  in  consequence,  ungainly  and  coarse.  In  which  opinion  I  entirely 
agree.     He  adduces,  in   support  of  this  opinion,  the  vast  improvement  that  has  been  effected 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  271 

in  the  breed  of  horses  by  means  of  the  small  Arabian  Stallion — the  increased  size  of  our 
blood  horses  being  owing  to  the  original  native  mares — and  he  adds,  that  it  is  in  vain  to  en- 
large a  breed  of  animals  beyond  the  capabilities  of  the  locality. 

There  is,  however,  a  difficulty  in  the  application  of  Mr.  Walker's  theory,  when  applied  to 
animals.  He  says  the  locomotive  system  is  caused  by  one  parent,  and  the  vital  and  sensitive 
system  by  the  other.  Now,  if  he  includes  under  the  term  "  vital  system,"  the  disposition  of 
the  animal  to  form  ilesh  and  fat,  we  may  have  an  animal  with  a  full  and  powerful  locomotive 
svstem,  aud  yet  with  a  vital  system  utterly  incapable  of  maintaining  it.  And  though  it  is 
possible  that  this  very  anomalous  ease  may  occur,  it  is,  howev<  r,  very  unusual  amongst  ani- 
mals. As  far  as  my  own  observation  goes,  the  locomotive  system,  and  the  disposition  to  form 
flesh  and  fat  go  together,  and  these  are  generally  propagated  by  the  male  parent — as  when  a 
short-horned  or  Hereford  bull  is  used  with  an  ordinary  herd  of  cows,  or  a  Leicester  ram  with 
an  inferior  breed  of  sheep.  The  almost  invariable  effect  of  this  latter  cross,  is  to  produce  an 
animal  whose  feeding  and  fatteuing  qualities  very  closely  approximate  to  those  of  the  sire, 
and  are,  beyond  all  comparison,  superior  to  the  dam. 

iln  the  breeding  of  race  horses,  it  is  well  known  that  it  is  absolutely  imperative  to  breed 
from  animals  of  pure  descent.  If  any  stain,  or  admixture  of  impure  and  inferior  blood  has 
entered  into  the  composition  of  either  parent,  though  introduced  several  generations  back,  its 
effects  will  be  almost  sure  to  appear  in  the  offspring,  even  of  the  third  generation — nut  only 
as  it  affects  the  form  of  the  animal,  but  also  as  relates  to  his  powers  of  endurance  when  put 
to  a  severe  test.  It  is  not  in  actual  speed  that  the  stain  will  be  shown,  but  rather  in  bottom — 
for  many  a  cocktail  can  race  for  a  quarter  of  a  mile  with  a  thorough  bred,  though  in  a  four 
mile  heat  the  latter  will  be  first  and  the  former  no  where. 

A  farmer  who  commences  to  breed  either  cattle  or  sheep,  ought  first  to  make  a  deliberate 
decision  as  to  the  precise  excellencies  which  he  wishes  his  flock  to  possess,  and  next  a  very 
careful  selection  of  a  mile  who  exhibits  these  excellencies  in  the  fullest  development,  and  in 
freedom  from  accompanying  defects.  If  he  breed  at  one  time  with  a  view  of  obtaining  ani- 
mals with  one  set  of  properties,  and  at  another  time  with  the  view  of  obtaining  animals  with 
a  different  set  of  properties,  he  is  almost  certain  to  miss  the  attainment  of  both  sets  of 
properties,  or,  at  best,  to  obtain  them  in  a  very  deteriorated  condition.  But  if  he  decide  on 
precise  properties,  and  use  only  males  which  purely  and  prominently  possess  them,  and  stead- 
ily prosecute  the  establishment  of  them  in  all  his  stock,  he  is  morally  and  even  physically 
certain  of  becoming  the  owner  of  flocks  which  shall  exhibit  them  in  perfection.  Yet,  the 
selected  males  ought  not  alone  to  possess  the  desired  properties  full  and  un contaminated,  but 
to  be  the  descendants  of  a  series  of  progenitors  who  also  thus  possess  them;  and  if  they  are 
themselves  sires,  their  offspring  must  likewise,  and  most  especially  thus  possess  them;  for 
unless  a  counteracting  power  can  be  distinctly  ascribed  to  the  dams,  the  offspring  already  ex- 
isting is,  in  all  respects,  a  type  of  that  which  may  afterwards  be  produced. 

Lord  Spencer's  rules  for  the  selection  of  males,  though  in  some  degree  a  refutation  of  what 
we  briefly  stated  on  the  subject  of  "points,"  are  well  worthy  of  being  quoted  :  '"The  first 
'  things  to  be  considered  in  the  selection  of  a  male  animal  are  the  indications  by  which  it  may 
'  be  possible  to  form  a  judgment  as  to  his  constitution.  In  all  animals  a  wide  chest  indicates 
'  strength  of  constitution,  aud  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  this  is  the  point  of  shape  to  which  it 
'  is  most  material  for  any  breeder  to  look  in  the  selection  either  of  a  bull  or  ram,  or  other  ani 
'  mal  intended  for  a  sire.  In  order  to  ascertain  that  the  chest  of  these  animals  is  wide,  it  is 
'  not  sufficient  to  observe  that  they  have  wide  bosoms,  but  the  width  which  is  perceived  by 
'  looking  at  them  in  the  front  should  be  continued  along  the  brisket,  which  ought  to  show 
4  great  fullness  in  the  part  which  is  just  under  the  elbows;  it  is  also  necessary  that  they  should 
'  be  what  is  called  thick  through  the  heart.  Another  indication  of  a  good  constitution  is,  that 
'a  male  animal  should  have  a  masculine  appearance.  With  this  view,  a  certain  degree  of 
'coarseness  is  by  no  means  objectionable;  but  this  coarseness  should  not  be  such  as  would  be 
'  likely  to  show  itself  in  a  castrated  animal,  because  it  thus  might  happen  that  the  oxen  or 
'  wethers  produced  by  such  a  sire  would  be  coarse  also,  which  in  them  would  be  a  fault.     An- 


272  KEPORT  OF  THE 

•  other  point  to  be  attended  to,  not  merely  as  an  indication  of  a  good  constitution,  but  as  a  merit 
'  in  itself,  is,  that  an  Animal  should  exhibit  great  muscular  power,  or  rather  that  his  muscles 
'  should  be  large.     This  is  an  usual  accompaniment  of  strength  of  constitution;  but  it  also  shows 

•  that  there  will  be  a  good  proportionate  mixture  of  lean  and  fat  in  the  meat  produced  from  the 
'animal,  the  muscles  being  that  part  which  in  meat  is  lean.  A  thick  neck  is,  in  both  bulls 
•and  rams,  a  proof  of  the  muscles  being  large,  and  there  can  hardly  be  a  greater  fault  in  the 
'  shape  of  a  male  animal  of  either  sort  than  his  having  a  thin  neck.  I  am  inclined  to  say,  that 
'  in  the  new  Leicester  breed  of  sheep,  which  is  the  breed  to  which  T  am  accustomed,  a  rain's 
'  neck  cannot  be  too  thick.  Other  indications  of  muscle  are  more  difficult  to  observe  in  sheep 
'  than  in  cattle.  In  a  bull,  there  ought  to  be  a  lull  muscle  on  each  side  of  the  back  bone,  just, 
'  behind  the  top  of  the  shoulder  blade;  he  ought,  also,  to  have  the  muscles  on  the  outside  of 
'  the  thigh  full,  and  extending  down  nearly  to  the  hough.  It  will  seldom  happen  that  a  bull 
'  having  these  indications  will  be  found  deficient  in  muscle.  It  is  obviously  impossible  to  ex- 
'  press  in  words  what  is  meant  by  good  handling;  farmers,  for  whom  I  write,  will  understand 
'  this.  It  is  sufficient  to  say,  therefore,  that  no  male  animal  is  fit  to  be  used  at  all  as  a  sire, 
'"  whose  handling  is  not  good,  and  that  the  more  perfect  his  shape  is  the  better." 

The  system  of  breeding  within  near  degrees  of  consanguity,  or,  in  farmers'  language,  of 
breeding  in  and  in,  so  as  to  perpetuate  a  stock  of  sheep  or  cattle  solely  from  its  own  bulls  and 
rams,  his  been- the  topic  of  much  discussion,  and  was  long  the  subject  of  divided  and  unset- 
tled opinion.  The  degiees  of  consanguinity  vary  according  to  the  size  and  circumstances  of  dif 
ferent  flocks,  but  may,  in  a  general  view,  be  regarded  as  strictly  parallel  to  those  which  pro- 
hibit marriage  among  the  human  species. 

The  celebrated  improver,  Bakewell,  after  bringing  his  Leicester  sheep  and  his  long  horn 
cattle  to  perfection,  always  bred  from  his  own  stock,  and  thoroughly  succeeded  in  preserving  it 
from  every  appearance  of  degeneracy.  Mr.  Mason,  of  Chilton,  successfully  pursued  for  a 
time  the  same  course.  Other  distinguished  breeders  have  also,  with  various  degrees  of  suc- 
cess, and  for  periods  of  various  length,  pursued  it.  A  considerable  number  of  breeders  of  the 
present  day,  particularly  in  England,  still  practice  it,  and  regard  it  as  the  best;  and  several 
naturalists  have  appealed,  for  the  vindication  of  it,  to  facts  in  the  economy  of  wild  animals, 
and  especially  in  the  instance  of  the  exceedingly  prolonged  consanguineous  propagation  of  the 
flock  of  wild  cattle  at  Chillingham  Park. 

"  Mr  Bakewell,"  says  Mr  Culley,  "has  not  had  a  cross  from  any  other  breed  than  his  own 
'  for  upwards  of  twenty  years;  his  best  stock  has  been  bred  by  the  nearest  affinities;  yet  thev 
'  have  not  decreased  in  size,  neither  are  they  less  hardy,  or  more  liable  to  disorders;  but,  on 
'  the.  contrary,  have  kept  on  a  progressive  state  of  improvement.  But  one  of  the  most  con- 
'  elusive  arguments  that  crossing  with  different  stock  is  not  necessary  to  secure  size,  hardi- 
'  ness,  &c,  is  the  breed  of  wild  cattle  in  Chillingham  Park,  in  the  county  Northumberland. 
'  It  is  well  known  that  these  cattle  have  been  confined  in  this  P;trk  for  several  hundred  years, 
'  without  any  intermixture,  and  are  perhaps  the  purest  breed  of  cattle  of  any  in  the  Kingdom; 
'  and  though  bred  from  the  nearest  affinities  in  every  possible  degree,  yet  we  find  them  ex- 
'.  ceedingly  hardy,  healthy,  and  well  formed,  and  their  size,  as  well  as  color,  and  many  other 
'  particulars  and  peculiarities,  the  same  as  they  were  five  hundred  years  ago."  Mr.  Napier 
quotes  this  passage, and  appears  to  concur  in  it;  and  Mr.  Hay  ward  argues  at  much  length,  on 
a  diversity  of  grounds,  and  in  formal  opposition  to  Sir  John  Sinclair,  in  support  of  the  doc- 
trine which  it  inculcates.  Yet  the  true  law  of  either  improving  or  undeteriorating  propaga 
tion,  so  far  as  we  can  deduce  it  from  a  vast  mass  of  conflicting  observations  is,  that  consan 
guineousness  of  breeding,  viewed  apart  from  other  controlling  or  modifying  circumstances, 
acts  indifferently  in  the  wild  state  of  animals,  and  has  a  deteriorating  tendency  in  the  exact 
ratio  of  domestication. 

Mr.  Bakewell,  by  a  choice  selection  of  individuals,  improved  his  breeds  up  to  the  highest 
possible  pitch,  which  became  identical  with  the  utmost  possible  degree  of  domestication;  and 
he  afterwards  preserved  his  flocks  from  degenerating,  only  by  careful  attention  to  the  utmost 
attainable  proprieties  of  pairing,  and  especially  by  a   constant  and  costly  provision  of  the  fit- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  273 

test  climate,  the  amplest  shelter,  and  the  richest  food.  But  had  he  either  permitted  hig  im- 
proved breeds  promiscuous  intercourse,  or  allowed  them  to  live  under  the  ordinary  contuions  of 
common  pasturage  on  a  common  farm,  he  would  probably  have  witnessed  a  deterioration  al- 
most as  rapid  as  the  previous  improvement.  His  breeds,  too,  were  but  newly  formed;  they, 
under  his  own  management,  came  for  the  first  time  into  the  possession  of  the  characteristic 
properties  which  constituted  them  varieties  of  their  species,  and  they,  therefore,  in  all  or  any 
of  their  tendencies  to  degeneracy,  were  no  more  parallel  to  the  long  established  good  breeds 
of  the  present  day  than  a  hybrid  plant  of  the  first  generation  is  parallel  to  a  hybrid  of  the 
fourth  or  sixth  generation.  But  the  wild  cattle  of  Chillingham  Park  are  almost  contrasts, 
rather  than  parallels,  for  they  have  no  properties  whatever  of  a  "breed;"  no  qualities  of  a 
mere  variety;  no  "points"  whatever  of  the  very  numerous  and  diversified  class  which  charac- 
terize the  countless  breeds  of  domestic  animals,  and  distinguish  them  from  the  untamed 
brutes  of  the  forest;  and  of  course  they  could  not  degenerate;  they  could  not  lose  or  deterio- 
rate properties  which  they  did  not  possess.  The  acquisition  of  such  properties  as  constitute  r 
changeable  variety  is  inseparable  from  domestication,-  the  production  of  many  and  diversified 
groups  of  them  is  what  constitutes  the  Dumerousness  of  the  varieties  of  any  species  of  do 
mestic  animals;  the  segregating  a  groupof  good  ones  to  the  exe'usion  of  the  bad,  is  what  con, 
stitutesthe  art  of  breeding,  and  hence  the  very  proportion  to  whi  h  high  breeding  is  cair'ed 
becomes,  at  the  same  time,  both  the  proportion  of  domestication,  and  the  proportion  of  lia- 
bility to  deterioration  from  breeding  in-and-in. 

Consanguineous  breeding  operates  with  full  advantage  in  forming  a  new  breed,  or  in  devel- 
oping and  establishing  any  attainable  new  group  of  new  properties  which  may  be  desirable; 
but  it  ought  to  be  thoroughly  abandoned  the  moment  the  new  breed  is  fairly  form pd,  and 
never  practised  for  the  perpetuation  of  a  breed  which  is  well  established.  It  originated  th© 
good  sheep  and  cattle  breeds  of  Bakewell,  and  the  excellent  cattle  breed  of  Colling;  but  it 
first  degenerated,  and  then  utterly  destroyed  the  new  Leicester  breed  of  cattle,  and  has,  on 
multitudes  of  farms,  impaired  the  constitution,  and  deteriorated  the  value  of  the  new  Leices- 
ter sheep  and  the  short-horned  cattle. 

After  a  breed  is  formed,  the  continuance  of  it  by  breeding  in-and-in  may,  indeed,  produce 
one  generation  or  two  generations  of  animals  of  extraordinary  tendency  to  fatness,  of  re- 
markable form,  and  sometimes  saleable  at  enormous  prices,  but  it  will  just  as  certainly  occas- 
sion  the  subsequent  generations  to  be  far  more  than  proportionally  degenerated  in  precisely 
the  same  properties.  The  bone  of  the  in-and-in  bred  animal  becomes  very  small  in  size, 
condensed  in  texture,  and  fine  in  form;  the  skin  becomes  very  thin  and  porous,  and  ceases  to 
afford  any  effectual  protection  against  catarrh,  consumption,  and  some  other  diseases;  the  hair 
of  the  ox  becomes  thin,  short,  and  smooth,  and  the  wool  of  the  sheep  thin,  short,  and  watery; 
the  body  becomes  finely-  rounded  at  its  salient  points,  and  looks  as  if  delicately  stuffed  withiu 
the  skin;  the  carcass  becomes  greatly  reduced  in  size,  and  possesses  so  powerful  a  tendency  to 
fatten  that  in  all  ordinary  circumstances  it  looks  as  if  in  constant  condition  for  the  shambles; 
the  extremities  become  fine  and  delicate,  the  head  and  the  feet  small,  the  neck  thin  and  droop- 
ing, the  ears  thin  and  broad,  and  the  head  of  the  sheep  bluish,  almost  bare,  and  exceedingly 
subject  to  excoriation  by  the  sun  and  to  attacks  from  the  fly.  The  entire  animal  decreases  in 
healthiness  and  activity,  acquires  tendencies  to  disease,  becomes  lean,  dwarfish,  and  of  a  sick- 
ly appetite,  and  eventually  lo  >ses  the  very  capacity  of  propagation.  The  celebrated  breeder. 
Prinsep,  used  strenuous  and  expensive  efforts,  but  without  effect,  to  prevent  in  and  in  breed 
cattle  from  diminishing  in  size.  Sir  John  S.  Sebright  made  many  experiments  by  breeding  in 
and  in  with  dogs,  pigeons,  and  farmyard  fowls,  and  found  the  breeds  in  every  instance  to  de. 
generate;  and  a  friend  of  my  own  tried  in-and-in  breeding  with  pigs  till  he  found  the  females 
either  becoming  totally  barren,  or  producing  an  offspring  so  small  and  delicate  as  to  die  al 
most  immediately  after  being  born.  Mr.  Hay  ward,  who  strenuously  pleads  for  in-and-in  bred- 
in'er,  says  respecting  these  instances:"  "It  may  be  remarked,  that  pigeons,  dogs,  and  fowls, 
'from  their  long  domestication,  are  already  as  much  removed  from  a  state  of  nature  as  nature 
'  will  admit  of;  and  being  bred  and  fed  more  to  please  the  fancy  than  for  any  defined  object,  it 

18 


2  i  4  REPORT  OF  THE 

'  frequently  happens  that  the  most  desired  qualities  are  the  effect  of  disease  or  distortion;  and, 
'  therefore,  on  the  principles  laid  down,  it  might  be  expected  that  weak,  diseased,  or  defective 
'  males  and  females  being  selected  and  paired  would  produce  those  that  are  still  more  so." 
We  hold  this  to  be  a  full,  though  extorted  confession,  from  one  of  the  sturdiest  advocates  of 
consanguineous  breeding,  that  the  system,  as  regards  all  domesticated  animals,  and  especially 
those  that  have  become  divided  into  many  varieties  or  breeds,  is  essentially  and  mightily  mis- 
chievous. For  since  degeneracy  actually  follows,  no  practical  man  cares  a  rush  whether  this 
be  ascribed  to  in  and  in  breeding  itself,  or  to  the  mere  accidents  or  accompaniments  of  in  and- 
in  breeding;  and  absolutely  all  the  properties  which  distinguish  the  domesticated,  from  the 
wild  animals  of  a  species  may,  on  certain  principles  of  abstract  or  scientific  reasoning,  be  pro 
nounccd  distortions  from  nature,  or  diseased  malformations;  and,  at  all  events,  the  most  use- 
ful, or  the  most  agricultural  of  them,  possess  the  same  tendency  to  deteriorate  and  disappear 
as  those  which  address  themselves  chiefly  to  the  fancy,  or  are  most  confessedly  ;'the  effects  of 
disease  or  distortion."  Every  breeder,  then,  who  possesses  a  good  stock,  and  wishes  to  pre- 
vent it  from  degenerating,  must,  every  third  or  fourth  year,  introduce  to  it  a  new  male,  and 
banish  from  it  the  old.  The  new  male  ought,  as  nearly  as  possible,  to  be  of  the  same  variety 
or  shade  of  breed  as  the  old,  and  from  a  pasturage  and  climate  strictly  similar;  they  ought,  ia 
fact,  to  be  quite  the  same  in  all  respects  as  the  old,  with  the  simple  difference  of  possessing  no 
relationship,  or  at  least,  a  very  distant  one;  yet,  when  the  stock  is  not  of  prime  quality,  the 
new  males  ought  of  course  to  possess  not  only  all  the  same  excellencies  as  the  flock,  but  a'so 
the  additional  ones  which  the  flock  wants. 

In  the  human  family  intermarriages  amongst  near  relations — such  as  cousins — are  strongly 
objected  to  by  all  human  physiologists,  who  regard  it  as  the  fertile  source  of  many  diseases, 
and  more  particularly  those  affecting  the  mind.  Insanity,  consumptions,  and  even  b.irrenness, 
are  considered  to  be  the  consequences  of  these  two  close  alliances.  Man,  from  his  more  per- 
fect and  complex  organization,  is  liable  to  many  more  diseases  than  affect  the  brute  creation, 
and  particularly  those  of  an  hereditary  character;  thus,  in  his  case,  the  danger  from  breeding 
from  two  near  consanguinities  is  greatly  increased.  It  is,  however,  an  interesting  and  a  very 
important  question  to  determine,  whether  these  undoubted  dangerous  sequels  arise  from  mere- 
ly the  increased  predisposition  to  particular  diseases,  kept  up  and  increased  by  the  idiosyncra- 
cies  of  both  parents,  or  whether  it  be  owing  to  some  unknown  and  mysterious  causes  peculiar 
to  in  and  in  breeding,  and  which  cannot  be  seperated  therefrom. 

It  is  however  necessary  to  understand  what  is  meant  by  in  and  in  breeding,  as  its  good  and 
bad  effects  depend  very  much  on  the  extent  to  which  it  is  carried.  If  we  consider  that  every 
animal  possesses  the  organization  of  b  >th  its  parents,  such  as  the  locomotive  system  of  the 
sire,  and  the  sensitive  system  of  the  dam,  the  male  and  female  progeny  of  these  parents  may 
both  possess  the  same  organization,  such  as  the  external  form  of  the  sire  and  the  internal 
Btructure  of  the  dam;  or  otherwise,  one  may  possess  the  locomotive  system  of  the  mother,  and 
the  sensitive  system  of  the  father.  In  the  former  instance,  supposing  these  animals  unite,  the 
effects  of  in-and  in  breeding  are  much  stronger  than  in  the  latter,  for  both  the  locomotive  and 
the  sensitive  system  of  the  original  mile  parent  may  be  developed  in  the  grand  son,  and  with 
it  all  the  faults  which  the  grand  sire  possessed,  without  any  modification  or  alleviation.  If,  on 
the  other  hand,  his  brother  and  sister  which  are  thus  paired,  possess  opposite  systems,  then 
their  progeny  are  likely  to  possess  the  peculiarities  of  both  grand  parents,  and  then  no  ill  ef 
feet  may  arise.  A  much  stronger  example  of  in  and  in  breeding  is  when  the  father  first  copu- 
lates with  the  daughter,  and  then  with  the  issue  of  this  union,  namely,  the  grand  daughter; 
then  the  chances  are  three  to  one  th*t  the  offspring  of  the  latter  union  will  possess  both  the 
internal  and  external  systems  of  the  sire,  weakened  instead  of  strengthened  by  this  successive 
interunion.  The  dangers  of  this  very  close  breeding  are  certainly  very  great,  and  it  is  a  prac- 
tice by  no  means  to  be  recommended. 

In  th  >se  instances  where  in  and  in  breeding  has  been  successfully  adopted,  (and  it  must  be 
confessed  that  it  has  been  practiced  by  many  eminent  breeders  with  great  success.)  it  has  rare- 
ly been  carried  so  far  as  the  cases  we  have  just  supposed;  and  it  must  be  remarked,  that  their 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  275 

extensive  herds  and  flocks  have  afforded  them  a  much  wider  range  than  the  first  remove. 
They  have  also  exercised  a  rigorous  selection,  never  breeding  from  unhealthy  or  faulty  pa- 
rents. By  this  careful  weeding,  the  very  evils  which  in-and  in  breeding  is  calculated  to  pro- 
duee  are  successfully  avoided. 

It  is  to  be  observed,  that  though  the  celebrated  Bakewell  established  the  new  Leicester  breed 
of  sheep  by  means  of  successful  and  careful  crossing,*  yet,  when  he  had  reached  a  certain  de- 
gree of  excellence,  and  had  attained  most  of  the  points  he  aimed  at,  he  maintained  and  stiU 
further  improved  his  sheep  by  the  most  careful  selection  and  in  and  in  breeding;  and  he  did  so 
on  the  principle  that,  as  his  own  sheep  were  much  superior  to  any  others,  he  could  not  em- 
ploy any  foreign  rams  without  danger  of  deteriorating  his  sheep. 

The  practical  conclusions  which  we  are  ju?tified  in  drawing,  are — 

1st  That  in  and  in  breeding  is  not  attended  with  equally  unfavorable  results  amongst  ani- 
mals as  with  man,  which  is  to  be  attributed  to  the  absence  of  various  mental  diseases  in  the 
former,  and  to  the  greater  selection  which  is  almost  invariably  adopted 

2d.  That  the  evils  which  often  follow  in  and  in  breeding  can,  to  a  great  extent,  be  avoided 
by  judicious  selection  and  careful  weeding;  but  that  when  a  male  of  equal  qualifications  in 
every  respect  can  be  obtained  from  another  herd  or  flock,  it  is  desirnble  to  avail  ourselves  of 
the  opportunity,  in  preference  to  using  a  male  of  the  same  family. 

The  system  of  crossing  is  generally  understood  to  refer  to  the  alliance  of  animals  of  differ- 
ent breeds — such  as  between  a  thorough  bred  and  half  bred  amongst  horses,  or  a  Southdown 
and  Leicester  amongst  sheep — and  the  advantages  or  disadvantages  of  this  system  depend  en- 
tirely on  the  object  we  huve  in  view  ;  hence,  the  reader  will  see,  were  we  to  enter  into  the 
merits  and  demerits  of  this  subject  here,  to  what  a  length  we  should  be  obliged  to  extend  this 
essay.  However,  I  shall  make  one  or  two  remarks  on  the  subject  at  the  expense  of  a  little 
time,  on  account  of  their  usefulness.  It  is  a  fixed  maxim,  if  we  wish  to  instil  more  activity 
into  the  cart  horse,  or  broad  tread,  (as  they  are  termed  in  this  country,)  that  it  is  better  to  do 
so  by  means  of  a  half-bred  animal,  whilst  the  latter  can  be  improved  by  the  three-parts  bred 
horse,  and  this  again  by  the  thorough-bred.  There  is  a  remarkable  tendency  in  breeding  for 
both  good  qualities  and  bad  to  disappear  for  one  or  two  generations,  and  to  reappear  in  the 
second  or  third.  Thus,  an  animal  resembles,  very  often,  the  grand-dam  more  than  the  dam. 
This  peculiarity  is  itself  an  objection  to  the  practice  of  crossing,  as  it  tends  to  prevent  uni- 
formity and  to  encourage  contrarieties  ;  and  thus  we  find  in  many  flocks  and  herds  that  the 
hopes  of  the  breeders  have  been  entirely  baffled  and  a  race  of  mongrels  established.  The 
first  cross  is  generally  successful  ;  a  tolerable  degree  of  uniformity  is  produced,  resembling 
in  external  conformation  the  sire,  which  is  usually  of  a  superior  breed,  and  thus  the  offspring 
are  superior  to  the  dams.  The  cross  bred  animals  are  now  paired  amongst  each  other,  and 
what  is  the  consequence  ?  Uniformity  at  once  disappears.  Some  of  the  offspring  resemble 
the  graudsire,  and  some  the  granddams,  and  some  possess  the  disposition  and  constitution  of 
the  one,  and  some  of  the  other,  and  consequently  a  race  of  mongrels  is  perpetuated.  If,  how- 
ever, the  cross  is  really  a  good  and  desirable  one,  then,  by  means  of  continued  and  rigorous 
selection  pursued  for  several  generations — that  is,  by  casting  aside,  as  regards  breeding  pur- 
poses, every  animal  that  does  not  exhibit  uniformity,  or  possesses  the  qualifications  we  are 
desirous  of  perpeluiting — a  valuable  breed  of  animals  may,  in  the  course  of  time,  be  estab- 
lished. By  this  system  I  have  known  many  varieties  of  sheep  so  far  improved  as  to  become 
almost  new  breeds.  To  cross,  however,  for  crossing  sake  merely — to  do  so  without  that  care 
and  vigilance  deemed  so  essential — is  a  practice  which  cannot  be  too  much  condemned.  It  is^ 
in  fact,  a  national  evil,  a  sin  against  society  and  one  which,  by  every  prudent  and  good  far- 
mer should  be  most  carefully  avoided. 

In  order  to  prevent  at  once  unsuitable  pairing  in  properties,  breeding  at  an  improper  ages 
and  breeding  at  an  unsuitable  season  of  the  year,  the  male3  of  a  breeding  stock  ought  to  be 
Bepirately  depastured  from  the  females,  and   not   permitted  access  to  the  latter  except  by  rule 

*  The  practice  of  crossing  might,  at  first  sialic,  appear  to  be  but  the  converse  of  breeding 
in  and  in,  but  it  really  involves  additional  elements,  and  is  a  fit  subject  for  separate  discussion. 


276  REPORT  OF  THE 

and  under  system  ;  and  in  order  to  prevent  the  transmission  of  such  half  tender  habits  as 
might  not  be  able  to  withstand  the  ordinary  pasturing  conditions  of  a  farm,  the  males  ought, 
not  to  be  kept  under  better  shelter,  or  in  more  luxuriant  circumstances  than  the  females.  As 
a  general  rule  a  heifer  should  never  be  put  to  the  bull,  nor  an  ewe  to  a  ram,  until  they  have 
attained  two  years  old.  A  bull  should  never  be  used  at  an  earlier  age  than  two  years,  and 
aot  put  to  general  use  until  three  years  old.  A  ram  may  be  put  to  twenty  ewes  the  fall  after 
he  has  attained  his  first  year,  but  not  to  general  use  until  after  two  years  old.  Many  contend 
shat  the  offspring  of  a  bull  or  ram,  if  well  bred,  becomes  generally  better  until  their  constitu 
tion  is  impaired  by  age.  This  doctrine,  however,  does  not  agree  with  the  practice  of  that 
great  breeder,  Mr.  Vandergoes,  in  Holland,  nor  can  the  question  be  finally  decided  without  a 
regular  course  of  experiments. 

The  respective  influence  of  the  parents  in  determining  the  sex  of  the  offspring,  is  involved 
in  very  considerable  mystery.  Nature  seems  to  have  provided  that  the  sexes  should  be  pretty 
well  balanced,  buthas  refused  to  develop  the  causes  which  decide  them.  Physiologists  differ- 
much  in  opinion,  a3  to  whether  the  sex  is  determined  by  the  mother  or  the  sire — some  suppo- 
sing the  former  and  some  the  latter.  Sir  Everard  Home,  a  distinguished  physiologist,  was  of 
opinion,  "  that  the  ovum,  or  germ,  previous  to  impregnation,  is  of  no  sex,  but  is  so  formed  as 
to  be  equally  fitted  to  become  male  or  female,  and  that  it  is  the  process  of  impregnation  which 
marks  the  sex,  and  forms  either  male  or  female  generative  organs  ;  that  before  the  fourth 
month  the  sex  cannot  be  said  to  be  confirmed,  but  that  the  parts  previously  are  so  blended 
Chat  either  the  one  or  the  other  may  be  formed  therefrom,  as  the  tendency  towards  the  pater- 
nal or  maternal  type  may  preponderate."  This  would  account  for  the  disposition  which  some 
animals  have  to  beget  a  greater  number  of  one  sex  or  the  other. 

Mr.  Knight,  the  celebrated  naturalist,  was  inclined  to  the  opinion  that  the  female  is  princi- 
pally concerned  in  the  development  of  the  sex.  He  says:  "  In  several  species  of  domesti 
cated  animals,  (I  believe  in  all,)  particular  females  are  found  to  produce  a  majority  of  off 
spring  of  the  same  sex  ;  and  I  have  proved  repeatedly  that  by  dividing  a  herd  of  thiFty  cows 
into  three  equal  part3,  I  could  calculate  ou  a  large  majority  of  females  from  one  part,  males 
from  another,  and  upon  nearly  an  equal  number  of  males  and  females  from  the  remainder.  I 
frequently  endeavored  to  change  the  habits,  by  changing  the  males,  but  without  success." 

In  the  "Pbylosophical  Transactions"  of  the  year  1787,  mention  is  made  of  a  gentleman  who 
was  the  youngest  of  forty  sons,  all  produced  in  sucession  from  three  different  wives,  by  one 
father,  in,  Ireland.  An  instance  is  also  recorded  of  seven  successive  daughters  born  to  a  man 
by  his  first  wife,  and  of  seven  sons  by  his  second  wife. 

A  natural  law  is  believed  to  exist,  occasioning  an  excess  of  males  or  females  in  a  flock, 
according  to  modifying  circumstances,  which  are  in  a  great  degree  under  the  control  of  the 
farmer. 

This  law  is  supposed  to  be,  that  when  animals  are  in  good  condition,  well  fed,  and  res- 
trained in  breeding,  or  when  by  any  combination  of  circumstances,  they  are  in  the  most  favora 
ble  state  for  increase,  they  produce  an  excess  of  females,  and  when  they  are  in  a  bad  climate, 
or  on  stinted  pasture,  or  have  already  had  a  numerous  offspring,  they  produce  an  excess  of 
males.  But  whatever  be  the  precise  nature  of  the  law  itself,  some  experiments  which  in- 
dicate and  illustrate  it,  are  sufficiently  obvious  for  many  of  the  purposes  of  pracitcal  guidance, 
a  few  of  which  I  shall  here  relate. 

M  Charles  Giron  de  Bugareingues  proposed,  in  1826,  to  the  Agricultural  Society  of  Severac, 
in  France,  so  to  deal  with  flocks  of  sheep  that  an  excess  of  males  or  females  should  be  pro- 
duced at  option.  He  divided  each  of  two  flocks  that  were  submitted  to  him  into  two  equal 
parts,  the  one  to  produce  an  excess  of  males,  and  the  other  an  excess  of  females;  he  recom 
mended  that  the  divisions  which  were  designed  for  the  excess  of  females  should  be  served  by 
very  young  rams,  and  enjoy  an  abundance  of  pasture,  and  that  the  devisions  designed  for  the 
excess  of  males  should  be  served  by  vigorous  rams  of  four  or  five  years  of  age,  and  enjoy  no 
more  than  a  moderate  pasturage.  In  the  first  experiment  the  division  for  excess  of  females 
were  served  by  one  ram  of  fifteen  months  old,  and  another  of  two  years  of  age,  and  the  two- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  277 

year  old  ewes  of  it  produced  fourteen  males  and  twenty  six  females;  the  three-year  old  ewes 
produced  sixteen  males  and  twenty-nine  females;  the  four-year  old  ewes  produced  five  males 
and  twenty-one  females;  and  the  ewes  of  fire  years  and  upwards  produced  eighteen  males  and 
eight  females;  thus  showing  a  complete  triumph  of  the  principle  in  all  the  ewes  below  five 
years  of  age,  to  the  total  amount  of  seventy  six  females  against  thirty  five  males,  but  at  the 
same  time  showing  a  failure,  or  rather  misapplication  of  the  principle,  in  the  case  of  the  older 
ewes,  in  the  proportion  of  eighteen  males  to  eight  females.  The  division  for  excess  of  males 
were  served  by  two  strong  rams  of  respectively  four  and  five  years  of  age,  and  the  two-year 
old  ewes  of  it  produced  seven  males  and  three  females;  the  three  year  old  ewes  produced 
fifteen  males  and  fourteen  females;  the  four  year  old  ewes  produced  thirty  three  males  and 
fourteen  females;  and  the  ewes  of  five  years  and  upwards  produced  twenty-five  males  and 
twenty  four  females;  thus  showing  a  triumph  of  the  p-inciple  in  the  aggregate  of  the  divis- 
ion to  the  amount  of  eighty  males  against  fifty -five  females. 

The  second  experiment  is  reported  as  follows:  "  During  the  summer  of  1826,  M.  Cour 
'  mejouls  kept,  upon  a  very  dry  pasture,  belonging  to  the  village  of  Bez,  a  flock  of  one  hun- 
'  dred  and  six  ewes,  of  which  eighty  four  belonged  to  himself,  and  twenty  two  to  his  shep- 
'  herds.  Towards  the  end  of  October  he  divided  his  flock  into  two  sections  of  forty  two 
'  heads  each,  the  one  composed  of  the  strongest  ewes  from  four  to  five  years  old,  the  other  of 
'  the  weakest  ewes  under  four,  or  above  five  years  old.  The  first  was  destined  to  produce  a 
'greater  number  of  females  than  the  second,  After  the  first  were  marked  in  my  presence, 
'they  were  taken  to  much  better  pasture  behind  Panouse,  where  they  were  duly  delivered  to 
'  four  male  lambs,  about  six  months  old,  and  of  good  promise.  The  second  remained  on  the 
'  pasture  of  Bez,  and  was  served  by  two  strong  rams,  more  than  three  years  old.  The  ewes 
'  belonging  to  the  Shepherds,  which  I  will  consider  as  forming  a  third  section,  were  generally 
'  stronger  and  in  better  condition  than  those  of  the  master,  were  mixed  with  those  of  the  se- 
'  cond  flock.  The  result  was  that  the  first  section  gave  fifteen  males  and  twenty-five  females; 
'  the  second  gave  twenty  six  males  and  fourteen  females,  and  the  third  ten  males  and  twelve 
'  females." 

M.  Giron  also  made  similar  experiments  with  horses  and  cattle,  and  found  them  issuing  in 
similar  results. 

It  will  not  be  irrelevant  to  our  subject,  to  hear  what  the  great  Dr.  William  Harvey,  the 
discoverer  of  the  circulation  of  the  blood  says,  in  relation  to  this  whole  matter,  in  his  treatise 
on  "the  Generation  of  Animals."  "Physicians,  he  says,  following  Galen,  teach  that  out  of 
'  the  seed  of  male  and  female  mingled  in  coition,  according  to  the  predominant  power  of  thit 
'  or  that,  the  child  resembles  either  this  or  that  parent,  and  is  also  either  male  or  female. 
'  Sometimes  they  pronounce  the  male's  seed  to  be  the  efficient  cause,  and  the  female's  the  ma- 
'terial,  and  sometimes  again  the  clear  contrary.  But  Aristotle,  (nature's  most  diligent 
.  searcher,)  affirms  that  the  male  and  female  are  the  principles  of  generation,  and  she  con- 
'  tributes  the  matter,  and  he  the  form;  and  that  forthwith  after  coition,  there  is  formed  iu  the 
'womb,  out  of  the  menstrous  blood,  the  vital  principle,  and  first  particle  of  the  future  tcetus, 
'namely,  the  heart,  in  creatures  that  have  blood."  "But"  he  says,  "that  these  are  false  and 
'rash  assertions,  will  soon  appear,  and  will,  like  clouds,  instantly  banish,  when  the  light  of 
'anatomical  dissection  breaks  forth,  nor  will  they  require  any  elaborate  confutation,  when  the 
'  reader,  instructed  by  his  own  eyes,  shall  discover  the  contrary  by  his  ocular  inspection,  and 
'shall  also  understand  how  unsafe  and  degenerate  a  thing  it  is  to  be  tutored  by  other  men's 
•  commentaries,  without  making  trial  of  the  things  themselves,  especially  since  nature's  book 
'is  so  open  and  so  legible.  Although  it  be  a  more  new  and  difficult  way  to  find  out  the  na- 
'  ture  of  things,  by  the  things  themselves,  than  by  reading  of  books,  to  take  our  knowledge 
'  upon  trust  from  the  opinions  of  philosophers,  yet  must  it  needs  be  confessed,  that  the  lormer 
'is  much  more  open,  and  less  fraudulent,  especially  in  the  secrets  relating  to  natural  philos- 
'ophy;  nor  is  there  any  reason  why  man  should  be  detered  by  the  trouble  of  it,  were  not 
'most  of  men  by  the  custom,  or  rather  fault,  of  the  age  we  live  in,  yield  themselves  up  to 
'  sluggishness,  and  desire  rather  to  err  with    the  many,    than  with  the  expense  of  their   paine 


278  REPORT  OF  THE 

•and  coin  endeavor  to  be  wise  with  the  few,  notwithstanding  the  ancient  philosophers  went  a 
'quite  contrary  way  to  work,  and  by  indefatigable  toil,  searching  after  several  experiments, 
'  have  set  up  a  clear  light  to  direct  our  studies."  Then  follows  a  host  of  experiments  and 
researches  made  with  the  eggs  of  the  hen,  all  tending  to  show  the  greater  influence  of  the 
female  than  of  the  male,  the  most  remarkable  of  which  I  will  here  relate  in  his  own  words: 
"And  here  the  experimnt  of  poor  women  is  of  use,  which  having. a  hen  at  home,  but  never  a 
'cock,  they  commit  her  for  a  day  or  two  to  a  neighbor's  cock,  and  from  that  small  communi- 
'  cation,  all  her  eggs  succeed  fruitful  for  all  that  season;  that  is,  not  only  those  eggs  whi.h  now 
'  are  yolks,  and  only  want  a  white,  but  even  those  eggs  also  which  are  not  begun  yet  at  all, 
'  and  are  to  be  conceived  a  great   while  hence,  are  all  rendered  fruitful  by    the  same  virtue!" 

The  only  conclusion  we  can  come  to,  from  these  several  and  contradictory  statements  is, 
that  both  the  male  and  female  possess  a  certain  degree  of  influence  in  determining  the  sex; 
that  sometimes  the  one  operates,  and  sometimes  the  other.  There  is  also  much  weight  to  be 
attached  to  the  opinion,  that  when  the  male  is  older  than  the  female  the  majority  of  the  off- 
spring are  likely  to  be  males. 

An  Essay  written  in  Kentucky,  "On  breeding  Animals  for  the  Farm,"  would,  I  fear,  be 
considered  incomplete,  were  we  not  to  devote  a  paragraph  to  mules  and  jacks. 

To  Mr.  Samuel  Wyllis  Pomeioy,  (formerly  a  resident  of  Massachusetts,  but  now  I  believe 
residing  at,  and  the  owner  of  the  Pomeroy  Coal  Mines  on  the  Ohio  river,)  we  are  indebted 
for  more  information  respecting  these  two  animals,  and  their  history,  than  to  any  other  wri- 
ter in  the  English  language  on  the  same  subject;  to  every  word  of  which,  from  my  own  ex- 
perience in  search  of  them,  I  willingly  testify;  and  would  refer  my  readers  to  that  work  on 
the  "Mule  and  Ass"  for  information,  as  it  is  to  be  found  embodied  in  almost  every  veterinary 
work  published  within  the  last  ten  years. 

With  this  full  and  valuable  treatise,  so  easily  within  the  reach  of  all,  I  feel  it   would  be  a 
work  of  supererogation  on  my  part  to  say  more  upon  tfi'e  subject,  than  call  the   attention  of 
our  intelligent  farmers  to  their  system  of  breeding  and  feeding  both  animals,  and   that  prac- 
ticed by  the  farmers  of  Europe,  to  which,  when  they  turn  their  thoughts  and  draw   compari 
sons,  I  doubt  not  they  will  quickly  apply  a  remedy  and  corrective. 

All  that  has  been  said  in  the  foregoing  pages,  to  guide  us  in  the  selection  of  a  stallion  for 
our  mares,  is  equally  applicable  and  of  as  full  force  in  the  selection  of  a  jack,  either  for  the 
production  of  its  own  species  or  that  of  mules. 

If  the  rule  laid  down  by  all  experienced  breeders  be  true,"  that  to  keep  upthe  good  qualities 
we  desire  to  perpetuate,  in  any  race  of  domesticated  animals,  must  be  done  through  the  male, 
and  that  that  male  must  not  be  larger  than  the  female,  and  must  possess  all  those  essentially 
good  qualities,  or  we  fail,"  most  certainly  our  practice  in  this  country,  in  that  respect,  must 
be  false  and  wrong.  In  the  choice  of  our  male  ass,  all  other  qualifications  are  made  secon- 
dary to  height.  And  what  is  the  result  ?  Why,  simply  this,  that  we  have  now  amongst  us  a 
□  umber  of  male  asses  of  extraordinary  and  unequalled  height,  of  immense  nominal  value  oa 
account  of  that  height  alone,  but  entirely  destitute  of  those  qualities  for  which  these  animals 
are  so  justly  prized  in  every  other  country  in  the  world,  and  for  which  alone  we  ought  to  value 
them  here. 

Let  us  "  look  upon  this  picture,  and  then  upon  that,"  and  let  us  compare; 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


279 


TUTS  PICTURE. 

THE    AMERICAN    MALE    ASS. 

The  Animul — Tall,  coarse,  and  ungainly, 
with  long  legs. 

Height--Never  satisfied  at  less  than  six- 
teen h  ind-»,  and  over,  if  possible. 

Chest — Sniill,  narrow  and  contracted. 

Consequence — Bad  lungs,  weak  constitu 
tion,  tendency  to  disease  and  short  life. 

Average  of  Life — From  twelve  to  fifteen 
years — very  rarely,  if  ever,  reaching  twenty 
years. 

Body — Long,  thin,  and  slab  sided. 

Belly — Gaunt,  the  last  ribs  very  short,  and 
in  appearance  like  a  race  horse  on  the  muzzle. 

Back — Long,  and  dipped  at  the  loins. 

Muscle — None  developed. 

Consequence — Sluggish,  inactive  and  pow- 
erless. 

Eve — Dull,  dim,  small  and  sunken. 

Ear — Flabby  and  very  large. 

Color — Any  and  every  shade. 

Hair — Short  and  thin. 


THAT  PICTURE. 

THE    EUROPEAN    AND    EGYPTIAN    ASS. 

The  Animal — Medium  height,  short  legs, 
and  very  compact. 

Height — Rarely  over  fifteen  hands,  oftener 
under  fifteeu  hands. 

Chest — Deep  and  capacious. 

Consequence — Large  lungs,  robust  consti- 
tion,  freedom  from  disease  and  long  life. 

Average  of  Life — From  thirty  to  forty 
years,  and,  in  many  instances,  filty  years. 

Body — Short,  round  and  deep  ribbed. 

Belly — Full  and  capacious — the  last  ribs 
long  and  well  coupled. 

Back — Short  and  rounded  at  the  loins. 

Muscle — Full  and  well  developed. 

Consequence — Active,  vigorous  and  pow- 
erful. 

Eye — Bright  and  prominent. 

Ear — Erect,  and  not  too  long  or  large. 

Color — Invariably  dark,  with  gray  muzzle 
and  flank. 

Hair — Long  and  thick. 


The  American  female  ass,  generally,  is  much  better  proportioned  than  the  male,  but  yet 
wants  improvement  in  many  respects,  and  in  none  more  than  in  those  points  which  denote  a 
strong  and  robust  constitution. 

The  male  colt  in  Europe,  intended  to  serve  mares  to  beget  mules,  are  generally  taken  from 
their  dam  and  suckled  by  a  mare. 

All  the  imperfections  here  noted,  or  nearly  all,  are  encouraged  by  the  manner  in  which  the 
American  ass  is  kept  in  his  youth,  giving  him  a  forced  mushroom  growth,  by  over  feeding  and 
putting  up  fat,  at  the  expense  of  muscle  and  lean  flesh,  as  well  as  general  good  health,  and 
thereby  rendering  him  less  fitted  for  his  future  destiny  as  a  useful,  healthy,  vigorous,  and  ro- 
bust sire. 

We  shall  now  describe  the  mule  of  both  countries. 

Here,  we  have  a  tall,  long  legged,  narrow  chested,  sluggish  and  inactive  animal,  without 
muscle,  and  consequently  without  strength;  at  two  years  old  fully  16  hands  high,  bloated  and 
overloaded  with  fat,  appetites  palled  and  dainty,  and  consequently  filled  with  the  seeds  of  dis- 
ease; sent  off  to  the  southern  planter,  who  buys  him  at  a  high  price,  puts  him  to  work,  and 
kills  him,  or  renders  him  useless,  before  he  reaches  his  seventh  year,  and  then  contents  him- 
self by  ascribing  this  wholesale  destruction  to  the  climate. 

In  Europe  and  in  Egypt,  they  have  a  medium  sized  mule,  seldom  reaching  16  hands  high, 
with  deep  and  wide  chests,  full  of  muscle  and  sinew,  strong,  active,  and  sure  footed,  fed  just 
enough  to  keep  up  their  flesh  and  growth,  without  palling  their  appetites,  or  making  them  over- 
fat,  sheltered  from  the  weather,  never  getting  grain  in  the  summer,  and  but  little  in  the  winter 
until  put  to  work,  and  never  worked  until  four  years  old  past,  and  but  very  gently  the  first  year 
The  consequeuce  is,  the  mule  there  is  always  ready  to  pack  his  400  to  600  pounds,  or  draw  on 
his  dray  his  ton  weight;  and  the  average  age  to  which  they  live  is  between  30  and  40  years, 
and  disease  of  any  kind  is  entirely  unknown  amongst  them- 

The  southern  planter  must  be  a  much  less  intelligent  man  than  he  is  generally  reputed  to  be 
or  we  must  predict  that  the  day  is  very  near  at  hand  when  he  will  reject  altogether  the  over- 
grown, overfed,  premature,  monster  he  now  gets,  and  look  for  a  medium  sized,  well  developed 
animal,  with  robust  constitution,  and  over  four  years  old;  when  he  does  this  we  will  then  hear 
of  the  same  mules  passing  from  father  to  son  with  the  plantation,  and  not  unfrequently  to  the 
grandson. 

Such  mules  can  only  be  procured  by  putting  large,  sound,  well  shaped  mares  to  a  medium 
sized,  well  shaped,  muscular  and  robust  constitutioned  jack,  and  allowing  the  offspring  good 
and  plentiful  feeding,  and  ample  time  to  form  their   bone,  and  develope  their  muscle,  and  not 


280  REPORT  OF  THE 

force  them  by  their  present  hot  bed  and  expensive  system  into  prematureness,  fill  them  with 
disease,  and  lay  the  foundation  of  an  unnaturally  short  and  comparatively  useless  life. 

I  will  not,  I  trust,  be  condemned  for  setting  before  you  some  things  which,  at  first  blush, 
may  seem  fabulous  and  fictitious.  For,  as  all  things  are  not  to  be  received  with  two  much 
credulity,  so  those  things  which  have  been  long  and  exactly  considered  are  not  utterly  to  be 
despised,  "though  they  do  not  appear  so  rare  to  sharp  witted  men." 

Aristotle,  in  his  book  called  "Mirabilibus  Auditis,"  or  "Hearsay  Wonders,"  says,  "we  must 

*  not  only  pay  thanks  to  them,  to  whose  opinions  a  man  may  safely  subscribe,  but  to  those  also 
'  who  have  spoken  superficially  to  the  purpose;  for  even  they,  also,  are  of  some  use,  for  they 
'  exercise  our  habits." 

I  shall  content  myself,  if  by  what  I  lay  before  you  I  shall  awaken  the  wits  of  more  industri- 
ous and  wiser  head3  to  thinking  and  experiment. 

Man  cannot  search  after  a  more  august  theorem,  nor  learn  anything  of  more  use  than  this, 
namely,  how  all  things  are  produced  by  an  univocal  agent?  or  after  what  manner  the  same 
thing  doth  generate  the  same?  Just  in  this  manner  the  sou  is  born  like  the  father,  and  the 
virtues  which  ennoble  a  family,  and  the  hereditary  vices  also,  are  sometimes,  after  many  gen- 
erations, transported  to  posterity,  nay,  succession  has,  at  a  vast  remote,  repeated  the  very 
moles,  warts,  and  scars  which  the  great  grand  sires  formerly  wore. 

Pliny  says,  "the  mark  of  the  family  is  repeated  in  the  arras  of  the  Daci,  every  fourth  birth. 
'  That  mind,  opinion,  and  these  very  manners,  which  are  now  out  of  use,  may  many  years 
'hence,  (when  all  those  are  decryed  which  are  now  received,)  return  again.  For  the  eternal 
'  mind  of  the  Divine  Creator,  which  is  imprinted  in  all  things,  doth  create  the  image  of  itself 
'  in  human  conceptions." 

The  great  dictator  of  philosophy  says,  "other  creatures  (beside  man)  have  fancies  and  mem- 
'  ories,  but  have  no  title  to  experience.  But,  men  have  arts,  and  ratiocination;  and  to  them  ex. 
'perience  comes  by  remembrance,  for   many  recordations  of  the   same  thing,  make  one  expe- 

*  rience.  Wherefore  experience  seems  much  of  kin  to  art,  and  science:  for  by  experience, 
'  men  gain  both  art  and  science.  Experience  begets  art,  but  inexperience,  chance.  No  man 
'  can  be  called  prudent,  or  knowing  who  doth  not,  by  his  own  experience,  attained  by  manifold 
'  remembrance  and  diligent  observation,  know  things  to  be  so." 

Give  me  leave  therefore,  friendly  reader,  to  whisper  this  to  thine  ear:  Be  sure  to  weigh  all 
I  have  here  delivered  to  you  in  the  steady  scale  of  experiment,  and  give  no  longer  credence  to 
it  than  von  perceive  it  to  be  surely  bottomed  by  the  faithful  testimony  of  your  own  eyes.  If 
you  do  otherwise  you  may  get  a  tumid  and  floating  opinion,  but  never  a  solid  and  infallible 
knowledge,  as  it  happens  to  those  who  see  foreign  countries  only  in  maps,  and  the  bowels  of 
men  and  animals  falsely  described  in  anatomical  tables,  for,  hence  it  is,  that  we  have  so  many 
sophisters. 

Thus  much  I  think  fit  to  premise,  that  you  may  understand  upon  what  consideration  I  am 
induced  to  communicate  my  observations,  and  in  the  hope  that  you,  viewing  nature  in  her 
own  glass,  may  search  out  many  things  yet  unrevealed,  and  perhaps  much  more  precious. 

Nature  herself  must  be  our  adviser.  The  path  which  she  chalks  out  must  be  our  walk;  for 
so  while  we  confer  with  our  own  eyes,  and  take  our  rise  from  meaner  things  to  higher,  we 
shall  at  length  be  received  into  her  closet  secrets. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  281 

Fssay   on   the    Cultivation   of   Fruit  and  Fruit    Trees,  of  Kentucky,   by  J.   N. 

Withers. 

The  chief  business  of  private  life  in  the  country,  consists  in  the  occupation  of  housewifery, 
agriculture  and  gardening.  Gardening,  to  a  portion  of  which  branch  we  wish  here  to  confine 
ourselves,  as  compared  with  agriculture,  is  the  cultivation  of  a  limited  spot  by  manual  labor, 
for  culinary  and  ornamental  products,  but  owing  to  the  present  improved  state  of  the  art,  it 
may  be  defined  the  formation  and  culture,  by  manual  labor,  of  a  scene  more  or  less  extended, 
for  the  various  purposes  of  utility,  ornament  and  recreation.  Thus  gardening,  like  most  other 
arts,  had  its  origin  in  the  supply  of  a  primitive  want ;  and  as  wants  grew  into  desires,  and 
desires  increased,  and  became  more  luxurious  and  refined,  its  objects  and  its  province  ex- 
tended, till  from  an  enclosure  of  a  few  yards  square  it  has  expanded  to  a  park  of  several 
miles  in  circuit,  producing  for  its  possessor  the  fruits  of  every  country  and  clime. 

Tne  products  of  the  orchard  form  important  articles  of  human  food,  for  all  ranks  of  soci- 
ety, and  furnish  the  chief  luxuries  of  the  rich  and  the  main  support  of  the  families  of  the 
poor.  An  orchard,  to  a  workman  residing  in  the  country,  forms  a  deposit  for  his  spare  labor, 
and  is,  therefore,  a  certain  source  of  profit,  as  well  as  of  pleasureable  recreation.  .  One  of 
the  first  objects  of  a  colonist,  upon  his  arrival  at  the  settlement,  is  to  plant  an  orchard,  as  a 
proof  of  possession  and  a  pledge  of  future  enjoyment ;  and  indeed  the  history  of  the  civiliza- 
tion of  mankind  bears  evidence,  that  there  are  few  benefits  which  a  cultivated  people  can  be- 
stow on  savage  tribes,  greater  than  that  of  distributing  among  them  seeds  of  good  fruits,  and 
teaching  them  their  culture.  From  the  course  pursued  by  the  first  settlers,  of  procuring  an 
orchard,  being  compelled  on  account  of  the  length  of  the  journey  to  bring  only  seed,  have 
scattered  over  the  whole  length  and  breadth  of  the  State  innumerable  varieties  of  different 
fruits,  the  greater  portion  of  which  are  almost  worthless,  but  the  small  portion  that  are  good 
are  superior  to  those  brought  from  other  latitudes,  on  account  of  their  being  perfectly  suited 
to  our  climate  and  soil.  We  have,  from  time  to  time,  received  trees  of  various  kinds  of  the 
best  northern  fruit,  which,  as  is  invariably  the  case,  have  been  grown  in  very  thick  nursery 
rows,  where  their  stems  have  never  been  accustomed  to  the  rays  of  the  sun,  even  in  the 
northern  latitude,  therefore,  tikingthem  from  their  shaded  position,  bringing  them  to  a  differ- 
ent climate,  and  setting  them  in  a  different  soil,  their  stems  cannot  stand  our  scorching  sun, 
and  it  is  almost  invariably  the  case  that  it  takes  such  trees  one,  two,  or  sometimes  even  three 
years  to  make  a  start  to  grow.  But  the  greatest  disadvantage  is  not  so  much  the  tree  as  the 
fruit,  for  many  of  the  very  best  northern  varieties  of  fruit  prove  utterly  worthless  here. 

Every  year's  experience  teaches  us  that  no  fruit  can  be  grown  as  near  perfection  out  of  the 
latitude  as  it  can  in  the  latitude  where  it  originated.  To  insure  successful  cultivation  we 
must  have  varieties  that  are  adapted  to  the  peculiarities  of  our  soil  and  climate.  The  fact  is 
well  established,  that  the  fruit  which  succeeds  best  in  peculiar  localities  are  those  which  orig- 
inated there,  or  in  others  slightly  different.  Therefore,  to  secure  success  in  fruit  culture,  we 
must  either  procure  varieties  that  have  originated  here,  or  else  get  varieties  that,  after  close 
observation,  appear  to  be  adapted  to  our  climate.  With  these  facts  and  disadvantages  before 
us,  which  it  is  not  within  our  power  to  remedy,  so  long  as  we  continue  to  purchase  trees  from 
northern  nurserymen,  whose  agents  are  continually  flooding  the  country,  but  as  we  have  a 
climate  unsurpassed,  and  a  soil  naturally  adapted  to  the  production  of  fruit,  and  many  other 
advantages  that  we  possess  over  our  northern  neighbors,  affording  us  the  opportunity  of  ma- 
king this  the  Eden  of  the  Union. 

My  advice  to  all  the  lovers  of  good  fruit  would  be,  to  plant  every  good  seed  you  can  get. 
We  mean  the  sepd  of  those  fruits  which  succeed  best  here;  by  such  a  course,  we  think,  in  a 
few  years  we  could  take  premiums  over  the  northern  fruit  at  the  different  state  fairs  through- 
out the  Union. 

A  common  practice  among  those  that  raise  fruit  trees  from  seed  is,  in  the  second  or  third 
year,  to  select  such  plants  as  have  broad  and  roundish  leaves,  throwing  away  the  rest,  expe- 
rience having  taught  that  the  former  more  frequently  produces  fruit  of  improved  quality,  or 
at  least  larger,  than  those  plants  which  have  narrow  pointed  leaves;  the  width   and  thickness 


282  EEPORT  OF  THE 

of  the  leaf  generally  indicates  the  size  of  the   future  fruit,  but  will  by  no  means   convey  any 
correct  idea  of  its  future  merit. 

THE    SITUATION    AC.,  OF    AN    ORCHARD. 

When  you  have  determined  to  plant  an  orchard,  select  a  piece  of  ground  containing  as  ma- 
ny advantages  as  possible.  The  situation  should  be  one  that  has  a  free  circulation  of  air, 
and  exposed  to  the  south,  with  a  slight  inclination  to  the  east.  When  the  siruation  is  low  and 
close  they  are  liable  to  become  mossy,  which  closes  up  the  pores  of  the  wood,  and  are  more 
liable  to  be  affected  with  the  blight.  Although  having  an  orchard  closely  pent  up  by  trees, 
&c,  is  injurious,  nevertheless  a  screen  of  forrest  trees  north  of  the  orchard,  at  such  a  dis- 
tance from  the  fruit  trees  as  that  the  latter  will  not  be  shaded  by  them,  is  of  very  great  ad- 
vantage in  protecting  the  trees  from  severe  cold  winds  in  the  spring. 

A  strung  rich  loamy  soil,  not  too  retentive  of  moisture,  is  the  most  suitable  for  an  orchard. 
Great  attention  must  be  paid  to  the  substratum,  for  if  the  top  soil  be  ever  so  good,  and  the 
bottom  wet,  it  is  of  very  rare  occurrence  that  the  trees  prosper  many  years,  when  they  begin 
to  be  diseased  and  finally  go  to  decay.  Previous  to  laying  out  an  orchard,  if  it  is  not  rich,  it 
should  be  heavily  manured,  and  pulverised  to  a  great  depth,  that  the  roots  in  quest  of  nutri- 
ment may  have  no  objects  to  contend  against.  If  the  orchard  is  to  be  made  from  a  meadow 
the  ground  should  be  improved  as  much  as  possible  by  manuring,  if  necessary,  and  frequent 
ploughings  and  harrowings,  as  newly  planted  trees  are  very  liable  to  burn  out  during  our  hot 
summers,  when  planted  in  heavy  sod  ground.  At  the  time  of  planting  let  the  holes  be  dug 
much  larger  than  is  necessary  to  admit  the  roots  spread  out  in  their  natural  position,  and  of  a 
depth  sufficient  to  admit  of  a  foot  of  finely  pulverised  earth  to  be  thrown  in  before  plant- 
ing. 

TRANSPLANTING. 

In  transplanting  trees  they  should  not  be  placed  more  than  an  inch  or  two  deeper  than 
they  were  in  the  nursery,  ani  the  earth  intended  for  filling  in  with  should  be  well  pulverised, 
and  of  the  best  quality.  The  trees  in  planting  should  several  times  be  shaken,  so  as  to  cause 
an  equal  distribution  of  the  fin  >r  particles  of  earth  to  be  connected  with  the  smaller  fibres  of 
the  roots,  and  when  the  hole  is  half  full  throw  on  a  bucket  of  water,  after  which  fill  it  up 
level  and  then  throw  on  another  bucket  of  water,  which  settles  the  earth  compactly  around 
the  roots. 

STAKING. 

If  the  stem  of  a  tree  is  rocked  by  the  wind,  the  root  is  prevented  from  shooting  new  fibres; 
the  ground  is  also  opened  so  that  in  winter  frost  penetrates,  and  in  summer  hot  drying  winds. 
Having  set  up  a  fiim  stake  to  each  newly  planted  tree,  wrap  the  stem  of  the  tree  with  some 
soft  material  to  prevent  it  from  rubbing,  and  then  with  some  of  the  same  tie  it  firmly  to  the 
stake. 

MULCHING. 

Around  the  stem  of  each  tree,  a  foot  or  eighteen  inches  in  diameter,  lay  four  or  five  inches 
of  littery  dung,  over  which  sprinkle  a  little  earth — just  enough  to  prevent  it  from  being  blown 
awav.  This  both  nourishes  the  young  fibres,  and  keeps  the  ground  about  them  moist  in  hot 
weather,  if  wetted  freely  once  or  twice  a  month. 

SEASON    FOR   TRANSPLANTING. 

Spring  is  the  season  we  find  most  pleasure  in  making  onr  rural  improvements;  from  thia 
circumstance  probably,  it  has  become  the  general  time  for  planting  trees;  but  experience  has 
proved  fully  that  the  best  season  for  planting  an  orchard  is  the  autumn,  as  soon  as  the  trees 
have  repined  their  wood  and  dropped  their  leaves.  If  the  transplanting  be  properly  executed 
at  this  season,  the  trees  will  push  out  fresh  fibres  the  same  year,  and  be  ready  and  able  to 
push  out  vigorous  shoots  in  the  spring.  When  autumn  planting  is  impracticable  the  next  be3t 
season  is  in  the  beginning  of  February,  or  as  early  as  the  season  will  permit. 

CHOICE    OF    FRUIT    TREES. 

Whatever  species  or  varieties  of  fruit  trees  are  wanted,  select  those  that  are  vigorous  and 
straight,  and  of  a  healthy  appearance.     Whether  they  have  been  grafted  or  budded,  be  careful 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  283 

to  select  such  as  have  been  worked  on  young  stocks.  Grafts  or  buds  inserted  into  old  stunted 
stocks  seldom  succeed  well.  Trees  that  are  healthy  have  always  a  smooth,  clean,  shining 
bark;  such  as  are  mossy,  or  have  rough,  wrinkled  bark,  should  be  rejected. 

TREES    ON    THEIR    ARRIVAL    AT    THE    PLACE    OF   THEIR   DESTINATION. 

As  soon  as  the  trees  arrive,  let  a  trench  be  dug  in  cultivated  ground,  the  bundles  unpacked, 
the  roots  well  wetted,  and  immediately  covered  with  earth  in  the  trtnehes,  observing  to  put 
the  finest  earth  next  the  roots,  so  as  to  leave  no  vacancies  for  the  admission  of  air  to  dry  the 
roots,  it  having  been  observed,  after  several  years'  experience,  that  the  thriltinessof  trees,  th© 
first  year  after  transplanting,  depends  much  on  the  fine  fibres  of  the  roots  being  kept  moist, 
and  not  suffered  to  dry  from  the  time  they  are  taken  up  until  they  are  replanted.  Their  thrifti- 
ness,  therefore,  must  depend  principally  on  their  management  upon  their  arrival  at  the  place 
of  their  destination;  for  if,  when  the  bundles  are  unpacked,  the  trees  are  carelessly  exposed  to 
the  drying  winds,  the  young  fibres  of  the  roots  must  perish,  and  the  trees,  if  they  live  at  all, 
cannot  thrive  the  first  season,  as  they  receive  but  little  nourishment  until  those  fibres  are  re- 
placed. 

DISTANCES    OF    PLANTING    FRUIT    TREES. 

The  ultimate  distance  at  which  apple  and  pear  trees  should  stand  in  an  orchard  is  from  thirty 
to  forty  feet,  more  or  less,  according  to  the  quality  of  the  soil,  taking  for  a  medium  thirty  six 
feet,  which  would  require  forty  one  trees  to  plant  an  acre.  Peaches,  cherries,  and  plums,  may 
be  planted  at  from  twenty-four  to  thirty  six  feet,  according  to  soil,  taking  for  a  medium  thirty 
feet,  at  which  distance  an  acre  would  contain  forty-eight  trees.  But  it  would  be  advisable,  in 
planting  an  apple  and  peach  orchard,  to  plant  alternately  an  apple  and  peach  row,  as  by  the 
time  the  apple  trees  w.mld  come  into  bearing,  the  peach  trees  would  be  out  of  the  way.  In 
such  a  case,  twenty  feet  would  be  sufficient  width  for  the  rows  to  be  planted  apart;  an  acre 
would  contain  one  hundred  and  eight  trees. 

PRUNING  YOUNG  FRUIT  TREES. 

The  object  of  pruning  young  fruit  trees  is  to  form  a  proper  head.  Generally  speaking,  the 
shoots  may  be  pruned  in  proportion  to  their  length,  cutting  away  such  as  cross  one  another, 
and  fanning  the  tree  towards  the  extremities  on  all  sides,  thereby  keeping  it  equally  poised, 
and  fit  to  resist  the  effects  of  high  winds.  When  it  is  wished  to  throw  a  young  orchard  into 
bearing,  the  leading  branches  should  be  very  little  shortened,  and  the  lower  or  side  branches 
not  at  all;  nor  should  the  knife  be  used  only  to  cut  out  such  shoots  as  cross  one  another. 

PRUNING  BEARING  TREES. 

After  an  orchard  has  come  into  bearing,  continue  at  the  time  of  winter  pruning,  either  every 
one,  two,  three,  or  four  years,  as  an  occasion  presents  itself,  to  cut  out  all  unproductive  wood 
and  decayed  parts.  When  fruit  spurrs  are  too  numerous,  cut  out  the  most  unsightly.  Also 
cut  out  all  sprout9  that  may  grow  up  in  the  centre,  which  should  be  kept  pretty  open  for  the 
free  circulation  of  air. 

DISEASES    OF    FRUIT  TREES. 

When  trees  are  planted  in  bad  soil,  or  in  unfavorable  situations,  they  often  become  diseased 
When  this  happens,  the  best  remedy  is  good  pruning,  and  keeping  the  trees  clean  by  a  free  use 
of  soap  and  water;  if  that  will  not  do,  they  may  be  headed  down,  or  moved  to  a  better  situa- 
tion. Barrenness  and  disease  are  generally  produced  by  the  bad  qualities  of  the  soil  or  the 
inroads  of  insects.  These  incidents  generally  show  themselves  in  the  early  part  of  the  year. 
The  leaves  are  curled  and  ragged,  and  any  but  their  natural  green  branches  in  a  decaying 
state,  the  gum  ozing  from  various  parts  thereof,  are  all  certain  proofs  of  the  existence  of  dis- 
ease. In  the  North,  the  pear  and  the  quince  trees  are  subject  to  the  blight,  and  the  peach 
trees  to  the  yellows;  but  neither  of  these  diseases,  to  our  knowledge,  have  ever  appeared  in 
this  section  of  Kentucky.  Generally,  careful  pruning,  cleaning  the  bark  with  a  brush,  apply- 
ing soap  and  water  to  the  leaves,  and  occasionally  putting  good  manure  to  the  roots,  will  reme- 
dy most  diseases  in  fruit  trees,  if  of  not  too  long  standing. 


REPORT  OF  THE 

ENEMIES   TO    FRUIT    AND    FRUIT   TREES. 

The  most  destructive  enemy  to  fruit  trees  is  the  rabbit,  from  its  habit  of  barking  trees;  from 
this,  however,  they  may  be  deterred  by  smearing  the  stem  with  tar,  soft  soap,  or  grease  of  any 
kind.  A  very  injurious  insect  to  trees  is  the  borer,  which  feed9  upon  the  soft  inner  bark  only. 
It  should  be  taken  out  with  a  knife  aud  destroyed;  for,  if  left,  in  a  short  time  they  will  effect- 
ually destroy  the  tree.  After  the  worms  have  been  removed,  the  wound  should  be  covered 
over  with  tar  or  grafting  wax.  The  greatest  enemy  to  fruit  is  the  Curculio.  This  insect  passes 
the  winter  in  the  earth  in  a  chrysalis  state,  and  if  suffered  to  remain  unmolested  by  the  ama- 
teur, will  be  ready  to  commence  its  attacks  about  the  time  the  blossoms  appear  upon  our  fruit 
trees.  The  eggs  are  deposited  principally  in  the  smooth  stone  fruit,  at  a  very  early  stage  of 
their  growth;  these  eggs  soon  hatch,  and  small  maggots  are  produced,  which  exist  in  the  fruit, 
causing  it  to  drop  off  prematurely,  with  the  little  enemy  within.  If  this  fruit  be  immediately 
gathered  up,  or  destroyed  by  geese,  chickens,  or  other  animals,  a  check  may  be  put  to  their 
ravages  in  succeeding  years,  but  if  suffered  to  remain,  they  will  be  a  troublesome  enemy  for 
years. 

CROPPING. 

It  is  proper  to  crop  the  ground  among  newly  planted  orchards  for  a  few  years,  in  order  to  de- 
fray the  expenses  of  cultivating  it,  which  should  be  done  until  the  trees  have  attained  proper 
size  to  go  into  bearing,  and  then  it  should  be  sown  down  in  orchard  grass.  But  it  is  by  no  means 
advisable  to  carry  the  system  of  cropping  with  vegetables  to  such  an  excess  as  is  frequently 
done.  If  the  expense  of  cultivating  the  ground  be  paid  by  such  cropping,  it  should  be  con- 
sidered enough.  As  the  trees  commence  bearing,  begin  to  relinquish  cropping.  When,  by 
their  pioductions,  they  defray  all  expenses,  cease  cropping  altogether.  The  less  the  ground  of 
a  full  grown  orchard  is  cropped  and  stirred,  the  better  will  the  trees  bear.  It  would  be  advisa 
ble,  when  the  trees  are  on  the  decline,  to  stir  the  ground  once  in  every  five  or  six  years. 

August  26,  1357. 


An  JEassay  on    Corn   as  a    Staple,    hy  Dr.  J.  S.  Seaton,  of  Jefferson    county, 

Kentucky. 

Among  the  numerous  and  abundant  agricultural  products  of  the  United  States,  none  can 
lay  claim  more  justly  or  surely  to  the  appellation  and  consideration  of  a  staple  than  Maize,  or 
Indian  Corn. 

No  single  article  of  agricultural  interest  is  susceptible  of  successful  cultivation,  under  bo 
great  a  variety  of  circumstances  in  soil,  climate,  &,c,  as  this,  which,  in  its  numerous  varie- 
ties, produces  remunerative  returns  to  the  farmer,  in  all  the  grades  of  climate  and  soil  found 
on  this  continent,  while  it  is  less  liable  to  injury  from  vicisitudes  of  weather  than  most  of  the 
staple  crops  of  this  country. 

When  we  examine  the  statistics  showing  the  amount  of  corn  raised  in  this  country,  and 
mark  the  immense  increase  in  its  production  during  the  last  twenty  years,  we  cannot  fail  to  be 
impressed  with  the  conviction  that  it  is  indeed  the  great  American  staple.  By  such  an  exami- 
nation, it  will  be  demonstrated  as  a  truth,  that  during  the  ten  yoars  preceding  the  year  1350, 
the  increase  in  this  commodity  was  more  than  two  hundred  millions  of  bushels  in  the  United 
States,  wnile  that  of  each  and  all  other  grain  crops  was  but  limited  and  meagre.  So  great  indeed 
is  the  disparity  of  increase  existing  between  this  and  other  cereals,  as  shown  by  the  last  census 
returns  made  in  1850,  that  ten  millions  two  hundred  and  twenty-five  thousand  acres  of  land 
had  been  occupied  by  the  growth  of  corn,  above  the  whole  number  of  acres  employed  in  the 
growth  and  production  of  all  other  kinds  of  grain  common  in  thi3  country. 

The  difference  in  these  several  kinds  of  grain  crops,  as  exhibited  by  that  report,  is  so 
great  and  startling,  and  at  once  attaches  such  an  overwhelming  importance  to  the  crop  under 
consideration,  that  our  credulity  seems  to  be  heavily  taxed,  especially  at  the  first  glance  of 
the  subject,  to  yield  credence  to  the  report . 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  285' 

In  order  to  avoid  all  suspicion  of  error  in  calculation  or  misapprehension  relative  to  the 
comparative  products  of  the  different  kinds  of  grain  grown  in  the  states  during  that  period,, 
we  here  submit  them,  as  set  forth  in  the  report  itself:  Of  corn,  thirty  one  millions  of  acres; 
of  wheat,  eleven  millions  of  acres;  of  oats,  seven  millions  five  hundred  thousand  acres;  of 
rye,  one  million  two  hundred  thousand  acres;  of  buckwheat,  six  hundred  thousand  acres; 
of  barley,  three  hundred  thousand  acres;  and  of  rice,  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  thousand 
acres. 

When  we  add  together  the  quantity  of  wheat,  oats,  rye,  buck  wheat,  barley,  and  rice,  we 
have,  as  the  sum  total  of  acres  occupied  by  them  within  that  decade,  twenty  millions  seven 
hundred  and  seventy-five  thousand  acres.  Subtract  this  sum  from  the  thirty  one  millions  of 
acres  of  corn,  and  we  have  the  enormous  quantity  of  ten  millions  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  thousand  acres  of  corn  more  than  of  all  the  others  combined,  and  thus  confirms  the  cal- 
culations and  results  of  the  report  itself. 

In  view  of  this  immense  quantity  already  produced,  and  the  fact  of  the  great  augmentation 
of  the  amount  annually  grown,  and  the  confident  belief  that  this  augmentation  will  continue 
onward  under  the  constant  and  rapidly  increasing  demand  for  the  article  or  commodity,  as  ita 
life  perpetuating  qualities  are  ascertained  and  appreciated  by  the  inhabitants  of  countries  less 
favored  than  ours,  and  as  the  facilities  for  its  safe  and  ready  transportation  increase,  the 
modes  of  preparation,  and  the  useful  purposes  to  which  it  may  be  applied,  become  more  tho- 
roughly understood,  we  are  utterly  unable  to  form  any  just  conceptions  of  its  true  value  and 
importance,  as  a  staple  product  of  America,  without  the  aid  of  arithmetical  calculations. 

When  we  contemplate  the  present  as  well  as  the  prospective  demand  for  this  great  staple, 
and  the  unlimited  capacity  of  this  country  for  its  production,  and  then  contrast  these  with  the- 
present  and  prospective  quantity  produced,  we  cannot  fail  to  be  sensibly  impressed  wiih  the 
conviction  that  the  American  mind  has  never  yet  recognized  the  high  value  and  importance  of 
this  staple  commodity  ;  at  least  not  to  the  extent  to  which  its  merits  so  eminently  entitle  it. 
Notwithstanding  the  feelings  of  surprise  we  realize,  on  ascertaining  the  preponderance  of 
this  crop,  over  all  others  of  the  grain  kind  grown  in  our  country,  as  shown  by  the  report  of 
1850,  already  referred  to,  we  yet  feel  greatly  more  astonishment  at  the  results  brought  out,  by 
footing  up  the  table  of  the  average  yield,  per  acre,  of  these  thirty  one  millions  of  acres,  and 
especially  at  the  difference  in  the  yield  between  the  different  sections  of  the  country.  lathis 
estimate  which  shows  but  twenty  five  bushels,  or  there  about,  as  the  average  yield,  per  acre, 
we  have  an  amount  far  too  small  to  meet  the  expectations  of  any  American,  especially  any 
Western  farmer,  who  had  not  given  to  the  subject  a  patient  and  careful  investigation,  but  yet 
an  amount,  when  estimated  in  sum  total,  to  forcibly  impress  every  American  mind  with  the 
inestimable  value  of  Indian  corn  as  a  staple  product  of  the  United  States. 

Thirty-one  millions  of  acres,  yielding  an  average  of  twenty  five  bushels  per  acre,  present, 
in  the  aggregate,  seven  hundred  and  ninety-five  millions  of  bushels,  which,  if  consumed  by 
the  "  home  demand,"  or  if  requisite  to  the  national  sustenance,  as  is  the  potato  crop  of  Ire- 
land to  its  hungry  inhabitants,  then  it  becomes  a, national  treasure,  infinitely  above  price — far 
beyond  computation  in  dollars  and  cents.  But  if  this  great  quantity,  on  the  other  hand,  be  held 
as  surplus,  audit  be  viewed  as  an  article  of  export,  and  its  value  calculated  at  the  minimum 
rate  of  twenty  five  cents  per  bushel,  (which  is  much  below  its  true  export  value,)  then  we 
have  the  handsome  sum  of  one  hundred  and  ninety-eight  millions  seven  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars  flowing  into  the  national  treasury,  as  the  result  of  this  one  article  of  pro- 
duct of  American  industry.  It  is  a  singular  fact,  aud  one  full  of  significance,  and  that  should 
awaken  in  every  mind  a  feeling  of  interest  and  inquiry  into  its  causes,  that  while  the  average 
yield,  per  acre,  in  the  whole  country  was  only  about  twenty  five  bushels,  that  of  little  stony, 
sterile  Connecticut  was  forty  bushels.  The  average  in  those  States  west  and  southwest,  that 
have  always  enjoyed  the  highest  reputation  for  the  production  of  corn,  was  only  about  twenty- 
seven  bushels.  Why  this  difference  in  yield  of  thirteen  bushels  per  acre,  in  favor  of  that 
little  State,  where  the  natural  sources  of  growth  and  productiveness  are  less,  by  at  least  two, 
if  not  four  to  one,  than  they  are  in  several  of  those  powerful  States  iu  the   west,  and  where  a 


286  REPORT  OF  THE 

few  of  the  heaviest  crops  in  the  whole  Union — if  not  in  the  whole  world— have  been  realized? 
This  difference  in  yield,  I  repeat,  is  not  dependant  upon  any  advantage  enjoyed  by  Connecti- 
cut, either  in  soil,  climate,  or  kind  of  corn  planted,  but,  on  the  other  hand,  under  very  great  and 
universally  conceded  disadvantages  in  each  of  these  essential  elements  in  the  productiveness 
of  a  State,  which  fact  should  be  full  of  admonition  to  all  agriculturalists,  and  should  be  held 
as  an  index  that  points  unerrinly  to  a  system  of  tillage  at  once  m  >re  rational,  as  well  as 
more  remunerative,  than  heretofore  practiced  in  the  west. 

In  view  of  the  vast  importance  of  this  crop  to  the  American  people,  as  well  as  to  the 
world,  and  for  the  purpose  of  stimulating  the  increase  of  production  up  to  the  constantly  in- 
creasing demand,  we  may  derive  much  light  and  benefit  by  referring  to  the  last;  Patent  Office 
report,  in  which  we  find  some  highly  useful  and  instructive  facts  touching  the  culture  and 
product  of  this  grain  in  the  "Old  Bay  State." 

Out  of  thirty  five  crops  of  Indian  corn  entered  for  premiums  in  Massachusetts,  the  average 
product,  per  acre,  was  ninety  three  bushels.  The  larger  yielded  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
eight  and  one  half  bushels,  while  but  two  out  of  the  thirty  five  fell  below  seventy  five  bushels. 
Nineteen  of  them  exceeded  one  hundred  bushels  per  acre.  This  resulted,  in  a  state  so  far 
inferior  in  point  of  soil  to  many  others,  that  very  many  persons  would  despair  of  obtaining 
in  return,  from  a  crop,  the  amount  expanded  in  planting,  in  a  state  where  the  summer  sea 
son  is  short,  where  the  land  naturally  is  poor  and  unproductive,  and  where  the  large  and  pro- 
ductive varieties  grown  in  the  west  could  not  mature  a  crop. 

These  results  are  not  cited  because  they  exceed  others'  that  have  been  realized  in  other 
states,  possessing  superior  advantages,  but,  on  the  other  hand,  it  is  willingly  conceded,  that 
individual  crops  in  Ohio,  Indiana,  Kentucky,  Illinois,  and  Missouri,  have  been  produced  that 
excelled  these  in  jield;  but  they  have  been  but  few;  so  rare,  indeed,  as  to  allow  the  average 
in  the  west  to  fall  to  the  low  number  of  twenty  seven  bushels  per  acre. 

The  same  results  are  seen  in  all  the  eastern  States,  with  very  slight  variations,  and  all 
under  circumstances  vaturalbj  greatly  inferior  to  those  attending  the  com  growing  States  of 
the  west  and  south,  and  consequently  is  directly  dependent  upon  the  superior  preparation  and 
culture  there  practised  to  that  which  obtains  in  the  west. 

It  cannot  be  questioned,  that  with  halt  the  enriching  material  applied  to  the  lands  west,  and 
the  same  thorough  tillage  practised  in  those  States  east,  the  average  yield  would  be  double 
what  it  is,  and  would  greatly  exceed  that  of  tho^e  States. 

Aside,  then,  from  the  annual  increase  of  acres  to  our  agricultural  area,  suppose  the  farmers 
of  the  west,  as  well  as  those  of  all  sections,  would  at  once  adopt  the  superior  modes  of  cul- 
ture practised  in  the  little  State  of  Connecticut,  and  instead  ol  an  average  of  twenty  five 
bushels,  they  bring  the  average  up  to  forty  bushels  per  acre — and  this  could  be  easily  done — 
the  effect,  at  the  next  census  return  in  1^60,  would  be  an  increase  from  the  same  thirty  one  mill- 
ions of  acres,  of  four  hundred  and  sixty  five  millions  of  bushels,  which,  at  our  minimum  rates, 
would  give  an  increase  in  cash  of  one  hundred  and  sixteen  millions  two  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars. 

These  estimates,  at  the  first  glance,  seem  to  be  large,  but  they  are  believed  to  be  below, 
rather  than  above,  the  actual  exhibit,  should  the  principles  here  suggested  be  tested  by  the 
practical  application  of  them. 

When  we  glance  at  the  unparalleled  increase  in  our  population, and  the  vast  amount  of  ter- 
ritory rapidly  populating,  and  the  great  accessions  annually  made  to  the  area  of  our  agricul- 
ture, we  are  utterly  unable  to  frame  any  calculations  even  approxim  itive  to  the  true  results, 
without  the  aid  of  the  census  returns. 

Not  only  is  this  product,  at  the  present  moment,  the  principal  stay  and  support  of  the 
American  people,  but  it  is  already  an  article  of  export  demand,  which  is  one  of  the  principal 
sources  of  revenue  now  enjoyed  by  this  government.  But  while  the  immediate  demand  is 
great,  as  a  "breadstuff1,"  with  which  to  sustain  the  teaming  millions  of  starving  inhabitants  of 
other  countries,  its  indirect  demand  in  form  of  meat,  which  it  here  developes,  is  still  greater; 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  287 

and  the  quantity  thus  consumed  must  necessarily  increase  at  a  very  rapid  rate,  as  long  as  these 
commodities  are  attainable  by  or  to  the  subjects  of  other  less  highly  favored  couutries. 

But  there  are  other  considerations  surrounding  it  which  greatly  enhance  its  value  and  use 
fulness  as  a  staple,  and  these  are  found  in  the  gre.it  amount  of  nutriment,  afforded  by  the  stalk 
and  its  appendages,  aside  from  the  grain  which  we  estimate  by  the  bushel.  Its  contiibutions  to 
the  national  support  and  sustenance  are  incalculably  great. 

In  view  of  the  extraordinary  claims  to  merit  and  consideration  of  the  American  people, 
which  it  presents,  should  not  the  agricultural  mind  of  our  country  be  forcibly  directed  to  the 
investigation  of  its  nature,  its  susceptibilities,  and  its  requirements,  that  its  successful  culture 
may  be  insured,  its  quantity  increased  proportionate  to  the  capacity  of  the  land  for  its  pro- 
duction, proportionate  to  the  demand  for  it,  in  all  iis  varied  forms  of  usefulness. 

By  the  careful  culture  of  this  cereal,  we  as  a  nation  miy  not  only  be  secure  against  the 
pressing  cases  of  want,  but  by  our  well  filled  grainaries,  may  have  the  constant  assurance  of 
not  only  bread  enough,  but  to  spare. 


A  Familiar  Essay  on  the    Cultivation,     Uses,    d'e,  of  Chinese  Sugar    Cane,    by 
Mrs.   M.  J.  Daviess,  of  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky,   October  bth,  1857, 

The  result  of  a  few  days  labor  in  syrup  making  from  this  plant,  has  satisfied  the  writer  that 
when  the  concurrent  testimony  from  experimenters  from  various  sections  of  the  country 
shall  be  made  known,  the  success  of  the  season  will  be  so  astonishing,  that  information  will  be 
sought  'or  on  no  other  agricultural  subject  with  the  same  eagerness  and  earnestness.  This 
plant,  like  other  of  the  rarest  luxuries  we  possess,  and  the  higher  blessings  of  our  spiritual 
nature,  is  another  bless-ing  from  the  oriental  world.  It  is  to  France — ever  the  pioneer  of 
science  and  civilization — we  owe  the  introduction  of  this  plant  to  the  western  wo'ild;  or, 
rather,  a  revival  of  the  knowledge  of  its  existence;  for  there  seems  to  have  been  a  series  of 
attempts,  from  the  fifteenth  to  the  seventeenth  century,  to  produce  sugar  from  it  made  in  the 
Italian  provinces.  In  examining  an  elaborate  history  of  China  lately,  I  find  Millet  mention- 
ed as  one  of  the  productions  of  the  country,  but  no  mention  made  of  its  peculiar  qualities. 
M.  Matigny,  an  Agent  of  the  Geographical  Society  of  France,  found  it  in  use  in  the  northern 
part  of  China,  one  of  the  doubtless  many  valuable  things  locked  up  by  the  jealous  policy  of  the 
the  Celestials  from  their  ever  intrusive  and,  as  they  consider,  barbarous  western  neighbors. 

To  the  beneficence  of  our  own  general  government  we  are  indebted  for  this  plant  in  the  United 
States.  For  some  years  past  Congress  has  made  a  commendable  appropriation  for  the  pur- 
chase of  foreign  seeds  and  plants  for  geneial  distribution  and  experiment.  The  value  of 
this  one  plant,  entitled  to  rank  at  once  as  a  staple,  and  destined  to  work  an  important  change 
in  the  commercial  relations  of  the  country,  will  amply  reimburse  the  outlay  of  this  depart- 
ment and  vindicate  the  policy  of  the  government,  even  to  the  most  economical  and  censo- 
rious of  the  vigilant  guardians  of  its  Treasury.  Mr.  Brown,  the  A^ent  of  the  Agricultural 
Department,  found  this  plant  in  France  and  sent  it  over,  in  his  collections,  to  the  patent  office. 
It  is  evidently  of  the  same  botanic  famiiy  to  which  our  common  Broom  and  Donrah  Corn  be- 
long, hybridises  with  them  readily,  and  has  their  botanical  names  Holens  Saccharatus,  Sor- 
gum  Saceharaium,  &c,  &c,  variously  assigned  to  it.  Lately  several  new  kinds  have  been 
introduced  from  Africa,  underthe  name  of  Imphee,  which,  with  the  species  previously  known, 
makes  some  thirty  varieties.  But,  from  careful  comparison  of  different  statements,  and 
from  the  similarity  of  plants  raised  from  seeds  produced  in  different  sections  of  our  own 
country,  I  am  satisfied  there  is  no  essential  difference  in  quality,  save  that  produced  by  cli- 
mate— Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  like  all  saccharine  plants,  increasing  in  richness  as  it  neais  its 
tropical  nativity.  It  acclimates  itself,  however,  readily  to  any  latitude  where  Indian  corn 
will  grow,  dwarfing  in  size  as  plants  from  warm  climates  do  in  colder  latitudes.  It  was  firsj 
distributed  in  1854,  and  it  has,  considering   its  value  and  the  weight  of  foreign  testimony  in 


21 05  REPORT  OF  THE 

its  favor,  gained  ground  very  slowly.  But  the  raorus  multicaulis  mania,  the  hen  fever,  and 
Chinese  potato  humbug,  have  so  debilitated  public  faith,  that,  instead  of  receiving  and  trying 
with  wise  caution  the  novelties  each  season  offers,  the  masses  are  disposed  to  reject  and  ridi- 
cule every  thing  not  known  to  their  fathers  before  them.  Thu3,  the  south  has  suffered,  year 
after  year,  the  disastrous  effects  of  drouth  and  frost,  while  the  ready  resource  of  Chinese  su 
gar  was  at  their  doors;  prices  of  all  saccharine  products  have  risen  to  a  value  that  amounts 
almost  to  a  prohibition  of  their  use  to  the  poor,  and  yet  sugar  cane,  instead  of  having  a  fair 
trial  in  our  fields,  continues  to  be,  in  many  minds,  quite  as  suggestive  of   humbug  as  syrup. 

In  running  over  the  reports  to  the  Patent  Office  and  newspaper  clippings,  I  find  that,  fiom 
St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  to  the  neighborhood  of  New  Orleans,  the  plant  has  been  grown,  and,  in 
some  cases  at  northern  points,  has  ripened  its  seed.  The  latter  point  is  not,  however,  essen- 
tial to  the  manufacture  of  the  syrup,  but  the  strong  presumtion  is,  that  where  the  summer  is 
not  long  enough  to  ripen  the  seed,  the  saccharine  qualities  are  not  rich  enough  to  be  valuable 
as  a  sugar  crop.  In  several  of  the  states  intermediate  between  these  points,  persons  have 
experimented,  and  in  all  cases  have  reported  favorably  to  its  growth. 

CULTIVATION. 

In  France  and  her  Algerian  possessions,  this  plant,  like  all  other  field  crops,  has  been  chiefly 
cultivated  with  sp-ide  and  hoe,  and  treated  with  manures,  irrigation,  &c.  There,  as  here,  it 
suckers  freely,  and  is  deprived  of  the  offset,  and  it  is  recommended,  when  seed  is  not  an  ob 
ject,  to  cut  off  the  panicles  so  soon  as  they  appear.  Our  northern  and  eastern  farmers  make 
mention,  as  usual,  in  their  agricultural  reports,  of  the  manures  used — bone  dust,  guano,  &c, 
&c.  Such  application  might  prove  valuable  even  here,  but  I  presume  none  will  be  found  ne- 
cessary beyond  the  usual  rotation  of  crops  practised.  Neither  France  nor  our  own  eastern 
brethren  mention  an  average  of  stalks  so  tall  or  laige  in  diameter  as  has  been  generally  pro 
dueed  in  this  section  on  ordinary  ground,  without  any  especial  favor.  It  is  presumable  that, 
in  any  corn  growing  region,  ground  prepared  as  for  that  staple,  and  the  seed  planted  in  hills 
or  drills  wide  enough  apart  to  permit  the  use  of  the  plow,  will  be  found  a  satisfactory  mode 
of  cultivation.  The  seed  should  be  planted  as  early  as  possible,  to  avoid  the  frost,  (the 
plants  being  tender  in  their  first  stage,)  but  the  earlier,  with  safety,  the  better,  as  it  gives  a 
longer  chance  to  work  up  the  crop  after  maturity.  If  planted  in  hills,  two  stalks  should  be 
left  to  the  hill  ;  in  drills,  the  plants  should  be  left  eighteen  inches  apart.  The  plants,  when 
they  first  appear,  are  scarcely  distinguishable  from  grass,  and  require  careful  attention  to  pre- 
vent the  overgrowth  of  weeds  before  the  plow  can  be  used.  After  that  the  cultivation  of 
cane  differs  no  way  from  corn,  and  its  thrift  will  soon  show  what  care  has  been  given  it.  In 
later  stages  of  growth,  a  casual  observer  would  hardly  notice  the  difference  between  the  field 
of  cane  and  corn,  but  the  stalks  are  slender,  the  joints  longer,  the  leaves  narrow  and  more 
flexuous,  the  seed  heads  resembling  Dourah  corn,  but  erect,  and  when  ripe,  jet  black.  The 
stalks  are  covered  with  a  white  substance,  which  has  a  frosty  appearance  and  which  chemical 
analysis  has  proved  to  be  wax. 

The  piece  of  ground  cultivated  on  our  homestead  was  a  hill  side,  sloping  westward.  The 
seeds  planted  were  procured  from  several  sections  of  the  country,  but  chiefly  from  the  Patent 
Office.  The  ground  was  well  prepared  and  sowed  in  drills,  June  8th.  1'he  plants  were  very- 
much  neglected  when  they  first  came  up,  but  had  afterwards  the  best  tilth  by  plow  and  hoe. 
They  were  carefully  suckered,  though  it  seems,  from  conflicting  statements,  a  doubtful  prac 
tice,  (certainly  not  advisable  if  raised  for  forage).  On  some  plants  overlooked,  the  suckers 
grew  as  tall  as  the  stock  plant  and  bore  seed,  but  stock  and  sucker  were  inferior  in  size  and 
height  to  the  plants  which  were  deprived  of  the  offset.  Some  of  the  plants  have  measured 
eighteen  feet  in  height  and  one  and  a  half  inches  in  diameter;  the  average  height  of  the 
canes  is  about  fifteen  feet,  and  one  inch  in  diameter.  Not  one-halt  of  the  seeds  have  ripened 
at  this  date.  The  panicles  weigh  about  one  half  pound  and  would  fill  a  half  pint.  The  cane 
is  apparently  hardier  than  the  corn,  presenting  a  vivid  contrast  to  the  cornfields,  the  leaves 
of  the  cane,  though  scorched,  retaining  a  strong,  green  color,  while  the  corn  is  perfectly 
aeared  and  dry.     The  cane,  however,  has  become  very  brittle  and   is  dying  rapidly,  without 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  289 

any  perceivable  ditnunition  in  the  quantity  of  juice,  or  change  in  the   flavor,  from   the  two 
frosts  that  have  fallen. 

USES    AND    VALUE. 

Notwithstanding  the  recent  revival  of  the  use  of  this  plant  in  Europe,  and  its  introduction 
into  our  country,  it  has  been  already  ascertained  to  be  capable  of  manufacture  into  several 
articles,  and  of  course  possesses  a  variety  of  values.  Giving,  in  our  references,  the  precedence, 
to  France,  as  she  deserves,  for  her  prompt  and  laborious  investigation  on  this  subject,  I  find 
she  gives  in  her  testimony  in  favor  of  the  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  as  a  plant  of  immense  use  for 
a  foraging  crop,  and  as  of  surpassing  value  as  a  syrup  producing  plant.  Likewise,  that  it 
will  probably  be  of  vast  service  in  shielding  the  bread  crops  from  the  distiller's  gra-p,  as  i* 
yields  a  larger  percentage  of  alcohol  than  any  cereal  used  hitherto.  Recently  they  have  suc- 
ceeded in  making  sugar,  but  not  so  successfully  as  some  of  our  home  experimenters.  It  has 
been  used  as  a  fermented  liquor,  and  considered  as  agreeable  as  cider,  and  may  also  be  used 
for  vinegar.  Brandy,  in  combination  with  the  grape  stems,  has  been  manufactured  from  it  of 
superior  quality.  The  seeds  have  been  converted  into  chocolate,  and  their  husks  into  dye  for 
silks;  and  one  experimenter  has  succeeded  in  procuring  from  it  such  large  quantities  of  waxt 
that  he  thinks  that  product,  alone,  would  justify  its  cultivation.  In  the  United  States,  unless 
in  this  season,  its  value  has  not  been  tested,  except  as  a  forage  crop  and  syrup  producing  plant. 
Its  value  for  forage  has  been  highly  extolled  in  all  sections  of  our  country,  especially  in  thoso 
regions,  where  the  severity  of  the  winter  makes  that  species  of  food  indispensable.  It  is  said 
to  contain  ten  per  cent,  more  of  nutritive  matter  than  Indian  corn,  and  has  produced  from  fivo 
to  nine  tons  of  feed  to  the  acre.  Indeed,  the  Algerians  consider  the  plant  as  perrenial,  and  iu 
South  Europe,  and  in  the  same  lattitude  of  the  United  States,  it  produces  two  or  three  vigor 
ous  growths  the  same  season.  It  is  thought,  by  early  planting  in  the  sugar  growing  districts  of 
the  Union,  two  crops  might  be  produced  in  a  season,  for  syrup-making.  I  observe  that  where 
a  few  stocks  were  cut  for  experiment,  in  August  they  are  shooting  up  luxuriantly,  which  affords 
fair  ground  for  conclusion,  that  the  aftermath,  even  in  this  State,  after  manufacturing  the  first 
crop,  would  prove  a  good  resource  for  stock  from  our  dry  fall  pastures.  Poultry  eat  the  seed 
with  great  avidity,  and  the  seed  heads  would  be  managed  easily  for  cow  food,  as  they  would 
require  no  preparation,  before  boiling,  in  the  way  of  cutting  or  grinding.  The  hardness  of 
the  stock  would  seem  to  render  cooking  necessary  to  the  use  of  this  plant  for  stock  food,  in 
order  to  render  it  easily  digestible.  But,  the  chief  value  to  the  United  States  of  the  Chinese 
Sugar  Cane,  is  its  qualities  as  a  sugar  plant.  At  the  North  it  will  not  be  in  this  use  valuable; 
to  the  South,  it  will  stand,  if  the  seed  are  kept  on  hands,  as  an  unfailing  resource,  when  frost 
has  cut  off  the  common  cane.  To  the  corn  and  cotton  growing  regions  it  supplies  a  desidera- 
tum a  want  severely  felt  in  late  years,  while  all  sweets  have  ruled  so  high.  Families  of  com- 
petent means,  of  course,  have  not  been  curtailed  of  their  luxuries,  by  high  prices,  but  our  la- 
borers have  felt  the  privation  severely;  and  considerate  masters,  even  if  not  moved  by  the 
higher  motive  of  promoting  human  happiness,  will  find  it,  in  a  sanitary  and  economical  view, 
it  is  best  to  add  a  little  field  of  Sorgo  to  their  other  annual  crops,  for  home  consumption.  The 
thrift  of  negroes,  in  sugar  season,  has  passed  into  a  proverb  in  the  South,  and  of  late  years 
the  vapors  from  the  sugaihouse  have  begun  to  emulate  Hunter's  inhalents  as  a  remedy  for 
consumption.  The  use  of  molasses,  as  an  inducement  for  the  less  free  use  of  animal  food,  haa 
been  a  part  of  Lhe  economy  of  many  well  regulated  western  farms  for  years.  It  is  well  known 
the  use  of  poik  is  considered  by  intelligent  medical  men,  as  the  cause  of  the  very  common 
prevalence  of  scrofula  and  cachexia,  in  that  class  of  our  population. 

EXPERIMENTS. 

Since  the  introduction  of  this  plant,  in  1854,  into  this  country,  in  various  parts,  it  has  been 
tested  with  different  contrivances  of  power,  from  the  rolling  pin  and  pastry  board  up  to  the 
best  quality  of  small  iron  mills.  The  results  from  the  use  of  the  last  class  of  machinery  haa 
been  known,  up  to  this  fall,  chiefly  from  Dr.  Peters,  of  Georgia,  who  has  done  the  country  in- 
calculable service,  in    pioneering    the   wav  of  his  countrymen  into  a  new  field  of  agricultural 

39 


RfcPORT  OF  THE 

wealth.  In  every  experiment,  by  every  power ,  however  conbrnpiihle,  the  result  has  been  successful, 
and  as  enormous  as  seemed  Dr.  Peters'  calculations,  (from  five  to  six  hundred  gallons  per  acre) 
the  last  few  days  has  proved  to  my  mind  satisfactorily  that  his  figures  are  not  exaggerated, 
and  I  doubt  not  many,  ere  this,  in  the  South,  could  add  their  testimony  to  his.  As  the  press 
is  teeming  every  day  with  new  publications  on  this  subject,  (unfortunately  too  many  the  growth 
only  of  bookmakers'  brains,)  the  writer  deems  it  unnecessary  to  lengthen  this  essay  oy  a  list 
of  names  and  methods.  She  has  briefly  run  over  whatever  in  the  history  and  habits  of  this 
plant  she  has  gleaned  from  newspapers;  nd  Patent  office  reports,  that  others  less  sanguine  than 
herself  have  not  thought  worth  remembering,  but  since  the  fruits  of  this  season  warrant  the 
belief  of  its  wonderful  usefulness  and  adapteduess  to  our  climate,  would  now  be  interested  to 
know,  without  the  labor  of  collecting.  I  will,  therefore,  proceed  to  give  the  familiar  details 
•of  our  experiment  in  Sorgj  Sucre,  (the  manufacturing  part  having  been  under  my  personal  su- 
pervision,) because  I  believe  that  the  experiment  of  one  in  the  same  climate,  in  the  same  con- 
dition of  things,  with  only  the  ordinary  household  conveniences,  will  afford  greater  induce- 
ments to  one  lo  embark  in  the  enterprise,  than  the  most  elaborate  directions  of  the  most  scien- 
tific chemist  in  the  country. 

Another  reason  for  venturing  this  familiar  paper  before  so  grave  and  respectable  a  body,  is 
Shat  circumstances  have  favored  her  with  as  exact  knowledge  as  personal  observation,  of  the 
method  practiced  by  the  Friends,  of  Pleasant  Hill,  Mercer  county,  Kentucky,  could  give.  The 
known  character  of  this  Society  as  farmers,  and  the  established  reputation  of  the  Sisters  in 
all  housekeeping  matters,  will  be  a  warrant  to  all,  of  the  goodness  of  the  method  adopted,  after 
bringing  the  science  of  an  excellent  chemist  and  the  skill  of  constant  experience  to  bear  on 
it.  It  is  well  known  the  Sisters  of  this  Industrial  Society  spend  their  summers  in  manufactur- 
ing tons  of  preserves,  jellies,  etc.,  as  celebrated  as  the  cattle,  which  are  the  pride  and  care  of  the 
brethren.  The  above  reasons  have  satisfied  me  to  submit  this  essay,  hastily  written,  amid  the 
eares  of  a  large  family,  to  which,  at  present,  is  added  the  supervision  of  a  new  bianch  of  in- 
dustry; and  the  motive  of  public  good  which  has  prompted  it,  I  trust,  will  excuse  all  marks  of 
literary  inability;  provided,  after  testing  the  products,  accompanying  this,  the  Society  deem 
proper  to  send  it  out,  with  their  endorsement,  to  the  people  of  Kentucky.  And  now,  before  I 
proceed  to  the  details  of  my  experiment,  1  must  answer  one  question  which  will  arise  in  many 
minds — How  comes  this  agricultural  experiment  to  go  out  to  the  world  in  the  name  of  a  wo- 
man, the  wife  of  a  living,  practical  farmer?  I  answer,  I  am  one  of  the  daughters  of  Eve, 
whose  lord  elect  allows  full  privilege  to  follow  her  fancy;  that  having  had  the  cane  culti- 
vated for  my  gratification,  when  he  found  it  promising,  he  ordered  an  inexpensive  mill  for  the 
experiment,  and  when  the  success  of  the  Shakers  proved  it  valuable,  made  tilings  as  conveni- 
ent as  possible  for  my  use;  and  then,  having  no  experience  in  kettles  or  clarifiers,  vacated  the 
temporary  sugar  house,  leaving  me  a  dominion  wide  enough  to  satisfy  any  woman's  ambition, 
seeing  it  is  all  out  of  doors. 

The  mill,  which  had  been  ordered,  came  to  us  the  middle  of  August.  It  was  made  by  a 
neighboring  cooper,  who  had  seen  corn  stalk  mills  in  the  primitive  days  of  our  Commonwealth-, 
price  $-20.  But  this  cost  would  be  lessened  half  by  any  workman  having  implements  suitable  for 
the  job.  The  mill  is  composed  of  two  cylinders,  about  two  feet  long  and  somethiug  less  in 
diameter,  placed  firmly  in  a  stout  wooden  frame;  the  upper  part  of  one  enters  inio  a  sweep, 
which  curves  downward;  the  cylinders  have  each  a  set  of  cogs  around  the  top;  the  one  attach- 
ed to  the  sweep  turns  the  other,  and  the  canes  are  pressed  between  them.  One  horse  turns  the 
mill,  and  having  a  lead  pole  attached,  no  driver  is  needed.  About  six  stalks,  one  above  the 
other,  are  passed  through  the  mill  at  a  time;  the  stalks  being  stripped  of  leaves  and  the  seed 
cut  off",  one  person  feeds  the  mill  and  another  receives  the  bagasse, — as  the  pressed  stalks  are 
termed, — lays  them  in  straight  order,  aud  returns  them  to  the  feeder.  They  are  twisted,  two 
or  three  together,  aud  passed  at  once  through  the  mill  a  second  time.  Having  pressed  about 
two  dozen  stalks,  to  test  our  mill  before  receiving  it,  we  found  ourselves  possessed  of  a  bucket 
of  green,  disgusting  juice.  After  straining,  clarifying  and  reducing  it,  by  boiliug,  we  found  it 
had  made  about  one  quart  of  fair  looking,  disagreeably  flavored  molasses.    A  few  days  after, 


STATE  AGRIOULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


291 


one  of  the  managers  of  Pleasant  Hill  called  to  arrange  with  us  for  the  use  of  our  mill.  We 
cheerfully  agreed  to  let  them  precede  us  in  the  trial,  and  having  been  invited  to  pass  a  day 
with  thern,  seeing  the  syrup  manufacture  in  every  stage  of  process,  we  were  delighted  and 
elated  to  find  their  success  complete,  and  thought  no  delicacy  of  the  kind  had  ever  proved 
more  tempting  than  their  syrup  spread  over  their  delicious  butter  and  unrivalled  bread.  The 
mill  was  returned  to  us  in  improved  condition,  and  a  day  or  two  after,  Mr.  Bryant  called  with 
a  bottle  of  syrup,  fair  flavored,  and  about  the  consistency  of  honey.  He  likewise  obliged  us 
with  written  directions,  which  I  have  followed,  verbatim,  in  making  the  article  accompanying 
this  paper,  which  is  as  follows  : 

Into  four  gallons  of  juice,  fresh  from  the  press,  stir,  while  cold,  one  pint  of  sweet  milk,  two 
whites  of  eggs,  beaten,  two  spoonsfull  of  lime,  mixed  with  water  to  the  consistency  of  cream. 
Set  it  over  a  brisk  fire,  and  do  not  disturb  it  until  it  boils.  Then  take  it  off  the  fire  quickly, 
and  after  it  has  stood  twenty  minutes,  skim  it  and  put  it  into  tubs.  After  twenty  four  hour? 
strain  it  into  kettles,  and  to  each  four  gallons  allow  one  egg,  and  one  spoonfull  of  lime,  to 
finish  purifying.  Boil  down  to  the  consistency  you  like,  skimming  clear,  but  is  considered  fin- 
iched  when  the  syrup  hangs  from  the  ladle,  in  flakes. 

September  29th,  1857,  we  commenced  operations,  and  this,  October  4th,  I  note  the  follow- 
ing items  :  That  having  the  cane  previously  stripped,  that  a  boy  and  two  horse  wagon  can 
draw  in  what  cane  the  mill  will  grind,  in  about  four  hours.  Distance  of  field  from  the  mill 
about  one  eighth  of  a  mile.  That  a  stout  active  man  is  best  to  feed  the  mill,  as  the  yield  of 
juice,  after  the  first  pressure,  depends  on  the  bagasse  being  well  twisted.  A  child  of  ten  years 
can  cut  off  (he  heads  as  fast  as  required  for  the  mill.  A  child  of  the  same  capacity  can  re- 
ceive, straighten  and  return  the  bagasse  to  the  feeder.  One  woman,  with  the  occasional  help 
of  another,  to  strain,  has  run  our  four  kettles,  of  about  eighteen  gallons  each.  The  wood 
being  beside  them,  and  the  kettles  in  a  good  home  built  furnace.  Every  stalk  passed  through 
the  mill  yields  about  one  pint  of  juice,  the  second  pressure  equal  in  quantity  to  the  first  and 
6uperior  in  quality.  That  six  gallons  of  juice  makes  one  gallon  of  plantation  molasses,  and 
rather  less  of  golden  syrup  ;  that  molasses  may  be  made  in  about  eight  hours  direct  from  the 
press,  but  a  fine  syrup  cannot,  be  furnished  in  less  than  two  days  ;  that  the  yield  of  juice  is 
greater  from  green  stalks  than  ripe,  but  the  produce  of  molasses  about  equal.  Fine  svrup 
can  only  be  produced  from  ripe  cant.  That  the  clearness  of  the  syrup  depends  upon  its  being 
allowed  time  to  settle  fully,  rather  than  on  a  specific  clarifier  used.  That  with  the  fixtures 
and  force  we  have  mentioned,  working  steadily  for  about  ten  hours,  we  turned  off  about  ten 
gallons  of  syrup  each  day.  We  would  prefer  shallow  kettles,  and  think  the  superior  fairness 
of  the  Shaker  syrup  was  owing  to  its  speedier  evaporation,  and  that  in  copper  kettles.  The 
above  data  will  furnish  items  for  calculations  for  home  enterprise.  Our  acre  of  Sorgo  will 
yield  us  two  hundred  gallons  of  syrup,  half  of  which  could  have  been  engaged  to-day,  had  it 
been  for  market,  at  the  price  of  golden  syrup. 

Whether  it  shall  become  one  of  our  staple  crops,  is  a  problem  for  intelligent  farmers  to  work 
out,  but  nothing  but  culpable  indifference  to  the  wants  of  his  laborers,  and  want  of  energy 
will  prevent  any  farmer  from  having  the  product  of  Sorgo  as  'abundant  in  his  family  as  the 
fruits  of  his  orchard  and  dairy. 

By  planting  as  early  as  the  first  of  May,  the  Sorgo  season  will  come  on  just  at  the  close  of 
harvest,  and  the  leisure  weeks  between  that  and  seeding  time  cannot  possibly  be  more  profit- 
ably spent.  With  her  fat  herds  and  teeming  fields,  happy  homes,  embosomed  in  fruitful  or- 
chards and  flowery  gardens,  Kentucky  needed  but  sugar  cane  to  make  her  what  her  childreo 
have  ever  loved  to  boast  her — the  Garden  of  the   World. 


292  REPORT  OF  THE 

An  Essay  &n  the  Advantages  to  Agriculture  of  Protective  Duties  on  Imported 
Goods,  by  Hon.  Adam  Beatty,  of  Mason  county,  Kentucky. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  Uni- 
ted States  :  "  If  the  increased  duty  neither  diminishes  the  importations  nor  increases  the  price, 
'it  is  manifest  that  no  advantage  has  been  derived  by  the  domestic  manufacturer.  If  the  ef 
•feet  should  be  to  exclude  the  foreign  article,  then  the  domestic  manufacturer  monopolizes  the 
'home  market,  and  commands  his  own  price  The  relief  he  needs  is  a  higher  price  for  his 
'goods,  and,  as  a  matter  of  course,  unrestrained  as  he  will  then  be  by  th  e  laws  of  competition, 
'he  will  so  raise  this  price  as  to  remedy  the  evil  of  low  prices,  of  which  he  had  complained." 
This  is  the  representation  of  the  Secretary,  of  the  protective  system — and  the  effect  upon  the 
consumers  of  protected  articles,  he  says,  will  be  that  they  will  be  compelled  to  pay  an  increased 
nrice,  equivalent  to  the  protective  duty  which  the  manufacturer  will  put  upon  his  manufactured 
-foods.  But  this  will  not  be  the  only  loss  of  the  consumer.  By  the  exclusion  of  the  foreign 
article,  by  a  protective  duty,  the  revenue,  theretofore  derived  from  the  duty  on  the  articles  thus 
excluded  will  be  lost,  and  the  government  must  supply  its  place  by  duties  on  other  imported 
articles,  of  which  duty  the  consumers  of  domestic  manufactures  will  have  to  pay  their  due 
proportion.  The  Secretary  adds  :  "  In  no  event  can  the  increas  ed  duty  operate  to  the  advan- 
tage and  relief  of  the  mannfacturer,  except  by  a  corresponding  injury  to  the  consumer." 

The  argument  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  plausible,  and  so  satisfactory  to  him 
against  the  protective  system,  that  he  thinks  "it  cannot  command  the  approval  of  the  country." 

I  have  presented  a  full  view  of  the  Secretary's  objections  to  a  protective  system,  which 
applies  to  every  species  of  domestic  manufactures.  I  will  now  present  the  practical  operation 
of  the  protective  system  to  a  single  article,  from  which  it  will  be  seen  that  the  Secretary 
greatlv  errs  in  all  his  assumptions,  in  the  above  quotation,  from  his  annual  report  for  the 
year  1857. 

Take  the  article  of  cotton  manufactures,  for  example.  To  simplify  my  argument,  I  will 
suppose  that  at  the  commencement  of  the  efforts  of  the  manufacture  of  cotton  goods,  there 
was  a  revenue  duty  of  twenty  per  cent,  on  all  cotton  goods  imported.  That  under  this  revenue 
duty  English  manufacturers  furnished  the  United  States  with  all  the  coarse  cotton  fabrics  our 
population  needed,  at  ten  cents  per  yard,  wholesale.  The  importer  would  have  the  duty  to 
pay,  twenty  per  cent,  on  the  foreign  cost,  equal  to  two  cents  per  yard.  Such  cotton  goods 
would  therefore  cost  the  importer  twelve  cents  per  yard,  besides  the  charges  on  importation. 
In  this  state  of  things  some  of  our  wealthy  capitalists,  who  having  thoroughly  examined  the 
system  of  cotton  manufactures  in  England,  express  a  desire  to  commence  a  system  of  cotton 
manufactures  in  the  United  States.  They  are  convinced,  that  with  the  aid  of  water  power, 
they  can  manufacture  and  sell,  at  their  several  establishments,  cotton  fabrics  of  equal  quality, 
with  those  imported  from  England,  at  eleven  cents  per  yard.  As  these  cotton  goods  could 
be  procured  from  the  place  of  manufacture,  at  least  as  low  as  the  charg  es  of  importation 
there  would,  therefore,  be  a  saving  of  at  least  one  cent  in  the  yard,  by  manufacturing  our 
coarse  cotton  goods.  But  our  citizens,  who  desire  to  enter  upon  the  business  of  manufactu- 
tin"  are  convinced,  that  so  soon  as  they  should  get  their  factories  built  and  had  made  all  ne 
cessary  preparations  to  commence  operations,  English  manufasturers  would  reduce  their  price 
to  eicrht  cents  per  yard.  A  duty  of  twenty  per  cent,  added  would  make  the  cost  per  yard  nine 
and  three-fifths  cents.  Foreign  manufacturers,  at  this  low  rate,  would  make  but  moderate 
profits,  but  they  would  submit  to  this  inconvenience,  for  a  short  time,  for  the  sake  of  destroy- 
ing all  competition  with  them,  by  cotton  factories  in  the  United  States.  This  simple  state- 
ment will  show,  that  cautious  and  prudent  men  would  not  venture  to  engage  in  a  very  costly 
undertaking,  when  it  would  be  in  the  power  of  wealthy  foreigners  to  completely  prostrate 
their  infant  establishments,  by  introducing  a  foreign  article,  of  the  same  description,  at  a 
fraction  less  than  ten  cents  per  yard,  including  the  20  per  cent.  duty. 

Under  these  circumstances  Congress  is  petitioned  to  pass  a  law  increasing  the  duty  on  im 
ported  cotton  fabrics  to  forty  per  cent.,  which  is  accordingly  done.  Our  enterprising  citizens 
bein°-  thus  assured  of  a  fair  competition  with  foreign   manufacturers,  commence   preparing 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  S0CIE1Y.  293 

with  great  energy,  to  enter  largely  into  the  business  of  cotton  spinning  and  manufacturing 
According  to  promise,  they  manufacture  an  excellent  article  for  eleven  cents  per  yard.  The 
foreign  manufacturers,  unwilling  to  lose  so  valuable  a  market  as  the  United  States  had! 
theretofore  afforded  for  their  fabric,  immediately  flood  the  country  with  an  inferior  article, 
but  looking  very  much  like  the  American  product,  at  the  invoice  price  of  seven  and  a  hall 
cents  per  yard.  Forty  per  cent  duty  on  seven  and  a  half  cents,  would  make  the  cost,  to  the 
importer,  ten  and  a  half  cents  per  yard.  Thus  the  foreign  manufacturer  would  bring  his 
fabrics  into  the  United  States  market  a  half  cent  cheaper  than  the  domestic  article.  The 
home  manufacturers  relying  upon  the  superior  quality  of  their  fabrics,  courageously  meet  the 
foreign  competition,  although  the  foreign  article  is  offered  a  half  cent  cheaper  per  yard. 

In  the  course  of  a  year  suppose  the  home  factories  would  furnish  one  fourth  of  the  neces 
sary  demand  or  requirements  of  the  home  market,  the  foreign  supply  would  fill  up  the  other 
three  fourths.  Now,  if  the  United  States  demand  required  a  supply  of  five  millions  of  dol- 
lars worth  of  cotton  goods  per  annum,  at  the  invoice  price,  the  revenue  derived  from  this 
source,  at  twentv  per  cent.,  would  be  one  million  of  dollars;  but  if  three-fourths  of  this 
amount  only  were  imported,  after  the  duty  had  been  increased  to  forty  per  cent.,  the  revenue 
for  the  year  would  amount  to  one  and  a  half  millions  of  dollars.  Thus,  under  a  fair  compe- 
tition of  one  year,  the  revenue,  instead  of  being  diminished,  as  apprehended  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury,  would  have  actually  increased  fifty  per  cent.  And  the  consumers,  instead  of 
paying  a  higher  price  for  cotton  fabrics,  would  have  had  their  choice  of  a  superior  article  at 
one  cent  cheaper  rate,  per  yard,  or  such  an  article  as  foreign  manufacturers  had  usually  fur 
nished,  at  nearly  one  and  a  half  cents  per  yard  lower  price. 

Such  would  have  been  the  result  of  one  year's  experiment,  under  the  protective  system 
During  this  year,  home  manufacturers  would  have  acquired,  from  experience,  greatly  iucreas 
ed  skill,  and  a  knowledge  of  more  economical  methods  of  conducting  the  manufacturing  bu- 
siness, and,  hence,  would  be  able  to  manufacture  a  cent  in  the  yard  cheaper,  or  at  the  rate  of 
ten  cents  per  yard.  The  foreign  manufacturers  would  now  be  compelled  to  invoice  their  cot- 
ton goods  at  seven  cents  per  yard — duty  at  forty  per  cent,  added  would  make  them  cost  the 
importer,  iucluding  duty,  nine  cents  and  eight  tenths,  a  small  fraction  less  than  the  American 
article.  During  this  second  year  of  the  experiment,  we  may  suppose  the  foreign  manufac 
turers  would  supply  half  the  demand  for  cotton  goods,  and  the  duty  thereon  would  amount  to 
the  same,  at  forty  per  cent  ,  as  would  accrue  from  furnishing  the  full  supply  at  a  duty  of 
twenty  per  cent ,  consequently  there  would  be  no  falling  off  of  the  national  revenue.  During 
£his  second  year  consumers  would  save  two  cents  per  yard,  if  they  preferred  the  American 
product,  and  a  fraction  over  two  cents  if  they  preferred  the  foreign  product,  and  they  could 
sustain  no  loss  on  the  score  of  revenue. 

During  the  third  year  of  the  experiment  the  home  manufacturers  could  afford  to  reduco 
their  fabrics  to  nine  cents  per  yard.  The  foreign  manufacturers  would  now  have  no  alterna- 
tive but  to  give  up  the  American  market,  or  invoice  their  cotton  goods  at  six  cents  per  yard- 
The  duty  of  forty  per  cent,  on  this  sum  would  be  two  cents  and  forty  hundredths,  hoping,  by 
making  their  goods  lighter,  (thus  saving  in  the  cost  of  the  raw  material,)  and  somewhat  un- 
derselling the  American  manufacturer,  they  could  still  retain  at  least  a  portion  of  the  Amer 
ican  market.  Supposing  that  by  thus  lowering  their  rates,  they  should  be  able  to  supply  one- 
fourth  of  the  demand,  the  revenue  accruing  therefrom  would  be  five  hundred  thousand  dollars 
This  would  be  just  the  amount  of  the  increase  of  revenue  under  the  first  year  of  the  experi 
ment.  For  the  first  three  years,  then,  there  would  be  no  deminution  of  revenue,  and  the 
6onsumers  would,  during  this  year,  have  saved  at  least  three  cents  a  yard  for  all  the  cottori 
fabrics  consumed  by  them. 

During  the  fourth  year  the  home  manufacturers,  being  now  firmly  established,  and  having 
brought  to  their  aid  the  utmost  skill,  and  the  resources  of  the  great  water  power  afforded  by 
the  country,  would  feel  that  they  were  now  fully  competent  to  supply  all  the  wants  of  the 
countrv,  and  that  with  such  an  extensive  marked  as  the  United  States  furnished,  they  could  af- 
ford to  manufacture  cotton  goods,  such   as  they  had  last  year  sold  at  nine  cents   per  yard,  at 


294  REPORT  OF  THE 

the  price  of  eight  cents,  and  should  announce  their  determination  to  do  so.  This  would  con- 
vince foreign  manufacturers  that  they  could  no  longer  hope  to  send  their  cotton  fabrics  to 
the  United  States  without  a  greater  loss  than  they  could  bear.  Thus,  in  four  years,  by  the 
the  protective  system,  the  cost  of  cotton  fabrics  would  have  been  reduced  from  twelve  to  eight 
cents  per  yard.  But  this  would  not  be  all,  a  home  competition  would  now  spring  up,  and  we 
know,  from  experience,  that  for  some  years  past  the  retail  price  of  coarse  cotton  goods  has 
only  been  about  eight  cents  per  yard. 

In  the  foregoing  Essay  I  have  uniformly  spoken  of  the  cost  to  the  importer,  including  the 
duties  payable  on  importation.  Thus,  in  the  first  year  of  the  experiment,  I  have  supposed 
the  cost  to  the  importer,  including  duty,  would  have  been  twelve  cents  per  yard,  but  the  con- 
sumer would  also  have  to  pay  the  profits  of  the  importer  and  the  retail  merchant.  This 
would  not  have  been  less  than  four  cents  per  yard.  The  cost,  therefore,  to  the  consumer, 
would  have  been  sixteen  cents  per  yard  at  the  commencement  of  the  experiment;  but  by  four 
years  operation  of  the  protective  system,  the  price  of  cotton  goods  are  shown  to  have  been 
reduced  to  one  half  that  amount.  Such  are  the  great  advantages  arising  to  the  consumers  of 
cotton  goods.  The  advantages  to  the  country  at  large,  which  will  result  from  a  judicious 
protective  system,  in  relation  to  all  articles  which  we  can  profitably  manufacture  for  ourselvesi 
and  particularly  when  we  produce  the  raw  material,  will  be  hereafter  shown. 

A  careful  examination  of  the  foregoing  remarks  as  to  the  effect  of  a  protective  system 
will  prove  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  entirely  mistaken  in  all  his  assumptions.  I 
have  shown  that  the  protective  system  will  occasion  no  increase  of  price,  yet  that  the  manu- 
facturer will  derive  great  benefit  therefrom.  That  although  the  effect  of  the  protective  sys- 
tem will  be  a  gradual  diminish  of  importations  of  fabrics,  on  which  additional  duties  are  lev- 
ied, that  yet  for  three  years  there  will  be  no  diminution  of  revenue,  and  so  far  from  securing 
to  the  domestic  manufacturers  a  monopoly  of  the  manufacture  of  cotton  fabrics,  they  will 
have  destroyed  the  monopoly  of  British  manufacturers,  and  built  up  a  fair  home  competition, 
which  continues  to  reduce  the  cost  of  cotton  fabrics,  until  the  price  is  reduced  to  the  min- 
imum at  which  the  manufacture  can  be  successfully  carried  on  with  all  the  advantages  which 
the  utmost  skill,  combined  with  water  power,  can  confer.  I  have  shown  that  the  American 
manufacturer,  under  the  operation  of  the  protective  system,  is  never  "unrestrained,"  and 
therefore,  in  a  condition  to  "fix  his  own  price"  upon  his  manufactures,  but  that  he  is,  at  all 
times,  cotrolled  by  the  laws  of  a  fair  competion,  and  whilst  he  is  powerless  to  oppress,  he  has 
eminent  ability  to  advance  the  interests  of  the  consumer  and  of  the  country  at  large.  The 
manufacturer  "does  not  need  a  high  price  for  his  goods,  but  a  steady  market,  affording  a  fair 
and  raasonably  remunerative  compensation  for  his  labor,  skill,  and  capital  employed.  It  is 
true,  that  after  our  manufacturing  establishments  shall  have  afforded  a  much  better  and  cheaper 
article  of  cotton  goods  than  foreigners  could  make  for  us,  we  can  no  longer  derive  a  revenue 
upon  imported  cotton  goods,  because  we  have  no  need  of  them.  Mr.  Secretary  surely  would 
not  recommend  the  policy  of  importing  goods  for  which  we  have  no  need,  for  the  sake  of  the 
duty  which  could  be  derived  from  them.  Experience  shows  that  there  are  articles  enough — 
not  produced  by  us  -upon  which  duties  can  be  levied  to  an  amount  sufficient  to  meet  all  our 
wants.  The  evil  of  our  country,  hitherto,  has  been,  that  duties  on  foreign  productions  afford 
rather  too  much  than  too  little  revenue. 

The  reasoning  of  this  essay  in  favor  of  a  judicious  protective  system,  in  relation  to  cotton 
manufactures,  is  equally  applicable  to  woolen  manufactures,  and  the  manufacture  of  iron  in  all 
its  stages — from  the  ore  dug  out  of  our  rich  and  inexhaustible  mines,  to  the  manufacture  of  the 
finest  steel.  The  raw  material  for  both  these  articles  can  be  furnished  by  our  country,  in  the 
greatest  abund  mce. 

In  the  manufacture  of  these  articles  the  competition  of  foreign  manufacturers  would  have  to 
be  encountered.  And  in  this  encounter  with  establishments,  carried  on  with  the  advantage  of 
long  experience,  great  skill,  abundant  capital,  and  cheap  labor,  it  would  be  perfectly  hopeless 
for  us  to  expect  success,  without  the  benefit  of  reasonable  protection  at  the  commencement. 

With   such  protection,   steadily  persevered  in,  our  manufacturers  would   have  to  undergo  a 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  295 

similar  trial,  as  I  have  explained  in  relation  to  cotton  manufactures.  But  energy  and  perse- 
verance would  overcome  all  obstacles,  and  advantages  to  the  manufacturers,  to  the  consumer, 
and  to  our  country  at  large,  equally  benign  and  permanent,  as  in  case  of  the  cotton  manufac- 
tures, would  be  the  triumphant  reward. 

I  need  not  refer  to  other  manufactures,  for  the  reasoning  of  this  essay  will  apply  to  all  which 
the  circumstances  of  the  country,  from  time  to  time,  will  render  it  expedient  and  prudent  to 
commence. 

The  Secretary  argues  strongly  in  favor  of  foreign  commerce,  and  of  the  advantages  result- 
ing from  extending  friendly  commercial  relations  with  ail  nations.  This  is  all  right,  and  it 
would  have  been  very  satisfactory  if  he  had  expressed  equally  favorable  views  iu  relation  to 
the  internal  commerce  of  the  country. 

Free  trade  with  all  the  world  seems  so  completely  to  occupy  his  mind,  that  he  is  horrified  at 
the  idea  that  we  shall  so  regulate  our  own  affairs  as  to  exclude  foreign  manufactures,  not  by 
prohibitory  laws,  but  by  manufacturing  for  ourselves  a  similar  but  a  better  and  cheaper  article 
than  foreign  manufacturers  can  furnish,  with  no  other  protection  than  the  ordinary  revenue 
duties,  except  temporarily,  until  our  manufacturers  can  get  a  fair  start,  and  a  little  experience  , 
in  a  new  and  untired  business.  "The  day  has  past,"  he  says,  "in  this  country,  for  increasing 
restrictions  upon  commerce."  "We  cannot  expect  to  furnish  the  world  with  our  cotton,  bread 
shiffs,  tobacco,  rice,  and  other  productions,  unless  we  are  willing  to  receive,  in  return,  their 
productions."  "From  a  free  and  unrestricted  commerce  with  the  world,  no  interest  in  the 
country  would  derive  a  more  certain  and  permanent  benefit  than  manufacturers." 

Such  are  the  outlines  of  the  Secretary's  system  of  free  trade.  "A  free  and  unrestricted  com- 
merce with  all  the  world"  is  his  great  panacea  for  all  the  inconveniencies  and  distresses  arising 
from  excessive  importations  of  foreign  goods. 

"We  cannot  expect,"  he  says,    "to  furnish  the    world  with  our  cotton,  breadstuffs,  tobacco 

-  9 

•and  rice,  unless  we  are  willing  to  receive  in  return  their  productions."  Three  of  the  enu- 
merated articles  are  not  cultivated  to  any  extent  in  any  European  country — cotton  and  rice  not 
at  all.  The  former,  our  greatest  export,  they  gladly  receive  from  us  because  it  is  the  raw  ma- 
terial, which  is  the  foundation  of  their  cotton  manufactures,  without  which  they  would  be  ut- 
terly prostrated.  The  quantity  of  rice  which  they  receive  from  us  is  very  inconsiderable,  and 
upon  tobacco  they  levy  the  most  enormous  duties.  In  relation  to  breadstuffs,  which  is  the 
great  product  of  our  country,  European  nations  hold  out — as  they  are  undoubtedly  right  in 
doing — the  strongest  encouragement  to  produce  a  full  supply  for  the  consumption  of  their  own 
population.  Their  great  effort,  instead  of  furnishing  us  a  market  for  our  breadstuff's,  is,  by 
every  expedient  which  is  calculated  to  produce  that  effect,  to  exclude  them  by  a  home  production 
sufficient  to  supply  their  own  consumption.  If  they  can  do  this  they  want  none  of  our  bread, 
stuffs,  because  more  breadstuffs  than  they  can  consume  would  be  utterly  useless  to  them.  But 
when,  from  unfavorable  seasons  or  other  causes,  they  do  not  produce  an  average  crop,  the  de- 
ficiency must  be  supplied  by  importations  from  foreign  countries.  In  such  a  state  of  things- 
they  are  glad  to  receive  breadstuffs  from  the  United  States,  because  they  can  furnish  them 
cheaper  and  in  greater  abundance  than  any  other  nation.  Such  a  temporary  market  for  our 
breadstuffs  would  hardly  be  regarded  by  Mr.  Secretary  as  a  favor  bestowed  upon  us  by  Euro- 
pean nations.  It  would  be  an  advantage  resulting  to  us  by  a  failure,  in  part,  of  European 
crops,  and  the  supply  by  us  would  only  be  a  fair  commercial  operation,  and  ought  not  to  be  re- 
garded as  a  favor,  on  either  side. 

Now,  if  it  is  right  on  the  part  of  European  nations  to  make  great  efforts,  by  duties  on  the 
foreign  article,  and  other  encouragements,  to  raise  their  own  breadstuffs,  is  it  not  equally  fair 
and  just  that  we  should  make  all  reasonable  efforts  to  manufacture  our  own  ordinary  clothing 
at  least.  Warm  clothing  is  essential  to  our  comfort,  and  it  will  be  shown  hereafter  that  it  is 
greatly  to  the  general  interests  that  we  should  manufacture  such  clothing  for  ourselves,  rather 
than  depend  upon  foreigners  to  do  so  for  us. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  from  a  slave  holding  State.  The  following  statements 
will  account  for  his  opinions  in  favor  of  free  trade,  and  "  unrestricted  commerce    with  all  the 


296  REPORT  OF  THE 

world."  The  following  are  cotton  growing  States  :  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  Ala- 
bama, Mississippi,  Texas,  North  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Arkansas  and  Louisiana.  Of  the  fore- 
going ten  States,  the  main  staple,  and  almost  the  sole  agricultural  product  raised  for  exporta- 
tion, of  the  first  six,  is  raw  cotton  and  rice.  Although  the  four  last  named  States  produce 
some  cotton  for  export,  yet  Louisiana  is  chiefly  a  sugar  producing  State,  and  the  other  three 
are  engaged  chiefly  in  producing  breadstuffs,  cattle,  mules,  tobacco,  &c. 

The  exports  of  cotton  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  30th  June,  1857,  was  $1.11,575,859.  There 
was,  during  the  same  time,  an  export  of  rice  amounting  to  $  2,290,400.  Total  of  these  two 
articles  $133,866,259.  These  exports  werenearly  all  from  the  six  cotton-growing  States  enu- 
merated above,  and  two  other  States,  North  Carolina  and  Tennessee,  partly  cotton  growing 
and  partly  other  agricultural  products.  These  eight  States,  under  the  census  of  1850,  had  a 
population  of  4,803,771,  and  a  foreign  market  for  cotton  and  rice — to  say  nothing  of  the  to- 
bacco and  other  agricultural  productions  of  North  Carolina  and  Tennesseee — amounting  to 
nearly  $134,000,000.  The  remaining  twenty-two  States,  (not  including  Louisiana,  a  sugar- 
growing  State,)  have  a  population,  by  census  of  1850,  of  17,477,512,  and  a  foreign  market 
for  breadstuffs  and  provisions  amouuting  to  $75,669,634.  This  includes  the  following  articles  : 
wheat,  flour,  Indian  corn,  Indian  meal,  rye  meal,  rye,  oats  and  other  small  grain,  biscuit  and 
ship  bread,  apples,  potatoes,  onions  and  rice.  This  latter  being  a  product  of  the  cotton-grow 
ing  States  should  be  deducted,  leaving  the  amount  of  the  foreign  market  for  breadstuffs  and 
provisions,  $73,379,234  for  the  twenty-two  non-producing  cotton  States.  It  must  be  recollec- 
ted, too,  that  last  year  there  was  a  short  crop  of  breadstuffs  in  most  of  the  European  coun- 
tries, and  that  there  was,  on  that  account,  a  much  more  than  usual  demand  for  our  bread 
stuffs  and  provisions.  Wheat  and  other  grain  commanded  high  prices,  and  there  was  conse- 
quently a  great  stimulus  for  exportation  of  breadstuffs.  In  ordinary  years  the  demand  for 
breadstuffs  is  not  near  so  great,  and  the  exportations   fall  greatly  short  of  the  above. 

In  addition  to  the  amount  of  breadstuffs  shipped  during  the  last  fiscal  year,  there  must 
be  added  tobacco,  a  product  of  the  non  cotton  growing  States.  This  amounted  to  $  20,260,- 
772,  making  the  entire  foreign  market  for  agricultural  products  of  the  twenty  two  non-cotton- 
growing  States,  $93,646,006  Thus,  the  agricultural  States,  with  nearly  four  times  a  popula- 
tion of  the  cotton  growing  States  have  a  foreign  market  for  their  agricultural  products  amount- 
ieg  to  less  than  two-thirds  of  the  foreign  market  for  cotton  and  rice. 

The  agricultural  States,  besides  breadstuffs  and  tobacco,  have  industriously  searched  out 
other  means  of  paying  for  the  immense  amount  of  foreign  goods  with  which  our  country  has 
been  flooded.  Official  returns  for  the  last  fiscal  year  show  an  exportation  of  products  of  the 
sea,  $3,789,644  ;  products  of  the  forest,  $14,699,711  ;  products  of  factories,  bo.,  $33,054,555. 
Total,  $51,543,910.  Adding  these  additional  exports  of  the  non  cotton-growing  States,  and 
we  have  the  sum  total  of  their  exports,  $145,189,916,  exceediug  by  a  little  over  eleven  mil- 
lions of  dollars  the  product  of  the  cotton  and  rice  of  the  cotton  growing  States.  As  the  pop- 
alation  nf  the  non  cotton  growing  States  is  more  than  three  and  a  half  times  the  population 
of  the  cotton  growing  States,  to  show  the  relative  value  of  the  foreign  market  to  each  sec- 
tion, it  is  only  necessary  to  multiply  $  133,866,259,  the  value  of  the  foreign  market  of  the 
cotton  growing  States,  by  three  and  five  tenths,  which  gives,  $468,531,906  as  the  value  of  the 
foreign  market,  which  ought  to  be  afforded  to  the  non  cotton-growing  States,  to  make  their  con- 
dition, in  relation  to  foreign  commerce,  as  favorable  as  that  of  the  cotton  growing  States. 

All  experience  shows  that  we  never  can  have  a  foreign  market  for  the  agricultural  products 
of  the  eon  cotton  growing  States  to  even  one-fourth  of  that  amount.  They  must,  therefore, 
look  to  a  home  market  for  much  the  largest  proportion  of  their  agricultural  products,  and  to 
the  products  of  the  sea,  and  the  forest,  and  to  their  factories,  for  an  increase  of  their  foreign 
market 

Our  factories,  so  much  derided  in  their  infancy,  and  still  treated  with  so  much  contempt  by 
southern  statesmen,  during  the  last  fiscal  year  found  a  market  abroad  for  their  products,  chiefly 
in  cotton  goods,  to  the  amouut  of  $33,054,555.  In  addition  to  the  advantages  of  a  perma- 
nent and  extensive  foreign  market  for  the  cotton  and  rice  of  the  eight  cotton-growing  States, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  297 

six  of  them  have  a  home  market  to  a  large  amount,  for  raw  cotton,  worked  into  fabrics  of  va- 
rious kinds,  in  the  cotton  mills  of  the  manufacturing  States;  and  a  market,  to  some  extent, 
for  rice  consumed  in  the  twenty-two  non-cotton  producing  States.  Two  of  the  eight  being 
only  partially  engaged  in  the  cotton  culture — North  Carolina  and  Tennessee — have  a  consid- 
erable foreign  market  for  tobacco. 

In  the  state  of  things  existing,  as  above  set  forth,  in  relation  to  our  foreign  commerce,  it  is 
not  surprising  that  public  sentiment  in  the  cotton-growing  States,  should  incline  to  the  doc- 
trine of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  "free  and  unrestricted   commerce  with  all  the  world" 

The  cotton  growing  States  have  nothing  to  apprehend  from  a  "free  and  unrestricted  com- 
merce with  all  the  world."  Their  foreign  market  for  cotton  and  rice,  amounting  to  $133,866, 
259,  that  no  country  can  interfere  with,  when  added  to  a  home  market  for  cotton  and  rice  to 
probably  one  fifth  that  amount,  of  which  they  have  a  monopoly,  as  no  other  country  can  com 
pete  with  them  in  furnishing  the  United  States  with  these  articles  for  home  consumption,  se- 
cures them  effectually  from  all  contingencies  of  trade.  Nothing  can  affect  their  markets, 
either  foreign  or  domestic.  They  ask  no  protection;  they  need  none  except  duties  levied  for 
revenue,  and  they  desire  those  to  be  as  low  as  possible,  so  as  to  encourage  importations  from 
all  the  world,  as  thereby  the  market  and  price  for  raw  cotton  will  be  enlarged,  and  the  interests 
of  the  cotton  growing  States  promoted. 

But  let  us  see  how  this  system  of  "free  and  unrestricted  commerce  with  all  the  world"  will 
operate  upon  the  twenty-two  non  cotton  producing  States.  I  do  not  include  Louisiana,  because 
sugar  being  her  chief  production,  (she  also  raises  cotton,)  for  which  she  has  an  ample  and 
safe  market  for  domestic  consumption,  her  condition,  in  a  commercial  point  of  view,  is  a  per- 
fectly safe  one.  But  how  is  it  in  relation  to  the  other  twenty  two  States?  I  have  shown  the 
entire  foreign  market,  during  the  last  year — which  was  very  favorable  for  the  export  of  bread- 
stuffs— was  but  little  more  than  one  fourth  of  the  foreign  market  of  the  cotton  growing  States, 
taking  into  consideration  their  relative  population. 

Our  whole  exports,  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June,  1857,  was  $278,400,176;  our  imports,  the 
same  year  was  .$368,428,342;  excess  of  importation  $70,028,166.  The  excess  of  importations 
for  the  preceding  fiscal  year  was  still  larger,  amounting  to  $87,996,032.  With  such  large  bal- 
ances of  importations  over  exports  of  all  kinds,  our  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  can  surely 
have  no  fear  that  foreign  nations  "will  not  buy  from  us  unless  we  buy  from  them  in  ex- 
change." 

What  agricultural  products  can  we  send  to  foreign  nations,  in  addition  to  those  hitherto  ex 
ported,  to  pay  these  large  balances?  None,  none  whatever.  We  can  produce  breadstuffs  suf- 
ficient for  the  purpose,  but  foreign  nations  have  no  need  of  them,  and  will  not  receive  them, 
even  in  payment  for  their  goods.  For  the  means  of  paying  these  balances,  we  are  indebted  to 
the  gold  diggers  of  California.  It  is  from  thence  we  derive  the  large  shipments  of  gold, 
which  of  course  must  be  paid  for,  to  enable  us  to  liquidate  the  balances  against  us,  arising  trom 
Mr.  Secretary's  "free  and  unrestricted  commerce  with  all  the  world."  We  may  not  always 
have  the  gold  of  California  to  liquidate  these  annual  large  balances,  resulting  from  "free  and 
unrestricted  commerce."  The  gold  mines  may,  in  time,  run  out,  and  then  we  shall  become 
insolvent,  without  even  the  benefit  of  a  bankrupt  law  to  relieve  us  from  our  embarrassed  con- 
dition. True  wisdom  requires  that  we  should  speedily  adopt  such  measures,  in  relation  to 
commerce,  as  will  prevent  our  average  imports  from  exceeding  our  exports.  To  bring  about 
such  a  wholesome  state  of  things,  we  must  culiivate  and,extend  our  interval  commerce,  greatly 
enlarge  our  manufacturing  establishments,  carry  on  with  greater  activity  our  mining  opera- 
tions— not  of  gold  and  silver  only,  but  of  lead  and  iron,  especially  of  the  latter,  of  which  the 
raw  material,  of  the  best  quality,  exists  in  such  great  abundance  in  our  country. 

I  have  shown,  in  this  essay,  that  we  cannot  rely  upon  a  foreign  market  for  breadstuffs,  the 
great  product  of  most  of  the  States  of  the  Union.  The  home  market  is  already  far  more  valu- 
able than  the  foreign  market.  If  it  were  not,  our  agriculturalists  would  have  but  little  induce- 
ments to  toil  and  labor  to  make  their  farms  produce  large  crops.  The  foreign  market  is  but 
a  drop  in  the  bucket,  compared  with  the  entire  product  of  our  farming  operations.     How,  then, 


298  REPORT  OF  THE 

has  much  the  largest  proportion  of  these  products  found  a  market?  It  is  to  supply  the  home 
consumption.  The  home  consumers  of  agricultural  products  includes  all  persons  who  are  en- 
gaged in  pursuits  other  than  the  cultivation  of  the  soil.  I  know  of  no  public  document  show- 
ing the  relative  numbers  engaged  in  farming  operations,  and  in  other  pursuits.  When  we  take 
a  view  of  the  immense  population  of  all  our  cities,  towns,  and  villages,  we  may  rationally 
conclude  that  their  consumption  of  agricultural  products  must  be  very  great,  and  that  they  do 
now,  and  will  continue,  to  furnish  to  the  farmer  a  very  valuable  market  for  his  products.  The 
extent  and  value  of  this  market  will  steadily  increase  with  the  increase  of  the  non-agricultu- 
ral population  of  the  country, 

Foreign  commerce  undoubtedly  aids  in  building  up  and  populating  our  large  seaport  cities; 
but  internal  commerce  not  only  aids  in  building  up  and  increasing  the  population  of  our  sea- 
ports, but  has  a  still  greater  influence  in  building  up  and  populating  the  cities  and  towns  of  the 
interior  of  the  country.  It  also  gives  employment  to  great  numbers  of  the  consumers  of  the 
agricultural  products  of  the  country.  It  affords  great  encouragement  to  all  the  mechanic  arts, 
and  is  of  immense  importance  in  transporting  the  agricultural  products  from  the  place  of  pro- 
duction to  places  where  they  are  required  for  consumption,  or  for  shipment  to  foreign  ports. 
Whether  thus  transported  in  steamboats,  canal  boats,  or  railroad  cars,  great  advantages  re- 
sult to  the  producer  by  thus  searching  out  new  markets  for  his  products,  and  by  increasing  the 
number  of  consumers  by  the  employment  given  to  great  numbers  of  persons  in  carrying  on 
this  internal  commerce— by  not  only  those  engaged  in  navigating  these  boats  and  conducting  the 
railroad  cars,  but  also  the  ship  builders  and  mechanics,  who  construct  the  same,  and  all  per- 
sons engaged  in  supplying  materials  for  their  construction.  In  carrying  on  this  internal  com- 
merce, a  great  many  persons  must  be  employed  in  loading  and  unloading  the  cars,  in  draying 
the  goods  to  and  from  the  bo-Us  and  cars,  and  in  many  other  ways.  Every  operation  of  inter- 
nal commerce  creates  additional  consumers  of  agricultural  products,  and  thus  operates  benefici- 
ally to  the  agriculturalists,  by  increasing  the  market  for  his  farm  productions.  The  farmer  is, 
therefore,  greatly  interested  in  extending  internal  commerce  as  much  as  possible. 

A  powerful  means  of  extending  this  commerce,  and  at  the  same  time  increasing  the  num- 
ber of  the  consumers  of  agricultural  products,  is  to  create  and  extend  the  manufactures  of 
the  country  to  all  such  objects  as  can  be  profitably  embraced,  under  the  circumstances  of  the 
country.  The  manufacture  of  cotton  goods  has  been  firmly  established,  but  the  manufactures 
of  woolen  goods  are  yet  in  their  infancy.  The  raw  material,  for  this  business,  may  be  pro- 
duced in  our  country  to  any  desirable  extent,  and  by  such  production  operate  to  the  benefit  of 
agriculture  in  two  ways — first,  in  producing  a  market  for  the  raw  material;  and  sscondly,  in 
aiding  to  build  up  woolen  factories,  and  thus  increasing  the  consumers  of  agricultural  products, 
and  invigorating  internal  commerce. 

The  manufacture  of  iron  in  all  its  stages,  from  the  digging  of  the  ore  to  the  production  of 
the  finest  steel,  is  also  an  object  of  great  importance,  and  should  be  speedily  carried  to  the 
greatest  degree  of  perfection,  by  all  suitable  encouragement.  We  ought  to  manufacture,  for 
ouselves,  every  bar  of  iron  used  for  railroad  purposes  or  otherwise.  We  have  the  raw  mate- 
terial  in  great  abundance,  and  the  day  is  not  far  distant,  if  we  give  the  proper  encouragement, 
to  the  manufacture  of  iron,  that  it  will  attain  such  perfection  that  we  shall  ship  large  quanti- 
ties to  foreign  countries  for  s  tie. 

Lead  is  another  article  that  we  may  produce  in  great  quantities,  in  consequence  of  the  ex- 
tensive deposits  of  that  article  in  several  of  the  Northwestern  States. 

Coal  also  exists  in  great  abundance;  in  various  localities,  from  which  a  fine  kind  of  oil  ia 
being  extracted,  and  will  afford  a  valuable  article  to  stimulate  the  internal  commerce  of  the 
country. 

Experience  will  give  rise  to  various  other  domestic  manufactures,  all  of  which  will  tend  to 
promote  the  internal  commerce  of  the  co.intry,  increase  the  number  of  consumers  of  agricultu- 
ral products,  and  thus  advance  the  interests  and  greatly  increase  the  prosperity  of  agriculture. 

Great  advantages  have  hitherto  resulted  to  agriculture,  and  these  advantages  will  be  vastly 
increased  by  the  rearing  up  of  home  manufactures  and  mining  operations,  particularly  in  those 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  299 

parts  of  our  country  where  agricultural  products  are  so  distant  from  places  of  consumption 
that  they  will  not  bear  the  cost  of  transportation.  In  this  respect  the  prosperity  of  the  agri- 
culture of  California  has  been  greatly  advanced.  The  vast  numbers  of  the  citizens  of  that 
State,  engaged  in  gold  digging,  including  their  families  and  hired  hands,  afford  a  market  for 
a  large  portion  of  the  farm  products  of  the  State.  When  to  this  number  is  added  the  popula- 
tion of  the  cities,  towns,  and  villages  which  have  arisen  chiefly  from  the  internal  commerce  of 
the  State,  produced,  in  great  part,  by  the  mining,  manufacturing,  and  mechanical  operations  of 
her  citizens,  we  may  readily  account  for  the  high  degree  of  prosperity  of  the  agricultural  in- 
terests of  California. 

Great  advantages  have  also  resulted  to  the  western  and  north-western  states  from  similar  causes? 
though  in  less  degree.  Manufactures,  mechanical  arts,  and  mining  operations,  though  as  yet 
in  their  infancy,  have  given  rise  to  an  internal  commerce,  which  has  very  much  contributed  to 
the  building  up  of  the  great  cities  of  Cincinnati,  Louisville,  St.  Louis,  Chicago,  and  hundreds 
of  other  cities  and  towns  in  the  interior,  which  furnish  a  very  extensive  home  market  for  agri- 
cultural products. 

If  the  farmers  of  the  country  will  look  carefully  into  the  facts  and  circumstances  which  I 
have  referred  to  in  this  Essay,  they  cannot  fail  to  perceive  the  reason  why  the  agricultural 
states  have  enjoyed  a  considerable  degree  of  prosperity,  with  a  foreign  market  for  their  pro- 
duces, amounting  in  value  to  less  than  one  third  of  the  foreign  market  of  the  cotton  growing 
States.  They  will  plainly  perceive  that  the  prosperity  of  the  agricultural  interest  is  owing 
entirely  to  the  home  market  for  agricultural  products.  That  if  they  were  to  depend  alone 
upon  the  foreign  market  for  their  products,  it  would  fall  so  far  short  of  their  actual  surplus  as 
to  render  it  of  so  little  value  as  to  scarcely  pay  for  transportation  a  few  hundred  miles,  either 
by  steamboat  or  railroad  conveyance.  In  such  a  state  of  things  the  foreign  market  would  be 
worth  literally  nothing. 

A  large  majority  of  our  citizens  are  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.  It  is  this  occupation 
upon  which  all  others  is  founded.  It  is  this,  in  particular,  upon  which  the  internal  commerce 
of  the  country  is  founded.  It  is  this  which  furnishes  the  means  of  greatly  extending  that 
commerce,  so  much  more  valuable  than  foreign  commerce.  Agriculturists,  you  have  it  in  your 
power,  by  your  numbers  at  the  polls,  to  command  the  adoption  of  a  system  of  policy  that  will 
give  protection  to  the  agricultural  interest  of  the  country.  I  have  shown  you  how  this  can 
and  ought  to  be  done.  It  is  by  adopting  efficient  means  to  rear  up  and  support  home  industry* 
home  manufactures,  home  commerce,  and  a  consequent  home  market  for  all  agricultural,  manu- 
facturing,  mechanical,  and  mining  products. 

December  26,   1857. 


REPORT  OF  THE  CORRESPONDING  SECRETARY. 


Gentlemen  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 

The  varied  and  laborious  duties  of  Corresponding  Secretary  being  considerably  in- 
creased by  your  action  of  March  last,  a  book  for  the  permanent  record  of  his  transactions  was 
procured,  and  nine  pages  of  it  have  been  filled  with  short  minutes  of  his  proceedings,  in 
which  reference  is  made  to  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  the  organ  of  the  Society,  in  which 
these  proceedings  have  all  been  published  in  full.  Eighteen  circulars  have  been  published  at 
various  times,  in  which  notice  has  been  given  to  the  members  of  this  Society,  to  County  So- 
cieties in  Kentucky,  and  to  Societies  in  other  States,  and  to  the  public,  of  the  important  pro- 
ceedings of  this  Society,  the  object  of  which  circulars  has  been  to  secure  their  prompt  and 
cordial  co-operation. 


300  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  Society  is  under  obligations  to  a  number  of  the  political  newspapers  in  various  parts  of 
the  State,  which  have  also,  at  my  request,  re  published  these  notices  without  charge. 

More  effectually  to  secure  the  objects  of  the  Society,  it  was  thought  advisable  to  publish  in 
printed  letter  form,  the  annexed  circular,  a  copy  of  which  was  sent  to  the  President  of  every 
County  Society,  and  one  also  to  the  County  Judge,  or  some  prominent  individual  in  every 
county  in  Kentucky,  together  with  a  written  letter  explanatory  and  impressive  of  the  objects 
of  the  Society: 

TO  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND    MECHANICAL    ASSOCIATIONS    IN  KEN- 
TUCKY. 

To  ensure  success  to  the  measures  of  improvement  for  which  we  are  mutually  associated, 
the  harmonious  action  of  all  their  friends  is  indispensably  necessary.  I  therefore  address 
you,  in  behalf  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  for  the  purpose  of  inviting  your 
concert  arid  co  operation.  In  all  of  our  measures  we  wish  to  confer  with  you  as  far  as  is  prac- 
ticable, and  to  take  no  action  which  will  not  embrace  the  best  interest  of  each  and  every 
local  Society  in  the  State;  and  no  measure  will  be  recommended  which  will  not  merit  and 
should  not  receive  their  cordial  support. 

It  is  my  special  duty  to  communicate  to  you  some  of  these  measures  at  present:  At  the 
January  meeting  of  the  State  Society,  a  resolution  was  adopted  requesting  each  of  the  local 
or  County  Societies  to  cause  a  public  address  to  be  delivered  during  the  time  of  their  respec- 
tive fairs  of  1857.  The  promotion  of  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  improvement,  in  general, 
will  be  the  subject  of  these  addresses;  but  it  is  desired  that  the  public  attention  should  be  spe- 
cially invited  to,  and  impressed  with,  the  importance  of  a  more  liberal  and  permanent  endow- 
ment of  trie  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  by  our  State.  Legislature. 

A  resolution  has  also  been  adopted  by  the  Directors  of  the  State  Society,  calling  public  at 
tention  to  the  importance  of  some  wise  and  prudent  legislation  for  the  promotion  of  Agricul- 
tural education,  by  the  establishment  of  a  literary  institution,  especially  adapted  to  that  pur- 
pose, in  connection  with  a  model  farm,  on  which  practical  and  improved  agriculture  shall  be 
taught  to  the  pupils  of  that  Institution.  This  also  will  be  a  subject  highly  appropriate  for 
these  addresses,  at  least  one  of  which  should  be  delivered  at  every  Fair,  by  gentlemen  of  the 
highest  character  and  greatest  information;  for  the  occasion  is  worthy  of  the  best  effort  of 
the  most  exalted  talent  in  any  community.  Ex  Gov.  Powell  has  already  accepted  the  invita- 
tion to  address  the  State  Society  during  the  Fair  at  Henderson. 

Appreciating  the  indispensable  importance  of  a  common  medium  of  communication  be 
tween  all  the  Societies,  and  all  the  friends  of  agricultural  improvement  in  the  State,  this  So- 
ciety has  repeatedly  reeommened  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  (its  organ,)  to  public  support  and 
patronage.  For  that  purpose,  and  also  to  encourage  a  taste  for  agricultural  literature,  the 
State  Society  has  offered  numerous  bound  volumes  of  that  excellent  periodical,  as  premiums 
at  the  State  Fair,  next  fall.  Allow  me  to  present  this  subject  to  your  favorable  examination, 
and  for  your  prompt  action,  in  such  manner  as  in  your  judgment  will  be  most  appropriate  and 
efficient. 

A  number  of  copies  of  the  Geological  Report  of  Kentucky  were  kindly  placed  at  the  dis- 
posal of  this  Society,  by  his  Excellency  Gov  Morehead,  and  it  was  deemed  the  most  ap 
propriate  disposition  of  them  to  present  one  to  each  County  Society  in  the  State  You  will 
therefore  please  make  application,  should  no  opportunity  present  for  me  to  send  one  to  you. 

A  room  over  the  Executive  Office  has  been  assigned  to  the  State  Society,  where  it  is  desired 
to  make  such  a  collection  of  books,  seeds,  plants,  minerals,  rocks,  fossils,  insects,  reptiles, 
earths,  &.C.,  &c,  as  shall  in  some  degree  represent  the  wealth  of  our  great  State,  and  the  in- 
telligence and  public  spirit  of  her  citizens.  It  is  desired  that  every  county  in  the  State  shall 
have  there  such  specimens  as  will  be  appropriate  exponents  of  her  soil,  industry,  intelligence 
and  wealth.  It  is  intended  to  establish  there,  also,  an  interchange  of  all  such  seeds,  grains, 
&c,  as  may  be  deemed  of  superior  excellence;  and  for  this  purpose,  also,  as  we'll  as  for  exhi- 
bition, it  is  desired  to  receive  specimens  of  all  grains,  seeds,  &c,  to  which  premiums  may  be 
awarded  at  your  respective  Fairs.  I  would  therefore  bespeak  your  favorable  consideration  of 
this  subject.  As  some  counties  are  not  embraced  by  any  Society,  I  would  now  appeal  to  their 
intelligent  and  public  spirited  citizens  in  this  behalf.  Specimens  and  collections  may  be  sent 
to  me  by  the  public  conveyances,  at  the  expense  of  the  State  Society,  and  all  objects  received 
will  be  carefully  and  appropriately  disposed  of. 

It  is  desired  that  the  Annual  Report  of  the  State  Society  shall  embrace,  not  only  the  public 
addresses,  and  all  other  proceedings  of  the  County  Societies,  for  this  year,  but  a  brief  histor- 
ical sketch  of  those  societies  is  also  desired,  and  any  other  matters  which  they  may  deem  of 
sufficient  interest  to  be  published.  Full  Reports  from  all  the  County  Societies  are  therefore 
requested  to  be  sent  to  me  immediately  after  their  respective  exibitions,  as  they  should  be 
put  to  the  press  about  the  first  of  December,  and  time  must  be  allowed  to  arrange  them. 
The  Premium  List  of  the  State  Society,  for  this  year,  will  shortly  be  published,  and  some  copies 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  301 

will  be  sent  to  each  County  Society  for  distribution;  and  it  will  afford  me  pleasure  to  aid  in 
the  distribution  of  the  Premium  Lists  of  those  Societies  which  maybe  sent  to  me  for  that 
purpose.     Most  respectfully,  &c  ,  ROBERT  W.   SCOTT, 

Cor.  Srs'y  Ky.  State  Agricultural  Society. 
Frankfort,  March,  1857. 

Five  thousand  copies  of  the  premiums,  regulations  and  committees,  for  the  State  Fair  of 
1857,  were  printed  and  in  due  time  distributed  as  follows  :  one  copy  was  sent  to  each  member 
of  the  Society,  of  the  Legislature  and  of  Congress  from  Kentucky;  one  to  each  agricultural 
paper  in  the  Linked  States,  and  to  each  political  and  religious  paper  In  K  entucky,  as  far  as 
known;  a  package  of  tea  or  more  to  various  literary  institutions  in  and  out  of  Kentucky  ;  also 
to  all  the  County  Agricultural  Societies  in  Kentucky,  and  to  the  State  Agricultural  Societies 
of  other  States.  Large  packages  were  also  sent  to  each  Vice  President  and  to-  each  Director, 
and  an  effort  was  made  to  equalize  the  distribution  of  them  to  every  portion  of  the  State.  Id 
most  cases  the  transmission  was  made  through  the  Post  Office,  and  in  some  cases  bv  Express, 
and  the  postage  paid,  in  all  cases,  and  charged  to  the  Society. 

In  consequence  of  the  unexpected  suspension  of  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  the  awards 
and  other  proceedings  of  the  State  Fair  at  Henderson  and  Ex  Gov.  Powell's  speech,  could  not 
be  published  in  extra  numbers  of  that  paper,  and  some  delay  was  caused  thereby,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  it  was  thought  advisable  to  make  that  publication  in  pamphlet  form,  together 
with  the  premiums  for  tobacco  offered  for  1858  ;  and  1,000  copies  have  been  printed  and  dis- 
tributed in  the  same  manner  as  the  premium  lists  were. 

During  the  year  the  following  periodicals  have  been  sent,  gratuitously,  to  our  Agricultural 
Room,  where  they  have  been  carefully  filed  for  inspection  and  reference,  and  at  the  close  o:5 
the  year  they  will  be  substantially  bound: 

Western  Farm  Journal,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  weekly. 

Valley  Farmer,  Louisville  and  St.  Louis,  monthly. 

Ohio  Cultivator,  Columbus,  semi  monthly. 

Ohio  Farmer,  Cleveland,  weekly. 

Tennessee  Farmer  and  Mechanic,  Nashville,  Tennessee,  monthly. 

Wisconsin  Farmer,  Madison,  Wisconsin,  monthly. 

California  Farmer,  San  Francisco,  California,  weekly. 

Rural  New  Yorker,  Rochester,  New  York,  weekly. 

Journal  of  New  York  State   Agricultural  Society,  monthly. 

The  Library  of  the  Society  is  regarded  with  much  interest,  as  a  source  of  great  future  use- 
fulness, not  only  to  the  Society  but  also  to  the  whole  community,  when  the  collection  shall 
have  become  large  and  varied,  and  when  it  will  be  resorted  to  as  a  fountain  of  information  by 
the  farmers  and  mechanics,  and  others  of  the  whole  State.  Accessible  as  it  is  at  all  times  to 
the  members  of  the  Legislature,  may  we  not  hope  that  it  will  conduce  to  a  wise  and  salutary 
legislation  of  those  professions. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  although  respectful  application  has  been  made  to  our  members  of 
Congress,  and  to  the  heads  of  Departments,  still  but  few  contributions  to  our  Library  have 
been  received  from  these  sources  ;  but  better  results  are  expected  when  assurance  shall  b© 
given  of  the  permanence  of  ou?  organization,  and  of  careful  attention  to  the  Library-  T*> 
the  State  Agricultural  Societies  of  other  States  we  are  greatly  indebted  for  the  kind  presen- 
tation of  many  valuable  volumes  of  their  reports  and  transactions,  favors  which  we  hope  soon 
to  be  able  to  reciprocate. 

After  keeping  for  our  Library  one  copy  of  each  publication  which  has  been  received,  the 
others  have  been  carefully  distributed,  as  far  as  opportunity  has  presented,  to  the  County  Ag- 
ricultural and  Mechanical  Societies  in  Kentucky,  and  it  is  expected  that  they  will  form  a  be- 
ginning to  a  valuable  Library  to  each  of  these  Associations. 

The  following  contributions  to  this  department,  during  the  present  year,  are  greatfully  ac- 
knowledged. 

Fourth  Report  of  Indiana  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  from  Mr.  Ignatius  Brown,  Secreta- 
ry— 25  copies. 


302  REPORT  OF  THE 

Geological  Survey  of  Kentucky,  from  Gov.  C.  S.  Morehead — 20  copies. 

Fourth  Annual  Report  of  the  Massachusetts  Board  of  Agriculture,  from  Chas.  L.  Flint — 
25  copies. 

Report  of  Secretary  of  Massachusetts  Board  of  Agriculture,  1856,  presented  by  C.  Flint. 

Railroad  Reports  of  Massachusetts,  1856,  presented  by  Hon.  C  Flint,  Secretary. 

Massachusetts  Registry  of  Births  and  Marriages,  1856,  presented  by  Hon.  C.  Flint,  Secre- 
tary. 

Watson's  Prize  Essay  on  Husbandry,  presented  by  Hon.  C.  Flint,  Secretary. 

Census  of  Massachusetts,  1856,  presented  by  Hon.  C.  Flint. 

Transactions  of  New  York  State  Agricultural  Society  for  the  years  1846,  47,  48,  49,  50,  51, 
52,  53,  54,  and  55,  from  Col.  B.  Johnson,  secretary — 10  volumes. 

Ohio  Agricultural  Reports  for  1850  and  55,  from  Mr.  John  H.  Klippart,  Corresponding  Sec- 
retary— 2  volumes. 

Patent  Office  Report  for  1855 — Agricultural  and  Mechanical — from  Hon.  C.  Mason,  Super 
intendent — 3  volumes. 

Patent  Office  Report  for  1856 — Agricultural — from  Hon.  J.  Holt,  Superintendent— 1  vol- 
ume. 

Report  of  Smithsonian  Institute  for  1856 — by  Hon.  J.  J.  Crittenden,  United  States  Senator 
— 1  volume. 

Patent  Office  Report  for  1855,  from  Hon.  J.  B.  Thompson,  United  States  Senator,  on  Agri- 
culture—  1  volume. 

Dedication  of  New  York  State  Agricultural  Room,  by  Col  B  P.  Johnson — pamphlet — 1 
volume. 

Treasury  Report  of  Ohio,  by  J.  H.  Glenn,  of  Columbus,  Ohio — 1  volume. 

Twenty  five  copies,  each,  of  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  portions  of  the  Patent  Office 
Reports  for  1856,  from  Hon.  J.  Holt,  Superintendent — 75  volumes. 

Reports  of  Ohio  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1856,  by  Mr.  John  H.  Klippart,  Correspond- 
ing Secretary — 25  copies. 

6  volumes  of  Annual  Reports  of  Ohio  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  by  J.  H.  Klippart, 
Corresponding  Secretary. 

Total  receipts  to  the  library  for  1856  one  hundred  and  eighty-three  volumes. 

The  collection  and  distribution  of  seeds,  of  all  sorts,  among  the  members  of  this  Society, 
and  also  to  the  various  County  societies,  promises  to  be  a  highly  popular  and  useful  depart- 
ment of  the  office  of  Corresponding  Secretary.  It  may  be  safely  asserted  that  the  crops  of  the 
State  may  be  as  much  increased  by  the  planting  of  the  best  seed  only,  as  the  stock  of  the 
State  may  be  improved  by  breeding  to  the  best  animals  only.  Scientific  and  skilful  agricul- 
turists and  horticulturists  are  constantly  producing  new  and  improved  seeds  and  plants,  which 
it  is  desirable  rapidly  to  disseminate  over  the  country,  and  others  still  are  imported  from 
abroad.  A  free  interchange  of  these  will  be  of  the  highest  utility  to  all  who  will  participate 
in  it,  and  a  beginning  has  been  made  which  it  is  hoped  will  be  greatly  extended;  and  a  large 
case  in  the  Agricultural  room  has  been  appropriated  to  this  purpose  In  this  manner  many  of 
the  benefits  of  the  Society  may  be  extended  to  remote  parts  of  the  State  which  cannot  parti- 
cipate in  the  Fail's  of  the  Society,  and  on  this  account  this  department  should  be  especially 
cheiished  and  promoted. 

The  Society  is  under  great  obligations  to  the  Superintendent  of  the  Patent  Office  for  frequent 
kind  remembrance  in  this  particular. 

During  the  past  year  there  have  been  received  and  distributed  from  that  source  over  five 
hundred  bags  and  packages  of  field  and  garden  seeds,  many  of  which,  there  is  reason  to  be- 
lieve, may  be  of  great  value  to  the  country,  and  the  product  of  some  which  have  been  dis- 
tributed from  this  office  have  alreadv  taken  premiums  at  the  Fair  of  this  Society. 

The  Cabinet  of  the  Society  is  by  no  means  the  smallest  department  of  her  usefulness. 
The  importance  of  cultivating  in  our  people  greater  attention  to  the  study  of  geology,  animal 
and  vegetable  physiology,  entomology,  &c,  may  be  better  appreciated  whea  we  reflect  that  the 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  303 

fields  of  California  were  plowed  for  many  years  before  the  rich  lumps  of  gold  in  her  soil  were 
discovered.  Only  within  the  last  two  years,  many  pearls  of  great  value  have  been  found  in  many 
of  the  waters  of  the  Eastern  States,  and  the  like  may  also  exist  in  the  West;  and  in  each  suc- 
cessive year  our  domestic  animals,  our  crops,  and  our  fruits,  are  destroyed  to  the  value  of 
many  millions  of  dollars.  For  the  accomplishment  of  this  most  desirable  object,  the  Cabinet 
of  this  Society  presents  one  of  the  most  efficient  means;  and  collections  for  it  in  geology,  natu 
ral  history,  botany,  and  entomology,  from  every  county  in  the  State,  should  be  encouraged  by 
the  offer  of  liberal  and  appropriate  premiums,  and  here  all  these  subjects  would  be  illustrated 
by  appropriate  specimens,  and  be  open  to  the  inspection  and  study  of  all 

In  the  circular  letter  which  was  sent  from  this  office  to  the  several  counties  and  County  Ag 
ricultural  and  Mechanical  Societies  in  the  State,  a  request  was  made  for  specimen's  in  all  these 
departments,  and  of  the  Societies  especially  for  specimens  of  all  their  premium  crops.  'I  he 
almost  entire  disregard  of  this  request  must  be  ascribed  rather  to  the  want  of  public  taste  and 
knowledge  on  these  subjects  than  to  an  indifference  to  the  action  of  the  Society, 

When  an  improved  organization  of  this  office  shall  enable  this  officer  to  visit  all  or  many  of 
the  C°utlt.v  Fairs  in  person,  during  each  year,  it  may  be  made  a  part  of  his  duty  to  encourage 
and  assist  a  public  taste  for  these  subjects,  and  to  secure  collections  of  all  these  objects.  It 
would  be  highly  judicious  also  to  encourage  similar  collections  by  all  of  the  county  societies, 
which,  together  with  the  library  of  each,  should  be  under  the  care  of  the  tenant  of  the  cottage 
on  the  Fair  Grounds,  and  be  open  to  inspection  on  all  suitable  occasions. 

During  the  past  year  an  increased  interest  has  been  manifested  in  the  Cabinet  of  this  Socie- 
ty, and  we  are  under  obligations  for  the  following  contributions  : 

Specimens  of  dew  and  water  rotted  hemp,  and  of  rope,  by  Col.  C  J  Sanders,  U.  S.  Hemp 
Agent,  Lexington,  Ky. 

A  box  of  minerals  and  fossils,  from  Prof  D.  D.  Owen,  State  Geologist  of  Kentucky. 

A  box  of  coal  of  several  kinds,  which  took  the  premium  at  the  Second  State  Fair  of  Ken- 
tucky, by  Mr.  W.  B.  Arnold,  from  his  mines  in  Hopkins  county,  Ky. 

A  box  of  coal  and  iron  ore,  from  Mr.  Alfred  Townes,  from  his  mines  in  Hopkins  county, 
Ky. 

Fine  specimens  of  premium  corn  and  tobacco,  from  the  second  Kentucky  State  Fair  at  Hen- 
derson. 

Two  valuable  boxes  of  minerals  and  fossils,  from  Dr.  D.  D.  Owen,  of  Indiana. 

Numerous  specimens  of  analyzed  soils  of  Kentucky,  by  Dr.  D.  D.  Owen. 

The  same  by  Dr.  Robert  Peter,  Agricultural  Chemist,  Lexington,  Ky. 

Additional  cases  have  been  prepared,  and  all  the  specimens  are  being  labelled  and  placed  in 
them.  In  due  time,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  each  county  in  the  State  shall  have  here  a  separate 
case,  in  which  shall  be  kept  specimens  of  her  soil,  crops,  minerals,  fossils,  &c.  &c. 

Reports  fuom  Counties.  The  collection  and  publication  of  the  agricultural  statistics  of 
the  Commonwealth  is  one  of  the  most  palpable  fields  of  usefulness  and  most  obvious  duties 
of  a  well  organized  State  Society. 

The  agricultural  statistics  now  procured  and  published  through  the  Auditor's  office,  have 
already  been  found  highly  useful  in  the  regulation  of  the  pecuniary  transactions  of  those  per- 
sons who  are  in  the  habit  of  trading  in  such  articles,  and  still  greater  benefits  would  result 
from  more  extensive  and  accurate  statistical  publications. 

It  is  a  matter  of  regret  that  our  own  organization  for  this  important  object  is  by  no  means 
perfect,  if  indeed  it  is  at  all  contemplated.  It  is  worthy  of  consideration  whether  it  may 
not  properly  be  made  the  duty  of  the  Directors  of  this  Society  to  procure  and  furnish  to  this 
office,  at  an  early  day  in  each  year,  these  statistics,  and  a  report  from  each  county  in  their 
district.  For  this  purpose  they  may  be  able  to  avail  themselves  of  the  information  obtained 
by  the  Assesor  for  each  county. 

With  the  view  of  accomplishing  what  might  be  practicable  with  the  limited  means  and  ac- 
quaintance of  this  office,  on  this  subject,  a  printed  circular  and  written  letter  were  sent  out 
through  the  post  office  at  an  early  day,  addressed  to  some  prominent  and  intelligent  gentleman 


304 


REPORT  OF  THE 


in  each  county  in  the  State,  requesting  from  each  a  report,  embracing  a  description  of  the 
soils,  minerals,  crops  and  stock,  timbers,  water  powers,  manufactures,  educational  institutions, 
&c  ,  of  each  county,  together  with  specimens  of  the  same  for  the  cabinet  as  far  as  practicable. 
The  circular  was  also  widely  published  in  the  political  papers,  and  the  request  was  subse 
quently  renewed  through  them.  Such  'eports  from  seventeen  counties  have  been  received, 
and  many  others  have  been  promised.  When  all  shall  be  embodied,  there  will  be  presented 
an  invaluable  mass  of  information  as  to  the  resources,  wealth  and  business  of  the  country, 
such  as  is  no  where  else  to  be  found,  and  which  cannot  fail  to  have  the  most  salutary  effects 
in  inducing  immigration,  directing  trade  and  business,  and  in  inviting  the  investment  of  cap- 
ital. 

By  the  next  annual  publication  by  the  Society  it  is  hoped  to  be  able  to  present  a  full  and 
accurate  report  from  each  county  in  the  State,  and  somewhat  similar  to  those  which  are 
presented  at  this  time.  As  an  inducement  to  the  prompt  and  faithful  discharge  of  this  ser- 
vice, it  may  be  well  to  encourage  and  promote  it  by  offering  Ten  Premiums,  one  for  each 
Congressional  District,  to  the  person  who  shall  present  the  best  report  of  his  county,  the  re 
porter  for  each  county  to  be  selected  at  each  annual  meeting  of  the  State  Society;  the  re- 
port to  be  sent  to  this  office  within  a  specified  time,  and  the  award  to  be  made  by  the  Corres- 
ponding Secretary  and  one  or  more  of  the  Directors. 

Reports  of  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Societies.  Full  and  complete  reports 
to  this  office  from  the  various  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  in  the  State 
being  an  object  of  the  highest  importance,  no  effort  has  been  spared  to  secure  them,  and  print- 
ed circulars,  manuscript  letters,  newspaper  publications,  and  personal  applications,  have  all  been 
freely  resorted  to. 

The  promptness  and  courtesy  with  which  many  of  these  reports  have  been  made  is  a  cause 
of  grateful  acknowledgment,  and  where  full  reports  have  not  been  presented  there  is  no  reason 
to  believe  that  it  is  to  be  ascribed  to  a  want  of  fraternal  and  co  operative  feeling,  but  rather  t> 
want  of  system  audhabit  in  the  matter. 

By  the  way  of  assisting  the  local  societies,  and  as  an  encouragement  in  making  their  reports 
it  is  proposed  to  ask  the  Legislature  to  give  $100  to  each  such  Association  which  shall  hereaf- 
ter hold  a  Fair  and  offer  not  less  than  $500  in  premiums,  and  make  a  full  report  thereof  to  this 
office,  according  to  a  proposed  form. 

There  are  tweuty  seven  such  Associations  in  this  State,  all  of  which  appear  from  their  re- 
ports, so  far  as  made,  to  be  more  successful  and  prosperous  than  formerly;  all  have  held  Fairs 
during  the  past  year,  with  better  attendance  and  greater  number  of  entries  than  ever  before, 
and  they  report  that  a  manifest  improvement  appears  in  the  stock,  crops,  implements,  manu- 
factures, and  general  intelligence  of  the  county,  chiefly  ascribable  to  the  salutary  influence  of 
these  Societies. 

Almost  all  of  them  have  extensive  and  permanent  structures  on  their  grounds,  and  still  fur- 
ther improvements  in  contemplation.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  a  (ew  only  have  manifested  a 
desire  for  the  mental  improvement  of  their  members  by  holding  discussions,  having  public  ad- 
dressed, and  offering  books  and  periodicals  as  premiums. 

These  facts  will  more  fully  appear  from  the  following  condensed  summary  of  these  reports. 
From  a  careful  inspection  it  appears  thai  many  thousands  of  dollars  are  invested  in  the  land 
and  improvements  of  these  Societies,  and  large  sums  are  annually  offered  by  them  as  pre- 
miums. 

Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society.    Has  held  twenty  one  Fairs;  grounds  contain  twen- 
ty eight  acres;  amphitheatre  200  feet  in  diameter;  cottage,  booths,  industrial  and  mechanical 
hall,  and  300  stalls.    Value,  $16,200.   Brutus  J.  Clay,  President;  A.  M.  Brown,  Recording  Sec 
retary.     Post-office,  Paris,  Ky.     Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  September  22,  and  continued 
four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $1,200. 

Campell  County  Agricultural  Society.  Has  held  two  Fairs;  grounds  contain  ten  acres; 
amphitheatre  for  7,000  persons.  Value,  $6,000.  Benjamin  Smith,  President;  Benjamin  Beall, 
Secretary.     Post  office  address  of  President,  Cold  Spring,  Campbell   county,  Ky  ,  and  of  the 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  305 

Secretary,  Alexandria,  Ky.     Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  September  21,  and  continued  five 
days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $981. 

Central  Kentucky  Stock,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  six 
Fairs;  grounds  contain  twenty  five  acres;  amphitheatre  for  10,000  persons;  cottage,  booths, 
two  wells,  stalls,  and  mnsic  stand.  Value,  $20,000.  James  S.  Hopkins,  President;  John  B. 
Aikin.  Secretary.  Post  office  address,  Danville,  Ky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  August 
7,  and  continued  four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $1,200. 

Christian    County    Agricultural    and    Mechanical    Association.     Has  held  one  Fair; 
grounds  contain  twenty   acres;   amphitheatre  257  feet  in  diameter,  and  will  hold  about  6,000 
persons;  cottage,  booths,  and  stalls.     Thomas  Green,  President;  John   C.  Latham,  Secretary. 
Post  oifice  address,  Hopkinsville,  Ky.     Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  October  21,  and  con 
tinued  four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $1,500. 

Clarke  County  Stock  Improving  Society.  Has  held  two  Fairs.  William  R.  Duncan, 
President;  W.  H.  Winn,  Recording  Secretary.  Post-office  address,  Winchester,  Ky.  Tim© 
of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  August  19,  and  continued  three  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid. 


Crab  Orchard  Stock,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  five  Fairs; 
grounds  contain  ten  acres;  amphitheatre,  cottage,  and  stalls.  G.  A.  Lackey,  President,  Hiram 
Roberts,  Secretary.  Post  office  address  of  President,  Walnut  Flat,  Lincoln  county,  Ky.,  and 
of  the  Secretary,  Crab  Orchard,  Ky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  August  18,  and  con- 
tinued four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid.  $750. 

Daviess    County    Agricultural    and    Mechanical    Association.     Has   held   four    Fairs; 

grounds  contain acres;  amphitheatre   for   6,000   persons;  120   stalls.     Charles  T.  Noel, 

President;  J.  H.McHenry,  Jr.,  Corresponding  Secretary.  Post  office  address,  Owensboro,  Ky. 
Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  October  21,  and  continued  four  days.  Amount  of  premiums 
paid,  $1,527 

Fulton  County  Agricultural  Society.  Has  held  one  Fair;  grounds  contain  nearly  nine 
acres;  stalls,  &c.  R.  B.  Alexander,  President;  Chilton  L.  Randle,  Secretary.  Time  of  hold 
ing  Fair  for  1857,  October  21,  and  continued  four  days. 

Glenville  Stock  Fair.     Has  held  two  Fairs      C.  D.  Case,  President;  Dr.  James  C.  Bas 
com,  Secretary.     Pust-office   address,   Glenville,  Washington   county,  Ky.     Time  of  holding 
Fair  for  1857,  June  6,  for  one  day.     Premiums  paid  in  Agricultural  Papers 

Green  River  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  six  Fairs;  grounds 
contain  six  acres  of  land,  with  an  amphitheatre  valued  at  $2,500.  Ansel m  Watkins,  Presi- 
dent; John  H.  Page,  Secretary.  Post-office  address,  Glasgow,  Ky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for 
1857,  September  22,  and  continued  four  days. 

Harrison  County  Agricultural  Society.  Has  held  two  Fairs;  grounds  contain  eighteen 
acres  of  land;  amphitheatre  225  feet  in  diameter,  and  will  hold  about  7,000  persons;  cottage 
and  stalls.  Value,  $13,500.  Lucius  Desha,  President;  Joseph  Desha,  Corresponding  Secre- 
tary. Post  office  address,  Cynthiana,  Ky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  August  25,  and 
continued  four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $977. 

Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultural,  Horticultural,  Scientific  and  Mechan- 
ical Association.  Has  held  two  Fairs  ;  grounds  contain  twenty  nine  acres  ;  amphitheatre 
two  hundred  feet  in  diameter  ;  two  hundred  and  fifty  stalls  ;  cottage,  mechanical  and  indus- 
trial hall,  pens,  &c.  Value,  $16,000.  Wm.  T.  Barrett,  President  ;.  W.  A.  Hopkins,  Record- 
ing and  Corresponding  Secretary  Post  Office  address,  Henderson,  Kentucky.  Held  the  State 
Fair,  October  13,  and  continued  five  days. 

Kenton  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  three  Fairs  ; 
grounds  contain  fifteen  acres  ;  amphitheatre  two  hundred  and  twenty  feet  in  diameter  ;  cot 
tage  of  six  rooms,  booths  and  one  hundred  stalls.  Value,  $10,000.  S.  C  Savers,  President ; 
W.  W.  Wilson,  Corresponding  Secretary.  Post  Office  address,  Independence,  Kentucky. 
Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  September  29,  and  continued  five  days. 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.     Has  held  eight  Fairs  ;  grounds 

20 


306  REPORT  OF  THE 

contain  fifty-two  acres  ;  cottage  and  dwelling  ;  two  hundred  stalls  ;  amphitheatre  eight  hun- 
dred and  ten  feet  in  circumference  ;  booths,  &c.  Value,  $3<i,597.  Ben.  Gratz,  President;  D. 
W.  Standeford,  Secretary.  Post  Office  address,  Lexington,  Kentucky  Time  of  holding  the 
Fair  for  1857,  September  18,   and  continued  four  days.     Amount  of  Premiums  paid,  $1,^58. 

Kentucky  Horticultural  Society.  Lawrence  Young,  President  ;  W.  D.  Gallagher,  Re- 
cording Secretary.  Post  Office  address  of  President,  Louisville,  Kentucky;  and  of  the  Sec- 
retary, Pewee  Valley,  Kentucky. 

Kentucky  Mechanics  Institute.  Has  held  five  Fairs  ;  has  an  extensive  building.  George 
A'inslee,  President ;  John  O'Leary,  Corresponding  Secretary.  Post  Office  address,  Louisville, 
Kentucky.     Time  of  Fair  for  1857,   August   18,   and  continued  twenty-five  days. 

Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  four  Fairs;  grounds, 
contain  twelve  acres  ;  amphitheatre  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  diameter  ;  no  stills  for 
stock.  Value,  $3,000.  Robt.  Browder,  President;  Geo.  R.  Bibb,  Secretary.  Post  Office  ad- 
dress. Russellville,  Kentucky.  Time  of  holding  the  Fair  for  1857,  October  5,  and  contin- 
ued three  days.     Amount  of  Premiums  paid,  $637. 

Nelson  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  two  Fairs;  grounds 
contain  twelve  acres  ;  amphitheatre  for  three  thousand  five  hundred  persons,  one  hundred  and 
sixty  feet  in  diameter ;  cottage,  one  hundred  stalls,  music  stand,  &c.  Value,  49,001).  Felix 
G.  Murphy,  President ;  Wm.  Johnson,  Secretary.  Post  Office  address,  Bardstown,  Kentucky. 
Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  September  22,  and  continued  four  days.  Amount  of  Pre- 
miums paid,  $1,358. 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural  Society.  Has  held  three  Fairs  ;  grounds  leased  ;  amphi- 
theatre, &c.  Value,  $9,000.  Washington  Watts,  President;  T.  Spencer  Fish,  Corresponding 
Secretary.  Post  Office  address  of  Secretary,  Florence,  Boone  county,  Kentucky.  Time  of 
holding  Fair  for  1857,  October  6,  and  continued  four  days.  Amount  of  Premiums  paid, 
$1,476. 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  of  Mason,  Lewis,  and 
Fleming  Counties.  Has  held  one  Fair.  Geo.  L.  Foreman,  President ;  Thomas  A.  Curtail, 
Corresponding  Secretary.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  October  13,  and  continued  four 
days.     Amount  of  Premiums  paid,  $1,364. 

Ohio  County  Agricultural,  Mehanical  and  Domestic  Society.  Has  held  one  Fair  ; 
grounds  contain  nine  acres  ;  amphitheatre  two  hundred  and  ten  feet  in  di.i meter,  with  an  oc- 
ta'gon  Judges'  stand  in  the  centre,  two  good  wells,  &c.  A  B.  Baird,  President  ;  C  J.  Law- 
ton,  Secretary.  Post  Office  address,  Hartford,  Kentucky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  lr<57, 
October  27,  and  continued  three  days 

Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  three  Fairs; 
grounds  contain  twelve  acres;  amphitheatre  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  diameter,  inside;  of- 
fices, music  stand,  stalls,  &c;  value,  $5,800.  Edmund  L.  Davison,  President;  James  R. 
Hughes,  Secretary.  Post  office  address,  Springfield,  Kentucky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for 
1857,  September  29,  and  continued  four  days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $870. 

South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  five  Fairs; 
grounds  forty  three  and  a  half  acres;  amphitheatre  two  hundred  and  sixty  feet  in  diameter. 
Gibson  Mallory,  President;  W.  D.  Gallagher,  Corresponding  and  Recording  Secretary.  Post- 
Office  address  of  the  President,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  of  the  Secretary,  Pewee  Valley, 
Kentucky.      United  States  Fair  held  at  their  groui.ds  in  1857. 

South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  at  Paducah.  Has  held 
four  Fairs.  Alfred  Boyd,  President;  H.  C.  Quigley,  Secretary.  Post  office  address,  Paducah, 
Kentucky.     Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  October  22,  and  continued  three  days. 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  at  Eminence.  Ha3  held  seven  Fairs; 
grounds  contain  thirty  acres;  amphitheatre  for  six  thousand  persons;  cottage,  three  booiln, 
one  hundred  stalls,  music  stand,  and  two  wells.  Robert  Mallory,  President;  William  S. 
Helm,  Secretary.     Post  office  address  of  President,  Lagrange,    Kentucky,  and  oi  the    Secre- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOUIETY.  307 

tary,  Eminence,    Kentucky.     Time  of  Fair   for  1857,  October  6,   and  continued    four   days. 
Amount  of  premiums  piid,  $1,600. 

Union  Agricultural  and  .Mechanical  Association  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties, 
Has  held  three  Fairs;  has  twenty  acres  of  land  leased;  amphitheatre  for  twelve  thousand  per- 
sons; cottage,  booths,  floral  hall,  pavillion,  and  one  hundred  and  eighty  stalls;  value,  fl  l,0()0s 
A.  H  Wall,  President;  F.  A.  Savage,  Secretary.  Post  office  address  of  Secretary,  German- 
town,  Kentucky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  1857,  September  '29,  and  continued  four  days. 
Amount  ol  premiums  paid,  $1,750. 

Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association.  Has  held  four  Fairsj 
grounds  contain  twelve  acres;  amphitheatre  tor  Ave  thousand  persons;  pavillion,  offices,  audi 
stalls.  Woodford  Dulaney,  President,;  F.  C.  Henick,  Secretary.  Post  office  addiess,  Bow- 
linggreen,  Kentucky.  Time  of  holding  Fair  for  ls57,  September  30,  and  continued  three 
days.     Amount  of  premiums  paid,  $tfb!L 

It  will  be  observed  that  many  large  sections  of  the  State  are  without  any  Agricultural  So- 
ciety or  Fair;  this,  together  with  the  uniform  success  and  prosperity  of  those  which  uow  ex- 
ist, plainly  indicates  that  others  still  should  be  organized.  '1  here  is  no  reason  whatever  why 
these  agreeable  and  profitable  institutions  should  be  confined  to  the  wealthier  portions  of  the 
State,  or  to  a  blue  grass  or  stock  raising  region.  Pride,  emulation  and  ambition  are  feelings 
ol  the  humau  heart  every  where,  and  they  may  be  reached  by  the  silent  but  eloquent  appeals 
of  these  Fairs,  in  every  section,  business  and  vocatiou  ol  the  State,  if  the  appeal  is  but  prop- 
erly addressed.  The  principal  difference  is  that  the  poorer  sections  of  the  State  are  most  in 
need  ol  public  aid,  and  hence  the  propriety  that  the  Slate  should  give  $1^0  to  each  sucti  So- 
ciety which  holds  a  hair,  and  thus  lue  varied  wealth  and  resources  of  all  the  different  sections 
ol  the  State  will  be  developed  and  stiniu.ated.  Individual  enterprise  and  public  spirit  should 
not  be  staid,  nor  the  fostering  arm  ol  government  be  withheld  until  every  three  or  lour 
counties  iu  the  Slate  shall  have  their  Agricultural  Society  and  their  annual  Fair ,  to  develope 
their  wealth  and  resources,  no  mattei  wlietuer  they  be  found  iu  stock,  or  crops,  or  minerals,  or 
timber,  or  last,  but  greatest  of  all,  in  Hie  population  itself. 

Railroads  have  been  every  where  found  the  valuable,  useful  assistants  iu  getting  up  Fairs  of 
the  greatest  utility  and  success,  and  the  benefits  ol  tbese  occasions  do  not  accrue  more  palpa- 
bly and  bountiiuily,  even  to  the  farmers  themselves,  than  to  the  Railroad  Companies  on  whose 
routes  the  r  airs  are  heid. 

With  the  proper  appreciation  of  their  true  interest  in  this  matter,  railroads  in  other  States 
are  louud  the  prompt  and  willing  assistants  ol  the  Agiicuitural  Societies  in  getting  up  these 
occasions,  by  distributing  the  posiers  anu  hand  bills  of  the  Fair,  aud  even  publishing  them 
themselves  by  giving  tree  passes  to  the  officers,  by  the  ^ratuiluous  transportation  of  all  ani- 
mals aud  articles  lor  exhibition  to  and  from  the  Fairs,  by  the  luuning  ol  extra  trains  for  pas- 
seugers  at  hall  price  during  the  Fair,  aud  iu  many  instances  by  the  contribution  of  money  di- 
rectly to  the  funds  of  the  Society. 

It  is  a  matter  ol  regret  that  iu  Kentucky  although  a  correspondence  has  been  held  with  our 
Railroads  aud  some  advance  has  been  made  by  them,  yet  they  do  not  seem  properly  to  appre 
ciate  their  true  interest  iu  this  matter,  or  else  have  not  acted  in  accoi dance  with  it.  For  a 
remedy  of  this  evil  it  is  suggested  tuat  before  the  next  Slate  Fair  is  located,  that  it  be  aseer, 
tallied  of  the  various  roads,  what  laciliiies  will  be  given  in  case  it  be  located  so  as  to  throw 
•  he  travel  and  transportation  ol   the  occasion  chiefly  on  them. 

The  Society  is  again  uuoer  great  obligation  to  the  political  and  agricultural  papers  of  Ken- 
tucky, aud,  iu  some  instances,  to  those  ol  other  States,  also  lor  the  gratuitous  publication  of- 
the  numerous  circulars  aud  notices  which  have  at  various  times  emanated  from  this  office. 
Grateful  acknowledgment  would  here  be  made  to  each  of  them  by  name  but  lor  the  fear  of 
omitting  some  not  known  to   me. 

WiUi  the  same  characteristic  public  spirit  and  intelligence  not  one  has  expressed  dissent  to 
the  appropriation  iu  aid  of  the  luuds  ol  the  State  Society  by  the  Legislature,  aud  many  of  them 
have  expressed  their  warm  aud  hearty  approbation. 


308  .       REPORT  OF  THE 

Some  time  prior  to  the  State  Fair  three  hundred  complimentary  cards  were  struck  and  dis- 
tributed to  the  officers  of  kindred  associations  in  and  out  of  the  State,  to  members  of  Con- 
gress, and  of  the  Legislature,  Judges,  Ministers,  Presidents  of  Colleges,  Editors,  and  other 
public  and  distinguished  individuals  of  this  and  other  States,  thus  reciprocating  a  courtesy  for 
which  we  were  under  great  obligations,  especially  to  the  State  Agricultural  Societies  of  other 
States. 

Eight  hundred  large  and  handsome  posters  and  several  hundred  small  bills  of  the  State  Fair 
have  also  been  printed  and  widely  disseminated  over  Kentucky  and  also  in  some  of  the  adja- 
cent States. 

The  following  is  a  recapitulation  of  the  work  which  has  been  done  in  the  office  of  the  Cor- 
responding Secretary  during  the  year  1857. 

Every  meeting  of  the  Society  and  of  the  Directors  and  the  State  Fair  were  attended. 

Nineteen  circulars  and  notices  of  various  kinds  were  written  and  published. 

Over  two  hundred  letters  were  received,  filed  and  answered;  besides  many  original  letters 
written. 

Over  eight  hundred  packages  seeds  were  distributed. 

One  hundred  and  eighty-three  volumes  of  books  were  received  and  partly  distributed. 

Five  thousand  copies  of  the  Premium  List  were  distributed  over  the  whole  State. 

Over  one  thousand  hand  bills  and  posters  of  the  State  Fair  were  distributed. 

Three  hundred  complimentary  tickets  were  chiefly  distributed. 

A  printed  circular  and  written  letter  sent  to  every  Society  and  county  in  the  State. 

One  thousand  copies  of  the  Awards,  Address,  &c  ,  at  the  State  Fair,  were  distributed 

Two  hundred  and  seventy  copies  of  papers  and  periodicals  received  and  filed. 

Two  hundred  and  ninety  six  specimens  for  the  Cabinet  received  and  arranged. 

Reports  and  notices  of  county  Societies  and  of  counties  received  and  arranged  for  publica- 
tion. 

Report  made  to  Directors,  and  to  the  Legislature. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

ROBERT  W.  SCOTT. 
Corresponding  Secretary  Kentucky  Stale  Agricultural  Society. 

State  Agricultual  Room,  Frankfort,  November,  1857. 


TREASURERS'  REPORT  FOR  1857. 

JAS.  W.  TATE,  Treasurer, 

In  account  with  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 
DEBITS. 

To  cash  received  for  membership, 

To  cash  received  for  membership,  - 

To  cash  received  per  State  Auditor,  as  appropriation  from  State, 

To  cash  received  for  membership, 

To  interest  on  $4,500,  -  ....... 

To  cash  for  membership, 

To  cash  for  membership,      .--..... 
To  cash  for  privilege  to  sell  liniment,  .... 

Amount  earn  d  forward,      -  ....  $5,64800 


1857. 

Jan. 

14. 

Mar. 

3. 

Mar. 

5. 

Mar. 

5. 

Oct. 

1. 

Oct. 

12 

Oct. 

13. 

Oct. 

13. 

$  162  00 

75  00 

5,000  00 

84  00 

200  00 

15  00 

99  00 

13  00 

1857. 


Oct. 

13. 

Oct. 

13. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

14. 

Oct. 

15. 

Oct. 

15. 

Oct. 

15. 

Oct. 

15. 

Oct. 

15. 

Oct. 

16. 

Oct. 

16. 

Oct. 

16. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


Amount  brought  forward,  ...... 

To  cash  for  privilege  to  sell  soda-water,         .... 

To  cash  for  sale  of  admission  tickets  first  day  State  Fair, 
To  cash  received  for  show  license,        -         -         -        - 

To  cash  received  for  membership,         -         -  v 

To  cash  received  for  show  license, 

To  cash  recived  for  privilege  to  operate  cider-mill, 

To  cash  received  for  membership,  -         ■ 

To  cash  received  lor  show  license,       ----- 

To  cash  received  for  admission  tickets,  second  day  of  State  Fair, 

To  cash  received  for  privilege  .to  peddle,  - 

To  cash  received  for  booth  rent,  - 

To  cash  received  for  two  tobacco  entries,     - 

To  cash  received  for  membership, 

To  cash  received  for  admission  tickets,  for  third  day  State  Fair, 
To  cash  received  for  membership,         -,---_* 
To  cash  received  for  admission  tickets,  fourth  day  State  Fair, 

To  cash  received  for  booth  rent, 

To  cash  received  for  membership, 

To  cash  received  for  license  to  sell  liniment, 

To  cash  received  for  admission  tickets,  fifrh  day  State  Fair, 

To  cash  received  for  difference  in  premiums, 

To  cash  received  for  sale  of  one  pitcher,      -.-■-..- 

To  cash  received  for  membership, 


Total, 


1857.  CREDITS. 

Mar.  2.     By  cash  paid  Adams'  Express, 

Mar.  3.  By  cash  paid  servants  hire,             ...... 

Mar.  3.  By  cash  paid  for  candles,       ....... 

Mar.  4.  By  cash  paid  for  stationery,  &c,           .....--. 

Mar.  16.  By  cash  paid  T.  P.  A.  Bibb,  (salary,)              .... 

June  9.  By  cash  paid  Capital  Hotel,           ...... 

June  9-  By  cash  paid  Hull  &  Co.,  (Premium  List,) 

July  1.  By  cash  paid  Post  Office  at  Frankfort,            .... 

July  4.     By  cash  paid  for  stationery,  &.c, 

July  4.  By  cash  paid  Western  Farm  Journal,             .... 

Aug.  11.  By  cash  paid  Scott  &  Hedges,  Cincinnati,     -         -         -         - 

Sept.  12.  By  cash  paid  Faran  &  McLean,  Cincinnati,            ... 

Sept.  3d.  By  cash  paid  Adams'  Express,        ------ 

Oct.  8.     By  cash  paid   Adams'  Express,       - 

Oct.  8.  By  cash  paid  H    Evans,  (stationery,)     - 

Oct.  8.  By  cash  paid  A    G.  Hodges,            -                            ... 

Oct.  8.  By  cash  paid  Yeoman  Printing  Company,       -         -         -         - 

Oct.  8.  By  cash  paid  for  gum  arabic  and  brush,           .... 

Oct.  8.  By  cash  paid  for  officer's  rosettes,           ..... 

Oct.  12.  By  cash  paid  Steele  &  Earnheart,            ..... 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  paid  Wm.  Lennox, 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  paid  Jos.  W.  Funk, 

Oct.  13.  By  cash  paid  for  blank  book,           -         -         -         -     -    - 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  refunded  Wm.  Bath, 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  refunded  E.  L.  Carlton, 

Oct.  13.     Bv  cash  refunded    A.  Benout, 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  refunded  M   Millen, 

Oct.  13.     By  cash  paid  John  Funk, 

Oct.  15.     By  cash  refunded  E.  J.  Collard, 

Oct.  15.  By  cash  paid  K.  B.  Hart,  for  oats,  &c.            - 

Oct.  17.  By  cash  paid  for  stationery,             ...... 

Oct.  i7.  Bv  cash  paid  A.  C.  Keenon,           ...... 

Oct.  17.     By  cash  paid  J    P.Hawkins, 

Oct.  17.     By  cash  paid  J.  G.   Ford, 

Oct.  17.     By  cash  paid  Steamer  Statesman, 

Oct.  17.     By  cash  paid  G.  A.Meyer  &  Son, 

Oct.  17.  By  cash  paid  James  Bacon,  for  lumber,           .... 

Oct.  17.     By  cash  paid  W.  G.  Beatty,  engiueer, 

Amount  carried  forward, $912  10 


$5,648  00 

5  00 

194  10 

60  00 

156  00 

35  00 

5  00 

10  00 

40  00 

393  20 

1  25 

168  00 

10  00 

6  00 

476  85 

3  00 

254  75 

5  00 

382  00 

5  00 

515  60 

73  00 

20  00 

9  00 

$  8,475  75 

$        25 

2  HO 

25 

93  51 

75  00 

10  00 

225  00 

5  00 

35  00 

8  00 

50  00 

93  00 

50 

2  75 

3  55 

13  00 

7  50 

50 

16  85 

1  70 

50  00 

1  00 

30 

7  50 

10  00 

7  50 

5  00 

2*  25 

11  25 

20  30 

73  62 

12  50 

6  00 

6  00 

75 

2  15 

17  62 

10  00 

310 


REPORT  OF  THE 


1857. 


Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

'Oct. 

17. 

Oct 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

■Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

27. 

•Oct. 

17. 

■Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

'Oct. 

17. 

©Jt. 

17. 

Uct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

■O  :t. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

■Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17 

Oct. 

17. 

■Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

•Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

22. 

Nov. 

2. 

Nuv. 

12. 

Nov. 

15. 

Dec. 

27. 

Dec. 

30. 

Amount  brought  forward, 

By  cash  paid  VVm.  A.  Hopkins,  assistant  clerk,     - 
By  cash  paid  Ben.  Johnson,  assisteut  clerk,  - 

By  cash  paid  M.  P.  Rueker, 

By  cash  paid  Iublvirt  &  Bros    for  bran,  ... 

By  cash  paid  W.  B.  Woodruff,  for  feed,  &c. 

By  cash  paid  J.J.  Towles,  to  pay  unsettled  accounts,    - 

By  cash  paid  Wm.  Lennox, 

By  cash  paid  Warren's  Brass  Band,       .... 
By  cash  paid  for  Engine  and  expenses,  ... 

By  cash  paid  H.  C.  Mullen, 

By  cash  paid  D.  Rudy  &  Co.  ....-•-•- 

By  cash  paid  R.  W    Scott,  salary  as  Recording  Secretary, 

By  cash  paid  Allen  &  Bell,    - 

By  cash  paid  D.  Rudy  &.  Co. 

By  cash  paid  James  E.  Rankin,    -         -         -         -         - 

By  cash  paid  F.  Lockett,  premium,       - 

By  cash  paid  W.  T.  Roberts,  premium,  ... 

By  cash  paid  W.  T.  Barrett,  premium,  .         .         - 

By  casli  paid  H.  S    Fowler,  premium,    -         -         -         - 

By  cash  paid  W.  S.  Holloway,  premium, 

By  cash  paid  Miss  Lucy  Sneed,  premium, 

By  cash  paid  Mr.  Devipe,  premium,       - 

By  cash  paid  J.  S.  Haydon,  premium,    -         -         -         - 

By  cash  paid  Mayer  &  Son,  for  set  planes,    - 

By  cash  paid  Bade,  Lambert  &  Co  ,  premium, 

By  cash  paid  Ladd,  Jenkins  &  Co.,  premium, 

By  cash  paid  John  Lambert,  premium  on  wagon,  - 

By  cash  paid  Mrs.  Newton,  premium  on  nett  counterpane, 

By  cash  paid  Miss  Coolridge,  premium  on   thread  edging. 

By  cash  paid  Miss  Louck,  premium  on  pencil  drawing, 

By  cash  paid  W.  A.  McGill,  premium  on  ambrotypea, 

By  cash  paid  S   J.  Wooley,  premium  on  photographs,    - 

By  cash  paid  Mrs.  Ewing,  premium  on  needle  work, 

By  cash  paid  Robert  Price,  premium  on  wheat. 

By  cash  paid  J    E.  McAlister,  premium  on  pumpkins,    - 

By  cash  paid  G.  M.  Proctor,  premium  on  potatoes, 

By  cash  paid  Mr    Hiuleibrant,  premium  on  sweet  potatoes, 

By  cash  paid  W.  S.  Elam,  premium  on  cabbage, 

By  cash  paid  Mrs.  E    Hart,  premium  on  onions,    - 

By  cash  paid  George  Black,  premium, 

By  cash  paid  G.  L.  Roberts,  premium  on  beans,     - 

By  cash  paid  J    C.  Stapp.  premium  on  honey, 

By  cash  paid  E.  Cheatham  premium  on  lard, 

By  cish  paid  W.  T    Barrett,  premium  on  corn, 

By  cash  paid  Mrs.  Rumsey,  premium  on  painting, 

By  cash  paid  Mrs.  Randolph,  premium  on  coverlits,  &c  , 

By  cash  paid  R.  H.  Alves,  (for  James  Alves,) 

By  cast)  paid  John  Funk,  premium  for  variety  of  potatoes, 

Bs  cash  paid  Mrs.  B  J.  Clay,  premiums,         ... 

By  cash  paid  Hedges,  Free  &  Co.,  premiums, 

By  cash  aaid  J.  L' me,  (refunded,) 

By  cash  paid  Jno.  Kitts  &  Co.,  for  silver  plate, 

By  cash  paid  Treasurer,  salary,      ----- 

By  cash  paid  Express  Company,  - 

By  cash  paid  J.J.  Towles.  per  order  President,     - 

By  cash  paid  Steamer  Diamond,     -         -         -         -         - 

By  cash  paid  Hull  &.  Brother, 

By  cash  paid  A.  G.  Hodges, 

By  cash  paid  R.  W.  Scott,  stationery,    -         -         -         - 


Total, 


RECAPITULATION. 


Total  receipts,     -         - 
Total  expenditures,     - 

Balance  in  hands  of  Treasurer,  - 


$912  10 

15  00 

15  HO 

42  50 

11   HI 

11')  00 

250  00 

135  75 

200  00 

72  00 

88  00 

5  27 

225  00 

2  50 

25 

28  93 

2  00 

2  00 

2  00 

5  00 

3  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

2  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

5  00 

3  00 

5  00 

5  00 

2  00 

2  00 

1  00 

2  00 

2  00 

1  00 

1  00 

1  00 

1  00 

2  00 

2  00 

4  00 

5  00 

5  00 

6  00 

2  00 

35  00 

15  00 

3  00 

3,407  31 

200  ( 0 

50 

247  65 

24  50 

3  75 

98  56 

25  47 

$6,39)   95 

$8,475  75 

6,391  95 

$2,083  80 

STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  311 

There  was,  after  the  State  Fair  at  Henderson  in  October  last,  the  following  amount  of  Sil- 
ver Plate  rem  lining,  to  wit: 

1  Silver  Pitcher,  coat     $25, $25  08 

3  Silver  Pitchers,  cost      20, 6t>  00 

26  Silver  Tumblers,  cost  lit, 260  00 

12  Silver  Tumblers,  cost    5, 60  00 

Total  value  of  Plate, $405  00 

JAS.  W    TATE, 
Treasurer  Ky.  Stale  Ag  Soc"y. 


REPORTS  OF  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSO- 
CIATIONS. 

Reports  have  been  received  from  all  of  the  Societies  in  Kentucky. 
Many  of  them  will  be  found  to  be  highly  interesting  and  instructive, 
expecially  to  young  Societies  just  organizing  and  about  to  erect  their 
buildings.  The  public  thanks  are  due  to  those  gentlemen  who  have 
taken  the  trouble  to  present  these  Reports,  and  it  is  hoped  that  each 
Society  will  hereafter  feel  interested  in  securing  full,  accurate,  and 
interesting  Reports  of  all  their  proceedings  for  the  future  publications 
of  the  State  Society.  The  omissions  which  exist  in  some  of  them 
may  be  supplied  in  future.  If  the  various  committees  at  the  Fairs 
would  give  short  written  descriptions  of  the  objects  which  are  ad- 
judged by  them,  these  might  be  embodied  in  the  Reports,  and  be  the 
means  of  securing  accuracy  and  imparting  interest  to  them. 

It  is  hoped  that  hereafter  the  corresponding  Secretary  of  each 
County  Society  will  feel  it  to  be  a  prominent  part  of  his  duty  to  make 
the  Report  of  his  Society  as  soon  as  the  Fair  is  over.  By  preserving 
copies  of  the  Premium  List,  Awards,  and  published  notices  of  the 
Fairs,  and  sending  them  with  his  communication,  it  will  be  found  t 
be  but  little  trouble.  An  account  of  the  quantity,  amount  and  value  of 
all  the  different  crops  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Fair  would  be  also  highly 
appropriate  information  to  be  contained  in  these  Reports,  and  this  in- 
formation could  be  easily  gathered  by  the  Corresponding  Secretary 
from  the  persons  who  attend  the  Fair  from  all  parts  of  the  adjacent 
country. 

The  Reports  which  are  presented  bear  uniform  testimony  as  to 
their  substantial  benefit  to  the  community,  and  of  the  refined  amuse- 
ment and  social  enjoyment  which  they  afford.  This  will  continue  to 
be  the  case  as  long  as  the  public  good  shall  be  their  only  aim,  and  as 
long  as  vice  and  dissipation  of  every  sort  shall  be  excluded  from 
them. 


3  12  REPORT  OF  THE 

A  HISTORICAL    SKETCH   OF  THE   BOURBON    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL  SO- 
CIETY. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  of  Monday,  the  6th  of  June,  1836 — a  county  court  day — a  number  of 
Bourbon  farmers,  meeting,  casually,  in  the  town  of  Paris,  fell  into  conversation  upon  the  best 
means  of  promoting  the  agricultural  interests  of  the  county.  The  idea  was  suggested,  by  some 
one  of  these,  of  organizing  an  Association,  whose  business  it  should  be,  by  holding  annual 
shows,  the  offer  of  prizes  and  otherwise,  to  promote  the  improvement  of  the  breeds  of  stock, 
and  encourage  the  adoption  of  better  modes  of  farm  culture.  It  was  at  once  determined  to 
carry  this  idea  into  effect,  and  a  subscription  was  forthwith  started,  for  the  purpose  of  ascer- 
taining how  many  could  be  found  who  were  willing  to  give  their  aid  to  the  enterprise.  The 
result  was  so  satisfactory  that  notice  was  given  of  a  public  meeting  to  be  held  on  the  9th  of 
July.  This  meeting  seems  to  have  been  pretty  fully  attended,  and  the  spirit  manifested  was 
thought  to  justify  an  immediate  organizatiou  of  an  Association  to  be  styled  "The  Bourbon 
County  Agricultural  Society."  The  organization  was  partially  perfected,  on  that  day,  by  the 
election  of  the  following  officers,  to  wit:  Gen.  James  Garrard,  President;  Wm.  P.  Hume  and 
Nimrod  L.  Lindsay,  Vice  Presidents;  Thomas  Y.  Brent,  Treasurer;  Thomas  T.  Thornton, 
Corresponding  Secretary,  and  Hiram  M.  Bledsoe,  Recording  Secretary.  A  committee  was 
appointed  to  prepare  a  constitution  for  the  government  of  the  Society,  and  this  committee,  at 
a  subsequent  meeting  held  on  the  30th  of  July,  reported  a  constitution  which,  after  being 
amended  in  some  particulars,  was  adopted.  That  constitution  exists,  with  very  few  altera- 
tions, to  the  present  day. 

Ten  Directors  were  chosen,  as  provied  for  in  the  constitution,  and  the  Society  was ''airly 
organized.  This  first  Board,  in  addition  to  the  President  and  two  Vice  Presidents,  consisted 
of  the  following  gentlemen,  viz  :  George  W.  Williams,  Henry  T.  Duncan.  Henry  Clay,  Sr. , 
James  M.  Cogswell,  Brutus  J.  Clay,  John  Cunningham,  William  Hickman,  Jeremiah  Duncan, 
Charles  S.  Brent,  and  Henry  Towles. 

The  Directors  met  on  the  13th  of  Auguit,  and  arranged  a  schedule  of  premiums  for  the 
first  Fair,  to  be  held  on  the  last  day  of  September  and  first  day  of  October.  The  range  of 
objects  for  which  prizes  were  offered  was  much  less  extensive  than  it  has  since  become.  It 
embraced  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep,  asses,  and  mules,  commencing  with  three  year  olds  of 
each,  and  running  down  through  the  ages,  except  sheep  and  hogs,  for  which  there  was  a  pre- 
mium for  only  one  of  each  sex.  Fat  cattle  of  three  several  ages  were  also  included.  This 
was  the  extent  of  the  premium  list  with  two  exceptions — a  cup  was  offered  for  the  "best  im 
proved  sod  plow  for  double  plowing,"  and  for  the  "best  improved  hemp  implement  for  cutting 
hemp." 

This  schedule  of  premiums,  meagre  as  it  was,  was  quite  equal  to  the  resources  of  the  So- 
ciety. What  these  were,  will  best  appear  by  a  copy  of  the  Treasurer's  first  report,  made  at 
the  annual  meeting  in  1837,  which  is  as  follows: 

DEBITS. 

To  cash  received  from  subscribers,  77,  at  $5, $  385  00 

To  cash  received  as  a  donation, 5  00 

To  cash  received  from  persons  entering  stock  for  exhibition,             -         -         -  105  00 

To  cash  received  at  the  gate, 53  50 

$548  50 

CREDIT8. 

By  cash  paid  for  a  book,           - •  $     50 

By  cash  paid  for  keeping  gate  two  days,            ....  5  00 

By  cash  paid  for  a  rope, 6  50 

By  cash  paid  boy  for  bringing  water, 75 

Bv  cash  paid  for  putting  up  posts  on  Fairgrounds,             -         -  1  00 

By  ca*h  paid  Ben.  M    Riggs  for  cups, 225  00 

By  cash  paid  T.  K.  &  B  B    Marsh  for  cups,     ....  225  00 

By  cash  paid  Lyle  &.  Walker  for  printing,        ....  22  00 

$  485  75 

Balance  due  Society, $  62  75 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  313 

This  first  Board  of  Directors  expended  its  revenues  with  an  economy  which  is  worthy  of  all 
commendation.  Of  $485  laid  out,  $450  were  paid  for  premiums,  and  this  was  scrupulously  di- 
vided, as  had  been  directed  by  the  Society,  "between  the  two  silversmith  establishments  in  the 
town  of  Paris."  The  rope  and  posts  mentioned  in  the  account,  were  used  in  forming  a  "ring" 
for  the  exhibition  of  the  stock,  and  that  same  rope  did  duty  in  that  way  for  several  years 
thereafter. 

It  strikes  one  as  exceedingly  strange,  that  in  such  a  county  as  Bourbon,  at  a  time  when 
money  was  abundant,  and  the  spirit  of  improvement  and  speculation  so  fully  awakened,  only 
seventy-seven  men  could  be  fauud  who  were  ready  to  take  part  in  this  scheme  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  interests  of  Agriculture.  It  is  an  evidence  of  the  general  want  of  faith  in  what 
was  new  and  untried.  The  old  prejudice  against  "book  farming"  and  new  fangled  projects 
and  processes,  and  in  favor  of  the  old  way  of  doing  every  thing,  probably,  had  much  to  do 
with  this  apparent  apathy. 

Of  the  character  of  the  first  exhibition,  the  writer  of  this  can  give  but  little  information. 
There  is  no  record  of  the  number  of  animals  entered  as  competitors  for  the  prizes.  The 
Citizen  newspaper  3ays  the  show  was  highly  creditable  to  the  farmers  of  the  county;  and  per- 
sons who  were  present  say  that  some  of  the  stock  exhibited  would  do  no  discredit  to  the 
Society  at  the  present  day.  Among  the  names  of  the  premium  animals,  some  of  which  are 
recorded,  are  several  whose  blood  now  flows  in  the  veins  of  much  of  the  best  stock  in  the 
country.  There  was  not  then'the  same  uniformity  of  excellence  that  characterizes  our  shows  at 
the  present  day.  Then,  partial  owners,  not  yet  educated  up  to  the  high  standard  of  taste  and 
judgment  now  so  universally  prevalent,  brought  forward  their  favorite  animals  to  be  convinced 
of  their  inferiority  only  by  actual  comparison  with  others  of  really  superior  blood  and  breeding. 
The  advantages  of  high  keeping  and  careful  grooming  were  neither  so  well  understood  nor  so 
fully  appreciated  as  they  now  are.  In  the  early  years  of  the  Society,  animals  just  from  the  pas- 
tures, with  unkempt  hair  and  burr  matted  tails,  were  not  unfrequently  seen  iu  the  ring,  and 
were  not,  as  they  would  be  now,  received  with  the  cry  of  "take  him  out !"  from  crowds  of  un- 
mannerly boys.  The  stuffing,  and  rubbing,  and  currying,  and  washing,  to  which  the  pampered 
competitors  for  the  ribbons  are  now  subjected  were  then  altogether  omitted,  or  rarely  and  par- 
tially resorted  to. 

In  1837,  the  number  of  paying  members  had  fallen  to  fifty-eight;  yet.  the  receipts  of  the  So- 
ciety were  somewhat  larger  than  those  of  the  previous  year,  and  $475  were  expended  in  pre- 
miums. The  premium  list  differed  but  little  from  that  of  the  previous  year;  but  certificates 
were  directed  to  be  given  to  the  "second  best,"  and  this  practice  was  continued  until  three 
years  ago,  when  second  premiums  were  first  offered. 

In  February,  1838,  the  Society  was  first  incorporated  by  an  act  of  the  General  Assembly; 
but  its  prosperity  seems  not  to  have  increased.  Yet  some  additional  premiums,  for  various 
farm  crops,  were  added.  In  the  summer  of  this  year,  the  Society  met  with  a  severe  loss  in 
the  death  of  General  Garrard,  the  President,  who  had  been  one  of  its  earliest  and  most  active 
and  efficient  friends.  He  was  succeded  in  his  office  by  VVm.  P.  Hume,  who  was  re  elected 
until  1841. 

In  1839,  the  condition  of  the  Society  was  so  unsatisfactory  that  something  was  necessary  t° 
be  done  to  increase  its  efficiency,  and  extend  its  influence.  It  was  determined  to  reduce  the 
annual  contribution  of  members  from  five  to  two  dollars,  and  committees  were  appointed  to 
canvass  for  additional  subscribers  at  that  rate.  The  result  was  an  increase  of  the  list  of  mem- 
bers to  two  hundred  and  thirty  five.  The  resources  of  the  Society  were  not,  however,  mate- 
rially increased,  and  the  following  year  the  number  on  the  roll  fell  to  one  hundred  and  seven- 
ty-four, yielding  only  $348;  and  during  that  and  the  succeeding  years  to  1845,  the  Society 
barely  survived,  being  in  that  resppct  more  fortunate  than  any  of  her  sister  Societies  in  the 
State,  all  of  which  perished  beneath  the  financial  troubles  that  prostrated  the  business  and 
crushed  the  spirit  of  the  whole  country. 

These  years  furnish  few  incidents  worthy  of  note. 


314  REPORT  OF  THE 

In  1841,  Maj.  Geo.  W.  Williams  was  chosen  President,  and  he  held  the  office  until  1352, 
when  lie  was  succeeded  by  the  present  President,  Brutus  J.  Clay,  Esq.  The  same  year,  a  res- 
olution was  passed,  directing  the  President  to  call  special  meetings  of  the  Society  for  the  pur- 
poses of  tree  consultation  and  interchange  of  views  and  opinions  upon  the  "subject  of  the 
pracicc  of  agriculture  in  its  various  departments,  and  for  any  other  purpose  promotive  of  the 
objects  of  the  Society."  Some  such  meetings  were  held,  but  with  what  results  the  writer  is  not 
informed,  though  he  can  well  imagine  that  they  may  have  proved  both  interesting  and  pro- 
fitable. 

About  this  time  the  Society  commenced  a  war  upon  the  crows,  offering  a  reward  of  twenty 
dollars  for  the  largest  number  killed  between  the  13th  of  June  and  the  Fai-,  and  another  pre- 
mium to  the  next  largest  number.  This  war  was  prosecuted  to  some  purpose,  for  Abram  Ren- 
nick,  in  1841,  exhibited  four  hundred  scalps,  and  F.  P.  Clay  two  hundred  aod  seventy.  The 
same  premiums  were  given  for  several  years,  but  were  at  length  omitted,  either  because  the 
Society  concluded  that,  as  some  believe,  the  crows  did  as  much  good  as  harm,  or  from  a  con- 
viction that  the  extermination  of  the  birds  was  hopeless,  or,  it  may  be,  because  Abram  Ren- 
nick  proved  the  mightiest  hunter  of  them  all,  and  invariably  received  the  rewards. 

As  an  indication  of  the  spirit  in  which  Bourbon  farmers  met  and  dealt  with  the  hard  times, 
I  copy  the  following  resolution,  adopted  in  1842  : 

Resolved,  That  the  officers  and  members  of  this  Society  will  appear  on  the  ground,  at  the 
next  Annual  Fair,  clothed  in  the  product  and  manufactures  of  our  own  families,  as  far  as  con- 
venient, and  that  we  hereby  pledge  ourselves,  as  a  Society,  that  we  will,  on  all  suitable  occa- 
sions, iu  making  purchases  for  ourselves  and  families,  give  decided  preference  to  such  articles 
as  are  manufactured  in  our  own  country. 

The  first  branch  of  this  resolution,  at  least,  was  pretty  generally  complied  with,  for  home- 
spun was  much  more  fashionable  then  than  now .  The  pledge  contained  in  the  la3t  clause  of 
it,  however,  has  not  sufficed  to  sustain  the  manufacturers  of  our  own  country  against  the  com- 
petition of  power  looms  and  spinning  jennies. 

In  1842,  with  a  view  to  add  interest  to  its  Exhibitions,  and  enlist  the  aid  and  influence  of 
the  ladies,  a  number  of  articles  of  domestic  manufacture  and  needle-work  were  added  to  the 
schedule  of  premiums,  and  in  1843  the  list  of  these  was  still  further  increased,  and  one  day 
of  the  Fair  was  set  apart  for  their  display.  This  action,  it  is  believed,  saved  the  Society  from 
perishing  ;  for  although,  in  that  year  and  the  succeeding  one  the  number  of  members  was  not 
increased,  new  and  more  general  interest  was  taken  in  the  Exhibitions.  The  ladies  took  hold 
of  the  matter  with  spirit,  and  soon  made  attendance  upon  the  Fairs  fashionable.  Up  to  this 
time,  females,  from  some  notion  that  it  was  indelicate  or  improper  for  them  to  gaze  at  horses 
and  bulls,  kept  away  from  the  shows,  and,  for  several  years  after  a  day  had  been  specially  set 
apart  for  them,  they  were  never  present  except  upon  that  day.  It  is  only  within  the  last  few 
years  that  fine  horses  and  fine  cattle  have  become  the  most  interesting  part  of  the  Exhibition 
to  all  the  women  in  the  country. 

The  year  1845  witnessed  a  decided  improvement  in  the  prosperity  of  the  Society,  and  in  the 
following  year,  the  conviction  of  its  advantages  to  the  country  had  become  so  general  and  so 
firmly  fixed,  that  its  leading  friends  determined  to  make  it  a  permanent  institution  of  the 
county  With  this  view  a  committee  was  appointed  to  negotiate  for  the  purchase  of  a  piece 
of  land  for  the  use  of  the  Society,  upon  which  such  fixtures  as  were  necessary  for  its  Exhibi- 
tions might  be  erected.  This  movement  resulted  in  the  purchase  of  ten  acres  of  ground,  at 
one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  per  acre,  part  of  the  present  grounds  of  the  Society.  The  means 
with  which  to  make  this  purchase,  and  add  the  improvements  which  the  wants  of  the  Society 
then  demanded,  were  raised  by  subscriptions  of  stock  in  shares  of  $33  33J^.  By  an  arrange- 
ment with  the  Society  the  stockholders  remained  the  owners  of  the  land,  but  its  use  belonged 
to  the  Society.  Each  shareholder  became  a  member  of  the  Society,  and  was  excused  from 
the  payment  of  the  annual  subscription,  to  which  the  interest  of  the  money  advanced  by  him 
was  regarded  as  equivalent.  The  improvements  made  upon  the  ground  purchased  were  neither 
costly  nor  extensive,  but  they  added  greatly  to  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  the  Exhibi- 
tions.    They  consisted  chiefly  of  an  ordinary  plank  fence,  and  sundry  booths  for  the   use  of 


STATE  AGKICUL1URAL  SOCIETY.  315 

the  officers  and  for  the  sale  of  refreshments.  An  amphitheatre,  of  some  sort,  which  should 
supercede  the  ring  of  roue  and  posts,  vv  ts  considered  a  •desideratum,  and  the  best  manner  of 
supplying  it  with  the  limited  means  at  the  command  of  the  Society,  was  a  frequent  subject  of 
discussion  and  conference.  Upon  the  suggestion  of  the  President,  it  was  finally  determined 
to  take  advantage  of  a  natural  sink  near  the  center  of  the  lot,  and  construct  an  amphitheatre 
by  grading  it  until  its  bottom  became  a  circular  area,  one  hundred  feet  in  diameter,  whilst  its 
Bides  were  terraced  into  convenient  seats.  I  his  was  done,  and  the  whole  being  nicely  sodded, 
it  was  found  to  answer  the  purpose  admirably.  Indeed,  it  was  looked  upon  as  a  triumph,  and 
the  idea  in  which  it  originated  was  regarded  as  almost  an  inspiration. 

But  the  accommodations  thus  furnished  soon  nee  mie  too  contracted  for  the  yearly  increasing 
crowds  that  flocked  to  the  shows,  which  were  annually  becoming  larger  and  more  interesting, 
under  the  stimulus  of  the  additional  premiums  the  Society  was  able  to  offer.  For  several 
years  it  was  necessary  to  rent  land  adjoining  the  Fair  Grounds  for  the  convenience  of  the 
people  and  their  horses,  carriages  and  st  >ck. 

In  1850,  ten  more  acres  of  land  were  purchased,  at  the  price  of  two  hundred  dollars  per- 
acre,  and  this  was  enclosed  with  the  other  bv  a  high  and  substantial  fence,  which  added  mate- 
rially to  the  means  of  the  Society,  by  compelling  all  visitors  to  enter  at  the  gates,  and  pay 
for  the  privilege  of  witnessing  the  Exhibition,  instead  of  climbing  over  the  enclosure. 

In  1 852,  Maj.  George  VV.  Williams,  who  had  served  the  Society  as  its  President,  with  great 
ability  and  efficiency  since  1841,  declined  a  re  election,  and  was  succeeded  by  Brutus  J.  Clay, 
Esq  ,  who  still  retains  the  office,  and  who  has  discharged  its  laborious  and  vexatious  duties 
with  the  greatest  energy,  skill  and  judgment.  The  Society  and  the  county  are  indebted  to 
him,  in  a  very  considerable  degree,  for  those  admirable  improvements  that  have  added  so 
much  to  the  comfort  of  visitors  and  the  convenience  of  Exhibitors.  In  the  first  year  of  his 
presidency  steps  were  taken  for  the  erection  of  the  handsome  cottage  and  admirably  arranged 
and  constructed  amphitheatre,  which  now  adorn  the  grounds  of  the  Society.  The  committee 
appointed  to  superintend  the  erection  of  these  structures,  and  the  stables,  booths,  divisional 
fences,  &c  ,  then  deemed  necessary,  were  authorized  to  expend  $10,000.  The  improvements 
made  cost  fully  that  much.  The  cottage  cost  $2,2  HI;  the  amphitheatre  $5,000,  while  the  bal- 
ance was  expended  in  booths,  stables,  wells,  fencing,  grading,  &c. 

Eight  acres  have  been  recently  added  to  the  grounds,  making  the  whole  twenty-eight  acres, 
admirably  located,  with  the  turnpike  road  on  one  side  and  the  Kentucky  Central  Railroad 
on  the  other.  The  only  other  building  really  necessary  to  make  these  grounds  as  convenient 
as  could  be  desired,  for  the  purposes  to  which  they  are  devoted,  was  supplied  by  the  Kentucky 
State  Agricultural  Society,  which  held  its  first  Fair  upon  them  in  1*56.  This  consisted  of  a 
handsome  and  admirably  arranged  circular  hall,  for  the  exhibition  of  fruits,  flowers,  garden 
products,  and  domestic  manufactures,  need  e  work,  &c.  It  cost  $'2,000,  and  was  purchased 
from  the  State  Society  by  the  County  Society,  upon  terms  mutually  acceptable  to  both. 

These  large  expenditures  were  chiefly  provided  for  by  voluntary  subscriptions,  but  they 
have  necessarily  involved  the  Society  in  a  debt  which  would  have  been  exceedingly  burden 
some  in  any  former  period  of  its  history,  but  which  will  be  entirely  nianigeable  if  its  present 
prosperity  continues.  That  this  prosperity  will  continue  there  is  every  reason  to  hope  and  be- 
lieve. The  Society  has  become  a  permanent  public  necessity.  Its  advantages  are  known  and 
admitted  by  all.  Its  beneficial  influences  upon  the  wealth  of  our  people,  and  the  progress  of 
their  agriculture  and  domestic  industry,  are  too  highly  appreciated  to  be  either  dispensed  with 
or  permitted  to  diminish.  There  is  no  reason  to  fear  that  its  splendid  shows  of  stock  will  de- 
cline in  interest,  or  cease  to  attract  the  admiring  thousands  that  now  annually  flock  to  see 
them.  This  Society  was  one  of  the  first  ever  organized  in  the  State.  She  maintained  her 
existence — a  feeble  one.  it  is  true — when  every  other  perished  Reviving  with  the  returning 
prospeiity  of  the  country,  she  was  in  vigorous  life,  lreely  dispensing  her  benefits,  when  her 
present  rivals  catne  into  existence.  She  has  been  their  leader  and  exemplsr  in  every  enter- 
prise within  the  scope  of  her  organization,  and  she  will  never,  while  the  spirit  and  the  inter- 
ests of  our  people  remain  what  they  are,  abate  her  influences,  or  yield  the  hign  rank  [she  has 
hitherto  held.  A.  M.  BROWN,  Secretary. 


318  REPORT  OF  TEE 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  BOURBON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

CATTLE, 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward, $10  00 

Second  best  Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward,      -         -         -         •         -         -         -    .  5  00 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  - 7  00 

Second  best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four,        -------  3  00 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  - 5  00 

Second  best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,        -------  3  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,        ..........  5  00 

Second  best  Ball,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     --------  2  00 

Bull  Calf,  under  one  year  old,    -----------  5  00 

Second  best  Bull  Calf,  under  one  year  old,         ~         -------  L  00 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  upward,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -        .-         -  10  00 

Second  best  Cow,  four  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,           -         -         -         -                  -         -         -         -  7  00 

Second  best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 3  00 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         - S  00 

Second  best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         .......  3  00 

Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,   -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  ------- i      2  00 

Heiler  Calf,  under  one  year  old,         .-......--500 

Second  best  Heifer  Calf,  under  one  year  old,      --------  1  00 

Judges — R.  S.  Taylor,  J.  R.  Campbell,  Issachar  Fisher,  Jas.  G.  Kiunaird,  and  Jacob  Hughes. 

Alternates — Peter  Hedges,  J.  B.  Kennedy,  J.  F.  Jacoby,  T.  L.  Cunningham,  and  John  Hill. 

HERD. 

Bull  and  five  Cows,  over  one  year  old,  from  one  herd, 20  00 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Bull  of  any  age, - 10  00 

Cow  of  any  age,         ...........                  -  10  00 

Judges — C.  Wilson,  Isaac  C.  Vanmeter,  A.  Dupuy,  R.  C.  Corwin,  and  Wm.  Warfield. 

Alternates — Wm.  P„  Hume,  C.  W.  Jones,  Nelson  Dudley,  Abraham  Rennick,  and  John  Cun- 
ningham. 

FAT    CATTLE  AND    GXEN. 

Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upward,     -         - -         -  10  00 

Fat  Cow,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  four  years  old  and  upward,           -         -         -  10  00 

Steer,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         ---------  7  00 

Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  three  year3  old  under  four,           -         -         -         -          -  7  00 

Steer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           ....--....  5  00 

Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Steer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,               .........  5  00 

Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         -  5  00 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  for  work,                      --.-.-----  10  00 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  for  work.         .......                  -  5  00 

Judges — Wm.  Garner,  John  Goff,  Joseph  Scott,  Hiram  Norton,  and  Jame.3  Ware. 

Alternates — R.  Beresford,  F.  Ford,  J.  F.  Jacoby,  M.  D.  Hume,  and  Wm.  Nunn. 

LONG    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  over  two  years  old,  -         -         -         - 5  00 

Second  best  Buck,  over  two  years  old,         .........  2  00 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,         -                  .........  5  00 

Second  best  Buck,  under  two  years  old,      -                  .......  l  00 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,     - 5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  over  two  years  old,         -         -         -         -         -                 -         -         -  2  00 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,           ..........  5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  under  two  years  old,       .........  1  00 

Five  fat  Sheep, of  any  breed, 5  00 

Second  best  five  fat  Sheep,  of  any  breed, 3  00 

Judges— John  K.  Hildret.h,  J.  R.  Wornall,  and  J.  M.  Bush. 

Alternates — James  Hutchcraft,  Greenberry  Reid,  and  John  Clay. 

MIDDLE    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  over  two  years  old,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Buck,  over  two  years  old, 2  00 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,          .....--.-..  5  00 

Second  best  Biick,  under  two  years  old,  ...--..--  1  (10 
Ewe,  over  two  years  old,    ------------5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  over  two  years  old, 2  00 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,  - ...-5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  under  two  years  old, 1  00 

Judges—  M.  M.  Clay,  R.  C.  Boggs,  and  C.  T.  Garrard. 

Alternates — W.  H.  C.  Morelaud,  James  Kendall,  and  Robert  H.  Clay. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY, 


H7 


TINE    WOOL   SHEEP. 

Buck,  over  two  years  old,  ------------  5 -80 

Second  best  Buck,  over  two  years  old,         -                           2  00 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,         -----------  5  00 

Second  best  Buck,  under  two  years  old,       ---------  1  00 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,    ------------  5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  over  two  years  old,         -                  -------  2  00 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -        -         -        -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Ewe,  under  two  years  old,       ---------  1  00 

Judges — M.  Neff,  R.  Hutchcraft,  and  Wm.  Frice. 

Alternates — Thomas  Jones,  Sr.,  John  Stipp,  and  John  W.  Turner, 

HOGS-. 

Boar,  over  one  year  old,      ...---..----  5  00 

Second  best  Boar,  over  one  year  old,  ----------  2  00 

Boar,  under  one  year  old,            _..... 5  00 

Second  best  Boar,  under  one  year  old,         - 1  00 

Sow,  over  one  year  old,      -                                              5  00 

Second  best  Sow,  over  one  year  old,  ----------  2  00 

Sow,  under  one  year  old, -         - 5  00 

Second  best  Sow,  under  one  year  old,         ---------  1  00 

Five  fat  Hogs,  -                  -                                    5  00 

Second  best  five  fat  Hogs, 3  00 

Judqes — Daniel  Smith,  James  Scott,  and  Samuel  Brooks. 

Alternates—  H.  VV.  Rice,  Jos.  Ewalt,  and  M.  M.  Gass. 

HORSES    FOR    SADDLE. 

Stallion,  four  year3  old  and  upward, -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,         -------  5  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -         -         -         -         -         -         - .   -    -         -  7  CO 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,           -         -----  3  CO 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,      -                                    5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           -  2  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         ------  2  CO 

Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,       ----------  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 1  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         ---------  7  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,      -------  3  00 

Mare,  two  year3  old  and  under  three,         ---------  5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, ....  5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  odo  year  old  and  under  two,           -------  2  00 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,           ----------  5  00 

Second  best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,        -                           -----  1  00 

Judges — Wm   G.  Moore,  Dr.  E   Dudley,  Wm.  Cook,  John  F.  Payne,  and  S.  T.  Drane. 

Alternates — Dr.  George  H.  Whitney,  Hugh  Roseberry,  Ben.  Woods,  Jr.,  Smith  Kenney,  and 
S.  L.  Herndou. 

HORSES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old/and  upward,  -         -         -         -                  .....  20  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,         -------  5  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     ---------  7  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,          -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -------  3  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          ---------  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,      -------  2  00 

Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,       -                  -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  --------  l  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -                  -  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,    -         -         ------  5  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 7  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,      - 3  00 

Marc,  two  years  old  and  under  three,                                     •         -        ...  -        .  5  0O 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -         -         -..-.  3  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 2  00 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,            .-..-..         .         -         .  5  00 

Second  best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,      --------  1  00 


3  1  8  REPORT  OF  THE 

Judges — R.  C.  Stewart.  George  Crane,  G.  D.  Hunt,    Asa  MeConothy,   and   Geo.  W.  Burch. 
Alternates — Ben.  Robertson,  E.  Crutchtield,   James  Miller,  VVm.  McClelland,  aud  Tbumas 

Lewis. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallion  of  any  breed  or  age,      -         -         -  -       10  00 

Mure  of  any  breed  or  age,  .  :  -  .......        ]|)  ()() 

Judges — W.  D.  Crocket,  Abram  Buford,  Edward  Blackburn,  J  ihn  M.  Clay,  and  John  Hos- 
kins. 

Alternates — James  Bradley,  R.  W.  Todhunter,  Robert  Carrick,  Henry  Nichols,  and  E.  R. 
Suntli. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion    three  years  old  aud  upward,  -         -  .......       10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upward,        -------         5  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,      -  -It)  00 

Second  best  Mine,  three  years  old  and  upward,  -------         5   00 

Judges— Petvv  Bramlet,  John  Gilmer,  and  James  Mclntire. 

Alternates — John  H.  Wallace,  Edwin  Claik,  and  Lafayette  Ardery. 

MATCHED  HORSES,  AC. 

Pair  of  matched  carriage  horses,         •  -10  00 

Second  best  pair  matched  carriage  horses,  ft  00 

Pair  ot  matched  mares,  ........--7   00 

Second  best  pair  of  matched  mares,  ---------  -3  00 

Pair  oi   broke  mules,  -  5  00 

Second  bent  pair  of  broke  mules, 2  00 

THORUUGH    BRED    HORSES. 

Stallion,  thorough  bred, l 10  00 

Mare,  thouroghlued, 1.0  00 

MARE  AND    COLTS. 

Mare  and  three  of  her  colts,       ...........       20  00 

GELDINGS. 

Gelding  for  saddle,  four  years  old  and  upward.   .......         -  10  00 

Second  best  Gelding  lor  saddle,  lour  years  oid  and  upward,          -----  5  00 

Ceding  lur  saddle,  under  lour  years  old,               -                    ------  5  00 

Second  besl  Gelding  for  saddle,  uuder  lour  years  old,          -          -          -          -          -          -  3  00 

Gelding  lor  harness,  four  years  old  and  upward,                   -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Gelding  for  harness,  four  years  old  and  upward,        -          •          -          -          -  5  00 

Gelding  lor  harness,  three  yea.s  old  and  under  lour,   •          ------  5  00 

Second  best  Gelding  for  harness,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  M  00 

Gelding  lor  harness,  under  three  years  old,                    -          -          -          -          -          -          -  5  00 

Secuud  best  Gelding  lor  harness,  uuder  three  years  old,      -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

MULES. 

Mule,  three  years  old  and  upward,      -         -  .......       1(1  00 

Second  best  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upward,  -------         5  00 

Horse  mule,  two  \ears  old  and  uuder  three,  ............        5  00 

Secund  best  Horse  mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -         -         -         -         -         -         2  00 

Horse  mule,  ojie  year  old  and  under  two,  ........         5  00 

Second  best  Horse  mule,' one  year  old  and  uuder  two,         -         -         -         -         -         -         1   '0 

Hor.-e  muie  colt,  under  one  jear  old,  -  .......  5  (i() 

Second  best  Horse  mule  coil,  under  one  year  old,       .......         1   00 

Mart   n.ule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ......         -510 

Second  be.-t  Ware  mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -         -         -         -         -         -         2  00 

Mare  mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  .......  5  00 

Second  uet-t  Mare  mule,  one  year    Id  and  under  two,  ......  1    00 

Mare  muieeolt,  under  one  year  old,  -  --------  5  00 

Secoiiu  best  Mare  mule  coll,  under  one  year,     -----  100 

Judges — J.  Wesley  Ware,  Thomas  Johnson,  George  Hamilton,  W.  S.  Rogers,  and  Wm.  R. 
Esuli. 

Alternates — H.  A.  Rogeis,  Josiah  D.  Ware,  A.  S.  Miller,  B.  B.  Marsh,  and  Wm.  VV.  t  isher. 

ASSES. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward. 10  00 

Second  best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward,    --------  5  00 

Jack,  iwo  years  old  and  under  three,  ........         5  00 

Secouu  best  Jack,  two  years  o;d  aud  uuder  three,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         2  00 

Jack,  one  year  olu  aud  under  two,       ------         -.--5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


Second  best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  - 1  00 

Jack  colt,  under  one  year  old,     ----------  5  00 

Second  best  Jack  cole,  under  one  year  old, 1   00 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upward,  ----- 10  HO 

Second  best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upward, ft  00 

Jennet,  two  veais  old  and  under  three,         -         •-        --------  "5-00 

Second  best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 2  00 

Jennet,,  one  year  old  and  under  two,                      --------  5  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  1   00 

Jennet  coit,  under  one  year  old,                    -                             5  00 

Second  best  Jennet  colt,  under  one  year  old, 1   HO 

Judges — Ben.  F.  Bedford,  Lewis  Payne,  Silas  P.  Kennedy,  Simeon  Kirtley,  and  James  K. 
Jamison 

Alternates— Sidney  P.  Clay,  N.  P.  Rogers,  S.  D.  Talbott,  F.  H.  Abbott,  and  James  Hall. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Jack  of  any  age,          ----- 10  00 

Jennet  of  any  a<ie, 10  00 

Judges — B.  B.  Groom.  Joseph  Moran,  and  Anthony  Killgore. 
Alternates — Joseph  Cheuault,  Thomas  Salter,  Lucius  Desha. 

POULTRY. 

Turkies.  pair,     ---------         -----1   00 

Ducks,  Poland,  pair, 1   00 

Chickens,  Shanghai,  pair,  ------------  1  00 

Chichens,  Cochin  China,  pair, ---100 

Chickens,  Doikin,  pair,       -----------  1   00 

Chickens,  Brahma  Pootra,  pair,           ----------  I   00 

Chickens,  Game,  pair,                   1   00 

Judges—  James  T.  Shropshire,  Wm.  C.  Gano  and  VVm.  M.  Kenney. 

Alternates — F.  P.  Bedford,  R.  Hutchcraft,  and  Samuel  H.  Clay. 

D0MESTIC3    OF    WOOL. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home  made,     --------         --5  00 

Seeond  best  Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home  made,          -------  2  00 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  factory  made,  ----------  2  00 

Second  besr,  Fine  Jeans,  ten  \ards,  factory  made,       ........  1  00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home  made,           -....-..-  2  00 

Second  best  Negi  o  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home  made,        -------  1    00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  factory  made,         --------         -2  l'() 

Second  best  Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  factory  made,     -------  1    00 

Fulled  Cloih,  ten  vards, 3  00 

Second  best  Fulled  Cloth,  ten  yards, I    00 

White  Linsev.ten  yards,  home  made,         ---------  2  00 

Seeond  best  White  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home  made,     -------  1   00 

Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home  made,                ..........  fc  00 

Second  best  Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home  made,  -------  1   00 

Negro  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home  made,                            2  00 

Second  best  Negro  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home  made,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Negro  Linsey,  ten  yards,  factory  made,       ..........  2  00 

Second  best  Nejjro  Linsey,  ten  yards,  factory    made,           -         -         -         -         -         -  1    00 

Flannel,  ten  yards,  home  made,            ..........  2  .00 

Second  best  Flannel,  ten  yards,  home  made,       ...-'-.--.  1  00 

Pair  of  Blankets,  KentU'ky  made,                5  (10 

Second  best  Pair  ol   Blankets,  Kentucky   made, 2  00 

Colored  Coverlet, 3  00 

Second  best  Colored  Coverlet, 1  00 

Carper,  ten  yards,  Kentucky  made,     --..------5  00 

Second  best  Carpet,  ten  yards,  Kentucky  made,           -------  2  00 

Hearth  Rug.  home  made, 2  00 

Second  best,  Hearth  Rug,  home  made,         .........  10Q 

Woolen  Hose,              ]    t'O 

Woolen   Halt   Hose, 1  00 

Infant   Socks,                         -          ■ 1   00 

Judjes— John  D.  Hearne,  Wm.  H.  Shackelford,  and  Henry  C.  Howard. 

Alternates — Todd  Baiterton,  C.  F.  Scruggs,  and  Milton  Berry. 

OF    COTTON. 

Kentucky  twilled  Cloth,  mixed,  ten  yards,           ......-«  2  00 

Kentucky  twilled  Cloth,  mixed,  second  best,  ten  yards, 1  00 


320 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Kentucky  twilled  Cloth,  striped,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Kentucky  twilled  Cloth,  striped,  second  best,  ten  yards,      -         -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Kentucky  Negro  Cloth,  plain,  ten  yards,     -                   2  00 

Kentucky  Negro  Cloth,  plain,  second  best,  ten  yards,           -         -         -         -■*'■-         -  1  00 

Kentucky  lied  Ticking,  ten  yards,      -                                              2  00 

Kentucky  Bed  Ticking,  second  best,  ten  yards,  --------  1  00 

White  Counterpane,  home  made,         ----------  3  00 

White  Counterpane,  second  best,  home  made,    -                                    -         -         -         -  1  00 

Cotton  Hose,                1  00 

Judges— W.  W.  Massie,  Wm.  Talbott,  and  J.  B.  Rankin. 

Alternates — Thomas  C.  Wood,  Isaac  N.  Miller,  and  Jacob  Spears. 

OF    HEMP    AND    FLAX. 

Linen  Diaper,  ten  yards,  home-made, 2  00 

Second  best  Linen  Diaper,  ten  yards,  home-made, 1  00 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made, 2  00 

Second  best  Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made,         -------  1  00 

Hemp  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made,           ---------  2  00 

Second  best  Hemp  Linen,  ten  yards,  homemade,       -         - 1  00 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made,     -----.....  2  00 

Second  best  Tow  Linen,  home  made,                   1  00 

Sewing  Thread,  one  pound,  homemade,             --------  1  00 

Judges — H.  R.  Orr,  Richard  Hawes,  and  Wm.  M.  Samuel. 

Alternates — Joseph  Taylor,  J.  W.  Wright,  and  C.  V.  Higgins. 

NEEDLE    WORK,    AC. 

Silk  Patch-work  Quilt, -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Silk  Patch  work  Quilt, 5  00 

Worsted  Patch  work  Quilt, 7  00 

Second  best  Worsted  Patchwork  Quilt, 3  00 

Calico  Patch-work  Quilt,              -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Calico  Patch  Work  Quilt, 2  00 

White  Quilt,  solid  work,              - 5  00 

Second  best  White  Quilt,  solid  work, 2  00 

Calico  Comfort, 2  00 

Second  best  Calico  Comfort,      -         -         - 1  00 

Cloth  Coat  made  by  Tailor, ------  2  00 

Secoud  best  Cloth  Coat  made  by  Tailor, 1  00 

Shirt,  unstarched,                 : 2  00 

Second  best  Shirt,  unstarched,              ..........  i  00 

Silk  Embroidery,                                    -      \ 2  00 

Second  best  Silk  Embroidery,     -----------  1  00 

Worsted  Embroidery  on  Cloth,           - .         .  2  00 

Second  best  Worsted  Embroidery  on  Cloth, 1  00 

Worsted  Embroidery  on  Canvas,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Second  best  Worsted  Embroidery  on  Canvas,             -------  1  00 

Thread  Embroidery, -         -         -         -  2  00 

Second  best  Thread  Embroidery, 1  00 

Hemstitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,             --------  2  00 

Second  best  Hemstitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,           -         -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Ornamental  Shell  Work,             2  00 

Ornamental    Wax  Work, 2  00 

Leather  Work, -  2  00 

Hair  Work,        -         -         --.-..- -  2  00 

Shoes  made  by  a  Lady,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -                  -         -  1  00 

Judges—Mrs.  George  H.  Whitney,  Mrs.  James  S.  Matson,  and  Mr3.  B.  J.  Clay. 

Alternates — Mrs.  R.  Keiningham,  Mrs.  Ben.  C.  Bedford,  and  Mrs.  James  W.  Ingela. 

PAINTINGS,  AC. 

Animal  Painting  in  Water  Colors, 2  00 

Landscape  in  Water  Colors,       ------                  ....  2  00 

Cattle  Drawing, 2  00 

Fruit  Painting,             - 2  00 

Flower  Painting, 2  00 

Fancy  Painting, 2  00 

Grecian  Painting, -         -         -         -  2  00 

Monochromatic  Painting,            .....                  .....  2  00 

Polychromatic  Painting, 2  00 

India  Ink  Drawing,              2  00 

Pencil  Drawing, 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  321 

Display  of  Daguerreotypes, 2  00 

Display  of  Ambrotypes, 2  00 

Display  of  Photographs, 2  00 

Judges— Mrs.  Wm.C.  Lyle,  Miss  Martha  Clay  and  Miss  Ethelia  B.  Moore. 

Alternates— Mrs.  Noah  Spears,  Jr.,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bedford,  and  Mrs.   T.  D.  Wardlow. 

CARRIAGES,  AC. 

Familv  Carriage,  two  Horse,               -  10  00 

Single  Buggy,              5  00 

Wa°;on,  two  Horse, 5  00 

Carriage  Harness, *         -         -  5  00 

Manvs  Saddle  and  Bridle-, 5  00 

Judges — George  VV.  Williams,  A.  D.  Cummins  and  Levi  Link. 

Alternates — William  H.  Crosthwait,  A.  O.  Davis  and  James  Stevenson. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Reaping  Machine, 10  00 

Mowing  Machine, 10  00 

Threshing  Machine, -         -         -  10  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  sod,              -        - -         -         -         -  5  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  stubble, 500 

P'ow,  two  horse,  sub  soil, 5  00 

Plow,  one  horse, 2  00 

Corn  Crusher,              •         - 5  00 

Corn  Sheller, 2  00 

Wheat  Fan, 2  00 

Straw  Cutter,      -         - 2  00 

Harrow, 2  00 

Roller, 2  00 

Cultivator,          ......-.-..-.  2  00 

Hay  Rake, 2  00 

■Mowing  Cradle, 2  00 

Wheat  Drill, 2  00 

Portable  Cider  Press, 3  00 

Apparatus  for  cooking  food  for  stock, 3  00 

Pump, 3  00 

Bee  Hive, -        -        -  2  00 

Churn, 2  00 

Judges — Samuel  Clay,  C.  T.  Garrard  and  Jesse  Hall. 

Alternates — William  P.  Hume,  Col.  William  Wright  and  W.  B.  Rogers. 

HATS,  BOOTS,  AC. 

Fur  Hat-,             2  00 

Wool  Hat, 1  00 

Cloth  Cap, 1  00 

Pair  of  Boots,              2  00 

Pair  of  Shoes  for  ladies  winter  wear, 1  00 

Judges — William  Burr,  Jonathan  Massie  and  James  W.  Ingels. 
Alternates— Daniel  Nichols,  William  Cassady  and  Frank  Gummin3 

GRAINS,  &C. 

Wheat,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Oats,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Rye,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Barley,  half  bushel,             1  00 

Buckwheat,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Fifty  ears  of  Corn  for  bread, 1  00 

Fifty  ears  of  Corn,  for  stock,     ------------  1  00 

Clover  Seed,  one  peck,       .-...-----.-  1  00 

Hemp  Seed,  one  peck,         -                  1  00 

Timothy  Seed,  one  peck,    - 1  00 

Blue  Grass  Seed,  one  peck, 1  00 

Largest  Pumpkin, 1   00 

Judges — Isaac  Wright,  J.  K.  Gottingham,  and  Daniel  Isgrigg. 

Alternates — Thomas  J.  Grimes,  John  Harpe,  and  Wra.  A.  Osborne. 

GARDEN. 

Irish  Potatoes,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Sweet  Potatoes,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Cabbage,  six  heads, 1  00 

Tomatoes,  one  peck, 1  00 

21 


322  REPORT  OF  THE 

Celery,  six  bunches, 1  00 

Turnips,  for  table,  one  peck,       -                                  1  00 

Parsnips,  one  peck,     - 1  00 

Salsify,  one  peck, 1  00 

Onions,  one  peck,       -         -                           1  00 

Carrots,  one  peck, -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Beets,  for  table,  one  peck, 1  00 

Beets,  for  stock,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Lima  Beans,  half  peck, 100 

Bunch  Beans,  half  peck, 100 

Pepper,  half  peck,      - 100 

Watermelons,  three, 1  00 

Muskmelons,  three, 1  00 

Squashes,  half  dozen, 1  00 

Judges — E.  M.  Kennedy.  J.  S.  Matson  and  Joseph  Hearne. 

Alternates — Noah  Spears,  John  A.  Prall  and  D.  P.  Lewis. 

ORCHARD. 

Display  of  Fall  Apples, 1  00 

Display  of  Winter  Apples, 1  00 

Display  of  Cling  Peaches, 1  00 

Display  of  Free  Peaches, 1  00 

Plums,  one  dozen,       -         -                  1  00 

Quinces,  one  dozen, 1  00 

Display  of  Fall  Pears, 1  00 

Display  of  Winter  Pears, 1  00 

Grapes,  Catawba,  basket, 1  00 

Grapes,  Isabella,  basket, 1  00 

Judges — A.  V.  Bedford,  A.  C.  Keenon  and  Wm.  Holloway. 

Alternates — E.  D.  Hobbs,  Wm.  D.  Gallagher  and  H.  T.  Duncan. 

FLOWERS. 

Display  of  Green  House  Flowers,  in  pots,          - 5  00 

Roses,  twenty-four  best  varieties,       - 2  00 

Dahlia,  greatest  variety, 1  00 

Phloxes,  greatest  variety, 100 

Verbenas,  greatest  variety, 100 

Cut  Flowers,  greatest  variety, 1  00 

Boquet  of  Hardy  Flowers,         - 100 

Boquet  of  Green  House  House  Flowers, 1  00 

Floral  Design  of  Living  Flowers, 2  00 

Judges — Thomas  Brown,   Edward  McAllister,  Mrs.  M.  R.  Macaboy,  Mrs.  Hugh  Brent,  Miss 
Elizabeth  Hickman  and  Mrs.  A.  M.Brown. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  five  pounds, 3  00 

Cheese,  ten  pounds, 3  00 

Honey,  five  pounds, 1  00 

Maple  Sugar,  five  pounds, -  1  00 

Preserves,  three  kinds, 2  00 

Pickles,  three  kinds, 2  00 

Jellies,  three  kinds, 2  00 

Preserved  Fruit,  one  can,  ----------         .-100 

Judges — Richard  Hawes,  John  B.  Raine  and  Wm.  M.  Samuel. 
Alternates — Thomas  L.  Arnold,  Chas.  S.  Brent  and  Caleb  Walton. 

PANTRY,  AC. 

Ham, 1  00 

Dried  Beef, -         -         -  1  00 

Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread, 2  00 

Kentucky  Wine,  six.  bottles, Diploma 

Cider,  six  bottles, 2  00 

Lard,  five  pounds, 100 

Candles,  ten  pounds  home-made, 1  00 

Soap,  five  pounds  home-made, 1  00 

Starch,  five  pounds  home-made, 100 

Flour,  fifty  pounds, 1  00 

Meal,  fifty  pounds, 100 

Judges— E.  G.  Bedford,  C.  M.  Clay  and  Joseph  Mitchell. 

Alternates— Samuel  Rule,  J.  R.  Thornton  and  Robert  P.  Kenney. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  616 

ORDER  OF  EXHIBITION. 

First  Day.     Cattle,  Sheep  and  Hog3. 

Second  Day.     Fat  Cattle,  Saddle  Horses,  Sheep  and  Hogs. 

Third  Day.     Harness  Horses,  Mules  and  Poultry. 

Fourth  Day.     Draft  Horses,  Match  Horses,  Geldings  and  Asses. 

Industrial  Hall  will  be  open  for  the  reception  of  articles  for  exhibition  on  Monday  the  21st 
September,  and  all  entries  must  be  made  by  10  o'clock  of  the  first  day  of  the  Fair.  The  Hall 
will  be  open  that  evening  for  the  admission  of  visitors. 

REGULATIONS. 

Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  the  Society,  at  any  time  ten  days  before  the  Fair,  by 
payment  of  two  dollars,  on  application  to  the  Treasurer,-  W.  W.  Mitchell. 

A  few  persons  may  become  stockholders  by  payment  of  thirty-three  dollars  and  thirty-three 
cents,  on  application  to  the  President,  B.  J.  Clay. 

Persons,  not  members,  may  make  exhibitions  by  paying  five   dollars,  at  the  time  of  entry. 

All  stock  must  be  entered  in  the  name  of  the  owner,  by  9  o'clock  of  the  day  of  exhibition, 
at  which  hour  the  exhibition  will  commence  each  day. 

The  gate  of  the  amphitheatre  will  be  closed  in  ten  minutes  after  the  call  of  the  Marshal 
for  each  class  of  stock. 

All  animals  to  which  premiums  shall  be  awarded,  will  be  required  to  remain  on  the  grounds 
until  the  close  of  the  Fair,  except  withdrawn  by  permission  of  the  President. 

All  articles  must  be  entered  and  labelled  before  received  by  the  Superintendents  of  the 
Hall,  and  will  remain  under  their  charge  until  the  close  of  the  Fair. 

All  domestics  exhibited  for  competition  must  have  been  made  within  two  years  preceding 
the  Fair. 

All  farming  implements  must  be  exhibited  by  the  makers  only. 

Members  are  invited  to  exhibit  such  articles,  for  which  no  premium  has  been  offered,  as 
may  be  deemed  of  value,  and  from  the  number  thus  exhibited,  ten  discretionary  premiums 
will  be  awarded  to  the  most  worthy. 

The  President,  Vice  Presidents,  or  one  of  the  Directors,  shall  attend  each  awarding  com- 
mittee, in  viewing  the  different  classes  of  stock  and  articles. 

No  person  other  than  the  Judges  will  be  permitted  to  go  into  the  ring  where  the  stock  is 
exhibiting,  except  the  officers  of  the  Society  and  the  Marshals. 

No  person  who  is  an  exhibitor  can  act  as  Judge,  in  the  class  in  which  he  exhibits. 

All  horses  in  the  harness  class,  two  years  old  and  upward,  must  be  exhibited  in  harness. 

No  stock  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  unless  under  halter,  and  in  care  of  a  groom, 
except  mules. 

Exhibitors  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  groom  a  card,  containing  the  age  of  all  animals 
under  four  years  old. 

No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  enter  but  one  class,  except  in  the  herd  and  sweepstakes. 

No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  to  show  his  own  stock,  and  in  violation  of  the 
rule  will  forfeit  the  premium. 

If  any  person  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  ownership  of  stock,  or  the  pedigree 
thereof,  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  a  premium  on  said  stock. 

No  stallion,  mare,  bull,  cow,  jack  or  jennet,  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to  compete 
for  a  premium,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

No  premium  will  be  awarded  to  any  aged  animal  that  has  taken  the  first  premium  a3  such 
at  any  Fair  of  this  Society,  except  in  sweepstakes,  and  only  once  in  that  class. 

No  premium  will  be  awarded  to  any  animal  or  article,  where  there  is  no  competition,  un- 
less the  Judges  shall  deem  such  worthy  of  it. 

The  premiums,  except  for  the  products  of  the  farm  and  garden,  are  open  to  the  world. 

Premiums  will  be  paid  in  silver  plate  or  coin,  on  the  last  day  of  the  Fair. 

PRICE  OF  ADMISSION. 

Offices  will  be  open  on  the  Railroad  and  Turnpike  for  the  sale  of  tickets. 

No  money  received  at  the  gates. 

The  charges  for  admission  to  the  grounds  are  as  follows  : 

Each  person  on  foot,  $        25 

Each  person  on  horse, 35 

Double  buggy, 75 

Single  buggy, 50 

Carriages  and  barouches, 1  00 

Omnibus,  per  day,         ...,..-. 5  00 

Hack,  per  day, 3  00 

The  owner  of  each  omnibus  or  hack  will  be  required  to  pay  twenty  five  cents  for  each  pas- 
senger carried  into  the  grounds. 

Members  are  requested  to  call  upon  the  Treasurer  for  their  tickets  before  the  Fair. 

B.  J.  CLAY,  President. 

A.  M.  Brown,  Recording  Secretary. 


324 


REPORT  OF  THE 


LIST  OF  PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  BOURBON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL 

SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward,  two  entries,  George  M.  Bedford,  first  premium;  B.  J.  Clay, 
second  premium. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  two  entries,  McMillan  &  Matthews,  first  premium;  Sol  . 
Vanmeter,  second  premium. 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five  entries,  C.  T.  Garrard,  first  premium;  B.  J.  Clay, 
second  premium. 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  five  entries,  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  A.  &  J.  Allen, 
second  premium. 

Bull  Calf  under  one  year  old,  eight  entries,  William  R.  Duncan,  first  premium;.  William 
Warfield,  second  premium. 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  upward,  nine  entries,  William  Warfield,  first  premium;  B.  J.  Clay, 
second  premium. 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  six  entries,  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  A.  Allen,  second 
premium. 

Cow,  two  years  old,  four  entries,  George  M.  Bedford,  first  premium;  B.  J.  Clay,  second 
premium. 

Heifer,  one  year  old,  seven  entries,  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  G.  M.  Bedford,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Heifer  Calf,  eight  entries,  William  R.Duncan,  first  premium;  William  Warfield,  second 
premium. 

HERD. 

Four  entries,  B.  J.  Clay,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES.. 

Bull,  eleven  entries,  C.  T.  Garrard,  premium. 
Cow,  thirteen  entries,  William  Warfield,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  two  years  old,  two  entries,  George  M.  Bedford,  first  premium;  R.  McMillan,  second 
premium. 

LONG    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,  three  entries,  Isaac  Smith,  first  premium;  F.J.  Gray,  second 
premium. 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,  six  entries,  Joel  S.  Berry,  first  premium;  H.  W.  Rice,  second 
premium. 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,  seven  entries,  Joel  S.  Berry,  first  premium;  R.  McMillan,  second 
premium. 

Five  fat  Sheep  of  any  breed,  twelve  entries,  Sam.  H.   Clay,  first  and  second  premiums. 

MIDDLE    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  over  two  years  old,  one  entry,  William  C.  Lyle,  premium. 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,  one  entry,  William  C.  Lyle,  premium. 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,  two  entries,  William  M.  Kenney,  first  and  second  premiums. 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,  one  entry,  Wm.  M.  Kenney,  premium. 

FINE    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,  two  entries,  Wm.  C.  Lyle,  first  premium;  Thomas  J.  Grimes, 
second  premium. 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,  one  entry,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old,  two  entries,  William  C.  Lyle,  first  premium;  T.  J.  Grimes, 
second  premium. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  over  one  year  old,  three  entries,  A.  C.  Shropshire,  first  premium;  S.  H.  Clay,  second 
premium. 

Boar,  under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  Jesse  Kennedy,  first  premium;  A.  C.  Shropshire, 
second  premium. 

Sow,  over  one  year  old,  two  entries,  A^  H.  Weaver,  first  premium;  J.  H,  G.  Bush,  second 
premium. 

Sow,  under  one  year  old,  one  entry,  Sam.  H.  Clay,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

FAT    CATTLE    AND    OXEN. 

Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upward,  three  entries,  C.  T.  Garrard,  first  premium;  Isaac 
Shelby,  second  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  325 

Fat  Cow,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  two  entries,  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  R.  Hutch - 
craft,  second  premium. 

Steer,  three  years  old,  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Sr.,  first  premium;  C.  T. 
Garrard,  second  premium. 

Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  one  entry,  Isaac  Shelby, 
premium. 

Steer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Sr.,  first  premium;  W. 
M.  Kenney,  second  premium. 

Steer,  one  year  old,  two  entries,  A.  M.  Bedford,  first  and  second  premiums. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  for  work,  eight  entries,  W.  R.  Duncan,  first  premium;  Albert  Allen,  se- 
cond premium. 

HORSES    FOR    SADDLB. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  R.  A.  Carter,  first  premium;  J.  T.  Tal- 
bott,  second  premium, 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  five  entries,  J.  F.  Payne,  first  premium;  Hervy 
Kerr,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  four  entries,  John  Griffith,  first  premium;  Sam.  H. 
Clay,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  J.   A.  &  R.  M.  Price,  premium. 

Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Laban  Letton,  first  premium;  Henry 
Hedge,  second  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  N.  S.  Ferguson,  first  premium;  W.  R. 
Duncan,  second  premium. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  four  entries,  R.  Madison,  first  premium;  T.  W. 
Lewis,  second  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  six  entries,  Jos.  Lail,  first  premium;  Henry  Kerr, 
second  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Jos.  Lail,  first  premium;  W.  B.  Coons, 
second  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  0.  B.  Thomas,  first  premium;  W.  F.  Rose,  se- 
cond premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

HORSES  FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  J.  T.  Nichols,  first  premium;  F.  Felt- 
ner,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  five  entries,  J.  M.  Nichols,  first  premium;  T.  W. 
Lewis,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ten  entries,  F.  S.  Darnaby,  first  premium;  Isaac 
Knight,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  eleven  entries,  J.  K.  Hildreth,  first  premium;  Wid. 
Wright,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  colt,  under  one  year  old,  nine  entries,  Sol.  Redman,  first  premium;  Wm.  Turney, 
second  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  nine  entries,  C.  L.  Redman,  first  premium;  Wm.  J.  Hig- 
gins,  second  premium. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  four  entries,  J.  K.  Hildreth,  first  premium;  J.  Daw- 
son, second  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  J.  P.  Shropshire,  first  premium;  O.  H.  Bur- 
bridge,  second  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  eight  entries,  H.  S.  Parker,  first  premium;  Sol.  Redman, 
second  premium. 

Mare,  colt,  under  one  year  old,  fourteen  entries,  H.  S.  Parker,  first  premium  ;  Caleb  Wal- 
ton, second  premium. 

MULES. 

Mule,  three  years  old  and  upward,  two  entries,  H.  W.  Rice,  first  premium  ;  Fielding  Bush, 
second  premium. 

Horse  Mule,  colt,  two  entries,  Thomas  F.  Muir,  first  premium;  William  G.  Hedges,  second 
premium. 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old,  one  entry,  W.  R.  Estill,  premium. 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old,  four  entries,  Thos.  F.  Muir,  first  premium;  James  H.  Miller,  se- 
cond premium. 

Mare  Mule,  colt,  seven  entries,  Henry  Chiles,  first  premium;  J.  Dawson,  second  premium. 

Matched  Mules,  two  entries,  William  R.  Duncan,  first  premium;  Henry  Chiles,  second  pre- 
mium. 


326  REPORT  OF  THE 

POULTRY. 

Turkies,  pair,  one  entry,  Mrs.  A.  F.  Clay,  premium. 

Ducks,  Poland,  pair,  two  entries,  J.  F.  Gray,  first  premium;  Miss  Martha  Clay,  second  pre- 
mium. 
Chickens,  Shanghai,  pair,  one  entry,  H.  Hackett,  premium. 
Chickens,  Cochin  China,  pair,  one  entry,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  premium. 
Chinese  Geese,  one  entry,  J.  F.  Gray,  premium. 
Chickens,  Dorking,  pair,  one  entry,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  premium. 
Chickens,  Brahma  Pootra,  pair,  three  entries,  H.  Hackett,  premium. 
Game  Chickens,  pair,  one  entry,  Joseph  Hall,  premium. 
Poland  Chickens,  pair,  one  entry,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  premium. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

DRAFT  HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  Cleveland  &  Mosely,  first  premium; 
G.  L.  Chiles,  second  premium. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  Jacob  Hughes,  first  premium;  Henry  C 
Bowman,  second  premium. 

Pair  of  Matched  Carriage  Horses,  two  entries,  E.  J.  Smith,  first  premium  ;  Kimbrough  & 
Davis,  second  premium. 

Pair  of  Matched  Mares,  two  entries,  F.  H.  Abbott,  first  premium;  T.  A.  Hutcheraft,  second 
premium. 

THOROUGH    BRED    HORSES. 

Mare,  three  colts,  three  entries,  John  Griffith,  first  premium;  Mrs.  E.  T.  Letton,  second 
premium. 

Stallion,  thorough  bred,  three  entries,  A.  Wilson,  first  premium  ;  Joseph  Hall,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Mare,  thorough  bred,  four  entries,  T.  J.  Young,  first  premium  ;  Webb  Ross,  second  pre- 
mium. 

GELDINGS. 

Gelding,  for  saddle,  four  years  old  and  upward,  sixteen  entries,  R.  A.  Spurr,  first  premium  ; 
E.  D.  Hunt,  second  premium. 

Gelding,  for  saddle,  under  four  years  old,  fourteen  entries,  C.  C.  Rogers,  first  premium  ; 
Jonathan  Smith,  second  premium. 

Gelding,  for  harness,  four  years  old  and  upward,  five  entries,  Scott  Brown,  first  premium;  J. 
H.  Eastin,  second  premium. 

Gelding,  for  harness,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  four  entries,  J.  H.  Eastin,  first  pre- 
mium ;  James  Miller,  second  premium. 

Gelding,  for  harness,  under  three  years  old,  four  entries,  Joshua  Cromwell,  first  premium  ; 
James  Rennick,  second  premium. 

Buggy  Mare,  three  entries,  Henry  Chiles,  first  premium;  Orlando  Talbott,  second  premium. 

ASSES. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  David  Penn,  first  premium;  Geo.  A.  Bean, 
second  premium. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Daniel  Talbott,  first  premium;  0.  S.  Big- 
staff,  second  premium 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  S.  D.  Talbott,  first  premium;  Sol.  Spears, 
second  premium. 

Jack,  colt,  under  one  year  old,  eight  entries,  T.  W.  Lewis,  first  premium;  Henry  Leer,  se- 
cond premium. 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upward,  five  entries,  William  R.  Duncan,  first  premium  ;  B.  B. 
Marsh,  second  premium. 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Dudley  Tribble,  first  premium  ;  James 
McMillan,  second  premium. 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  James  Hutcheraft,  first  premium  ;  B.  B. 
Marsh,  second  premium. 

Jennet,  colt,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  E.  Vanmeter,  first  premium  ;  James  Hutch- 
eraft, second  premium. 

Jack,  of  any  age,  nine  entries,  Daniel  Talbott,  first  Jpremium  ;  ,S.  D.  Talbott,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Jennet,  of  any  age,  four  entries,  Dudley  Tribble,  first  premium  ;  Henry  Leer,  second  pre- 
mium. 

SWEEPSTALES. 

Horses,  twenty-four  entries,  J.  T.  Nichols,  first  premium  ;  Wm.  Wright,  second  premium. 
Mares,  twenty-nine  entries,  J.  K.  Hildreth,  first  premium  ;  William  J.  Higgins,  second  pre- 
mium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  327 

DOMESTICS    OF  WOOL. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home-made,  three  entries,  Geo.  L.  Redmon,  first  premium  ;  Mrs.  T. 
J.  Grimes,  second  premium. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  factory  made,  two  entries,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  first  premium  ;  J.  T . 
Wornel,  second  premium. 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  home-made,  three  entries,  F.  J.  Gray,  first  premium  ;  Ed.  Clarke, 
second  premium. 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  factory  made,  four  entries,  John  W.  Turner,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home-made,  fire  entries,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  first  premium  ;  Reu- 
ben Hutchcraft,  second  premium. 

Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home-made,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Thos.  J.  Grimes. 

Negro  Linsey,  ten  yards,  home-made,  four  entries,  Geo.  L.  Redmon,  first  premium  ;  Ed. 
Clarke,  second  premium. 

Flannel,  ten  yards,  homemade,  four  entries,  James  Hutchcraft,  first  premium  ;  Mrs.  T.  J. 
Grimes,  second  premium. 

Pair  of  Blankets,  Kentucky  made,  six  entries,  F.  J.  Gray,  first  premium  ;  James  T.  Ware, 
second  premium. 

Colored  Coverlet,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Edwards,  premium  and  certificate. 

Carpet,  ten  yards,  Kentucky  made,  one  entry,  R.  Hutchcraft,  premium. 

Hearth  Rug,  home-made,  one  entry,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Wolen  Half  Hose,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Broadhead,  first  premium;  Miss  L.  Curl,  second 
premium. 

Infant  Socks,  three  entries,  Miss  Letitia  Curl,  first  premium;  Mrs.  S.  Skinner,  second  pre- 
mium- 

OF    COTTON. 

White  Counterpane,  home  made,  six  entries,  Mrs.  James  Hutchcraft,  first  premium;  Mrs.  T. 
J.  Grimes,  second  premium. 
Cotton  Hose,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Osborne,  premium. 

OF   HEMP    AND    FLAX. 

Linen  Diaper,  one  entry,  George  Rymel,  premium. 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  home-made,  one  entry,  George  Rymel,  premium. 

Hemp  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made,  two  entries,  George  Rymel,  first  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J- 
Grimes,  second  premium. 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made,  four  entries,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Miller,  premium  and  certi- 
ficate. 

Sewing  Thread,  one  pound,  home  made,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Sena  Muir,  first  premium;  Mrs. 
Mrs.  J.  A.  Miller,  second  premium. 

NEEDLE  WORK,  <tC. 

Silk  Patch  work  Quilt,  five  entries,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Edlen,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Doom, 
second  premium. 

Worsted  Patch  work  Quilt,  seven  entries,  Miss  W.  H.  Parker,  first  premium*,  Miss  S.  A. 
Harris,  second  premium. 

Calico  Patch-work  Quilt,  eleven  entries,  H.  Shaw,  first  premium;  Miss  Sarah  Skinner,  sec- 
ond premium. 

White  Quilt,  Solid  work,  one  entry,  E.  R.  Smith,  premium. 

Calico  Comfort,  one  entry,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  premium. 

Cloth  Coat,  made  by  Tailor,  two  entries,  J.  H.  Wertz,  premium  and  certificate. 

Shirt,  unstarched,  six  entries,  Mrs.  E.  Barlow,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Edward  Donley,  second 
premium. 

Silk  Embroidery,  six  entries,  Miss  E.  Ware,  first  premium;  Miss  Martha  Clay,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Worsted  Embroidery  on  Cloth,  eight  entries,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  first  premium;  Mrs.  N.  S. 
Moore,  second  premium. 

Worsted  Embroidery  on  Canvas,  four  entries,  Mrs.  N.  S.  Moore,  first  premium;  Miss  S.  A. 
Harris,  second  premium. 

Thread  Embroidery,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Louisa  Kniffin,  first  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes, 
second  premium. 

Hemstitched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,  two  entries,  Miss  Mary  Mitchell,  premium. 

Leather  Work,  two  entries,  Mrs.  M.  J.  Batterton,  first  premium;  Miss  A.  B.  Moore,  second 
premium. 

PAINTINGS,  AC. 

Animal  Painting,  two  entries,  Miss  Nancy  L.  Bedford,  premium. 
Landscape,  in  water  colors,  two  entries,  Miss  Martha  Clay,  premium. 
Cattle  Drawing,  four  entries,  Edward  D.  Garrard,  premium. 
Fruit  Painting,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Massie,  premium. 


328  REPORT  OF  THE 

Flower  Tainting,  seven  entries,  Miss  Nancy  L.  Bedford,  premium. 
Fancy  Painting,  two  entries,  Miss  Carrie  Moore,  premium. 
Grecian  Painting,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  premium. 
Monochromatic  Painting,  six  entries,  Miss  Caroline  Moore,  premium. 
Polychromatic  Painting,  four  entries,  Miss  Nancy  L.  Bedford,  premium. 
Indian  Ink  Drawing,  three  entries,  Miss  Margaret  T.  Bedford,  premium. 
Pencil  Drawing,  thirteen  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  W.  Massie,  premium. 

DISCRETIONARY    PREMIUMS. 

Black  Crayon  Drawing,  Miss  Carrie  Moore,  premium. 
Pastelle  Painting,  Miss  Athelia  B.  Moore,  premium. 
Ornamental  Painting,  Miss  A.  B.  Moore,  premium. 

CARRIAGES,    <feC. 

Family  Carriage,  two  horse,  four  entries,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  first  premium;  Galpin  &  Simp- 
son, second  premium. 

Single  Buggy,  two  entries,  J.  Cunningham,  first  premium;  Galpin  &  Simpson,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Wagon,  two-horse,  one  entry,  R.F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Reaping  Machine,  three  entries,  Warder,  Brokaw  &  Child,  premium. 

Mowing  Machine,  two  entries,  Baldwin,  Dewitt  &  Co.,  premium. 

Threshing  Machine,  one  entry,  A.  Garr  &  Co  ,  premium. 

Plow,  two  horse,  for  sod,  two  entries,  J.  C.  Miller  &  Co.,  premium. 

Plow,  two-horse,  for  stubble,  three  entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium. 

Subsoil  Plow,  one  entry,  Henry  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

Cultivator,  two  entries,  T.  E.  C.  Brinley,  premium.  i 

Plow,  one  horse,  one  entry,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

Corn  Sheller,  one  entry,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  premium. 

Straw  Cutter,  four  entries,  J.  F.  Keizer,  premium. 

Mowing  Cradle,  one  entry,  Geo.  Rymel,  premium. 

Wheat  Drill,  one  entry,  Warder,  Brokaw  &  Child,  premium. 

Portable  Cider  Press,  one  entry,  H.  Peas,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  five  pounds,  eight  entries,  Jeff.  Redman,  first  premium;  Mrs.  W.  R.  Duncan,  second 
premium. 

Honey,  five  pounds,  two  entries,  Mrs.  N.  Baldwin,  first  premium;  Jas.  Hutchcraft,  second 
premium. 

Maple  Sugar,  five  pounds,  one  entry,  T.  J.  Grimes,  premium. 

Preserves,  three  kinds,  five  entries,  Mrs.  A.  V.  Bedford,  first  premium;  0.  H.  Burbridge, 
second  premium. 

Pickles,  three  kinds,  five  entries,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Bedford,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Thos.  Kennedy, 
second  premium. 

Jellies,  three  kinds,  two  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Nannie  Baldwin, 
Becond  premium. 

Ham,  four  entries,  Mrs.  A.  F.  Clay,  first  premium;  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  second  premium. 

Dried  Beef,  one  entry,  C.  T.  Garrard,  premium. 

Loaf  of  wheat  bread,  three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Hickman,  first  premium;  Mrs.  A.  M.  Brown, 
second  premium. 

Lard,  five  pounds,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  W.  Pryor,  second 
premium. 

Candles,  ten  pounds,  home  made,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Jas. 
Hutchcraft,  second  premium. 

Soap,  five  pounds,  home  made,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  John  Clay,  premium  and  certificate. 

Starch,  five  pounds,  home  made,  six  entries,  Mrs.  Thos.  Kennedy,  first  premium;  Mrs.  W. 
C.  Lyle,  second  premium. 

Flour,  fifty  pounds,  two  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.Clay,  first  premium;  Jno.  Cunningham,  Jr., 
second  premium. 

GRAINS,    <fcC. 

Wheat,  half  bushel,  fourteen  entries,  David  Penn,  first  premium;  Sam.  H.  Clay,  second 
premium. 

Oats,  four  entries,  0.  H.  Burbridge,  first  premium;  F.  J.  Gray,  second  premium. 

Rye,  half  bushel,  four  entries,  0.  H.  Burbridge,  first  premium;  F.  J.  Gray,  second  premium. 

Fifty  ears  of  corn  for  bread,  six  entries,  M.  M.  Gass,  first  premium;  T.  J.  Grimes,  second 
premium. 

Fifty  ears  of  corn  for  stock,  three  entries,  E.M.  Kennedy,  first  premium;  B.  J.  Clay,  second 
premium. 

Clover  Seed,  one  peck,  one  entry,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  329 

Hemp  Seed,  one  peck,  one  entry,  F.  B.  Taylor,  premium. 

Timothy  Seed,  one  peck,  four  entries,  F.  J.  Gray,  first   premium  ;  0.  H.  Burbridge,  second 
premium. 
Blue  Grass  Seed,  one  peck,  one  entry,  O.  H.  Burbridge,  premium. 
Largest  Pumpkin,  six  entries,  J.J.  Adair,  premium. 

GARDEN. 

Irish  Potatoes,  half  bushel,  ten  entries,  Col.  Jas.  T.  Ware,  first  premium;  B.C.Bedford, 
second  premium. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  half  bushel,  four  entries,  Nick  Talbott,  first  premium;  Sampson  Talbott, 
second  premium. 

Cabbage,  six  heads,  eleven  entries,  H.  Hackett,  first  premium;  A.  V.  Bedford,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Tomatoes,  twelve  entries,  Mrs.  B.  C.  Bedford,  first  premium;  Mrs.  D.  Isgrigg,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Celery,  six  bunches,  four  entries,  0.  H.  Burbridge,  first  premium;  R.  T.  Davis,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Turnips,  for  table,  one  peck,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Joseph  Hall,  first  premium;  Mrs-  J.  H. 
Mitchell,  second  premium. 

Parsnips,  one  peck,  six  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay,  first  premium;  Mrs.  VVm.  K.  Griffith,  second 
premium. 

Salsify,  one  peck,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Jas.  H.  Mitchell,  first  premium;  Jas.  Hutchcraft,  second 
premium. 

Onions,  one  peck,  ten  entries,  Granville  Smith,  premium. 

Carrots,  one  peck,  thirteen  entries,  Mrs.  B.  J.  Clay, first  premium;  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  second 
premium. 

Beets,  for  table,  one  peck,  twenty  entries,  H.  Hackett,  first  premium;  A.  M.  Brown,  second 
premium. 

Beets,  for  stock,  half  bushel,  four  entries,  B.  C.  Bedford,  first  premium;  VV.  R.  Duncan,  sec- 
ond premium. 

Lima  Beans,  half  peck,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  R.  Talbott,  first  premium;  Mrs.  B.  J.  Claay,  sec- 
ond premium. 

Bunch  Beans,  half  peck,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  A.  V.  Bedford,  first  premium;  B.  C.  Bedford, 
second  premium. 

Pepper,  half  peck,  ten  entries,  Mrs.  Win.  Prvor,  first  premium;  O.  H.  Burbridge,  second 
premium. 

Watermelons,  two  entries,  C.  T.  Garrard,  first  premium;  Miss  Mary  Kleiser,  second  pre 
mium. 

Squashes,  half  dozen,  nine  entries,  Rich.  Hutchcraft,  first  premium;  Mrs.  John  Clay,  second 
premium. 

ORCHARD. 

Display  of  Fall  Apples,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  premium. 

Display  of  Winter  Apples,  two  entries,  W.  R.  Logan,  premium. 

Display  of  Cling  Peaches,  five  entries,  C.  T.  Garrard,  premium. 

Display  of  Free  Peaches,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Thos.  Kennedy,  premium. 

Plums,  one  entry,  Miss  Mary  Clay,  premium. 

Quinces,  one  dozen,  five  entries,  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle,  premium. 

Display  of  Fall  Pears,  two  entries,  A.  V.  Bedford,  first  premium;  Granville  Smith,  second 
premium. 

Grapes,  Catawba,  basket,  two  entries,  A.  M.  Brown,  first  premium;  W.  C.  Lyle,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Grapes,  Isabella,  basket,  two  entries,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Brown,  first  premium;  Mrs.  W.  C.  Lyle, 
second  premium. 

FLOWERS. 

Green  House  Flowers,  one  entry,  W.  A.  Bacon,  premium. 

Phlox,  greatest  variety,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Jos.  Hutchcraft,  first  premium;  Miss  Martha  Clay, 
second  premium. 

Verbenas,  greatest  variety,  two  entries,  W.  A.  Bacon,  first  premium;  Miss  Martha  Clay, 
second  premium. 

Cut  Flowers,  greatest  variety,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Jas.  Hutchcraft,  first  premium;  Mrs.  W.  A. 
Bacon,  second  premium. 

Hand  Boquet  of  Hardy  Flowers,  two  entries,  Miss  Cordelia  Bedford,  premium. 

Boquet  Greenhouse  Flowers,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Jas.  S.  Matson,  premium. 

Floral  Design  of  Living  Flowers,  one  entry,  Mrs.  W.  A.  Bacon,  premium. 


330  REPORT  OF  THE 

CAMPBELL  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Alexandria,  Ky.,  Dec.  22,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Corresponding  Seer etary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society  : 

Dear  Sir: — Yours  of  the  1 6th  inst.  was  received  after  some  delay,  caused  by  being 
missent.  I  will  attempt  to  give  you  such  information  of  our  Seciety  as  you  desire,  and  in 
doing  so  will  answer  the  interrogatories  as  nearly  as  possible. 

The  Agricultural  Society  of  Campbell  County  was  organized,  and  a  constitution  for  the 
government  of  the  same,  was  adopted  on  the  7th  June,  1856.  The  Society  then  purchased 
ten  acres  of  land  lying  east  and  adjacent  to  the  town  of  Alexandria,  and  within  half  a  mile  of 
the  Newport  and  Alexandria  Turnpike  Road,  for  the  sum  of  five  hundred  dollars,  which  is 
inclosed  with  a  good  fence.  On  their  grounds  the  Society  has  erected  an  amphitheatre,  in- 
closing a  show  ring  about  130  feet  in  diameter,  with  seating  around  the  same  sufficient,  under 
the  roof,  to  seat  six  to  seven  thousand  persons. 

The  Society  has  held  two  Fairs — the  first  in  October,  1856,  the  second  in  September,  1857- 
The  second  Fair  was  well  patronised,  so  much  so  as  to  be  profitable  to  the  Society.  The  ef- 
fect of  the  two  Fairs  has  been  to  create  a  deep  and  manifest  interest  in  the  welfare  and  pros- 
perity of  our  Society,  and  we  are  going  on  under  very  favorable  auspices,  to  the  full  com- 
pletion of  our  grounds  and   buildings,  which  have  already  cost  us  about  16,000. 

The  officers  of  the  Society  I  will  give  you,  with  their  post-office  address: 

Officers. — Benj.  Smith,  Cold  Spring,  President;  Alex.  Caldwell,  Vice-President,  Alexandria; 
Samuel  Smith,  Treasurer,  Alexandria;  Benj.  Beall,  Secretary,  Alexandria;  Dr.  Parker,  New- 
port; Col.  T.  L.  Jones,  Newport;  Samuel  Mcintosh,  Cold  Spring;  Saml.  Wright,  Alexandria; 
B.  F.  Reiley,  Alexandria;  Fred.  Brown,  Alexandria;  Henry  Blatner,  Alexandria;  Foster  Byrd. 
Alexandria;  Edward  Morin,  Flagg  Spring,-  David  Pollock,  Flagg  Spring,  Directors. 

Imperfectly  as  I  have  given  the  history  of  our  Society,  and  hoping  it  may  answer  the  pur- 
pose, by  changing  the  form  to  suit  you, 

I  remain  your  obedient  servant, 

BEN.  BEALL, 
Secretary  C.  C.  Ag.  Soc'y. 

P.  S.  We  paid  out  for  premiums  awarded  $ 


PREMIUM  LIST  OF  CAMPBELL  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Best  10  yards  fine  Jeans, $  3  00 

Best  10  yards  white  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  10  yards  colored  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  10  yards  striped  or  plaid  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  10  vards  white  Flannel, 2  00 

Best  pair  Hose, 1  00 

Best  pair  Blankets, 3  00 

Best  Bed  Spread  or  Coverlet, 3  00 

Best  10  yards  home  made  Carpet, 3  00 

Best  pair  woolen  Mitts, 1  00 

Best  pair  woolen  Gloves,             1  00 

Best  half  dozen  cuts  spun  Wool  Yarn, 1  00 

Best  specimen  Worsted  Embroidery, 3  00 

Best  specimen  Cotton  or  Linen  Embroidery, 3  00 

Best  Linen  Shirt  made  by  lady, 3  00 

Best  Linen  Shirt,  made  by  girl  12  years  and  under, 3  00 

Best  Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  girl  12  years  and  under, 2  00 

Best  Linen  Chemise, 3  00 

Best  Cotton  Chemise,  ------------2  00 

Best  Child's  Worsted  Dress, -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Best  Muslin  Worsted  Dress, -100 

Best  Jeans  Coat,  by  lady, -3  00 

Best  Vest,  by  lady, -2  00 

Best  pair  Pants,          -•-'-.-                  -  1  00 

Best  Cot  Crotchet  Tidy, -  1  00 

Best  Worsted  Lamp  Mat, -  1  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  331 

Best  specimen  Silk  Embroidery, 3  00 

Best  Silk  patchwork  Quilt, 4  00 

Best  Cotton  patchwork  Quilt, 2  00 

Best  Worsted  patchwork  Quilt, 3  00 

Judges. — Mrs.  Frank  Spilman,  Mrs.  R.  H.  Hayman,  Mrs.  T.  W.  Kennedy,  Peter  Kronz,  G. 
W.  Reiley,  Campbell  county,  Jno,  W.  Johnson,  Kenton  county. 

WOODEN    WARE. 

Best  tight  Barrel, 1  00 

Best  slack  Barrel, 50 

Best  Lard  Keg, 50 

Best  Churn, 1  00 

Best  Bedstead, 3  00 

Best  Wardrobe, 3  09 

Best  y,  dozen  Split  Chairs, 3  00 

Best  Refrigerator, 3  00 

Best  Meat  Safe, 2  00 

Best  Lady's  work  table, 2  00 

Best  Washing  Machine,     -         - 2  00 

Best  Wooden  Tray, 1  00 

Best  }{2  dozen  Axe  helves, 1  00 

Judges. — Frederick  Brown,  P.  H.  Wilson,  James  McCron,  W.  G.  Gosney,  Campbell  coun- 
ty, Robt.  McQuiston,  Kenton  county. 

HATS,    CAPS,     AND    FURS. 

Best  Silk  Hat, 2  00 

Best  Fur  Hat, 2  00 

Best  Straw  Hat, 1  00 

Best  Cloth  Cap, 1  00 

Best  Fur  Cap, 1  00 

Judges. — Samuel  Smith,  Campbell  county,  James  Davidson,  Wm.  Brown,  Kenton  county. 

HARNESS,    BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

Best  set  double  Carriage  Harness,      -         - 5  00 

Best  set  Wagon  Harness,            ...                  5  00 

Best  set  single  Buggy  Harness, 3  00 

Best  Gents'  Saddle  and  Bridle, 3  00 

Best  pair  Boots, 2  00 

Best  pair  coarse  Shoes, 1  00 

Best  pair  Ladies'  Shoes,     -         - 2  00 

Best  pair  Childrens'  Shoes, 1  00 

Best  Leather  Trunk, 2  00 

Best  pair  Shoes  made  by  a  Lady, 2  00 

Judges. — Ben.  Morris,  New  Richmond,  Ohio  ;  C.  G.  Mertens,  Henry   Huser,  A.  W.  John- 
son, Campbell  county. 

SILVER,  COPPER    AND   TIN    WARE. 

Best  display  Silver  Ware, 5  00 

Best  display  Copper  Ware,          .......         ....  3  00 

Best  display  Tin  Ware, 3  00 

Judges. — W.  R.  Evans,  Covington;  James  Hainesworth,  Campbell  county;   Henry  P.  Elias, 
Cincinnati. 

GUN9. 

Best  Rifle  Gun,  for  general  use, -----  3  00 

Best  Shot  Gun,  for  general  use,          ..........  3  00 

Judges. — B.  W.  Foley,  Kenton  county  ;    Joseph  Shaw,  A.  J.  Galbreath,  Campbell  county 

FRUITS. 

Best  display  of  Apples, 3  00 

Best  display  of  Pears,         -                                    3  00 

Best  display  of  Peaches,     --------         ....  3  00 

Best  display  of  Plums, 2  00 

Best  display  of  Quinces,     -         - 1  00 

Best  display  of  Grapes, 2  00 

Second  best  variety  of  Apples, 2  00 

Second  best  variety  of  Peaches, 2  00 

Best  six  bottles  of  Native  Wine,  three  years  old, 5  00 

Best  six  bottles  of  Native  Wine,  two  years  old,          .......  5  00 

Best  six  bottles  of  Native  Wine,  one  year  old, 5  00 

Best  six  bottles  of  Cider, 1  00 

Judges. — Athelstan  Owens,  Mason  county  ;  Reuben  McDonald,  Kenton  county  ;   Dr.  N.  B. 

Shaler,  Campbell  county  ;  Daniel  Fisher,  Bracken  county  ;  James   Dinsmore,  Boone  county. 


332  REPORT  OF  THE 

PANTRY. 

Best  Ham,  cooked  and  mode  of  curing, 2  00 

Best  barrel  of  Flour, 3  00 

Best  bushel  of  Meal, 1  00 

Best  five  pounds  of  Maple  Sugar, 1  00 

Best  bottle  Maple  Molasses,                -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Best  display  of  Cake, 3  00 

Best  Cake, 1  00 

Best  display  Preserves,       ------------  3  00 

Best  display  Jellies, 2  00 

Best  display  Pickles, 2  00 

Best  can  of  Tomatoes,  one  year  old,  with  mode  of  preparation,         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Best  can  of  Peaches,  one  year  old,  with  mode  of  preparation, 1  00 

Best  ten  pounds  of  Lard,            -.......--.  I  00 

Best  loaf  of  Wheat  Bread,        -                                                     .....  1  00 

Judges. — Mrs.  Ben.  Smith,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Thomas,  James  A.  Shaw,  John  H.  Barlow. 
Jame3  Ewan,  Campbell  county  ;  Mrs.  Wm.  Shaw,  Clermont  county,  Ohio. 

VEGETABLES. 

Best  six  heads  of  Cabbage, 1  00 

Best  variety  of  Vegetables, 5  00 

Best  peck  of  Onions, 1  00 

Best  peck  of  Parsnips, 1  00 

Best  peck  of  Beets,            1  00 

Best  bushel  of  Turnips,               -         - 1  00 

Best  bushel  of  Irish  Potatoes,              2  00 

Best  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes, ■ 2  00 

Best  peck  of  Tomatoes, 1  00 

Best  bunch  of  Celery, 1  00 

Best  Pumpkins, 1  00 

Best  Squashes, 1  00 

Judges — Walker  Wilson,  Kenton  county;  Wm.  Williams,  Boone  county;  S.  Mclatosh, 
Campbell  county;  E.  J.  Hooper,  Campbell  county;  Nicholas  Taliaferro,  Mason  county. 

DAIRY. 

Best  roll  of  Butter, 2  00 

Best  Cheese, 2  00 

Best  ten  pounds  Honey, 1  00 

Best  gallon  Apple  Butter, 1  00 

Judges — Miss  Lydia Pearce,  Mrs.  Samuel  Wright,  Mrs.  Edward  Moran,  A.  D.  Daniel,  Tbos. 
Spink,  Campbell  county. 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  of  Turkeys, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Ducks,    -         -         -         • 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Geese, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Chickens, 2  00 

Best  display  of  Fowls  for  domestic  use, 2  00 

Judges — Samuel  Carter,  Chas.  Strieker,  Campbell   county;  Dr.  A.  H.  John,  Kenton  county. 

SECOND  DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  over,    -------  li  00 

Best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ---------  8  00 

Best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ---------  8  00 

Best  Calf,  under  one  and  a  half  years  old,           --------  5  00 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  over,    ----------  8  00 

Best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,   ---------  5  00 

Best  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,    ---------  5  00 

Best  Heifer  Calf,  one  and  a  half  years  old, 5  00 

Best  Milch  Cow,         -                           8  00 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  years  old  and  over, 9  00 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  years  old  and  under, 5  00 

Judges — Chas.  Humphreys,  Mason  county;  David  Wilson,  Cincinati;  John  Caldwell,  Pendle- 
ton county;  William  Tucker,  Grant  county;  Samuel  Roberts,  Kenton  county;  Joseph  Morledge, 
Campbell  county. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull  any  age,      -        -        - 10  00 

Best  Cow  any  age, 10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  333 

Judges — Charles  Humphreys,  Mason  county;  David  Wilson,  Cincinnati;  John  Caldwell,  Pen- 
dleton county;  William  Tucker,  Grant  county;  Samuel  Roberts,  Kenton  county;  Joseph  Mor- 
ledge,  Campbell  county. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Bullock, 5  00 

Best  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,    -         -         -         - 5  00 

Best  Calf  six  months  old, 3  00 

Judges — T.  Moorehouse,  Campbell  county;  Joseph   Farrar,  Campbell  county;  Reuben  Bris- 

tow,  Kenton  county;  Leonard  Stephens,  Kenton  county;  John  Shaw,  Clermont  county,  Ohio. 

SHEEP. 

Best  aged  Buck  for  wool  or  mutton,  -         - 5  00 

Best  Ewe  for  wool  or  mutton, 5   00 

Best  pair  Lambs  for  wool  or  mutton, 3  00 

Best  four  fat  Sheep, 5  00 

Judges — Benjamin  Kirk,  Mason  county;  Alexander  Caldwell,  Campbell  county;  Frank 
Riggs,  Kenton  county;  Edward  Morin,  Campbell  county;  S.  Hudson,  Boone  county. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar, 5  00 

Best, Sow, 5  00 

Best  pair  Pigs, 3  00 

Best  three  fat  Hogs, 5  00 

Best  Brood  Sow,  with  litter  of  pigs,             5  00 

Judges — Charles  Murnan,  Henry  Blattner,  John  Wheeler,  Campbell  county;  William  S. 
Harrod,  Bracken  county;  David  Wilson,  Cincinnati. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ---------  7  00 

Best  Jack,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  over, -  10  00 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,        ........  8  00 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 7  00 

Best  Jennet,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

MULES. 

Best  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,             -                          6  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,             .......  4  00 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,              -         - 4  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,         -         -        -      "  -       .--..'-  3  00 

Best  Pair  Match  Mules, 5  00 

Judges — Eldred  M.  Groves,  M^son  county;  Coleman  Shaw,  Campbell  county;  O.  P.  Ho- 
gan,  Grant  county;  Jack  Graves,  Boone  county;  Joab  Scales,  Kenton  county. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED   HORSES. 

Best  Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over,         - 10  00 

Best  Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         -         -         -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Blooded  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,             -         -         -         -         -         -  6  00 

Best  Blooded  Mare,  three  years  old  and  over -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Blooded  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -------  8  00 

Best  Blooded  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Best  Blooded  Colt,  under  year  old,              5  00 

Judges — George  Grain,  Cincinnati;  A.  Robbins,  Pendleton^  Robert  Kyle,  Mt.  Carmel,  O.; 
Wm.  Blackerby,  Bracken  county;  A.  H.  Pollock,  Germantown,  Ky. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,              •         ......  10  00 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  uuder  four, 8  00 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 7  00 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       - 6  00 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,            --.....-  5  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  four  years  old,       ----------  10  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, -  8  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 7  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  under  one  year  old, -  5  00 

Best  Saddle  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 


334  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Saddle  Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Best  Saddle  Gelding,  two  years  old  add  under  three, 7  00 

Judges — A.  H.  Pollock,  Germantown,  Ky.;  A.  Robbins,  Pendleton  County;  George  Crain, 
Cincinnati,  0;  Robert  Kyle,  Mt.  Carmel,  O.;  Wm.  Blackeiby,  Bracken  county. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best  Harness  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Harness  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         ------  8  00 

Best  Harness  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 7  00 

Best  Harness  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Harness  Mare,  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Harness  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Best  Harness  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,             -         -         -         -         -         -  7  00 

Best  Harness  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  .00 

Best  Harness  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  over, -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Gelding  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Best  Gelding  two  years  and  under  three, 7  00 

Best  Gelding  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Best  Gelding  under  one  year, 5  00 

Best  Pair  Match  Harness  Horses, 10  00 

Best  Pair  Match  Harness  Mares, 10  00 

Judges — Chas.  W.  Todd,  Campbell  county;  Thos.  Dalton,  Mason  county;  James  T.  Berry, 
Campbell  county;  Jacob  Metts,  Kenton;  W.  G.  Willis,  Boone  county. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Stallion  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Best  Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three,                7  00 

Best  Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Best  Stallion  under  one  year  old,         -- 5  00 

Best  Mare  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Mare  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Best  Mare  two  years  and  under  three, 7  00 

Best  Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ---------6  00 

Best  Mare  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Judges — W m.  J.  Morin,  Campbell  county;  P.  Melindy,  Ohio;  Anthony  Kilgore,  Ma3on  coun- 
ty; Jas.  T.  Eubank,  Kenton  county;  Dennis  Neued,  Boone  county. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion  for  all  uses, 10  00 

Best  Mare  for  all  uses, 10  00 

Best  Gelding  for  all  uses, 10  00 

Best  Pacing  Horse  or  Mare, 10  00 

Best  Trotting  Horse  or  Mare, -----  10  00 

Judges — Wm.  J.  Morin,  Campbell  county;  P.  Melindy,  Anthony  Ohio;  Kilgore,  Mason  county; 
Jas.  S.  Eubank,  Kenton  county;  Dennis  Neued,  Boone  county. 

HORSEMANSHIP. 

Best  display  by  boy  fourteen  years  old  and  under, 10  00 

Best  display  by  gentleman  over  fourteen  years, 10  00 

Best  display  by  girl  fourteen  years  and  under,     -         - 10  00 

Best  display  by  lady  over  fourteen  years, 10  00 

Judges — Col.  John  W.  Finnell,  Kenton   county;   P.  J.  Donham,  New  Richmond,  O  ;  Hugh 
Patterson,  Cincinnati,  H.  Kendall,  Grant  county;  Col.  Thomas  L.  Jones,  Campbell  county. 

FIFTH  DAY. 

CARRIAGES,    WAGONS,  AC. 

Best  four  seated  Rockaway, 5  00 

Best  Top  Buggy,         -         - 5  00 

Best  Open  Buggy, 5  00 

Best  Spring  Wagon, 5  00 

Judges— John  H.  Nelson;  Peter  Yocum.  Campbell  county;  Samuel  K.  Hayes, Kenton  county. 

AGRICULTURAL   IMPLEMENTS. 

Best  Threshing  Machine  and  Power, 5  00 

Best  Mowing  Machine  and  Power, 5  00 

Best  Reaping  Machine  and  Power, 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  335 

Best  Wheat  Fan  and  Power, 3  00 

Best  Corn  Crusher  and  Power, 3  00 

Best  Cutting  Box, 2  00 

Best  two  horse  Wagon, 5  00 

Best  Wheelbarrow, 1  00 

Best  Roller  or  clod  crusher, 2  00 

Best  Hay  Rake  and  Power, 2  00 

Best  Hoe  for  farming  purposes, 1  00 

Best  Ox  Yoke,            ....                 1  00 

Best  Pump, 2  00 

Best  two-horse  Sod  Plow, 3  00 

Rest  two  horse  Stubble  Plow, 3  00 

Best  Harrow,              3  00 

Best  Cultivator, 2  00 

Best  Plow, 2  00 

Best  Grain  Cradle, 2  00 

J  Judges — A.Caldwell,  Campbell  county;  Fielding  Dickey,  Boone  county;  Thos.  Bird,  Kenton 
county. 

AGRICULTURAL    PRODUCTS. 

Best  acre  Corn, 5  00 

Best  acre  Wheat,       -                           5  00 

Best  acre  Oats, 3  00 

Best  acre  Timothy, 5  00 

Best  acre  Clover, 3  00 

Best  acre  Barley, -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  half  acre  Irish  Potatoes,      -                           5  00 

Best  bushel  Oats, 1  00 

Best  bnshel  Wheat, 2  00 

Best  acre  Corn  for  bread,  -         -                  ..........  5  00 

Best  acre  Corn  for  stock, 5  00 

Best  two  bales  Hay, 3  00 

Best  acre  Spring  Wheat, 5  00 

Best  bushel  Barley, 1  00 

Best  bushel  Rye, 1  00 

Judges— Allen  Graves,  Boone  county;  William  Reiley,  Campbell  county;  George  White, 
Kenton  county. 

PLOWING    MATCH. 

Best  performance  Plowing  by  persons  16  years  and  under, 6  00 

Best  performance  Plowing  by  persons  16  years  and  over,  6  00 

Judges— Samuel  Wright,  John  Kenney,  Campbell  county;  W.  G.  Ellis,  Kenton  county. 

REGULATIONS  OF  CAMPBELL  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETYr. 

1st.  No  persons  shall  be  allowed  to  go  into  the  ring  where  the  Stock  and  other  articles  are 
placed  for  exhibition,  except  the  Judges,  President,  Vice  President,  Ringmaster,  Directors, 
Marshals,  and  Secretary. 

2d.  No  person  shall  be  permitted  to  exhibit  any  stock  for  premium  of  which  he  is  not  the 
owner  or  breeder,  nor  any  other  article,  unless  he  be  the  manufacturer,  inventor,  or  importer 
thereof;  and  if  any  person  shall  violate  this  rule  he  shall  not  receive  a  premium;  and  if  any 
person  in  violation  of  this  rule  receives  a  premium,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Treasurer,  aa 
soon  as  the  fact  is  ascertained,  to  institute  suit  for  the  recovery  of  the  same  or  its  value. 

3d.  If  any  person  shall,  by  any  act  whatever,  willfully  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  owner- 
ship of  stock  on  exhibition,  or  the  pedigree  thereof,  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  a  premium  on 
such  stock. 

4th.  All  Stock  or  other  Articles  intended  for  exhibition,  must  be  entered  with  the  Secretary, 
previous  to  the  morning  of  the  day,  or  on  the  morning  and  before  10  o'clock  of  the  day  on 
which  they  are  to  be  exhibited  respectively;  but  no  entry  can  be  made  until  the  rules  in  regard 
to  payment  have  been  complied  with. 

5th.  Entries  of  growing  Crops  must  be  made  as  follows: — Wheat,  Barley,  Rye,  and  Oats,  in 
July;  Hemp  on  or  before  the  1st  day  of  September,  and  Corn  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  the 
Fair. 

6th.  Persons  entering  Wheat,  Barley,  Rye,  Oats,  or  Corn  for  exhibition,  are  required  to 
have  the  ground  surveyed  and  the  Produce  accurately  measured  by  two  disinterested  persons, 


336  REPORT  OF  THE 

and  their  certificates  handed  to  the  Secretary,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  December;  the 
Corn  must  not  be  measured  before  the  first  day  of  November. 

7th.  No  premium  shall  be  awarded  to  any  object  when  there  is  no  competition,  unless  the 
Judges  deem  such  object  worthy  of  premium. 

8th.  No  Milch  Cow,  Bull,  Jack,  Jennet,  Brood  Mare,  or  Stallion  four  years  old  or  upwards, 
shall  compete  for  a  premium  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

9th.  All  Manufactured  Articles  must  be  exhibited  by  the  mauufacturer  or  its  authorized 
agent. 

10th.     All  Agricultural  Productions,  Fruit3,  Vegetables,  &c,  by  the  producer. 

11th.  The  Judges  will  please  report  themselves  to  the  Secretary  on  arrival  to  the  Fair 
Grounds  by  10  o'clock,  A.  M. 

12th.  Exhibitors  of  Blood  Horses  will  be  required  to  deposit  with  the  Secretary  an  authen- 
tic pedigree  of  each  animal  during  the  first  day  of  the  fair. 

13th.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  enter  but  one  class  after  taking  the  premium,  except 
;n  the  herd  and  sweepstakes. 

LIST    OF    PREMIUMS  AWARDED    AT   CAMPBELL    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL 

SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

DOMESTIC    ARTICLES. 

Specimen  Wool  Embroidery,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Parker,  premium. 
Cotton  Patch  Quilt,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Parker,  premium. 
Muslin  Embroidered  Dress.  Mrs.  J.  H.  Parker,  premium. 
Cotton  Tidy,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Parker,  premium. 
Pair  Bed  Blankets,  Robert  Kyle,  premium. 

Pair  Pants,  C.  F.  Pfender,  (boy  under  fourteen  years,)  premium.. 
Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  Robert  Shaw,  premium. 
Wool  Coverlet,  E.  F.  Stevens,  premium. 
Linen  Chemise,  Mary  A.  Yeager,  premium. 
Specimen  Silk  Embroidery,  Mrs.  Lafayette  Shaw,  premium.. 
Linsey,  ten  yards,  Philip  Yelton,  premium. 
Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  Spangenburg,  premium. 
Linen  Shirt,  Miss  Fannie  Coleman,  premium. 
Spun  Yarn,  half  dozen,  Mrs.  Robert  Dodsworth,  premium. 
Half  Hose,  one  pair,  Mrs.  Robert  Dodsworth  premium. 
Bed  Spread,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Lawson,  premium. 
Plaid  Linsey,  ten  yard3,  Mrs.  Edward  Shaw,  premium- 
Cotton  Embroidery,  Miss  Eva  Perry,  premium. 
Cotton  Chemise,  Mrs.  Searing,  premium. 
Jeans,  ten  yards,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Jeans  Coat,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Jeans  Vest,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Jeans  Pants,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Wool  Mitts,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Linen  Shirt,  by  girl  twelve  years  old,  F.  B.  Rust,  premium. 
Linen  Chemise,  by  girl  twelve  years  old,  F.  B.  Rust,  premium. 
Plaid  Fannel,  Mrs.  Sarah  Wright,  premium. 

WOODEN    WARE. 

Chairs,  half  dozen,  Henry  Havens,  premium. 
Axe  Handles,  half  dozen,  D.  B.  Jones,  premium. 

HARNESS,    AC- 

Double  Carriage,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Double  Wagon,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium.. 
Single  Buggy,  J.  H.  Perkins,  Premium. 
Gents'  Saddle  and  Bridle,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Pair  Shoes,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Havena,  premium. 

SILVER   WARE. 

Display,  G.  W.  McDonnald,  premium. 

GUNS. 

Double  Shot  Gun,  A.  D.  Furnish,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  337 


FRUITS    AND    WINES. 

Plums,  eight  entries,  John  Dye,  premium. 

Grapes,  eleven  entries,  David  Uhl,  premium. 

Display  of  Apples,  twelve  entries,  James  Shaw,  premium. 

Wine,  three  years  old,  fifteen  entries,  John  Bavvmgartner,  premium. 

Wine,  one  year  old,  John  Bawmgartner,  premium. 

Cider,  six  bottles,  twenty  entries,  David  Truesdell,  premium. 

Dish  of  Peaches,  twenty-two  entries,  B.  F.  Hills,  premium. 

Dish  of  Quinces,  thirty  one  entries,  J.  J.  Wright,  premium. 

Dish  of  Pears,  thirty  three  entries,  C.  Merman,  premium. 

PANTRY. 

Jar  of  Pickles,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  John  Piper,  premium 
Cake,  sixteen  entries,  Mrs.  Jabez  McDonnald,  premium. 
Displyy  Jellies,  twenty  entries,  Mrs.  Martha  Brown,  premium. 
Maple  Molasses,  thirty-three  entries,  Mrs.  Oliver  Stanley,  premium. 
Peach  Jelly,  thirty  four  entries,  Mrs.  Wiley  Bates,  premium. 
Apple  Butter,  thirty  six  entries,  Rev.  James.  Spillman,  premium. 
Preserves,  thirty  seven  entries,  Mrs.  E.  P.  Dameron,  premium. 
Can  of  Peaches,  thirty  eight  entries,  B.  F.  Hills,  premium. 
Honey,  thirty-nine  entries,  W.  R.  Clark,  premium. 
Bread,  forty-two  entries,  Bart  Gosney,  premium. 
Lard,  forty  four  entries,  Mrs.  Sarah  Wright,  premium. 

VEGETABLES. 

Pumpkins,  three  entries,  James  Tomason,  premium. 
Beets,  five  entries,  John  Dye,  premium. 
Onions,  eighteen  entries,  L.  C.  Yeager,  premium. 
Parsnips,  nineteen  entries,  L.  C.  Yeager,  premium. 
Sweet  Potatoes,  twenty  five  entries,  Wm.  Ware,  premium. 
Squashes,  tweuty  six  entries,  C.  Sprague,  premium. 
Irish  Potatoes,  thirty  one  entries,  J.  F.  Dantill,  premium. 
Tomatoes,  thirty  four  entries,  Peter  Yocum,  premium. 

DAIRY. 

Roll  Butter,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Alford,  premium. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  of  Chickens,  six  entries,  Ben.  Beall,  premium. 
Display  of  Chickens,  nine  entries,  Edward  Shaw,  premium. 
Pair  of  Ducks,  fourteen  entries,  L.  M.  Eckert,  premium. 

CATTLE. 

Calf,  under  one  and  a  half  years  old,  ten  entries,  Edward  Morin,  premium. 

Pair  Age  Steers,  seventeen  entries,  Joab  Scales,  premium. 

Bull,  two  and  under  three  years,  nineteen  entries,  Thos.  Stevens,  premium. 

Heifer,  two  and  under  three  years,  twenty  one  entries,  T.  A.  Wilson,  premium. 

Bull,  under  one  year,  twenty-two  entries,  James  Shaw,  premium. 

Aged  Cow,  twenty-seven  entries,  Wm.  Winters,  premium. 

Heifer,  two  and  under  three  years,  thirty-one  entries,  Charles  Merman,  premium. 

Aged  Bull,  thirty  three  entries,  Frank  Bagby,  premium. 

Bull,  one  and  under  two  years,  thirty  five  entries,  J.  A.  Stevens,  premium. 

Milch  Cow,  thirty  nine  entries,  Col.  James  Taylor,  premium. 


Aged  Cow,  T.  A.  Wilson,  premium. 
Aged  Bull,  R.  F.  Bagby,  premium. 


SWEEPSTAKES. 


FAT    CATTLE. 


Bullock,  T.  A.  Wilson,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Pair  of  Lambs,  ten  entries,  George  Parks,  premium. 
Three  Ewes,  eleven  entries,  Mrs.  Winter,  premium. 
Aged  Buck,  thirteen  entries,  J.  White,  premium. 

HOGS. 

Brood  Sow,  two  entries,  H.  K.  Rachford,  premium. 

Pair  of  Pigs,  three  entries,  H.  K.  Rachford,  premium. 

Sow  and  Litter  of  Pigs,  four  entries,  H.  K.  Rachford,  premium. 

Aged  Boar,  five  entries,  James  White,  premium. 

22 


S3  8  REPORT  OF  THE 


JACKS    AND   JENNETS. 

Aged  Jack,  M.  W.  Graves,  premium. 

MULES. 

Mule,  under  one  year,  one  entry,  R.  S.  Morin,  premium. 

Horse  Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  Cole.  Shaw,  premium. 

Aged  Mare  Mule,  nine  entries,  Z.  F.  Barker,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  eleven  entries,  A.  K.  Gaines,  premium. 

Horse,  under  one  year,  twelve  entries,  A.  J   Wright,  premium. 

Match  Mules,  thirteen  entries,  Philips  &  Jordon,  premium. 

BLOOD    HORSES. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Robt.  Shaw,  premium. 

Aged  Mare,  six  entries,  Joab  Scales,  premium. 

Horse  Colt,  under  one  year,  seven  entries,  Joab  Scales,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  nine  entries,  Wm.  Timberlake,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  ten  entries,  French  &  Carpenter,  premium. 

Aged  Stallion,  twelve  entries,  J.  W.  Scales,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year,  thirteen  entries,  S.  A.  Wilson,  premium. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  seven  entries,  Jno.  Metcalfe,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  eight  entries,  R.  B.  Cumings,  premium. 

Geldings,  three  years  and  under  four,  eighteen  entries,  J.  C.  Allen,  premium. 

Geld'iDg,  two  years  old,  twenty  one  entries,  Chas.  Mann,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  twenty-three  entries,  James  Rice,  premium. 

Aged  Mare,  thirty  entries,  Felix  Burns,  premium. 

Aged  Gelding,  thirty  one  entries,  Lewis  Sanders,  premium. 

Mare,  three  years  and  uuder  four,  thirty  five  entries,  W.  P.  Collins,  premium. 

Aged  Stallion,  forty  two  entries,  Jno.  L.  Graves,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  forty  six  entries,  Jno.  J.  Thomas,  premium. 

Horse  Colt,  under  one  year,  fifty  entries,  A.  K.  Gaines,  premium. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  H.  Kidwell,  premium. 

Colt,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  A.  G.  Clarkson,  premium. 

Aged  Mare,  twelve  entries,  Geo.  A.  Scott,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year,  fourteen  entries,  J.  W.  Daniel  premium. 

Aged  Stallion,  seventeen  entries,  J.  Gatson,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  tnree,  eighteen  entries,  Clayburne  Leach,  premium. 

Pair  Aged  Mares,  twenty  six  entries,  J.  S.  Biggs,  premium. 

Pair  Aged  Horses,  thirty  entries,  Joab  Scales,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  forty  entries,  B.  S.  Anderson,  premium. 

Colt,  under  one  year,  forty  five  entries,  Wm.  Duncan,  premium. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  fifty-three  entries,  James  Shaw,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year,  fifty-four  entries,  J.  L.  Graves,  premium. 

Horse  Colt,  one  year  and  under  two,  sixty-two  entries,  Dr.  Dulaney,  premium. 

Aged  Gelding,  sixty  seven  entries,  C.  B.  Sandford,  premium. 

DRAFT  HORSES. 

■  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Thos.  McDaniel,  premium. 
Mare,  under  one  year,  five  entries,  J.  L.  Graves,  premium. 
Aged  Stallion,  eight  entries,  Hoggin  &  Bradford,  premium. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  eleven  entries,  James  Spilman,  premium. 
Aged  Gelding,  twelve  entries,  J.  L.  Henderson,  premium. 
Stallion  three  years  old,  thirteen  entries,  B.  F.  Johnson,  premium. 
Horse  Coit,  two  years  and  under  three,  seventeen  entries,  Jno.  Maddox,  premium. 
Horse  Colt,  under  one  year,  twenty  one  entries,  Jas.  Acklin,  premium. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  twenty  two  entries,  J.  S.  Eubank,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKE. 

Aged  Stallion,  all  uses,  seven  entries,  J.  L.  Graves,  premium. 
Aged  Trotting  Mare,  fourteen  entires,  Jno.  S.  Briggs,  premium. 
Aged  Pacing  Mare,  seventeen  entries,  0.  P.  Hogan,  premium. 
Aged  Mare,  twenty  one  entries,  E.  G.  Beck,  premium. 

HORSEMANSHIP. 

Over  fourteen  years,  Miss  Sarah  M.  Morin,  premium. 
Under  fourteen  years,  Miss  Martha  A.  B.  Shaw,  premium. 
Gentlemen  over  fourteen  years,  J.  R.  Warnock,  premium. 
Gentlemen  uuder  fourteen  years,  Jno.  Metts,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


CARRIAGES,    WAGONS,  AC. 

Spring  Wagon,  S.  P.  Cregan,  premium. 
Hay  Riging,  S.  P.  Cregan,  premium. 
Open  Buggy,  Sara.  K.  Hays,  premium. 
Rockaway,  Sam.  K.  Hays,  premium. 
Top  Buggy,  Filkamk  &  Morlan,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 

Cultivator,  Henson  Wagman,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL  PRODCCTS. 

Oats,  two  entries,  James  Shaw,  premium. 
Wheat,  nine  entries,  Jacob  White,  premium. 
Rye,  nine  entries,  Wm.  Pfiester,  premium. 


CENTRAL  KENTUCKY  STOCK,  AGRICULTURAL,  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCI- 
ATION. 

The  Central  Kentucky  Stock,  Agricultural,  and  Mechanical  Association  was  organized 
in  1852,  and  in  1853  chartered  by  the  Legislature;  has  some  three  hundred  stockholders,  who 
reside  in  the  central  counties  of  the  State,  viz:  Mercer,  Washington,  Marion,  Casey,  Lincoln, 
Garrard,  and  Boyle.  Danville  being  the  central  point,  the  location  of  the  Exhibition  Grounds 
was  selected  near  this  place.  The  company  own  some  twenty  five  acres  of  ground,  shaded 
with  handsome  forest  trees;  a  very  fine  large  amphitheater,  capable  of  seating  some  eight  or 
ten  thousand  persons;  a  beautiful  two  story  cottage,  built  after  modern  style;  stables  and 
booths;  water  sufficient  on  the  grounds.  The  company's  finances  are  in  a  good  condition,  be- 
ing out  of  debt,  and  has  been  gradually  increasing  the  list  of  premiums  every  year.  The 
amount  of  premiums  given  last  year  was  about  $1200.  Stock  and  articles  for  exhibition  are 
sent  to  this  Fair  from  all  parts  of  the  State.  Fine  and  full  rings  of  sheep,  hogs,  cattle,  jack 
Btock,  mules,  horses,  &c,  implements  of  every  kind,  and  domestic  articles,  in  great  variety, 
are  exhibited  in  every  clas3.  The  Annual  Fair3  are  attended  by  large  numbers  from  a  distance, 
as  well  as  from  those  counties  which  compose  the  organization.  This  is  destined  to  be  the 
place  for  the  exhibition  and  sale  of  fine  stock  and  manufactured  articles  of  every  description, 
as  it  is  now  on  a  solid  foundation — out  of  debt — owning  some  $20,000  worth  of  property,  with 
an  income  from  its  gates,  booths,  &c,  sufficient  to  meet  its  annual  expenses. 

Officers  for  1857. — J.  S.  Hopkins,  of  Danville,  President;  J.  B.  Akin,  of  Danville,  Secre- 
tary; C.  Rodes,  of  Danville,  Treasurer;  John  Wheelan,  of  Boyle  county,  J.  W.  Grigsby,  of 
Lincoln  county,  J.  P-  Maxwell,  of  Marion  county,  W.  J.  Moberly,  of  Mercer  county,  R.  M. 
Robison,  of  Garrard  county,  J.R.  Hughes,  of  Washington  county,  Vice  Presidents;  J.  P.Fish- 
er, of  Boyle  county,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  of  Boyle  county,  J.  P.  Reed,  of  Boyle  county,  D.  W. 
Jones,  of  Boyle  county,  Thos.  Lillard,  of  Boyle  county,  Richard  Givens,  of  Lincoln  county, 
W.  A.  Cook,  of  Mercer  county,  J.  S.  Hoskins,  of  Garrard  county,  R.  M.  Davis,  of  Mercer 
county,  Directors. 

The  officers  are  elected  annually  (io  May)  by  the  stockholders. 

Rev.  Dr.  Humphrey  delivered  a  very  instructive  and  eloquent  address  at  the  last  Exhibition., 
I  am  unable  to  obtain  a  copy  for  publication. 

J.  B.  AKIN,  Secy 

P.  S. — Boyle  is  noted  for  raising  a  great  many  fine  mules,  jack  stock,  blooded  cattle,  and 
saddle  and  harness  horses;  fine  crops  of  wheat,  corn,  hemp,  and  grain  of  every  character. 

PREMIUM   LIST   OF    CENTRAL    KENTUCKY    STOCK,    AGRICULTURAL,   AND 
MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'  manufactures  and  tailoring. — DOMESTIC. 
Fine  Jeans,  not  less  than  10  yards,       ....  1  set  Silver  Plated  Dining  Forks. 

Negro  Jeans,  not  les3  than  10  yards,     ....  1  set  Silver  Plated  Dining  Forks. 

White  Flannel,  not  less  than  10  yards,  -        -        -  1  set  Silver  Plated  Dining  Forks. 


340 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Plaid  Linaey,  not  less  than  10  yards,     -        -        -        -  1  set  Silver  Plated  Dining  Forks. 

Plain  Linsey,  not  less  than  10  yards,     -         -         -         -  1  set  Silver  Plated  Dining  Forks. 

1  pair  Woolen  Blankets,  strictly  home  made,        -         -  1  set  Silver  Plated  Tea  Forks. 

Rag  Carpet,  not  less  than  20  yards, 1  set  Silver  Plated  Tea  Forks. 

Best  pair  Woolen  Hose,        -         -  -         -         -         -         -         -        Pair  Butter  Knives. 

Second  best  pair  Woolen  Hose, Butter  Knife. 

Best  pair  Woolen  Half  Hose, -         -        Pair  Butter  Knives. 

Second  best  pair  Woolen  Half  Hose,  -         -        -         -        -        -  Butter  Knife. 

Gent's  Coat  made  and  pressed  by  a  lady, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges. — Mrs.  Ben.  Spaulding,  Marion;  Mrs.  Abram  Smith,  Mercer;  Mrs.  A.  I.    Caldwell, 
Boyle;  Mrs.  Fred.  Adams,  Garrard;  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln. 

PATCHWORK  AND  NEEDLEWORK. 

Best  Silk  Quilt, -         -        Silver  Goblet. 

Best  Worsted  Quilt, $10  Cup. 

Best  Cotton  Quilt, $10  Cup. 

Specimen  of  Needlework, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Shirt  made  by  Lady, Butter  Knives. 

Shirt  made  by  Girl  under  13  years, *        -         -       Butter  Knives. 

Specimen  of  embroiderj,      -.'---- Gold  Thimble. 

Pair  of  Mitts  or  Gloves, Butter  Knife. 

Judges. — Miss  Caroline  Styles,  Nelson;  Miss  Mary  E.  Hopkins,  Boyle;  Miss  Sallie  Tom- 
Unson,  Mercer;  Miss  E.  C.  Hoskins,  Garrard;  Miss  Mary  Chrisman,  Jessamine. 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

Pair  of  Boots, Set  Dining  Forks 

Pair  of  Shoes,  - Butter  Knives. 

Pair  of  Brogans  or  Negro  Shoes, -         -         -         Butter  Knife. 

Pair  of  Gaiter  Boots  by  Lady,  - Set  Tea  Forks. 

Judges. — John   Phillips,    Mercer;  J.  P.    Thorel,   Danville;  P.  F.  Webb,  Lincoln;  James 
Nott,  Washington;  John  Sneed,  Danville. 

HATS. 

Fur  Hat, Set  Tea  Forks. 

Silk  Hat,     -  Butter  Knives. 

Wool  Hat,  - Butter  Knife. 

Judges. — James  Edelen,  Mercer;  G.    W.  Doneghy,  Danville;  Silas  Figg,  Garrard;  Hiram 
Shaw,  Lexington. 

CABINET  WORK. 

Extension  Table, Set  Dining  Forks 

Bedstead,     ...         - .  Set  Dining  Forks* 

Divan  or  Sofa,  and  ^  dozen  Chairs, Set  Dining  Forks- 
Bureau,                Set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges.— Win.  Noel,  Boyle;  James  Merath,  Springfield;  J.  H   Wiehl,  Danville. 

CARRIAGES  AND  BUGGIES. 

[Exhibited  by  Maker  or  Dealer] 
Carriage,       -------------     $10  Silver  Cup. 

Rockaway,  -         -  ..-..._.  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Buggy,  ------------         Set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges. — John  A.  Burton,  Perryville;  D.  A.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg;  John  Logan,  Lancas- 
ter. 

HARNESS  AND  SADDLERY. 

Set  Double  Harness, -        -       |8  Silver  Cup. 

Single  Harness, -         -         -         -  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Gent's  Saddle  and  Bridle,     - Set  Dining  Forks. 

Set  2  Horse  Wagon  Harness,         -         - Set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges. — James  Potts,    Perryville;  W.  W.  Batterton,   Boyle;  Anderson  Calla,   Lebanon; 
Hamlet  Brown,  Lancaster;  Turner  Bottoms,  Harrodsburg. 

LEATHER. 

Side  Sole  Leather, Butter  Knive9. 

Side  Upper  Leather, Butter  Knives. 

Side  Harness  Leather, -         -         -         -      Butter  Knives. 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins, Butter  Knives. 

Judges. — Fred.  Curry,  Harrodsburg;  Wm.  Beard,  Garrardj  Harvey  Spears?  Marion. 

DAIRY. 

Five  pounds  Butter,      -        -        - Butter  Knife. 

Five  Pounds  Cheese,  Butter  Knife. 

Loaf  Light  Wheat  Bread,  -         Butter  Knife. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  341 

Loaf  Light  Corn  Bread, -  Butter  Knife. 

Ham,  Cooked, Butter  Knife. 

Saddle  Mutton,  Cooked, Butter  Knife. 

Barrel  Flour, Butter  Knives. 

Judges  —  Mrs.  James  G.  Cecil,  Boyle-;  Mrs.  Clayton    Anderson,    Garrard;  Mrs.  C.  H.    Ro- 
chester, Boyle;  Mrs.  Dudley  Bowman,  Mercer. 

VEGETABLES. 

Sweet  or  Yam  Potatoes,  half  bushel, Butter  Knife,, 

Irish  Potatoes, Butter  Knife. 

Cabbage,  half  dozen  heads, Butter  Knife. 

Best  and  greatest  variety  of  Vegetables  raised  by  exhibitor,         -         -         -       Butter  Knives 
Judges — Alex.  Sneed,  Sr.,  Danville;  James  Crow,  Lincoln;  Benjamin  Crow,  Boyle. 

FRUITS    AND    WINES. 

Apples,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,       -         -         -  Butter  Knives. 

Pears,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,         -         -        -  Butter  Knives. 

Peaches,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,             -         -  Butter  Knives. 

Grapes,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,       -         -         -  Butter  Knives. 

Quinces,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,              -         -  Butter  Knives. 

Plums,  best  display  good  varieties,  not  less  than  one  bushel,       -         -         -  Butter  Knives. 

Half  dozen  bottles  Kentucky  Wine,               -  Butter  Knives. 

Watermelons, Butter  Knife. 

Judges — Maj.  William  Daviess,    Harrodsburg;  John    L.    Ballinger,   Lincoln;  George    W. 
Dunlap,  Lancaster;  William  Hawkins,  Marion;  Charles  Spillman,  Garrard. 

GRAINS   AND    SEEDS. 

Wheat,  not  less  than  one  bushel,         - Butter  Knife. 

Indian  Corn,  not  less  than  one  bushel, Butter  Knife,, 

Oats,  not  less  than  one  bushel, -         -         Butter  Knife. 

Specimen  of  Hemp  from  Brake,  not  less  than  fifty  pounds,  -         -         -  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Clover  Seed,  one  bushel,      ----------      Set  Tea  Forks. 

Timothy  Seed,               Butter  Knife- 
Orchard  Grass, Butter  Knife. 

Judges — A.   H.  Bowman,  Mercer;  J.   F.  Warren,  Boyle;  Jackson    Givens,  Lincoln;  Wni. 
Stewart,  Boyle;  J.  J.  Craig,  Boyle. 

poultry . 

Pair  Brahma  Pootra  Chickens      -                           -  Butter  Knives. 

Pair  Dorking  Chickens,         ..----...-  Butter  Knives. 

Pair  Shanghai  Chickens, Butter  Knives. 

Pair  Chochin  China  Chickens,     - Butter  Knives. 

Pair  Sumatra  Game,              Butter  Knives. 

Variety  Coop,       ....         -                  ......  Butter  Knives. 

Judges — Jefferson  Dunn,  Garrard;  Simeon  Fisher,  Boyle;  Fred.  Harris,  Lincoln. 

FLOWERS. 

Handsomest  Boquet,  ..........       Butter  Knives. 

Handsomest  Floral  Design.  -         - -       Butter  Knives. 

Handsomest  and  largest  display  of  Flowers,         ....  .       Butter  Knives. 

Judges — Miss  Mary  Buster,  Wayne;  Miss  Martha  Clay,  Bourbon;  Miss    Eugenia    Dunlap, 
Lancaster;  Miss  Nannie  Smith,  Mercer;  Miss  Mary  Humphreys,  Woodford. 

AGRICULTURAL   IMPLEMENTS. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  sod, $10  Silver  Cuf>. 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  Stubble, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Large  Harrow,  plan  and  material,  .........  Tea  Forks. 

Two  Horse  Wagon,  $10  Silver  Cup. 

One  Horse  Cart, -         -  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Cutting  Box,  plan  and  material, Set  Tea  Forks. 

Wheat  Fan, -  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Hay  Rake, •   -      .  -         -         -      Set  Tea  Forks. 

Hemp  Brake, Butter  Knives. 

Mowing  Cradle, Butter  Knives. 

Grass  Scythe  and  Fixtures,  - Butter  Knife. 

Ox  Yoke, - Butter  Knife. 

Scraper,  Butter  Knives. 

Pump,  plan  and  material,  Butter  Knives. 

Corn  Crusher, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Reaping  Machine,  horse  power,  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Mowing  Machine,  horse  power, -  -Set Dining  Forks. 


342  REPORT  OF  THE 

Judges — A.  D.  Irvine,  Boyle;  Tho.   Barbee,  Boyle;  Robert  McChord,  Washington;  L.  D. 
Goode,  Lincoln;  A.  G.  McMurdy,  Mercer. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HOGS. 

Best  aged  Boar, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Best  aged  Sow,          -                           -         - $10  Silver  Cup. 

Best  Pig  Boar,  under  five  months  old, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Pig  Sow,  under  five  months  old, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Fatted  Hog, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges — Ben.  Spaulding,  Marion;  Willis  Shumate,  Madison;  Robert  D.  Logan,  Boyle;  Hille- 
ry  Gibbs,  Garrard;  James  H.  Irvine,  Boyle. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Long  Wooled  Buck, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Long  Wooled  Ewe, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  pair  Long  Wooled  Lambs, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Middle  Wooled  Buck,      -         -                  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Middle  Wooled  Ewe, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  pair  Middle  Wooled  Lambs, Set  Dining  Forks, 

Best  Fine  Wooled  Buck, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  Fine  Wooled  Ewe, Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  pair  Fine  Wooled  Lambs, -         -  Set  Dining  Forks. 

Best  five  fatted  Sheep,     - set  Dining  Forks. 

Judges — Charles  Bowman,  Garrard;  Robert  Gentry,  Lincoln;  John  G.  Handy,  Mercer;  P  B. 
Mason,  Boyle;  Wm.  Crockett,  Scott. 

BLOODED    CATTLE. 

Aged  Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,          -        -        -        -        -        -  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,       - $10  Silver  Cup. 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Bull  Calf,  under  one  year  old,           --------  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Aged  Cow,  three  years  old  and  upwards, S10  Silver  Cup. 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         -  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Cow  Calf,  under  one  year  old,          -         - $10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges — Thomas  Grundy,  Washington;  Dudley  Bowman,  Mercer;   Albert  Allen,    Fayette; 
Ben.  Vanmeter,  Clarke;  John  Cunningham,  Bourbon. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age, -  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Best  Cow  of  any  age, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges — Robert  J.  Breckinridge,  Danville;  R.  W.  Scott,  Franklin;  Wm.  Warfield,  Fayette; 
James  McAfee,  Mercer;  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke;  Charles  Innis,  Fayette. 

FATTED  CATTLE  AND  OXEN. 

Fatted  Bullock,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Fatted  Cow,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Fatted  Bullock,  two  years  old  and  under  three, Set  Dining  Spoons. 

Fatted  Bullock,  one  year  old  and  under  two, Set  Dining  Spoons. 

Yoke  of  Oxen  of  any  age, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges — Robert  Tilford,  Boyle;  John  Walker,  Garrard;  Joseph  Gentry,  Lincoln;  George  F. 
Lee,  Boyle;  Milton  Rogers,  Washington. 

THIRD  DAY. 

HORSES. 

Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Stallion,  under  one  year  old, $10  Silver  Cup. 

MARES. 

Blooded  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -----  $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Blooded  Mare,  under  one  year  old, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges— Addison  Walden,  Mercer;  James  K.  Duke,  Scott;  Capt.  A.  Buford,  Woodford;  Jas. 
Brady,  Fayette;  Samuel  Grundy,  Washington. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  343 

HORSE9    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $  10  Silver  Cup, 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 10  Silver  Cup. 

MARES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  Silver  Cup, 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  Silves  Cup. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,           ---------  10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — S.  P.  Kenney,  Fayette;  Theodore  Spalding,  Washington;  Dennis  Nichols,  Lin- 
coln; Jeff.  Henry,  Green;  Scott  Brown,  Franklin. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Draft  Stallion, $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Draft  Mare,         --..-* 10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — Jos.  E.  Lee,  Boyle;  Dudley  M.  Bowman,  Mercer;  Evan  Shelby,  Lincoln;  George 
Drye,  Casey;  Jordan  Peter,  Boyle. 

STALLIONS    FOR   THE  SADDLE. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          -------  10  Silver  Cup. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       - 10  Silver  Cup. 

MARES  FOR   THE  SADDLE. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards, -         -  10  Silver  Cup. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10    Silver  Cup. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 10    Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — Wm.  G.  Moore,  Fayette;  James  Richardson,  Garrard;  Wm.  Green,  Perry  ville; 
F.  P.  Kinkead,  Woodford;  Ihos.  Brown,  Washingion. 

SWEEPSTAKE    FOR    ALL    AGES. 

Horses,  of  any  age,              -         -         -  $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Mares,  of  any  age,     -'-'-• 10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — Joshua  F,  Bell,  Boyle;  John  Kenney,  Boyle;  Allen  Beasley,  Garrard;  John  Alex- 
ander, Mercer;  Cyrus  Kenney,  Fayette. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

JACKS    AND  JENNETS. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,             .......  10  Silver  Cup. 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  10  Silver  Cup. 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  -                  10  Silver  Cup. 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,        -         - 10  Silver  Cup. 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,         ..'..-.-..  10  Silver  Cup. 
Judges. — Daniel    Everheart,  Marion;  Silas    Evans,  Fayette;  Henry   Chrisman,  Jessamine; 

Waller  Chenault,  Madison;  Sherrod  Burton,  Perry  ville;  Stephen  C.  Brown,  Washington;  Jo- 
seph Spaulding,  Marion. 

SWEEPSTAKE    FOR    ALL    AGES. 

Jack,  of  any  age, -         -         -         -         -         -  $  10  Silver  Cup 

Jennet,  of  any  age,     -                                    .......  10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — George  Riffe,  Casey;  Felix  G.  Murphy,  Nelson;  Elijah  Robinson,  Lincoln;  T.  K. 
Salter,  Garrard;  David  Heath,  Boyle. 

MULES. 

Pair  Harness  Mules, -  $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards, -         -  10  Silver  Cup. 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - -  10  Silver  Cup. 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,           ........  \Q  Silver  Cup. 

Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges. — James  Bently,  Lincoln;  David  Phillips,  Marion;  James  Thompson,  Mercer;  Sam- 
uel Robertson, Green;  Hall  Anderson,  Garrard;  Joshua  B.  Hopkins,  Washington;  J.  Woodson 
Burton,  Boyle. 

SADDLE    AND    HARNESS    HORSES. 

Pair  Carriage  Horses, $  10  Silver  Cup. 

Pair  Carriage  Mares,          ' 10  Silver  Cup 


344  REPORT  OF  THE 

Buggy  Horse, $10  Silver  Cup. 

Buggy  Mare, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Saddle  Horse, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Saddle  Mare, 10  Silver  Cup. 

Judges  on  Saddle  Horses — James  G.Cecil, Boyle;  Robt.Prewitt, Faj'ette;  Dr.  G.  W.Givens, 
Lincoln;  James  H.  Beasley,  Garrard;  Dr.  John  A.Tomlinson,  Mercer. 

Judges  on  Harness  Horses — James  Caldwell,  Boyle;  Ed.  Davidson,  Washington;  Acton 
Whitocotton,  Lebanon;  Merritt  Cunningham,  Mercer;  Henry  VV.  Farris,  Crab  Orchard. 

DISCRETIONARY  JUDGES. 

articj.es  of  merit  to  ladies. 
Judges — Mrs.  Foster  Ray,  Marion;  Mrs.  John  P.  Reed,  Boyle;  Mrs.  M.  R.  Daviess,  Mercer; 
Mrs.  It.  M.  Robertson,  Garrard;  Mrs.  R.  W.  Givens,  Lincoln. 

ARTICLES    OF    MERIT   TO    GENTLEMEN. 

Judges— Henry  Bruce,  Boyle;  C.  O.  Moore,  Boyle;  Walter  Nichols,  Lincoln;  George  Bow 
man,  Sen  ,  Garrard;  Hugh  McElroy,  Washington. 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS. 

1.  Any  person  may  become  a  member  for  five  years,  by  payment  of  $20  in  advance,  and  a 
member  for  one  year  by  the  payment  of  $5  to  the  Secretary. 

2.  All  entries  for  exhibition  should  be  made  with  the  Secretary,  before  10  o'clock,  A.  M., 
on  the  day  of  exhibition. 

3.  All  stock  or  articles  brought  within  the  grounds,  will  be  subject  to  the  Marshal's  orders. 

4.  No  animal  or  article  exhibited,  shall  be  removed  from  the  grounds  until  the  close  of  that 
day's  exhibition,  unless  by  a  special  permit  from  the  Marshal. 

5.  No  animal  will  be  admitted  into  the  exhibition  ring  unless  well  broke  to  the  halter  and 
under  perfect  control  of  the  groom,  except  such  Hogs  and  Sheep  as  are  permitted  by  the 
Marshal. 

6.  No  animal  or  article  shall  be  exhibited  by  any  other  than  the  real  owner  or  manufacturer, 
hs  the  case  may  be. 

7.  No  animal  or  article  shall  receive  a  premium,  unless  thought  worthy  by  the  judges. 

8.  No  partnership  property  shall  be  exhibited,  without  all  the  owners  are  stockholders  or 
members,  and  no  individual  property  on  partnership  stock. 

9.  No  stock  or  article  shall  be  exhibited  by  the  owner  in  person,  except  harness  or  saddle 
.horses. 

10.  All  exhibits  will  be  made  in  the  same  order  that  they  appear  in  the  printed  bills. 

11.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  during  the  exhibition,  except  the  President, 
Marshals,  and  acting  Judges,  except  when  called  by  order  of  the  President.  The  Vice  Presi- 
dents, Directors,  Secretary,  and  Judges,  not  on  duty,  will  occupy  the  offices,  and  all  others  are 
positively  prohibited  from  entering  either  offices  or  ring. 

12.  No  person  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  or  her  ownership  or  pedigree  of  stock, 
without  thereby  forfeiting  the  premium,  if  any  be  awarded. 

13.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  contend  for  more  than  one  premium  during  the  same  ex- 
hibition, except  in  sweepstakes. 

14.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  stand  hitched  to  a  vehicle  on  the  grounds. 

15.  All  spirituous  liquors  are  expressly  forbidden  to  be  sold  on  the  grounds,  or  within  a  half 
a  mile  thereof,  under  the  penalty  of  the  law,  as  provided  for  in  the  charter. 

16.  No  huckster  will  be  permitted  to  vend  refreshments  within  the  grounds,  without  first 
procuring  license  from  the  Secretary. 

17.  All  Officers  of  this  Association  will  wear  white  badges,  Marshals  red,  and  Judges  blue- 

18.  No  aged  animal  or  article,  having  at  any  previous  Fair  of  the  Association  taken  a  pre- 
mium, shall  compete  for  a  second,  unless  in  cases  of  sweepstakes. 

19.  All  vacancies  in  the  Judges  shall,  by  the  Secretary,  be  reported  to  the  Directors,  who 
will  supply  the  vacancies  by  appointing  others. 

20.  Judges  on  animals  are  expected  to  be  governed  by  the  form,  size,  action,  symmetry,  and 
the  adaptation  to  the  particular  sphere  in  which  the  animal  may  be  used. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  345 

21.  Judges  on  Mechanical  and  Domestic  Manufactures  will  award  according  to  the  skill  ex- 
hibited in  the  execution,  and  the  adaptation  to  useful  purposes. 

22.  All  premiums  awarded  will  be  delivered  (in  ware)  by  the  Secretary,  at  the  close  of  the 
last  day's  exhibition. 

23.  Stockholders  and  members  shall  supply  themselves  with  Gate  Tickets,  (which  can  be 
done  by  application  to  the  Secretary,)  and  upon  failure  so  to  do,  pay  at  the  gate;  and  money  so 
paid  shall  not  be  refunded. 

24.  No  person  will  be  admitted  to  the  Fair  Grounds  without  first  procuring  tickets,  which 
will  be  furnished  at  the  hotels  in  Danville,  and  the  offices  convenient  to  the  entrance  gates. 

25.  Exhibitors  of  blooded  stock  shall  furnish  pedigree  and  age  of  animal  to  the  Secretary 
before  exhibition. 

26.  Every  person  exhibiting  an  animal  or  animals,  shall  select  the  class  in  which  to  ex- 
hibit, and  the  same  animal  or  animals  shall  not  be  exhibited  in  any  other  class,  either  in  pairs 
or  singly. 

■ 

PRICES  OF  ADMISSION. 

For  each  Footman,  twenty  five  cents. 

For  each  Horse  and  Rider,  twenty  five  cents. 

For  each  one  seat  Buggy,  fifty  cents. 

For  each  two  seat  Buggy,  seventy  five  cents. 

For  each  two  horse  Buggy,  eighty  cents. 

For  each  one  horse  Rockaway,  eighty  cents. 

For  each  two  horse  Rockaway,  or  Family  Carriage,  one  dollar. 

For  each  two  horse  Hack,  each  trip,  exclusive  of  passengers,  thirty  cents. 

For  each  four  horse  Hack,  or  Omnibus,  each  trip,  exclusive  of  passengers,  fifty  cents. 

Persons  will  please  prepare  themselves  with  change. 

Members  of  the  Association,  together  with  their  families,  admitted  free  of  charge.  They 
will,  by  calling  on  the  Secretary,  any  time  after  the  loth  of  July,  be  furnished  with  tickets' 
which  will  admit  them  at  the  gate. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  CENTRAL   KENTUCKY  STOCK,  AGRICULTU- 
RAL AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Fine  Jeans,  two  entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  Logan  Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  three  entries,  Mrs.  A.  T.  Irvine,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

White  Flannel,  Mrs.  A.  I.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Hopkins,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Plain  Linsey,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Woolen  Blankets,  Mrs.  Richard  Givens,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mr3.  A.  I.  Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Woolen  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  Willis  Grimes,  Boyle,  first  premium;  Mrs.  A.  I.  Caldwell,  Boyle, 
second  premium. 

Gent's  Coat  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Yantis,  Garrard,  premium;  Martha  E.  Yantis, 
Garrard,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  J.   H.  Edelin,  Harrodsburg,  premium;  Mrs.  William  Doane,  certificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  thirteen  entries,  Miss  Thusa  Yantis,  Garrard,  premium;  Mrs.  Susan  Stew- 
art, Lincoln,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  eleven  entries,  Miss  Bettie  Buskett,  Jessamine,  premium;  Miss  Sallie  K- 
Houghton,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Specimen  of  Needle-Work,  ten  entries,  Miss  Callie  Coolidge,  Nelson,  premium;  Miss 
Amelia  Huston,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Shirt,  Miss  Sarah  Yantis,  Garrard,  premium;  Miss  Thusa  Yantis,' Garrard,  certificate. 

Specimen  of  Embroidery,  fourteen  entries,  Miss  Callie  Coolidge,  Nelson,  premium;  Miss 
Sallie  Tomlinson,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Mitts  or  Gloves,  Mrs.  Mary  L.  Peyton,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  I.  Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 


346  REPORT  OF  THE 

Gaiter  Boots  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  N.  Sandifer,  Lancaster,  premium;  Miss  E.  M.Irvine, 
certificate. 

Fur  Hat,  J.  H.  Edelin,  Harrodsburg,  premium  and  certificate. 

Carriage,  S.  E.  Farrand,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Rockaway,  S.  E.  Farrand,  Danville,  premium;  Rule    &  Brother,  Maysville,  certificate. 

Buggy,  S.  E.  Farrand,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Set  Double  Harness,  S.  P.  Barbee,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Set  Single  Harness,  S.  P.  Barbee,  Danville,  premium;  S.  E.  Farrand,  Danville,  certifi- 
cate. 

Side  Sole  Leather,  S.  S.  Moore,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Side  Upper  Leather,  S.  S.  Moore,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Side  Harness  Leather,  S.  S.  Moore,  Danville,  preminm  and  certificate. 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins,  S.  S.  Moore,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Butter,  four  entries,  Mrs.  E.  J.  Gregg,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  Kate  McRoberts,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Cheese,  four  entries,  Mrs.  G.  F.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  cer- 
tificate. 

Light  Wheat  Bread,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  James  Kinnaird,  Danville,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  R. 
Ford,  Danville,  certificate. 

Light  Corn  Bread,  three  entries,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Gar- 
rard, Danville,  certificate. 

Cooked  Hams,  six  entries,  Mrs.  J.  S.  Hopkins,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  John  Talbot,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Saddle  of  Mutton,  cooked,  Mrs.  A.  T.  Irvine,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Irish  Potatoes,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  J.  M.  McFerran,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Bentley, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Cabbage,  four  entries,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Rochester,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  Morgan  Vance,  Mer- 
cer, certificate. 

Best  variety  Vegetables,  four  entries,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Rochester,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  Morgan 
Vance,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Variety  of  Apples,  Barney  Davis,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Wheat,  Wm.  Stewart,  Boyle,  premium;  C.  O.  Moore,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Oats,  Wm.  Stewart,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Specimen  of  Hemp  from  brake,  Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  premium;  ■  McCann,  certificate. 

Clover  Seed,  Jos.  McNeill,  Merce?,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Brahma  Pootra  Fowls,  Jos.  McNeill,  Mercer,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  Cochin  China  Fowls,  Jos.  McNeil,  Mercer,  premium  and  certificate 

Pair  Sumatra  Game,  nine  entries,  S.  H.  Gregg,  Lincoln,  premium;  Edwin  R.  Lyle,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Variety  Coop  Fowls,  two  entries,  S.  H.Gregg,  Lincoln,  premium;  Jos.  McNeill,  Mercer, 
certificate. 

Boquet,  Miss  Nannie  Daniel,  Mercer,  premium. 

Display  of  Flowers,  Miss  Sarah  Daniel,  Mercer,  premium. 

Floral  Design,  Miss  Mary  Hopkins,  Boyle,  premium. 

Two  horse  Sod  Plow,  R.  J.  Marrs,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Two  horse  Stubble  Plow,  R.  J.  Marrs,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Large  Harrow,  R.  J.  Marrs,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Mowing  Crad'e,  James  Dorman,  premium  and  certificate. 

SECOND   DAY.    . 

Aged  Boar,  three  entries,  John  Bright,  Boyle,  premium;  M.  N.  &  P.  Dupeauw,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Aged  Sow,  three  entries,  A.  M.  Feland,  Lincoln,  premium;  J.  M.  McFerran,  Boyle,  certifi- 
cate. 

Boar  Pig,  four  entries,  A.  II.  Sneed,  Boyle,  premium;  C.  H.  Rochester,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Sow  Pig,  five  entries,  A.  H.  Sneed,  Boyle,  premium;  Dr.  James  H.  Moore,  Mercer,  certifi- 
cate. 

Fatted  Hog,  two  entries,  A.  G.  Herndon,  Garrard,  premium;  Dr.  James  H.  Moore,  Mercer, 
certificate. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  four  entries,  J.  &  B  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  A.  Cook,  Mercer, 
certificate. 

Long  Wool  Ewe,  five  entries,  W.  A.  Cook,  Mercer,  premium;  J.  &  B.  Dunn,  Garrard,  cer- 
tificate. 

Pair  of  Long  Wool  Lambs,  two  entries,  J.  &  B.  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium;  W.A.Cook, 
Mercer,  certificate. 

Middle  Wool  Buck,  two  entries,  I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium;  Col.  C.  H.  Rochester,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Middle  Wool  Ewe,  three  entries,  I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium;  ,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  6il 

Pair  of  Middle  Wool  Lambs,  I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium. 

Fine  Wool  Buck,  two  entries,  Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium;  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Fine  Wool  Ewe,  four  entries,  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Pair  Fine  Wool  Lambs,  two  entries,  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium;  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Five  Fatted  Sheep,  S.  H.  Gregg,  Lincoln,  premium;  Dr.  P.  B.  Mason,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  four  entries,  Dr.  P.  B.  Mason,  Boyle,  premium;  Jamea 
Bentley,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  A.  Cook, 
Mercer,  certificate. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium;  James  Bentley, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Bull  Calf,  eight  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  A.  Cook,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  M.  V.  Smith,  Lincoln,  premium;  I.  P.  Fish- 
er, Boyle,  certificate. 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  N.  J.  Shrop 
shire,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium;  I.  P.  Fisher, 
Bovle.,  certificate. 

Cow  Calf,  eleven  entries,  James  Bentley,  Lincoln;  premium;  W.  M.  Garnett,  Lincoln, 
certificate. 

Sweepstake — Bull  of  any  age,  eleven  entries,  I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium;  N.  T.  Lee, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Sweepstake — Cow  of  any  age,  nineteen  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Jas.  Bentley, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Fatted  Bullock,  ten  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fatted  Cow,  two  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Isaac  Shelby,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Fatted  Bullock,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Isaas  Shelby,  Lincoln,  premium ; 
Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium. 

Fatted  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two,  Isaac  Shelby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  Felix  S.  Fisher,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

Blooded  Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,  Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  Col.  R.  M.  Davis,  Mercer,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  John  Kincaid,  Jr.,  Boyle,  premium; 
W.  W.  Jones,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion,  under  one  year,  two  entries,  Col.  R.  M.  Davis,  Mercer,  premium;  J.  L. 
Harlan,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  three  years  and  upwards,  two  entries,  J.  Weisiger,  Boyle,  premium;  Jas.  L. 
Harlan,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  Col.  J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Blooded  Mare,  under  one  year,  Harvey  Helm,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Stallion  for  Harness,  three  years  and  upwards,  four  entries,  Thos.  K.  Salter,  Garrard,  pre- 
mium; Jos.  S.  Kenney,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Stallion  for  Harness,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  John  Meishon,  Lincoln,  pre- 
mium; D.  C    Gregory,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Stallion  for  Harness,  under  one  year,  nine  entries,  Harrison  Grady,  Garrard,  premium;  N. 
T.  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Harness,  three  years  and  upwards,  five  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs. 
Susan  Hudson,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Harness,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  W.  L  Tarkington,  Boyle,  pre- 
mium; C.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Harness,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium. 

Mare  for  Harness,  under  one  year,  five  entries,  Elijah  Burnsides,  Garrard,  premium;  Thos. 
Coulter,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Draft  Stallion,  F.  R.  Wingate,  Boyle,  premium. 

Draft  Mare,  five  entries,  A.  H.  Sneed,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  Susan  Hudson,  Boyle,  certifi- 
cate. 

Stallion  for  Saddle,  three  years  and  upwards,  four  entries,  M.  R.  Henry,  Woodford,  pre- 
mium; Edw.  Thompson,  Washington,  certificate. 


348  REPORT  OF  THE 

Stallion  for  Saddle,  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  James  Oldham,  Boyle,  premi- 
um; Dr.  J.  M.  Meyer,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Stallion  for  Saddle,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  Wm.  Stewart,  Boyle,  premium;  W. 
H.  McGinnis,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  seven  entries,  R.  D.  Logan,  Boyle,  premium;  Saml.  Tribble,  Lin- 
coln certificate. 

Mare  for  Saddle,  three  years  and  upwards,  eight  entries,  R.  M.  Robinson,  Garrard,  premium; 
W.  A.  Cook,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Saddle,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Geo.  C.  Spears,  Boyle,  premium; 
D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Saddle,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Lincoln,  premium; 
W-  I.  Moberly,  Mercer,  certificate. 

Mare  for  Saddle,  under  one  year,  three  entries,  M.  Sandidge,  Lincoln,  premium,  Wm.  But- 
ler Feland,  Lincoln  certificate. 

Sweepstake — Horses  of  any  age,  thirteen  entries,  D.  Nichols,  Lincoln,  premium;  N.  T. 
Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Sweepstake — Mares  of  any  age,  seven  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Isaac  Shelby, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Finest  Gelding,  six  entries,  John  Cromwell,  Fayette,  premium;  Scott  Brown,  Franklin,  cer- 
tificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  four  entries,  D.  A.  Knox,  Boyle,  premium;  Frederick 
Adams,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  J.  B.  F.  McGinnis,  Beyle,  premium;  R. 
W.  Lowry,  Washington,  certificate. 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  nine  entries,  T.  M.  Burford,  Mercer,  premium;  Knox  & 
Rochester,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Jack,  under  one  year,  two  entries,  William  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle 
certificate. 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  T.  M.  Burford,  Mercer,  premium;  Fred 
Adams,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  four  entries,  J.  B.  Field,  Jessamine,  premium;  R.  W 
Lowry,  Washington,  certificate. 

Jennet,  one  yeat3  old  and  under  two,  G.  M.  Proctor,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Jennet,  under  one  year,  seven  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  John  Baughman,  Lin 
coin,  certificate. 

Mule  Jack,  seven  entries,  W.  F.  Overstreet,  Garrard,  premium;  Dr.  J.  M.  Meyer,  Boyle 
certificate. 

Sweepstake — Jack,  of  any  age,  eight  entries,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  J.  E 
Lee,  Boyle,  cetificate. 

Sweepstake — Jennet,  of  any  age,  thirteen  entries,  George  M.  Proctor,  Boyle,  premium;  W 
L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Harness  Mules,  two  entries,  E.  L.  Davison,  Washington,  premium;  A.  Cohen 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  five  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  James  Bentley 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  E.  D.  Penning 
ton,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  seven  entries,  Jordan  Peter,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  L.  Tar 
kington,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Horse  Mule,  under  one  year,  six  entries,  Jordan  Peter,  Boyle,  premium;  John  Tewmey 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Pair  Carriage  Horses,  three   entries,  J.  B.  Waller,  Fayette,  premium;  Wm.  Green, 

certificate. 

Pair  Carriage  Mares,  three  entries,  A.  Passmore,  Mercer,  premium;  J.  K.  Vance, 

certificate. 

Buggy  Horse,  six  entries,  Jas.  F.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buggy  Mare,  two  entries,  R.  R.  Pepper,  Woodford,  premium;  J.  &  B.  Dunn,  Garrard,  cer 
tificate. 

Saddle  Florse,  thirteen  entries,  A.  H.  Davenport,  Boyle,  premium;  James  N.  Denny,  Gar 
rard,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  seven  entries,  R.  R.  Pepper,  Woodford,  premium;  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  certifi 
cate. 

Premium  offered  by  W.  H.  Banford  for  best  Mule  by  his  Jack,  J.  J.  Mock,  Boyle,  premium 
S.  McDowell,  Boyle,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTCRAL  SOCIETY.  349 

PREMIUMS  OF  MERIT, 
Awarded  to  articles  exhibited  far  which  premiums  were  not  offered  on  the  regular  list. 

Counterpane — Miss  S.  F.  Yantis. 

Cover  for  Piano  Stool — Mrs.  Bell  Scruggs. 

Cake — Miss  Julia  Tompkins. 

Inlaid  Table— Mrs.  J.  S.  Sharrard. 

Duster — Mrs.  Joseph  Weisiger. 

Leather  Work  Picture  Frame — Mrs.  J.  S.  Sharrard. 

Design  for  Swiss  Cottage,  Church  and  Hotel — J.  R.  Carrigian. 

Kip  cikins — S.  S.  Moore. 

Bridle  Leather — S.  S.  Moore. 

Barley — Morgan  Vance. 

Centre  Table— J.  H.  Wiehl. 

Wardrobe — J    H.  Wiehl. 

Needlework — Miss  Mary  Dunlap.  * 

Needlework — Mrs.  Joseph  Weisiger. 

Needlework — Miss  Ann  E.  Williamson. 

Silverware,  Watches  and  Jewelry — J.  B.  Akin. 

Fancy  Bead  Work — Mrs.  Bell  Scruggs. 

Vinegar,  &c. — Mrs.  W.  Davis. 

Needlework — Miss  T.  Hutchinson. 

Coat,  made  by  a  Girl — Miss  Martha  Weisiger. 

Yarn— Miss  Bell  Caldwell. 

THE  DANVILLE  FAIR. 

The  Danville  Fair  terminated  yesterday,  and  the  people  of  Boyle  have  every  reason  to  feel! 
proud  of  the  complete  and  brilliant  success  that  attended  it.  The  Fairgrounds  are  as  beauta- 
i'ul  and  as  well  arranged  as  any  in  the  State,  and  the  amphitheatre  and  ladies  cottage  are  mod- 
els of  beauty  and  taste.  We  were  present  at  the  exhibition  on  Thursday,  the  day  set  apart 
for  the  exhibition  of  harness  and  saddle  horses,  and  we  never  saw  a  finer  exhibition,  or  a  more 
magnificent  arrav  of  beautiful  women  and  well  dressed  and  substantial  looking  men.  Danville 
is  situated  in  the  centre  of  one  of  the  productive  and  beautiful  regions  of  the  State,  and  it  seem- 
ed as  if  the  pride  and  flower  of  all  the  counties  that  compose  it,  had  been  gathered  together 
at  the  Fair  grounds  on  Thursday.  Although  there  is  no  police  force  employed  at  this  Fair, 
the  order  maintained  is  admirable,  and  in  many  respects  the  Association  have  improved  after 
the  plans  adopted  by  all  others  in  Kentucky.  From  all  that  we  witnessed  in  our  brief  stay  in 
Danville,  we  were  induced  to  believe  that  the  success  of  this  enterprise  is  no  longer  prob- 
lematical but  a  fixed  and  certain  fact,  and  we  sincerely  hope  that  this  belief  is  well  founded. 
In  closing  this  necessarily  brief  notice  of  this  brilliant  Fair,  we  must  not  omit  to  return 
our  thanks  to  the  attentive  proprietor  of  the  Fields  Hotel,  for  his  kindness  towards  us  during 
our  short  stay  at  his  well  kept  house. — Lex.  Observer,  of  Aug.  15,  1857. 


CHRISTIAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Hofkinsville,  Dec.  4,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Esq  ,  Corresponding  Secretary  K.  S.  A.  Society: 

Dear  Sir:  Yours  of  25th  November  received.  Owing  to  the  sickness  and  absence  of 
some  of  our  Board,  we  have  not  had  a  meeting  since  the  Fair,  which  has  caused  our  Secretary 
to  delay  his  Report. 

I  send  you,  under  separate  cover,  a  correct  List  of  Premiums  awarded,  as  made  by  our  Se- 
cretary from  his  Report;  also,  one  of  our  Premium  Lists,  second  issue  corrected. 

Gate  Receipts, -     $1,900  30 

Memberships, 250  00 

Entrances, 277  00 

Total  Receipts, $2,427  30 

Premiums, 1  ,.500  00 

Respectfully, 

THO.  S.  BRYAN,  Corresponding  Secretary. 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

Thomas  Green,  President;  John  C.  Latham,  Recording  Secretary;  Thomas  S.  Bryan,  Cor- 
responding Secretary;  James  S.  Phelps,  Treasurer;  Isaac  Lewis,  Rice  Dulin,  Jesse  McComb,. 
James  S.  Jackson,  Ned.  Meriwether,  and  James  U.  Campbell,  Directors;  G.  B.  Long,  Chief 
Marsh  al . 


350  REPORT  OF  THE 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  CHRISTIAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHAN 
ICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Jeans,  ten  yards,  fine  home  made,         -         - $  5  00 

Jeans,  ten  yards,  fine  home  made,  second  best, certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,       -----------  5  00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  second  best,    ---------  certificate. 

Linsey,  white,  ten  yards,      -----------  5  00 

Linscy,  white,  ten  yards,  second  best,           --------  certificate. 

Linsey,  striped  or  plain,  ten  yards,       - 5  00 

Linsey,  striped  or  plain,  ten  yards,  second  best,  -         -         -         -         •         -         -  certificate. 

Flannel,  white  all  wool,  ten  yards, 5  00 

Flannel,  white  all  wool,  ten  yards,  second  best, certificate. 

Carpet,  twenty  yards, 10  00 

Carpet,  twenty  yards,  second  best,        ---------  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  twenty  yards,  -         -         - 5  00 

Rag  Carpet,  twentv  yards,  second  best, certificate. 

Pair  Bed  Blankets,'      -         -                  10  00 

Pair  Bed  Blankets,  second  best, certificate. 

Vest  pattern,  home  made, 2  50 

Vest  pattern,  home  made,  second  best, certificate. 

Pair  Woolen  Hose,      -                           2  50 

Pair  Woolen  Hose,  second  best, certificate. 

Pair  Half  Hose, 1  00 

Pair  Half  Hose,  second  best, certificate. 

Linen  Shirt,  by  lady,  best  made  -----         -----         -  5  00 

Linen  Shirt,  by  lady,  second  best, certificate. 

Mitts,  by  a  girl,  best  pair, 1  00 

Specimen  fancy  needle  work, gold  thim. 

Embroidery, gold  thim. 

Woolen  Coverlet, 5  00 

Cotton  Counterpane, 5  00 

Cotton  Quilt,  no  patch  work, 5  00 

Cotton  Quilt,  patch  work, 10  00 

Worsted  Quilt, 10  00 

Silk  Quilt, 10  00 

Hearth  Rug, 2  50 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  best, 5  00 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yards,  best, 5  00 

Pound  of  Flax  Thread, silvev  thim. 

Clothing  for  men,  ten  yards,  best  sample  of  winter, 10  00 

Judges—  Joseph  K.  Grant,  Hopkinsville;  Dixon  Black,  Elkton;  Gardner,  Cadiz;  P  Robinson, 
Madisonville;  L.  Overby,  Princeton;  Thos.  Jeffries,  Russellville. 

DAIRY    PRODUCTS. 

Butter,  five  pounds, 2  50 

Butter,  five  pounds,  second  best, certificate. 

Bread,  best  loaf, 1  00 

Bread,  second  best, -    -    -     '    -  certificate. 

Ham,  best  cooked, 2  50 

Ham,  second  best  cooked, certificate. 

Honey,  five  pounds,  in  comb, 2  50 

Honey,  five  pounds,  in  comb,  second  best, certificate. 

Pickles,  best  jar, 1  00 

Preserves,  best  jar, 5  00 

Cheese,  best  loaf, 2  00 

Judges— Dudley  Jeffries,  Logan;  Thos.  Clark,  Edward  Cook,  Capt.  Hester,  J.  W.  Breathitt, 
and  Dr.  T.  G.  Henry,  Christian;  Wm.  Sasseen,  Todd. 

FRUIT. 

Best  Apples,  one  bushel, -  2  50 

Second  best  Apples,  one  bushel, certificate. 

Best  Peaches,  one  bushel, 100 

Second  best  Peaches,  one  bushel, certificate. 

Best  peck  of  Pears, 2  00 

Second  best  peck  of  Pears, certificate. 

Best  Grapes,  ten  pounds, 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


351 


Second  best  Grapes,  ten  pounds, certificate. 

Best  Wine,  one  gallon  native, 2  00 

Second  best  Wine,  one  gallon  native,  -.-.....      certificate. 

Best  display  of  aH  kinds  Fruits, 5  00 

Second  best  display  of  all  kinds  Fruits,       --------      certificate. 

Handsomest  display  of  cut  Flowers,    ---------  5  00 

Judges. — Dr.  Jas.  Wallace,  Christian;  Isaac  H.  Caldwell,  Dr.  Drane,  Tennessee;  Dr.  Leav- 
ell,  John  Downer,  Todd. 

VEGETABLES. 

Best  bushel  Irish  Potatoes, 2  50 

Best  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes, 2  00 

Best  display  of  Vegetables, 5  00 

Judges — F.  G.Montgomery,  John  Stites,  Henry  Hopper,  David  Bowles,  George  Street. 

»  FAR*    PRODUCTS. 

Bushel  Bread  Corn,  half  shelled,  half  in  ear, 3  00 

Bushel  Stock  Corn,  half  shelled,  half  in  ear, 3  00 

Best  bushel  Clover  Seed, 5  00 

Best  bushel  Timothy  seed, 3  00 

Best  Orchard  Grass, 2  50 

Best  Blue  Grass, 2  50 

Twenty -five  pounds  shipping  Leaf  Tobacco,  to   be  exhibited  by  raiser,  on  stalk,  $5 

entrance,             ....                  100  00 

Twenty  five  pounds  do.,  manufactory,  $3  entrance,              50  00 

Best  specimen  Chinese  Sugar,  Cane  Syrup,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Judges — J.P.Campbell,  Sr.;  E.  J.Roberts,   Christian;  Lewis   Garth,    Todd;  Dr.  Woold- 
ridge,  Trigg;  John  Baker,  Tennessee. 

SECOND  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Best  two  horse  Carriage, 10  00 

Best  two  horse  Buggy, 5  00 

Best  lour  or  six  horse  Wagon,             -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Best  two  horse  Wagon,       ------ 10  00 

Best  two  horse  Plow, 10  00 

Best  one  horse  Plow, 5  00 

Best  Sub  soil  Plow,             5  00 

Best  Wheat  Fan, 5  00 

Best  Straw  Cutter,              -                  2  50 

Best  Hay  Rake, 2  50 

Best  Harrow, 2  50 

Best  Cultivator, 2  00 

Best  Wheat  Drill, 10  00 

Best  lot  of  Tinware, 5  00 

Best  lot  of  Copperware, -  5  00 

Judges — Charles'  Tandy,  James    Fields,    Rezin  Elliott,    A.  Slaughter,    Christian;  and  Ed- 
ward Green,  of  Hopkins. 

Best  barrel  of  Flour, 10  00 

Best  two  bushels  Wheat,  white, 25  00 

Best  two  bushels  Wheat,  not' white,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  25  00 

Entrance  for  Wheat,  $3. 

Judges — James  A.  Brewer.  Christian;  William  Martin,  Trigg;  Thomas  Jones,  Tennessee; 
E.  Sebree,  Todd;  D.  A.  Given,  Paducah;  P.  Peacher,  T.  C.  Cobb,  Tennessee. 

Best  double  set  Carriage  Harness, 10  00 

Best  single  Buggy  Harness,         -..--. 5  00 

Best  double  set  Wagon  Harness, 5  00 

Best  Ladies  Saddle, 5  00 

Best  Man's  Saddle,              ....                  .     ' 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Harness  Leather,             .........  5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Sole  and  Upper  Leatther, 5  00 

Judges — William  S.  Moore,  George   Poindexter,  Sam.  Shyrock,  Sr.,  B.  C.  Ritter,  and  Mr. 
Killebrew. 

Best  pair  Men's  Boots,                5  00 

Best  pair  Men's  Shoes, 2  00 

Best  pair  Ladies  Shoes,      ...                  -- 2  00 

Best  made  Cloth  Coat, 10  00 

Best  made  Vest, 5  00 

Same  Judges. 


352 


REPORT  OF  THE 


WOOD    WORK. 

Best  dressing  Bureau, -         -  5  00 

Best  Wardrobe, -    .     -  5  00 

Best  set  of  Chairs, 5  00 

Best  Sofa, 5  00 

Best  Pork  Barrel, 2  00 

Best  Lard  Keg, 2  00 

Best  Water  Bucket, -  1  00 

Best  Water  Can,         -                           1  00 

Judges. — A.  D.  Rogers,  R.  Vaughan,  Robertson  Torian,  Coleman  Boyd,  Albert  Wallace. 

LONG    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Best  Buck, 5  00 

Best  Ewe, 5  00 

MIDDLE    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Best  Buck, 5  00 

Best  Ewe, 5  00 

FINE    WOOL    SHEEP. 

Best  Buck, 5  00 

Best  Ewe, 5  00 

Judges — Ben.  Berry,    J.  R.  Green,    John   Sraoot,  Christian;  Wm.  Bradley,  Hopkins;  B.  K. 
Tully,  Logan. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  any  age: 10  00 

Best  Sow,  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Pair  Pigs, 10  00 

Best  Fat  Hog,                              10  00 

Judges— Dr.  Dryden,  Ellison  Baker,  Jas.  Caskey,  Robert  McGaughey,  J.  P.  Glass. 

CATTLE. 

Best  Bull  four  years  old  and  over,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Best  Bull  three  years  old  and  under  four,  12  00 

Best  Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -         - 10  00 

Best  Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Sucking  Calf,     -                  -                           10  00 

Best  Cow, 20  00 

Best  Cow  four  years  old  and  over, 20  00 

Best  Cow  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three,    ---------  10  00 

Best  Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two,         ---------  10  00 

Best  Heifer  Calf, -  10  00 

Best  Yoke  Oxen, 10  00 

Best  Milch  Cow, 10  00 

Best  fat  Bullock. 10  00 

Best  lot  fat  Cattle,  not  less  than  four, 10  00 

Judges — David  King,  Logan;  A.J.Anderson,  Henderson;  P.  B.  Stoner,   Stephen   Lander, 
John  J.  Thomas,  J.  D.  Morris,  Christian;  Wash.  Kendall,  Todd. 


THIRD  DAY. 

JACKS    AND    JENNETS. 

Best  Jack  three  years  and  over, 10  00 

Second  best  Jack  three  years  and  over,          --.--..-  certificate. 

Best  Jack  two  years  and  under  three,    ---------  10  00 

Second  best  Jack  two  year3  and  under  three,         - certificate. 

Best  Jack  one  year  and  under  two,         .-.-..-..  10  00 

Second  best  Jack  one  year  and  under  two, certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Best  Jennet  over  three  years  old,            -                                    10  00 

Second  best  Jennet  over  three  years  old,       --------  certificate. 

Best  Jennet  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  best  Jennet  two  years  and  under  three,      -         -         -, .      -         -         -         -  certificate. 

Best  Jennet  one  year  and  under  two,    -         -         -         •         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Jennet  one  year  and  under  two,          .......  certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Judges — Edmond  Bacon,  Trigg;  Mohn  Tully,  Logan;  Jesse  Russell,  Todd;  George   Fox, 
Richard  Jackson,  Geo.  Smoot,  Col.  Wm.  Henry,  Christian. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  353 

MULES. 

Best  Mule  over  four  years,     ----- 10  Of) 

Best  Mule  over  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Mule  over  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  best  Mule  two  years  old  and  under  three, certificate. 

Best  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two,          ..-.-.--  10  00 

Second  best  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two, certificate. 

Best  sucking  Mule, 10  00 

Best  pair  draft  Mules  in  harness,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  lot  of  five  Mules  of  any  age  owned  by  one  person, 10  00 

Jvdges.-r-Mx.  Crabb,  Todd;  Gano  Henry,  John  W.  Wallace,  Wm.  F.  Campbell,  James  F. 
Buckner,  John  B.  McCarty. 

BLOODED    HORSE    STOCK. 

Best  Stallion  over  four  years  old, 20  00 

Best  Stallion  three  and  under  four,         -                  10  00 

Best  Stallion  two  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Stallion  one  and  under  two, 10  00 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Best  Mare  over  four  years, 10  00 

Best  Mare  three  and  under  four,  ----- 10  00 

Best  Mare  two  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Mare  one  and  under  two,       -         - 10  00 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Certificate  of  pedigree  required. 

Judges— John  M.  Sharp,  Warren;  Charles  Merriwether,  Todd,  Richard  Tyler,  Trigg*,  Geo. 
Elliot,  Tennessee;  L.  L.  Leavell,  A.  V.  Long,  John  Whitlock,  Christian. 

FOURTH   DAY. 

DRAFT    STOCK. 

Best  Stallion,  over  four  years  old, $20  00 

Best  Stallion,  over  three  years  and  under  four,     -         - 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,         - certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,     --------  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,         -         - 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Second  best  sucking  Colt,  -         -         -         - -  certificate. 

Best  Brood  Mare,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Second  best  Brood  Mare,  over  four  years  old,       - -  certificate. 

Best  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,      - -  10  00 

Best  Brood  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,       -------  10  00 

Second  best  Brood  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, certificate 

Best  Brood  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,           .........  10  00 

Second  best  Brood  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,        ------  certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt,       -         -                  10  00 

Second  best  sucking  Colt,  -----------  certificate. 

Judges — Julieu  Brown,  Roscoe  Dickerson,  Todd;  J.  T.  Edmunds,  Thomas  Torian,  Dr.  Bell, 
M.  D.  Davie,  N.  E.  Gray,  E.  A.  Brown,  Wm.  Clardy. 

SADDLE    STOCK. 

Best  Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 20  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,     - 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,     --------  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,     -------  certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt,       -                  10  00 

Second  best  sucking  Colt,    -                                    certificate. 

Best  Mare,  over  four  years  old,  ----------  10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,         --------  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, certificate. 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,      -------  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,     -                  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,          .......  certificate. 

Best  aged  Gelding, 10  00 

Second  oest  aged  Gelding, certificate. 

23 


354  REPORT  OF  THE 

Judges — Col.  Wm.  Hopkins,  Christian;  Wm.  S.  Elam,  Henderson;  Wm.  Eaves,  McLean; 
Edward  Weir,  Muhlenburg;  W.  D.  Grace,  Trigg;  E.  W.  Cravens,  David  Parish,  Christian. 

HARNESS    STOCK. 

Best  Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 20  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  vears  and  under  four, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Second  best  sucking  Colt,    -                  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare",  three  years  and  under  four, certificate. 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  bebt  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, certificate. 

Best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, certificate. 

Best  sucking  Colt, 10  00 

Second  best  sucking  Colt, certificate. 

Best  pair  Harness  Mares  or  Geldings,  to  be  exhibited  in  harness,         ...  10  00 

Second  best  pair  Harness  Mares  or  Geldings,  to  be  exhibited  in  harness,     -         -  certificate. 

Best  Mare  or  Guiding,  in  single  harness, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare  or  Gelding,  in  single  harness, certificate. 

Judges— Jack  Fisher,  J.  W.  Breathitt,  E.  S.  Edmunds,  Dr.  Ratcliff,  Christian;  Dr.  Heyton, 
Russellville;  Henry  Garnet,  Warren;  Wm.  Grooms,  Caldwell. 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS. 

Each  days  exhibition  will  commence  at  9  o'clock,  A.  M.,  by  which  time,  to  avoid  delay  and 
confusion,  all  entries  must  be  made. 

Entries  for  the  first  days  exhibition  may  be  made  with  the  Secretary  at  hi3  office  in  town, 
for  two  days  previous  to  the  Fair. 

Entries  for  subsequent  days  should  be  made  each  evening  after  the  exhibition  closes,  by  the 
Secretary  on  the  grounds,  or  at  his  office  in  town,  where  the  books  will  be  kept  open  until  10 
o'clock  at  night. 

It  is  highly  important  that  all  entries  should  be  made  at  the  office  in  town,  the  day  previous 
to  the  exhibition,  as  the  time  for  closing  the  book  (positively  at  9  o'clock,)  will  allow  no  time 
for  making  entries  in  the  morning  on  the  ground. 

The  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  President  at  his  office  on  the  grounds, 
by  8  o'clock  on  the  day  on  which  they  ate  to  act. 

No  person  will  be  allowed  to  compete  for  premiums  with  articles  of  which  they  are  not  the 
real  owners,  without  paying  the  regular  charge  for  entry. 

Persons  not  members  of  the  Association,  will  be  charged  for  competing  for  premiums,  as 
follows  :  For  a  premium  of  $5 — $1;  for  a  premium  over  $5  to  $20 — $2;  for  a  premium  of  $20 
and  over,  $3. 

All  stock  and  every  article  offered  for  exhibition,  shall  be  under  control  of  the  Marshal. 

No  animal  will  be  allowed  to  compete  for  more  than  one  premium  at  the  same  Fair,  unless 
it  is  in  a  sweepstake,  or  in  making  up  a  lot. 

No  Stallion,  Mare,  Bull,  Cow,  Jack,  or  Jennet,  over  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to 
compete  for  a  premium  with  breeding  animals,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

No  person  shall  be  allowed  to  enter  the  ring  where  the  stock  and  other  articles  are  placed 
for  exhibition,  except  the  Judges,  President,  Vice  President,  Directors,  Marshals  and  Sec- 
retary. 

No  premium  will  be  awarded  where  but  one  article  or  animal  is  exhibited,  unless  the  Judges 
shall  decide  that  such  article  or  animal  is  worthy  of  a  premium. 

Marks  of  any  kind,  or  other  indications  of  ownership,  are  to  be  rigidly  excluded  from  all 
articles  competing  for  premiums. 

Sales  at  auction  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  may  desire  to  dispose  of  stock,  or  other  arti- 
cles, will  be  made  on  Saturday  on  the  ground. 

The  services  of  an  auctioneer  can  be  secured  by  applying  to  the  Secretary. 

All  manufactured  articles  must  be  exhibited  by  the  maker,  owner  or  his  agent. 

All  premiums  of  five  dollars  and  upwards  will  be  paid  in  plate;  all  under  that  sum,  in  gold 
coin  or  plate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  355 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  BY  THE  CHRISTIAN    COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND 
MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  W.  W.  Follin,  of  Logan,  premium;  John  P.  Tully,  of  Logan,  cer- 
tificate. 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards,  A.  Julien  Brown,  of  Todd,  premium. 

Striped  Linsey,  ten  yards,  J.  P.  Tully,  of  Logan,  premium;  Mrs.  Isaac  Lewis,  of  Clinton, 
certificate. 

CarpetiDg,  twenty  yards,  Mrs.  H,  Smith  Bowling,  of  Green,  premium;  B.  J.  Kennedy,  of 
Christian,  certificate. 

Rag  Carpet,  twenty  yards,  J.  P.  Tully,  of  Logan,  premium. 

Pair  of  Bed  Blankets,  B.  K.  Tully,  of  Logan,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Bell,  of  Christian,  cer- 
tificate. 

Vest  Pattern,  home  made,  Mrs.  H.  Smith,  of  Warren,  premium:  S.  A.  Holland,  of  Christian, 
certificate. 

Pair  of  Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  H.  Smith,  of  Warren,  premium;  Mrs.  D.  T.  Douglass,  of  Ten- 
nessee, certificate. 

Pair  of  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  D.  T.  Douglass,  of  Tennessee,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  made  Linen  Shirt,  Miss  Ann  Guynn,  of  Hopkinsville,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  W.  Bradley, 
of  Hopkinsville,  certificate. 

Best  made  Linen  Shirt,  Miss Blakey,  of  Logan,  premium. 

Embroidery  on  Chair,  Mrs.  Harriet  Fields,  of  Christian,  premium;  Mrs.  Berryman,  Chris- 
tian, certificate. 

Piano  Cover,  Mrs.  Sarah  Boyd,  of  Hopkinsville,  premium. 

Fancy  Dress,  Mrs.  Sarah  Boyd,  of  Hopkinsville,  premium. 

Embroidery  Needlework,  Mrs.  E.  M.  Berryman,  of  Hopkinsville,  premium;  Mis3  Henrietta 
Gray,  of  Hopkinsville,  certificate. 

Embroidery  on  Flannel,  Mrs  D.  Hillman,  of  Trigg,  premium. 

Drawing,  Creyon,  Miss  Sarah  Sasseen,  of  Todd,  premium. 

Fly-Brush,  Mrs.  S.  A.  McNairy,  of  Muhlenbnrg,  premium. 

Crotchet  Work,  eleven  yards,  Miss  Mitchell,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  of  Woolen  Mitts,  by  a  Girl,  Miss  L.  V.  Grogan,  premium. 

Yarn,  two  specimens,  Miss  Martha  Jeffries,  premium. 

Paintings,  ten  pieces,  Mrs.  Waller  Lewis,  premium. 

Bonnet  and  Head  Dress,  Mrs.  Winston,  of  Clarksville,  premium;  Mrs.  E.  J.  Ruble,  cer- 
tificate. 

Specimen  of  Leather  Work,  Miss  Louisa  Johnson,  premium. 

Woolen  Coverlet,  .Mrs.  Elizabeth  Murphy,  of  Clarksville,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  D.  Chambers, 
certificate. 

Cotton  Counterpane,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Gaines,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  not  patchwork,  Mrs.  E.  Morris,  premium. 

Cotton  Quilt,  patchwork,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Johnson,  premium;  Mrs.  Sarah  Boyd,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  Sarah  Boyd,  premium. 

Worsted  Quilt,  Mrs.  Dr.  Thomas,  premium;  Mrs.  Sarah  Boyd,  certificate. 

Hearth  Rug,  Mrs.  C.  B.  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Geo.  D.  Blakey,  certificate. 

Rifle  Gun,  Frederick  Roos,  premium. 

DAIRY    PRODUCTS. 

Five  pounds  butter,  Mrs.  Ann  P.  Radford,  premium;  Mrs.  Matilda  Evans,  certificate. 
Best  Loaf  of  Bread,  Mrs.  Isaac  Lewis,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  D.  Chambers,  certificate. 
Best  Cooked  Ham,  Mrs.  Thos.  S.  Bryan,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  D.  Chambers,  certificate. 
Best  five  pounds  Honey,  Dr.  G.  Venable,  premium. 
Best  Jar  Preserves,  Mrs.  E.  A.  Dupey,  premium;  Mrs.  Geo.  O.  Thompson,  certificate. 

FRUITS. 

Best  Bushel  Apples,  W.  H.  Sasseen,  premium;  J.  S.  Downer,  of  Todd,  certificate. 

Best  display  of  Fruits,  J.  S.  Downer,  premium. 

Best  display  ef  Flowers,  J.  S.  Downer,  premium;  Miss  Sarah  McKee,  certificate. 

VEGETABLES. 

Best  bushel  Irish  Potatoes,  W.  T.  Buckner,  premium;  Jos.  F.  Anderson,  certificate. 
Best  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes,  Jos.  F.  Anderson,  premium. 
Best  display  of  Vegetables,  Thos.  S.  Bryan,  premium. 

FARM    PRODUCTS. 

Bushel  Bread  Corn,  half  shelled,  W.  H.  Sasseen,  premium. 

Twenty  five  pounds  Leaf  Tobacco,  John  H.  Campbell,  premium;  C.E.  Merriwether, certifi- 
cate. 

Twenty-five  pounds  Manufactory  Tobacco,  John  Graham,  premium;  Col.  R.W.  Henry,  cer- 
tificate. 


356  REPORT  OF-  THE 

Best  specimen  Chinese  Sugar  Cane  Syrup,  S.  B.  Youuglove,  premium;  N.  H.  Boyd,  certifi- 
cate. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Two  Horse  Carriage,  A.  Y.  Johnson,  of  Louisville,  premium. 

Best  Buggy,  Clark  Bradley,  premium;  Bringhursi,  certificate. 

Best  Four  Horse  Wagon,  Thos.  M.  Buck,  and  J.  B.  Petty,  Virginia,  premium 

Best  Two  Horse  Wagon,  Thomas  &  Miller,  premium. 

Best  Two  Horse  Plow,  J.  E.  Wills,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Three  Horse  Plow,  J.  E.  Wills,  premium. 

Best  One  Horse  Plow,  J.  E.  Wills,  premium. 

Best  Straw  Cutter,  Brockman  &  Porter,  premium. 

Best  Barrel  Flour,  James  A.  Brewer,  premium;  R.  Dulin  &  Co.,  certificate. 

Two  Bushels  White  Wheat,  Chiles  T.  Barker,  premium. 

Two  Bushels  Red  Wheat,  R.  W.  Henry,  premium. 

Best  double  set  Carriage  Harness,  Baker,  Beard  &  Crutchfield,  premium. 

Best  single  set  Carriage  Harness,  Baker,  Beard  &  Crutchfield,  premium. 

Best  set  Wagon  Harness,  Baker,  Beard  &  Crutchfield,  premium. 

Best  Ladies'  Saddle,  J.  M.  Glasscock,  premium;  Jas.  M.  Doneison,  certificate 

Best  Man's  Saddle,  J.  M.  Glasscock,  premium. 

Best  side  Harness  Leather,  J.  M.  Burgess,  premium;  Byron  Harrison,  certificate. 

Best  side  Sole  and  Upper  Leather,  Byron  Harrison,  premium;  J.  M.  Burgess,  certificate. 

Best  Pair  Boots,  Cushman  &  Black,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Pair  Ladies'  Shoes,  Cushman  &  Black,  premium. 

Best  made  Cloth  Coat,  John  L.  Shower,  premium;  O.  G.  McGinnis;  certificate. 

Best  made  Vest,  John  L.  Shower,  premium;  H.  B.  Gentry,  certificate. 

WOOD    WORK. 

Dressing  Bureau,  Thompson  &  Coleman,  (T.  H.  Shaw,  Cincinnati,)  premium. 
Wardrobe,  Thompson  &  Coleman,  (T.  H.  Shaw,  Cincinnati,)  premium. 
Set  of  Chairs,  John  T.  Edmonds,  premium. 
Sofa,  Thompson  &  Coleman,  premium;  J.  T.  Edmonds,  certificate- 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  Long  Wooled,  B  K.  Tully,  premium. 
Best  Ewe,  B.  K.  Tully,. premium. 
Best  Middle  Wooled  Buck,  Ben.  Berry,  premium. 
Best  Middle  Wooled  Ewe,  Ben.  Berry,  premium. 
Best  Fine  Wooled  Buck,  R.  W.  Henry,  premium. 
Best  Fine  Wooled  Ewe,  R.  W.  Henry,  premium. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  A.  Julian  Brown,  premium;  James  F.  Buckner,  certificate. 
Best  Sow,  J.  S.  Fisher,  premium;  W.  G.  Smoot,  certificate. 
Best  pair  Pigs,  J.  D.  Crafton,  premium;  J.  S.  Fisher,  certificate. 
Fat  Hog,  W.  D.  Lander,  premium;  T.  B.  Mason,  certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Aged  Bull,  Isaac  Lewis  premium. 

Bull,  three  and  under  four  years,  E.  0.  Hawkins,  premium. 

Bull,  two  and  under  three  years,  R.  G.  Henry,  premium. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  W.  O.  McGarvey,  premium;  E.  0.  Hawkins,  certificate. 

Sucking  Calf,  E.  0.  Hawkins,  premium;  Lewis  &  Jackson,  certificate. 

Aged  Cow,  Sallie  Jackson,  James  S.  Jackson,  premium;  R.  G.  Henry,  certificate. 

Cow,  three  years  and  under  four,  Isaac  Lewis,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  Daniel  C.  Herndon,  premium. 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  DaDiel  C.  Herndon,  premium;  Isaac  Lewis,  certificate 

Heifer  Calf,  R.  G.  Henry,  premium;  E  0.  Hawkins,  certificate. 

Herd  of  Devon  Cattle,  Charles  Merriweather,  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  J.  E.  Jessup,  premium;  J.  McComb,  certificate. 

Milch  Cow,  J.  Lewis,  premium. 

Fat  Bullock,  J.  Lewis,  premium. 

Lot  of  four  Beef  Cattle,  J.  Lewis,  premium. 

JACKS     AND    JENNETS. 

Aged  Jack,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium;  S.  A.  Holland,  certificate. 

Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Col.  Y.  N.  Douglass,  premium;  Isaac  Lewis,  certificate 
Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two,  W.  C.  D.,  premium ;  Isaac  N.  Hinkle,  certificate. 
Jack,  sucking  Colt,  J.  P.  Tully,  premium;  Wash.  Kendall,  certificate. 

Jennet  over  three  years,  J.  P.  Tully,  premium; Stoner,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  R.  C.  Boiling,  premium- 
Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  P.  B.  Stoner,  premium. 
Sucking  Colt,  J.  P.  Tully,  premium;  P.  B.  Stoner,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  357 

MULES,  AC. 

Aged  Mule,  E.  R.  Farrar,  premium;  Jarret  Crabb,  certificate. 

Mule,  three  years  and  under  four,  E.  Bacon,  premium;  J.  McComb,  certificate. 

Mule,  two  years  and  under  three,  E.  Bacon,  premium  and  certificate. 

Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  T.  B.  Mason,  premium;  B.  K.  Tully,  certificate. 

Sucking  Mule,  John  H.  Langley,  Hopkins  county,  premium;  B.  K.  Tully,  certificate. 

Best  pair  Mules  in  harness,  J.  Crabb,  premium. 

Lot  of  five  Mules,  any  age,  E.  Bacon,  premium;  J.  Crabb,  certificate. 

Cashmere  Goats,  Col.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  premium. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Aged  Stallion,  Wilie  Taylor,  premium;  Chas.  N.  Merriweather,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  Chas.  N.  Merriweather,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  Ben.  Berry,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  Wilie  Taylor,  premium;  Ben.  Berry,  certificate. 

Stallion,  sucking  colt,  Henry  B.  Tully,  premium;  Wilie  Taylor,  certificate. 

Aged  Mare,  Wilie  Taylor,  premium;  Thomas  Green,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  Wilie  Taylor,  premium;  E.  Bacon,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  Thos.  Green,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  Daniel  C.  Herndon,  Logan,  premium. 

Mare,  sucking  colt,  Wilie  Taylor,  premium;  Julian  Brown,  certificate. 

Driving  in  single  or  double  harness,  Dr.  J.  H.  Jackson,  premium;  E.  P.  Barbour,  certificate. 

DRAFT  STOCK. 

Aged  Draft  Stallion,  W.  B.  Mason,  premium;  L.  L.  Johnson,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  Billy  Kay,  premium;  R.  G.  Grinter,  certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  aged,  E.  S.  Edmunds,  premium;  J.  McComb,  certificate. 

Draft  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  J.  H.  Dulin,  premium;  Robt.  Chilton,  certificate. 

Draft  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  John  Wood,  premium. 

Draft  Gelding,  J.  W.  Boyd,  premium  and  certificate. 

SADDLE    STOCK. 

Saddle  Stallion,  aged,  George  T.  Blakey,  of  Logan,  premium;  Jas.  M.  Tillman,  certificate. 

Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  C.  Glass,  premium. 

Saddle  Stallion,  twTo  years  and  under  three,  J.  H.  Wood,  premium. 

Saddle  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  O'Donnelly,  premium. 

Saddle  Mare,  aged,  J.  N.  Cloud,  premium;  John  Fox,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  Ben.  Berry,  premium. 

Saddle  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  R.  C.  Jackson,  premium. 

Saddle  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  John  Gray,  Jr.,  premium;  Robert  Barnett,  certificate. 

Sucking  Celt,  A.  Julien  Brown,  premium;  Wiley  Taylor,  certificate. 

Geldiug,  Saddle,  Dr.  S.  S.  Porter,  premium;  Jas.  S.  Parish,  certificate. 

HARNESS    STOCK. 

Aged  Stallion,  J.  K.  Smith,  premium;  Fox  &  Stacker,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  G.  B  Long,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  J.  Yost,  of  Logan,  premium;  J.  S.   Fisher,   certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  S.  Lander,  premium. 

Sucking  Colt,  0    R.  Baker,  premium;  J.  T.  C.  Moore,  certificate. 

Aged  Mare,  Wm.  A.  Shepherd,  premium;  J.  T.  C.  Moore,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  W.  G.  Smoot,  premium;  G.  B.  Long, certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  P.  Gibson,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  Jos.  Hiler,  premium. 

Sucking  Colt,  J.  VV.  Malone,  premium. 

Gelding,  in  single  harness,  J.  W.  Breathitt,  premium;  A.  Julien  Brown,  certificate. 

Geldings,  pair  in  harness,  Samuel  Byron,  premium;  J.  S.  Phelps,  certificate. 

Riding  Club,  best  rider,  A.  Julien  Brown,  premium;  T.  B.  Leonard,  certificate. 


358  REPORT  OF  THE 

CLARKE  COUNTY  STOCK  SOCIETY. 
Officers  of  the  Society.  William  R.  Duncan,  President;  W.  R.  Estill,  of  Fayette,  Nel- 
son Prewitt,  of  Montgomery,  Harrison  Thompson,  of  Clarke,  Jeremiah  Duncan,  of  Bourbon, 
and  Waller  Chenault,  of  Madison,  Vice  Presidents;  Robert  N.  Winn,  Treasurer;  Wm.  H. 
Winn,  Recording  Secretary;  John  A.  Williams,  Corresponding  Secretary;  Thomas  H.  Moore, 
General  Superintendent;  Charles  Lindsay,  Marshal;  John  Clinkenbeard,  C.  A.  Preston,  James 
Hodgkin,  Daniel  Smith,  John  GofF,  Thomas  W.  Lewis,  J.  N.  Winn,  Charles  Capps,  and  David 
Sutherland,  Directors. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  CLARKE   COUNTY  STOCK  SOCIETY. 
FIRST  DAY. 

BLOODED    CATTLE. 

(Known  as  Breeders.) 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  upward, $  10  00 

Best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  - 10  00 

Best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         8  00 

Best  Bull  Calf,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         8  00 

Best  Cow,  under  one  year  old,    -         -         -         - 8  00 

Judges — Nelson  Dudley,  of  Fayette;  Geo.  M.  Bedford,  of  Bourbon;  Abram  Renick,  of 
Clarke;  R.  S.Taylor,  of  Clarke;  Jas.  Stone,  of  Madison;  James  Bean,  of  Montgomery;  Wm. 
Warfield,  of  Fayette. 

OPEN  RING  FOR  ALL  AGES  AND  KINDS. 

Best  Bull, 15  00 

Best  Cow, 15  00 

Best  Bull  and  Cow, 15  00 

Judges — R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford;  Dr.  S.  D.  Martin,  of  Clarke;  Edwin  G.  Bedford, 
of  Bourbon;  Jas.  G.  Kinnaird,  of  Fayette;  Wm.  Price,  of  Clarke;  Wm.  Chenault,  of  Madi- 
son; E.  Fisher,  of  Boyle. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upward,     -         -         - 10  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Free  Martin,  spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  of  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Pair  of  Oxen,  for  work,  three  years  old  and  upward,  -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Best  Pair  of  Oxen,  for  work,  under  three  years, 8  00 

Judges — Thos.  Hughes,  of  Fayette;  Joseph  Chenault,  of  Madison;  Joseph  Scott,  of  Bourbon; 
Asa  Bean,  of  Clarke;  Samuel  Carrington,  of  Montgomery;  S.  P.  Humphreys,  of  Woodford; 
Wm.  Garner,  of  Clarke. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Long  Wool, 5  00 

Best  Buck,  one  year  old  and  under  two,      ---------  5  00 

Best  Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upward,  LoDg  Wool, 5  00 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Buck,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Middle  Wool,           ...         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  Buck,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Middle  Wool, 5  00 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,      -         - 5  00 

Best  Buck,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Fine  Wool, 5  00 

Best  Buck,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Fine  Wool,       -------  5  00 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -- 5  00 

Best  Pair  Lambs,  of  any  grade, 5  00 

Five  Best  Fat  Sheep,  of  any  grade, 5  00 

Judges — Robt.  W.  Scott,  of  Franklin;  James  Foley,  of  Fayette;  Thos.  J.  Grimes,  of  Bour- 
bon; Jas.  H.  G.  Bush,  of  Clarke;  H.  M.  H.Taylor,  of  Clarke;  J.  W.  Mcllvaine,  of  Woodford; 
Richard  Green,  of  Montgomery. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  359 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  two  years  old  and  upwards,        -                  5  00 

Best  Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Sow,  two  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Best  Sow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Pair  Pigs,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Best  Sow,  and  litter  of  Pigs, 5  00 

Five  best  Fat  Hogs, 5  00 

Judges — Col.  Jas.  McKee,  Montgomery;  John  Hildreth,  of  Bourbon;  Samuel  Chorn,  of 
Clarke;  Jas.  H.  French,  of  Montgomery;  J.  M.  Daniel,  of  Clarke;  C.  Campbell,  of  Madison; 
Harry  Moore,  of  Estill. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  year3  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       - 8  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,  known  as  a  breeder, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           - 10  00 

Best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Judges — Chilton  Allan,  of  Clarke;  John  Cunningham,  Sr.,  of  Bourbon;  John  Hutchcraft, 
of  Woodford;  Capt.  A.  Buford,  of  Woodford;  James  A.  Grinstead,  of  Fayette;  Thomas  H. 
Embry,  of  Madison;  George  Bean,  of  Montgomery. 

JACK    STOCK. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Best  Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  und  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Jack  Colt  under  one  year  old,             - 8  00 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upward,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,            ........  8  00 

Best  Jennet  under  one  year  old,          -         -         -         -         -         -.'••-         -         -         -  8  00 

Judges — John  F.  Payne,  of  Scott;  Benjamin  F.  Bedford,  of  Bourbon;  W.  Halley  Smith,  of 
Montgomery;  B.  B.  Groom,  of  Clarke;  Jacob  Embry,  of  Fayette;  Isaac  Walker,  of  Madi- 
son; Tandy  Quisenberry,  of  Clarke. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Jack,  of  any  age, 15  00 

Best  Jennet,  of  any  age, 15  00 

Judges — Charle3  Lindsey,  of  Clarke;  Capt.  James  Howard,  of  Montgomery;  Silas  Evans, 
of  Fayette;  Johnson  Young,  of  Bath;  A.  Wilson,  of  Bourbon;  Milo  Baxter,  of  Madison; 
Roger  Jones,  of  Clarke. 

MULES. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Horse  Mule  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward,       -         -         - 10  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Mare  Mule  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Best  Pair  Horse  Mules  in  Harness, 10  00 

Best  Pair  Mare  Mules,  in  Harness, 10  00 

Best  Single  Horse  Mule  in  Harness, 8  00 

Best  Single  Mare  Mule  in  Harness, 8  00 

Five  best  Fat  Mules, 10  00 

Best  Team,  six  Mules  to  wagon, 10  00 

Judges — William  L.  Sudduth,  of  Bath;  Lewis  Castleman,  of  Fayette;  Thomas  Johnson,  of 
Montgomery;  George  Shanklin,  of  Jessamine;  R.  H.  Lindsay,  of  Bourbon;  A.  J.  Taul,  of 
Clarke,  R.  G.  Bush,  of  Clarke. 

THIRD  DAY. 

HARNESS    AND    SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  for  Harness, -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  for  harness, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  harness,            -         -         -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  for  harness,     ------  8  00 


360  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Best  IVLire,  four  years  old  and  upward,  (a  breeder)  for  harness,  -         -         -         -       10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         - 10  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         8  00 

Best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Judges — B.  J.  Peters,  of  Montgomery;  David  Irvine,  of  Madison;  Parker  Craig,  of  Fay- 
ette; Benjamin  Hieronymus,  of  Clarke;  James  Blythe,  of  Madison;  Robert  Scott,  of 
Clarke;  John  Spencer,  of  Clarke. 

Best  Gelding  in  Harness,  four  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Best  Gelding  in  Harness,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Best  Gelding  in  Harness,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Best  Mare  in  Harness, 10  00 

Best  Pair  Horses,  in  Harness,  10  00 

Best  Pair  Mares,  in  Harness, 10  00 

Judges — O.  P.  Beard,  of  Lexington;  Wm.  Hood,  of  Garrard;  Dr.  R.  Underwood,  of  Paris; 
Richard  J.  White,  of  Madison;  Wm.  Ragland,  of  Bath;  Charles  Howerton,  of  Bourbon; 
Daniel  Scott,  of  Winchester. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, -         ■         -       10  00 

Best  Stallion  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,    ---------         8  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  vear  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Stillion  Colt,*  8  00 

Best  Brood  Mare,  four  years  and  upwards,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       18  00 

Best  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,    -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  ----------8  00 

Best  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year,         -         -         -         -         -'-         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Judges — Dr.  J.  R.  Desha,  of  Lexington;  Campbell  Willmore,  of  Jessamine;  David  Hatha 
way,  of  Montgomery;  James  H.  G.  Bush,  of  Clarke;  Joseph  Graves,  of  Fayette;  Hub.  Buck- 
ner,  of  Kenton;  W.  D.  Sutherland,  of  Clarke. 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  and  upwards, -       10  00 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  -  - 10  00 

Best  Gelding,  two  ve-ars  and  under  three,  ---------         8  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare," 10  00 

Judges— Dr.  E.  L.  Dudley,  of  Lexington;  Ed.  P.  Gaines,  of  Scott;  Dr.  Wm.  H.  Cunning- 
ham, of  Winchester;  Noah  Ferguson,  of  Fayette;  Dr.  L.  M.  Buford,  of  Mt.  Sterling;  Garrett 
Elkin,  of  Garrard;  Enoch  Elkin,  of  Clarke. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion,  any  age, ....-.-       15  00 

Best  Mare,  any  age, 15  00 

Best  Gelding,  any  age,       ------------       15  00 

Judges — G.  Drummond  Hunt,  of  Fayette,  David  Howell,  of  Montgomery;  Vol.  Hildreth,  of 
Bourbon;  Col.  John  S.  Williams,  of  Illinois;  Thomas  Darnaby,  of  Fayette;  Thomas  H.Robin  - 
eon,  of  Clarke;  J.  A.  Jackson,  Esq.,  of  Winchester. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

1.  The  exhibition  will  take  place  each  day  at  9  o'clock,  A.  M.,  at  which  time  all  entries 
must  be  made. 

2.  The  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  President,  at  his  office,  on  the  day 
on  which  they  are  to  act,  at  as  early  an  hour  as  possible. 

3.  All  premiums  will  be  paid  in  Silver  Plate. 

4.  No  animal  shall  compete  for  more  than  one  premium,  except  in  the  Sweepstakes. 

5.  All  persons  that  have  paid,  or  upon  paying  $5  to  the  Society,  shall  be  considered  as  mem- 
bers thereof;  and  shall  be  entitled  to  exhibit  any  Stock  they  may  have,  and  have  the  privilege 
of  entering  the  grounds  with  their  families  (under  age)  free  of  charge. 

6.  Any  person  wishing  to  exhibit  Stock,  who  is  not  a  member  of  this  Society,  shall  have  the 
privilege  of  so  doing  by  paying  to  the  Treasurer  $3,  as  an  entrance  fee. 

7.  No  person  shall  exhibit  Stock  except  the  owner  thereof. 

8.  Wesolict  competition  from  all  quarters.  Premium  Stock  exhibited  in  this  county  in 
the  year  1856  not  excluded. 

9.  Sales  at  Auction  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  may  desire  to  dispose  of  Stock,  will  be  made 
each  day  in  the  Amphitheatre,  during  the  recess  for  dinner. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  BY  THE  CLARKE  COUNTY  STOCK  SOCIETY. 

FIRST  DAY. 

BLOODED  CATTLE,  KNOWN  AS  BREEDERS. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  McMillan  &  Campbell,  of  Nicholas,  premium;  Asa  Bean, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Richard  Linsey,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  Henry  W.  Calmes, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Benj.  F.  Vanmeter,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Benj.  P.  Goff,  of 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Calf,  under  one  year  old,  Wm.  R.Duncan,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Abram  Vanmeter,  of 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  Solomon  Vanmeter,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Ben.  F. 
Vanmeter,  of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  John  H.  Moore,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Wm.  Warfield,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Solomon  Vanmeter,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Ben.  F. 
Vanmeter,  of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  William  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Thomas  C.  Vanmeter,  of 
Clarke,  certificate. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    ALL    AGES    AND    KINDS. 

Best  Bull,  McMillen  &.  Campbell,  Nicholas,  premium;  Benjamin  F.  Vanmeter,  Clarke,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Cow,  Benjamin  F.  Vanmeter,  Clarke,  premium,  Benjamin  P.  Goff,  Clarke,  certificate. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  one  entry,  Wm.  D.  Sutherland,  Clarke,  pre- 
mium. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  one  entry,  Wm.  R.  Estill,  Fayette,  premium. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  William  R.  Estill,  Fayette,  premium;  Thomas  G.  Sudduth, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  William  Muir,  Fayette,  promium;  H.  W.  Rice,  Bourbon,  cer- 
tificate. 

Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer,  or  Cow,  any  age,  Wm.  R.  Estill,  Fayette,  premium;  Thomas 
Goff,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Pair  Oxen,  for  work,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  Benj.  Sudduth,  Boone,  premium;  John 
Clinkenbeard,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Oxen,  under  three  years  old,  Asa  Bean,  Clarke,  premium;  William  D.  Sutherland, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  long  wool,  one  entry,  Robert  McMillan,  Bourbon, 
premium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  McDonald  &  Smith,  Clarke,  premium. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  long  wodI,  one   entry,  Heury  Rice,    Bourbon,  premium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Robert  McMillan,  Bourbon,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buck,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  middle  wool,  one  entry,  Wm.  D.  Sutherland,  Clarke,  pre- 
mium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Henry  Hedge,  Bourbon,  premium. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  middle  wool,  Wm.  D.  Sutherland,  Clarke,  premium;  Jas. 
H.  G.  Bush,  Clarke,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Wm.  D.  Sutherland,  Clarke,  premium;  Thomas  C.  Vanmeter, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Buck,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  middle  wool,  one  entry,  Washington  Miller,  Clarke,  pre- 
mium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Washington  Miller,  Clarke,  premium. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  fine  wool,  one  entry,  Washington  Miller,  Clarke,  pre- 
mium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Washington  Miller,  Clarke,  premium. 

Best  pair  Lambs,  any  grade,  McDonald  &  Smith,  Clarke,  premium;  Roger  G.  Quisenberry, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Five  best  Fat  Sheep,  Benj.  Sudduth,  Boone,  premium;  Thoma3  C.  Vanmeter,  Clarke,  cer- 
tificate. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  Abraham  Vanmeter,  Jr.,  Clarke,  premium;  James  Gay, 
Sr.,  Clarke,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  John  V.  Grigsby,  Clarke,  premium. 

Sow,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  Jas.  H.  G.  Bush,  Clarke,  premium;  A.  H.  Weaver,  Clarke, 
certificate. 


362  REPORT  OF  THE 

Sow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Thos.  H.  Moore,  Clarke,  premium. 
Pair  of  Pigs,  under  one  year  old,  Jas.  Gay,  Sr.,  Clarke,  premium;  John  B.  Foster,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Sow  and  Litter  of  Pigs,  Jas.  H.  G.  Bush,  Clarke,  premium;  A.  H.  Weaver, certificate. 
Five  best  Fat  Hogs,  John  B.  Foster,  Clarke,  premium;  Lewis  Adams,  Clarke,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,  Jas.  T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  premium;  Joseph  Hall, 
Bourbon,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Thos.  W.  Lewis,  Clarke,  premium;  John  E.  Gordon,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Wm.  H.  Nelson,  Montgomery,  premium;  John  E.  Lisle,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  Thomas  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium;  Noah  Ferguson,  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Mare  three  years  old  and  upwards,  Wm.  H.  Nelson,  Clarke,  premium;  G.  D.  Hunt, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Harrison  Thomson,  Clarke,  premium;  John  E.  Lisle,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  Dr.  L.  Herr,  Lexington,  premium;  John  E.  Lisle,  Clarke,  cer- 
tificate. 

Colt,  under  one  year  old,  Wm.  H.  Broughton,  Clarke,  premium;  E.  M.  Todhunter,  Fayette, 
certificate. 

JACK    STOCK. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  John  Larrimore,  Madison,  premium;  Geo.  A.  Bean, 
Montgomery,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  one  entry,  Daniel  Talbott,  Bourbon,  premium. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  S.  D.  Talbott,  Bourbon,  premium;  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  A.  F.  Eastin,  Fayette,  premium;  John  Williams,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  Harrison  Thomson,  Clarke,  premium;  Joseph 
Graves,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Dudley  Tribble,  Madison,  premium;  Samuel  H.  Talbott, 
Bourbon,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  James  Hutchcraft,  Bourbon,  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  Wm.  Geldell,  Clarke,  premium;  Wm.  Hays,  Fayette,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Jack,  any  age,  S.  D.  Talbott,  Bourbon,  premium;  John  Larrimore,  Madison,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Jennet,  any  age,  Dudley  Tribble,  Madison,  premium;  S.  D.  Talbott,  Bourbon,  certifi- 
cate. 

MULES. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  Harvey  W.  Rice,  Bourbon,  premium;  Harri- 
son Thomson,  Clarke,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  no  entry. 

Under  one  year  old,  Wm.  Muir,  Fayette,  premium;  Dory  Veal,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards,  Wm.  R.Estill,  Fayette,  premium;  Waller  Chenault, 
Madison,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  W.  T.  Calmes,  Fayette,  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  Wm.  R.  Estill,  Fayette,  premium;  Wm.  G.  Hedges,  Harrison,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  pair  Horse  Mules  in  harness,  no  entry. 

Best  pair  Mare  Mules  in  harness,  one  entry,  James  P.  Gay,  Clarke,  premium. 

Single  Horse  Mule  in  harness,  no  entry. 

Single  Mare  Mule  in  harness,  Fielding  Bush,  Clarke,  premium;  Wm.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

V  THIRD  DAY. 

SADDLE    AND    HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  for  harness,  John  E.  Darnaby,  Fayette,  premium; 
John  D.  Smith,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  for  harness,  John  Larrimore,  of  Clarke,  premium;  James 
T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  363 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  harness,  James  Henderson,  Fayette,  premium;  Franc'13 
Darnaby,  Fayette,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  for  harness,  William  Richardson,  Fayette,  premium;  John  K 
Hildreth,  iSourbon,  certificate. 

Colt,  under  one  year  old,  for  harness,  James  C.  Montague,  Fayette,  premium;  G.  Drum 
mond  Hunt,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  (a  breeder)  for  harness,  R.  T.  Downing,  Fayette 
premium;  William  Higgins,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  Thomas  Coons,  Fayette,  premium;  William  Abbott,  Scott 
certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Ben.  T.  Crim,  Clarke,  premium;  Chas.  S.  Locknane,  Clarke 
certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  H.  S.  Parker,  Fayette,  premium;  John  H.  Moore,  Clarke,  cer 
tificate. 

Colt,  under  one  year  old,  H.  S.  Parker,  Fayette,  premium;  Isaac  Stepp,  Clarke,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward,  in  harness,  Reuben  Hunt,  Clarke,  premium;  Jas 
T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  J.  W.  Cromwell,  Fayette,  premium;  J.  A.  Eastin,  Fay 
ette,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Robert  Nutter,  Fayette,  premium;  William  Cole,  Clarke 
certificate. 

Mare,  in  Harness,  Drummond  Hunt,  Fayette,  premium;  R.  Pepper,  Woodford,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  pair  horses  in  harness,  Marcus  Downing,  Fayette,  premium;  Jonn  F.  Payne,  Scott 
certificate. 

Best  pair  Mares  in  harness — no  entry. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  for  saddle,  E.  P.  Gaines,  Fayette,  premium;  Samuel 
Talbott,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  for  saddle,  John  F.  Payne,  Scott,  premium;  William  F. 
Rose,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  saddle,  Harvey  Kerr,  Bourbon,  premium;  Samuel  C. 
Frazer,  Harrison,  certificate. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  for  saddle,  W.  V.  Cromwell,  Fayette,  premium;  J.  A.  &  R. 
M.  Rice,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Colt,  under  one  year  old,  for  saddle,  James  Stepp,  Clarke,  premium;  William  R.  Duncan, 
certificate. 

Brood  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  for  saddle,  R.  P.  Pepper,  Woodford,  premium; 
Noah  Ferguson,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  for  saddle,  James  T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  premium; 
Thomas  W.  Lewis,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  saddle,  Hervey  Kerr,  Bourbon,  premium;  William 
Metcalfe,  Nicholas,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  for  saddle,  E.  P.  Gaines,  Fayette,  premium;  Samuel  T. 
Martin,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  for  saddle,  Ben.  P.  Goff,  Clarke,  premium;  Ben.  Sudduth, 
Boone,  certificate. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward,  for  saddle,  Roy  Cluke,  Bourbon,  premium;  Ben.  T, 
Vivion,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  for  saddle,  Logan  Railey,  Woodford,  premium;  F.  B. 
Quisenberry,  Clarke,  certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  H.  Hedges,  Bourbon,  premium;  W.  M.  Broughton,  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  Logan  Railey,  Woodford,  premium;  John  F.  Payne,  Scott,  certifi- 
cate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion,  any  age,  John  E.  Darnaby,  Fayette,  premium;  John  D.  Smith,  Clarke,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Mare,  any  age,  G.  Drummond  Hunt,  Fayette,  premium;  Richard  Downing,  Fayette, 
certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  any  age,  Robert  Prewitt,  Fayette,  premium. 


364  REPORT  OF  THE 

CRAB  ORCHARD  STOCK,  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Crab  Orchard,  January  6,  1858. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Esq.  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — There  was  handed  me,  by  H.  W.  Farris,  a  letter   from  you,  as  Corres 
ponding  Secretary  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  requesting  me,  or  some  other 
officer  of  the  Crab  Orchard  Stock,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  to  give  you  the 
rise  and  progress  of  said  Association. 

I  am  not  as  familiar  with  its  history  as  I  should  be  to  give  you  such  information  as  the  pub- 
lic desire  at  my  hands.  The  Association  was  organized  in  the  year  1853,  and  held  a  Fair 
near  where  the  Fair  Grounds  are  now  situate,  without  any  particular  rule3  or  regulations, 
though  the  Association  appointed  committees  upon  the  different  classes  of  animals,  and  other 
articles  for  exhibition,  to  award  premiums  upon  the  best  and  finest  of  the  different  classes  of 
animals  and  other  articles  exhibited. 

The  Society  then  determined  to  buy  ground  and  have  a  permanent  place  for  exhibition  of 
Stock  and  Agricultural  Implements,  &c.  In  1S53  and  1854,  the  Society  appointed  a  commit- 
tee to  solicit  stock,  which  was  done,  for  the  purpose  of  buying  suitable  grounds  and  rearing 
an  amphitheatre,  with  a  neat  cottage  for  the  accommodation  of  females.  We  now  have  eight 
or  ten  acres  neatly  inclosed  with  a  plank  fence,  with  two  entrances.  The  grounds  are  grassed 
and  set  out  with  forest  trees,  with  a  splendid  Chalybeate  Spring,  affording  water  sufficient  for 
any  number  of  visitors,  and  whatever  stock  may  be  brought  upon  the  grounds.  The  grounds 
are  situate  about  half  a  mile  east  of  Crab  Orchard,  adjoining  the  Race  Course  owned  by  H. 
W.  Farris,  Esq. 

The  officers  for  the  year  ending  1857,  are  as  follows:  Gabriel  Lackey,  President;  F.  Denny, 
of  Garrard,  B.  Goggin,  of  Pulaski,  James  Blythe,  of  Madison,  N.  Lee,  of  Boyle,  E.  Penning- 
ton, of  Lincoln,  Vice-Presidents;  Hiram  Roberts,  Secretary;  Harvey  McAllister,  Treasurer; 
M.  V.  Smith,  H.  P.  Middleton,  Timothy  Pennington,  John  Owsley,  S.  0.  Middleton,  R.  R. 
Gentry,  H.  W.  Farris,  J.  Guest,  of  Lincoln,  and  J.  W.  Walker  and  Geo.  W.  Denny,  of  Gar- 
rard, Directors. 

We  gave  out,  in  Silver  Plate,  about  Seven  Hundred  Dollars.  The  amount  of  gate  fees  ex- 
ceeded the  amount  laid  out  for  premiums  at  our  last  Fair. 

You  desire  to  know  the  amount  of  good  resulting  from  our  efforts,  as  an  Agricultural  So- 
ciety, in  this  end  of  the  State.     I  give  it  as   my  opinion,  that  the  Society  has  been  the  means 
of  stirring  up  our  farmers  upon  the  subject  of  improving  their  breeds  of  horses,  mules,  cattle, 
hogs,  and  sheep — so  much  so,  that  I  think  the  country  has  been  compensated  for  all   the  trou 
ble  and  expense  they  have  been  at. 

I,|would  here  remark,  that  the  Crab  Orchard  Fair  Grounds  are  as  easy  of  access  as  any 
Fair  Grounds  in  the  State.  We  have  a  McAdamized  road  from  Lexington  to  Crab  Orchard, 
and  one  from  Louisville  to  Crab  Orchard;  and,  in  addition  to  the  roads,  we  have  one  of  the 
best  Watering  Places  in  the  United  States.  We  have  four  large  Hotels  iu  the  town  of  Crab 
Orchard,  besides  the  room  at  the  Springs,  where,  I  have  no  doubt,  five  hundred  persons  can 
be  comfortably  stored  away. 

Iu  conclusion,  I  beg  of  you  to  excuse  me  for  having  given  you  such  an  imperfect  sketch  of 
the  rise  and  progress  of  our  Agricultural  Society  at  Crab  Orchard,  Lincoln  county,  Kentucky. 
I  remain  yours  truly,  &c,  HIRAM  ROBERTS,  Secretary. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  CRAB  ORCHARD  STOCK,  AGRICULTURAL  AND  ME- 
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'  manufactures. 

Silk  Quilt,  best,  shown  by  maker,     ------  -         -  $  10  00 

Worsted  Quilt,  best,  shown  by  maker, '    -  5  00 

Cotton  Quilt,  best,  shown  by  maker, -  5  00 

Pair  of  Blankets,  best,  shown  by  maker, 5  00 

Plaid  Linsey,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  ODD 

Plain  Linsey,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards,         -         - 3  00 

Fine  Jeans,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 5  00 

Negro  Jeans,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards,         .......  5  00 

White  Flannel,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yard3. -  5  00 

Tow  Linen,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards,           .......  3  00 

Flax  Linen,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 3  00 

Yarn  Carpet,  best,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 5  00 

Pair  of  Hose, 1  00 

Judges — J.  M.  Portman,  Stanford;  Delaney  Lackey,  Paint   Lick;   J.  Cook,    Hustonville;  J. 
M.  Nichols,  Danville;  VV.  H.  Kinnaird,  Lancaster. 

TAILORING. 

Gents'  Coat,  made  and  pressed  by  a  lady,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -  $  5  00 

Gents'  Coat,  made  and  pressed  by  a  tailor, 5  00 

Judges. — A.  W.  Barker,  Boyle;  S.  Hardin,  Crab  Orchard;   Daniel   Stagg,  Mercer;  Thoma3 
Parsons,  Stanford;  \V.  Matheny,  Lexington. 

HARNESS    AND    SADDLERY. 

Set  Single  Harness,             -                  $  5  00 

Gents'  Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Judges. — H.  Brown,  Lancaster;  F.  S.  Kauffman,  Hustonville;  S.  P.  Barbee,  Danville. 

LEATHER. 

Side  Upper  Leather, -  $  2  00 

Side  Sole  Leather,     ----.. -  2  00 

Side  Harness  Leather, 2  00 

Judges. — W.  L.  Rains,  Boyle;  Jackson  Givens,  Lincoln;  Jenkins  Vicory,  Somerset. 

BOOTS    AND   SHOES. 

Gents'  Fine  Boots, $  5  00 

Ladies'  Fine  Boots,  ------------  2  50 

Judges. — N.  Sandifer,  Lancaster;  F.  P.  Whitcher,  Danville;  A.  F.  Horine,  Crab   Orchard. 

dairy,  etc. 

Honey  in  the  comb, 2  00 

Butter  imprinted, 2  00 

Cheese, 2  00 

Boiled  Ham,  stating  process  of  curing, 2  00 

Saddle  Mutton,            - 2  00 

Loaf  Wheat  Bread, -  1  00 

Loaf  Corn  Bread, 1  00 

Irish  Potatoes,  half  bushel, 2  00 

Sweet  Potatoes,  half  bushel, 2  00 

Apples,  half  bushel, 1  00 

Cabbage  Heads,  half  dozen,       -----------  l  00 

Watermelon,      ------ 1  00 

Muskmelon, 1  00 

Judges— Dr.  J.  M.  Reid,  Paint  Lick;  Dr.  W.  C.  Montgomery,  Crab  Orchard;    B.  F.  Proctor, 
Lancaster;  T.  W.  Varnon,  Stanford;  Hugh  Hays,  Lincoln. 

agricultural  implements. 

Two  horse  Plow, 5  00 

One  horse  Plow,          - 3  00 

Shovel  Plow,      -         -         -         - 2  00 

Harrow,      -------                   2  00 

Grain  Cradle, 2  00 

Two  horse  Wagon, -  5  00 

Judges — Thomas   Baibee,   Danville;  H.  T.  Terril,  Garrard;  G.  W.  Collier,  Crab  Orchard; 
Thomas  Baughman,  Lincoln;  J.  R.  Woods,  Garrard. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HOGS 

Aged  Boar, 10  00 

Aged  Sow, 10  00 

Boar  Pig,  under  six  months  old, -----  5  00 

Sow  Pig,  under  six  months  old, 5  00 

Largest  and  best  fatted  Hog, 10  00 

Judges — R.  G.  Woods,  Garrard;    James  Styce,  Garrard;    Joseph  McAlister,  Lincoln;  Peter 
F.  Gentry,  Madison;  Martin  McFerran,  Boyle. 


$6Q 


REPORT  OF  THE 


SHEEP. 

Best  Buck, 5  00 

Best  Ewe, 5  00 

Pair  Lambs, -----  5  00 

Best  Shod  Horse, 2  50 

Judges — Geo.  T.  McRoberts,  Lincoln;  W.  Garnett,  Lincoln;  W.  I.   Gillespie,    Garrard;  B. 
Hawkins,  Lincoln;  G.  A.  Salter,  Garrard. 

CATTLE. 

Bull  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         -  10  00 

Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Bull  Calf,           -----                           .      ■ 10  00 

Cow  three  years  old  and  upwards,       - 10  00 

Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Heifer  Calf, -         -         -  10  00 

Judges— J.  W.  Walker,  Richmond;  R.  G.  White,  Madison:  N.  M.  Thompson,  Garrard;  T. 
W.  Varnon,  Lincoln;  R.  Givens,  Lincoln. 

FATTED  CATTLE  AND  OXEN. 

Fatted  Beef, 10  00 

Yoke  Oxen, 10  00 

Judges — J.  Burnsides  and  J.  Dunn,  Garrard;  Thomas    Lillard,    Boyle;  J.  Gentry  and  Evan 
Shelby,  Lincoln. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Cow  or  Heifer  of  any  age,          -                                             10  00 

Judges  to  be  selected  on  the  day  of  Exhibition. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,         - 10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Colt,  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards, -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         -  10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Colt  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Judges— J.  W .  Grigsby,  Lincoln;  Capt.  A.  Buford,  Woodford;  Wm.  Duke,  Boyle;  James  A. 
Grinstead,  Lexington;  Ben.  Jenkins,  Casey. 

HORSES  FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion  for  harness,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion  for  harness,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion  for  harness,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Stud  Colt, 10  00 

Brood  Mare  for  harness,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Brood  Mare  for  harness,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Brood  Mare  for  harness,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         - 10  00 

Brood  Mare  under  one  year  old, -         •  10  00 

Judges — Smith  Alford  and  A.  A.  Beasly,  Garrard;  John  Kendrick,  Pulaski;  J.  J.  Huffman, 
Lincoln;  W.  W.  Williams,  Madison. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    ALL    AGES. 

Best  and  finest  Stud, 10  00 

Best  and  finest  Mare, 10  00 

Judges— J.  R.  Viley,  Fayette;  J.  Embry,  Garrard;  E.  M.   Blackburn,  Woodford;  J.  Moore, 
Clarke,  and  W.  Cook,  Mercer. 

MULE    STOCK. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     -         -         -         - 10  00 

Sucking  Horse  Colt, 5  00 

Sucking  Mare  Colt, 5  00 

Pair  Mules, 10  00 

Judges— 5.  M.  Welsh,  Lincoln;  C.  Rochester,  Boyle;   Thomas  Hays,  Pulaski;   R.  Robinson, 
Garrard;  W.  Shumate,  Madison. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  367 

FOURTH  DAY. 

JACK  STOCK. 

Aged  Jack, 10  00 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,   -       10  00 

Jack  Colt, 10  00 

Aged  Jennet, 10  00 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -         -  10  00 

Jennet  Colt, 10  00 

Judges — Jas.  Harris,  Lincoln;  D.  A.  Knox,  Boyle;  J.  Y.  Leavell,  Garrard;  W.  J.  Walker, 
Madison;  Geo.  Drye,  Casey. 

SWEEPSTAKE  FREE  FOR  ALL    AGES. 

Best  Jack, 10  00 

Best  Jennet, 10  00 

Judges — S.  C.  Brown,  Springfield;  W.  I.  Moberly,  Mercer;  J.  Baughman,  Lincoln;  John 
Duncan,  Madison;  W.  L.  Tarkingtou,  Boyle. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Buf.gy  Horse  or  Mare, 10  00 

Pair  Harness  Horses  or  Mares, 10  00 

Saddle  Horse  or  Mare, 10  00 

Judges — Sam.  Rice,  Lincoln;  Jas.  Smith,  Garrard;  John  Hale,  Pulaski;  Dr.  A.  Thompson, 
Mercer;  Hon.  J.  F.  Bell,  Boyle. 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  Any  person  may  become  a  member  for  five  years,  by  payment  of  $20,  and  a  member  for 
one  year  by  the  payment  of  $5,  to  the  Secretary. 

2.  All  entries  for  exhibition  must  be  made  with  the  Secretary,  before  10  o'clock,  A.  M., 
on  the  day  of  exhibition.  All  stock  or  articles  not  thus  entered  will  be  excluded  from  exhibi- 
tion. 

3.  All  stock  or  articles  brought  within  the  grounds,  will  be  subject  to  the  Marshal's  orders. 

4.  No  animal  or  article  exhibited,  shall  be  removed  from  the  grounds  until  the  close  of  that 
day's  exhibition,  unless  by  a  special  permit  from  the  Marshal. 

5.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  in  the  exhibition  ring  unless  well  broke  to  the  halter  and 
under  perfect  control  of  the  groom. 

6.  No  animal  or  article  shall  be  exhibited  by  any  other  than  the  real  owner  or  manufacturer, 
as  the  case  may  be. 

7.  No  animal  or  article  shall  receive  a  premium,  unless  thought  worthy  by  the  judges. 

8.  No  partnership  property  shall  be  exhibited,  without  all  the  owners  are  stockholders  or 
members,  and  no  individual  property  on  partnership  stock. 

9.  No  stock  or  article  shall  be  exhibited  by  the  owner  in  person,  except  the  harness  and  sad- 
dle horses. 

10.  All  exhibits  will  be  made  in  the  same  order  that  they  appear  in  the  printed  bills. 

11.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  except  the  President,  Vice  President,  Di- 
rectors, Secretary,  Marshals,  and  Judges.  The  Judges  will  retire  as  soon  as  their  awards  are 
made  known  to  the  Secretary. 

12.  No  person,  except  Officers  of  the  Association  and  acting  Judges,  will  be  permitted  to 
enter  offices  of  the  Association  during  exhibition  hours. 

13.  No  person  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  or  her  ownership  or  pedigree  of  stock, 
without  thereby  forfeiting  the  premium,  if  any  be  awarded. 

14.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  stand  hitched  to  a  vehicle  on  the  grounds. 

15.  All  spirituous  liquors  are  expressly  forbidden  to  be  sold  on  the  grounds,  or  within  a  half 
a  mile  thereof,  under  the  penalty  of  the  law,  as  provided  for  in  the  charter. 

16.  No  huckster  will  be  permitted  to  vend  refreshments  within  the  grounds,  without  first 
procuring  license  from  the  Secretary. 

17.  All  Officers  of  this  Association  will  wear  white  badges,  Marshals  red,  and  Judges  blue. 


3G8  REPORT  OF  THE 

18.  No  aged  animal  or  article,  having  at  any  previous  Fair  of  the  Association  taken  a  pre- 
mium, shall  compete  for  a  second,  unless  in  cases  of  sweepstakes. 

19.  All  vacancies  in  the  Judges  shall,  by  the  Secretary,  be  reported  to  the  Directors,  who 
will  supply  the  vacancies  by  appointment  of  others. 

20.  Judges  on  animals  are  expected  to  be  governed  by  the  form,  size,  action,  symmetry,  and 
adaptation  to  the  particular  sphere  in  which  the  animal  may  be  used. 

21.  Judges  on  Mechanical  and  Domestic  Manufactures  will  award  according  to  the  skill  ex- 
hibited in  the  execution,  and  the  adaptation  to  useful  purposes. 

22.  All  premiums  awarded  will  be  delivered  (in  ware)  by  the  Secretary,  at  the  close  of  the 
last  clay's  exhibition. 

23.  Stockholders  and  members  shall  supply  themselves  with  Tickets,  (which  can  be 
done  by  application  to  the  Secretary,)  and  upon  failure  so  to  do,  pay  at  the  gate;  and  money  so 
paid  shall  not  be  refunded. 

. 

PREMIUMS    AWARDED  AT   THE    CRAB    ORCHARD    STOCK,    AGRICULTURAL 
AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST,  DAY.    . 

ladies'  manufactures. 

Silk  Quilts,  two  entries,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Gurry,  Harrodsburg;  premium;  Mrs.  J.  Weisiger,  Dan- 
ville, certificate.  -       • 

Worsted  Quilt,  six  entries,  Miss'A.  Yantis, .Lancaster,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  S.  Stewart,  Jes- 
samine, certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  four  entries,  Miss  Bettie  Busket,  Nicholasville,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  J.  Elkin, 
Garrard,  certificate. 

Pair  Blankets,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Dr.  JossllnJTVIt.  .Vernon,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  Doty,  Gar- 
rard, certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Dr.  W.  W.  Owsley,  premium  and  certificate. 

Plain  Linsey,  two" entries,  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  Blythe,  Madi- 
son, certificate. 

Fine  Jeans,  four  entries,  Mrs.  I).  R.- Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  L.Caldwell, 
Boyle,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  six  entries,  Mrs.  A.  T.  Irvin,  Boyle,  premium;  Mrs.  D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

White  Flannel,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Owsley,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  Middleton, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Yarn  Carpet,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Roy  Stewart,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  Samuel  Hoomes, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

TAILORING. 

Coat  made  and  pressed  by  Gent,  one  entry,  S.  Harden,  Crab  Orchard,  premium. 
Coat  made  and  pressed  by  a  Lady,  three  entries,  Mis.   J.  H.  Yantis,    Lancaster,  premium; 
Miss  M.  Dougherty,  Crab  Orchard,  certificate. 

HARNESS    AND    SADDLERY. 

Single  Harness,  one  entry,  H.  Brown,  Lancaster,  premium  and  certificate. 

LEATHER. 

Side  Upper,  three  entries,  William  Beard,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  T.  Stephenson,  Crab 
Orchard,  certificate. 

Side  Sole,  three  entries,  W.  Beard,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  T.  Stephenson,  Crab  Orchard, 
certificate. 

Side  Harness,  three  entries,  W.  Beard,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  T.  Stephenson,  Crab  Or 
chard,  certificate. 

BOOTS    AND    SHOES. 

Gents'  fine  Boots,  two  entries,  N.  Sandifer,  Lancaster,  premium  and  certificate. 

dairy,  <tc. 
Honey  in  the  Comb,  one  entry,  A.  B.  Foley,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate 
Butter,  Imprinted,  one  entry,  Mrs.  M.Buchanan,  Crab  Orchard,  premium  aDd  certificate 
Cheese,  one  entry,  Mrs.  J.   Blythe,  Madison,  premium  and  certificate. 
Saddle  of  Mutton,  one  entry,  Hiram  Roberts,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 
Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Higgins,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  Bu- 
chanan, Crab  Orchard,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


369 


Irish  Potatoes,  four  entries,  Mrs.  S.  D.  Garpenter,  Garrard,  premium;  Mrs.  H.Roberts, Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

Cabbage,  half  dozen,  four  entries,  Mrs.  J.  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  Middle- 
ton,  Liucoln,  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Two  horse  Plow,  two  entries,  R.  J    Mars,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 
One  horse  Plow,  one  entry,  R.  J.  Mars,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 
Shovel  Plow,  one  entry,  R   J.  Mars,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 
Grain  Cradle,  one  entry,  Thos.  Buford,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 
Two  horse  Wagon,  two  entries,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  Cyuthiana,  premium;  G.  D;  &  J.  Smiley, 
Madison,  certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HOGS.  , 

Aged  Boar,  three  entries,  Uriah  Dunn,  Lincoln,  premium;  S.  D.  Carpenter,  Garrard,  certifi- 
cate. 

Aged  Sow,  three  entries,  A.  M.  Feland,  Lincoln,  premium:  Uriah  Dunn,  Lincoln,  certifi- 
cate. 

Boar  Pig,  three  entries,  Frank  Route,  Lincoln,  premium;  J.  M.  Welch,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Sow  Pig,  two  entries,  Spears  Fisher,  Lincoln,  premium;  J.  M.Welch,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Largest  and  best  fatted  Ho^,  three  entiies,  N-  J.  Shropshire,  premium  and  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  six  entries,  Ben.  &  Jesse  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium  and  certificate. 
Best  Ewe,  two  entries,  Ben.  &  Jesse  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium;  J.  Pepples,  Lincoln,  certifi- 
cate 

Pair  Lambs,  one  entry,  Ben  &  Jesse  Dunn,  Garrard,  premium  and  certificate. 
Best  Shod  Horse,  one  entry,  R.  J.  Mars,  Danville,  premium  and  certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Bull  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  James  McAllister,  Lincoln,  premium;  A.Pol- 
lard,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three,  one  entry,  R.  R.  Gentry,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  J.  M.  Welch,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Bull  Calf,  five  entries,  John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  M.  V.  Smith,  Liucoln,  certifi- 
cate. 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  Thos.  K.  Salter,  Garrard,  premium;  H.  T. 
Terrill,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  M.  V.  Smith,  Lincoln,  premium;  N.  J. 
Shropshire,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium. 

Heifer  Calf,  five  entries,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  M.  Garnett,  Liucoln,  cer- 
tificate. 

Fatted  Cattle  and  Oxen,  one  entry,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKE. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age,  seven  entries,  John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 
Best  Cow  or  Heifer  of  any  age,  six  entries,  N.  J.  Shropshire,  Garrard,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED  HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  one  entry,  II.  W.  Farris,  Crab  Orchard,  premium  and 
certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  four  entries,  A.  W.  Kavanaugh,  Madison,  premium; 
W    W.  Owsley,  Liucoln,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  John  Kincaid,  Boyle,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Colt,  under  one  year  old,  three  entries,  W.  W.  Owsley,  Lincoln,  premium;  Harvey  Helm, 
Liucoln,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  five  entries,  II.  W.  Farris,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  Joseph  Weisiger,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  H.  W.  Farris,  Crab  Orchard,  pre- 
mium; J.  W.  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  W.  W.  Owsley,  Lincoln,  premium;  J. 
Warren  Grigsby,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare  Colt,  two  entries,  H.  W,  Farris,  Crab  Orchard,  premium;  Harvey  Helm,  Lin- 
coln, certificate. 

24 


370  REPORT  OF  THE 

HORSES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion  for  Harness,  two  entries,  Dennis  Nicholas,  Lincoln,  premium;  Thos.  K.  Salter, 
Garrard,    certificate. 

Stallion  for  Harness,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  James  Oldham,  Boyle, 
premium;  Nixon  Parmer,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Stallion  lor  Harness,  one  year  old  and  uuder  two,  two  entries,  Hiram  Roberts,  Lincoln,  pre- 
mium, Whip  Colt;  Wallace  Walker,  Lincoln,  certificate,  Highlander  Colt 

Stud  Colts  for  Harness,  fifteen  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  George  Denny,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Brood  Mare  for  Harness,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  two  entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  pre- 
mill  in ;  M.  Sandridge,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

Brood  Mares,  two  years  and  under  three,  eleven  entries,  George  Denny,  Garrard,  premium; 
A.  Burton.  Garrard,  certificate. 

Br  >od  Mares,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  Isaac  Shelby,  Fayette,  premium;  J. 
E.  Lee.  Boyle,  certificate.  . 

Borod  Mares,  under  one  year  old,  nine  entries,  E.  II.  Burnsides,  Garrard,  premium;  M.  San- 
dridge, Lincoln,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKE    FOR    ALL    AGES. 

Studs,  best  and  finest,  twelve  entries,  Dennis  Nicholas,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 
Mitre,  best  and   finest,  fifteen   entries,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Isaac  Shelby,  Fayette, 
certificate. 

MULE    STOCK. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  S.  F.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  E.  D.  Pennington, 
Lincoln,  certificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Joseph  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  E  D.  Pen- 
nington, Lincoln,  certificate. 

Sucking  Horse  Mule  Colts,  eight  entries,  J.  Peters,  Boyle,  premium;  A.  Beasley,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

Sucking  Mire  Mule  Colts,  twelve  entries,  A.  W.  Kavanaugh,  Garrard,  premium;  W.  S. 
Adams,  certificate. 

Pnir  Mules,  two  entries,  E.  L.  Davison,  Washington,  premium;  Alfred  Cohen,  Boyle,  cer- 
tificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

JACK  STOCK 

Aged  Jack,  five  entries.  J.  E   Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  D.  A.  Knox,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  uuder  three,  one  entry,  Rochester  &  Knox,  Danville,  premium  and 
certificate. 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  J.  M.  Owens,  Pulaski,  premium;  J.  E.  Leo, 
Bo\le.  certificate. 

jack  Colt,  one  entry,  W.  L.  Tarkington.  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 

Aged  Jennet,   one  entry,  Fred  Adams,  Garrard,  premium  and  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Willis  Thurman,  Lincoln,  premium;  W, 
L.  T.nkington,  Boyle,  certificate. 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  G.  M.  Proctor,  Bojle,  premium;  George 
Denny,  Garrard,  certificate. 

Jennet  Colts,  two  entries,  J.  S.  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  A.  W.  Kavanaugh,  Garrard, 
certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKE  FOR  ALL  AGES. 

Best  Jack,  six  entries,  J.  E   Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  VV.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  certificate. 
Be-t  Jennet,  seven  entries,  John  Baughman,  Lincoln,  premium;  W.  L.   Tarkington,  Boyle, 
certificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best  Bucrgy  Horse  or  Mare,  two  entries,  Junes  F.  Caldwell,  Boyle,  premium  and  certificate. 
P.iir  Harness  Horses,  one  entry.  Col.  T.  E    Ware,   South  Carolina,  premium  and  certificate. 
Best  Sad. lie  Horse  or   Mare,  ten  eti tries,  A.  H.  Davenport,  Boyle,   premium;  N.  T.    Lee, 
Boylv,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  371 

DAVIE3S  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  SOCIETY. 

Cotiage  Grove,  Daviess  County,  May,  1857. 
Robert  W.  Scott, 

Cor.  Secretary  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Sir — I  duly  received  your  esteemed  favor  of  the  l'Jih,  and  will  reply  to  a  part  of  it  more 
fully  than  your  letter  seems  to  require,  by  giving  a  condensed  statement  in  relation  to  the  ori- 
gin mid  progress  of  the  Daviess  County  A^rieultur.i1  and  Mechanical  Society.  This  I  do,  in 
fulfillment  of  a  promise  madey  ou  some  time  since,  and  because  I  believe  we  are  the  only  So- 
ciety of  a  similar  character  in  the  State  but  what  has  made  such  a  report,  which  has  been 
published  in  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  the  orgui  of  the  State  Society.  Some  of  the  state- 
ments tliey  published  set  forth,  in  glowing  colors,  the  beauty  of  their  grounds,  improvements 
and  success,  which  is  truly  gratifying  to  all  who  take  an  interest  in  such  matters.  Daviess 
Couuty  Society  cannot  boast  of  any  thing  great  or  attractive.  We  began  in  an  humble  way; 
have  progressed  quietly  and  uuostentatiou-ly,  yet,  under  all  circumstances,  with  a  success 
beyond  what  the  originators  anticipated.  I  may  detail  some  matters  uninteresting  to  many, 
but  intended  as  an  encouragement  to  gentlemen  in  other  portions  of  our  State,  whj  desire  to 
get  such  things  started,  yet  hold  back,  fearing  they  will  be  poorly  supported.  To  such  I  would 
say,  go  ahead,  and  take  courage  from  our  beginning. 

In  the  spring  of  Idol,  several  gentlemen  met  at  the  house  of  the  late  Robert  Triplett,  in 
Owensboro,  who  had  been  Vice  President  of  the  old  Stale  Society,  (long  since  passed  away,) 
and  who  delivered  an  interesting  address  before  said  Society  in  Fiauklort,  which  address  is 
still  extant.  At  said  meeting  preliminaries  were  fixed  and  committees  appointed.  In  a  short 
time  a  second  meeting  was  held;  a  constitution  and  by  laws  reported  and  accepted,  with  an 
understanding  that  they  were  to  be  presented  to  the  citizens  of  the  town  and  county  on  the 
approaching  Court  day.  The  matter  failed  to  make  a  favorable  impression,  aud  it  died  out; 
yet  the  desire  was  w:irmly  cherished  in  the  minds  of  many.      On  Court  day,  September,  1853, 

Mr.  met  Mr.  in  the  street,  and  rem  irked,  "Well,  it  will   never  do   to  let  our 

Agricultural  Society  sleep  the  sleep  of  death.  1  wiil  meet  you  here  on  next  Court  day,  with- 
out any  formal  preliminaries,  and  show  something  against  you."  "What  have  you  got?"  "I 
have  got  a  two  year  old  colt,  which  I  will  exhibit."  "Very  well,  I  have  got  one  of  the  same 
age."  Just,  as  that  matter  was  agreed  upon,  the  Hon.  stepped  up,  matters  were  ex- 
plained, and  he  responds,  "1  will  show  my  colt  Larry."  The  match  being  made,  they  sepa- 
rated to  invite  all  lrieuds  who  had  a  big  turnip,  cabbage,  potato,  or  any  thing  else  which  they 
thought  would  compete  with  their  neighbors,  t.o  bring  it  along.  The  day  arrived,  and  it  was 
truly  a  laughable  scene.  No  officers,  no  gate,  no  entrance  money,  no  premiums;  it  was  con- 
fusion worse  confounded;  yet  all  went  off  in  perfect  good  humor,  and  the  company  present 
heartily  joined  in  the  formation  of  a  Society,  to  be  called  the  Green  River  Agricultural  and 
Mechanical  Society.  The  following  spring  we  had  a  meeting,  and  organized  by  electing  offi- 
cers; rented  a  handsome  piece  of  ground;  held  a  Fair  in  the  fall  of  1851,  aided  and  encour 
fl»-ed  by  our  neighboring  counties.  All  were  satisfied,  for  few  that  attended  had  ever  seen  the 
like  before.  We  applied  the  following  winter  for  a  charter,  but  our  title  having  been  adopted 
bv  a  Society  previously  chartered,  had  to  change  to  that  of  the  Daviess  County  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  Society.  A  very  handsome  piece  of  ground  was  purchased  the  following 
spring,  in  which  there  is  a  beautiful  elevation  covered  with  a  thick  walnut  grove.  The  grounds 
were  at  once  enclosed  with  a  high  plank  fence,  and  wells  sunk.  We  put  up  about  sixty  sheds 
or  stalls;  laid  off  a  ring — said  to  be  larger  than  that  at  Louisville — raised  a  covered  amphi- 
theatre, about  one  fourth  around  it,  which  could  only  accommodate  the  ladies  that  assembled 
in  the  fall  of  1855.  During  the  summer  of  1856,  we  improved  the  old,  and  put  up  sixty  first 
rate  additional  stalls;  improved  and  extended  our  amphitheatre  three-fifths  around  the  ring, 
which  scarcely  accommodated  half  the  crowd  at  our  fall  meeting.  This  will  compel  us  to  ex- 
tend  our  accommodations  belore  next  fall  meeting. 

1  can  truly  say,  our  Fairs  have  been  a  great  benefit  to  our  own  and  neighboring  counties, 
creating  a  laudable  emulation  in  the  products  of  the  farm,  garden,  orchard,  stock  and  manu 


372  REPORT  OF  THE 

ufactures,  introducing  labor-saving  machines  to  the  notice  of  working  farmers,  who  attend 
closely  to  their  own  business,  the  bone  and  sinew  of  our  county,  many  of  whom  seldom  or 
ever  pass  its  bounds,  who,  but  for  such  meetings,  would  remain  behind  the  improvements  of 
the  day.  Our  farming  community,  indeed,  our  whole  community,  are  plain  and  unpretending, 
yet  courteous,  kind,  and  generally  intelligent,  pretty  much  on  an  equality.  Our  wealth  con- 
sists principally  in  a  rich,  light  yet  extremely  productive  soil,  easy  of  cultivation,  which  is 
fast  being  developed  by  the  opening  up  of  new  farms,  and  by  the  increased  means  and  intelli- 
gence which  the  overflowing  tide  of  new  citizens  pouring  into  our  county  carry  with  them. 

These  (perhaps  too  extended)  remarks  are  made,  as  before  stated,  to  encourage  others  to 
go  ahead,  nothing  doubting,  after  our  feeble  beginning. 

I  will,  in  a  short  time,  agreeable  to  request,  either  furnish  or  obtain  for  you  a  statement  in 
regard  to  our  soil,  mineral,  timber,  crops  and  stock.  I  herewith  give  you  the  names  of  our 
officers.  They  stand  nearly  as  they  did  at  our  commencement.  Direct  to  Osvensboro,  which 
will  reach  them  all. 

Truly,  your  friend,  WILLIAM  BELL,  President. 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 
Charlea  T.  Noel,  President;  Wm.  S.  Stone,  J.  C  Talbott,  and  R.  M.  Hathaway,  Vice  Presi- 
dents; Clinton  McClarty,  Recording  Secretary;  John  H.  Me  Henry,  Jr.,  Corresponding  Secre- 
tary; William  B.  Tyler,  Treasurer;  Nicholas  G.  Bosley,  S.  R.  Ewing,  Ben.  Stout,  F.L.  Hall 
Dr.  Wm.  C.  Woolfolk,  Executive  Committee. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  DAVIESS  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANI- 
CAL SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

CLASS  A— DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURES. 

OF   WOOL. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  homemade,               .$3  00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  homemade, 3  00 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards,  homemade,           -         - 2  00 

Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards,  homemade,         -         -         -                 2  00 

Plaid  Linsey,  ten  yards,  homemade,  -         •         -         -         -         -         •         •         -         -  2  00 

Flannel,  ten  yards,  homemade,            ....                  2  00 

Pair  Blankets,  homemade, 3  00 

Hose,  homemade, 1  00 

Half  Hose,  homemade, 1  00 

Bed  Spread  or  Coverlet,  homemade,           .........  3  00 

Carpet,  homemade, 3  00 

Hearthrug,  homemade, 2  00 

Judges— John  Locke,  S.  M.  Moorman,  J.  H.  Blair,  Daviess. 

OF   COTTON. 

White  Counterpane, 3  00 

Cotton  Hose, l  00 

Cotton  Half  Hose, 1  00 

OF  HEMP    AND    FLAX. 

Linen  Diaper,  homemade,  ten  yards, 5  00 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  homemade,      -         -        -         -         - 3  00 

Tow  Linen,   ten  yards,  homemade,     ----......  2  00 

Sewing  Thread,  one  pouud,  homemade, 2  00 

Raw  Hemp,  five  pounds,  homemade,  .........  3  00 

Raw  Flax,  five  pounds, 3  00 

Judges — Wm.  Lewis,  Hartford;  Young  J.  Cravens,  Calhoon;  R.  Moorman,  Owensboro'. 

NEEDLEWORK,    ETC. 

Silk  patchwork  Quilt, ' .  10  00 

If  over  three  entries,  - -         -         .         .         -  5  00 

Worsted  patchwork  Quilt, '       -                  -         -  10  00 

If  over  three  entries,  ---........-5  00 

Cotton  Q'lilt,  patchwork, 10  00 

If  over  three  entries,  ............  5  00 

White  Quilt,  solid  work,  •        - 10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  373 

If  over  three  entries, 5  00 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady, 2  00 

Cotton  Shirt,  unstarched,  made  by  a  Lady, 2  00 

Jeans  Coat,  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady, 3  00 

Jeans  Vest,  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady, 2  00 

Jeans  Pants,  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady, 1  00 

Fancy  Bonnet,  homemade, -3  00 

Sun    Bonnet,  homemade, 100 

Silk  Embroidery,  best  specimen, 3  00 

Worsted  Embroidery,  best  specimen, 3  00 

Thread  Embroidery,  best  specimen, 3  00 

Hem  stiched  Garment  or  Handkerchief,     -----.---  1  00 

Ornamental  Shell  Work,  best  specimen, 2  00 

Ornamental  Wax  Work,  best  specimen, 2  00 

Ornamental  Hair  Work,  best  specimen, 3  00 

Ornamental  Leather  Work,  best  specimen, 2  00 

Judges — Miss  Sallie  Glass,  Henderson;  Miss  Anna  Fitzhugh,  Ohio  countv;  Mrs.  Wm.  Hawes, 
Hawesville;  Miss  Ellen  Singleton,  Calhoon;  Mrs.  Sue  Stone,  Daviess;  Miss  F.  A.  Kent,  Da- 
viess; Miss  A.  Perkins,  Daviess;  Col.  John  P.  Thompson,  Owensboro';  Cuthbert  Powell,  Hen- 
derson; J.  A.  Peyton,  Hardinsburg. 

CLASS  B— FINE  ARTS. 

PAINTING. 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  oil, 3  00 

Best  specimen  Animal  Painting,  in  water  color,          .......  3  00 

Best  specimen  Landscape  Painting,  in  oil,  ---------  2  00 

Best  specimen  Laudscape  Painting,  in  water  color, 2  00 

Best  specimen  Monoerhromatic  Painting, 2  00 

Best  specimen  Crayon  Drawing, 2  00 

Best  specimen  Pencil  Drawing, 2  00 

Judges—  James  Weir,  Owensboro';  Frank  Griffin,  Hartford:  Wm.  McClain;  Henderson;  W. 
D.  Gallagher,  Pewee  Valley. 

CLASS  C.— PRODUCTS  OF  THE  SOIL. 

GRAINS. 

Bushel  of  Wheat, 2  00 

Sample  of  Bread  Corn  in  the  ear, 2  00 

Sample  Corn  for  stock, -  2  00 

Largest  Pumpkins, 1   00 

Largest  yield  Wheat  per  acre,  five  acres,    -         -         -         • 15  00 

Largest  yield  Coin  per  acre,  five  acres, 15  00 

Judges — J.  G.  Taylor,  Joseph  M.  Dawson,  and  Ridgely  Griffith,  Daviess. 

TOBACCO. 

Leaf  Sample,  five  pounds, 5  00 

Leaf  Shipping,  five  pounds, 5  00 

Leaf  Manufacturing,  five  pounds,                 ..........  5  flfl 

Leaf  Cigar,  five  pounds,              5  00 

Judges— John  Rudy,  Henderson;  Larkin  Nail,  Hartford;  Samuel  McAdams,  Hawesville; 
Ben.  Biansford,  Owensboro';  John  H.  MuFarland,  Daviess. 

GARDEN. 

Irish  Potatoes,  one  bushel, 2  00 

Irish  Potatoes  largest  yield  of  one  acre,              -         - 5  00 

Sweet  Potatoes,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Cabbage,  six  heads, 1  00 

Tomatoes,  one  peck,          -         -         -         - 100 

Celery,  six  bunches,  ........         ...-2  00 

Turnips,  one  peck, 100 

Onions,  one  peck, 100 

Beets,  one  peek, 100 

ORCHARD. 

Best  display  of  winter  Apples, 2  00 

Display  of  greatest  variety, 3  00 

Best  half  bushel  of  apples, 100 

Largest  Apples, 100 

Display  best  Peaches, 3  00 

Display  best  Pears,  .---3  00 

Display  best  Grapes, --2  00 


374 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges — D.  L.  Adair,  Hancock;  Wm.  Hell,  Daviess;  Ezekiel  Fleming,  Rumscy;  W.  B. 
Woodruff,  Henderson;  A.  M.  Jackson,  Muhlenburg. 

FLOWERS. 

Display  Green  house  Flowers,  in  pots, 2  00 

Roeps,  ten  best  varieties,  .......         ...-2  00 

Dahlias,  twelve  dissimilar  blossom,  - 2  00 

Dahlias,  greatest  variety, --2  00 

Cut  Flowers,  greatest  variety,  --2  00 

Verbenas,  greatest  varietv, 2  00 

Boquet,  -         - 2  00 

Judges  —  Miss  Goorgiana  Shelly,  Henderson;  Miss  Jane  Ingram,  Henderson;  Miss  Irene 
Calhoun.  Calhoon;  Miss  Patsey  Sterret,  Hawesville;  MUs  Hart  Murray,  Owensboro';  Miss 
Sallie  May,  Daviess;  Miss  Clara   Hawes,  Daviess;  Miss  M.  Stonebridge,  Daviess. 

CLASS  D.— FAMILY  PRODUCTS. 

DAIRY. 

Putter,  five  pounds,  2  00 

Cheese,  five  pounds, 2  00 

Honey,  five  pounds,  ............2  00 

Preserves,  three  kinds,  ..........         -         -         3  00 

Pickles,  three  kinds,  - 3  00 

Jellies,  three  kinds,  3  00 

Preserved  Fruit,  in  cans,  ...........         5  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Woolfolk,  Daviess;  Mrs.  Alf .  Allen,  Hardinsburg;  Mrs.  John  G.  Halloway, 
Henderson. 

PANTRY. 

Pound  Cake, - 2  00 

Fruit  Cake, 2  00 

Sponge  Cnke,             - 2  00 

Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread, 2  00 

Loaf  Corn  Bread, 2  00 

Best  Ham,  cooked, -, 3  00 

Kentuckv  Wine,  best  display, 3  00 

Barrel  of  Flour, 2  00 

Judges — John  P.  Devereux,  Daviess;  Alfred  Allen,  Hardinsburg;  A.  J.  Anderson,  Hender- 
son; Thomas  H.  Pointer,  Owensboro'. 

CLASS    E.— MECHANICAL. 

CARRIAGES,    BUGGIES,  AC. 

Buggy,  -       10  00 

Lot  of  Harness,  single, 5  00 

Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

LEATHER. 

Side  Sole  Leather. 2  00 

Side  Upper  Leather, 2  00 

Calf  Skin, 2  00 

Judges — W.  D.  Stirman,  Owensboro';  Martin  P.  Rucker,  Henderson;  E,  Funk,  Jeffer- 
son. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Wagon,  two  horse, 5  00 

Horse  Cart, 3  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  sod, 5  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  stubbble, 5  00 

Plow,  two  horse,  sub  soil, 5  00 

Plow,  one  horse, -5  00 

Harrow, 3  00 

Roller, 5  00 

Cultivator, 2  00 

Hay  Ritke, 3  00 

Farm  Gate,  plan, 3  00 

Judges — William  Fields,  Ohio  county;  Wm  Talbott,  Daviess;  Minor  E.  Pate,  Hancock; 
John  G.  Holloway,  Henderson;  Joseph  B.  Bennet,  Ohio  county. 

IRON    CASTINGS. 

Sperimen  of  Hollow-ware, 3  00 

Cooking  Range  or  Stove, --5  00 

Judges — William  J.  Duke,  Daviess;  J.  W.  Jones,  Owensboro'. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


CLASS  F.— MULES. 

Horse  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upward,             -- 10  00 

Horse  Mate,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,            ...                  ....  5  00 

Horse  Mule,  un  ler  one  year  old,         ----------5  00 

Mare  Mule,  three  years  old  and  upward, ----10  00 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old, -5  00 

Pair  Broke  Mules, 10  00 

J/z</(/es— Bennet  Stevens,  Ohio;  Walker  Glover,  McLean;  Sam.  Hawes,  Daviess;  Jackson 
McLean,  Henderson;  Ben.  Wathen,  Breckinridge. 

CLASS  G.— ASSES. 

JACKS. 

Jack,  four  years  old  and  upward, 10  0D 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Jack,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

JENNETS. 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and   under  three, 5  00 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -- 5  00 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,         .........         .         .  5  00 

Judges— Philip  Lightf'oot,  Breckinridge;  Wm.  Berry,  Ohio  county.;  John  Folden,  Hender- 
son; Enoch  Kendall,   Daviess;  Robert  Beauchamp,  Hancock;  Stephen  C.  Brown,  Springfield. 

SECOND   DAY. 
CLASS  II— CATTLE. 

BULLS. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  fonr, 10  00 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Bull,  under  one  year, 10  09 

COWS  AND  HEIFERS. 

Four  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,         ......         ...-10  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,       ...........  10  00 

Under  one  year  old, 10  00 

WORK  OXEN. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  four  years  and  upwards, 10  00 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  under  four  years, 10  00 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Fat  Bullock,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 5  00 

Fat  Bullock,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Best  Milch  Cow,         ....                  10  00 

Judges — A  J.  Anderson,  Henderson;  Richard  Hawes,  Bourbon;  R.  A.  Alexander,  Wood- 
ford; ri.  D.  Williamson,  Indiana;  Win.  Bell,  Daviess;  D.  F.  Todd,  Daviess;  Gibson  Taylor, 
Union. 

SWEEPSTAKES  FOR  CATTLE. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Cow  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges— Brutus  I.  Clay,  Bourbon;  I.  Shelby  Todd,  Shelby;  John  T.  Bate,  Jefferson;  John 
Allen,  Daviess;  Wm.  C.  Norris,  Ovveusboro'. 

CLASS  I.— SHEEP. 

LONG   WOOL    SHEEP. 

Buck,  over  two  years  old, 5  00 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,          ......         ...         -         -  5  00 

Ewe,  over  two  years  old,    -. 5  00 


376  REPORT  OF  THE 

Ewe,  under  two  years  old, 5  00 

Pair  Lambs,      -" -  5  GO 

SHORT   WOOL   SHEEP. 

Back,  over  two  years,         • 5  00 

Buck,  under  two  years,       - 5  00 

Ewe,  over  two  years,           -         --         -         -         -         -         -                  -         -         -  5  00 

Ewe.  under  two  vears, 5  00 

Pair  Lambs,        - 5  00 

Judges — R.  W.  Scott,  Franklin;  W.  T.  Barret,  Henderson;  E.  M.  Covington,  Bowlinggreen; 
Richard  M.  Wathen,  Breckinridge;  Wm.  A.  Bradshaw,  Daviess. 

CLASS  J.— HOGS. 

Boar,  over  two  years, -         -         -  10  00 

Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two, JO  00 

Boar,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, 5  00 

sows,  <tc. 

Bow,  over  two  years, 5  00 

Sow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Sow,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,    •                           5  00 

Pair  Pigs,  under  six  months  old,          -         -                  5  00 

Bow,  with  litter  of  Pigs, • JO  00 

FAT  HOGS. 

Three  best  fatted  Hogs,      -                 JO  00 

Largest  Hog, 10  00 

Judges — John  Dell,  Breckinridge;  Robert  Beauchamp,  Hancock;  Jos.  Weaver,  Daviess; 
Peyton  J.  Henderson,  Breckinridge;  Dr.  S.  O.  Peyton,  tiaitford. 

CLASS  K.— HORSES. 

THOROUGH    BRED    HORSES. 

(With  pedigree.) 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  -         -         - 20  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 20  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  there, JO  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -  Id  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,                JO  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,        .....  20  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 2'l  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -         -         •         -         -         •         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, JO  00 

blooded  horses,  (without  pedigree  ) 

Stallion,  four  year3  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - Ill  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  10  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year,     -         - 5  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, ID  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     - •  10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year,         --..--..-..-500 

Judges — Gibson  Mallory,  Jefferson;  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford;  John  McClarty,  Breck- 
inridge; Edwin  Foote,  Breckinridge;  R.  J.  Clarkson,  Meade;  G.  Payne,  Union;  James  Baa- 
combe,  Muhlenburg. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSE3. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,      -         -         -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 1(1  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year, .......500 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,      -        -         -        -        -        -         -        »         •        -JO  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, JO  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  6  i  7 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -                                    10  00 

Male,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Gelding,  over  four  years, 10  00 

Gelding,  over  three  years  and  under  four,           -         • Ill  00 

Gelding,  over  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Judges — Ben.  Hicks,  Henderson;  George  Smith,  Hancock;  W.  J.  Edson,  Hartford;  Thos. 
M.  Shoemaker,  Daviess;  '1  nomas  Carrier,  Daviess. 

FINE  HORSES  FOR  ALL  WORK. 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,            .........  10  00 

Mare,  over  four  years,        ............  10  00 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

M.ire,  two  years  and  under  three,       -         -         •         -         -         -         -         -         -        -10  00 

Gelding,  over  four  years, 10  00 

Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four, -         -  10  00 

Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three, -         -         -         -  10  00 

Judges  —  Byrd  Chambers,  Henderson;  Elias  Dorsey,  Jefferson:  Hugh  W.  McNary,  Muhlen 
burg;  J.  G.  Taylor  aud  N.  M.  Lancaster,  Daviess. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion,  over  four  years,             10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -         -         -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,      - 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, •                          -         -         -  5  00 

Mare,  over  four  years,        ........--.-  10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         .......                  -  10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -         -         •         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     ....--         ...         -  10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,          ...........  5  00 

Gelding,  over  four  years  old, 1(1  00 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  two,     .........  Ill  00 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -         • -         -  10  00 

Pair  matched  Horses, 10  00 

Pair  matched  Mares, 10  00 

Best  Buggv  Horse, 10  00 

Best  Buggy  Mare, 10  00 

Judges — J.  Thomas  Nelson,  Charles  H.  Howell,  Henderson;  J.  Walker  Taylor,  McLean; 
M.  Maxwell,  Louisville;  John  W.  Schenk,  Daviess. 

SADDLE  HORSES. 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old,      -..-.-...-.  10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     .........  10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Mare,  over  four  years  old, -         -         •          -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         -                           10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  aud  under  two, 10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  .......         .-..5  00 

Gelding,  over  lour  years  old,      -----------  10  00 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 10  00 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Judges — Dr.  Robt  McFarland,  Henderson;  J.  W  Wilkins,  Hopkins;  Richard  Spalding, 
Union;  Smith  Garit,  Evansvllle;  VVm.  Cummings,  Daviess. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallion  of  any  age, 10  00 

Mare  of  any  age, 10  00 

Gelding  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges— Dr.  L  Powell,  Louisville;  W.  B.  McLean,  Muhlenburg;  Wm.  Shelly,  Henderson; 
John  McAllister,  Henderson;  Wm.  F.  Hawed,  Hancock;  Jeff.  Cox,  Daviess;  S.  S.  Walkina, 
Oweusboro'. 


378  REPORT  OF  THE 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

1.  The  exhibition  will  commence  each  day  at  9  o'clock,  by  which  time,  to  avoid  delays  and 
confusion,  all  entries  should  be  made.  Entries  for  the  first  day's  exhibition  maybe  made  with 
the  Secretary  for  two  days  previous  to  the  Fair. 

2.  The  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  President,  at  his  office,  on  the  day 
on  which  they  are  to  act. 

3.  All  premiums  from  five  dollars  and  upwards  will  be  paid  in  plate;  all  under  that  sum,  in 
gold  coin  or  medals,  at  the  option  of  the  claimant. 

4.  Life  members  of  the  Association  shall  be  entitled  to  make  two  entries  each,  and  for  all 
other  entries,  shall  pay  as  persons  not  members. 

5.  All  persons  competing  for  premiums  will  be  charged  as  follows:  For  premiums  of  .$1, 
25  cents;  for  premiums  of  $2,  50  cents;  for  premiums  of  $3,  Si;  for  premiums  of  $5,  $2; 
for  premiums  of  $10,  $5;  for  premiums  over  $10,  $10. 

6.  Members  of  the  Association  are  not  permitted  to  compete  for  a  premium  with  an  article 
or  animal  of  which  they  are  not  the  real  owner,  without  payment  of  the  regular  charge  for 
entry. 

7.  No  premium  shall  be  awarded  where  but  one  article  or  animal  is  exhibited,  unless  the 
Judges  shall  decide  such  article  or  animal  worthy  of  a  premium. 

8.  Marks  of  any  kind,  or  other  indication  of  ownership,  will  be  rigidly  excluded  from  ar- 
ticles exhibited  for  premiums. 

9.  Sales  at  auction  for  the  benefit  of  those  desiring  to  dispose  of  stock  or  other  articles,  will 
be  made  daily  during  the  recess  for  dinner.  Those  desiring  the  services  of  the  auctiouer  will 
give  notice  at  the  Secretary's  office. 

10.  Ample  accommodations  will  be  provided  for  all  stock  brought  from  a  distance  for  exhi- 
bition; and  feed  of  all  kinds  will  be  furnished  at  the  lowest  market  prices.  Stalls  for  stock 
will  be  furnished  at  the  following  rates  :  Stalls  without  doors,  50  cents;  stalls  with  doors,  $1, 
during  the  Fair. 

11.  The  officers  of  County  and  State  Associations  are  invited  to  attend,  report  themselves 
to  the  Secretary,  and  receive  tickets  of  admission. 

12.  The  Executive  Committee  will  fill  all  vacancies  that  may  occur  in  the  officers  or  list  of 
Judges  duiing  the  Fair. 

13.  All  animals  exhibited,  except  hogs  and  sheep,  shall  be  halter  broken. 

14.  Exhibitors  will  be  particular  to  enter  their  stock  in  the  proper  class. 

15.  All  Judges  will  be  entitled  to  receive  a  ticket  of  admission  to  the  grounds. 

16.  No  person  who  is  an  exhibitor  can  act  as  Judge  in  the  class  in  which  he  exhibits. 

17.  When  the  Judges  of  Stock  have  agreed  upon  their  award  in  each  class,  they  will  report 
to  the  Marshal,  who  shall  proclaim  the  names  of  the  persons  entitled  to  premiums,  and  furnish 
the  names  to  the  Secretary  in  person. 

18.  The  President  or  one  of  the  officers  shall  attend  each  Awarding  Committee,  in  viewing 
the  different  classes  of  stock  and  articles. 

19.  Exhibitors  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  groom  a  card  containing  the  age  of  all  animals 
under  four  years  old. 

20.  No  person  shall  enter  the  ring  to  show  his  own  stock;  and  in  violation  of  the  rule,  will 
forfeit  the  premium.  Provided,  that  this  rule  is  not  to  be  construed  as  prohibiting  any  one 
from  driving  his  harness  or  riding  his  saddle  horse. 

21.  If  any  one  shall  make  known  to  the  Judges  his  ownership  of  stock,  or  the  pedigree 
thereof,  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  a  premium  thereon. 

22.  No  stallion,  mare,  bull  or  cow,  jack  or  jennet,  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to  com- 
pete for  a  premium,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder,  excepting  mares  exhibited  in  the 
ring  of  thorough  blooded  horses. 

23.  No  departure  will  be  made  from  the  published  list. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  6  i  9 

TERMS  OF  ADMISSION. 

Each  annual  member  shall  be  admitted  free  of  charge. 

Each  life  member,  and  all  members  of  his  family,  except  males  over  twenty  one  years, 
shall  be  admitted  ."ree  of  charge. 

No  member  shall  be  al  nitt^d  to  the  Fair  Ground?  without  his  certificate  of  membership. 

Members'  tickets  will  be  furnished  on  application  to  the  Recording  Secretary,  Clinton  Mc- 
Clarty,  and  the  production  to  him  of  the  Treasurer's  receipt  for  annual  dues. 

Offices  will  be  open  in  the  town  of  Owensboro  for  the  sale  of  tickets. 

No  money  received  at  the  gates. 

The  charges  for  admission  to  the  grounds  are  as  follows  :  Each  person  on  foot,  2">c;  each 
person  on  horse,  35c;  buggy,  horse  and  driver,  59c  ;  family  carriage  and  driver,  75c;  omni- 
bus, per  day,  $5;  hack,  per  day,  $3. 

The  owner  of  each  omnibus  or  hack  will  be  required  to  pay  25c.  for  each  passenger  carried 
into  the  grounds. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  DAVIESS  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  ME- 
CHANICAL SOCIETY,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards,  Jos.  M.  Dawson,  Daviess,  premium. 

Flannel,  ten  yards,  A.  Carter,  premium. 

Half  Hose.  Mrs.  M.  T.  Lambert,  premium;  Mrs.  G.  C.  Brooks,  certificate. 

Btd  Spread  Coverlet,  T.  G    Guthrie,  premium  and  certificate. 

Hearth  Rug,  Miss  Mary  May,  premium 

Cotton  Hose,  Mrs.  Wm.  Newton,  premium. 

Sewing  Thread,  Abram  Carter,  premium. 

Hemp,  five  pounds,  VV'm.  Bell,  premium. 

Silk  Patchwork  Quilt,  Mrs.  P.  H.  Mayo,  McLean,  premium;  J.  P.  Thompson,  certificate. 

Worsted  Patchwork  Quilt,  Mrs.  R.  M.  Hathaway,  Daviess,  premium;  Mrs.  Nina  Tyler,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Patchwork,  Mrs.  R.  II.  Hazle,  Diviess,  premium;  Mrs.  N.  H.  Lee,  certificate. 

White  Quilt,  solid  work,  Mrs.  Chas.  Gates,  Daviess,  premium;  Mrs.  G.  C.  Guthrie,  Da- 
viess, certificate. 

Linen  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  S.  G.  Harrison,  premium. 

Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady,  Mis.   R   Ewing,  premium. 

Vest,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  Miss  R.  Perkins.  Diviess,  premium. 

Jeaus  Pants,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  J.  Weber,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  Allen,  certificate 

FINK    ARTS. 

Grecian  Oil  Painting,  Flower  Vase,  Miss  Lide  F.  Imbler,  premium. 
Grecian  Oil  Painting,  Miss  Greni,  premium. 

Landscape  Painting,  oil  colors,  Miss  Puss  Triplett,  premium  and  certificate. 
Monochromatic,  Miss  J.  Allen,  premium. 

Crayon  Drawing.  Miss  Puss  Triplett,  premium;   Miss  J.  Allen,  certificate. 
Worsted  Embroidery,  Miss  Mary  E.  McClarty,  Breckinridge,  premium. 
Complimentary  Premium,  Miss  Mary  E.  Palmer,  Sprinjjfield. 
Silk  Embroidery,  Miss  A.  C.  PerHns,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  C-  Woolfolk,  certificate. 
English  Embroidery,  Mrs.  J.   Lewis,   McLean,  premium;  Miss  A.   Thomas,   Breckinridge,, 
cert'ficate. 

French  Embroidery,  Mrs  S.  S.  Watkins,  premium. 

PRODUCTS    0F   THE    SOIL. 

Bushel  of  Wheat,  Wm.  Harrel,  premium;   W.  'I'    McKay,  certificate. 

Bread  Corn,  B.  G.  Yeager,  premium;    E.  C.  Pendleton,  certificate. 

Stock  Coin,  H.  F.  McKay,  premium. 

Pumpkins,  M.  Fuqua,  premium;   H.  Yewell,  certificate. 

Sample  Leaf  Tobacco,  E.  Cr.ibtree,  premium;    f\  H.  Lockett,  certificate. 

Largest  yield  of  Coin  per  acre,  R.  P.  Sharp,  premium. 

Tobacco  Leaf,  Shipping,  Geo.  S.  Callioon,  Daviess,  premium;  Jas.  E.  Sutton,  certificate. 

Leaf  Manufacturing,  Larkin  Field,  Daviess,  premium;  W.  II.  Barnett,  certificate. 

Leaf  Cigir,  Ben.  W.  Hawes.  Daviess,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,  one  bushel,  H.  Clay  Elliott,  Daviess,  premium,  Geo.  W.  Triplett,  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  John  R.  llilo,  Daviess,  premium. 

Cabbage,  six  heads.  Wm.  Bell,  Daviess,  premium;  Col.  Wm.  Ewing,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Tomatoes,  one  peck,  J.  A.  Thompson,  premium. 


380  EPORT  OF  THE 

Onions,  one  peck,  H.  C.  Elliott,  Daviess,  premium;  Frank  Thixton,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Apples,  best,  F.  Lockett  Hall,  Daviess,  premium. 

Peaches,  best,  Geo.  W.  Howard,  Daviess,  premium;  D.  S.  Allen,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Grape-!,  Win.  Hell,  Diviess,  premium. 

Boquet,  Mrs.  Nini  Tyler  and  Sue  Stone,  Daviess,  premium. 

Butler,  Mrs.  R.  E.  Graves,  Daviess,  premium;   Mrs.  Wm.  Bell.  Daviess,  certificate. 

Preserves,  Mrs.  E.  W.  flawes,  Daviess,  premium;   Mrs.  R.  Griffiih,  D  tviess,  certificate. 

Pickles,  Mrs.  E.  VV.  Ilawes,  Diviess,  premium;  Mrs.  W.C.  Woodruff,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Pound  Cake,  S.  &  F.  Guenther,  Daviess,  premium. 

Best  Cooked  Ham,  Mrs.  A.  0.  Easton,  Daviess,  premium;  Mrs.  Jas.  Weir,  Daviess,  certificate.. 

Bear,  BuggV,  H.  Martin,  Louisville,  premium. 

Leather,  Mirarn  Kellani,  Davie.S*.  premium. 

Plow,  two  horse  sod,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Daviess,  premium. 

Plow,  two  horse  stubble,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Diviess,  premium. 

Plow,  one  horse  stubble,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Daviess,  premium. 

Cultivator,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Daviess,  premium. 

MULES    AND    JACKS. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  W.  W.  Shoemaker,  Diviess,  premium. 

Mare  Mule,  three  years  and  upwards,  Jac  >b  Talbott,  Daviess,  premium. 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  and  under  three,  T.  S.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium. 

Mare  Mule,  under  one  year,  R.  S.  Small,  Daviess,  premium;  II.  II.  Chatham,  D.ivies3,  cer- 
tificate. 

Jack,  four  years  old  and  over,  Nathan  Divine,  Jefferson,  premium. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Nathan  Divine   Jefferson,  premium. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  John  R.  Woodward,  Daviess,  premium;  Nathan  Di- 
vine, certificate. 

Jenny,  three  years  old  and  over,  J.  H  Bell,  Daviess,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

Blooded  Bulls,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  A.  II.  Peyton,  Breckinridge,  premium. 

Blooded  Bulls,  three  and  under  four,  S.  1)    Williamson,  Indiana,  premium. 

Blooded  Bulls,  one  and  under  two,  John  R.  Shamz,  Daviess,  premium. 

Blooded  Bulls,  under  one  year,  Brown  and  Davidson,  Washington,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cows  and  Heifers,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Brown  &  Davidson,  Washington,  premium 
and  certificate. 

Cows  and  Heifers,  three  years  and  under  four,  John  W.  Johnson,  premium. 

Cows  and  Heifers,  two  years  and  under  three,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium;  Brown 
&  Davidson,  Washington,  certificate. 

Cows  and  Heifers,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium;  C. 
Woodward,  certificate. 

Heifers,  under  one  year  old,  John  W.  Johnson,  McLean,  premium;  J.  C.Guthrie,  certificate. 

Grade  Bulls,  three  years  and  under  four,  Wm.  Bell,  Daviess,  premium. 

Grade  Bulls,  two  years  and  under  three,  Brown  &  Davidson,  Washington,  premium. 

Grade  Bulls,  one  year  and  under  two,  II.  Beard,  Daviess,  premium;  Wm  Fields,  Daviess, 
certificate. 

Cows,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Brown  &.  Davidson,  Washington,  premium. 

Cow  under  one  year  old,  Wm.  II.  Chatham,  Daviess,  premium;  Thos.  C.  Guthrie,  Daviess, 
certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  over  four  years  old,  W.  W.  Shoemaker,  Daviess,  premium. 

Yoke  of  Oxen  under  four,  John  Allen,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    CATTLE,  <fcC. 

A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium;  Nantz  &  Moore,  certificate. 
Cows,  A.  B.  Barrett,  Henderson,  premium;   Brown  &  Davidson,  certificate. 
Sheep,  buck  over   two  years,  J.  II.   Bell,    Hancock,  premium;  C.  F.  Todd,  Daviess,  certi- 
ficate. 
Sh  )rt  wool  Ewe,  two  years  oil,  M.  M.  Reymld-s,  premium. 
Boar,  over  two  years  old,  Willis  Field,  premium. 

Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  J.B.  McCrocklin,  premium;  J.  T.  Dawson,  certificate. 
Boar,  six  months  and  under  one  year,  A.  D.  Barrett,  premium. 
Sow,  over  two  years  old,  J.  B   McCrocklin,  premium. 
Sow,  six  months  and  under  one  year,  A.  B.  Burett,  premium. 
Pair  Pigs  uutler  six  months  old.  Whayne  &  Tudd,  premium. 
Three  best  fatted  Hugs.  J.  B.  McCrocklin,  premium. 
Largest  Hog,  J.  B.  McCrocklin,  premium. 

THOROUGH    BRED   HORSES. 

Stallion  under  one  year  of  age,  R.  S.  Boyd,  Hancock,  premium;  Byrd  Chambers,  Hender- 
son, certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  381 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  Thomas  S.  Phillips,  Daviess,  premium;  Ed.  Funk,  Jefferson, 
certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  Jesse  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium  and  certificate. 

Mare,  Uo  years  and  under  three,  VV.  B.  McLean,  Muhlenburg,  premium;  B.  Fisher,  Breck- 
inridge, certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Thomas  A.  Jones,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  R   Griffith,  premium;  B.  Fisher,  certificate. 

Thorough  bred  Horses,  with  pedigree,  T.  S.  Phillips,  Daviess,  premium, 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  W.  S.  Stone,  Davies3,  premium;  E.  A.  Hathaway,  Da- 
viess, certificate. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  George  A.  Hoke,  Daviess,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  E.  A.  Hathaway,  premium  and  certificate. 

Bloooded  Horses,  without  pedigree — Stallion  over  four  years,  James  Sandwich,  Hardin,  pre- 
mium; Joseph  S.  Haydon,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  Win.  J.  Eidson,  Ohio  county,  premiim;  Benj.  Elder, 
Meade,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  A.,  II.  Stower3,  Daviess,  premium;  Wm.  Sutherland, 
Daviess,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Wm.  C.  Woolfolk,  Daviess,  premium;  C.  E.  Hamble- 
ton,  Breckinridge,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  R.  VV.  Paiks,  premium;  C.  P.  Williams,  Jefferson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  J.  J.  Berrv,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium;  Jno.  Hay- 
don, Breckenridge,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  W.  C.  Woolfolk,  Daviess,  premium. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  R.  S.  Boyd,  Hancock,  premium;  E.  T.  Eastin,  Daviess,  certifi- 
cate. 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,  W.  Sutherland,  Daviess,  premium;  Henry  Dugan,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium;  Jno.  T.  May, 
Daviess,  certificate. 

Mare,  over  three  years  and  under  four,  W.  B.  McLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year,  R.  S   Boyd,  Hancock,  premium. 

Draft  Brood  Mare,  J.  Taylor,  Jr.,  premium. 

Draft  Gelding,  over  four  years,  J.  A.  Wilhite,  Daviess,  premium;  W.  H.  Monarch,  certifi- 
cate. 

Gelding,  over  three  years  and  under  four,  T.  P.  Morgan,  premium;  N.  G.  Barclay,  certifi- 
cate. 

Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  Dr.  Brodnax,  Oldham,  premium;  J.  Howard,  certificate, 

Best  Pair  Match  Horses,  W.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,  premium;  G.  Murphy,  Daviess,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Pair  M;itch  Mares,  G.  E.  Funk,  Jefferson,  premium. 

Best  Buggy  Horse,  J.  L.  Phillips,  Daviess,  premium;  J.  P.  Thompson,  certificate. 

Best  Buggy  Mare,  R.  Griffith,  Daviess,  premium;  C.  Phillips,  certificate. 

FINE    HORSES    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old,  J.  Havdon,  Daviess,  premium;  G.  W.  Seet,  certificate. 

Stallion,  over  three  years  old,  W.  Eidson,  Ohio   county,  premium. 

Stallion,  over  two  years  old,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium;  A.  Stowers,  Daviess, 
certificate. 

Stallion  over  one  year  and  under  two,  W.  C.  Woolfolk,  Daviess,  premium. 

Stallion  under  one  year  old,  R.  S.Boyd,  Hancock,  premium;  B.  Chambers,  Henderson, 
certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  II.  Dugan,  Daviess,  premium;  A.  II.  Talbott,  certifi- 
cate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four;  M.  Lancaster,  premium;  S.  Newton,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  B.  Fisher,  Breckinridge,  premium;  W.  B.  xMcLean, 
Ohio  county,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breckinridge,  premium. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  J.  Jones,  premium. 

Saddle  and  Brood  Mare,  C.  S.  Phillips,  premium. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  G.  W.  Seet,  premium;  Sharp  &  Dodson,  certifi- 
cate. 


382  REPORT  OF  THE 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  and  under  three,  W.  J.  EiJaon,  Ohio,  premium;  D.  Webb,  certifi- 
cate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  J.  A.  Moorman,  Breekinridge,  premium;  W.  O. 
Phelon,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two.  \V.  C.  Woolfolk,  premium. 

FOURTH   D\Y. 

HtH1R«    H  >r?SRN. 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,  Howard  Hithwiv,  Daviess,  premium. 

Mare,  over  three  years  old  and  under  lour,  Sharp  &,  Dodson,  Daviess,  premium;  W.  H. 
Confers,  Daviess,  certificate. 

Mire,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Barnett  Tishew,  Bieckiniidge,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Thomas  A.Jones,  Daviess,  premium;  J.  A.  Moorman, 
Breckinridge,  certificate. 

Mare,  under  one  \ear  old,  C.  S.  Phillips,  Daviess,  premium;  John  Lee,  certificate. 

Gelding,  over  lour  years  old,  J.  S.  Lightfoot,  Breckinridge,  premium;  tJ.  P.  Hart,  Daviess., 
certificate. 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  J.  B.  Denny,  Union,  premium;  Thomas  II.  Poin- 
ter. Daviess,  certificate. 

Pair  Match  Horses,  VV.  B.  Woodruff,  Henderson,  premium;  G.  W.  Humphrey,  Daviess, 
certificate-. 

Pair  Match  Mares,  G.  E.  Funk,  Jefferson,  premium. 

Buggy    Horse,  Thomas  L    Phillips,   Daviess,  premium;  John    P.  Thompson,  certificate. 

Buggy  Mare,  C.  S.  Phillips,  Daviess,  premium;   R.  Griffith,  certificate. 

SADDLF.    HOUSES. 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old,  H.  W.  Noiton,  Jefferson,  premium;  G.  W.  Sect,  Daviess,  cer 
cate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  William  Wood,  Jefferson,  premium;  Benj.  Edcr, 
Meade,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  J.  Drew,  Union,  premium;  H.  Sutherland,  Da 
viess,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  H.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio,  premium;  E.  F.  Eastin,  Daviess,  certifi 
cate. 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,  II.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio,  premium;  Willis  Fields,  Daviess,  certifi- 
cate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Miles  Lancaster,  Daviess,  premium;  Jesse  Moor- 
man, Breckinridge,  certificate. 

Mire,  two  years  old  and  under  three.  J.  W.    Lashbrook,  D  ivies',  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  ui.der  two,  William  Wood;  Jefferson,  premium;  tl.  T.  Carpenters 
certificate. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  Harrison  Yewell,  premium. 

Gelding,  over  four  years  old,  Benjamin  Stout,  Daviess,  premium;  Josiah  Veech,  Daviess., 
certificate. 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Thomas  H.  Pointer,  premium. 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  J.  R.  Lancaster,  Daviess,  premium;  W.  II.  Chat- 
ham, Daviess,  certificate. 

Sweepstakes  for  Stallions,  John  Owen,  Daviess,  premium;  W.  B.  McLean,  Ohio,  certifi 
cate. 

Sweepstakes  for  Mares,  W.  B.  McLean,  Ohio,  premium;  Jesse  Moorman,  Breckinridge, 
certificate. 

Sweepstakes  for  Geldings,  Benjamin  Stout,  Daviess,  premium;  Josiah  Veech,  certifi- 
cate. 

From  the  Owensboro'  National  Democrat. 
THE  AGRICULTURAL  FAIR. 

We  are  gratified  to  announce  that  the  fair  held  at  this  place  during  the  past  week  was  suc- 
cessful beyond  the  hopes  of  tlie  most  sanguine.  From  a  combination  of  reasoiH.it  was  fdred 
that  the  attendance  would  be  small,  and  the  exhibition  of  stock  poor;  but  in  truth  we  think 
that  the  show  of  stock,  take  it  all  in  all,  was  better  than  it  has  been  at  any  previous  exhibi- 
tion. 

There  was  some  dissatisfaction  among  some  persons,  on  account  of  the  high  price  for  the 
entrance  of  stock  and  the  insignificance  of  the  awards;  and  at  first  we  were  disposed  to  make 
bo  me  Strictures  upon  the  Executive  Committee,  on  account  of  the  parsimony,  which  we  deem- 
ed was  unworthy  of  them,  and  a  prostitution  of  the  object  of  associations  of  ti.is  character; 
believing  upon  the  first  blush,  that  the  managers  of  the  society  were  making  it  a  matter  of 
speculation,  rather  than  the  means  of  promoting  the  agricultural  interest  of  the  cou.ity.     But* 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  o83 

upon  investigation,  we  are  satisfied  that  the  committee,  in  all  of  their  transactions,  from  a 
sen*e  of  duty,  were  prompted  by  the  best  motives. 

The  truth  is,  the  Society  was  "behind  hand,"  and  the  Executive  Committee  acted  upon  the 
principle  tint  a  heavy  entrance  fee  and  low  premiums  was  the  speediest  and  surest  way  to  dis- 
encumber themselves  from  debt.  We  believe  that  they  were  mistaken  i:i  the  view  which  they 
took   and  think  that  they  themselves  are  now  satisfied  of  it. 

During  the  progress  of  the  fair,  the  premiums  were  doubled  in  all  rings  where  there  was  any 
competition,  and  next  year,  as  we  understand  irom  one  of  the  officers  of  the  Society,  the  pre- 
miums a  ill  be  raised  to  fifty  dollars  It'  this  will  be  the  case,  we  are  satisfied  the  fair  will  be 
eminently  successful.  If  the  premiums  are  raised  to  anything  like  a  reasonable  sum,  stock 
can  tie  brought  from  a  distance,  for  the  owners  of  fine  stock  can  afford  to  bring  it. 

We  have  not  yet  heard  the  report  of  the  Treasurer,  but  the  entrance  arrangements  were  so 
much  superior  to  what  thev  have  ever  been  before,  that  we  arc  satisfied  the  receipts  were  larger 
than  they  were  the  pieccding  year.  Or  one  thing  we  are  satisfied,  gentlemen  with  blue  lib- 
bons  upon  the  lappel  of  their  coats  were  not  near  so  common. 

lr,  was  given  one  that  the  fair  would  not  extend  beyond  three  days,  but  it  was  found  impossi- 
ble to  get  through  in  that  length  of  time,  andjit  was  extended  to  a  fourth  day 

Upon  the  first  day,  the  attendance  was  respectable,  and  the  exhibition  of  fruits,  vegetables, 
and  the  handy  work  of  the  ladies,  was  larger  and  better  than  at  any  previous  fair.  The  me- 
chanical department  was  not  so  well  filled  as  we  should  like  to  have  seen  it,  and  we  hope  that 
our  home  mechanics,  at  least,  will  show  more  interest  hereafter,  than  they  hitherto  have  done. 
We  have  as  good  mechanics  here  as  can  be  found,  and  we  see  no  reason  why  they  should  not 
exhibit  more  interest  in  this  department. 

The  second  day  the  attendance  was  better  than  on  the  first.  This  day  was  awarded  to  the 
exhibition  of  cattle,  sheep,  hogs,  &c.  In  these  rings  there  was  not  a  great  deal  of  competi- 
tion; but  some  of  the  cattle  exhibited  was  as  fine  as  any  in  the  State.  Much  of  it  was  from 
the  herds  of  Messrs.  Alexander  and  Clay.  Messrs.  Brown  and  Davidson  sent  down  a  herd  of 
thirty  eight  cattle,  to  be  shown  heie,  many  of  them  of  the  finest  blood;  hut,  unlortunately  for 
them,  not  more  than  six  or  eight  of  their  cattle  were  broken  to  the  halter,  and  consequently  it 
could  not  be  shown  Everything  they  sent  into  the  ring,  however,  was  pretty  sure  to  get  one 
or  the  other  of  (he  ribbons. 

On  the  third  day,  which  was  set  apart  for  the  exhibition  of  horses,  the  crowd  commenced 
pouring  in  eariy  in  the  morning,  and  by  'J  o'clock  the  amphitheatre  was  perfectly  jammed. 
The  horse  show  was  far  superior  to  anything  of  the  kind  ever  seen  in  this  section.  The  com- 
petition was  very  great,  and  the  judges  were  often  siumpped  to  award  betweeD  the  competitors. 

'I  he  lair  closed  with  a  grand  sweepstake  for  all  the  premium  animals.  We  publish  this 
week  a  list  of  the  owners,  and  believe  they  are  about  correct.  If  any  errors  have  occurred, 
we  will  take  pleasure  in  collecting  them  in  a  future  issue. 

V\  e  have  heard  of  but  little  "rumbling  concerning  the  decisions  of  judges,  and  believe  that, 
with  biUi  few  excerptions,  general  satisfaction  vvasgiveii. 

During  the  progress  of  the  fair,  we  htve  heard  of  no  circumstance  to  mar  the  whole  pro- 
ceedings. Everv  thing  pissed  off  smoothly,  and  was  conducted  with  the  most  decorous  pro- 
priety The  officers  did  everything  in  their  power  to  render  perfect  satisfaction  to  visitors, 
and  competitors  for  premiums,  and  deserve  commendation  for  the  manner  in  which  they  dis- 
charged iheir  duties. 

The  Koekport  Bind,  who  '.vere  engaged  to  discourse  the  crowd  with  their  most  delightful 
music,  added  much  to  the  enjoyment  of  all. 

From  the  Henderson  Reporter. 

Daviess  County  Fair — The  Agricultural  Kair  for  Daviess  County  commenced  on  Tecs- 
day,  the  tith  Oct.,  at  the  fine  grounds  near  Owensboro-,  and  was  largely  attended.  The  stock, 
machinery,  agricultural  products,  &c  ,  were  very  fine  and  reflected  credit  upon  the  exhibitors. 

'I  he  citizens  ol  Owensboro  did  all  in  their  power  to  make  the  time  of  their  guests  pass 
pleasantly.  The  Messmore  House  deserves  especial  mention.  All  other  public  houses  did 
their  hest  to  be  comfortable  and  hospitable.  In  the  way  of  amusements,  there  was  a  ball — a 
delightful  ball — thronged  With  some  of  the  most  beautiful  women  and  gallant  men  in  tho 
Green  River  country;  a  perform  nice  of  Buiwer's  beautiful  drama,  "  The  Lady  of  Lyons,"  at 
the  Thespian,  &.<•  .  <!fce.  The  proprietor  of  the  Repot  ter,  who  was  present  at  the  Kair  and 
amusements,  is  high  in  his  praises  of  the  energy,  skill  and  hospitality  of  the  citizens  of  Owens- 
boro and  Daviess  county. 


384  REPORT  OF  THE 

FULTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL   AND  MECHANICAL   ASSOCIATION. 

Hickman,  Ky.,  November  20,  1857. 
R.  VV.  Scott,  Corresponding  Secretary  K.  S.A.  Society: 

Dear  Sir — Enclosed  you  will  find  a  published  list  of  the  premiums  awarded  by  the  Fulton 
County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  at  its  last  annual  Fair,  held  on  the  21st, 
22d,  23d,  and  24th  of  October,  near  the  city  of  Hickman. 

This  Society  was  organized  the  14th  of  April  last,  by  article  of  association,  which  article 
allowed  the  stockholders  to  elect  a  Board  of  Directors,  consisting  of  eleven  of  their  number, 
to  transact  all  necessary  business  for  the  Society. 

The  Board  is,  R.  B.  Alexander,  President;  A.  D.  Kingman,  Vice  President;  0.  F.  Young, 
J.  H.  Doods,  Thos.  Reid,  W.  B.  McConnell,  J.  W.  Gourley,  W.  J.  N.  Welborn,  John  Ray, 
W.  L.  Alexander,  and  W.  R.  McDaniel,  Directors. 

The  Board,  since  its  organization,  has  bought  eight  and  five  tenths  acres  of  land  for  Fair 
Grounds,  and  made  considerable  improvements  upon  it.  They  have  built  enclosures,  erected 
stands  and  opened  roads,  so' that  the  ground  is  accessible  from  all  points.  The  improvements, 
thus  far,  have  been  only  of  a  temporary  character;  but  since  the  success  of  the  Annual  Exhi- 
bition, which  was  attended  by  a  large  number  of  persons — all  manifesting  much  interest  in 
the  Exhibition — the  Board  contemplate  making  extensive  and  permanent  improvements.  The 
competition  was  large  in  all  the  departments,  from  the  orchard,  garden,  shop,  farm  and  field. 

The  receipts,  thus  far,  have  been  far  beyond  the  expenditures,  and  the  Society  13  greatly 
encouraged  by  its  flattering  beginning. 

I  have  just  received  your  communication  from  a  friend  of  our  deceased  Secretary,  in  whose 
place  I  have  but  recently  been  elected,  which  I  hepe,  will  be  a  sufficient  explanation  of  seem- 
ing delay  and  brevity. 

Your  most  obedient  servant,  CLINTON  L.  RANDLE,  Secretary. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  FULTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANI- 
CAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'  manufactures. 

Five  yards  home  made  Jeans, -         -         •     $  3  00 

Five  yards  home  made  Linsey,           -                  2  00 

Five  yards  home  made  Flannel,         -         - 3  <0 

Pair  home  made  Blankets,          -         - 3  00 

Ten  yards  home  made  Woolen  Carpeting,          --------  5  00 

Ten  yards  home  made  Rag  Carpeting,        -         -         -         -         •         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Home  made  Hearth  Rug,  --------.-..  1  00 

Pair  home  made  VVooler.  Hose,           ----------  1  00 

Pair  home  made  Woolen  Half  Hose, 1  00 

Ten  yards  home  made  plain  Cotton  Cloth,          ........  1  00 

Ten  yards  home-made  Flax  Cloth,     ..........  2  (10 

Home  made  White  Counterpane,        --.....         -         -         -  2  00 

Judges — Mesdames  James  White,  Z.  C.  Watson,  Fulton;  John  Wakefield,  Hickman;  C.  A. 
Brevard,  Horace  Lawson. 

NEEDLE  WORK- 

Patch  Quilt, 2  00 

White  Quilt, 2  00 

Suit  of  Clothes  made  bv  Tailor, 3  00 

Coat  made  by  Lady, 2  00 

Silk  Embroidery, 2  00 

Worsted  Embroidery,         - -----  2  00 

Linen  Embroidery, 2  00 

Pair  Shoes  made  by  Lady, 2  00 

Judges — Mesdames  Proctor,  Hickman;  Franck  Roulhac,  Misses  Nannie  Wilson,  Caroline 
McConnell,  Click  Brevard. 

DAIRY. 

Five  pounds  Butter, I  00 

Five  pounds  Cheese,  100 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  385 

Five  pounds  Honey,  -                  100 

One  jar  Preserves,  -----100 

One  jar  Pickles, 1  00 

Preserved  Fruits,  in  can, 1  00 

Judges — Mesdames  C.  J.  Coker,  Samuel  De  Bow,  C.  Prather,  E.  I.  Bullock,  Alfred  Bre- 
vard. 

FRUITS. 

One  bushel  Apples, 1  00 

One  bushel  Peaches, 100 

One  basket  Grapes, 1  00 

Judges — B.  F.  Easly,  John  Wakefield,  H.  H.  Wilson,  Mercules  Hays,  Jesse  Sams. 

PANTRY. 

One  Pound  Cake, 1  00 

One  Sponge  Cake, 1  00 

One  Loaf  Wheat  Bread, 1  00 

One  Loaf  Corn  Bread, 1  00 

One  boiled  Ham, t 1  00 

One  Roast  Turkey, 1  00 

Six  bottles  Kentucky  Wine, '      -         -  3  00 

Six  bottles  Kentucky  Cider, 3  00 

One  barrel  Flour, 3  00 

Judges — Board  of  Directory. 

GARDEN     PRODUCTS. 

One  bushel  Irish  Potatoes, 1  00 

One  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes, 1  00 

Five  head  of  Cabbage, -         -         -         -  1  00 

One  peck  of  Tomatoes, 1  00 

One  peck  of  Turnips,         -                  1  00 

One  peck  of  Parsnips, 1  00 

One  peck  of  Onions,           .----------.  i  00 

One  peck  of  Carrots, 1  00 

One  peck  of  Beets, 1  00 

Watermelons,     -                                    1  00 

Muskmelons, 1  00 

Squash, 1   00 

Judges — Proctor,  Hickman;  Joseph. Fulks,  William  Harper,  Obion;   Alfred  Gardner,  James 
White. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

One  bushel  Wheat, 1  00 

One  bushel  Oats, 1  00 

One  bushel  Rye, -----  1  00 

One  bushel  Buckwheat, 1  00 

Fifty  ears  Bread  Corn, 1  00 

Largest  Pumpkin, - 1  00 

One  bushel  Clover  Seed, 2  00 

One  bushel  Timothy  Seed, 1  00 

One  bushel  Blue  Grass  Seed, 1  00 

Ten  pounds  Hemp,     -                           1  00 

Ten  pounds  Flax, -         -         -  1  00 

Ten  pounds  Leaf  Tobacco, 5  00 

One  box  Manufactured  Tobacco,        ----------  5  00 

Judges — Samuel  De  Bow,  Esq.,  George  B.  Moss,  William  Martin,  E.  P.  Latham,  Geo.  H. 
Carey. 

CARRIAGES    AND    HARNESS. 

Two  horse  Carriage, 6  00 

One  horse  Buggy, 5  00 

One  set  Harness,        ---........         -         -  5  00 

One  Bridle  and  Saddle, 5  00 

Judges — Joseph  Kirkpatrick,  John  Davis,  Hickman;  J.  C.  Simmons,  Weakley  ;  J.  P.  Coch- 
ran, Fulton;  W.  C.  Drury,  Obion. 

SECOND  DAY. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  two  years  and  over,           - 5  00 

Buck,  under  three  years, 3  00 

Ewe,  two  years  and  over.  -                           5  00 

Ewe,  under  two  years, ----50 

25 


386  REPORT  OF  THE 

Pair  Lambs, 5  00 

Three  fat  Sheep, 5  00 

Judges — James  Thaylkeld,  Obion;  Thomas   G.  McClure,  Weakley;  Owen  Miles,  Fulton  ; 
Felix  Baird,  Weakley;  Ed.  Crossland,  Hickman. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Buck  and  Ewe,  -        -        - 10  00 

.Judges — Johu  Shaw,  G.  Henderson,  H.  Ingram. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  two  years  old  and  upwards,     ■   -                           -         - 5  00 

Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Boar,  six  months  and  under  one  year, 5  00 

Sow,  two  years  old  and  upward,           ..........  5  00 

Sow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Sow,  six  months  and  under  one  year,          - 5  00 

Three  best  Fat  Hogs, -  5  00 

Judges — John  Akers,  Graves;  R.  N.  Lewis,  Obion;  Levi  Molder,  Missouri;  John  Shaw,  Ful- 
ton; Hudson  Johnson,  Hickman. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Boar  and  Sow, 10  00 

Judges — C.  J.  Coker,  John  T.  Holeman,  Samuel  Lauderdale. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward, 5  00 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 5  00 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Bull,. under  one  year  old,    -         -         -         -         -         -         - 5  00 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 5  00 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  lour,  -         -         - 5  00 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,            -         - 5  00 

Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,    -         - 5  00 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  and  Spaved  Heifer, 5  00 

Yoke  Work  Oxen,     -         -         - 5  00 

Milch  Cow, 5  00 

Judges — J.  H.  Montgomery,  J.  W.  Powell,  Fulton;  Scott  Ray,  Obion;  Thomas  Davis,  Hick- 
man; Martin  Laberear,  Graves. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull,  of  any  age, $  10  00 

Best  Cow,  of  any  age,     -         - 10  00 

Judges — Robert   Matson,  W.  M.  Samuels,  Jerome  Watson,  W.  W.  Gleeson,  W.  F.  Wood- 


FINE   HORSES    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, $  8  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,            .......  6  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  --------  5  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,        ........  5  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year,           ..........  5  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  ---------  6  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, -  5  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  5  00 

Mare,  under  one  year, -         -  5  00 

Judges — Marine  Thomas,  Graves;  C.  J.  Coker,  Fulton;  George  B.  Moss,  Hickman;   Alfred 
Gardner,  Weakley;  Robt.  Lewis,  Obion. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Four  Horse  Wagon, $5  00 

Two  Horse  Wagon, •    5  00 

One  Horse  Cart, 3  00 

Two  Horse  Turning  Plow, 2  00 

Two  Horse  New  Ground  Plows, 2  00 

One  Horse  Turning  Plow, 2  00 

Harrow, 3  00 

Farm  Gate, 2  00 

Judges— C.  M.  Woodring,  S.  Burrus,  Obion;  Thos.  Tyler,  Fulton;  W.  H.  H.  Taylor,  Hick- 
man; Wm.  A.  Cocke. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  387 

CABINET   AND    CARPENTER8    WORK. 

Wardrobe, $  3  00 

Bureau, 3  00 

Chairs,  half-dozen,  split  bottom, -  3  00 

Mantle  piece, 3  00 

Door  Pattern, 2  00 

Tight  Barrel,  for  liquids,          ...                  ......  1  00 

Flour   Barrels, 1  00 

Judges. — M.  Pierpont;  Jesse   Edmonston,  Fulton;    D.   Zimmerman,  Hickman;  J.  J.  Jen- 
nings; Frank  Smith,  Obion. 

CASTINGS. 

Cooking  Stove, $  5  00 

Parlor  Stove, 3  00 

Judges. — Robert  A.  Hutchison;  W.  M.  Samuels,  Hickman;  Samuel    Landrum;  S.  Burrus; 
Wm.  Robinson. 

LEATHER. 

Side  of  Sole  Leather,                                -    / $  1  00 

Side  of  Upper  Leather, 1  00 

Side  of  Harness  Leather, 1  00 

Side  of  Skirting  Leather,         - 1  00 

Pai  r  Men's  Boots,             1  00 

Judges. — Alfred  Brevard,  W.  B.  Blakemore,  L.  A.  Nelson,  A.  S.  Anderson,  Mat.  Adams. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  of  Turkeys, $  1  00 

Pair  of  Ducks, 1  00 

Pair  of  Geese, ■        -  1  00 

Pair  of  Chickens, 1  00 

Judges. — T.  R.  Upshaw;  M.  L.  Stoner,  Hickman;  C.  A.  Brevard;  J.  W.  Bransford;  James 
Curlin,  Obion. 

THIRD  DAY. 

ASSES. 

Jack,  four  years  and  upwards, $  8  00 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four,       --------  6  00 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         --------  5  00 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Jack,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Jennet,  four  years  and  upwards, 6  00 

Jennet,  three  years  and  under  four,           - 5  00 

Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three, 5  00 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         ...._...  5  00 

Jennet,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Judges. — Gab.    Henderson,  Obion;  Hudson  Johnson,  Hickman;  R.   S.  McConnell,  Fulton; 
Jos.  Hughes,  Graves;  Joshua  Gardner,  Weakley. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Jack,  of  any  age, $  10  00 

Best  Jennet,  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges. — Daniel  Glenn,  H.  O.  Earle,  John  McGehee,  John  S.  Holeman,  Thos.  Davis. 

MULES. 

Mule,  three  years  old  and  upwards, $  5  00 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Mule,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Pair  Broke  Mules, 5  00 

Judges. — John  Motherel,  Obion;  H.  D.  Stovall,  Weakley;  Hercules  Hays,  Esq.,  Hickman; 
Noah  Norman;  J.  C.  Harris,  Fulton. 

Best  Saddle  Mule, $  5  00 

Judges. — J.  M.  Alexander,  Dr.  Lillard,  Charles  Tally. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards, $8  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 6  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 5  00 

Stalliffn,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Mare,  four  year  and  upwards,          - 8  00 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, 6  00 

Mare,  two  year  old  and  under  three, 5  00 


055  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 5  00 

Mare,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Judges. — John  Barnes;  Samuel  Lauderdale,  Dyer;  Charles  Talley,  Obion;  E.  Crutchfield, 
Graves;  Thos.  Jordan,  Hickman. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion, $  8  00 

Best  Gelding, 5  00 

Best  Mare, 5  00 

Judges — J.  M.  Alexander,  Fulton;  James  Moss,  Hickman;  P.  Ledsinger,  Dyer;  D.  L.  Sha- 
ver, Weakley;  Chas.  N.  Gibbs,  Obion. 

HARNESS    AND    BUGGY    HORSES. 

Best  pair  Match  Horses, $  6  00 

Best  pair  Match  Mares, 6  00 

Best  Buggy  Horse  or  Mare, 5  00 

Judges. — J.  B.  Herreford,  Hickman;  H.  C.  McCutchen,  Weakley;  Samuel  Morse,  Graves; 
Geo.  H.  Carey,  Obion;  J.  W.  Gourley. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion,  of  any  age, $  10  00 

Best  Mare,  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges.— Geo.  W.  Puckett,  N.  N.  Cowgill,  E.  I.  Bullock,  Peter  W.  Mott,  N.  M.  Morse. 

.ESSAYS. 

Best  Essay  on  Agriculture, $  5  00 

Judges. — W.  G.  Roulhac,  Alfred  Gardner,  Proctor,  Hickman. 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  Each  member  and  his  family  shall  have  free  admission  to  the  Fair  Grounds  and  the  right 
to  exhibit  stock  and  other  articles  without  charge. 

2.  Persons  desiring  to  become  Annual  Members  must  do  so  before  the  first  day  of  October 
next. 

3.  Books  for  entry  of  stock  and  other  articles  will  be  opened  ten  days  before  the  Fair,  and 
exhibitors  must  make  all  entries  before  9  o'clock  of  the  day  of  exhibition. 

4.  All  stock  and  other  articles  must  be  entered  by  the  owner. 

5.  All  articles  of  Agriculture  and  Manufactures  must  be  entered  by  the  producer  or  manu. 
facturer — and  manufactured  articles  must  have  been  made  within  two  years  prior  to  the  exhi- 
bition. 

6.  Exhibitors  will  be  particular  to  make  their  entries  in  the  proper  class. 

7.  The  hall  for  reception  of  articles  will  be  opened  by  8  o'clock  on  each  day  of  the  Fair. 

8.  All  articles  must  be  labelled  and  entered  before  received  by  the  Superintendent  of  the 
Hall. 

9.  All  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  Board  on  the  grounds  by  9  o'clock 
of  the  day  on  which  they  are  to  act. 

10.  No  person  who  is  an  exhibitor  can  act  as  a  judge  in  the  class  in  which  he  exhibits. 

11.  When  the  Judges  have  agreed  upon  their  awards  in  each  class,  they  will  report  to  the 
Marshal  who  shall  proclaim  the  names  of  those  entitled  to  premiums  and  certificates,  and  they 
shall  also  furnish  the  names  to  the  Secretary  in  person. 

12.  The  Judges  will  in  every  case  be  required  to  furnish  a  separate  list  of  their  awards  to 
the  Secretary. 

13.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  go  into  the  ring  while  stock  is  exhibiting  except  Judges, 
Officers  of  the  Society,  and  the  Groom. 

14.  The  gate  of  the  ring  will  be  closed  in  ten  minutes  after  the  call  of  the  stock,  &c,  by  the 
Marshal. 

15.  No  stock  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  unless  under  halter  and  in  care  of  a  Groom 
except  young  mules,  colts,  hogs  aad  sheep. 

16.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  enter  but  one  class  except  in  sweepstakes. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETF.  389 

17.  No  person  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  to  exhibit  his  own  stock,  and  in  violation 
of  this  rule  will  forfeit  his  premium:  Provided,  That  this  rule  shall  not  apply  to  a  person 
driving  his  buggy  or  carriage,  or  riding  his  saddle  horse. 

18.  No  person  shall  make  know  to  the  Judges  his  ownership  or  pedigree  of  stock,  or  he 
shall  forfeit  his  premium. 

19.  No  Stallion,  Mare,  Jack,  Jennet,  Bull  or  Cow,  four  years  old  or  over,  shall  be  permit- 
ted to  compete  for  a  premium  except  in  sweepstakes,  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

20.  No  premium  shall  be  awarded  unless  the  Judges  deem  it  worthy  of  it. 

21.  All  articles  and  animals  shall  remain  on  the  grounds  until  permitted  to  leave  by  the 
President. 

22.  All  articles  and  animals  that  took  premiums  at  this  Fair  last  year,  shall  be  prohibited 
from  competition  in  the  same  class  at  this  Fair. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  FULTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  ME- 
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Five  yards  home  made  Jeans,  five  entries,  Mrs.  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion  county,  Tennessee, 
premium;  Mrs.  Ann  Miles,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

Six  yards  home-made  Linsey,  three  entries,  Mrs.  James  White,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs. 
Martha  Adams,  Fulton,  Ky,  certificate. 

One  pair  home  made  Blankets,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium; 
Mrs.  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  Ky,  certificate. 

Ten  yards  Woolen  Carpeting,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Jo.  Roulhac,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs. 
S.  Burrus,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

One  pair  home  made  Woolen  Hose,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Margaret  Kimberlin,  Fulton,  Ky., 
premium;  Mrs.  R.  E.  Leet,  Fulton,  Ky.,  certificate. 

One  pair  Woolen  Half-Hose,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  Sarah  Brevard,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs. 
Margaret  Kimberlin,  certificate. 

Ten  yards  home  made  Striped  Cotton  Cloth,  Mrs.  N.  Bonduraut,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

Ten  yards  home  made  Flax  Cloth,  Mrs.  Nathan  Scarce,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

Home-made  White  Counterpane,  Mrs.  Margaret  Kimberlin,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs. 
Mary  Glenn,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  certificate 

Patch  Quilt,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  William  Croom,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  Thomas  Seay, 
Hickman,  certificate. 

Silk  Embroidery,  five  entries,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Wingate,  Fulton,  premium;  Miss  Emma  Kendall, 
Fulton,  certificate. 

Linen  Embroidery,  Miss  Redford,  Fulton,  premium. 

Five  pounds  Butter,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  Thomas  Prather,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  J. 
Lunsford,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Jar  of  Preserves,  three  entries,  Miss  Redford,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  P.  Fuqua,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jar  Apple  Jelly,  Mrs.  J.  M.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

Jar  Pickles,  Mrs.  R.  B.  Alexander,  Fulton,  certificate. 

One  bushel  Apples,  G.  W.  Puckett,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  L.  W.  Roach,  Fulton, 
certificate. 

Pound  Cake,  three  entries,  Miss  Nancy  Adams,  Fulton,  premium;  Messrs.  Kleinknecht  & 
Geiger,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Sponge  Cake,  Mrs.  V.  L.  Stephens,  Fulton,  premium. 

Boiled  Ham,  R.  B.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  F.  Davie,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  quarter  Kidd  boiled,  Mrs    R.  B.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

Six  bottles  Kentucky  Wine,  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  barrel  Flour,  Neil  Casey,  Fulton,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  bushel  Irish  Potatoes,  four  entries,  A.  J.  Knox,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  E.  M. 
Barns,  Fulton,  certificate. 

One  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes,  five  entries,  W.  Samuels,  Hickman,  premium;  Obadiah  Clark, 
Fulton,  certificate. 

Five  head  Cabbage,  three  entries,  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  Mrs.  Jas. 
White,  Fulton,  certificate. 

One  peck  Tomatoes,  Mrs.  James  White,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  peck  Parsnips,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Marrs,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  peck  Onions,  Mrs.  R.  B.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  peck  Beets,  four  entries,  W.  Samuels,  Hickman,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion 
county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 


390  REPORT  OF  THE 

Water  Melon,  J.  R.  Shaw,  Fulton,  premium. 

Squash,  Obadiah  Clarke,  Fulton,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  bushel  Wheat,  four  entries,  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  premium;  Horace  Lawson,  Obion 
county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

One  bushel  Oats,  Thos.  A.  Tyler,  Fulton,  premium;  Obadiah  Clark,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Bread  Corn,  eleven  entries,  L.  W.  Roach,  Fulton,  premium;  Obadiah  Clark,  Fulton,  certifi- 
cate. 

Largest  Pumpkin,  seven  entries,  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  premium  and  certificate. 

Bale  of  Hay,  John  Ray,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  A.  Shuck,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Leaf  Tobacco,  seven  entries,  John  Ridgeway,  Graves,  premium;  John  A.  Board,  Fulton, 
certificate. 

Two-horse  Carriage,  Joseph  Kirkpatrick,  Fulton,  certificate. 

One  horse  Buggy,  Josoph  Kirkpatrick,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  set  Single  Harness,  A.  S.  Anderson,  Fulton,  premium. 

One  sec  Double  Harness,  A.  S.  Anderson,  Fulton,  premium. 

Lady's  Saddle,  A.  S.  Anderson,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Man's  Saddle,  A.  S.  Anderson,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Sorgho  Syrup,  N.  N.  Cowgill,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

One  bottle  Catsup,  J.  M.  Alexander,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

One  bushel  Dried  Apples,  E.  H.  Wilson,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs.  Martha  McConnell, 
Fu  Hon,  certificate. 

Best  Soap,  Mrs.  M.  Fuqua,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

Flower  Vase,  Mrs.  J.  Wingate,  Fulton,  Ky.,  •premium  and  certificate. 

Coral  Basket,  Mrs.  J.  Wingate,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium. 

Painting,  Mrs.  R.  P.  Watson,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  Wingate,  Fulton,  Ky.,  cer- 
tificate. 

Nuby,  Miss  S.  Burrus,  Obion  county,  Tennessee,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs,  Thomas  Seay,  Hickman,  Ky.,  premium. 

Fly  Brush,  Mrs.  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion  county,  Tennessee,  premium;  Mrs.  James  White, 
Fulton,  Ky.,  certificate. 

Child's  Hat,  Mrs.  R.  E.  Buffom,  Fulton,  premium. 

Artificial  Flowers,  seven  entries,  Miss  Redford,  Fulton,  Ky.,  premium;  Mrs.  Josiah  Parker, 
Fulton,  Ky.,  certificate. 

Cotton  Hose,  four  entries,  Mrs.  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion  county,  Tennessee,  premium  and 
certificate. 

Ottoman  Cover,  Miss  Anna  C.  Allen,  Hickman,  premium. 

Yarn  Coverlet,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Julia  D.  Bondurant,  premium;  Mr3.  A.  J.  Roper,  certifi- 
cate. 

Yarn  Counterpane,  four  entries,  Mrs.  James  White,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  Burrus, 
Obion  county,  Tennessee,  certificate. 

Linen  Sewing  Thread,  Miss  Martha  McClelland,  Fulton,  premium. 

Linen  Bosom  Shirt,  Miss  Vic  Stephens,  Fulton,  premium;  Mrs.  McClanahan,  Fulton,  cer- 
tificate. 

Embroidered  Skirt,  Miss  Rachel  Stannard,  Fulton,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  two  years  old  and  upward,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  Douglass  Zimmerman, 
Hickman,  certificate. 

Buck,  under  two  years  old,  Thomas  A.  Tyler,  Fulton,  premium. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  and  over,  four  entries,' Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Ewe,  two  years  old  and  under,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  pair  Lambs,  three  entries,  Reid  &.  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  N.  N.  Cowgill,  Fulton, 
certificate. 

Three  Fat  Sheep,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  two  years  old  and  upward,  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

Boar,  six  months  and  under  one  year  old,  R.  S.  McConnell,  Fulton,  premium. 

Sow,  two  years  old  and  over,  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

Sow,  six  months  and  under  one  year  old,  R.  S.  McCoDnell,  Fulton,  premium. 

Three  Fat  Hogs,  G.  S.  Miles,  Fulton,  premium. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward,  Douglass  Zimmerman,  Hickman,  premium;  J.  H.  Proctor, 
Hickman,  certificate. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upward,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium. 
Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  G.  Kennedy,  Fulton,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  391 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  Douglass  Zimmerman. 
Hickman,  certificate. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  J.  W.  Proctor, 'Hickman,  premium;  W.Samuels,  Hickman,  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  upward,  J.  W.  Proctor,  Hickman,  premium. 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium. 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Douglass  Zimmerman,  Hickman,  premium;  J.  W. 
Proctor,  Hickman,  certificate. 

Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  four  entries,  J.  W.  Proctor,  Hickman,  premium  and  cer- 
tificate. 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  J.  W.  Proctor,  Hickman,  premium;  B.  W.  Maddox, 
Fulcon,  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

Yoke  Oxen,  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  premium;  Thomas  Prather,  Fulton,  certifi- 
cate. 

Milch  Cow,  W.  Samuels,  Fulton,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Bull,  of  any  age,  Reid  &  Easley,  premium;  G.  Kennedy,  Hickman,  certificate. 

Cow,   of    any    age,   W.    Samuels,    Hickman,  premium;    Reid    &  Easley,    Fulton,   certifi- 
cate- 
Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  six  entries,  W.    H   Ross,  Hickman,  premium;  Samuel 
Shickles,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  six  entries,  G.  Kennedy,  Hickman,  premium;  A. 
Shuck,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Ben.  T.  St.  Johns,  Obion  county,  Tennessee,  pre 
mium;  Thomas  Prather,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  R.  W.  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  W.  J.  Lunsford,  Fulton,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mares,  four  years  old  and  upward,  twelve  entries,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  J.  G. 
McMurray,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Mares,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Chas.  Gibbs,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  A.  J. 
Roper,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Mares,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five  entries,  Reid  &  Easley,  Fulton,  premium;  W.  L. 
Alexander,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Mares,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  six  entries,  James  R.  Hale,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  pre- 
mium; James  W.  Mays,  Fulton,  certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year  old,  fourteen  entries,  Hardin  Maddox,  Fulton,  premium;  W.  L. 
Fields,  Fulton,  certificate. 

CABINET  WORK. 

One  Bureau,  A.  G.  Payne  &  Co.,  Fulton,  premium  and  certificate. 

POULTRY. 

One  Pair  Turkeys,  A.  Shuck,  Fulton,  premium. 
One  Pair  Geese,  L.  W.  Roach,  Fulton,  premium. 
One  Pair  Chickens,  Jona  Davie,  Fulton,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

Jacks,  four  years  old  and  upward,  S.  Burrus,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  S.  Elkin,  Obion 
county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

Jacks,  three  years  old  and  under,  C.  T.  Seay,  Hickman,  premium;  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton 
certificate. 

Jacks,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  A.  A.  Brevard,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium. 

Jacks,  under  one  year.  Daniel  St.  John,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

Jennets,  four  years  old  and  upward,  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium;  Reuben  Ross, 
Hickman,  certificate. 

Jennets,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  R.  B.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium;  D.  St.  John. 
Obion  county,  Tenn.,  certificate. 

Jennets,  under  one  year,  W.  L.  Alexander,  Fulton,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Jack  of  any  age,  R.  B.  Alexander,  premium. 

»  DRAFT  HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  Sylvester  Allen,  Mississippi  county,  Mo.,  premium. 

DRAFT    MARES. 

Mare3,  four  years  old  and  upward,  J.  A.  Board,  Fulton,  premium;  M.  Adams,  Fulton,  certi- 
ficate. 


392  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mares,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  O.  Clark,  Fulton,  premium. 
Mares,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  R.  S.  McConnell,  premium. 

MULES. 

Horse  Mules,  three  years  old  and  upward,  John  Barns,  Fulton,  premium. 
Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  R.  S.  McConnell,  Fulton, premium. 
Mare  Mules,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  B.  W.  Maddox,  Fulton,  certificate. 
Mare  Mules,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  G.  W.  Norman,  Fulton  premium. 
Mare  Mules,  one  year  old   and  under  two,  R.  S.    McConnell,  Fulton,  premium;  J.   T.  Mc- 
Murray,  certificate. 
Mare  Mules,  under  one  year,  John  Roper,  Fulton,  premium;  James  Mahan,  certificate. 

HORSEMANSHIP. 

Graceful  Horsemanship,  twenty-one  entries.  Premium  awarded  by  the  Ladies  to  Wm.  A. 
Brevard,  Fulton;  H.  Woolridge,  Graves,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

Saddle  Stallion,  four  entries,  R.  C.  Finch,  Fulton,  premium;  R.  W.  Hewlet,  Weakley,  cer- 
tificate. 

Saddle  Gelding,  fourteen  entries,  H.  Woolridge,  Graves,  premium. 

Saddle  Mare,  nine  entries,  Neal  Cason,  Fulton,  premium;  Master  John  Cowgill,  certificate 

PAIR  MATCH  HORSES. 

Match  Horses,  W.  C.  Drury,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  Dr.  Wm.  Marr,  certificate. 
Match  Mares,  C.  N.  Gibbs,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium. 

Buggy  Horse,  five  entries,  Geo.  Kennedy,  Hickman,  premium;  R.    E.    Finch,  Fulton,  certi- 
ficate. 
Buggy  Mares,  three  entries,  J.  M.  Alexander,  premium;  R.  W.  Hewlet,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion  of  any  age,  three  entries,  Edward  Jones,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  premium;  S. 
Allen,  Mississippi  county,  Mo.,  certificate. 

Best  Mare  of  any  age,  three  entries,  Reid  &  Easley;  premium;  J.  W.  Alexander,  certificate. 

Model  Gelding,  three  entries,  Geo.  Kennedy,  Hickman,  premium;  R.  E.  Finch,  Fulton,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Saddle  Pony,  G.  W.  Redford,  Fulton,  premium;  D.  C.  Phillips,  New  Madrid  county, 
Mo.,  certificate. 

Graceful  Horsemanship,  twenty  entries.  Premium  awarded  by  the  Ladies  to  Andrew  Jack- 
son Stephens,  of  Fulton;  certificate  to  James  Jones,  of  Fulton. 

Best  Gentlemen  Equestrian.  Premium  to  H.]Wooldridge,  Graves;  certificate  to  Dr.  Thos. 
Rivers,  Fulton. 


GLENVILLE  STOCK  ASSOCIATION. 

R.  W.  Scott,  Esq.  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — The  Glenville  Stock  Association  was  organized  in  the  spring  of  1856, 
and  held  their  First  Exhibition  the  24th  of  May,  1856,  at  which  time  they  awarded  seventy- 
five  dollars'  worth  of  premiums  in  cups.  There  were  exhibited  about  one  hundred  and  forty 
head  of  stock,  with  about  two  thousand  people  in  attendance.  The  Second  Exhibition  was 
held  the  6th  of  June,  1857,  at  which  was  awarded  about  seventy  five  dollars'  worth  of  pre- 
miums, paid  in  agricultural  papers.  There  was  one  hundred  and  sixty  head  of  stock  exhibit- 
ed, and  about  three  thousand  persons  in  attendance. 

The  officers  for  the  present  year  are — Dr.  C.  D.  Case,  President,  Glenville;  W.  H.  Jones, 
Vice  President;  Jas.  C  Bascom,  Secretary  and  Treasurer;  John  H.Wakefield,  Jonathan  Dod- 
son,  Milton  Rogers,  James  Minor,  and  Joseph  Duncan,  Directors. 

There  was  but  one  day  at  each  exhibition.  The  association  does  not  own  any  land,  nor 
have  they  made  any  improvements.  They  have  held  each  exhibition  in  a  beautiful  grove  be 
longing  to  Mr.  J.  H.  Wakefield,  near  Glenville,  in  Washington  county,  Kentucky.  The  price 
of  membership  (annual)  has  been  One  dollar.  They  contemplate  increasing  the  fee  for  mem- 
bership and  also  the  premiums,  but  still  expect  to  pay  them  in  papers  and  books,  as  we  believe 
we  are  doing  more  good  in  that  way  than  in  the  exhibition  itself. 

Yours,  truly,  JAMES  C.  BASCOM,  Secretary. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  d\)6 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  GLENVILLE  STOCK  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

SHEEP. 

Bucks,  one  entry,  Henry  Moore,  Washington,  premium. 

Lambs,  three  entries,  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

JACKS. 

Jacks  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  three  entries,  Stephen  C.  Browne,  Washington, 
premium;  J.  C.  Bascom,  Washington,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Mare  Mules  under  six  months,  ten  entries,  Stephen  C.  Browne,  Washington,  premium;  W. 
H.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Horse  Mule  under  six  months,  nine  entries,  Jos.  McClosky,  Nelson,  premium;  Stephen  C. 
Browne,  Washington,  certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Cow  over  three  years,  six  entries,  W.  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  premium;  Dr.  C.  D.  Case,  Wash- 
ington, certificate. 

Bull  Calves  under  six  months,  five  entries,  J.  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  Dodson,  Nel- 
son, certificate. 

Bull  Calves  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  four  entries,  C.  B.  McClasky,  Nelson,  pre- 
mium; J.  Bowman,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Heifer  Calves  under  six  mouths,  three  entries,  James  C.  Bascom,  Washington,  premium; 
J.  Dodson,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Heifer  Calves  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  ten  entries,  Milton  Rogers,  Washington, 
premium;  W.  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 

HORSES. 

Fine  Horse  Colts  under  six  months,  fourteen  entries,  James  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  premium; 
Wm.  0.  McMeekin,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Fine  Horse  Colts  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  seven  entries,  Jonathan  Browne,  Nel- 
son, premium;  John  Parrot,  Washington,  certificate. 

Fine  Horse  Colts  over  eighteen  and  under  twenty  seven  months,  five  entries,  Peyton  Mc- 
Meekin, Nelson,  premium;  James  Cooper,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Stallions  over  three  years,  six~  entries,  J.  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  premium;  James  C.  Bascom, 
Washington,  certificate. 

Fine  Mare  Colts  under  six  months,  fifteen  entries,  Wm.  O.  McMeekin,  Shelby,  premium; 
A.  L.  Tichnor,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Fine  Mare  Colts  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  nine  entries,  James  Nickols,  Nelson, 
premium;  Jacob  S.  Barlow,  Washington,  certificate. 

Fine  Mare  Colts  eighteen  and  under  twenty-seven  mouths,  three  entries,  Joseph  McClasky, 
Nelson,  premium;  William  Pile,  Washington,  certificate. 

Brood  Mares,  fourteen  entries,  Wm.  0.  McMeekin,  Shelby/premium;  F.  B.  Mitchell,  Wash- 
ington, certificate. 

Horse  Colts  for  all  work,  under  six  months,  fourteen  entries,  Wm.  0.  McMeekin,  Shelby, 
premium;  A  .  L.  Tichnor,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Horse  Colts  for  all  work,  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  seven  entries,  Jas.  Minor, 
Nelson,  premium;  John  Parrot,  Washington,  certificate. 

Horse  Colts  for  all  work,  over  eighteen  and  under  twenty-seven  months,  five  entries,  cut  out 
from  a  show  by  being  behind  the  limited  time  given  to  each  to  get  in  the  ring. 

Mare  Colts  for  all  work,  under  six  months,  fifteen  entries,  A.  L.  Tichnor,  Nelson, premium; 
W.  B.  McMeekin,  Washington,  certificate. 

Mare  Colts  for  all  work,  over  six  and  under  eighteen  months,  nine  entries,  Jacob  S.  Barlow, 
Washington,  premium;  Harvey  Stone,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Mare  Colts  for  all  work,  over  eighteen  and  under  twenty-seven  months,  two  entries,  Wm. 
Pile,  Washington,  premium;  Robert  C.  Harrell,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Saddle  Horses  or  Mare3,  fifteen  entries,  Henry  Duncan, jNelson,  premium;  H.  L.  Ray,  Wash 
ington,  certificate. 

Buggy  Horses  or  Mares,  seven  entries,  J.  D.  Oilman,  Jefferson,  premium;  J.  J.  Tichnor, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

From  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  of  June,  1857. 
GLENVILLE  JUNE  FAIR. 
Iu  another  part  of  this  week's  Farm  Journal,  we  publish  a  full  report  of  the  entries  and 
awards  made  at  the  Glenville  Stock  Fair,  held  on  the  6th  inst.,  from  Mr.  James  C.  Bascom,  the 
Secretary.  There  appears  to  have  been  a  very  spirited  competition  between  Washington  and 
Nelson  counties.  Shelby  was  also  on  hand,  as  she  is  apt  to  be  when  there  is  good  stock  to  be 
seen,  and  carried  off  several  of  the  premiums.  We  thank  Mr.  Bascom  for  his  report.  The 
plan  of  paying  the  premiums  in  good  agricultural  papers,  instead  of  the  small  articles  of  sil- 


394  REPORT  OF  THE 

verware  usually  dispensed  on  such  occasions,  it  will  be  perceived,  proved  entirely  successful. 
The  Directors  of  the  Association  made  a  decided  innovation,  in  the  face  of  much  doubt  and 
opposition,  but  it  proved  a  decided  success,  just  as  it  ought  to  have  done. 


GREEN  RIVER  AGRICULTURAL  AND   MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Glasgow,  January  7,  1858. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  K.  S.  A.  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — The  officers  of  the  Association,  and  their  Post-offices,  are  as  follows: 
A.  Watkins,  President,  Bear  Wallow;  John  H.  Page,  Vice  President,  Scottsville,  Allen  county; 
H.  C.  Crenshaw,  Secretary,  Glasgow;  Thos.  G.  Moss,  Treasurer,  Glasgow;  Z.  R.  Huggins, 
John  Matthews,  Jno.  A.  Hall,  W.  H.  Edmunds,  Glasgow,  Eli  B.  Crain,  Bear  Wallow,  C.  B. 
Hutchison,  Park  P.  0.,  Directors;  J.  R.  Garnett,  Chief  Marshal,  Glasgow. 

The  Green  River  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was  formed  in  the  spring  of 
1852,  and  held  its  first  fair  in  Glasgow,  Ky.,  in  October  of  the  same  year.  The  Society  then 
owned  no  ground,  but  held  their  fair  in  an  open  lot  contiguous  to  town,  and  continued  to  do  so 
until  the  year  1855,  when  a  stock  company  was  formed  for  the  purchase  of  ground  and  the 
erection  of  an  amphitheatre.  A  share  in  this  company  was  fifty  dollars.  They  purchased  six 
acres  of  land  of  Richard  Garnett,  about  three  fourths  of  a  mile  south  of  Glasgow,  on  the 
Louisville  and  Nashville  Turnpike.  It  is  rather  an  elevated  position,  with  a  few  large  poplar 
and  beech  trees  surrounding  it,  and  in  the  rear  i3  a  beautiful  grove  of  beech  trees.  It  is 
handsomely  inclosed  with  a  paleing  fence,  and  has  an  amphitheatre  erected  which  pre- 
sents a  beautiful  view  from  the  road.  The  cost  of  the  ground  and  improvements  was  twenty- 
five  hundred  dollars,  and  upon  this  amount  a  dividend  was  declared  of  fifteen  per  cent,  for  the 
year  1857.  The  exhibition  of  stock  and  domestic  fabrics  has  been  about  as  large  as  we  gen- 
erally have  at  the  different  fairs  throughout  the  State,  and  compares  favorably  with  similar  ex- 
hibitions elsewhere.  In  horses,  mules,  and  hogs,  Barren  county  is  hard  to  beat;  but  in  sheep 
and  cattle  we  are  rather  behind  some  of  our  more  northern  neighbors. 

Respectfully,  &c,  HENRY  C.  CRENSHAW,  Secretary. 

PREMIUMS   AWARDED    AT    THE    GREEN   RIVER    AGRICULTURAL   ASSOCIA- 
TION, FOR  1857. 

Mixed  Jeans,  eight  yards,  Mrs.  Isaac  Smith,  premium  and  certificate. 

Brown  Jeans,  eight  yards,  Mrs.  Mary  Perkins,  premium;  Mrs   I.  Smith,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  eight  yards,  Mrs.  Isaac  Smith,  premium  and  certificate. 

White  Flannel,  eight  yards,  Mrs.  S.  E.  Jones,  premium;  Mrs.  I.  Smith,  certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  eight  yards,  Mrs.  M.  Y.  Perkins,  premium. 

Table  Linen,  five  yards,  Mrs.  Harvy  Myers,  premium  and  certificate. 

Pair  of  Bed  Blankets,  Mrs.  M.  Y.  Perkins,  premium  and  certificate. 

Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  A.  Cake,  premium;  Miss  J.  Winlock,  certificate. 

Half- Hose,  Mrs.  A.  Cake,  premium;  Mrs.  R.  H.  Heather,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  E.  W.  Huggins,  premium;  E.  Balinger,  certificate. 

Woolen  Quilt,  Mrs.  S.  W.  Brent,  premium;  Mrs.  Dr.  Thomas,  certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  E.  Duff,  premium;  Mrs.  I.  Smith,  certificate. 

White  Counterpane,  Mrs.  Jas.  Jordan,  premium;  S.  B.  Settle,  certificate. 

Woolen  Carpet,  ten  yards,  Mrs   Wm.  J.  Wood.piemiura;  Mrs.  A.  Trigg,  certificate. 

Hearth  Rug,  Mrs.  Wm.  E.  Wade,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fancy  Needlework,  Mrs.  John  H.  Gorin,  premium;  Mrs.  E.  W.  Huggins,  certificate. 

Specimen  Embroidery,  Mrs.  John  T-  Cox,  premium;  3.  W.  Brent,  certificate. 

Pair  Mitts,  by  girl  under  twelve  years,  Miss  Winlock,  premium. 

Vest  Pattern,  home  made,  Mrs.  Isaac  Smith,  premium. 

Linen  Shirt,  Miss  Betty  Barlow,  premium. 

Butter,  five  pounds,  Mrs.  W.  M.  Winlock,  premium;  Wm.  Bybee,  certificate. 

Jar  Pickles,  Mrs.  A.  Cake,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Display  of  Apples,  Wm.  H.  Mclntire,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,  Mrs.  Fayette  Winn,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Wood,  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  no  entry. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  3&5 

Beets,  half  bushel,  Mrs.  Wm.  F.  Evans,  premium. 
Onions,  peck,  H.  Eubank,  premium;  C  B.  Hutchison,  certificate. 
Tomatoes,  peck,  Wash  Huggins,  premium;  W.  F.  Evans,  certificate. 
Red  Pepper,  Fayette  Winn,  premium;  H.  Eubank,  certificate. 

HORSES. 

Saddle  Horse  or  Mare,  W.  E.  Wade,  premium;  W.  B.  Marshall,  certificate. 
Buggy   Horse  or  Mare,  W.  E.  Wade,  premium;  J.  S.  Barlow,  certificate. 
Pair  Harness  Horses  or  Mares,  H.  Garnett,  premium;  N.  Herzog,  certificate. 
Saddle  and  Bridle,  S.  H.  Welch,  premium. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  old,  Wm.  Winlock,  premium;  J.  R.  Biggers,  certificate- 
Bull,  two  years  old,  Willis  Wood,  premium. 
Bull,  one  year  old,  W.  M.  Wilson,  premium;  E.  Duff,  certificate. 
Milch  Cow,  W.  H.  Edmunds,  premium  and  certificate. 
Heifer,  two  years  old,  Willis  Wood,  premium. 

Heifer,  one  year  old,  Elijah  Kinslow,  premium;  W.  H.  Edmunds,  certificate. 
Calf,  under  one  year  old,  W.  H.  Edmunds,  premium;  E.  Kinslow,  certificate. 
Pair  Work  Cattle,  W.  S.  Yates,  premium;  Thos.  Winlock,  certificate. 
Best  Boar,  J.  R.  Biggers,  premium;  J.  Lewis,  certificate. 
Best  Sow,  John  Lewis,  premium;  J.  R.  Biggers,  certificate. 
Pair  of  Pigs,  six  months  old  or  under,  John  Lewis,  premium;  J.  R.  Biggers,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Buck  Sheep,  E.  B.  Crain,  premium  and  certificate. 
Ewe  Sheep,  E  B.  Crain,  premium. 

MULES. 

Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,  Wm.  Bybee,  premium;  W.  H.  Edmunds,  certificate. 
Mule,  one  year,  Charles  Patterson,  Green,  premium;  H.  R.  Taylor,  certificate. 
Sucking  Mule,  J.  H   Page,  Allen,  premium;  J.  T.  Rogers,  certificate. 
Pair  of  Harness  Mules,  W.  M.  Wilson,  premium;  W.  H.  McMurray,  certificate. 

HARNESS    STOCK. 

Stallion,  four  years   old  and  over,   C.  B.    Hutcheson,   premium;  J.   C.    McFerran,   certifi- 
cate. 

Stallion,  three  years  old — none  shown. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  W.  H.  Mclnteer,  premium;  B.  Stokes,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  J.  C.  Hibbit,  premium;  W.  B.  Hughes,  certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  C.  B.  Hutcheson,  premium;  H.  B.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old,  E.  B.  Crain,  premium;  Price  Moran,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  S.  W.  Robison,  Green,  premium;  W.  S.  Yates,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  Thomas  Frazier,  Adair,  premium,  M.  Taylor,  certificate. 

Sucking  Colt,  John  H.  Page,  Allen,  premium;  P.  Moran,  certificate. 

DRAFT    STOCK. 

Stallion,  four  years  old,  James  A.  Register,  Monroe,  premium;  C.  Patterson,  certificate 

Stallion,  three  years  old — none  shown. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  Isaac  Settle,  premium;  H.  Vanzant,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  Thomas  Hardy,  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  Albert  Bryan,  premium;  J.  T.  Rogers,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old — none  shown. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  John  Burks,  premium;  B.  Lawless,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old,  W.  B.  Rogers,  premium. 

Sucking  Colt,  W.  M.  Wilson,  premium;  J.  H.  Page,  certificate. 

JACK  STOCK. 

Jack,  three  years  old,  Jerry  Jordan,  premium;  Jno.  Lewis,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  old,  B.  Pemberton,  premium. 

Jack,  one  year  old,  Buford  Pemberton,  premium. 

Jennet,  three  years  old,  K.  P.  Ellis,  premium;  James  Winn,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  old,  Sol.  Quisenberry,  premium. 

Jennet,  one  year  old,  Willis  Word,  premium;  B.  Pemberton,  certificate. 

Jack  or  Jennet  Colt,  Willis  Word,  premium;  W.  M.  Scrivener,  certificate. 

BLOODEO    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old,  W.  M.  Wilson,  premium;  S.  W.  Brent,  certificate. 
Stallion,  three  years  old — none  shown. 
Stallion,  two  years  old,  S.  W.  Brent,  premium. 
Stallion,  one  year  old,  8.  P.  Taylor,  Hart,  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  S.  W.   Robison,    Green,  premium;  W.    Winlock,   certifi- 
cate. 


396  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mare,  three  years  old,  James  D.  Smith,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  W.  M.  Wilson,  premium;  John  Matthews,  certificate. 
Mare,  one  year  old,  A.  Matthews,  premium,  G.  B.  Ellis,  certificate. 
Sucking  Colt,  Allen  Matthews,  premium;  J.  T.  Rogers,  certificate. 

SADDLE    STOCK. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  Jos.  C.  Pace,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  old,  E.  B.  Crain,  premium;  E.  B.  Smith,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old — none  shown. 

Stallion,  one  year  old,  John  F.  Smith,  premium;  E.  B.  Smith,  certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  old,  John  H.  P.ige,  Allen,  premium;  M.  H.  Maupin,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old,  Alex.  Wood,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  old,  H.  R.  M.  Taylor,  premium;  J.  H.  Pointer,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  Jesse  Smith,  premium. 

Sucking  Colt,  J.  H.  Page,  Allen,  premium;  W.  J.  Wood,  certificate. 

Tobacco  to  be  exhibited  next  March. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

The  Exhibition  will  commence  each  day  at  9  o'clock,  by  which  time,  to  avoid  delay  and 
confusion,  all  entries  must  be  made. 

The  Secretary  can  be  found  at  Ritter  &  Sampson's  law  office,  at  which  place  all  Entries 
should  be  made  on  the  day  previous  to  their  Exhibition. 

Persons  not  members  of  the  Association  competing  for  premiums  shall  be  charged  a9 
follows  :   For  a  premium  of  $5  or  less,  $2;  for  a  premium  over  $5,  $5. 

Every  member  of  the  Society  shall  have  the  right,  without  additional  contribution  of  mon- 
ey, to  compete  at  all  Fairs  and  Exhibitions  of  the  Society,  with  articles  of  which  he  may  be 
the  real  owner;  and  no  one  but  the  real  owner  shall  exhibit  any  thing  for  competition. 

All  manufactured  articles  must  be  made  by  the  exhibitor. 

No  member,  except  by  the  consent  of  the  Board,  shall  withdraw  from  the  Society  until  all 
arrearages  are  paid;  and  no  one  in  arrears  shall  compete  for  a  premium. 

The  Board  may  expel  any  member  from  the  Society  for  rude,  disorderly  or  ungentlemanly 
behavior  at  any  of  its  Fairs  or  meetings. 

The  Board  shall  appoint  such  subordinate  officers  as  may,  in  its  judgment,  during  a  Fair.be 
necessary  to  preserve  order,  and  to  promote  the  general  interest  of  the  Society. 

No  aged  animal  that  has  taken  a  premium,  from  this  Society,  shall  afterwards  compete  for 
a  premium. 

No  premium  shall  be  awarded  where  but  one  animal,  or  but  one  article  is  exhibited,  unless 
the  Judges  shall  be  of  opinion  that  the  animal  or  article,  as  the  case  may  be,  is  worthy  of  a 
premium. 

Every  article  or  animal  upon  the  Fair  grounds  shall,  during  the  continuance  of  the  Fair,  be 
under  the  control  of  the  Board. 

Judges  shall  be  appointed  at  least  two  months  prior  to  the  annual  Fair,  and  shall  immediate- 
ly thereafter  be  notified  thereof  by  the  Secretary. 

Articles  exhibited  for  premiums  shall  be  exhibited  by  numbers,  of  which  the  Secretary  shall 
keep  a  register. 

Pedigrees,  with  the  ages,  of  Blooded  Stock,  shall  be  given  to  the  groom  before  he  enters  the 
ring,  and  by  him  handed  to  the  Judges  for  their  inspection. 

Marks  of  any  kind,  or  other  indications  of  ownership,  shall  be  rigidly  excluded  from  all 
articles  competing  for  premiums. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  397 

HARRISON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION, 

Cynthiana,  November  23,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Ky.  S.  A.  Society. 

Dear  Sir  :  The  earlier  history  of  our  Association  has  been  given  you  by  our  able  and 
indefatigable  President,  Gen.  L.  Desha;  and  as,  in  the  transactions  of  our  Society  for  the  cur- 
rent year,  but  little  of  general  interest  has  occurred,  beyond  the  usual  routine  which  is  com- 
mon to  all  Associations  of  like  character,  the  labor  attached  to  the  task  I  have  assumed — at 
the  request  of  the  Board  of  Directory — will  be  trivial,  when  compared  with  that  expended  in 
the  production  of  the  faithful  and  elaborate  account  given,  as  referred  to  above,  by  General 
Desha. 

The  programme  of  our  exhibition  had  been  changed  but  little  from  that  of  1856.  That  one 
seemed  to  have  given  pretty  nearly  a  general  satisfaction,  and  had  attracted  to  our  exhibition 
a  very  large  concourse,  numbering  many  from  abroad,  both  as  spectators  and  as  exhibitors. 

The  gross  receipts  were  about  $3,100,  as  stated  in  the  communication  referred  to;  and  when 
it  is  considered  that  all  stockholders — numbering  some  one  hundred  and  fifty  of  our  leading 
citizens,  together  with  their  entire  families — are  admitted  free,  some  idea  may  be  formed  of 
the  vast  number  in  attendance. 

The  receipts  for  the  present  year  amounted  to  $2,700,  gross.  It  will  be  observed  that  that 
amount,  when  compared  with  the  receipts  of  1856,  exhibits  a  loss  of  $400,  which  is  accounted 
for  by  the  fact  that  we  were  visited  by  heavy  and  continued  rains,  and  gloomy,  dark  weather, 
rendering  our  meeting  extremely  unpleasant,  and  preventing  many  from  attending.  Many 
were  the  expressions  of  disappointment,  uttered  by  those  of  our  county  who  had  set  apart 
this  little  season  of  re  union  and  rest  from  the  toils  of  the  harvest,  just  past.  Still,  we  were 
not  denied  the  pleasure  of  extending  a  welcome  to  many  from  abroad,  who  shared  with  us,  in 
many  instances,  the  awards  we  invite  all  to  compete  for. 

We  exclude  no  one  from  the  exhibition  rings,  and  we  think  the  sphere  of  usefulness  of  such 
Associations  thus  greatly  enlarged,  as  allowing  our  farmers  the  privileges  of  witnessing  the  im- 
provements in  those  labor-saving  machines,  or  implements,  produced  elsewhere,  and  designed 
to  facilitate  them  in  the  cultivation  or  the  harvesting  of  their  crops,  and  to  our  mechanics  the 
means  of  comparing  the  handiwork  of  others  with  their  own. 

The  exhibition  in  the  mechanical  department  ha3  resulted  in  the  adoption  of  many  of  those 
articles  by  our  farmers;  and  we  seethe  "Reaper,"  and  "Thresher,"  or  "Separator,"  superced- 
ing the  laborious  and  tardy  sickle  or  cradle,  and  the  old  fashioned  fljil  and  fan. 

Our  county  has  just  pride  in  the  extensive  manufactory  of  our  energetic  county-man,  Henry 
F.  Cromwell,  who  has,  by  his  industry  and  perseverance,  built  up  the  most  extensive  carriage 
manufactory  in  Kentucky.  And  already  have  the  superb  productions  of  his  hands  superceded 
the  less  beautiful  and  far  less  substantial  and  enduring  carriages  and  buggies  of  the  North 
and  East. 

The  plow  invented  by  him,  also — though  produced  many  years  since — still  holds  the  sway 
over  all  others  for  general  use.  The  extensive  manufactory  of  wagons,  plows,  &c,  for  the 
Southern  market,  both  by  Cromwell  and  by  L.  Oxley,  exceeds  perhaps  that  of  any  city  in  the 
interior  of  the  State.  We  notice  the  favorable  impression  produced  at  our  neighboring  Fairs 
by  the  carriages  and  other  vehicles  of  our  manufactories,  as  winning  the  prizes  wherever  they 
have  gone. 

In  the  exhibition  of  horses,  we  observe  a  very  great  improvement  over  what  might  have 
been  seen  in  former  years  in  our  county.  The  recent  revival  of  the  sports  of  the  turf,  since 
the  unparalleled  performances  of  our  race  horses,  boih  at  home  and  abroad,  has  given  rise  to 
a  wide  spread  taste  for  the  pure  blooded  steeds,  and  many  fine  animals  were  on  exhibition  in 
this  class. 

The  hardy  and  swift-footed  trotter,  of  the  North,  had  its  representatives  here  too,  and  found 
many  friends.  Indeed,  as  this  is  a  purely  American  breed,  evincing  traits  of  character  un- 
known until  developed  by  Americans,  we  ought  to  be  proud  of  it.  And  I  hope  to  see  yet,  in 
Kentucky,  this  class  of  horses, — as  being  better  suited  to  harness  and  light  draught,  and  as  be- 


398  REPORT  OF  THE 

ing  hardier  and  longer  lived — supercede,  to  a  very  considerable  extent,  many  horses  we  have 
now.  To  engraft  them  upon  our  stately  Highlander  or  Messenger  for  the  carriage;  or  upon 
the  wind-cleaving  descendants  of  our  fiery  coursers,  would  certainly  produce  a  race  exceeding- 
ly valuable. 

In  the  cattle  rings,  perhaps,  the  beneficent  and  salutary  influence  of  our  Association  were 
more  evident  than  in  any  other  department.  Some  of  our  stock  were  successful  when  in  com- 
petition with  some  of  the  most  celebrated  cattle  in  Kentucky.  High  prices  have  been  paid  for 
cattle,  and,  in  a  little  while,  we  hope  to  be  able  to  find  the  best,  without  going  beyond  the 
precincts  of  our  own  county. 

Among  the  Sheep  on  exhibition,  we  noticed  the  Southdown,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Merino, 
and  many  excellent  grades.  Many  of  these  have  been  purchased  since  the  formation  of  our 
Association. 

Indeed,  it  may  be  truly  said,  that  since  the  period  of  its  commencement  more  fine  stock  has 
been  purchased  and  brought  into  our  county,  than  within  the  same  lapse  of  time  in  many  years; 
this  we  claim  as  the  excellent  practical  results  of  its  formation.  The  spirit  of  generous  emu- 
lation induced  in  our  county,  resulted  in  the  expenditure  of  vast  amounts  of  money  in  the 
purchase  of  stock. 

The  domestic  department  was  not  as  full  as  we  could  have  desired,  but  many  articles  were 
on  exhibition  that  would  even  compare  with  the  fabrics  of  the  north. 

In  the  productions  of  our  farms,  Wheat  has  risen  to  be  the  great  staple.  For  many  years 
the  article  of  Corn  was  the  chief  crop  of  our  county.  This  was  fed  to  hogs  for  the  Cincin- 
nati and  the  Southern  markets,  and  immense  numbers  of  swine  were  driven  off  every  autumn; 
but  since  the  completion  of  the  great  farmers'  friend — the  Kentucky  Central  Railroad — and 
since  the  means  of  transportation  have  been  rendered  so  easy,  Wheat  has  taken  the  place  of 
Corn,  and  the  increased  amount  produced  by  our  lands,  has  astonished  almost  every  one,  and 
the  income  of  our  farmers  has  been  greatly  increased.  The  ratio  of  increase  in  its  produc- 
tion, which  was  applied  prior  to  the  completion  of  our  Railroad,  would  have  to  be  abandoned 
in  the  computation  of  the  quantity  produced  in  our  county,  as,  since  that  time,  its  increase  has 
been  unparalleled.  I  have  not  at  hand  any  statistics  by  which  I  could  certainly  determine 
the  exact  amount  of  Wheat  raised  in  our  county.  But  several  dealers  of  my  acquaintance, 
with  whom  I  have  conversed,  give  as  their  opinion  that  the  amount  produced  this  year  in  the 
coui.ty  will  exceed  a  half  million  (500,01)0)  bushels.  The  price  in  1856  was  from.$l  to  $1  25. 
During  the  past  autumnal  season  the  price  has  fluctuated  from  $1  10  down  to  70  cents  per 
bushel. 

Hemp,  at  one  time,  was  extensively  raised  in  our  county — the  soil  of  a  portion  of  which 
seems  admirably  adapted  to  its  production;  but  the  fluctuations  and  uncertainty  attached  to 
the  prices,  have  induced  many  of  our  farmers  to  abandon  it  entirely. 

Corn  and  Oats — though  raised  in  large  quantities  and  fed  to  stock — do  not  constitute  arti- 
cles of  much  commerce,  except  within  our  own  county.  The  distillers  use  immense  quanti- 
ties of  the  former  in  the  distillation  of  whiskey.  The  price  of  Corn  last  year  was  $2  per  bar- 
rel.    This  year  it  will  be  sold  at  $1   50  per  barrel. 

Whiskey  may  very  properly  be  classed  as  one  of  the  chief  productions  of  our  county,  and  I 
am  informed  that  at  least  one  half  of  all  the  pure  "Bourbon  Whiskey"  that  is  thrown  upon 
the  markets,  is  manufactured  in  our  county.  And  just  here  I  may  be  allowed  to  say,  that  in 
the  analysis  of  many  specimens  of  this  whiskey,  1  have  never  discovered  the  smallest  particle 
of  strichnine — as  interested  parties  have  charged — in  its  contents.  This  much  I  have  ventur- 
ed to  say  in  behalf  of  that  large  and  respectable  class  of  our  citizens  engaged  in  its  manu- 
facture, and  in  behalf  of  an  article  that  amounts  in  the  aggregate,  in  its  value  in  this  county 
alone,  to  one  half  million  of  dollars,  peihaps. 

During  the  past  year  a  disease  has  appeared  among  the  swine,  which  has  resulted  in  des- 
troying entirely  many  fine  herds.  It  is  generally  denominated  the  "hog  cholera,"  with  as 
little  claim  to  that  name  as  to  any  other.  Not  having  had  an  opportunity  of  dissecting  or  ex- 
amining any  of  them  after  death,  I  can  only  form  ray  opinion  from  what  I  have  witnessed  in 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  399 

the  living  animal,  and  what  I  have  learned  of  its  history  from  the  farmers.  I  am  clearly  of 
the  opinion  that  it  is  an  influenza,  in  which  the  pulmonary  organs  are  most  involved.  There 
is  severe  inflammation  of  the  lungs,  and  a  symptom  sometimes  supervenes — and  one  which  I 
have  witnessed  in  the  progress  of  that  disease  in  the  human  subject — of  diarrhoea,  which  has 
given  rise  to  the  mistake  in  the  nomenclature.  This  disease  is  marked,  in  its  access,  by  se 
vere  rigors,  and  the  dissections — by  the  farmers — reveal  the  fact  that  the  animal  may  die  in 
either  of  the  stages  of  engorgement,  hepatization,  or  purulent  infiltration ;  accounting  for  the 
discrepancy  of  opinion  which  has  obtained  regarding  the  pathological  appearances,  from 
which  many  have  been  led  into  the  error,  that  there  were  different  diseases,  whereas,  the  dif- 
ferent appearances  witnessed  were  results  of  the  different  stages  of  the  same  disease.  For 
the  hog  may  die  in  either  stage.  The  same  phenomena  are  witnessed  in  the  human  being,  and 
post  mortem  examinations  of  those  who  die  at  different  stages  will  reveal  very  different  ap- 
pearances. 

But  the  character  of  this  paper  will  not  admit  of  that  discussion  which    the  subject  merits. 
Indeed,  I  do  not  know  but  that  you  will  look  upon  it  as  a  departure  from  the  legitimate  mat 
ter  of  such  communications  as  this. 

Our  county  is  traversed  by  the  Licking  river  and  its  chief  branch — South  Licking.  The  one 
having  its  source  in  the  mountains  of  the  State.  The  other  in  the  richest  part  of  Kentucky; 
which  will  account  for  the  fact  that  the  bottom  lands  of  the  one  are  comparatively  poor,  and 
the  other  are  as  rich  as  the  bottoms  of  the  Nile. 

Bottom  lands — as  we  call  them — are  all  of  alluvial  formation,  and  while  the  main  Licking — 
during  its  floods — carried  upon  its  bosom  the  poor  and  valueless — so  far  as  the  material  for 
the  formation  of  soil  is  concerned — timbers  with  which  it  was  constantly  clothing  its  shores, 
the  other — South  Licking — was  bringing  the  rich  maple  and  walnut  timbers  and  foliage  to 
produce  the  richest  soils  on  earth. 

The  main  Licking  has  been  navigated  by  the  smaller  class  of  boats  to  Claysville — indeed, 
to  the  Blue  Licks,  far  above — and  was  formerly,  to  the  farmers  of  Harrison,  the  great  avenue 
to  the  markets  of  the  south,  by  means  of  the  flat  boat,  the  productions  of  our  county  found 
their  way  over  its  surface  to  the  Ohio. 

The  South  Licking  affords  fine  water  privileges,  and  is  occupied  by  a  number  of  fine  flour- 
ing mills  and  distilleries.     It  is  not  navigable. 

This  report,  very  hastily  made,  may  omit  many  things  of  importance,  and  may  contain 
many  irrelevant  matters,  but  I  trust  they  may  be  overlooked. 

Our  officers  are — Gen.  L.  Desha,  President;  Dr.  John  Kirkpatric,  Recording  Secretary; 
Joseph  Desha,  Corresponding  Secretary;  James  Miller,  C.  Walton,  David  Dills,  VVm.  H.  Wil- 
son, Frank  Gray,  Larkiu  Garnett,  Henry  Nichols,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  A.  H.  Ward,  and  Henry 
F.  Cromwell,  Directors. 

Accompanying  this  you  will  find  the  Address  of  Maj.  James  R.  Curry,  delivered  at  our 
Fair.  Respectfully  submitted, 

JOHN  KIRKPATRIC,  Secretary. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  HARRISON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHAN- 
ICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR   1857. 
FIRST  D.\Y. 

WOOLEN     FABRICS. 

Best  ten  yards  home  made  Jeans,     -  $  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  home  made  Negro  Jeans,           .---...  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  home  made  White  Linsey, -         -  2  00 

Best  teu  yards  Striped  or  Plaid  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  ten  yards  Colored  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  ten  yards   Flannel, 2  00 

Best  pair'of  Hose, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Halt-Hose, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Blankets, 3  00 

Best  Hearth  Rug,              2  00 

Best  Carpet, --  3  00 


400  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  pair  of  Mils,     ■■'_'. 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Gloves, 1  00 

Best  specimen  of  Embroidery, 5  00 

Judges — I.  N.  Miller,  Robt.  S.  Haviland  and  J.  D.  Thomas. 

COTTEN,    WOOLEN  AND    LINEN    FABRICS. 

Best  pair  Cotton  Hose, $  1  00 

Best  pair  Cotton  Half-Hose,     -'■ I  00 

Best  Flax  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Best  Tow  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Best  Hemp  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Best  Linen  Thread,  one  pound, -         -         -  1  00 

Judges — Joel  F.  Love,  Leon  Cuson  and  James  B.  Curl. 

NEEDLEWORK. 

Best  Silk  Quilt, $  10  00 

Best  Worsted  Patchwork  Quilt,        -J -  7  00 

Best  Cotton  Patchwork  Quilt, 7  80 

Best  Bedspread, 3  00 

Best  Solid  Quilt, 3  00 

Best  Linen  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady,             - -         -  2  00 

Best  Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady, 2  00 

Best  Linen  Shirt,  made  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,             ...  2  00 

Best  Cotton  Shirt,  made  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,            ...  2  00 

Best  Specimen  of  Silk  Embroidery, 3  00 

Best  Specimen  of  Cotton  or  Linen  Embroidery, 2  00 

Best  Jeans  Coat,  by  a  lady, 2  00 

Best  Vest, 2  00 

Judges— J.  S.  Boyd,  Dr.  S.  E.  Broadwell  and  M.  Bliss. 

HATS,  KENTUCKY  MANUFACTURE. 

Best  Fur  Hat, -                  -         -  $  2  00 

Best  Silk  Hat, 200 

Best  Wool  Hat, l  00 

Judges — Jas.  N.  Frazier,  Perry  Wherritt  and  Green  Remington. 

HARNESS,  BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

Best  set  of  Double  Harness,  carriage,       --------  $  5  00 

Best  set  of  Double  Harness,  wagon, -  5  00 

Best  set  of  Double  Harness,  buggy, 5  00 

Best  Gents'  Saddle  and  Bridle, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Fine  Boots, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Coarse  Boots, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Negro  Shoes, 1  00 

Best  Ladies  Saddle, 3  00 

Judges — Richardson  Kimbrough,  Tbos.  G.  Hays  and  Jas.  I  Victor. 

FRUITS. 

Best  display  of  Apples, -  $  1  00 

Best  display  of  Pears, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Peaches. 1  00 

Best  display  of  Plums,  ' 1  00 

Best  display  of  Quinces, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Grapes, 1  00 

Judges— Major  Curry,  Dr.  Joel  C.  Frazer,  Dr.  John  O.  Hodges,  Phillip  Ammerman  and  W. 
S.  Haviland. 

PANTRY    AND    DAIRY. 

Best  Ham,  cooked  and  mode  of  curing, -  $  1  00 

Best  Barrel  of  Flour, -  300 

Best  Loaf  of  Corn  Bread,  mode  of  making,  &c,     ------  1  00 

Best  Loaf  of  Wheat  Bread,  mode  of  making,  &c, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Preserves, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Pickles, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Jellies,             - -  1  00 

Best  display  of  Cake, 2  00 

Best  gallon  of  Apple  Butter, 1  °° 

Best  ten  pounds  of  Cheese, 1  00 

Best  two  pounds  of  Butter, -    ,     -  1  00 

Best  five  pounds  of  Honey, 1  00 

Best  Canned  Peaches,  one  year  old,  mode  of  preserving,           ....  1  00 

Best  Tomatoes,  with  mode  of  preserving,         .......  1  00 

Judges— Geo.  King,  J.  Wes  Lair,  Wm.  Bradley. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  401 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  of  Turkeys, $  1  00 

Best  five  or  more  Ducks, 3  00 

Best  display  of  five  or  more  Chickens, 3  00 

Judges — Robt.  Kimbrough,  John  Redmon  and  Wesley  Barrett. 

GARDEN    PRODUCTS. 

Best  Potatoes,  one  bushel, $  1  00 

Best  display  of  varieties  of  Potatoes, 2  00 

Best  display  of  varieties  of  Sweet  Potatoes, 2  00 

Best  display  of  Cabbage,  six  heads, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Tomatoes, 2  00 

Best  dozen  Turnips,  table  use, 1  00 

Best  dozen  Beets,  table  use,     ----,------  1  00 

Best  dozen  Parsnips, 1  00 

Best  dozen  Celery, 1  00 

Best  half  dozen  Egg  Plant, 1  00 

Best  Onions,  one  peck, 1  00 

Best  Cantelopes, 1  00 

Best  Watermelons,  half  dozen, 2  00 

Judges — Thos.  Ware,  Jas.  J.  Tebbs  and  Major  Curry. 

CARRIAGES,    &C. 

Best  Carriage, $  10  00 

Best, Buggy, 10  00 

Judges— John  Forwood,  of  Scott;  Col.  C.  J.  Sanders,  of  Fayette-,  C.  Brent,  of  Paris;  Maj. 
Kimbrough;  McMillen,  of  Nicholas. 

FLOWERS. 

Best  display  of  Flowers  in  crocks,  tubs,  &c, $  3  00 

Handsomest  Boquet, 2  00 

Handsomest  Floral  Design, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Artificial  Flowers, 3  00 

Judges— W.  W.  Trimble,  James  C.  Currie,  I.  T.  Morton,  H.  Williams  and  Jas.  S.  Withers. 

CABINET    AND    CARPENTERS    WORK. 

Best  Bedstead, ' §  5  00 

Best  Work  Table,  ladies', 2  00 

Best  Bureau,              3  00 

Best  Washing  Machine, 2  00 

Best  Churn, 1  00 

Best  half  dozen  Split  Botton  Chairs, 2  00 

Judges. — Wm.  Shumate,  John  B.  McKinley  and  John  H.  Mcllvaine. 

AGRICULTURAL  IMPLEMENTS. 

Best  two  horse  Plow  for  sod,       -         -         - 5  00 

Best  two  horse  Plow  for  stubble, .  5  06 

Best  Wagon,  large  or  small,       ....         -------5  00 

Best  large  Harrow,     -------------  3  00 

Best  Roller, 3  00 

Best  Cutting  Box,  plan  and  material,           ---------  3  00 

Best  Threshing  Machine, 10  06 

Best  Mower, 10  00 

Best  Reaper, 10  00 

Best  Reaping  and  Mowing  Machine,  combined,           -         -         -    ;     -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Corn  Crusher, 3  00 

Best  Wheat  Fan, 3  00 

Best  Wheat  Drill,       -------------5  00 

Best  Hay  Rake,          -         •                  3  00 

Judges— John  McKee,  Silas  G.  Stirman,  Thos.  Ashbrook,   G.  R.  Sharpe,  and  Noah  S.  Pat- 
terson. 

PRODUCTS    OF   THE    FIELD. 

Best  Corn,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres,  --------  5  00 

Best  Corn,  dozeu  ears  for  bread,          ----------  1  00 

Best  Wheat,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres, -  5  00 

Best  Wheat,  specimen  of  one  bushel, -        -         -         -  3  00 

Best  Oats,  iargest  yield,  five  acres, 4  00 

Best  Oats,  specimen  of  one  bushel,    -                   1  00 

Best  Timothy,  largest  yield  five  acres,        •------.-  3  00 

Best  Barley,  largest  yield  five  acres, 5  00 

Best  Rye,  largest  yield  five  acres, -  3  00 

26 


402  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Clover,  largest  yield  five  acres, -        -        -        3  00 

Best  Clover  Seed,  Kentucky  raised,  one  bushel,  -         -         "         *         *         ■         -         5  00 

Best  Timothy  Seed,  Kentucky  raised,  one  bushel,       ........         2  00 

Best  Hemp,  fifty  pounds,  dew  rotted,  produce  of  last  year,  -         -         -         -         -         5  00 

[Each  sample  of  Hemp  to  be  accompanied  by  satisfactory  proof,  that  the  sample  is  a  fair  one, 
of  a  crop  of  not  less  than  a  ton  of  the  last  year's  growth.] 

Judges — Paul  King,  M.  W.  Rankin,  Harvey  Rowland,  Col.  T.  T.  Garnett,  and  Jacob  Rena- 
ker,  Sr. 

LEATHER — KENTUCKV  MANUFACTURE. 

Best  side  of  Sole  Leather, 2  00 

Best  side  of  Upper  Leather,        -         -         - 2  00 

Best  side  of  Harness  Leather, 2  00 

Best  side  of  Skirting  Leather, 3  00 

Best  half  dozen  Calf  Skins, 5  00 

Best  half  dozen  Hog  Skins, 2  00 

Best  half  dozen  Dog  Skins, .2  00 

Judges— Capt.  Wm.  Thompson,  Perry  Wherritt,  Will.  MeMurtry,  H.  Coffman,  E.  B.  Haw- 
kins, and  Thos   D.  Urmstead. 

HORSEMANSHIP. 

Best  rider  on  horseback,  boy  under  thirteen  years  of  age,  -         -         -         -         -         -         7  00 

Second  best  rider  on  horseback,  boy  under  thirteen  years  of  age,         -         -         -         -         5  00 

Judges — Joel  C.  Frazier,  John  Kirkpatric,  John  Shawhan,  John  W.  Dills,  and  John  Steers. 

All  premiums  awarded  by  the  association  of  an  amount  corresponding  to  two  or  three  dol- 
lars, will  be  paid  in  bound  volumes  of  the  Farm  Journal. 

Persons  competing  for  a  premium  for  the  largest  yield  per  acre  or  half  acre,  are  to  have  the 
ground  measured  by  a  competent  surveyor,  and  must  produce  his  certificate  as  to  the  quantity 
in  cultivation. 

Persons  competing  for  premiums  on  corn,  to  have  the  ground  measured  by  a  surveyor,  with 
chain  and  compass,  who  must  make  affidavit  of  the  correctness  of  his  survey,  arid  two  or  more 
persons,  in  no  wise  related  to  or  interested  with  the  exhibitor,  to  make  affidavit  to  the  gather- 
ing and  measuring  of  the  corn  from  an  average  acre.  The  corn  to  be  left  standing  until  No- 
vember 1st,  to  be  measured  in  a  sealed  half  bushel,  and  number  of  bushels  stated  to  the 
President;  and  the  premium  to  be  awarded  to  him  who  from  the  proof  shall  have  produced 
the  largest  quantity  on  the  five  acres. 

In  ascertaining  the  quantity  of  Wheat,  Oats,  Barley,  and  Meadow,  an  average  acre  shall  be 
set  apart  and  surveyed,  as  above,  and  the  yield  of  this  acre,  cut  and  measured,  or  weighed  to 
itself;  a  certificate  thereof  to  be  signed  by  three  disinterested  persons.  Persons  competing 
for  premiums  who  are  not  members  of  the  Association,  must  pay  to  the  Treasurer  five  dollars. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BREEDING   CATTLE. 

Best  Bull  four  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Best  Bull  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ---------  10  00 

Best  Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three,    ---------  7  00 

Best  Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,          ---------  5  00 

Best  Bull  under  one  year, 5  00 

Best  Cow  four  years  old  and  upward, 10  00 

Bast  Cow  three  years  old  and  under  four,              -         -                   10  00 

Best  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three,    ---------  7  00 

Best  Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two,         .........  5  00 

Best  Cow  under  one  year  old,      ...--.-.---  5  00 
Judges — Edwin    Bedford,   George  H.  Perrin,  Chas.  T.  Garrard,  Wm.  Warfield,  of  Fayette, 
and  S.  F.  Tebb3,  of  Clarke 

SWEEPSTAKES  FOR  CATTLE. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age, 1000 

Best  Cow  of  any  age, - -       10  00 

Judges — Dr.  A.  H.  Wall,  of  Mason;  John  Redmon,  Ruben  Elutchcraft,  S.  H.  Corbin,  of 
Bourbou;  and  Harvey  Gray. 

HERD. 

Best  herd,  one  Bull  and  four  or  more  Cows  or  Heifers, 20  00 

Judges—  Will.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke;  Geo.  M.  Bedford,  of  Bourbon;  Wm.  H.  Forsythe;  Dr. 
B.  F.  bedinger,  of  Boone;  and  Dr.  Jas.  Offut,  of  Scutt. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Cow,  or  Spaved  Heifer,  three  years  old  and  over,     -         -         6  00 
Best  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Cow,  or  Spayed  Heifer,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    -        6  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  403 

Best  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Cow,  or  Spayed  Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         5  00 
Best  four  Fatted  Sheep. 7  00 

Judges— Jack.  Fowler,  Milt.  Rankin;  Wesley  Hoggiu3,  of  Kenton;  John  W.  Kimbrough, 
John  Williams,  Sr. 

WORK  OXEN. 

Best  Oxen  for  work,' 7  00 

Judges — Will.  Garnett,  Leroy  Rankin,  and  James  J.  Ammerman. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Long  Wool,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell,  Oxfordshire  Buck,  two  years  old  and 

over,    ---■-. 6  00 

Best  Long  Wool,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell,  Oxfordshire  Buck,  one  year  old  and 

under  two,  ----- 4  00 

Best  Long  Wool,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell,  Oxfordshire  Ewe,  two  and  over,     -  6  00 

Best  Long  Wool,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell,  Oxfordshire  Ewe,  one  and  under  two,  4  00 

Best  Middle  Wool,  Southdown  Buck,  two  years  and  over, 6  00 

Best  Middle- Wool,  Southdown  Buck,  one  year  aud  under  two, 4  00 

Best  Middle  Wool,  Southdown  Ewe,  two  years  and  over,  -         -  6  00 

Best  Middle  Wool,  Southdown  Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two,     -         -         -         -         -  4  00 

Fine  Wool,  Saxony  and  Merino,  best  Buck,        --------  8  00 

Fine  Wool,  Saxony  and  Merino,  best  Ewe, 8  00 

Judges — Robt.  Scott,  Hamilton  Rankin,  O.  H.  Buibridge,  of  Bourbon;  B.  F.  Bedford,  of 
Bourbon;  and  Lewis  Jamison. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar  two  years  old  and  over, 5  00 

Best  Boar  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  4  00 

Best  Boar  six  months  old  and  under  one  year, '  -         -  3  00 

Best  four  fat  Hogs, 5  00 

Best  Sow  two  years  and  over, ------  4  00 

Best  Sow  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         -         - 4  00 

Best  Sow  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,      -         -  -         -  3  00 

Best  Pair  of  Pigs, 5  00 

Judges  — B.  F.  Dills,  Henry  Shawhan,  Rodes  Wigglesworth,  Harrison  Magee,  and  Jas.  Har- 
vey Martin. 

SADDLE  MARES    AND    GELDINGS. 

Best  Mare  for  saddle,  four  years  old  and  over, 

Best  Mare  for  saddle,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 

Best  Mare  for  saddle,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 

Best  Mare  for  saddle,  one  year  old  aud  under  two,     -         -         -         - 

Best  Gelding  for  saddle,  four  years  old  and  over,         .... 

Best  Geldiug  for  saddle,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     - 

Best  Gelding  for  saddle,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     - 

Judges — James  McClelland,  of  Bourbon;  John  Weeks,  of  Scott;  Dr. 
Fayette;  James  T.  Nichols,  and  Felix  Ashbrook. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Stallion,  under  one  year, -  6  00 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,       .........  10  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year, 6  00 

Pedigree  must  be  handed  to  the  Secretary  previous  to  the  exhibition  of  the  above  stock. 

Judges — Jus.  Shawhan,  Dr.  J.  Taylor  Bradford,  of  Bracken;  Capt.  John  Cunningham,  of 
Bourbon;  John  M.  Clay,  of  Fayette;  Dr.  Menifee,  of  Nicholas. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

(Irrespective  of  peculiar  breed  or  pedigree.) 

Best  Stallion,  over  three  years, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  and  under  three  years,  - -         -         -  7  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  and  under  two  years, -'        -         -  5  00 

Best  Colt,  under  one  year, 5  00 


. 

-   10  00 

- 

-   10  00 

-   10  00 

-   10  00 

-   10  00 

. 

-   10  00 

-   10  00 

John  R. 

Desha,  of 

404  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  two  and  under  three,         -                                    7  00 

Best  Mare,  one  and  under  two,  ----- 5  0(J 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year  old5 5  00 

Best  Gelding  of  any  age  for  draft, 10  00 

Judges — John   C.  Johnson,    Major  Kimbrough,   Richard  Stowers,    F.  G.    Veach,   and  Wm. 
Bradley. 

MULES. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Best  Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old, -         .         -  8  00 

Best  Pair  Horse  Mules  in  harness,              -         • 10  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  and  under  two, 10  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under, 8  00 

Best  Pair  Mare  mules  in  harness,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -        -         -  10  00 

Judges — Jas.  McKimbrough,  Alex.  S.  Miller,  of  Bourbon;  Richard  Jamison,   Ben.  Groom, 
of  Clarke;  and  Wm.  G.  Hedges. 

JACKS. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward,         - 10  00 

Best  Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ---------  10  00 

Best  Jack  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  -                                    8  00 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  old  and  over,        -         -         -         - 10  00 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -  10  00 

Best  Jennet  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Judges— John  A.  Miller,  of  Bourbon;  Silas  Sparks,  Elijah   Kirtley,  John  Hill,  of  Bourbon; 
and  Jas.  Musselman. 

Best  Jack  of  any  age,          -         -         -         - 10  00 

Best  Jennet  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges— Danl.  S.  Talbott,  Nathaniel   Rogers,  of  Bourbon;  Paul    King,  G.    R.   Sharp,  and 
Noah  S.  Patterson. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

HORSES  FOR    HARNESS. 

Best  Stallion,  in  or  out  of  harness,  four  years  and  over.     -         -                  -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  in  or  out  of  harness,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  in  or  out  of  harness,  two  years  and  under  three,    -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  in  or  out  of  harnass,  one  year  and  under  two,         -         -         -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Stallion  Colt,  in  or  out  of  harness,  under  one  year  old,       -         -         -         -         -  6  00 

Best  Mare,  in  or  out  of  harness,  four  years  old  aud  over, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  in  or  out  of  harness,  three  years  old  and  under  four,          -         -  .       -         -  10  00 

Best  Mare,  in  or  out  of  harness,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Mare,  in  or  out  of  harness,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Mare  Colt,  in  or  out  of  harness,  under  one  year  old, 6  00 

Judges— Wm.   Skinner,    Cliff  Kennedy,  of   Fayette;  Capt.    Wm.  McClelland,  of  Bourbon; 
Frank  Rust,  of  Boone;  and  Wm.  Tucker,  of  Grant. 

Best  Pair  Carriage  Horses,  in  harness,       - 10  00 

Best  Pair  Buggy  Horses  in  harness,  - 10  00 

Best  Pair  Buggy  Mares  in  harness, -         -  10  00 

Gelding  for  harness  in  harness,  four  years  and  over,  -         -         -         -         .         .         -  10  00 

Gelding  for  harness  in  harness,  three  years  and  under  four,        -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Gelding  for  harness  in  harness,  two  years  and  under  three,          -         -         -         -         -  10  00 
Judges — Thornt.  Marshall,  of  Bracken;  Laboyteaux,  of  Cincinnati;  Dalton,   of  Mayaville; 
John  McClintock,  of  Bourbon;  and  Robert  Sims,  of  Nicholas. 

STALLIONS    FOR    SADDLE. 

(To  be  exhibited  under  saddle.) 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  -         - 10  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  -         -         -         -         -         .  ■               .         -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,        -         -         -         -         -         -         .         .         .  6  00 

Best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,      -                                    8  00 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year  old, 6  00 

Judges— Jos.   McClelland,  of  Bourbon;  Wm.    Cromwell,  of  Fayette;  W.    B.  Glave,  Alex. 
Patton,of  Bourbon;  and  Thos.  Lewis,  of  Clarke. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  40§ 

BROOD  MARES. 

Best  brood  Mare, 10  00 

Judges — W.  T.  Redmon,  Thos.  L.  Garrard,  of  Pendleton;  D.  Byares,  Bracken;  Dr.  Pollock, 
of  Madison;  James  Jamison. 

Best  Stallion  of  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Mare  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — Thos.  Steele,  of  Woodford;  Elisha  Smith,  of  Fayette;  John  S.  Moore,  of  Clarke; 
Ed.  Clark,  of  Bourbon;  and  Dennis  Nichols,  of  Lincoln. 

Best  Gelding  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — Geo.  Crain,  of  Cincinnati;  Dr.  L.  Herr,  of  Lexington;  Ben.  Robertson,  of  Mont- 
gomery; Jas.  Kinslear,  of  Grant;  and  John  Lincoln,  of  Fayette. 

RULES  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  No  person  shall  be  allowed  to  enter  and  exhibit  stock  of  which  he  is  not  the  owner  or 
breeder,  nor  any  article  unless  he  be  the  manufacturer,  inventor,  or  importer  thereof,  and  if 
any  person  violate  this  rule,  he  shall  not  receive  a  premium. 

2.  No  person  shall  be  allowed  to  enter  the  ring  at  the  time  of  the  exhibition  of  his  own 
stock,  and  in  violation  of  this  rule  shall  forfeit  his  premium,  provided  this  rule  shall  not  be  so 
construed  as  to  prevent  the  owner  from  riding  or  driving  his  stock  at  the  time  of  its  exhibi- 
tion. 

3.  All  stock  or  articles  intended  for  exhibition,  must  be  entered  with  the  Secretary,  previous 
to  10  o'clock  of  that  day  on  which  chey  are  to  be  exhibited. 

4.  Entries  of  growing  crops  must  be  made  as  follows:  Wheat,  Barley,  and  Oats,  on  or  be- 
fore the  10th  of  July;  Hemp  and  Hay  on  the  1st  day  of  September;  and  Corn  on  or  before  the 
last  day  of  the  Fair  in  each  year. 

5.  No  premium  shall  be  awarded  to  any  object  when  there  is  no  competition,  unless  the 
Judges  shall  deem  such  object  worthy  of  it. 

6.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  compete  for  more  than  one  premium,  except  in  the  sweep- 
stake rings,  or  herd,  at  the  same  Fair. 

7.  No  Cow,  Bull,  Jack,  Jennet,  Brood  Mare,  or  Stallion,  four  years  old  or  upwards,  shall  be 
permitted  to  compete  for  a  premium  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

8.  No  person,  ("other  than  the  Judges)  shall  be  allowed  to  go  into  the  ring  where  the  stock 
is  exhibited,  except  the  Officers  of  the  Association  above  named. 

9.  No  animal  or  article  shall  compete  in  any  ring,  in  which  it  has  been  a  successful  compet- 
itor at  any  previous  exhibition. 

LIST  OF  PREMIUMS    AWARDED  AT    THE  HARRISON    COUNTY  AGRICULTU- 
RAL AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

WOOLEN    FABRICS. 

Best  ten  yards  of  home  made  Jeans,  Mrs.  Thomas  McFarland,  premium. 

Best  ten  yards  negro  Jeans,  Mrs.  John  Williams,  premium:  Mrs.  Paul  King,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Flannel,  Mrs.  Fanny  Hedges,  premium. 

Best  pair  of  hose,  Mrs.  Joel  F.  Love,  premium;  Mrs.  Will.  Magee,  certificate. 

Best  half-hose,  Mrs.  Joel  F.  Love,  premium;   Mrs.  Fanny  Hedges,  certificate. 

Best  Blankets.  Mrs.  Fanny  Hedges,  premium;  Mrs    Frank  Gray,  certificate. 

Best  Carpet,  Mrs.  Andrew  Garoett,  premium;  Mrs.  Paul  King,  certificate. 

Best  pair  gloves,  Mrs.  Harvey  Gr.iy,  premium. 

Best  specimen  of  embroidery,  Mrs.  E.  Barlow,  premium;  Miss  Mollie  Remington,  certifi- 
cate. 

COTTON,    WOOLEN    AND    LINEN    FABRICS. 

Best  pair  cotton  hose,  Mrs.  Fanny  Hedges,  premium. 
Best  flax  linen,  ten  yards,  Mrs.  George  Rymel,  premium. 
Best  tow  linen,  ten  yards,  Mrs.  Len.  Stump,  premium. 
Best  hemp  linen,  ten  yards,  Mrs.  George  Rymel,  premium. 
Best  linen  thread,  one  pound,  Mrs.  George  Rymel,  premium. 


406  REPORT  OF  THE 

NEEDLE    WORK. 

Best  silk  quilt,  Mrs.  Mat.  Kimbrough,  premium. 

Best  worsted  patchwork  quilt,  Mrs.  James  McKimbrough,  premium;  Mrs.  T.R.Rankin, 
certificate. 

Best  cotton  patchwork  quilt,  Mrs.  M.  Lair,  premium;  Mr3.  D.  B.  Lemon3,  certificate. 

Best  bed  spread,  Mrs.  Fanny  Hedges,  premium;  Mrs.  Willis  Ziler,  certificate. 

Best  linen  shirt  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  E.  Barlow,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  R.  Rankin,  certifi- 
cate. 

Be3t  cotton  shirt  made  by  a  lady,  Miss  Nan.  Redmon,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  R.  Rankin,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  specimen  silk  embroidery,  Miss  E.  Ware,  premium;  Miss  Elizabeth  Kimbrough,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  cotton  or  linen  embroidery,  Mrs.  I.  T.  Martin. 

HARNESS,    B00T3    AND    SHOES. 

Best  set  double  harness,  Turtoy  &  Eveleth,  premium. 
Best  set  double  harness,  wagon,  Turtoy  &  Eveleth,  premium. 
Best  gent's  saddle  and  bridle,  Turtoy  &  Eveleth,  premium. 
Best  ladies'  saddle,  Turtoy  &  Eveleth,  premium. 

FRUITS. 

Best  display  of  apples,  F.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  display  of  plums,  Mrs.  Will.  Haviland,  premium;  Miss  Emma  Webster,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  display  of  grapes,  Will.  Bumbarger,  premium. 

PANTRY    AND    DAIRY. 

Best  ham,  cooked,  Mrs.  F.  Gray,  premium;  Mrs.  Gen.  Desha,  certificate. 

Best  barrel  of  flour,  W.  S.  Haviland,  premium. 

Best  loaf  of  corn  bread,  Mrs.  F.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  loaf  of  wheat  bread,  Mrs.  Dr.  Perrin,  premium;  Mrs.  Larkin  Garnett,  certificate. 

Best  preserves,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Wilson,  premium;  Mrs.  Wornall,  certificate. 

Best  display  of  cake,  Mrs.  Wornall,  premium;  Miss  Ellen  Desha,  certificate. 

Best  ten  pounds  cheese,  Mrs.  John  Lair,  premium. 

Best  ten  pounds  butter,  Mrs.  F.  Gray,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Tebbs,  certificate. 

Best  ten  pound3  honey,  Mrs.  Joe  Love,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  H.  Wilson,  certificate, 

poultry . 
Best  pair  ducks,  F.  Gray,  premium;  James  V.  Terry,  certificate. 
Best  display  chickens,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  premium;  James  V.  Terry,  certificate. 

garden  products. 
Best  specimen  potatoes,  William  Bumbarger,  premium;  Robert  Scott,  certificate. 
Best  display  varieties,  potatoes,  F.  Gray,  premium;  Mrs.  L.  Garnett,  certificate. 
Best  cabbage,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  premium;  W.  S.  Haviland,  certificate. 
Best  tomatoes,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  premium;  I.  T.   Martin,  certificate. 
Best  beets,  Thornton  Ammerman,  premium;  William  Bumbarger,  certificate. 
Best  parsnips,  W,  G.  Hedges,  premium. 
Best  egg  plant,  M.  L.  Broadwell,  premium. 
Best  onions,  Maj.  Will.  Gray,  premium;  C.  F.  Hendricks,  certificate. 

FLOWERS. 

Handsomest  boquet,  Mrs.  S.  F.  January,  premium. 

carriages-,  &c. 
Best  carriage,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 
Best  buggy,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

Of  this  department  our  county  and  State  may  feel  justly  proud.     The  "elegant,"  "superb/' 
and  "magnificent"  was  the  utterance  of  eyery  tongue  when    viewing  the  exhibitions  of  arti- 
cles in  this  line  from  the  manufactory  of  our  fellow  townsman,  H.  F.  Cromwell. 
cabinet  and  carpenter's  work. 
Best  churn,  I.  T-  Martin,  premium;  Baldwin,  DeWitt  &  Co.,  certificate. 

agricultural  implements. 
Best  plow  for  sod,  L.  Oxley,  premium. 
Best  plow  for  stubble,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 
Best  Wagon,   H.  F.  Cromwell,  premiuta. 
Best  cutting  box,  L.  Oxley,  premium. 
Best  threshing  machine,  C.  Hope  Redmon,  premium. 
Best  wheat  fan,  H.  F.  Cromwell,  premium. 

products  of  the  field. 
•  Best  dozen  ears  of  corn,  W.  G.  Hedges,  premium. 
Best  specimen  wheat,  John  Morris,  premium;  James  Renaker,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  407 

Best  specimen  oats,  F.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  timothy  seed,  F.  Gray,  premium;  Robert  Scott,  certificate. 

Best  hemp,  T.  Ammernian,  premium. 

LEATHER — KENTUCKY  MANUFACTURE. 

Best  side  of  upper  leather,  William  Thompson,  premium. 
Best  harness  leather,  William  Thompson,  premium. 

HORSEMANSHIP. 

Best  rider  on  horseback,  boy  under  thirteen  years  of  age,  Master  Hildreth,  premium. 
Second  best,  Master  Keunedy,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BREEDING    CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Geo.  M.  Bedford,  premium;  (King  Cyrus  [609]  (bred 
by  A.  Rennick)  by  Rennick,  [903]  dam  Blossom  by  Imperial  Cossack,  alias  Julius  Caesar, 
W.  H.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Dr.  McMillen,  of  Nicholas,  premium;  Jas.  J. 
Tebbs,  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  C.  T   Garrard,  premium;  Gen.  Desha,  certificate. 

Best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  G.  M-  Bedford,  premium;  (Red  Comet,  bred  by 
owner,  by  King  Cyrus,  [609]  dam  Miss  Dun  by  White  Comet,  [1093];)  Joe  M.  Patterson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Bull,  under  one  year  old,  Dr.  Taylor,  premium;  (this  calf  was  sold  to  L.  Garnett) ; 
Wm.  Redmon,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  four  years  old  and  over,  W.  II.  Wilson,  premium;  Jas.  Snell,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  John  Moore,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Wesley  Sparks, 
certificate. 

Best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Geo.  M.  Bedford,  premium;  (Ivanora  1st  by  King 
Cyrus  [609],  dam  Eliza  Dillard  by  Young  Comet,  1132);  Gen.  Desha,  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  G.  M  Bedford,  premium;  (Ivanora  2d,  pedigree  as 
Ivanora  1st);  W.  H.  Wilson,  certificate. 

Best  Calf,  G.  M.  Bedford,  premium;  (Lady  Franklin  2d  by  King  Cyrus  (609);  dam  Lady 
Franklin  by  Young  Paragon) ;  Dr.  Taylor,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull  of  any  age,  Charles  T.  Garrard,  premium,  Gen.  Desha,  certificate. 
Best  Cow  of  any  age,  G.  M.  Bedford,  premium;   (Bedford's  cow  was  Ivanora,  as  mentioned 
above);  John  H.  Moore,  certificate. 

HERD. 

Geo.  M.  Bedford,  premium;  (1.  Bull  King  Cyrus;  2d.  Cous  1st  Atosa  by  King  Cyrus  (609), 
dam  Susan  by  Young  Paragon;  3.  Florentia  2d,  by  King  Cyrus  (609),  dam  Florentiaby  Garis 
Comet  (550;)  4th.  Ivanora;  5th.  Ivanora  2d;  6th.  Lady  Franklin  2d,  as  above);  Wm.  H.Wil- 
son, certificate. 

The  exhibition  in  the  above  ring  throughout  was  one  of  exceeding  interest  and  attracted  the 
attention  and  admiration  of  the  vast  crowd  in  attendance.  Indeed,  the  entire  exhibition  of 
cattle  was  creditable  to  our  county  as  well  as  those  who  came  from  abroad. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Frank.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Boar,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  A.  C.  Shropshire,  premium;  F.  J.  Gray,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Sow,  two  years  old  and  over,  F  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Sow,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  K.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  pair  Pigs,  W.  H.  Wilson,  premium. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  aged  Fat  Bullock,  Charles  T.  Garrard,  premium. 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  G.  M.  Bedford,  premium;  Jos.  M.  Patterson, 
certificate. 

WORK    OXEN. 

Best  Work  Oxen,  John  Jamison,  premium;  Geo.  King,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Best  Long  Wool  Buck,  two  years  old,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  buck,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Long  Wool  Ewe,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Middle  Wool  Buck,  two  years  old  and  over,  J.  F.  Love,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  two  years  old  and  over,  J.  F.  Love,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  J.  F.  Love,  premium. 


408  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Fine  Wool  Buck,  any  age,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 
Best  Ewe,  of  any  age,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 
Best  four  Fat  Sheep,  F.  J.  Gray,  premium. 

HORSES. 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  Robt.  Pepper,  premium;  John  Steers,  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Robt.  Madison,  premium;  Thos.  Lewis,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  A.  Wilson,  premium;  Thos.  Steele,  certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  old  and  over,  Robt.  Nutter,  premium;  H.  Nichols,  certificate. 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  John  Smith,  premium;  Alex.  Patten,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  H.  Hedges,  premium;  John  Speed,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED  HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over,  J.  T.  Nichols,  premium. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Clay  &  Vimont,  premium;  Thos.  W.Lewis, 
certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  T.  A.  Rankin,  premium;  Dr.  L.  Herr,  certificate. 

Best  Blooded  Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,  E.  R.  Smith,  premium;  John  T.  Redmon,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Dr.  L.  Herr,  premium. 

Best  Mare  Colt,  under  one,  Enoch  Smith,  premium. 

DRAFT     HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over,  John  McClintock,  premium;  John  Redmon,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Frank  Gray,  premium. 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  John  Redmon,  premium;  C.  H  Redmon,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Mare  for  draft,  three  years  old  and  over,  Win.  Renaker,  premium;  E.  W.  Taylor, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare  for  draft,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Milt  Rankin,  premium;  Andrew  Gar- 
nett,  certificate. 

Best  Mare  for  draft,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Harvey  Gray,  premium;  Jacob  Renaker, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare  Colt  for  draft,  under  one  year,  Henry  H.  Talbott,  premium. 

Best  Gelding  for  draft,  Wm.  S.  Havilaud,  premium;  Cliff  Kennedy,  certificate. 

MULES. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,  H.  W.  &  R.  M.  Rice,  premium;  Jas.  Patterson, 
certificate. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Henry  Nichols,  premium. 

Best  Horse  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  Samuel  Muir,  premium;  W.  G.  Hedges,  certificate. 

Best  Mare  Muie,  two  years  old  and  over,  Wm.  R.  Estill,  premium;  William  Tucker,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  Samuel  Muir,  premium;  James  H.  Miller, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare  Mule,  under  one  year  old,  George  Victor,  premium;  Wm.  G.  Hedges,  certificate. 
Best  pair  Mare  Mules,  Robert  Ru-k,  premium;  Cliff  Kennedy,  certificate. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  and  over,  Spears  Smith,  premium. 

Best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  Wm.  Tucker,  premium. 

Best  Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,  Henry  Leer,  premium;  James  Miller,  certificate 

Best  Jack,  under  one  year,  Samuel  C.  Frazer,  premium;  Alex.  Miller,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  four  years  and  over,  John  Burgess,  premium ;  Henry  Leer,  certificate. 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  Jas.  Musselman,  premium. 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  James  Musselman,  premium;  James  Miller,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Jennet,  under  one  year,  George  Robertson,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Jack  of  any  age,  Henry  Leer,  premium;  Samuel  Frazer,  certificate. 
Best  Jennet  of  any  age,  John  Burgess,  premium;  James  Miller,  certificate. 

FOURTH   DAY. 

HORSES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Best  Stallian  for  harness,  James  T.  Nichols,  premium;  (White  Eagle  by  Bush  Messenger, 
and  out  of  a  Morgan  Mare,)  Wm.  Nichols,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  409 

Best  Stallion  for  harness,  three  years  and  under  four;  James  T.  Nichols,  premium;    T.   W. 
Lewis  certificate. 

Best  Stallion  for  harness,  two  years  and  under  three,  Isaac   Knight,  premium;   Jas.  B.  Curl, 
certificate. 

Best  Stallion  for  harness,  one  year  and  under  two,  John  Cromwell,  premium;  Wash.  Red 
mon,  certificate. 

Best  Stallion  for  harness,  under  one  year,  Henry  Nichols,  premium;  W.  Turney,  certificate. 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,  for  harness,  T.  P.  Lair,   premium;  Col.  Moore,  of  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under   four,    for  harness,   John  Berry,  premium;  Wm.  Abbott, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  for  harness,  A.  C.  Shropshire,  premium;  M.  T.  Smith, 
certificate. 

Best  Marc,  one  year  and  under  two,  for  harness,  Harvey  Parker,  premium;  Wash.  Redmon, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year,  for  harness,  Caleb  Walton,  premium;  Harvey  S.  Parker,  certi 
ficate. 

Best  pair  Carriage  Horses,  John  F.  Payne,  of  Scott,  premium. 

Best  Gelding  for  harness,  four  years  and  over,  H.  Nichols,  premium;  James  Cleveland,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Gelding  for  harness,  three  years  and  under  four,  John  Cromwell,   premium;    Will.  H. 
Dills,  certificate. 

Gelding  for  harness,  two  years  and  under  three,  Robert  Nutter,  premium. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  James  Talbott,  premium;  Sol.  Rice,  certificate. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  John  F.  Payne,  premium;  Conrad,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  James  Faulkner,   premium;    John  Griffith, 
certificate. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  Wm.  Cromwell,  premium. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  under  one  year,  James  Brock,  premium. 

Mares  for  Saddle,  one  year  and  under  tnro,  Wm.  Cromwell,  premium;  Joe  Lail,  certificate. 

Best  Brood  Mare,  Sol.  Redmon,  premium;  Geo.  Redmon,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion  of  any  age,  Sol.  Redmon,  premium;  M.  L.  Broadwell,  certificate. 
Best  Mare  of  any  age,  Col.  John  H.  Moore,  premium;  Robert  Pepper,  certificate. 
Best  Gelding  of  any  age,  Charles  Kimbrough,  premium;  Jas.  Miller,  certificate. 


Maj.  JAMES  R.  CURRY'S  ADDRESS. 
Mr.  President  and  gentlemen  of  the  Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanioal  Association: 
Under  any  circumstances  I  would  feel  my  inability  to  enlighten  you  on  the  subject  of 
Agriculture,  but  upon  the  present  occasion,  having  been  called  upon  to  address  you  without 
previous  preparation,  the  only  merit  which  I  will  be  able  to  claim  will  probably  be  brevity 
I  will  therefore  present  the  few  remarks  which  I  shall  make  in  as  small  a   compass  as  practi  " 

cable. 

General  good  health  is  enjoyed  by  the  community;  the  earth  is  yielding  an  abundant  in- 
crease; its  products  are  commanding  a  fair  and  remunerative  price,  and  the  arms  of  com- 
merce are  extended  to  our  very  door  to  receive  them  at  our  hands;  bright  visions  of  fu- 
ture comfort  and  opulence  rise  in  prospect  before  the  farmer,  as  he  surveys  his  broad 
fields,  almost  groaning  under  the  weight  of  their  valuable  products.  Times  of  rejoicing  have 
been  common  to  all  nations  and  people,  and  is  certainly  peculiarly  appropriate  on  the  present 
occasion. 

To  enable  us  properly  to  appreciate  the  happy  circumstances  under  which  we  are  assembled 
here  to  day,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to  look  back  at  the  hardships  and  difficulties  with  which  the 
early  inhabitants  of  this  region  had  to  contend.  It  is  within  the  recollection  of  him  who  ad- 
dresses you,  that  the  whole  neighborhood  was  thrown  into  a  state  of  alarm  and  excitement 
from  the  fact  that,  not  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile,  from  where  we  are  now  assembled,  a 
man  splitting  rails  near  the  house,  was  shot  by  an  Indian  lurking  in  the  bushes.  Then  our 
largest  farms  were  but  small  in  the  midst  of  a  dense  and  heavy  forest.  We  had  nothing 
dignified  with  the  name  of  field;  it  was  corn  patch,  wheat  patch,  turnip  patch,  or  flax  patch. 
When  a  man,  with   a  family,  died,  it  was  understood  as  an  admitted   fact,  that  he   had  the 


4 1  0  REPORT  OF  THE 

unfinished  clearing  of  one  of  these  patches  on  hand.  When  the  men  of  a  neighborhood  met 
together,  at  a  house  raising,  log-rolling,  or  corn  shucking,  the  question  was  not,  how  can  we 
improve  our  stock  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  or  hogs,  or  what  improvements  can  be  made  in 
the  implements  of  husbandry;  but,  whether  the  country  could  ever  become  populous.  We 
had  the  soil  and  climate,  but  were  so  remote  from  commerce,  that  it  was  believed  that  many 
of  the  necessary  articles  of  living,  then  high,  would,  with  the  increase  of  population,  become 
so  exhorbitant  in  price  as  to  prevent  the  permanent  prosperity  of  the  country. 

Take,  among  a  number  which  might  be  named,  one  article  as  an  instance.  We  had  to  go 
to  the  Blue  Licks,  Grant's  Lick,  the  Big  Bone  Lick,  Man's  Lick,  or  Bullitt's  Lick,  for  our 
salt,  and  buy  it  then  warm  from  the  kettle  at  seven  or  eight  cents  a  pound,  and  pack  it  home 
on  horse  back,  in  which  operation,  near  a  fourth  often  dripped  away  in  bitter  water.  The  vi- 
cinity of  a  Mill,  or  a  Smith's  Shop,  imparted  a  visible  increase  of  value  to  the  land  in  the 
neighborhood,  and  the  old  barshear  plow  was  considered  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  farming  imple- 
ments. A  few  merchants  came  among  us,  and  when  they  went  eastward  for  their  periodical 
supplies,  some  two  months  previous  a  horse  or  horses  were  purchased  and  shod,  then  their 
specie  was  packed,  and  sometimes  their  wills  made,  and  at  their  departure  there  was  a  sol- 
emn leave  taking  of  family  relations  and  friends;  and  after  a  three  months  absence,  on  their 
return  home,  a  general  in  gathering  of  neighbors  to  rejoice  at  their  safe  arrival.  Population 
however  continued  gradually  to  increase;  the  forest  after  a  while  began  visibly  to  disappear, 
and  the  people  turned  their  eyes  to  the  father  of  waters  as  their  future  channel  of  commerce; 
barges  began  to  be  built  for  its  navigation,  and  the  time  was  when  the  arrival  of  Poynts' 
Barge,  Red  Red  Rover,  at  the  wharf  of  Maysville,  would  excite  more  curiosity  and  talk 
through  the  country  than  the  arrival  of  a  hundred  first  class  steamboats  at  the  wharf  of  Cin- 
cinnati would  do  now. 

Our  present  central  position  was  then  considered  the  far  west,  during  all  which  time,  not- 
withstanding the  vicissitudes  through  which  we  passed,  the  commercial,  agricultural  and  me- 
chanical resources  of  the  country  have  been  in  a  constant  process  of  development,  and  we  are 
assembled  this  day  to  compare  products,  award  premiums,  and  rejoice  over  the  prosperity  of 
our  country,  teeming  with  its  millions  of  happy  people. 

But,  Mr.  President,  and  you  my  friends,  have  we  no  other  duties  to  perform? — are  there  not 
some  things  in  our  social  condition  which  could  be  improved?  Some  inconvenieucies  which 
could  be  remedied?  Why  do  we  send  abroad  for  so  many  articles  necessary  for  the  success- 
ful prosecution  of  our  domestic  affairs?  It  has  not  been  many  years  since  the  passage  of  a 
neat  carriage  along  our  streets  attracted  attention,  and  excited  au  inquiry  whether  some  stran- 
ger had  not  come  to  town.  Now,  a  carriage  or  buggy  is  considered  an  article  of  indispensible 
necessity  to  almost  every  family,  and  we  feel  a  glow  of  satisfaction  and  pride  on  seeing  such 
articles,  manufactured  in  our  own  town,  entering  at  the  surrounding  Fairs  into  successful  com- 
petition with,  and  taking  premiums  from  similar  articles  manufactured  or  made  abroad.  Why 
might  we  not  have  other  articles  of  more  immediate  necessity  and  in  continued  demand  made 
at  home?  We  have  the  mind,  the  energy,  the  industry,  and  the  raw  material.  Then,  why 
do  we  send  abroad  for  so  many  articles  of  convenience  and  necessity,  which  could  be  as  well 
made  at  home,  and  probably  at  a  less  cost? 

Are  we  not  behind  the  people  in  some  other  parts  of  the  country,  in  the  cultivation  of  the 
various  fruits  in  their  several  varieties?  and  also  in  our  horticultural  operations?  and  do  we 
not  owe  it  to  ourselves  to  pay  a  little  more  attention  to  these  several  branches  of  industry 
and  amusement?  Even  the  cultivation  of  flowers  is  a  matter  worthy  of  attention.  In  passing 
through  the  country,  however  humble  the  dwelling,  if  it  has  an  adjacent,  well  laid  out  flower 
garden,  ever  so  small,  or  even  a  crock  of  delicate  flowers  in  the  window,  an  idea  of  accom- 
panying refinement  and  hospitality  suggests  itself  to  the  mind,  and  if  weary,  we  desire  to  rest 
at  such  a  place. 

Ailow  me  to  mention  one  other  subject,  which  it  would  be  well  for  the  agricultural  commu 
nity  to  take  into  consideration.  Even  in  the  inferior  animals,  you  consider  training  as  essen- 
tially necessary  to  develope  their  capacities  for  the  uses  to  which  you  intend  to  apply  them. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  411 

If  you  intend  your  son  for  a  doctor,  a  preacher,  or  a  lawyer,  you  first  have  imparted  to  him 
a  theoretical  knowledge  of  his  profession.  If  he  is  to  be  a  lawyer,  you  put  him  under  the 
care  of  some  respectable  practitioner,  or  at  least  you  require  him  to  read  the  book3  of  Black- 
atone,  Kent,  Story,  Parsons,  and  others;  you  then  send  him  to  some  law  school,  where  he  ob- 
tains his  diploma,  and  then  you  consider  him  only  prepared  to  enter  on  the  threshhold  of  the 
practical  duties  of  his  profession.  Taught  by  experience,  we  now  appreciate  the  advantages 
of  a  scientific  education,  to  mechanical  and  manufacturing  pursuits;  whilst  we  seem  to  consi- 
der every  one  born  with  all  the  knowledge  necessary  to  the  profitable  cultivation  of  the  soil. 

In  other  States  they  have  Agricultural  Colleges,  where  are  taught  all  those  sciences  and 
branches  of  education,  which  can  be  made  subservient  to  Agricultural  pursuits.  They  then  en- 
ter upon  the  practical  duties  of  life  with  a  store  of  knowledge  laid  up,  to  use  as  occasion  may 
require.  Is  it  reasonable  to  suppose  that  your  son,  without  any  such  education,  can,  in  com 
mencing  business,  successfully  compete  with  one  educated  and  previously  prepared  for  the 
practical  avocations  of  his  future  life.  The  time  has  been  when  the  agriculturalists  in  this 
neighborhood  could  truthfully  say,  that  the  clearing  of  his  grounds,  the  building  of  his  fences, 
the  construction  of  his  houses  and  other  improvements,  so  occupied  his  time  that  he  had  no 
leisure  to  devote  to  the  acquisition  of  knowledge.  That  time  is  past.  Among  our  people  with 
our  domestic  institutions,  our  farmers  in  good  circumstances,  have  more  time  which  they  can 
command  and  call  their  own  than  any  other  class  of  our  community,  and  therefore  they  are 
without  excuse  if  they  remain  ignorant  of  those  subjects  with  which  they  ought  to  be  well  ac- 
quainted. We  have  the  soil  the  climate  and  the  industry,  but  all  these  advantages  will  not 
supply  the  want  of  a  previous  agricultural  education. 

Then  the  question  occurs,  how  is  it  to  be  obtained?  Allow  me  to  suggest  that  you  have  a 
Normal  School,  founded  by  the  State,  for  the  education  of  teachers,  and  if  you  choose  to  con- 
tinue that  institution,  would  it  not  be  well  to  have  a  professorship  or  department  connected 
with  it  devoted  to  imparting  that  instruction  necessary  to  the  successful  prosecution  of  agri- 
cultural and  mechanical  pursuits.  You  are  also  taxed  for  the  support  of  Common  Schools,  the 
blessings  of  which  you  cannot  too  highly  appreciate;  but  in  the  selection  of  teachers,  if  more 
care  was  taken  to  employ  none  but  those  capable  of  imparting  a  good  theoretical  knowledge 
of  agriculture  and  its  adjuncts,  would  not  the  objects  for  which  Common  Schools  were  estab- 
lished be  more  perfectly  accomplished. 

The  iron  arm  of  commerce  has  been  extended  to  our  door,  to  receive  whatever  we  have  to 
spare,  and  return  a  fair  equivalent.  There  are  portions  of  our  county  in  which  these  advan- 
tages are  much  more  imperfectly  enjoyed,  and  I  submit  it  to  you  whether  it  would  not  be  an 
act  of  justice  to  them,  as  well  as  to  ourselves,  to  adopt  some  plan  to  increase  the  commercial 
facilities  of  each  portion  of  our  county.  Would  it  not  be  well  enough,  whenever,  by  an  as- 
sociated effort,  any  portion  of  our  people  could  show  that  they  were  able  to  defray  any  consid- 
erable portion  of  the  expense  of  making  a  good  road  from  any  part  of  our  county  to  another, 
to  encourage  the  county  in  its  corporate  capacity,  to  supply  the  balance  of  the  means  necessary 
to  accomplish  the  object.     I  will  not  attempt,  in  advance,  to  suggest  any  details. 

Although  a  pecuniary  revenue  might  not  for  a  while  result  from  the  investment,  yet  it 
would  be  but  a  short  time  before  we  would,  in  various  ways,  be  paid,  many  times  the  value  of 
the  expenditure.  I  am  aware  that  there  is  a  class  of  very  worthy  people  who  oppose  every 
thing  like  improvement,  under  a  mistaken  belief  that  it  will  injure  portions  of  our  people1 
They  opposed  the  building  of  Steamboats,  because  as  they  supposed  it  would  throw  fiat  boat 
builders  and  navigators  out  of  employment.  They  were  opposed  to  the  Lexington  and  Mays 
ville  turnpike,  because  it  would  shut  up  their  taverns,  destroy  the  market  for  chickens,  oats, 
corn,  and  hay,  and  throw  a  large  portion  of  their  wagons  and  teams  out  of  business.  Steam" 
boats  however  were  built,  and  flat  boat  builders  and  navigators  found  more  profitable  employ- 
ment in  other  branches  of  industry.  The  Lexington  and  Maysville  road  has  been  made,  and 
markets  have  continued  to  improve,  and  farmers  have  found  it  more  profitable  to  employ  their 
horses  in  raising,  rather  than  in  transporting  the  products  of  the  soil.  They  opposed  every  la- 
bor saving  machine,  because  their  tendency  was,  as  they  supposed,  to  reduce  the  price  of  la- 
bor; their  predictions  have  never  been  verified,  but  they  object  still. 


412  REPORT  OF  THE 

When  the  Agriculturalist,  the  Mechanic,  and  the  Manufacturer,  look  abroad  over  the  length 
and  breadth  of  our  laud,  and  see  the  iron  and  stone  network  with  which  our  country,  in  all  its 
parts,  is  bound  together,  they  may  truly,  with  pride  and  satisfaction,  say,  all  this  is  the  result 
of  our  industry,  energy,  and  enterprize;  and  if  the  religious  and  moral  culture  of  our  people 
shall  only  receive  the  same  attention,  so  soon  as  the  great  works  of  internal  improvement  now 
in  course  of  construction  shall  have  been  completed,  they  will  probably  be  able  to  say,  we 
have  wrought  a  work  with  power  and  force  enough  to  hold  the  thick  clustering  stars  of  our 
confederacy  in  one  bright  constellation  as  long  as  time  shall  last. 


HENDERSON,    HOPKINS    AND    UNION     AGRICULTURAL,    HORTICULTURAL, 
SCIENTIFIC  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

In  May  1856  an  Association,  styled  "The  Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultural, 
Horticultural,  Scientific  and  Mechanical  Association,"  was  duly  organized,  and  the  following 
officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year,  viz:  A.  J.  Anderson,  of  Henderson,  President; 
M.  S.  Hancock,  of  Henderson,  Milton  Young,  of  Union,  and  Daniel  White,  of  Hopkins,  Vice 
Presidents;  C.  H.  Powell,  Treasurer;  Cuthbert  Powell,  Recording  Secretary;  William  Mc- 
Clean,  Grant  Green,  W.  T.  Barret,  A.  W.  Haskins,  W.  S.  Elam,  R.  H.  Alves,  John  McCor- 
mick,  and  John  J.  Towles,  of  Henderson,  George  Payne,  of  Union,  and  Richard  Dunville,  of 
Hopkins,  Directors. 

We  held  our  first  Fair  on  the  21st,  22d,  23d,  and  24th  of  October,  1856,  which  far  exceeded 
our  most  sanguine  expections.  The  report  of  which  has  already  been  published — see  pages, 
143,  144,  145,  146,  and  147  of  this  Report. 

On  the  20th  March,  1857,  we  held  our  annual  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers,  for  the  en- 
suing year,  when  the  following  gentlemen  were  elected,  viz:  W.  T.  Barret,  of  Henderson, 
President;  M.  S.  Hancock,  of  Henderson,  Milton  Young,  of  Union,  and  Daniel  White,  of 
Hopkins,  Vice  Presidents;  James  Alves,  Geo.  M.  Priest,  W.  J.  Marshall,  Walter  A.  Towles, 
R.  H.  Alves,  John  McCormick,  and  John  J.  Towles,  of  Henderson,  Geo.  M.  Proctor,  C.  H. 
Smith,  and  J.  W.  Payne,  of  Union,  and  Richard  Dunville,  of  Hopkins, Directors;  L.  H.  Lyne, 
Treasurer;  W.  A.  Hopkins,  Recording  and  Corresponding  Secretary. 

We  number  about  three  hundred  members,  and  our  list  is  still  increasing.  The  grounds  of 
the  Society  contain  twenty-seven  acres,  enclosed  by  a  high  and  substantial  plank  fence,  upon 
which  are  erected  neat  and  substantial  stalls  for  three  hundred  head  of  stock,  a  Cottage,  Me- 
chanics Hall,  and  Industrial  Hall,  and  an  Amphitheatre  capable  of  containing  about  seven 
thousand  persons,  together  with  all  other  usual  buildings,  and  fixtures  of  the  best  quality. 
Total  cost  about  $16,000.  The  use  of  the  grounds  and  buildings  having  been  relinquished  to 
the  State  Agricultural  Society  no  Fair  will  be  held  by  this  Society  in  1857. 

The  Society  has  already  exercised  a  highly  beneficial  influence  upon  the  county  and  still 
greater  benefits  are  expected  in  future.  W.  A.  HOPKINS,  Secretary. 


KENTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND   MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 
U*  No  Report  has  been  received  by  the  Corresponding   Secretary   of  the   Kentucky  State 
Agricultural  Society  from  this  Association  for  1857. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  413 

KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

OFFICERS    OF   THE    ASSOCIATION. 

Benjamin  Gratz,  President;  G.  D.  Hunt,  Vice  President;  D.  W.  Standeford,  Secretary;  A. 
Lawell,  Treasurer;  Abraham  Vanmeter,  Joel  Higgins,  William  Warfield,  Edward  Oldham, 
James  Foley,  Jacob  Hughes,  of  Fayette,  Robert  S.  Taylor,  of  Clarke,  J.  C.  Willmore,  of 
Jessamine,  R.  A.  Alexaader,  of  Woodford,  and  A.  J.  Viley,  of  Scott,  Directors.  The  follow- 
ing gentlemen  are  Honorary  Vice  Presidents:  James  Gaines,  of  Scott,  Philip  Swigert,  of 
Franklin,  J.  W.  Mcllvaine,  of  Woodford,  Wm.  Clark,  of  Jessamine,  Waller  Chenault,  of 
Madison,  James  H.  G.  Bush,  of  Clarke,  Samuel  H.  Clay,  of  Bourbon,  W.  J.  Moberly,  of 
Mecer,  Wm.  Sudduth,  of  Bath,  J.  P.  Fisher,  of  Poyle,  R.  Roberts,  of  Harrison,  Joseph  Gent- 
ry, of  Lincoln,  Edward  D.  Hobbs.of  Jefferson;  Morris  Thomas,  of  Shelby,  Marcus  Everett,  of 
Montgomery,  Squire  T.  Leavel,  of  Garrard. 

PREMIUM    LIST    OF    THE    KENTUCKY   AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL 

ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES — WOOL. 

Fine  Jeans,  not  less  than  ten  yards,             -         -         - $  8  00 

Negro  Jeans,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 3  00 

Linsey,  best  specimen,  ten  yards, 5  00 

Flannel,  ten  yards,     -         -                  3  00 

Carpet,  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards,       -         -         -    ■  •  -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Pair  Woo'en  Hose,     -                   1   00 

Pair  Half  Hose,  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  old, 1  00 

Pair  Blankets, - 5  00 

Bed  Spread  or  Coverlet, 3  00 

Judges — Isaac  W.  Scott,  Lexington;  Lewis  Sublett,  Versailles;  John  Taliaferro,  Winches- 
ter; Samuel  Lewis,  Harrodsburg;  John  C.  Cochran,  Lexington. 

COTTON. 

Twilled  Cotton  Cloth,  best  specimen,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Plain  Cotton  Cloth,  best  specimen,  ten  yards,  -------  3  00 

Pair  Cotton  Hose,  home  made, 1  00 

Pair  Cotton  Half  hose,  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  old, 1  00 

Best  six  dozen  Cotton  Warp,  5,  6,  or  700, 5  00 

SILK. 

Sewing  Silk,  not  less  than  four  ounces,       ---------         3  00 

Silk  Hose,  home  made,      ------------3  00 

Silk  Embroidery, 3  00 

Silk  Mitts  or  Gloves, 1  00 

Silk  Handkerchief, 2  00 

ARTICLES    OF    WOOL,    COTTON,  <tC. 

Jeans  Coat,  cut,  made  and  pressed  by  a  lady,     -         - 5  00 

Linen  or  Cotton  Shirt,  made  bv  a  girl  under  twelve  years  old,    -         -         -         -         -         2  00 

Full  suit  of  Clothes  by  a  Tailor, 5  00 

Wooled  Shawl, 5  00 

Fancy  Bonnet, 5  00 

Fly  Brush, 1   00 

Needle  Embroidery,  woolen, 3  00 

Silk  Quilt,  patch  work, 10  00 

Worsted  Quilt, 10  00 

O"  H.  Shaw  &  Co.  offer  for  the  best  Calico  Patch  work  Quilt,  a  set  of  Fashionable 

Stone  Martin  Furs, 60  00 

Also,  for  the  second  best,  a  set  of  Fine  Fitch  Furs, 30  00 

The  premium  Calico  Quilts  to  be  given  to  II.  Shaw  &  Co. 

Judges — Henry  Bell,  James  Elliott,  James  Shropshire,  Lexington;  A.  L.  McAfte,  Nicholas- 
vllle;  Frank  Lyon,  Georgetown. 

U  The  Secretary  will  receive  any  or  all  of  the  foregoing  articles  intended  for  exhibition, 
at  the  store  of  Warner  &  Standeford,  Cheapside,  during  the  week  preceding  the  Fair,  which 
will  enable  him  to  have  them  selected  and  arranged  for  the  exhibition. 

ARTISTIC 

Oil  Paintings, 5  00 

Ambrotypes, 5  00 


414  REPORT  OF  THE 

Daguerreotypes, 5  00 

Photographs, 5  00 

Pictures  made  of  ornamental  leather, 3  00 

Judges — Josh.  Bush,  Louisville;    JVI.  C.  Johnson,  Lexington;    Paul  Schmidt,  Walnut  Hill; 
Leonard  Wheeler,  Lexington. 

HEMP    AND    FLAX. 

Cotton  Bagging,  100  yards, 10  00 

Coil  Rope,             100  pounds, 5  00 

Linen  Diaper,          10  yards,       -         - 3  00 

Hemp  Linen,           10  yards,        ...........  3  00 

Flax  Linen,             10  yards, 3  00 

Tow  Linen,              10  yards, 2  00 

Sewing  Thread,        5  pounds, 2  00 

Judges — M.   Brown,  Nieholasville;    David   Thornton,  Versailles;    Zeb.    Ward,    Frankfort; 
Richard  Spurr,  Fayette;  Col.  C.  J.  Sanders,  Lexington. 

CABINET    AND    CARPENTERS'    WORK. 

Wardrobe, 10  00 

Bureau, 10  00 

Sideboard, 10  00 

What  Not, 5  00 

Book  Case,          ...                 10  00 

Sofa  and  half  dozen  Chairs, 10  00 

Piano, 10  00 

Judges — C.  Shryock,  Lexington;   Joseph   Millward,  Lexington;   Charles  Douglas,  George- 
town; John  Smith,  Versailles;  John  Lackius,  Lexington. 

HATS. 

Fur  Hat, 5  00 

Silk  Hat,    .-.-         - 3  00 

Wool  Hat, -  1   00 

Straw  or  Chip  Hat, 1  00 

Judges — S.  Figg,  Garrard;  Robert  Young,  Jessamine;   J.  H.  Donelson,  Richmond;  Joseph 
Porter,  Paris. 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES. 

Pair  Men's  Boots,       - 5  00 

Pair  Ladies'  Shoes,    -         -         - 3  00 

Pair  Shoes  made  by  a  lady,        -         - 3  00 

Pair  coarse  Negro  Shoes,  ------------2  00 

Judges — W.  D.  Ranger,  Lexington;  J.  C.  Butler,  Lexington;  Thos.  H.  Gilliss,  Lexington; 
W.  M.  Todd,  Frankfort;  S.  R.  Betts,  Georgetown. 

LEATHER. 

Side  of  Sole  Leather,          ............  3  00 

Side  of  Upper  Leather,      ......         ......3  00 

Side  of  Harness  Leather, 3  00 

Side  of  Skirting  Leather, 3  00 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins, 5  00 

Half  dozen  Hog  Skins, 5  00 

Half  dozen  Dog  Skins, 3  00 

Judges — Thomas  White,  Lexington;  A.  J.  Wilson,  Boyle;  R.  B.  Young,  Lexington;  Austin 
Smithy,  .Nieholasville;  H.  Townsend,  Lexington. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS    AND     USEFUL   MACHINES. 

Two  horse  Plow,  for  sod, 10  00 

Two  horse  Plow,  for  stubble, 10  00 

One  horse  Plow, 5  00 

Large  Harrow,  plan  and  material, -  3  00 

Roller, 3  00 

Cultivator, 3  00 

Wagon,  large  or  small,       -         - 10  00 

One  horse  Cart, 5  00 

Cutting  Box,  plan  and  material, 3  00 

Hemp  Break, 3  00 

Mowing  Cradle, 2  00 

Half  dozen  Hemp  Hooks, 2  00 

Plantation  Gate,         -        -        -. -        -        -        -        -  5  00 

IJ'md  Gear  for  Wagon, 3  00 

Specimen  Horse  Power, 10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  415 

Pump,  plan  and  material,            - -  5  00 

Threshing  Machine, 10  00 

Reaping  Machine, 10  00 

Mowing  Machine,                -         -         -  10  00 

Portable  Steam  Engine, 20  00 

Corn  Shelter, 3  00 

Corn  Crusher,     --.-...-------  3  00 

Wheat  Fan, -                   3  00 

Hay  Rake, 3  00 

Ox  Yoke,  plan,  material  and  workmanship, 3  00 

A  portable  engine  will  be  on  the  grounds  during  the  Fair,  for  the  purpose  of  driving  any 
machinery  which  may  be  exhibited. 

Judges— John  Clark,  Fayette;  Higgins  Lewis,  Fayette;  Henry  Clay,  Jr.,  Bourbon;  Lewis  H. 
Chrism  an,  Jessamine;  M.  B.  Gratz,  Woodford;  George  Cowgill,  Fayette. 

SILVER   AND    OTHER   WARE. 

Specimen  of  Silver   Ware, 10  00 

Specimen  of  Copper, -  5  00 

Specimen  of  Marble  or  Stone  Cutting,       ...........  8  00 

Mantel  of  Kentucky  Marble,      -                  5  00 

Judges — Edgar  Needham,  Louisville;  E.  Macalister,  Lexington;  F.  K.  Hunt,  Lexington; 
Gen.  P.  Dudley,  Frankfort. 

GUNS. 

Rifle,                   - 5  00 

Shot, 5  00 

Judges — Frank  Preston,  Mason;  Thomas  Wilson,  Lexington,  Lewis  West,  Georgetown; 
Jack  Stubblefield,  Clarke. 

CARRIAGES,    BUGGIES    AND    HARNESS. 

Carriage, 10  00 

Buggy,        -                  8  00 

Set  Double  Harness, 8  00 

Buggy  Harness, 5  00 

Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Judges — Parker  Craig,  Lexington;  O.  P  Beard,  Lexington;  Wm.  McCracken,  Lexington; 
Wm.  Galpin,  Lexington;  A.  W.  Forward,  Georgetown. 

IRON,    c£C. 

Specimen  of  Hollow  Ware, 3  00 

Specimen  of  Solid  Castings,       -                   3  00 

Specimen  of  Fancy  Castings, 3  00 

Cooking  Range  Stove, 10  00 

Parlor  Stove, 3  00 

Grate, 3  00 

Bar  Iron, 5  00 

Judges— Joseph  Lanckhart,  Lexington;  Thomas  Bradley,  Lexington;  A.  E.  Chamberlain, 
Cincinnati;  J.  Henry  Thomas,  Louisville;  W.  D.  Parish,  Lexington. 

AGRICULTURAL — PRODUCTS    OF   THE    FIELD. 

Corn,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  live  acres, 10  00 

Corn,  best  dozen  ears  for  bread,           ..........  '1  00 

Corn,  best  dozen  ears  for  stock, 1   ('0 

Wheat,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres, 10  00 

Wheat,  best  specimen  of  one  bushel, 7  00 

Oats,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres, 7  00 

Oats,  best  specimen  of  one  bushel,               1   00 

Meadow,  Timothy,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres,       ....  7  00 

Meadow,  Clover,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres, 7  00 

Barley,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres,         ........  7  00 

Rye,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres, 7  00 

Hemp,  best  fifty  six  pounds  entirely  dew  rot  from  break,  of  last  years  growth,             -  7  00 

WarerRoited  Hemp,  fifty  six  pounds, 7  00 

0*(E;ich  sample  to  be  accompanied  by  satisfactory  proof  that  the  sample  is  a  fair  one  of  a 
crop  of  not  less  than  a  ton  of  last  year's  crop. 

Clover  Seed,  not  less  than  one  bushel  best  and  cleanest  Kentucky,  raised,          -         -  7  00 

Timothy  Seed,  not  less  than  one  bushel,  best  and  cleanest  Kentucky  raised,        -         -  3  00 

Judges— Warren  Rogers,  Bourbon;  John   Golf,  Jefferson;  Dr.  A.  Herst,  Versailles;  Wm. 

Voorhies,    Woodford;    Randolph    Railey,    Woodford;  George   Brown,    Jessamine;  Dr.  R.   J. 
Breckinridge,  Fayette;  John  butler,  Jessamine. 


416  REPORT  OF  THE 

ORCHARD. 

Apples,  best  display  of  good  varieties, 5  00 

Apples,  best  variety,  not  less  than  one  peck, 3  00 

Peaches,  best  display  of  good  varieties,     ---------  5  00 

Peaches;  best  variety,  not  less  than  one  dozen,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Pears,  best  display  of  good  varieties,          ---------  5  00 

Pears,  best  variety,  not  less  than  one  peck, 3  00 

Plums,  display  of  good  varieties,         --..---.--3  00 

Apricots,  display  of  good  varieties,             -         - -         -  3  00 

Nectarines,  display  of  good  varieties, ...  3  00 

Quinces,  best  dozen, ....  3  00 

Grapes,  display  of  hardy  varieties,      -         -         -         -         -'-         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Grapes,  display  grown  under  glass,     -                            -  5  00 

Kentucky  Wine,  six  bottles; 7  00 

Judges. — Fontleroy  Jones,  Clarke;  John  H  Moore,  Clarke;  Lawrence  Young,  Louisville; 
James  O.  Hervey,  Jessamine;  John  Thatcher,  Louisville. 

GARDEN. 

Potatoes,  largest  yield  of  halt  an  acre,       - $  5  00 

Potatoes,  best  display  of  varieties,      ----- 5  00 

Potatoes,  sweet  or  yam   specimen  not  less  than  on%  bushel, 5  00 

Potatoes,  sweet,  best  display  of  good  varieties, 5  00 

Tomatoes,  best  display  of  good  varieties, 3  00 

Cabbage,  best  six  heads  of  drum, 2  50 

Cabbage,  best  six  heads  of  Flat  Dutch, -  2  50 

Turnips,  best  dozen  for  table, 1  00 

Beets,  best  dozen  for  table, 1  00 

Beets,  best  dozen  for  stock,         -----------  l  00 

Parsnips,  best  dozen  for  table, -  1  00 

Carrots,  best  halt-peck  for  stock,         -----------  1  00 

Celery,  best  dozen  branches,       ------        -----2  00 

Salsify,  best  dozen  branches, 1  00 

Onions,  best  peck, 1  00 

Eggplants,  best  half  dozen, 100 

Cantelopes,  best  half  dozen,       ------ 2  00 

Watermelons,  best  half  dozen,             ...                  3  00 

Best  and  greatest  variety  of  vegetables  raised  by  exhibitor, 10  00 

Judges — Joseph  Hearne,  Fayette;  Thomas  Bigger,  Maysville  Cemetery;  George  Fishback, 
Clarke;  Chas.  S.  Bell,  Lexington;  Robt.  Carmichael,  Chicago;  W.  P,  Daniel,  Jessamine. 

FLOWERS. 

Best  display  of  Flowers,  in  crocks,  tubs,  &c, $  5  00 

Handsomest  Boquet, 2  50 

Handsomest  Floral  Design, 2  50 

Largest  and  handsomest  display  of  Cut  Flowers,         -         -  2  50 

Judges — P.  S.  Fall,  Frankfort;  Victor  M.  Flournoy,  Fayette;  S.  D.   McCullough,  Fayette. 

POULTRY. 

Best  display  of  Poultry, $10  00 

DAIRY,    <tC. 

Butter,  best  three  pounds,            -         -         -         - $  5  00 

Cheese,  best  ten  pounds,     - 5  00 

Honey,  best  ten  pounds, 5  00 

Bread,  loaf  of  light  wheat, 1  00 

Bread,  loaf  of  corn, 1  00 

Barrel  of  Flour,          - 5  00 

Barrel  of  Meal,            -                   2  00 

Ham,  cooked, 5  00 

Best  assorted  Confectionery,       ----- 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Candles,  twenty  pounds,          --------  2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Soap,  twenty  pounds, 2  00 

Judges. — Hon  J.  C.  Breckinridge,  Lexington;  John  Oldham,  Fayette;  J.  J.  Bullock,  Fay- 
ette; Geoge  Weddle,  Lexington;  Richard  Allen,  Fayette;  David  C.  Humphreys,  Woodford; 
Dr.  David  Bell,  Lexington;  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  Fayette. 

Fruits,  cut  flowers  and  garden  vegetables,  butter,  cheese  and  honey,  are  regarded  as  dona- 
tions to  the  Society,  and  a3  such  to  be  sold  at  auction. 

Persons  competing  for  a  premium  for  the  largest  yield  per  acre,  or  half  acre,  are  to  have 
the  ground  measured  by  a  competent  surveyor  and  must  produce  his  certificate  aa  to  the  quan- 
tity in  cultivation. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  417 

Persona  competing  for  premiums  on  Corn  to  have  the  ground  measured  by  a  surveyor  with 
chain  and  compass,  who  must  make  affidavit  of  the  correctness  of  his  survey,  and  two  or  more 
persons,  in  no  wise  related  to  or  interested  with  the  exhibitor,  to  make  affidavit  to  the  gath- 
ering and  measuring  of  the  corn  from  an  average  acre.  The  corn  to  be  left  standing  until  No- 
vember 1st— to  be  measured  in  a  sealed  half-bushel,  and  number  of  bushels  stated  to  tho 
President,  and  the  premium  to  be  awarded  to  him  who,  from  the  proof,  shall  have  produced 
the  largest  quantity  on  the  five  acres. 

In  ascertaining  the  quantity  of  wheat,  oats,  barley,  and  meadow,  an  average  acre  shall  be 
set  apart  and  surveyed  as  above,  and  the  yield  of  this  acre  cut  and  measured,  or  weighed,  to 
itself;  a  certificate  thereof  to  be  signed  by  three  disinterested  persons. 

Persons  competing  for  premiums  who  are  not  members  of  the  Association,  must  pay  to  the 
Treasurer  five  dollars. 

CARRIAGE    AND    BUGGY    HORSES. 

Best  pair  Carriage  Horses, $  10  00 

Best  pair  Buggy  Horses,     ----------         .         .       10  00 

Best  pair  Buggy  Mares, -         -       10  00 

Best,  Pony,  rode  by  a  hoy  under  thirteen  years  of  age, 5  00 

Judges. — Asa  McConathy,  Fayette;  Gen.  L.  Desha,  Harrison;  Dr.  John  A.  Tomlinson,  Har 
rodsburg;  George  McCounell,  Woodford;  John  H.  Cooper,  Fayette;  Elisha  Smith,  Fayette. 

SECOND  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK — ^REEDING    CATTLE,    KNOWN    A8    SUCH. 

Best  Bull,  four  years  old  and  upwards, $  10  00 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Bull    two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -         -         8  00 

Best   Bull,  under  one  year  old,    -----------         8  00 

Best  Cow,  four  years  old  and  upwards,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Cow,  under  one  year  old,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Judges. — George  Moore,  Mason  county,  Va  ;  R.  R.  Seymour,  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  James  M 
Trimble,  Hillsborough,  Ohio;  Col.  Wm  Thompson,  Keokuk,  Iowa;  James  Renick,  Bourbon 
county,  Ky.;  Alex.  S.  Mathews,  Wytheville,  Va  ;  J.  N.  Brown,  Berlin,  Illinois;  Henry  Jacoby, 
Springfield,  Illinois;  H.  M.  H.  Taylor,  Clarke  county,  Ky.;  John  A.  Gano,  Bourbon  county, 
Ky  ;  Isaac  Shelby,  Richland. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    ALL    AGES    AND    KINDS. 

Best  Bull, $  15  00 

Best  Cow, 15  00 

Judges — Chas.  S.  Brent,  Paris.  Ky.;  A.  K.  Marshall,  Mayslick.  Ky.;  Harness  Renick,  Chil- 
licothe, Ohio;  Elias  Florence,  Ohio;  Jos.  Wasson,  Lexington,  Ky.;  Rev.  Ryland  T.  Dillard, 
Fayette  county,  Ky.;  A.  Watts,  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  J.  G.  Dunn,  Lexington,  Ky.;  Nelson  Dud- 
ley, Fayette  county,  Ky.;  L.  G   Morris,  Mount  Fordham,  New  York. 

ALDERNY,    DEVON,    HEREFORD    AND    AYRESHIRE. 

Best  Bull,  Aldernv, $10  00 

Best  Cow,  Alderny, 10  00 

Best  Bull,  Devon, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  Devon,     - 10  00 

Best  Bull,  Hereford, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  Hereford, 10  00 

Best  Bull,  Ayrshire, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  Ayrshire, 10  00 

The  above  premiums  only  to  be  given  when  there  is  competition. 

Judges. — John  Havs,  Bloomingburg,  Ohio;  R.  H.  Van  Ransalear,  Morris,  N.  Y.;  J.  M. 
Brown,  Bloomfield.  Ohio;  Calvin  Fletcher,  Indianapolis.  Ind.;  Geo.  W.  Barnett,  Lockport, 
111.;  Daniel  R.  McNeil,  Moorefield,  Va.;  John  Garrett,  Woodford;  Charles  Bright,  Woodford; 
Thos.  Moore,  Winchester;  Elijah  Bryan,  Fayette;  John  Guest,  Fayette. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Bpst  Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old  and  upward, $  10  00 

Best  Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  four  years  old  and  upward,       -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -------  8  00 

Best  Free  Mai  tin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,         -         -  8  00 
Best  Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Speyed  Heifer  or  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,,      8  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Speyed  Heifer  or  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  8  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Speyed  Heifer  or  Cow,  under  one  year  old,      -         -  5  00 

Five  best  Fat  Sheep, 10  00 

27 


418  REPORT  OF  THE 

OXEN. 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  years  old  and  upward, $  10  00 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  under  three  years  old, 8  00 

Judges. — Westley  Hoggins,  Covington;  Wm.  Garner,  Clarke;  J.  C.  Vanmeter,  Fayette;  J. 
G.  Kinnard,  Fayette;  J.  H.  Sheffer,  Fayette;  Jos.  Hughes,  Boone;  Lewis  Reim,  Louisville; 
E.  L.  Huffman,  Louisville;  C.  VV.  Inuis,  F'ayette;  Jos.  P.  Chenault,  Madison;  Tho.  H.  Shel- 
by, Sr.;  Isaac  Barkley,  Jessamine. 

SHEEP. 

Long  Wool,  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell  and  New  Oxfordshire,  best  Buck,  -         -  %  10  00 

Long  Wool,  best  vearling  Buck, "  •  -         -         -  8  00 

Long  Wool,  best  Ewe, 1000 

Long  Wool,  best  yearling  Ewe, 8  00 

Middle  Wool,  Sourhdown,  best  Buck, 10  00 

Middle  Wool,  Southdown,  best  vearling  Buck, -  8  00 

Middle  Wool,  Southdown,  best  Ewe, 10  00 

Middle  Wool,  Southdown,  best  yearling  Ewe,           .......  8  00 

Fine  Wool,  Saxon  and  Merino,  best  Buck, 10  00 

Fine  Wool,  Saxon  and  Merino,  best  Ewe, 10  00 

Best  p;iir  Lambs, 8  00 

Judges. —  Mark  R.  Cockrill,  Nashville,  Tenn.;  Isaac  Miller,  Clarke;  Charles  T.  Garrard, 
Bourbon;  Wm.  Garrett,  Woodford;  Leo  Lewis,  Fayette;  Tucker  Woodson,  Jessamine;  Robt. 
Boggs,  Fayette;  M.  M.  Clay,  Bourbon. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Buck,  any  breed, $  10  CO 

Best  Ewe,  any" breed, 10  00 

Judges — S.  P.  Kenney,  Jessamine;  Ben.  Warfield,  Fayette;  Geo.  Bedford,  Bourbon;  E.  P. 
Gaines,  Scott;  Arabia  Jennings,  Garrard;  John  G.  James,  Fayette;  Wm.  Berry,  Fayette. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  two  years  old  and  upward, -         -         -         -     $  10  00 

Boar,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  .........  8  00 

Boar,  six  months  old  and  under  one  year,  - 5  00 

Sow,  two  years  old  and  upward,         ..........         10  00 

Sow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Sow,  pig,  six  months  old  and  under'one  year, 5  00 

Pair  Pigs,  under  si-x  months  old, 5  00 

Five  Fat  Hogs,  Barrows  or  Sows,     ----------  10   00 

Judges — Samuel  Chorn,  Montgomery;  Wm.  Tanner,  Bourbon;  James  H.  McCampbell,  Jes 
samine;  Caldwell  Campbell,  Madison;  Gabriel  J.  Salter,  Garrard;  John  Daniel,  Clarke;  Jno 
•C.  Hull,  Louisville;  Noah  McClelland,  Lexington. 

THIRD  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK — BLOODED    STALLIONS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,            -         -         -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,               -         - It)  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,               -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  q0 

Stud  Colt  under  one  year  old,              8  00 

BLOODED    BROOD    MARES    KNOWN    AS    BRF.EDEDS. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         ...         -       10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  .........         8  00 

Mare  Colt  under  one  year  old,  8  00 

Pedigrees  of  the  above  must  be  handed  to  the  Secretary  previous  to  the    Exhibition. 

Judges — Charles  S.  Buford,  Rock  Island,  Illinois;  Samuel  Davenport,  Boyle;  James  K. 
Dnke,  Fayette;  Ralph  Tarlton,  Oldham;  James  Ford,  Woodford;  Robert  Malory,  Oldham; 
Henry  W.  F;irris,  Crab  Orchard;  James  W.  Ware,  Berryville,  Virginia;  Edward  E  Eajjle, 
Fayette;  John  R.  Viley,  Fayette;  John  A.  Holton,  Frankfort;  G.  B.  Long,  Hopkinsville; 
George  W.  Johnson,  Scott. 

DRAUGHT    STALLIONS. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upward,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

BROOD   MARES   FOR   DRAUGHT. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward, -         -       10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Best  Draught  GeldiDg, 10  00  ■ 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

Judges — H.  Parish,  Scott;  Newton  Craig,  Scott;  Edward  Allen,  Fayette;  John  Giltner, 
Bour.iou;  VV.  S.  Cleveland,  Woodford;  James  Rodes,  Fayette;  William  .Nutter,  Fayette; 
Granville  Smith,  Payette. 

muj.es. 
Horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -ID  00 

ttorse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Horse  Mule  Colt,         ...  8  00 

Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward,        ........  1U  00 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Mare  Mule  Cult,, S  00 

Pair  broke  Mules,       - 10  00 

Judyt-s—C.  R  Estill,  Madison;  Montgomery  Parker,  Fayette;  Rankin  Roberts,  Jessamine; 
John  A.  Duncan,  Madison;  John  MeMekin,  Scott;  Len.  V  leming,  Woodford;  Joseph  Putter- 
Sun,  Scoti;  Lewis  Payne,  Woodford;  N.  T.   Lee,  Boyle;  K.  F.  Price,  Jessamine. 

JENNETS. 

Jennet,  four  years  old  and  upward,  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  00 

Jennet,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  00 

Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  00 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and   under  two,  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  00 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,         --  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  8  00 

( 

\  JACKS. 

Jack,  four  years  old  and  upward. 10  00 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ...  ......       10  00 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Jack,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  00 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  .........  -8  00 

Judges — G.'S.  Shanklin,  Jessamine;  Jack  Viley,  Randolph  county,  Missouri;  Thomas  H* 
Embry,  Madison;  Anthony  Killgore,  Masou;  Gen.  W.  Johnson,  Scott;  James  McKee,  Wood- 
lord,    1  homas  K.  Salter,  Garrard. 

PREMIUMS  FOR  ALL  AGES  AND  KINDS, 

Including  previous  Premium  Animals. 

Jacks, 15  00 

Jennets,  15   00 

Judges — John  F.  Payne,  Scott;  Levi  Prewitt.  Fayette;  Leland  W.  Peak,  Scott;  Isaac  Shel- 
bv,  Sr.,  Fayette;  Daniel  W.  Jones,  Boyle;  John  Park,  Madison;  Thomas  Carr,  Sr.,  Fayette; 
Thomas  Hughes,  Fayette. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

LIVE    STOCK STALLIONS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward — To  be  exhibited   in  harness,       -  -  -  -        10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  tinder  four — To  be  exhibited  in  harness,  -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three —  To  be  exhibited  in  or  out  of  harness,  -       10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old.  and  under  two — To  be  exhibited  in  or  out  of  harness,       -         -         8  00 
Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       -------         --.-8  00 

M\RES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward — To  be  exhibited  in  harness,  -         -         -         -       10  00 

Mare,  three  yems  old  and  under  four — To  be  exhibited  in  harness,     -         -         -         -       10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three — To  be  exhibited  in  or  out  of  harness,       -         -         8  00 
Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two — To  be  exhibited  in  or  out  of  harness,  -         -         8  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  ......  ...-8  00 

Judges — Warren  Viley,  Woodford;  W.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke  county;  William  Burch,  Mis, 
souii;  W.  W.  Hedges,  Bourbon;  John  Smith,  Cincinuati;  Granville  S.  Williams,  Fraukfort- 
N.  J.  Smith,  Pleasureville. 

GELDINGS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward — In  harness,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four — In  harness,  -         -         -         -         -         .       10  00 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three — In  or  out  of  harness,  -         -         -         -       10  00 

Judges  —  Willis  Jones,  Woodford;  Thomas  H.  Hunt,  Louisville;  Dr.  Ray,  Sr.,  Bourbon; 
Chares  G.  Mcllattou,  Bridgton,  St.  Louis  county,  Missouri;  H  G.  S.  Williams,  Memphis, 
Tennessee;  Silas  Evans,  Fayette;  Robert  J.  Ward,  Louisville;  Buford  Bohaunon,  Wood- 
ford. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    GELDINGS. 

Gelding,  of  all  ages  and  kinds,  in  or  out  of  harness,  -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Judges —  Frank  Sherret,  Scott;  Dr.  A.  Smith,  Scott;  Dr.  J.  R.  Desha,  Fayette;  Col  Dun- 
lap,  Fayette;  R.  T.  Torian,  Hopkinsville;  John  Hall,  Shelby;  Mason  Heury,  Woodford. 


420  REPORT  OF  THE 


SADDLE  HORSED  AND  MARES. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward — To  be  exhibited  under  paddle. 
Stallion,  three  years  old  *nd  under  four — To  t>e  exhibited  under  saddle, 
Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three — To  be  exhibited  under  saddle, 

BROOD    MARES    FOR    SADDLE. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and   upward, 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ------ 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under   three,  ------ 


10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

00 

10 

0Q 

GELDINGS. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward,  ...         -   . 

Gelding,  three  years  old  hii'i]  under  four,  - 

Gelding,  two  years  old  an  i  under  three,       -------- 

Judges—  lle'nry  C.  MeC.nnell,  Woodford;  Milton  Hudson,  Favette;  Eliphalet  M-ir,  Jr., 
Faieiie;  W.  L.  Vance.  Woodford;  Samuel  Woodtord,  Midway;  James  A.  Beasly,  Garrard; 
Robert  Bullock,  Fajette 

PREMUMS    FOR    ALL    AGES    AND    KINDS. 

Including  previous  Premium  Animals. 

Stallions,  ■  ' 15  00 

Mar^s  15  00 

Judges— R.  M  Johnson,  Scott;  Press  Gray,  Woodford;  William  R.  Estill,  Fayette;  Lewis 
Cast  einan.  Fayette;  Gaudre  J  Rowland,  Louisville;  J  tines  O'Bauuon,  Henry;  Roy  Scewart, 
Lincoln;  Joseph  Gross,  Fayette;  R.  J.  Pepper,  Woodlord;   F.  G.  Murphy,  Bardstown. 

The  Fair  will  open  each  morning  at  9  o'clock,  by  which  hour  entries  should  be  made. 

All  premiums  from  seven  dollars  up  will  be  paid  in  Silver  Plate,  under  that  amount  in  Gold 
Coin,  or  in  any  article  of  the  same  value,  at  the  option  of  the  successful  party,  except  where 
a  different  kind  of  premium  is  expressly  provided  for. 

No  aged  animal  or  article  which  has  taken  a  premium  at  a  previous  Fair  of  the  Association, 
shall  compete    for  a  premium,  except  when  the  lingis  open  to  animals  of  all  kinds  and  ages. 

No  animal  shall  compete  tor  more  than  one  premium,  except  iu  the  open  ring. 

The  Association  being  desirous  of  advancing  Agriculture  and  the  Mechanical  Arts,  solicits 
competition  for  premiums  from  all  quarters. 

Perpetual  Membership,  f  45 — Annual  Membership,  $4 — both  of  which,  together  with  the 
Life  Membership,  will  peimittbe  family  to  enter  the  grounds  and  exhibit  stock  or  other  arti- 
cles with  rut  extra  charge. 

Life  Members  can,  by  surrendering  their  certificate  and  paying  $20,  become.  Perpetual 
Members  of  the  Association,  which  gives  them  an  interest  in  all  the  property  belonging  to  the 
Association. 

A  certificate  of  such  membership  is  saleable  and  transferable  on  the  books  of  the  Associa- 
tion. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHAN- 
ICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857, 

FIRST  DAY. 

MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  Mrs.  D.  R,  Caldwell.  Lincolu'.  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  Richard  Loud,  Lexington,  premium;  D.  H  Bosworth  &  Son,  Lexington,  cer- 
tificate. 

Linsey,  Mrs.  D    R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Flannel,  Mrs.  Mary  Hart,  Fayette,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Caipet,  Mrs   Richard  Allen,  Tennessee,  premium. 

Woolen  Hose,  Mis.  Mary  Hart,  Fayette,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Blankets,  Mrs   J.  T    Ware,  Bourbon,  premium;  Mrs.  Sarah  Hughes,  Fayette,  certificate. 

BedSpread  or  Coverlet,  Mrs.  W.  Webster,  Fayette,  premium. 

Cotton  Half  Hose,  Miss  Grimes,  Fayette,  premium. 

Best  six  doz  Cotton  Yarn,  Oldham  &  Scott,  Lexington,  premium;  I.  W.  Scott,  Lexington, 
certificate. 

Sewing  Silk,  Mrs.  T.  J    Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium. 

Silk  Hose,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETV.  421 

Silk  Embroidery,  Miss  H.  F.  S.  Wood,  Fayette,  premium,  Mrs.  J  T.  Sharrard,  Danville, 
certificate. 

Silk  H  mdkerchief,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes.  B  Mirbon,  premium. 

Shut,  Miss  J.  Ridgley,  premium,  (Miss  R.  is  under  12  years  of  age;)  Miss  Byrns,  Shelby, 
certificate,  (Miss  B.  is  under  12  years  of  age  ) 

Full  Suit  Clothes,  J.  fl.  VVerts,   Lexington,  premium. 

Fancy  Bonnet,  Mrs.  Solomon  Lowe,  Fayette,  premium. 

Needle  Embroidery,  woolen,  Mrs.  Gibson  Taylor,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  B.  Scarce, 
Woodford,  certificate. 

Silk  Quilt,  patch  work,  Mrs.  J.  K.  Thompson,  Fayette,  'premium;  Mrs.  Charles  D.  Carr, 
Lexington,  certificate. 

Worsted  Quilt,  Mrs.  Aaron  Byrns,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  Gibson  Taylor,  Oldham,  cer- 
tificate. \ 

Calico    Quilt,  Shaw  &  Co.'s/premium;  Mrs.  W.  A.  Pullum,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Calico  Quilt,  Association,  Airs.  M.  A.  Craig,  Fayette,  premium;  Mrs.  John  B.  Huston, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Ambrotvpes,  W.  R.  Phipp*,  Lexington,  premium. 

Daguerreotypes,  VV.  R    Phipps,  Lexington,  premium. 

Photographs,  J.  C.  Elrod,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Bigging,  (100  yds.,)  Z 'b    Ward,  premium  and  certificate. 

Coil  Rope.  (100  lbs.,)  L.  C  Randall  &  Co.,  Lexington,  premium. 

Linen  Diaper,  Mrs    D.  R   Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium  and  certificate. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium 

Tow  Linen,  Mrs.'D.  R.  Caldwell,  Lincoln,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  of  Bourbon,  cer- 
tificate. 

Sewing  Thread,  Mrs.  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium. 

Wardrobe,  Joseph  Mil  ward,  Lexington,  premium;  Patterson  &   Erd,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Bureau,  Patterson  &  Erd,  Lexington,  premium. 

Sideboard,  Patterson  &  Erd,  Lexington,  premium. 

What  Not,  Patterson  &  Erd.  Lexington,  premium;  Jos.  Milward,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Book  Case,  Patterson  &,  Erd.  Lexington,  premium. 

Sofa  and  half  doz.  Chairs,  Patterson  &  Erd,  Lexington,  premium;  Joseph  Milward,  Lex- 
ington, certificate. 

Piano,  Daniel  Weihl,  Lexington,  premium. 

Fur  Hat,  H.  Shaw  <&  Co..  Lexington,  premium;  T.  J.  Adams,  Georgetown,  certificate. 

Silk  Hat,  T.  J.  Adams,  Georgetown,  premium;   H.  Shaw  &,  Co.,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Wool  Hat,  H.  Shaw  &,  Co.,  Lexington,  premium, 

Straw  Hat,  T.  J.  Adams,  Georgetown,  premium. 

Shoes  made  by  a  Lady.  Mrs   G.  TaUor,  Oldham,  premium. 

Side  Sole  Leather,  P.  E.  Yeiser,   Lexington,  premium;   H    VV    Rood,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Side  Upper  Leather,  H.  VV.  Reed,  Lexington,  premium;  P.  E.  Yeisrr,  Lexington,  certifi- 
cate. 

Side  Harness  Leather,  P.  E.  Yeiser,  Lexington,  premium;  H.  W.  Reed,  Lexington,  certifi- 
cate. 

Side  Skirting  Leather,  H.  W.  Reed,  Lexington,  premium. 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins,  (fair)  H.  VV .  Reed,  Lexington,  premium. 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins,  (black)  P.  E.  Yeiser,  Lexington,  premium. 

Half  dozen  Hog  Skins,  H.  VV.  Reed,  Lexington,  premium 

Halt  dozen  Dog  Skins,  H.  VV    Reed,  Lexington,  premium. 

Two  horse  Plow  for  sod,  J.J.  Nichols,  Fayette,  premium. 

Two  horse  Plow  for  stubble,  J    J.  Nichols,  premium  and  certificate'. 

One  horse  Plow,  J   J.  Nichols,  premium. 

Roller,  Oldham  &  Scott,  Fayette,  premium. 

Cultivator,  S.  H    Montgomery,  premium. 

Wagon,  II.  F.  Cromwell,  Cuithiana,  premium;  J    J.  Nichols,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Cutting  Box,  G.  B.  Griffin,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  premium. 

Plantation  Gate,  Oldham  &  Scott,  Fayette,  premium. 

Ladd  &  Lathrop's  Rotary  Harrow,  J.  F    Reiser,  Lexington,  premium. 

Reaping  Machine,  Granville  Smith.  Fayette,  premium. 

Mowing  Machine,  R.  L    Allen,  N.  Y  ,  premium. 

Corn  Crusher,  Geo.  G.  Hopkins.  Pa.,  premium. 

Specimen  of  Silver  Ware,   F.  Yeiser  &  Co.,  Lexington,  premium. 

Specimen  of  Stone  Cutting,  M.  Pruden,  Lexington,  premium 

Carriages,  Galpin  &  Simpson,  Lexington,  premium;   N    Cropper.  Lexington,  certificate. 

Buggy,  A.  VV    Forwood,  Georgetown,  premium;  Galpin  &  Simpson,  Lexington,  certificate. 

Set  Double  Harness,  J.  P.  Tingle,  Lexington,  premium. 

Set  Single  Harness,  J.  P.  Tingle,  Lexington,  premium  and  certificate. 

Corn,  best  dozen  for  Bread,  T.  J.  Grimes,  Bourbon,  premium;  E.  R.  Smith,  Fayette,  certifi- 
cate. 


REPORT  OF  THE 

Corn,  best  dozen  for  Stock,  G.  H.  Bosworth,  Fayette,  premium;  Jos.  A.  Humphreys,  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 

Wheat,  largest  yield  per  acre  of  five  acres,  J.  C.  Lemon,  Scott,  premium;  C.  Talbott,  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Wheat.  best  specimen  of  one  bushel,  Samuel  Maddox,  Fayette,  premium;  Jas.  M.  Fishoack, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Oats,  best  specimen  of  one  bushel,  Samuel  Maddox,  Fayette,  premium;  Joseph  Hearne, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

R.ve,  largest  yieid  per  acre  of  five  acres.  Dr.  Hurst,  Woodford,  premium. 

Water- Rotted  Hemp,  (fifty  six  pounds)  Capt,.  A.  Buford,  Woodford,  premium. 

Apples,  best  display  of  good  varieties,  Jas.  Foley,  Fayette,  premium. 

Apples,  best  variety  not  less  than  a  peek,  Jas.  Foley,  premium. 

Peaches,  best  display  of  good  varieties.  Jas    Foley,  premium. 

Peaches,  best  variety  not  less  than  a  dozen,  James  Foley,  premium. 

Pears,  best  display  of  good  varieties,  M.  C   Johnson,  Lexington,  premium. 

Plums,  best  display  of  good  varieties,  Jas.  Foley,  Fayette,  premium. 

Nectarines,  best  display  of  good  varieties,  Jas.  Foley,  premium. 

Quinces,  best  dozen,  W.  A.  Pullum,  Fayette,  premium. 

Grapes,  display  of  hardy  varieties,  Jas.  Foley,  Fayette,  premium. 

Grapes,  display  grown  under  glass,  Joel  Higgins,  Lexington,  Dremium. 

Kentucky  Wine,  six  bottles,  G.  H.  Withers.  Danville,  premium. 

Potatoes,  largest  yield  of  half  an  acre,  W.  S.  Chipley.  Lexington,  premium. 

Potatoes,  best  display  of  varieties,  Samuel  Farar,  Fayette,  premium;  J.  W.  Mctlvaine, 
Woodford,  certificate. 

Potatoes,  Sweet  or  Yam,  specimen  not  less  than  one  bushel.  Jas.  Foley,  premium. 

Potatoes,  Sweet  or  Yam,  display  of  variety,  Jas.  Folev,  premium. 

Tomatoes,  best  display  of  varieties,  John  McCracken,  Lexington,  premium;  G.  W.  Bos- 
worth, Fayette,  certificate. 

Cabbage,  best  six  heads,  drum,  Joseph  Hearne,  Favette,  premium. 

Cabbage,  best  six  heads,  Flat  Dutch,  R   Wickliffe,  Lexington,  premium. 

Turnips,  best  dozen  for  table,  Thos.  Bryan,  Fayette,  premium. 

Beets,  best  dozen  lor  table,  Jus.  Foley,  Fayette,  premium. 

Beets,  best  dozen  for  siock,  Jas.  Foley,  premium. 

Parsnips,  best  dozen  lor  table,  J    W.  Mcllvaine,  Woodford,  premium. 

Carrots,  half  peck  for  stock,  G   W.  Bosworth,- Fayette,  premium. 

Celery,  best  dozen,  branches,  J    W.  Mcllvaine,  Woodford,  premium. 

Salsify,  best  dozen  branches,  J.  W.  Sullivan,  Fayette,  premium. 

Onions,  best  peck,  Granville  Smith,  Fayette,  premium. 

Egg  Plant,  best  half  dozen,  W.  S.  Chipley,  Lexington,  premium. 

Cautelopes,  best  half  dozen,  Saml.  Farrar,  Fayette,  premium. 

Water  Melons,  G    H.  Bosworth,  Fayette,  premium. 

Best,  and  greatest  variety  of  vegetables,  Jas.  Foley,  Fayette,  premium. 

Best  displ   y  of  Flowers  in  crocks  and  tobs.  Mrs   j    B.  Clay,  Fayette,  premium. 

Handsomest  Boquet,  G    H.  Withers,  Danville,  premium. 

Handsomest  Flon.l  Design,  Miss  Sue  Scott,  Lexington,  premium. 

Largest  and  Handsomest  display  of  Cut  Flowers,  Miss  Sue  Scott,  Lexington,  premium. 

Best  display  of  Poultry,  Win.  Adams,  Fayette,  premium;  Mrs.  E.B.  Coleman,  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

Butter,  best  three  pounds,  Mrs.  W.  R.  Duncan,  Clarke,  premium;  Mrs.  Robt  McClanahan, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Cheese,  best  ten  pounds,  Mrs.  Dr.  Hurst,  premium;  Mrs.  Jno.  B.  Johnson,  Fayette,  'certifi- 
cate. 

Honev,  best  ten  pounds,  A.  B.  Bowman,  Fayette,  premium. 

Loaf  Bread  of  Light  Wheat,  Miss  Kate  Brand,  Lexington,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  R.  Estill, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Loaf  Bread,  corn,  Miss  Sallie  Houghton,  Fayette,  premium. 

Barrel  Flour,  F.  Montmollin,  Lexington,  premium;  Jas.  H.  Elgin,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Barrel  Meal,  Oldham  &  Scott,  Fayette,  premium. 

Ham,  cooked,  Mrs.  Ann  E.  Allen,  Fayette,  premium;  Mr3.  W.  R.  Estill,  Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  pair  Carriage  Horses,  John  F.  Payne,  Scott,  premium;  J.  B.  Waller,  Fayette,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  pair  Buggy  Horses,  J.  B.  Clay,  Fayette,  premium;  W.  H.  Applegate,  Georgetown,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  pair  Buggy  Mares,  A.  H.  Brand,  Fayette,  premium;  Thos.  H.  Shelby,  Jr.,  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

Pony,  rode  by  Boy  under  thirteen  years  old,  J.  B.  Clay,  Jr.,  Fayette,  premium;  R.  S.  Taylor, 
Clarke,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  423 

SECOND  DAY. 

BREEDING  CATTLE     KNOWN   AS  SUCH. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  premium;  George  M.  Bed- 
ford, of  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Bull,  three  and  under  four  years,  Thos.  Hughes,  of  Fayette,  premium;  J.  T.  McClelland, of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Bull,  two  and  under  three  years,  C.  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  J.  W.  Pritchett,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Bull,  one  And  under  two  years,  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium;  Payne  &,  Viley,  of 
Favette,  certificate. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  W.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  premium ;  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  of  Fayette, 
certificate. 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  W.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Solomon  Vanmeter,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Cow,  three  years  and  under  four,  Albert  Allen,  of  Fayette,  premium;  John  Curd,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate" 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  Dr.  E.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  premium;  George  M.  Bed- 
ford, of  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  R.   A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cow,  under   one  year  old,  VV .  R.  Duncan,    of  Clarke,  premium;  Charles  Bright,  of  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 
■ 

OPEN    RING    FOR    ALL    AGES    AND    KINDS. 

Best  Bull,  R.  A.   Alexander  of  Woodford,  premium;  C.  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon,  certificate. 
Best  Cow,  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium  and  certificate. 

(An  Alderny  Cow  and  Ayrshire  Bull  and  Cow,  were  exhibited  by  R.  A.  Alexander,  but  as 
there  was  no  competition  there  were  no  awards  made  ) 
Best  Hereford  Bull,  W.  H.  Lotham,  New  York,  premium. 
Best  Hereford  Cow,  W.  H.  Lotham,  New  York,  premium. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullock,  five  years  old  Isaac  Shelby,  of  Fayette,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  four  years  old,  Isaac  Shelby,  of  Fayette,  premium;  W.  Adams,  of  Fayette, 
certificate 

Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  five  years  old,  Isaac  Shelby,  of  Fayette,  premium  and 
certificate. 

Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  four  years  old,  Isaac  Shelby,  of  Fayette,  premiem;  W. 
R.  Estill,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Nat.  Shropshire,  of  Garrard,  premium;  Isaac 
Shelby,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Isaac  Shelby,  of  Fay- 
ette, premium  and  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Luke 
Hopkins,  of  Shelby,  premium;  W.  S.  Carter,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  R.  A.  Alex- 
ander, of  Woodford,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Cow,  under  one  year,  Abrm.  Vanmeter,  Jr.,  of 
Clarke,  premium;  W.  Adams,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

FAT  SHEEP. 

Five  best  Fat  Sheep,  J.  M.  Calloway,  of  Henry,  premium;  James  Foley,  of  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

OXEN. 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen,  three  years  old  and  over,  Benj.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  premium;  J. 
Delph,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  under  three  years,  R.  T.  Dillard,  of  Fayette,  premium;  W.  D.  Sutherland, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  Long  Wool,  S.  H.  Lewis,  of  Fayette,  premium;  R.  T.  Dillard,  of  Fayette,  certifi- 
cate. 

Yearling  Buck,  Long  Wool,  Isaac  Smith,  of  Clarke,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 

Ewe,  Long  Wool,  S.  H.  Lewis,  of  Fayette,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  cer- 
tificate. 

Yearling  Ewe,  Long  Wool,  R.  T.  Dillard,  of  Fayette,  premium ;  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 

Buck,  Middle  Wool,  R.  A.Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium;  C.  M.  Clay,  of  Madison,, 
certificate. 


424  REPORT  OF  THE 

Ewe,  Middle  Wool,  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium  and  certificate. 

Yearling  Ewe,  Middle  Wool,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium  and  certificate. 

Buck,  Fine  Wool,  James  Calloway,  Sr.,  of  Henry,  premium. 

Ewe,  Fine  Wool,  James  Calloway,  Sr  ,  of  Henry,  premium. 

Best  Pair  Lambs,  John  W.  Cromwell,  of  Fayette,  premium;  R.  T.  Dillard,  of  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

Best  Buck  of  any  breed,  Isaac  Smith,  of  Clarke,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodford, 
certificate. 

Best  Ewe  of  any  breed,  E.  P.  Gaines,  of  Scott,  premium  and  certificate. 

HOGS. 

Boar  two  years  old  and  upwards,  James  Foley,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Ab'm  Vanmeter'  Jr., 
of  Claike,  certificate. 

Boar  one  and  under  two  years,  Samuel  H.  Clay,  of  Bourbon,  premium. 

Boar  six  months  and  under  one  year,  Joel  Higgins,  of  Fayette,  premium. 

Sow  two  years  old  and  upwards,  M.  Downing,  of  Fayette,  premium;  W.  R.  Estill,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Sow  one  and  under  two  years,  W.  R.  Estill,  of  Fayette,  premium. 

Sow  Pig  six  months  and  under  one  year,  W.  R.  Estill,  premium;  Joel  Higgins,  of  Fayette, 
certificate. 

Best  pair  Pigs  under  six  months  old,  Gen.  Wm.  Bryan,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Dr.  L.  P. 
Tarlton,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Best  five  Fat  Hogs,  Oldham  &  Scott,  of  Fayette,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    STALLIONS. 

Stallions  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Capt.  A.  Buford,  Woodford,  (Sovereign)  premium; 
James  L.  Bradley,  of  Fayette,  (Vandal)  certificate. 

Stallions  three  and  under  four  years/Clay  &  Wingate,  of  Fayette,  premium;  N.  Craig,  of 
Scott,  certificate. 

Stallions  two  and  under  three  years,  Thomns  Embry,  of  Madison,  premium;  J.  L.  Downing, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Stallions  one  and  under  two  years,  John  M.  Clay,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Thos.  H.  Payne,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Stud  Colts  under  one  year,  Webb  Ross,  of  Scott,  premium;  E.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

BLOODED    BROOD    MARES    KNOWN    AS    BREEDERS. 

Mares  four  years  old  and  upwards,  R.  A.  Alexander,  of  Woodlord,  premium;  J.  C  Montague, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Mares  three  and  under  four  years,  W.  F.  Jones,  of  Woodford,  premium. 

Mares  two  and  under  three  years,  Dr.  B.  W.  Dudley,  of  Fayette,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexan- 
der, certificate. 

Mares  one  and  under  two  years,  R.  A.  Alexander,  premium;  E.  Warfield,  of  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mare  Colts  under  one  year  old,  Thomas  H.  Clay,  of  Fayette,  premium;  E.  R.  Smith,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

DRAFT    STALLIONS. 

Stallions  three  years  old  and  upwards,  George  Cleveland,  of  Jessamine,  premium. 
Stallions  two  and  under  three  years,  A.  J.  Alexander,  of  Woodford,  premium;  Jos   Graves, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

BROOD    MARES    FOR   DRAFT. 

Mares  three  years  old  and  upwards,  H.  C.  Bowman,  of  Fayette,  premium;  G.  L.  Chiles,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Mares  two  and  under  three  years,  G.  L.  Chiles,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Robt.  Hays,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Best  Draft  Gelding,  Hartwell  Ethrington,  of  Fayette,  premium;  M.  Downing,  of  Fayette, 
certificate. 

MULES. 

Horse  Mule  one  and  under  two  years,  John  F.  Payne,  of  Scott,  premium;  Wilson  Hunt,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Horse  Mule  Colt,  Samuel  Muir,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Dory  Veal,  of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare  Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards,  W.  R.  Estill,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Johu  Thorns,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare  Mule  one  and  under  two  years,  W.  T.  Calmes,  of  Fayette,  premium;  John  F.  Payne, 
of  Scott,  certifiente. 

Mare  Mule  Colt,  George  M.  Victor,  of  Bourbon,  premium;  W.  R.  Estill,  of  Fayette,  cer- 
tificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  425 

Best  pair  Broke  Mules,  VV.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke,  premium;  J.  S.  Sinclair,  of  Scott,  certifi- 
cate. 

JENNETS. 

Jennet,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Harrison  Thomson,  of  Clarke,  premium;  W.  L.  Suth- 
erland, of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Jennet,  three  and  under  four  years,  Fred.  Adams,  of  Jessamine,  premium;  Jos.  Graves,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  and  under  three  years,   Dudley  Tribble,  of  Madison,  premium. 

Jennet,  one   and   under  two  years,  George  M    Proctor,  of  Boyle,  premium. 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,  VV.  Hays,  of  Fayette,  premium;  A.  Blackwell,  of  Clarke,  cer- 
tificate. 

JACKS. 

Jack,  four  years  old  and  upward,  S.  J.  Salvers,  of  Fayette,  premium. 

Jack,  three  and  under  four  years,  J.  F  Payne,  of  Scott,  premium;  VV.  T.  Calmes,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Jack,  two  and  under  three  year3,  Daniel  Talbott,  of  Boyle,  premium;  J.  H.  Sheffer,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate. 

Jack,  one  and  under  two  years,  S.  D.  Talbott,  of  Boyle,  premium;  VV.  R.  Duncan,  of  Clarke, 
certificate. 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  A.  F.  Eastin,  of  Fayette,  premium;  VV.  H.  Rearden,  of  Scott, 
certificate. 

Jack,  open  ring,  including  previous  premium  animals,  Danl.  Talbott,  of  Boyle,  premium; 
John  F.Payne,  of  Scott,  certificate. 

Jennet,  open  ring,  including  previous  premium  animals,  Dudley  Tribble,  of  Madison,  pre- 
mium; Harrison  Thompson,  of  Gierke,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

HARNESS    AND    SADDLE    HORSES  — STALLIONS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Jas.  T.  Nichols,  of  Harrison,  premium;  E.  J.  Smith, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  and  under  four  years,  Jas.  T.  Nichols,  of  Harrison,  premium;  V.  L.  Suther- 
land, of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  and  under  three  years,  Robt.  Garrett,  of  Woodford,  premium;  R.  A.  Alexan- 
der, of  Woodford,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  and  under  two  years,  VVm.  Richardson,  of  Fayette,  premium;  VVm.  Wright, 
of  Fayette,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  H.  T.  Nichols,  of  Harrison,  premium;  N.  S.  Lee,  of  Boyle, 
certificate. 

BROOD    MARES    FOR    HARNESS. 

Mares,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  VV.  Higgins,  of  Fayette,  premium ;  W.  A.  Neil,  of  Ohio, 
certificate. 

Mares,  three  and  under  four  years,  T.  L.  Coons,  of  Fayette,  premium;  W.  Abbott,  of  Scott, 
certificate. 

Mares,  two  and  under  three  years,  Harrison  Thompson,  of  Clarke,  premium;  Jno.  P.  Shrop 
shire,  of  Scott,  certificate. 

Mares,  one  and  under  two  year3,  H.  S.  Parker,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Robert  Garrett,  of 
Woodlord,  certificate. 

Mares,  uuder  one  year  old,  H.  S.  Parker,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Caleb  Walton,  of  Harrison, 
certificate. 

GELDINGS    FOR    HARNESS. 

Geldings,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  Scott  Browu,  of  Franklin,  premium;  J.  E.  Eastin,  of 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Geldings,  three  and  under  four  years,  N.  T.  Lee,  of  Boyle,  premium;  J.  E.  Eastin,  of  Fay- 
ette, certificate 

Geldings,  two  and  under  three  years,  Capt.  Allison,  of  Georgia,  premium. 

Open  Ring  for  Geldings,  of  all  ages  and  kinds,  Scott  Brown,  of  Franklin,  premium;  Capt. 
Allison,  of  Georgia,  certificate. 

STALLIONS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Stallions,  four  years  old  and  upwards,  W.  H.  Nelson,  of  Montgomery,  premium;  J.  R. 
Moss,  of  Henry,  certificate. 

Stallions,  three  and  under  four  years,  J.  F.  Payne,  of  Scott,  premium;  VV.  F.  Rose,  of  Jes- 
samine, certificate. 

Stallions,  two  and  under  three  years,  James  Faulkner,  of  Fayette,  premium;  T.  VV.  Lewis, 
of  Clarke,  certificate. 

Stallions,  one  and  under  two  years,  W.  V.  Cromwell,  of  Fayette,  premium;  Payne  Mar- 
shall, of  Scott,  certificate. 

Stallions,  under  one  year  old,  G.  A.  Spranger,  of  Scott,  premium;  S.  J.  Salyers,  of  Fayette, 
certificate. 


426 


RF.PORT  OF  THE 


BROOD    MARE*    FOR    SADDLE. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  R.  P.  Pepper,  Woodford,  premium;  P.  E.  Todhunter, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  T.  W.  Lewis,  Clarke  premium;  John  E.  Darnaby, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  George  W.  Neat,  Jessamine;  premium;  Leo.  Thomas, 
Scott,  certificate. 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  E.  P.  Gaines,  Scott,  premium;  G.  A.  Sprangen,  Scott, 
certificate.  , 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  W.  F.  Rose,  Jessamine,  premium;  Leo.  Thomas,  Scott,  certifi- 
cate. 

GELDINGS    FOR    SADDLE. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward,  Robert  Nutter,  Fayette,  premium;  B.  T.  Vivion, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  Logan  Railey,  Woodford,  premium;  A.  P.  Wil- 
liams, Frankfort,  certifirrte. 

Gelding,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  Robert  Prewitt,  Fayette,  premium;  Z.  Elkin, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

PREMIUMS    FOR    ALL    AGES    AND    KINDS, 

Including  previous  Premium  Animals. 

Stallions,  of  all  atres  and  kinds,  open  Ring,  J  T.Nichols,  Harrison,  premium;  Robert 
Garrett,  Woodford,  certificate. 

Mares,  of  all  ages  and  kinds,  open  Ring — G.  D.  Hunt,  Fayette,  premium;  Richard  Down- 
ing. Jr.,  Favette,  certificate. 

The  three  following  Rings  were  made  during  the  three  last  days  of  the  Fair: 

Extra  Ring  for  Carriage  Horses — Sanford  Davis,  Scott,  premium;  J.  B.  Waller,  Fayette, 
certificate 

Extra  Ring  for  Buggy  Mares — R.  P.  Pepper,  Woodford,  premium;  W.  A.  Neal,  Ohio, 
certificate. 

Extra  Ring  for  Saddle  Mares — W.  T.  Hughes,  Fayette,  premium;  J.  F.  Payne,  Scott,  cer- 
tificate. 


KENTUCKY  HORTICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

This  Institution  was  established  about  fifteen  years  ago,  and  was  ushered  into  existence 
mainly  by  the  efforts  of  a  few  citizens  of  the  county  of  Jefferson  and  city  of  Louisville,  prom- 
inent among  whom  were  Dr.  James  C.  Johnson,  L.  L.  Shreve,  Thomas  Smith,  Hamilton 
Smith,  John  P.  Morton,  E.  D.  Hobbs,  and  L.  Young.  Soon  after  organization,  one  of  its 
earliest  Presidents,  H.  Smith,  made  a  judicious  step  in  the  right  direction  by  importing  from 
England  and  elsewhere,  and  distributing  freely  among  the  members,  a  choice  lot  of  kitchen 
garden  and  flower  seeds,  together  with  cuttings  and  trees  of  many  rare  and  select  fruits.  Many 
other  membeis  have  followed  so  good  an  example,  until  the  displays  which  now  adorn  the  So- 
ciety's tables  have  become  very  choice  and  very  varied. 

In  its  earlier  years  of  existence  this  enterprise  made  but  little  progress  in  winning  public 
favor.  Its  honors  of  membership  seemed  too  expensive  to  suit  the  popular  taste,  so  that,  at 
its  second  or  third  annual  exhibition,  its  whole  body  of  contributors  consisted  of  a  very  small 
band,  insomuch  that  croakers  declared  it  to   be  a   failure  as  a   public  exhibition,  and  that  it 

was  a  misnomor  to  call  it  anything  but 's  display — that   individual  being  a  very  large 

contributor. 

Subsequently  a  great  reduction  was  made  in  the  annual  cost  of  membership,  and  strong  in- 
ducements held  out  to  practical  cultivators  to  join  in  the  enterprise,  the  most  efficient  of 
which  was  the  establishment,  during  the  fruit  season,  of  weekly  shows  and  auction  sales  of 
the  articles  exhibited.  In  this  way  every  cultivator  had  an  opportunity  of  obtaining  all  the 
credit  due  him  for  his  specimens  of  fruit  and  his  choicest  boquets  of  flowers,  and  of  being  re- 
munerated at  the  auction  sales  with  fabulous  prices  for  things  extra  fine.  The  finest  effects  of 
this  Society's  proceedings,  and  its  weekly  and  annual  displays,  have  been  too  marked  to  to  be 
mistaken  upon  the  producer  and  consumer;  both  have  been  benefitted — the  one  has  learned  to 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  427 

grow  and  bring  out  fruits  by  system  rather  than  by  chance,  the  other  to  know  and  to  prize  them 
far  more  understandingly.     This  position  a  few  facts  will  maintain. 

Thus,  as  late  as  184  i,  Seckel  Pears  in  the  Louisville  market  were  worth  about  one  dollar  a 
bushel,  whilst  of  late  years,  though  far  more  abundant,  they  readily  command  four  dollars  per 
bushel.  Again:  when  at  one  of  the  early  exhibitions  of  the  Kentucky  Horticultural  Society 
that  most  excellent  gentleman,  R,  Buchanan,  then  President  of  the  Cincinnati  Horticultural  So- 
ciety, kindly  consented,  on  invitation,  to  lend  interest  to  the  occasion,  and  sent  a  few  choice 
specimens  of  the  apple  and  the  pear.  Some  of  the  most  experienced  members  of  the 
Kentucky  Horticultural  Society  were  ashamed  to  place  on  their  own  tables  specimens  they  had 
thought  good;  tested  by  standards  with  which  they  had  been  familiar  up  to  that  time.  Yet, 
these  same  disconcerted  individuals,  instructed  and  stimulated  by  this  opportunity  to  study 
and  imitate  higher  models  of  excellence,  have  since  won  honor9  in  the  same  department  upon 
the  tables  of  the  Cincinnati  Society  itself.  Indeed,  the  soil  of  our  State  is  so  well  suited  to 
fruit  culture,  that  whatever  can  withstand  the  climate  can  be  grown  in  the  highest  perfection* 
and  this  is  especially  true  of  the  peach.  It  is  but  justice  to  our  State,  and  to  this  Society, 
to  say,  that  at  the  Great  World's  r  air,  in  London,  the  first  honor  was  awarded  to  peaches  of 
Kentucky  growth,  and  by  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  Horticultural  Society. 

This  Society  has  in  progress  one  other  labor,  destined  in  the  end  to  accomplish  much  goods 
and  that  is,  the  settling  by  close  scrutiny  and  repeated  comparisons,  a  list  of  fruits  suited  to 
Kentucky  and  similar  localities,  as  also  their  order  of  succession  in  ripening. 

The  present  officers  of  the  Society  are:  L.  Young,  President;  E..D.  Hobbs,  A.  Peter,  W. 
Mix,  Vice  Presidents;  L.  P.  Yandell,  Corresponding  Secretary;  W.  D.  Gallagher,  Record- 
ing Secretary;  James  Buchanan,  Treasurer;  C.  C.  Carey,  A.  G.  Muun,  J.  A.  Moore,  H. 
Nanz,  J.  Walker,  0.  Hite,  A.  Lerb,  Jno.  Thatcher,  E.  Wilson,  Executive  Committee. 


KENTUCKY  MECHANICS'  INSTITUTE. 
Officers  for  1857.— George  Ainslie,  President;  W.  H.  Dulaney,  Vice  President;  John  B. 
Davies,  Recording  Secretary;  John  D  O'Leary,  Corresponding  Secretary;  C.  T.  Vennigerholz, 
Treasurer;  B.  F.  Avery,  Robert  Skene,  W.H.Dix,  J.  O  Campbell,  E.  Barbaroux,  T.  G. 
Shaw,  William  Kaye,  J.  S.  Minott,  A.  H.  Patch,  James  Dangerfield,  Directors;  D.  McPherson, 
Actuary 

REPORT  OF  EXHIBITION  COMMITTEE. 

To  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute: 

Gentlemen — Your  Exhibition  Committee  submit  the  following  as  their  Report: 
It  having  been  resolved  to  hold  the  National  Agricultural  Fair  at  this  city,  commencing  on 
the  first  of  September,  the  time  for  opening  our  Fifth  Annual  Exhibition  was  fixed  at  an  ear- 
lier day  than  usual;  when  Circulars  were  issued  and  extensively  distributed,  giving  the  neces- 
sary information  to  those  who  wished  to  exhibit  and  inviting  contributions  from  all  parts  of 
the  country.  The  following  is  a  copy: 

CIRCULAR. 

The  Fifth  Exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute  will  be  held  at  their  Hall,  corner 
of  Btoadwav  and  Fourth  streets,  Louisville,  Kv.,  beginning  on  Tuesday,  the  18th  of  August, 
1P57. 

The  impulse  given  to  Mechanical  Industry  and  the  benefits  flowing  therefrom  render  the 
holding  of  our  Annual  Fairs  no  longer  a  problem  or  experiment.  The  friends  of  this  Insti- 
tution were  never  more  sanguine  of  the  success  of  any  Exhibition  than  the  appronching  one. 
The  natural  interest  felt  by  our  Mechanic*,  Manufacturers  and  Inventors  in  an  enterprise  they 
have  zealouslv  nurtured  into  a  noble  achievement.,  will  be  ten  fold  augmpnted  by  the  additional 
facilities  afforded  them  at  this  exhibition  in  publishing  as  wide  as  the  Union  their  acknowl- 
edged skill  and  genius,  through  the  thousands  of  strangers  attracted  thither  by  the  great  Na- 
tional Fair,  to  be  held  in  Louisville  during  the  progress  of  our  Exhibition. 


428  REPORT  OF  THE 

Our  citizens  have  ever  responded  with  alacrity  to  the  calls  made  upon  them  to  encourage 
and  loster  ihe  Annual  Fairs  of  this  Institution,  by  sending  forward  the  products  of  their  toil; 
and,  while  'heir  contributions  have  elevated  the  fame  of  our  city  and  awakened  a  commenda- 
ble spirit,  of  emulation,  they  have  served  to  fill  our  Hall  with  admiring  spectators  and  our 
treasury  with  the  means  to  supply  its  Library  with  those  interesting  and  valuable  books  daily 
demanded  by  its  twelve  hundred  readers. 

To  foreign  contributors  we  again  extend  a  cordial  invitation.  A  most  favorable  opportunity 
is  now  presented  you  to  introduce  the  evidences  of  your  skill  in  the  industrial  pursuits  and  the 
fine  arts  in  the  hroad  valley  of  the  Mississippi.  Let  the  honorable  competition  that  you  will 
encount'-r  stimulate  your  inventive  faculties,  and  the  laurels  you  win  iu  this  contest  will  ever 
live  green  in  your  memory. 

We  earnestly  and  politely  solicit  the  co-operation  of  the  Ladies,  whose  handiwork  has  con- 
tributed so  largely  to  the  interest  of  our  Exhibitions;  and,  inasmuch  as  it  does  not  enter  into 
the  plans  of  the  National  Fair  to  offer  premiums  for  your  contributions,  the  Board  of  Directors 
will  award  discretionary  premiums  for  delicate  and  ingenious  designs  from  the  hand  of  beauty. 

The  Committee  will  make  every  exertion  to  aid  contributors  to  display  their  goods  to  ad- 
vantage. 

A  Steam  Engine  and  Shafting  and  a  careful  Superintendent  will  be  provided  that  Working 
Models  of  Machinery  may  be  exhibited  in  motion. 

Persons  intending  to  exhibit  are  requested  to  inform  the  Actuary,  Mr.  D.  McPherson,  as  to 
the  amount  of  space  and  power  they  will  require. 

Tin-  annexed  regulations  have  been  adopted  for  the  government  of  the  Exhibition,  and  will 
be  strictly  adhered  to  and  enforced.  GEO.  AlNSLIE, 

W.  H.  DU LANKY, 
WILLIAM  KAYE, 

Louisville,  Mav  1,  1857.  Exhibition  Committee. 

REGULATIONS 
To  be  observed  at   the  Fifth  Annual   Exhibition  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  com- 
mencing  Tuesday,  August  18,  1857. 

1.  The  Exhibition  Hall  will  be  ready  for  the  reception  of  goods  on  Tuesday,  August  11, 
and  opened  lor  the  reception  of  visitors  on  Tuesdty.  Aug.  18,  1857,  at  7  o'clock,  P.  M. 

2.  No  article  deposited  after  Tuesday,  August  18,  can  be  entered  for  competition  or  premi- 
um, but  will  be  received  for  exhibition  only,  except  such  as  the  Committee  shall  be  satisfied 
were  dispatched  from  a  distance  in  time  to  have  reached  ihe  Exhibition  Hall  by  that  day,  but 
failed  to  arrive  from  unavoidable  detention. 

3.  All  articles  offered  for  competition  must  be  of  American  manufacture,  and  can  only  be 
entered  in  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  or  his  agent,  and  must  be  appropriately  designated 
and  labeled. 

4  Depositors  must,  at  the  time  of  entry,  furnish  the  Clerk  with  a  written  invoice  of  all  ar- 
ticles deposited  by  them,  stating  explicitly  what  articles  are  entered  for  competition,  and  what 
for  exhibition  only;  giving  the  name  and  address  of  the  maker  of  all  articles  entered  for 
competition ,  signed  by  the  depositor.  A  failure  to  furnish  such  statement  at  the  time  of  entry 
will  exclude  such  articles  from  the  examination  of  the  Judges. 

5.  Apprentices  and  Minors  who  contribute  articles  of  their  own  manufacture  or  invention, 
shall  specify  their  age  and  the  time  thev  hive  worked  at  their  business. 

6  No  article  can  be  removed  from  the  Exhibition  after  hiving  been  recorded,  without  spe- 
cial permission  of  the  Committee,  to  whom  written  application   must  be  made. 

7.  Articles  designed  for  exhibition  only,  will  be  admitted  free  of  charge. 

8.  Judges  of  the  respective  classes  of  articles  will  be  appointed  previous  ti  opening  the 
Exhibition;  and  from  8  to  10  o'clock  each  morning  will  be  especially  set  apart  for  the  exami- 
nation of  articles,  and  no  persons,  except  the  Exhibition  Committee,  will  be  admitted  during 
thoi-e  hours,  unless  some  explanation  be  desired  by  the  Judges,  when  all  competitors  in  the 
same  class  will  be  notified  to  attend. 

9.  Proof  as  to  the  origin  of  every  article  entered  must  be  furnished,  if  required  by  the 
Judges. 

10.  Gold.  Silver,  and  Bronze  Medals,  and  Diplomas  will  be  awarded  for  such  articles  as  the 
Judges  shall  decide  to  be  of  superior  m''ric,  and  Special  Premiums  will  be  awarded  for  the 
most  tieiitorious  articles  offered  in  the  Exhibition. 

11.  Each  depositor  is  entitled  to  a  ticket  admitting  a  specified  person,  if  necessary,  to  take 
charge  of  his  goods. 

12.  All  articles  deposited  will  be  at  the  risk  of  the  owners. 

1.1.  The  Hall  will  be  under  the  care  of  prudent  and  caretul  men  both  night  and  day. 

14.  Opportunity  will  be  offered  to  depositors  on  the  night  previous  to  closing  the  exhibition 
of  disponing  of  their  articles  at  auction  or  otherwise. 

15.  Any  person  transferring  their  tickets  shall  be  deprived  of  the  privileges  of  the  Exhibition. 

16.  A  special  day  and  evening  will  be  set  apart  for  the  exhibition  of  Q.  lilts,  and  the  pre- 
miums announced  the  same  evening  by  the  President  of  the  Institute,  after  which  the  Quilts 
may  be  removed,  at  the  option  of  the  depositors.     Premiums  as  follows: 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  429 

For  best  Silk  Quilt,  patch-work, $25  00 

For  best  Worsted  Quilt,  patch  work, J5  00 

For  best  Cotton  Quilt,  patch  work, 15  00 

For  best  Cotton  Counterpane,  patch  work, -         -         10  01) 

For  best  Cotton  and  Worsted  Counterpane, -         10  00 

No  premiums  will  be  awarded  for  these  articles  when  there  is  only  one  competitor,  and  a 
charge  of  five  dollars  will  be  made  for  competing. 

17.  Articles  intended  for  exhibition  at  the  National  Fair  may  be  removed  for  that  purpose, 
provided  notice  be  given  at  the  time. of  entry. 

18.  The  closing  address  will  be  delivered  on  the  last  night  of  the  exhibition,  and  the  pre- 
miums announced  by  the  President. 

19.  Articles  sent  trom  a  distance  should  be  directed  "Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  care 
of  Thomas  McGrain,  Louisville,  Ky." 

The  day  fixed  was  so  early  that  we  were  somewhat  late  in  making  preparations,  yet  opened 
at  the  appointed  time;  but  our  exhibitors,  many  of  them,  were  more  dilatory.  It  was  so  close 
upon  the  business  season  that  some  of  them  could  not  make  their  preparations,  others  had  not 
received  goods  necessary  for  the  purpose,  many  persons  were  out  of  the  city,  and  various  other 
reasons  were  given;  consequently,  at  the  opening  of  the  Hall,  the  display  was  not  so  good  as 
it  should  have  been. 

The  attendance  of  a  great  nnmber  of  strangers  being  expected,  in  consequence  of  the  hold- 
ing of  the  National  Agricultural  Fair  at  this  point,  it  was  resolved  to  enlarge  our  Hall,  and 
it  was  extended  to  the  alley  in  the  rear,  making  an  addition  of  about  18  by  100  feet  on  the 
ground,  and  the  galleries  were  also  extended.  We  think  the  extension  a  great  improvement, 
and  it  was  found  necessary  while  the  National  Fair  continued,  for  the  Hall  was  crowded  every 
night,  and  many  persons,  as  it  was,  could  not  get  in  at  all. 

The  display,  though  at  first  rather  meagre,  improved  gradually  and  rapidly  after  the  opening 
even  until  the  close,  and  was  very  creditable.  As  to  the  receipts,  this  exhibition  was  perhaps 
the  best  yet  held.  In  one  night,  Tuesday,  September  1st,  very  nearly  2,0U0  tickets  were  sold 
at  the  door,  about  four  hundred  more  than  were  ever  sold  before  in  one  night;  yet  circum- 
stances were  not  more  favorable  than  usual,  for,  although  the  receipts  during  the  holding  of 
the  National  Fair  was  very  great,  they  fell  off  in  a  corresponding  degree  the  succeeding  week, 
our  people  being  tired  out,  and  having  spent  their  spate  cash,  and  many  other  places  of  amuse- 
ment being  open — in  addition  to  which,  during  the  second  week,  the  weather  was  very  un- 
favorable. 

Our  expenditures  were  not  so  great  as  last  year,  but  still  have  been  considerable.  The  exten- 
sion of  the  Hall  cost  over  $600,  a  new  boiler  more  than  $'M\i,  with  several  other  unusual 
items,  most  of  which,  however,  are  chargable  to  Stock  Account.  An  the  other  hand,  the 
running  expenses  were  somewhat  smaller  than  heretofore. 

The  alterations  made,  and  the  outlay  for  them,  admoi.ish  us  of  the  necessity  of  a  perma- 
nent building,  when  such  expenditures  will  cease  to  be  necessary.  As  it  is,  one  year  we  build 
a  temporary  house,  the  next  make  alterations  in  it,  the  next  take  down,  remove,  and  re  erect 
it,  and  the  next  enlarge  it,  &c;  all  which  eat  up  our  receipts. 

The  following  is  the  financial  statement : 

EXHIBITION  ACCOUNT. 

DEBITS. 

To  building  addition  to  Exhibition  Hall,  and  repairs,       -         -         -         -        -  $  541  60 

To  roofing, 65  47 

To  decorations, 270  00 

To  cotton  for  ceiling  and  tables, 42  55 

To  bagging  for  floor  of  galleries,    -         - 58  31 

To  work  on  gas  fixtures,  force  pump,  pipe  and  fittings,  &c,    ....  107  00 

To  setting  boiler,              60  00 

To  new  boiler, 320  13 

To  new  chimney,  pipe,  flanges,  &c., -  16(1  30 

To  safety  valve,      -                  -         -        -                           18  00 

To  new  fire  front,  grate  bars,  gum  belting,  &e., 114  41 

Amount  carried  forward,  -  $1,757  77 


430 


BEPORT  OF  THE 


Amount  brought  forward, $1,757  77 

To  removing  and  putting  up  shafting,  extension  of  shafting,  pipe,  &c,  -         -  188   15 

To  tank,  and  repairing  same,            - 25  25 

To  whitewashing  Exhibition. Hall,  -                                    73  00 

To  lumber,  sash,  &c, 107  55 

To  painting  and  glnzing, 27  55 

To  catpenter's  work  on  tables,  &e., 54  90 

To  ticket  seller, 75  00 

To  door  keepers  and  police, 355  00 

To  engineer, -  40  00 

To  laoorers, 177  05 

To  musicians, 291  70 

To  water  for  boiler, 29  50 

To  coal  for  boiler, 35  00 

To  gas, 256  40 

To  drayage,  cartage,  &c, -  1 1   60 

To  postage,              13  90 

To  printing  and  advertWng,    ----------  252  00 

To  printing  reports,         ....---.---  BO  0Q 

To  premiums,          ------                   .....  379  00 

To  bad  money,         .-..----..--  26  10 

To  insurance  on  Exhibition  Hall,  • 62  50 

To  sundry  small  items,  amounting  to, 25  35 

Total, $  4.344  32 

CREDITS. 

By  Minors'  Season  Tickets, -    -         -         -         -  $  93  00 

Bv  Entrance  Fees, 26  00 

By  Kent  ot   Rel'r.  shment  Saloon,      -         -         - 184  00 

Bv  Commissions  at  Auction  Sale,     ---------  10  30 

By  Sale  of  Tickets  at  Hotels, 31  00 

Bv  Cash  at  Door,  Tuesday,  August  18. $  87  P5 

By  Cash  at,  Door,  Wednesday,  August  19,        ....  6275 

Bv  Cash  at  Door,Thursday,  August  20,  ....  72  70 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Friday,  August  21. 77  25 

Bv  Cash  at  Door,  Saturday,  August  22,     -  58  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Monday,  August  24, 123  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Tuesday.  August  25, 1110  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Wednesday.  August  26,         ....  14  00 

By  Ca*h  at  Door,  Thursday,  August  27,  ....  6  5  50 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Fridav,  August  28, 165  50 

Bv  Cash  at  Door,  Saturday,  August  29,  ....  11350 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Monday,  August  31, 344  00 

By  Ca.-h  at  Door,  Tuesday,  September  1,  ....  49200 

By  Ca;-h  at  Door,  Wednesday,  September  2,     -         -         -         -  445  25 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Thursday,  September  3,  457  75 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Friday,  September  4,  ....  377  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Saturday,  September  5,         -  -         -         -  125  00 

By  Ca^h  at  Door,  Monday,  September  7,  -         -         -         -  78  50 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Tuesdav.  September  8,  -         -         -         -  54  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Wednesday,  September  9,     -         -         -  -  55  00 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Thursday,  September  10,      -  85  75 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Friday,  September  11,  ....  3775 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Saturday,  September   12,  21   50 

By  Cash  at  Door,  Monday,  September  14,         ....  0000 

Bv  Cash  at  Door,  Tuesday,  September  15,  140  00 

3,641  55 

Total  Cash  Receipts, $3,985  85 

By  Amount  Boiler,  Chimney,  Fire  front,  Safety-valve,  Cotton,  Bagging,  Pipe, 
Roofing,  Sash,  Addition  to  Hall,  Shafting,  Dies,  &c,  Chargeable  to  Stock 
Account, 1,585  89 

Total  Credits, $  5,571  74 

Total  Charges, 4,344  32 

Net  Profit, $1,227  42 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  431 

The  Exhibition  was  opened  on  Tuesday  evening,  the  18th  of  August,  with  an  address  by 
Geo  W.  Morris,  Esq.,  and  was  closed  ou  Tuesday  evening,  September  15,  with  an  address  by 
C.  D.  Kiik,  Esq  ;  it  was  open  twenty  five  nights,  exclusive  of  Sundays. 

Our  hope  is  that  our  Mechanics  and  Manufacturers  may  see  and  feel  the  benefits  to  be  de- 
rived from  these  Exhibitions,  when  they  will  continue  to  increase  in  interest  and  utility. 

Respectfully,  GEORGE   A1NSL1E, 

WM.  KAYE, 
D.  McPherson,  Sec.  Exhib.  Committee.  Exhibition  Committee. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED    AT   THE   KENTUCKY    MECHANICS'   INSTITUTE,    FOR 

1857. 

Mrs.  M   Sinclair,  listing  carpet,  diploma. 

James  Fenton  &.  Son,  Madison  Indiana,  twine,  sash  cord,  &c,  silver  medal. 
J.  M    Armstrong,  mens  and  boys  clothing,  silver  medal. 
Thomas  Williams  in  Co.,  agents  for  glass  globes,  honorable  mention. 
Vogt  &.  Klink,  for  home  made  jewelry,  silver  medal. 
J    J    Hirschbulil,  chronometer,  honorable   mention. 
Wm.  W  isehart,  Big  Spring,  Ky.j  for  saddle,  diploma 
D    O'Hare,  trunks,  silver  medal. 

Boston  Belting  Company,  for  gum  belting,  honorable  mention. 
J.  R    &  C  A.  Baker,  child's  cabs,  diploma. 
A.  McBride,  for  carpenters  tools,  silver  medal. 
David  Johnson,  for  stone  composite  cap,  diploma. 
A.  C.  llarig,  for  case  of  locks,  silver  medal. 
George  Brobston,  agent  patent  door  spring,  honorable  mention. 
Barbaroux,  Snowden  &  Co.,  iron  railing,  honorable  mentiou 

Wallace,  Lilhguw  &  Co.,  marbleized  mantles,  enameled  grates,  hollow  ware,  &c  ,  silver 
medal. 

David  Smith,  Portland,  for  horse  shoes,  diploma. 

John  Pearce,  for  boiler  and  flue,  silver  medal. 

Barbaroux,  Snowden  &  Co.,  wrohght  iron  (urging,  silver  medal. 

J    George  Dodge,  stock  bells,  silver  medal. 

Metcalfe  &  Bro  ,  lor  still,  cap,  and  worm,  silver  medal. 

Thomas  Williams  At  Co.,  finished  brass,  silver  medal. 

Barbaroux,  Snowden  &  Co.,  brass  castings,  silver  medal. 

Robert  Biggs,  second  best  display  ot  brass  castings  and  finished  brass,  silver  medal. 

T.  A.  Ken ,  patent  safety  whiffletree,  diploma. 

A.  O    Broad,  patent  cotton  bail  lie,  diploma. 

A.  O.  Broad,  mill-pick,  bronze  medal. 

T.  Ward,  lor  combination  plow,  diploma. 

Brinley  &  Davis,  Simpsonville,  Ky.,  lor  best  sod  plow,  diploma. 

B    F.  Avery,  for  good  and  cheap  Southern  plows,  s  Ivei   medal. 

Milier,  Wingate  &,  Co  ,  best  combined  reaper  and   mower,  silver  medal. 

Miller,  Wingate  &  Co  ,  horse  power  and   thresher,  diploma. 

Glover  &  Co.,  for  horizontal  steam  engine,  silver  medal. 

Barbaroux,  Snowden  ti.  Co  ,  inverted  vertical  engine,  silver  medal. 

H.  F.  Ward,  for  patent  governor,  silver  medal. 

E.  G.  Allen,  Boston,  Mass  ,  paient  steam  gagne,  silver  medal. 

Wood  &  De  Vaughan,  Washington,  D.  C  .  scroll  sawing  machine,  diploma. 

Richard  Dabb,  model  engines,  silver  medal. 

A.  F.  Ward,  design  lor  hemp  brake,  -honorable  mention. 

Dr.  Carpenter,  miniature  steam  engine,  diploma. 

Mr.  Francis,  life -boat,  bronze  medal. 

H.  W     Wilkes  &  Sou,  specimens  o(   Washburn's  iron  wire,  honorable  mention. 

Fitts  &  Wilsou,  display  of  dental  woik.  silver  medal. 

Wm.  Skene  &l  Co.,  lard  and  rosin  oil,  silver  medal. 

J.  S.  Minott,  specimens  of  scroll  saving,  silver  medal. 

Ben    F.  Cawthoru,  barrel  tlour,  silver  medal. 

Smith, Guthrie  &.  Co.,  agents  sparkling  catawaba,  siUer  medal. 

Thornton  &.  Hawkins,  mustard  and  ground  spices,  silver  medal. 

Wm.  Paddon,  specimen  ot  cooperage,  silver  medal. 

Mrs   J.  Howard,  oil  paintings,  premium. 

Dr.  Carpenter,  painting  in  water  colors,  premium. 

Mi.-s  Cochran,  oil  painting,  premium. 

Miss  Miram  Welch,  oil  painting,  premium. 

Miss  Kate  Daily,  drawing,  premium. 


432  REPORT  OF  THE 

Drawing  entered  by  J.  J.  Hunt,  premium. 

Diller  Thompson,  oil  paintings,  premium. 

H.  Hartman,  penmanship,  premium. 

Miss  Vigli'ui,  embroidery,  premium. 

Miss  Fuller,  wax  flowers,  premium. 

Miss  Kate  Dai! y,  leather  work,  premium. 

Miss  Kimball,  hair  work,  premium. 

C.  Wolf.ird,  portraits,  silver  medal. 

J.  G.  Kirker,  drawing  of  steam  fire  engines,  diploma. 

J.  C.  Elr/d,  Lexington,  Ky.,  colored  photographs,  silver  medal. 

Webster  &  Bro.,  mezzeotypes  and  spherotypes,  silver  medal. 

Edvin  S.  Bartlett,  New  York,  card  writing,  diploma. 

Hart,  Mapother  &  Co.,  lithographic  work,  silver  medal. 

Will.  A.  '  oles,  engraved  music  titles,  diploma. 

Geo.  Thomas,  general  engraving  and  stencil  plates,  silver  medal. 

H.  Miller  &  Co.,  variety  of  die  work,  brands  and  stencil  plates,  silver  medal. 

Duval  &,  Co.,  Philadelphia,  lithographic  engraving,  bronze  medal. 

Miss  Carrie  Coolidge,  Bardstown,  for  silk  quilt,  special  premium  of  $25. 

Mrs.  Frances  Vanmeter,  Meade  county,  for  best  cotton  quilt,  patchwork,  $15. 

Miss  M.  A.  Ghee'ns,  Louisville,  for  best  worsted  quilt,  $15. 

I.  S.  Moorehead  &  Co..  agents  for  life  preservers,  honorable  mention. 

Smith  &.  Holbrook,  smut  machine,  Childs'  patent,  diploma. 

Louisville  Glass  Works,  display  of  glassware,  diploma. 

Joseph  R.  Pickering,  specimens  of  circular  sawing,  bronze  medal. 

To  Dr.  Hulce,  for  geological  specimens,  an  honorable  mention.     Not  entered  in  season. 
Smith,  Russell  &  Co.,  for  soap  and  candles,  an  honorable  mention. 

P.  B  union,  lor  terra  cotta  work,  an  honorable  mention. 

Hayes,  Craig  &  Co.,  for  case  hats,  caps  and  furs,  an  honora.ble  mention. 

G.  S.Snead  &  Co.,  for  architectural  castings,  an  honorable  mention. 

To  Wright  &  Bridgeford,  for  display  of  stoves,  stove  furniture,  &c,  honorable  mention. 

Mcllvaiue,  for  cooking  range,  an  honorable  mention. 
J.  N.  Glover,  for  fine  display  of  stucco  work,  an  honorable  mention. 

Wm.  H.  Grainger,  for  engine  and  Hotchkiss  water-wheel  and  bevel  wheel  patterns,  an  hon 
orab'.e  mention. 

Hatchings  &  Co.;  of  the   Kentucky   Locomotive   Works,  for  specimens  of  water  pipe,  an 
honorable  mentian. 

Hegan  &  E^cott,  for  frames  and  landscape  paintings,  an  honorable  mention. 
Evarts  &  Murton,  lor  frames  and  mirror,  an  honorable  mention. 
C.  Duvall  &  Co.,  for  best  display  of  dry  goo'ds,  an  honorable  mention. 
J.  M.  Stokes  &  Son,  for  display  of  furniture,  an  honorable  mention. 
J   M.  Monohan,  for  display  of  furniture,  an  honorable  mention. 

Walton  &  Barrett,  for  display , of  china,  glassware  and  table  cutlery,  an  honorable  mention. 
Ca-seday  &  Hopkins,  for  china  and  glassware,  an  honorable  mention. 
P.  M.  Jones,  for  display  of  housekeeping  articles,  an  honorable  mention. 
Wm.  Kendrick,  for  fine  display  of  jewelry,  an  honorable  mention. 
Kitts  &  Co.,  for  a  fine  displav  of  jewelry,  an  honorable  mention. 
Mr.  A.  Fink,  for  iron  suspension  railroad  bridge,  an  honorable   mention. 
Col.  Long,  for  wood  suspension  railroad  bridge,  an  honorable  mention. 
Stone  &  Wells,  for  fine  display  of  buggies,  an  honorable  mention. 
Burr,  Haight.  and  Wheeler,  for  a  superior  carriage,  an  honorable  mention. 
Herbert  &  Wright,  for  portable  corn  mill,  an  honorable  mention. 
David  Nevin,  for  marble  work,  an  honorable  mention. 

Louisville  Paper  Mill  Company,  C.  I.  &  A.  V.  Dupont,  for  an  elegant  display  of  printing 
paper  of  different  colors,  an  honorable  mention. 

Also,  C.  I.  &  A.  V.  Dupont,  for  specimens  of  earth  and  stone  taken  at  different  depths  from 
1  to  1,100  feet,  and  for  a  correct  diagram  of  their  artesian  well,  an  honoraole  mention 
Thos   H.  Hunt  &  Co.,  for  bale  rope,  an  honorable  mention. 
John  W.  Clarke,  for  case  of  books  and  stationery,  an  honorable  mention. 
Jacob  Conrad,  for  specimens  of  glue,  an  honorable  mention. 
Sacksteder,  for  imitation  door  painting,  an  honorable  mention. 
Dr.  Frazee,  for  display  of  toilette  and  fancy  goods,  an  honorable  mention. 
Olges  &  Harig,  of  the  Kentucky  Chair  Factory,  for  fine  display  of  chairs,  an   honorable 
mention. 

Wm.  C.  Wood,  for  displav  of  paper  hangings,  an  honorable  mention. 

Caudry  &  Pearson,  for  metallic  casket  burial  cases,  an  honorable  mention. 

John  D'Urso,  for  specimens  ot  confectionery,  an  honorable  mention. 

Wilson,  Waters  &,  Co',  for  white  lead  and  linseed  oil,  an  honorable  mention. 

Alex.  Randall,  for  good  display  of  brand  cutting,  an  honorable  mention. 

Pitkin  &  Bro.,  for  variety  of  agricultural   tools  and  implements,  an  honorable  mention. 

Peter  &  Buchanan,  for  col.cctiou  ot  farm  implements,  an  honorable  mention. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  433 

ADDRESS  OF  MR.  GEO.  W.  MORRIS,  AT  THE  OPENING  OF  THE  LOUISVILLE 
MECHANICS'  INSTITUTE,  AUGUST  18,  1857. 

The  busv  hum  of  machinery,  the  sweet  tones  of  music ,  the  rich  display  of  the  useful  and 
ornamental  arts,  the  merry,  joyous  laugh,  the  winning  smile,  the  graceful  nod  of  recognition 
the  hearty  grasp  of  friendship,  the  meeting  together  of  old  friends,  and  new  formed  associates 
— in  short  everything  that  is  now  in  progress  within  these  walls,  serve  to  remind  us  of  the 
passing  away  of  another  year,  and  with  it  the  opening  of  the  fifth  annual  exhibition  of  the 
Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute. 

In  every  part  of  this  well  filled  hall,  are  to  be  found  unmistakable  evidences  of  the  exis- 
tence of  that  true  spirit  of  progress,  which  characterizes  the  age  in  which  we  live;  showintr 
that  the  hand  of  genius  has  not  been  idle  during  the  interim,  neither  has  it  labored  in  vain. 

In  forming  a  correct  opinion  of  the  character  and  ultimate  success  of  any  institution,  or 
particular  class  of  men  whose  claims  are  presented  to  the  favorable  consideration  of  society, 
it  is  necessary  that  it  be  ascertained  first,  whether  the  object  proposed  by  them  be  attainable, 
and,  secondly,  whether  if  attained  it  would  be  productive  of  beneficial  effects.  For,  however 
flattering  may  be  the  prospect  in  the  outset,  if  based  on  an  impracticable  foundation,  the  ut- 
most exertions  of  the  intellectual  faculties,  the  expenditure  of  wealth,  time,  and  labor,  in  its 
behalf,  will  prove  ineffectual,  and  result  only  in  disappointed  expectations.  The  history  of 
the  past  abounds  in  examples  confirming  the  truth  of  this  declaration. 

The  grand  object  of  the  alchemists  was  to  transmute  the  baser  metals  into  gold,  so  that  by 
the  timely  labor  of  some  happy  day,  when  the  stars  were  propitious,  they  might  realize  vast 
treasures  of  wealth  to  enable  them  to  live  in  splendor  and  affluence  during  the  remainder  of 
their  lives.  In  this  visionary  pursuit,  which  for  many  ages  engaged  the  attention  of  kin"-s, 
statesmen,  nobles  and  experimenters  of  various  kinds,  thousands  of  fortunes  were  irretrieva- 
bly wasted  and  Lhe  dupes  of  this  fallacious  science  were  kept  in  perpetual  anxiety  and  amus- 
ed with  vain  and  unfounded  expectations. 

The  study  of  the  heavens,  for  the  purpose  of  foretelling  events  in  the  future,  and  the  desti- 
nies of  men,  from  the  different  appearances  of  the  planets  and  the  signs  of  the  zodiac,  was 
another  scheme,  which,  for  centuries,  absorbed  the  attention  of  men  of  science,  as  well  as  that 
of  the  illiterate,  and  in  very  many  instances  no  public  affair  of  magnitude  was  undertaken 
without  first  consulting  the  stars.  Now  even  though  these,  together  with  many  other  schemes 
that  might  be  mentioned,  had  been  practicable,  which  experience  has  shown  they  are  not,  it 
would  be  no  difficult  task  to  prove  that  they  would,  when  fully  carried  out,  have  proved  de- 
structive to  the  best  interests  of  society.  What  then  is  the  object  of  this  organization?  The 
answer  to  the  inquiry  may  be  found  in  its  constitution,  which  declares  it  to  be  to  facilitate  the 
diffusion  of  useful  knowledge  and  to  promote  improvements  in  manufactures,  and  mechanic 
arts. 

Knowledge  is  valuable  in  proportion  to  its  being  practical  and  useful.  In  this  sense  it 
strengthens  and  expands  the  intellectual  faculties  and  directs  them  to  proper  objects.  It  ele- 
vates the  mind  in  the  scale  of  rational  existence,  by  enlarging  its  views  and  refining  its  pleas- 
ures. We  find  that  associations  of  artisans,  under  the  name  of  mechanic  institutes,  were  first 
organized  in  England  soon  after  the  commencement  of  the  present  century.  They  are  now  to 
be  lound  in  nearly  all  the  important  commercial  and  manufacturing  cities  of  Europe  and 
America.  Their  object,  and  the  advantages  to  be  derived  from  them,  are  becoming  more  and 
more  appreciated,  and  their  utility  is  felt  more  and  more  at  each  succeeding  year.  Is  it  asked 
what  have  they  accomplished?  I  answer,  they  have  been  the  means  of  disseminating  a  vast 
amount  of  useful  knowledge  among  thousands,  both  in  this  country  and  in  Europe,  who,  but 
for  them,  would  probably  have  remained  in  ignorance. 

They  have  served  to  concentrate  the  scatter  id  rays  of  genius  and  enabled  them  to  act  with 
renewed  vigor  and  energy  in  the  discovery  of  many  valuable  inventions.  Through  their  in- 
strumentality a  powerful  effect  has  been  produced  in  the  progress  of  science.  By  placing  val- 
uable libraries  at  the  disposal  of  the  mechanic,  together  with  a  vast  amount  of  useful  infor- 
mation imparted  through  the  medium  of  pjpular  lectures,  they  have  clothed  him  with    a  pow- 

28 


434  REPORT  OF  THE 

er,  and  enabled  him  while  handling  the  material  and  instruments  with  which  improvements 
and  experiments  may  be  made,  to  discover  the  path  which  has  led  to  some  valuable  improve- 
ments in  manufactures,  or  useful  invention  in  the  mechanic  arts. 

They  have  instilled  a  desire  for  intellectual  attainments  and  rational  enjoyment  in  the 
youthful  artisan,  by  employing  those  hours  of  leisure,  after  the  labors  of  the  day,  profitably, 
instead  of  spending  them  in  foolish  amusements  and  the  pursuit  of  dissipation. 

Such  is  a  brief  history  of  these  institutions,  and  it  clearly  shows  their  object  to  be  not  only 
attainable,  but  productive  of  beneficent  effects. 

Though  the  organization  of  these  associations  is  of  recent  date,  it  is  otherwise  with  the 
class  of  whom  they  are  composed,  for  it  will  be  found  that  they  belong  to  the  most  ancient 
and  historic  class  of  men. 

Very  soon  after  the  fiat  went  forth,  that  in  the  sweat  of  thy  face  shalt  thou  eat  bread,  there- 
by making  labor  honorable,  we  find  the  mechanic,  in  the  person  of  Enoch,  building  a  city,  and 
in  Tubal  Cain,  the  instructor  of  every  artificer  in  iron  and  brass. 

At  this  period  the  mechanic  arts  first  appeared,  their  object  being  to  satisfy  the  wants  of 
life  and  the  conveniences  of  the  social  state.  Tools  of  stone  preceded  those  of  metal.  Axes, 
plowshares,  mallets,  and  wedges  were  first  made  of  flint.  Copper  was  employed  for  the  same 
purposes  for  which  iron  is  now  used.  This  latter  article,  upon  which  so  many  arts  now  depend 
for  their  progress  and  perfection,  was  little  used  at  this  early  period. 

He  is  found  as  a  ship  builder  in  the  person  of  Noah,  constructing  a  mammoth  vessel  of  forty 
thousand  tons  burden,  larger  than  any  ship  of  modern  times,  and  with  it  he  was  able,  under 
Providence,  to  prevent  the  extinction  of  the  race. 

As  a  manufacturer,  we  find  him  digging  for  the  hidden  treasure  and  converting  it  into  coin, 
to  be  used  as  a  circulating  medium,  as  early  as  the  days  of  Abraham,  for  we  read  that  this 
patriarch  paid  four  hundred  shekels  of  silver  for  the  field  of  M  icphela. 

In  Canaan  they  distinguished  themselves,  and  among  the  Phcetiicians  we  find  them  largely 
engaged  in  manufa.ctures  and  the  mechanic  arts.  It  was  here  that  ships  were  fitted  out  to 
carry  on  the  first  commerce  of  the  world,  and  the  art  of  alphabetical  writing  invented. 

After  this,  we  find  them  furnishing  ships  to  Tyre,  which  are  made  to  pass  the  Pillars  of 
Hercules,  reach  Britain,  and  procure  tin  from  the  mines  at  Cornwall.  They  are  next  found 
among  the  Arabs,  and  while  here  they  introduce  themselves  to  the  Greeks  by  sending  them 
various  specimens  of  manufactured  articles  and  of  mechanical  skill.  In  Greece  was  inveuted 
that  system  of  architecture  which  has  ever  been  regarded  as  nearest  perfection.  Their  tem- 
ples, formed  of  the  finest  material,  exhibited  to  the  admiring  gaze  of  the  beholder  a  peifection 
of  three  orders  of  architecture — the  Doric,  distinguished  for  its  massive  grandeur  and  plain- 
ness; the  Ionic,  for  its  grace  and  beauty,  and  the  Corinthian,  for  a  combination  of  all  the  ex 
cellences  of  the  other  two.  These  temples  have  never  been  equalled,  not  to  say  excelled,  for 
combined  grandeur  and  durability;  and  they  may  justly  be  regarded  as  among  not  only  the  tri- 
umphs, but  the  wonders  of  human  art.  Though  now  in  ruins,  they  are  objects  not  only  of  ad- 
miration, but  of  imitation,  to  the  most  refined  nations  of  the  present  age.  Without  hoping  to 
excel,  the  architect  of  this  day  regards  himself  as  extremely  fortunate  when  he  has  succeeded 
in  copying  their  intrinsic  excellencies. 

Here,  too,  they  exhibited  the  same  powers  of  invention  in  sculpture  and  painting,  for  in 
these  their  fame  was  world  wide. 

But  it  is  not  to  Greece  aloiie  that  we  must  look  for  the  most  beautiful  and  wonderful  of  me- 
chanical achievements.  We  must  go  further  back  than  the  history  of  Greece  or  Rome  ex- 
tends. In  the  dim  distant  past,  near  the  origin  of  the  race,  there  is  a  land  that  even  now, 
through  the  long  line  of  intervening  ages,  beaFs  the  impress  of  his  skillful  hands.  It  is  to 
Egypt,  the  mother  of  nations,  that  we  must  look  for  the  highest  attainments  in  ancient  me- 
chanical philosophy.  Here  was  invented  that  great  instrument  of  improvement — letters.  Here 
science  had  its  birth  and  its  earliest  development.  Here  the  aits  were  nursed  and  encouraged, 
and  long  afterwards  they  passed  into  Greece,  and  have  been  handed  down  to  us,  bearing  the 
e  ignet  of  a  master-hand  that  adorned  whatever  it  touched.    Egypt,  Thebes,  the  Pyramids — who 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  435 

6hall  explain  the  mysteries  that  cluster  around  these  names  !  Look  at  the  Pyramids  !  those 
stupendous  works  which  seem  to  rival  in  magnitude  even  the  operations  of  nature.  "Who 
can  inform  us  whether  it  was  by  mere  numbers,  patience,  and  labor,  aided  perchance  by  the 
simple  lever,  or,  if  not,  by  what  forgotten  combination  of  powers,  by  what  now  unknown  ma- 
chines, mass  was  thus  aggregated  to  mass,  and  quarry  piled  on  quarry,  till  solid  granite  seem- 
ed to  cover  the  earth  and  reach  the  skies!"  All  that  we  know  of  their  history  is  that  they 
were  placed  there  by  those  primitive  artisans,  where  they  have  stood  in  mute  and  proud  defi- 
ance of  the  hostile  elements,  while  forty  centuries  have  rolled  around  their  bases. 

While  viewing  these  stupendous  monuments  of  ancient  skill,  some  of  which  exist  in  our 
day  to  mark  the  deeds  of  the  past,  we  are  filled  with  wonder  and  admiration,  and  are  at  a  loss 
to  know  how  to  account  for  the  slow  progress  they  made  in  the  useful  arts.  The  only  satis- 
factory reason  we  can  assign  is  found  in  the  fact  that  these  pursuits  were  entrusted,  for  the 
most  part,  to  menials  and  slaves,  while  the  freemen  bestowed  their  attention  on  war  and  poli- 
tics. Hence  it  was  that  those  nations  that  were  farthest  advanced  in  civilization  were  without 
a  thousand  conveniences  which  are  indispensable  to  modern  civilization.  They  were  without 
saw  mills  to  cheapen  the  materials  for  building,  had  no  knowledge  of  glass  windows,  were 
without  stoves  and  coal,  without  chimneys,  and  were  obliged  to  keep  their  shutters  and  doors 
open  to  allow  the  smoke  to  escape  from  their  apartments. 

Agriculture  and  commerce  are  dependent  upon  mechanical  science  for  every  step  of  their 
progress  in  the  onward  march  of  civilization.  The  former  can  take  but  a  single  step  without 
its  aid,  for  were  man  left  to  work  with  his  hands  alone  in  the  cultivation  of  the  soil,  but  lit- 
tle would  be  added  to  the  spontaneous  productions  of  nature.  And  with  the  exception  of  a 
few  islands  in  the  torrid  zone,  agriculture  has  never  flourished  in  any  country  in  which  the 
pursuit  of  the  mechanic  arts  was  neglected. 

As  soon,  however,  as  the  pioneer  acquires  a  sufficient  amount  of  knowledge  of  them  to  en- 
able him  to  constiuct  tools  that  are  adapted  to  the  cultivation  of  the  soil,  he  is  able  to  con- 
vert the  products  of  the  earth  into  the  means  of  support  and  the  staples  of  commerce. 

In  the  early  period  of  our  history,  the  instruments  ot  agriculture  were  of  a  very  rude  and 
simple  kind.  Sharp  sticks  were  first  used  Afterward,  the  spade  and  shovel  were  invented; 
and  the^e  were  succeeded  by  an  instrument  termed  a  plow,  but  which  was  nothing  more  than 
the  stout  limb  of  a  tree,  which  projected  over  another  one  made  short  and  pointed.  Striking, 
indeed,  would  be  the  contrast  between  this  specimen  of  a  plow  and  the  magnificent  ones  on 
exhibition  here. 

From  the  period  that  the  numerous  hordes  of  barbarians  from  the  North  overran  the  princi- 
pal seat  of  ancient  learning,  annihilating  nearly  every  monument  of  science  and  art,  until 
the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century,  little  or  no  progress  mas  made.  Scienee  was  not  only 
abandoned,  but  the  knowledge  and  improvements  of  preceding  ages  were  in  danger  of  being 
entirely  effaced. 

But  the  darkness  of  a  thousand  years  was  dispelled  by  the  sunrise  of  cultivation,  at  or  near 
the  very  period  that  three  of  the  most  important  inventions  in  the  world's  history  took  place. 
The  first  of  these,  gunpowder,  was  invented  about  the  year  thirteen  hundred,  but  not  used, 
save  in  a  very  limited   sense,  before  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

The  effect  of  this  invention,  with  the  aid  of  those  instruments  of  modern  warfare,  placed  in 
the  hands  of  man  by  the  mechanic,  has  been  to  change  the  whole  art  of  war,  to  subject  it  to 
the  rigid  rules  of  science  and  intellectual  combinations,  instead  of  a  conflict  of  mere  animal 
strength  and  courage.  "It  has  sunk  the  hero  of  muscular  strength  into  insignificance,  and 
placed  in  the  ascendant  him  who  combines  intellect  with  skill,  and,  while  doing  this,  it  has,  at 
the  same  lime,  rendered  wars  less  bloody  and  softened  the  harsh  and  revolting  aspect  of  the 
battle  field." 

Next  in  order  was  the  invention  of  printing,  which  has  been  styled  the  crowning  art  of  mod- 
ern limes.  Previous  to  it  all  books  were  written  with  a  pen.  It  required  four  years  of  hard 
labor  to  produce  a  single  copy  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  and  when  completed  so  great  was  the 
expense  of  a  copy  that  only  the  few   were  able   to   possess   it.     In   the   production  of  books 


436  REPORT  OF  THE 

alone,  it  i3  estimated  that  Guttenburg's  invention  has  increased  the  power  of  man  five  thous- 
and fold.  It  now  serves  not  only  to  record  every  passing  event,  every  useful  invention,  every 
discovery  in  art  and  science,  but  it  has  written  down  and  multiplied  in  a  thousand  forms  all 
that  is  left  of  the  past  history  of  mankind.  With  truth  it  has  been  said  that  all  human  knowl- 
edge may  be  placed  on  record,  and  scattered  in  every  quarter  of  the  globe,  and  rendered  in- 
destructible bi7  any  event  less  extensive  than  the  devastation  of  the  entire  surface  of  the 
earth.  Nor  is  this  all.  But,  through  the  instrumentality  of  this  invention,  knowledge,  with  its 
illuminating  power,  is  being  diffused  among  all  classes  of  men,  and  is  everywhere  shedding 
its  brilliant  rays  upon  the  darkened  minds  of  the  mass,  bursting  open  the  doors  of  prisons, 
sundering  the  fetters  of  tyranny,  spreading  abroad  the  equalizing  power  of  Christianity,  and 
teaching  Kings  and  Rulers  to  look  upon  their  subjects  as  their  fellow  men,  with  rights  as  sa- 
cred as  their  own. 

And  as  the  patient  workman  sets  those  mysterious  little  types,  devised  by  the  ingenuity  of 
man,  he  discovers  thera  blazing  with  genius  and  radiant  with  intellect  and  poetry  that  make  a 
current  in  the  wide  sea  of  human  thought,  like  that  great  stream  that  has  flowed  since  the 
creation  from  the  Mexican  Gulf  to  Labrador,  that  utter  tones  of  passion  and  pathos  to  ring 
in  the  world's  ear  forever — rolling  down  from  age  to  age  like  the  fabled  music  of  the 
spheres. 

The  invention  of  the  Mariner's  Compass,  by  which  the  magnetic  needle,  through  a  simple 
process,  is  made  to  point  invariably  to  the  polar  star  in  the  mysterious  chambers  of  the  North, 
has  enabled  man  to  perform  the  great  conquest  over  the  boundless  ocean,  which  to  the  barba- 
rian had  ever  been  regarded  an  object  of  fearful  alarm;  to  the  ancients  a  profound  and  un- 
fathomable mystery,  since  they  were  unable  to  tell  us  whither'tended  its  world  of  waters;  and 
to  all  men  an  object  of  awe.  But  no  sooner  had  this  great  invention  been  perfected  than  a 
spirit  of  enterprise  and  adventure  was  aroused  which  has  resulted  in  an  extraordinary  and  last- 
ing change  in  human  affairs. 

The  vast  number  of  useful  inventions,  the  rapid  growth  and  daily  improvement  of  the  ma- 
chine shop,  form  a  curious,  most  interesting,  and  instructive  chapter  in  modern  history. 

Arkwright's  admirable  invention  of  the  Spinning  Jenny,  by  which  a  pound  of  the  finest  cot 
ton  is  now  spun  by  machinery  into  a  yarn  extending  one  hundred  and  twenty  miles,  has  of  itself 
increased  the  power  of  man  more  than  a  hundred  fold,  and  has  nearly  rendered  obsolete  our 
old  fashioned  domestic  spinning.  Numerous  are  the  instances  on  record,  of  which  it  may  be 
as  truly  said  as  of  Sir  Robert  Peel,  that  this  invention  wove  the  web  of  their  fortunes. 

With  regard  to  the  invention  of  that  wonderful  piece  of  mechanism,  the  Steam  Engine,  a 
story  has  been  told  that  an  idle  boy,  being  employed  to  stop  and  open  a  valve,  saw  that  he 
could  save  himself  the  trouble  of  attending  and  watching  it,  by  fixing  a  plug  upon  a  part  of 
the  machine,  which  came  to  the  place  at  the  proper  time  in  consequence  of  its  general  move, 
ment.  Whether  or  not  this  story  has  any  foundation  in  truth,  certain  it  is  that  its  history  pre- 
sents to  our  view  a  series  of  wonderful  contrivances,  which,  for  decided  ingenuity  and  perfect 
simplicity,  stand  without  a  parallel  on  the  pages  of  mechanical  science,  and  show  that  the 
invention  and  its  subsequent  improvements  have  been  the  result  of  the  most  elaborate  and 
thorough  investigations  of  scientific  truth.  It  has  penetrated  the  earth  and  drawn  from  its 
bosom  boundless  treasures  of  mineral  wealth,  which,  without  its  aid,  would  nothave  been  ac. 
cessable.  It  has  drawn  up  in  measureless  quantities  the  fuel  on  which  its  own  life  and  so 
many  of  the  comforts  of  society  depend.  It  has  reduced  labor  in  a  great  degree  to  light  and 
easy  superintendence.  It  has  increased  the  sum  of  human  happiness  by  cheapening  former 
enjoyments  so  as  to  render  them  attainable  by  those  who  previously  could  never  have  hoped 
to  share  them.  The  surface  of  the  earth  and  the  face  of  the  vast  deep  are  travelled  with  equal 
facility  by  its  power.  The  Press,  to  which  mankind  owes  in  so  large  a  degree  the  rapidity  of 
their  improvement  in  these  latter  days,  has  had  its  power  and  influence  greatly  augmented  by 
its  union  with  it.  To  form  a  correct  idea  of  the  extent  to  which  these  inventions  are  now  ap- 
plied, we  may  state  that,  in  Great  Britain  alone,  the  power  of  machinery  in  mills  is  computed 
to  be  equal  to  600,000,000  of  men.    To  show  the  power  of  mechanic  arts,  take  for  example  that 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  437 

simple  instrument  the  axe;  with  it  one  man  can  do  more  in  the  same  time  than  a  thousand  men 
can  accomplish  without  it,  or  some  tool  equivalent  to  it. 

By  way  of  estimating  the  commercial  value  of  mechanical  skill  and  labor,  take  iron  ore  in 
its  crude  and  apparently  worthless  state.  By  the  simple  process  of  smelting,  its  value  is  a' 
once  increased;  roll  it  out  into  bars,  and  you  have  an  increased  value  still.  Take  one  of  these 
bars  of  the  value  of  five  dollars,  work  it  up  into  horse  shoes,  and  you  have  increased  its  value 
more  than  a  hundred  per  cent. ;  into  needles,  and  it  is  worth  three  hundred  and  twenty  five 
dollars;  into  penknife  blades,  twelve  hundred  and  eighty-five  dollars;  shirt  buttons,  twenty-nine 
thousand  four  hundred  and  eighty  dollars;  and  when  manufactured  into  balance  springs  of 
watches,  this  bar  of  iron,  valued  first  at  five  dollars,  is  worth  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars.  It  is  said  that  thirty-one  pounds  of  iron  have  been  manufactured  into  wire  one  hun- 
dred and  eleven  miles  in  length,  and  so  fine  was  the  fabric  that  a  part  of  it  was  converted  into 
a  barrister's  wig. 

The  estimate  too  often  made  as  to  the  standard  of  intelligence  of  the  class  we  have  referred 
to  falls  far  below  the  reality.  While  none  perhaps  will  deny  this  bone  and  sinew  class  a  good 
share  of  practical  sense,  yet  very  many  there  are  of  opinion  that  intelligence  and  refinement 
arc  comparative  strangers  to  them.  Experience  and  observation,  however,  will  correct  this 
error. 

Among  them  are  to  be  found  some  of  the  brightest  intellects,  men  of  humble  pretensions, 
as  all  men  of  true  genius  and  practical  knowledge  are;  men  who  are  versed  in  science  and 
literature,  men  whose  power  of  appreciating  the  beautiful  and  sublime  is  in  no  wise  diminish- 
ed, because,  forsooth,  their  hands  are  calloused  by  honest  toil;  men  who  know  that  every  in- 
dustrial pursuit  that  is  honest  and  promotes  the  well  being  of  society  is  alike  respectable,  hon- 
orable, and  dignified. 

Of  the  great  discoveries  in  science  and  the  useful  inventions  in  art,  in  this  most  wonderful 
age  of  inventions,  the  great  majority  of  them  can  be  traced  directly  to  the  class  to  whom  this 
exception  of  a  high  order  of  intelligence  is  made. 

In  this  free  and  enlightened  country,  where  the  avenues  to  knowledge  are  open  to  all,  where 
a  sense  of  equality  is  inherent  in  every  bosom,  and  where  ambition  to  excel  in  intellectual  at- 
tainments is  far  more  likely  to  be  depressed  by  affluence  than  dampened  by  labor,  what  can  be 
more  ridiculous  than  to  suppose  that  learning  and  refinement  are  inimical  to  any  condition  of 
honest  labor.  The  bare  supposition  would  be  a  gross  libel  on  the  character  of  the  vital  life  of 
our  population.  When  a  new  fact  or  principle  is  discovered  by  the  patient  and  industrious  ar- 
tisan, it  is  not  claimed  that  in  the  majority  of  instances  it  arises  from  his  being  possessed  of  an 
extraordinary  amount  of  intelligence,  superior  to  the  ordinary  endowment  of  humanity,  but  be- 
cause, being  placed  under  different  circumstances,  his  attention  is  directed  to  objects  that  ena- 
ble him  to  perceive  relations  and  combinations  which  have  not  been  observed  by  others.  To 
such  an  one  the  term  genius  may  be  properly  applied,  for  genius  consists  in  a  concentration  of 
the  rays  of  intellect  upon  any  particular  object,  and  arise  from  a  lively  interest  felt  for  that  ob- 
ject, and  the  patient  thought  bestowed  on  it. 

Sir  Isaac  Newton,  on  being  asked  how  he  had  discovered  the  true  system  of  the  universe, 
replied,  "by  continually  thinking  upon  it;"  and  declared  that  if  he  had  done  the  world  any 
service,  it  was  due  to  industry  and  patient  thought;  that  he  kept  the  subject  under  considera- 
tion constantly  before  him,  and  waited  till  the  first  dawning  opened  gradually  by  little  and  lit- 
tle, into  a  full  clear  light.  That  is  genius.  The  names  of  Whitney,  McCormick,  Morse,  and 
a  host  of  others  that  might  be  named,  constitute  a  roll  of  men  of  the  first  genius,  born  of  the 
humbler  laboring  ranks.  The  printer,  Franklin,  the  shoemaker;  Sherman,  the  painter,  Morse, 
and  the  blacksmith,  Burritt,  are  bright  examples  which  the  mechanic  can  hold  up  to  the  gaze 
of  an  admiring  world,  and  proudly  ask  who  has  transcended  them  in  triumph,  as  men  of  sense) 
science,  and  diversified  learning. 

With  such  examples  as  these  before  him,  the  youthful  artisan  need  never  be  ashamed  of  his 
profession  nor  envy  those  who  fancy  themselves  higher  up  in  the  scale  of  being  than  he,  and 
who  exult  in  their  entire  ignorance  of  every  industrial  pursuit.     Let  him  but  love  his  occupa- 


4  J  8  REPORT  OF  THE 

tion,  and  resolve  to  improve  the  moments  as  they  pass,  in  striving  to  excel  in  his  art;  let  him 
but  drink  Jeep  of  the  fountain  of  knowledge,  and  the  day  may  come  when  his  name  shall  be 
written  high  up  on  the  temple  of  fame,  and  he  shall  leave  a  favorable  impression  on  the  page 
of  history  that  shall  never  be  obliterated: 

"Lives  of  great  men  all  remind  us, 

We  can  make  our  lives  sublime; 
Ana  departing,  leave  behind  us 

Footprints  in  the  sands  of  time." 

In  this  highly  favored  land  there  is  everything  to  encourage  and  reward  industry  and  me- 
chanical ingenuity.  It  is  to  these  that  we,  as  a  nation,  are  chiefly  indebted  for  the  great  ad- 
vancement we  have  made.  They  have  rendered  incalculable  service  iu  the  cultivation  of  the 
soil  and  in  harvesting  its  rich  products.  Upon  its  barren  rocks  and  sandy  soils,  they  have 
erected  factories  and  maehineshops;  and,  if  water  fail,  never  failing  steam  supplies  its  place, 
in  turning  the  machinery.  On  its  rock  bound  coasts  are  indentations;  these  have  been  con- 
verted into  commercial  marts  and  ship  yards.  They  have  turned  its  sands  into  shining  gold, 
its  solid  granite  into  palaces,  and  its  rocks  into  precious  stones  or  metals. 

During  the  past  year,  the  number  of  useful  inventions  and  improvements  pitented  in  this 
country  is  over  five  thousand,  showing  an  excess  over  England  of  more  than  seventeen  hun- 
dred, and  is  more,  than  double  that  of  France. 

The  American  artizans  build  twice  as  many  vessels  as  any  other  nation  on  the  earth,  and 
their  sails  to-day  whiten  the  world  surrounding  ocean.  They  have  built  and  furnished  five 
thousand  miles  of  canal,  and  nearly  thirty  thousand  miles  of  railroads,  some  of  which  follow 
hard  upon  the  trail  of  the  Indian. 

Nor  is  his  reputation  confined  to  his  own  country,  but  the  old  world  has  been  forced  to  ac" 
acknowledge  his  superiority.  Both  Germany  and  England  are  imitating  his  cutlery,  even  to 
the  trade- marks  and  names  of  the  manufacturers. 

From  Mexico  they  send  for  him  to  build  their  railroads  and  cut  through  their  mountains. 
In  Lima,  he  is  projecting  turnpikes,  and  instructing  the  people  as  to  the  best  mode  of  over- 
coming impossibilities.  He  is  showing  the  natives  of  Brazil  how  to  manufacture  cotton, 
without  taking  it  all  the  way  to  Manchester.  In  La  Plata,  he  is  erecting  an  American  wharf- 
The  government  of  Australia  has  employed  him  to  build  a  thousand  miles  of  telegraph;  and 
the  Czar  of  Russia  has  engaged  him  to  raise  the  sunken  fleet  at  Sebastopol.  And  in  our  own 
country,  as  "westward  the  star  of  empire  takes  its  way,"  new  fields  of  enterprise,  reaching  far 
beyond  the  present  boundaries  of  our  vast  domain,  will  be  taken  possession  of  by  this  bold 
Saxon  adventurer.  Proverbial  fur  industry,  and  armed  with  the  implements  which  mechanical 
skill  has  placed  at  his  disposal,  the  wilderness  will  be  transformed  into  fruitful  fields,  under 
the  operation  of  the  axe  and  plow,  the  shovel  and  the  hoe.  Countries  that  are  now  uncivil- 
ized, misgoverned,  and  continually  exposed  to  revolutions,  which  render  life  and  property  inse- 
cure within  their  limits,  must  submit  to  the  inevitable  law  of  change,  "and  all  that  statesmen 
and  philanthropists  can  do,  reaches  only  to  the  time  and  the  manners."  But  this  change  can- 
not be  effected  by  an  army  of  ruthless  pirates,  whose  highest  aim  i3  plunder,  devastation  and 
self-aggrandizement,  and  whose  proceedings  are  calculated  to  retard  rather  than  advance  that 
civilization,  which  their  apologists  pretend  they  are  striving  to  promote. 

It  has  been  truly  said,  that  we  live  in  an  extraordinary  age,  so  much  so  indeed  that  the 
world  has  seen  nothing  like  it  before.  An  age  in  which  science  has  extended  its  research  into 
the  heavens  above,  the  earth  on  which  we  dwell,  and  among  the  hidden  mysteries  beneath  its 
surface.  An  age  remarkable  for  the  application  of  this  research  to  the  daily  avocations  of 
life.  The  ancients  never  dreamed  of,  much  less  saw,  anything  like  it;  nor  have  the  moderns 
seen  anything  like  it  till  the  present  generation. 

Shakspeare  made  bis  fairy  say,  he  would 

"Put  a  girdle  round  about  the  earth 
In  forty  minutes." 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  439 

It  was,  however,  reserved  for  Prof.  Morse  to  outstrip  this  fairy.  His  girdle,  charged  with 
the  celestial  messenger,  can  accomplish  it  in  much  less  time.  Had  a  dispatch  been  sent  from 
New  Yoik  by  telegraph  to  this  city  at  precisely  twelve  o'clock  to  day,  it  would  have  reached 
here  about  thirty  minutes  before  twelve.  That  is  what  may  be  properly  termed  doing  a  thing 
"in  a  little  less  than  no  time." 

The  stupendous  undertaking,  now  near  its  completion,  connecting  the  old  world  with  the 
new,  by  means  of  this  girdle,  will  completely  annihilate  both  time  and  space  between  them, 
and  produce  a  wonderful  effect  in  the  commercial  world.  The  London  Exchange  clones  its 
daily  session  at  three  o'clock,  and,  as  the  difference  of  time  between  that  city  and  the  Me- 
tropolis of  this  countrv  is  about  five  hours,  all  the  important  business  transaction  of  the 
former  may  be  made  known  and  published  in  the  papers  of  the  latter  the  very  day  on  which 
they  transpire.  The  city  of  New  York  will  then  be  in  direct  connection  with  thirty  thousand 
miles  of  telegraph  lines  in  Europe  and  forty-three  thousand  in  the  United  States. 

But  great  and  wonderful  as  have  been  the  improvements  of  the  present  generation,  we  have 
by  no  means  reached  the  goal,  since  no  possible  limits  can  be  assigned  to  the  powers  of  ge- 
nius, to  scientific  research,  or  the  improvement  of  machinery.  Future  Awkwrights,  machacic 
Watts,  Morses,  will  doubtless  arise  and  perform  future  miracles  of  power,  that  will  as  far 
excel  the  brilliant  inventions  of  the  present  age.  as  these  go  beyond  all  that  was  known  to  the 
ancient  world. 

Ait  and  science,  so  far  from  being  stationary,  are  in  themselves  progressive;  they  are 
moving  powers,  animated  principles,  instinct  with  life.  Nothing  can  arrest  them  which  would 
not  plunge  the  entire  order  of  society  into  barbarism.  There  is  no  end  to  truth,  no  bounds  to 
discovery  and  application.  "And  a  man  might  as  well  think  of  building  a  tower  from  the  top 
of  which  he  could  grasp  Sirius  in  his  hand,  as  to  stay  the  progress  of  useful  invention." 

The  organization  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute  formed  a  new  era  in  the  history  of 
our  city,  and  the  success  which  has  thus  far  attended'it,  lias  exceeded  the  most  sanguine  hope3 
of  its  friends.  With  characteristic  liberality  its  doors  have  been  thrown  wide  open,  and  the 
mechanics  and  manufacturers  of  the  whole  country  cordially  invited  to  contribute  to  its  exhi- 
bitions, and  become  competitors  for  its  premiums.  Thus,  the  mechanic  arts  have  been  pro- 
moted, domestic  manufactures  have  been  encouraged,  and  a  powerful  influence  has  been  pro 
duced  upon  mechanical  industry.  And  there  is  everything  around  us  to  incite  the  friends  of 
this  enterprise  to  renewed  energy  in  its  behalf. 

Situated  in  this  great  valley,  which  abounds  in  all  the  required  resources,  in  the  shape  of 
raw  material,  cheap  food,  facilities  for  transportation,  and  home  demand,  we  are,  in  point  of 
locality,  unsurpassed  by  any  place  on  earth.  Let  me  say  to  you,  then,  go  on  in  the  cause  you 
have  so  nobly  begun.  Let  our  united  efforts  be  put  forth  in  advancing  the  triumphant  car  of 
human  progress;  then  shall  we  hasten  the  day  when  the  traveller  who  passes  down  that  noble 
stream  which  bathes  our  shores,  shall  hear  it  continually  murmur  beneath  the  burden  of  ita 
commerce.  "And  at  night  he  will  be  lighted  on  his  way  by  the  answering  fires  from  thou- 
sands of  furnaces,  so  that  the  ineffectual  moon  shall  pale  before  the  glow  of  human  industry." 
Nearing  the  Falls,  on  its  southern  bank,  he  will  behold  a  vast  city  extending  the  entire  length 
and  breadth  of  the  broad  plain  teeming  with  industry  and  abounding  in  wealth  In  its  midst 
he  will  see  an  institution  that  has,  in  a  very  large  degree,  contributed  to  these  great  and  bene- 
ficial results.  While  gazing  with  admiration  upon  it,  he  will  employ  the  language  of  your 
motto,  and  with  truth  triumphantly  exclaim,  "Excelsior." 


44U  REPORT  OF  THE 

CHARLES  DOBYNS  KIRK'S  VALEDICTORY  ADDRESS. 

A  scene  like  this,  of  which  we  have  been  witnesses  to-night — of  which  none  of  us  hare 
been  passive,  but  all  interested  spectators  day  after  day  and  night  after  uight,  for  more  than 
one  of  the  twelve  monthly  cycles  through  which  the  year  passes — is  calculated  to  stir  our  in- 
nermost feelings,  and  to  awaken  whatever  of  city  and  State  pride  may  be  in  our  natures.  But, 
when  surveying  this  magnificent  hall,  with  its  decorations — evergreen,  as  we  trust  the  exist- 
ence of  this  Institute  may  be — with  its  myriad  lights,  lustrous  as  is  the  fame  of  Louisville — 
with  its  graceful  and  substantial  works  of  art  and  mechanism,  beautiful  to  win  the  eye  and 
strong  to  endure  the  claims  of  labor  as  the  products  of  our  artesans  ever  are — with  its  throngs 
of  half  angelic  loveliness  wearing  the  perennial  bloom  of  beauty  upon  their  cheeks,  and  the 
ney.er  faltering  step  of  grace  in  their  movements,  there  comes  a  thought  which  fills  the  brain 
with  a  flood  of  memories,  and  thrills  the  heart  with  more  than  the  symphonies  of  music,  and 
elevates  the  mind  with  sentiments  of  an  ennobling  character,  one  chief,  one  leading,  one  ab- 
sorbing and  triumphing  thought.  It  is  a  thought  to  rally  us  in  the  present  hour  of  rejoicing — 
a  thought  that  links  us  with  the  past — that  suggests  lessons  of  the  deepest  import — lessons  fit 
to  be  engraven  in  letters  of  light,  so  that  they  may  blaze  upon  our  State  with  half  shameful, 
half  cheerful  rays.  The  thought  of  what  Kentucky  might  have  been,  of  what  she  is,  of  what 
Kentucky  shall  be,  through  the  united,  energetic  efforts  of  you,  gentlemen  of  the  Mechanics' 
Institute,  and  your  intelligent  coworkers  in  the  great  cause  of  human  progress. 

This  is  an  exhibition  of  the  mechanical,  manufacturing,  and  artistic  interests  of  Kentucky. 
It  is  not,  sorrowfully  be  it  said,  a  complete  expose  of  our  industrial  resources,  but  it  must  be 
regarded  as  a  test  of  our  abilities,  as  an  index  of  our  willingness  to  contribute  to  the  vast  fund 
of  wealth  which  the  Union  possesses  in  its  workshops.  Is  it  worthy  of  Kentucky?  of  her  his- 
tory, the  most  brilliant,  in  many  respects,  of  any  of  her  confederated  sisters — of  her  unlimited 
powers  to  produce  and  create  whatever  the  earth  yields  and  man  has  the  capacity  to  mould  and 
fashion?  Think  of  a  Commonwealth  for  sixty  five  years  playing  a  most  prominent  part  in  tha 
Government  of  the  Republic — for  twenty  years  previous  to  her  admission  into  the  Union,  the 
home  of  thousands  of  gallant,  daring,  industrious,  skillful  men — possessing  within  her  own 
borders  every  element  of  wealth  necessary  for  the  creation  of  an  empire — whose  men  are  the 
synonymes  of  bravery,  whose  women  are  the  paragons  of  their  sex — whose  soil  is  inexhausti- 
ble in  its  fertility — whose  deep,  pellucid  rivers  penetrate  almost  every  county — whose  beds  of 
coal  and  fields  of  iron,  lie  hi  1  in  their  primeval  obscurity  in  all  of  her  ranges  of  mountains, 
and  whose  harvests  are  now  flinging  oui  their  golden  banners,  to  be  kissed  by  the  bright  au- 
tnmnal  sun  of  noonday,  and  moistened  by  the  tears  of  nightfall — harvests  rich  as  ever  cheered 
a  farmer's  heart — plenteous  as  Providence  need  ever  vouchsafe  to  toiling  man. 

All  tuis  is  said  with  no  desire  to  reflect  upon  the  efforts  of  Louisville  mechanics,  in  this  ex- 
hibition, for  they  have  been  most  noble.  But  I  say  it  with  shame  for  my  State,  that  one  of 
her  years,  of  her  wealth,  of  her  resources,  of  her  unquestionable  abilities  to  produce,  and  to 
manufacture,  is  so  miserable  a  laggard  in  the  march  of  improvement.  It  seems  as  if  while 
the  sun  shines  most  genially,  our  population  is  content  to  shelter  itself  beneath  the  shade  of 
our  lovely  forests,  and  watch  with  listless  eyes  the  car  of  progress  march  onward  in  its  mighty 
and  triumphant  course.  Ah!  this  is  a  pitiable  sight.  Scarcely  worse  and  more  depressing  is 
the  picture  of  those  ancient  and  once  honored  republics  enervated  by  luxury,  sunk  in  slothful 
ness,  and  shrinking  aghast  with  timidity;  all  their  former  glory,  bravery,  and  enterprise  de- 
parted, while  hordes  of  brawuy,  muscular  men,  devastate  their  cities,  desecrate  their  temples 
of  religion,  and  defile  all  that  art  has  consecrated  and  taste  beautified. 

But  can  no  apology  be  offered  for  the  snail's  pace  at  which  Kentucky  has  advanced?  Has 
her  career  been  marked  by  no  palliating  circumstances?  Can  we  present  nothing  in  mitiga- 
tion of  the  supineness  which  for  so  many  years  has  drowned  the  energies  and  pilsied  the  hand3 
of  our  people? 

The  case  is  one  of  a  remarkable  character;  but  it  admits  of  explanation. 

And  this  leads  us  to  a  consideration  of  the  immediate  topic  of  remark,  which  it  is  thought, 
would  be  especially  apposite  to  the  occasion,  the  past  and  future  of  mechanism  in  Kentucky. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  441 

Sixty  years  ago  Kentucky  was  the  most  attractive  and  promising  section  of  the  Republic. 
Tne  unparalelled  energies  of  her  pioueers  had  secured  the  State  from  any  further  Indian  ex- 
cursions. Day  by  dav  the  sunlight  of  civilization  came  breakiug  with  its  golden  beams  through 
the  interlacing  canebreaks  and  tangled  forests, — everywhere  upon  shaded  knolls  sprang  the 
cabin  of  the  farmer  into  existence; — the  click-clack  of  the  mill  was  heard  by  every  stream;  — 
from  green  groves,  God's  first  temples,  ascended  voices  of  prayer  and  praise; — all  was  peace, 
all  prosperity,  and  the  future  brightened  with  hopes  most  blessed  signs.  The  spirit  and  tastes 
of  the  people,  though  pre  eminently  agricultural,  were  not  exclusively  so.  Emigrants  from 
the  Atlantic  States  and  from  European  countries  brought  with  them  manufacturing  skill  and 
the  machinery  whereby  to  create.  They  settled  in  our  chief  towns,  and  themselves  opened  up 
new  settlements,  where  were  to  be  heard  the  hum,  and  the  bustle  of  that  active,  useful  life, 
which  is  peculiarly  the  mechanic's.  Upon  the  waters  of  the  Elkhorn,  as  early  as  1792,  the 
first  paper-mill  was  erected;  powder  mills  were  built  in  various  places;  Lexington  became  a 
permanent  seat  of  manufactures,  and  there  the  first  rail  ever  made  west  of  the  Alleghanies 
was  forged.  Factories  lor  bagging  and  bale-rope  abounded.  The  region  about  the  Blue 
Licks  glowed  continually  with  the  fires  of  a  hundred  salt  furnaces.  .  In  numerous  spots  iron 
was  delved  from  the  earth,  and  fashioned  into  whatever  forms  of  usefulness  the  diversified 
wants  of  man  desired. 

At  Frankfort,  sloop  after  sloop,  with  keen  prows  and  wide  decks,  were  launched  into  the 
crystal  and  limpid  waters  of  the  Kentucky — hull  and  spars  of  Kentucky  oak — rigging  of  Ken- 
tucky flax  and  hemp,  and  then  laden  exclusively  with  Kentucky  products,  and  dispatched  to 
the  far  off  South,  the  seat  of  Spanish  and  French  empire,  on  profitable  voyages.  Vineyards 
hung  clustering  with  their  rich  and  purple  fruitage  upon  hundreds  of  hillsides  and  colonies  of 
industrious  Swiss  crushed  from  ihe  luscious  grape  wine  that  would  have  rivalled  the  old  Faler- 
nian  in  its  mellowness  Nearly  twenty  years  before  Fulton's  discovery  of  the  application  of 
steam  to  navigation,  John  Fitch  demonstrated  publicly  the  same  great  scientific  truth,  and 
operated  with  success  a  model  steamboat  on  the  waters  of  the  small  stream  that  runs  through 
the  town  of  Lexington.  That  model  yet  remains  in  the  museum  of  Transylvania  University, 
in  itself  a  complete  vindication  of  the  priority  of  Fitch's  invention  Fulton's  name  is  now  a 
household  word,  while  Fitch  sleeps  in  unmonumented  obscurity  in  the  grave  yard  of  Bards- 
town.  The  incense  of  the  world's  praise  yields  its  sweetest  perfurmes  to  the  memory  of  Ful- 
ton. Only  a  loving  sweet  briar  gives  odor  to  the  air  that  in  summer  time  lingers  about  the 
spot  where  Fitch  lies — 

"Unwept,  unhonored  and  unsung." 
But  the  chief  feature  of  that  civilization  was  the  introduction  of  the  press  into  Kentucky. 
The  18th  of  August,  1787,  is  mentioned  in  no  calendar  as  a  day  of  note;  yet  it  deserves  espe- 
cial consideration  from  the  people  of  this  State.  It  is  the  anniversary  of  the  issue  of  the  first 
printed  sheet  within  the  borders  of  this  Commonwealth.  Such  a  date  is  of  no  minor  impor- 
tance. It  is  an  era  in  the  history  of  any  colony  or  State.  Thereafter  the  isolation  previously 
existing  diminishes.  Then  does  the  great  world  become  nearer,  and  its  continual  whirl  of 
excitement — its  increasing  activity — its  turmoil  and  confusion — its  joys  and  sorrows — its  be- 
nevolent pulsations  and  its  wicked  throbbiugs  appeal  to  the  human  sympathies.  The  wilder- 
ness and  solitude  lose  their  startling  wildness  and  impressive  loneliness.  Life  appears  breathed 
into  the  inanimate.  Men  seem  bound  to  their  fellows  at  a  distance  by  closer  ties.  The  news- 
paper serves  as  a  curious  ligament  to  connect  the  most  remote  in  feeling  and  opinion.  The 
desires  and  actions,  thoughts  and  impulses  of  the  multitude  are  communicated  through  this 
medium.  By  thus  interchanging  views  men's  ideas  become  more  liberal — their  mental  visions 
embrace  a  wider  range  of  observation.  The  edges  of  inquiry  and  investigation  are  sharp 
ened.  New  enterprises  are  set  on  foot.  Commerce  is  invigorated,  and  every  branch  of  in- 
dustry receives  an  impetus.  Pleasure  is  not  only  thus  diffused  among  all  classes,  but  profit, 
actual  profit,  that  which  may  be  reckoned  in  dollars  and  cents.  The  influence  of  a  newspa- 
per, in  a  new  settlement,  is  not  exaggerated  nor  over  estimated.  Instances  fully  corroborating 
all  that  has  been  here  said,  are  to  be  found  in  abundance.  Potent  as  is  the  press  in  the  most 
highly  refined  and  prosperous  portions  of  the  globe,  it  is   likewise  so  on  the  edge  of  the  de- 


442  REPORT  OF  THE 

Bert,  and,  accompanying  the  borderer's  gun  and  the  emigrant's   axe,  sows  the  seeds  of  civili- 
zation in  the  very  midst  of  uncultivated  nature. 

To  John  Bradford  belongs  the  great  honor  of  having  "set  up"  the  first  printing  office  and 
newspaper  in  the  State  (then  District)  of  Kentucky.  Could  we,  upon  one  of  these  bright 
September  days,  transfer  ourselves  into  the  by-gone  days  of  '87,  and  peep  in  upon  his  pre- 
cints,  how  novel  would  the  scene  appear  to  eyes  accustomed  to  the  wonderful  improvements 
in  the  "art  preservative  of  arts!"  In  the  goodly  town  of  Lexington,  beside  an  ill  defined 
road,  called  by  courtesy  a  street,  and  hedged  in  by  a  house  here  and  there,  sits  the  little  cabin 
of  hewn  logs.  How  primitive  in  appearance  this  temple  to  Faustus,  this  monumental  pile  to 
Guttenburg,  in  the  wilds  of  America!  Amid  the  severe  simplicity  and  imposing  grandeur  of 
nature's  works,  art,  rude  though  it  be,  has  an  exotic  look.  What  need  have  these  brave  set- 
tlers of  types  and  ink  and  paper?  Are  there  not  lessons  full  of  wisdom  to  be  found  in  their 
daily  pathways  leading  them  up  to  nature's  God?  And  why  disturb  their  calm  serenity  of 
mind  with  news  from  all  nations?  Why  breathe  upon  them  the  hoarse  murmurs  of  a  conten- 
tious world?  But,  within  that  cabin,  shaded  by  so  many  huge  oaks,  is  the  germ  of  Kentucky 
newspaperial  literature.  In  a  corner  stands  the  press,  entirely  wooden,  cumbersome,  and  un- 
couth. At  a  window,  or  rather  an  aperture  between  the  logs,  are  a  few  cases  of  type;  while, 
in  typographic  confusion,  the  other  implements  are  strewn  about.  Bradford  is  seated  upon  a 
block  of  wood  surveying  the  scence.  He  is  no  printer — merely  an  amateur.  Pro  bono  pub 
'ico  he  performed  a  wearisome  journey  to  the  east  of  the  Alleghanies,  made  a  large  outlay 
of  capital,  and,  returning  with  his  material  to  Kentucky,  became  the  pioneer  editor  of  the 
West.  It  is  not  often  that  we  see,  in  this  day,  such  manifestations  of  disinterested  public 
spirit.  No  pecuniary  profit  tempted  him,  for  that  was  a  remote  and  improbable  contingency 
in  the  enterprise.  But  notice — the  solitary  journeyman  printer  and  the  "devil,"  (or  diabolos, 
as  the  Greek  hath  it,)  are  busy  with  their  first  paper.  Very  often  does  the  door  open  upon  its 
leathern  hinges,  while  the  curious  pry  about,  investigating  the  mysteries,  and  little  children, 
as  they  play  beneath  the  neighboring  trees,  point  to  the  printer's  quarters  with  reverence  in 
their  manner.  At  last  the  form  is  ready  for  the  press,  and,  after  many  delay3,  the  boy  daubs 
his  buckskin  ball  in  the  ink,  and  redaubs  it  on  the  face  of  the  type,  the  press  creaks,  and  lo! 
born  to  the  light  of  day  is  the  "Kentucky  Gazette" — the  parent  of  that  long  and  illustrious 
line  of  newspapers  which  have  since  then  lent  glory  and  fame  to  the  State. 

That  afternoon  the  denizens  of  Lexington  were  treated  to  a  newspaper  of  home  manufac- 
ture. As  the  evening  sun  cast  its  long  shadows,  the  accustomed  assemblage  of  town  talkers 
convened  about  the  tavern  door,  and  the  Gazette  was  read  aloud  to  the  gaping  multitude. 
Strange  comments  were  made  on  this  literary  phenomenon,  and  every  man  had  a  different 
opinion  as  to  the  success  and  utility  of  the  paper.  To  hundreds  of  homes  in  the  deep  forests 
and  beside  the  running  streams  the  little  sheet  went  a  messenger  of  peace — a  bearer  of  good 
tidings — for  it  whispered  of  the  homes  left  behind  and  gave  promise  of  a  restitution  of  many 
of  the  best  features  of  their  native  places.  As  the  post-boy  weekly  distributed  the  papers, 
the  stalwart  hunter,  attired  in  the  picturesque  co-tumeof  the  woods,  forgot  the  game,  and 
leaning  upon  his  trusty  weapon,  perused  the  current  news  and  felt  the  strangeness  of  sympathy 
with  the  outside  world  steal  in  upon  him.  fie  became  again  a  man  with  interests  and  pas- 
sions linking  him  to  his  fellow  men  and  their  pursuits.  The  backwoods  dealer  in  produce 
and  articles  of  merchandise,  bent  over  his  rude  counter  and  glanced  over  the  market  report 
with  much  of  the  sang  froid  which  the  dealer  now-days  exhibits  who  sits  in  his  elegant 
counting  room,  and,  amid  the  wreathed  clouds  of  his  Havana  cigar,  notes  the  prices  current. 
The  housewife,  in  the  lone  hours  of  the  day,  dropped  domestic  duties  for  awhile  and  culled 
from  this  dingy  parterre  of  the  world's  events,  an  astonishing  incident,  or  marriage,  or  death. 
All  classes  of  society  then  felt  that  a  new  pleasure  had  sprung  up  in  their  midst,  and  wondered 
at  having  so  long  existed  without  that  sine  qua  non  of  civilization,  the  newspaper. 

John  Bradford,  the  founder  of  the  first  newspaper  in  Kentucky  now  sleeps  his  long  sleep. 
No  storied  urn  nor  graven  obelisk  commemorates  his  public  spirit,  and  even  the  great  fact  of 
his  life,  to  which  allusion  has  been  made,  is  known  to  but  few.     Surely  some  testimonial  to 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  443 

his  services  should  survive  him.     Far  less    worthy  heroes — for  he  was  a  hero  in   truth — have 
their  names  and  deeds  emblazoned  on  costly  marble. 

But  perhaps  I  have  elaborated  this  picture  too  much.  Perhaps  I  have  transcended  my  posi- 
tion and  wearied  your  patience  with  the  recital  of  a  story  in  wnicli  you  feel  no  interest.  Par- 
don me,  ladies  and  gentlemen.  Charge  it  all  to  my  esprit  de  corps.  I  might  not  thus  have  tres- 
passed upon  your  attention  with  the  history  of  this  important  era  in  the  settlement  of  our  State 
were  it  not  that  I  too  am  of  the  craft,  and  that  I.  if  I  have  any  right  to  address  a  Mechanics' 
Institute,  that  right  is  derived  from  the  fact  of  my  being  a  brother  mechanic — a  printer  boy, 
and  I  thank  God  for  the  honored  station! 

Such  was  Kentucky  sixty  years  ago.  Never  did  a  people  or  a  State  enter  upon  a  career 
under  more  propitious  auspices;  and,  alas,  that  a  Kentuckian  should  say  it,  never  did  a  people 
or  a  State  use  their  magnificent  advantages  with  such  matked  forgetfulness.  Kentucky  should 
be  this  day  the  great  manufacturing  State  of  the  Union.  Her  coal  fields  and  iron  beds  should 
be  yielding  daily  millions  of  bushels  and  tons.  Every  hill  top  should  be  crowned  with  a  tem- 
ple of  religion  or  education.  Not  a  mountain  but  should  be  tunneled,  not  a  stream  but  should 
be  spanned,  not  a  gorge  but  should  be  arched,  not  a  valley  but  should  echo  to  the  rush  and 
roar  of  the  steam  car. 

But  we  have  fallen  far  short  of  the  fulfillment  of  our  great  destiny.  Why  so?  Briefly,  there 
appears  to  have  been  two  leading  causes  opering  very  seriously  against  the  material  advance- 
ment of  Kentucky. 

The  first  of  these  is  politics.  Just  subsequent  to  the  adoption  of  the  second  constitution  of 
the  State,  that  is,  about  the  close  of  the  last  century,  there  arose  an  intense  political  excite- 
ment. Affairs  of  great  moment  were  involved.  Discussions  were  rife.  Every  man  with  the 
least  loquacity  mounted  the  stump.  Every  man  sought  office.  A  perfect  mania  seized  the 
people,  which  was  further  increased  by  the  Burr  and  Wilkinson  conspiracy  discoveries — then 
still  more  increased  by  the  difficulties  with  Great  Britain.  Since  then  Kentucky  has  been 
chiefly  addicted  to  politics.  It  is  the  great  vice  of  her  old  and  her  young  men.  They  have 
neglected,  in  a  great  measure,  all  other  pursuits,  to  chase  that  ignis  fatous.  They  have  sought 
political  station  and  influence  at  all  hazards.  Industry  has  been  neglected,  and  the  promotion 
of  the  great  interests  of  the  Commonwealth  rendered  secondary  to  the  furtherance  of  petty 
partisan  schemes.  To  the  credit  of  the  State  be  it  said,  it  has  always  exercised  a  leading,  if 
not  controlling  influence  in  the  government  of  the  nation.  It  has  given  to  the  Republic  the 
services  of  a  Clay,  himself  the  prince  of  orators — peerless  among  Senators — the  foremost  of 
statesmen,  and  it  is  now  serving  the  Republic  with  the  genius,  and  wisdom,  and  high-toned 
chivalry  of  a  Breckinridge: 

"Clarum  et  venerabile  nomen." 

But  what  if  all  our  great  politicians  and  statemen  and  orators  had  devoted  some  fragment  of 
their  time  to  State  interests — to  the  development  of  our  State  resources,  how  glorious  would 
have  been  the  condition  of  affairs — how  noble  our  position  in  the  sisterhood.  And  suppose, 
too,  citizens  of  Louisville,  that  the  leading  editors  of  your  city  had  devoted  more  of  their  vast 
abilities  to  the  discussion  of  home  matters;  to  fostering  the  manufactures  of  your  city  instead 
continually  harping  upon  the  everlasting  string  of  politics,  would  Louisville  not  have  been  a 
score  of  year3  in  advance  of  her  present  position.  The  one  a  man  of  towering  intellect — of 
the  richest  poetic  fancy,  of  the  keenest  wit,  and  the  most  cultivated  powers  of  satire;  the 
other  a  shrewd,  able  logician — practiced  in  all  the  manoeuvres  of  politics — ready  with  the  pen 
to  assail  the  wrong  and  uphold  the  right— both  honest  and  noble  hearted  men,  but  so  addicted 
to  the  dissipation  of  politics  that,  immersed  in  that,  they  forget  all  things  save  the  use  of  their 
editorial  weapons  and  the  maintenance  of  their  editorial  honor. 

With  such  examples  as  the  past  thus  afforded,  and  the  present  continually  offers,  it  is  strange 
that  every  chilling  in  the  State  indulges  in  politics — that  the  boys  and  girls  forget  their  play- 
things to  huzza  for  the  candidates  of  their  seniors,  and  that  men  of  business  neglect  that  busi- 
ness to  rnn  wild  after  the  nominee  of  their  parties,  and  the  support  of  principles,  concerning 
which  they  know  nothing,  save  that  they  are  in  their  platform?     We  must  rid  our  State  of  this 


444  REPORT  OF  THE 

abuse  of  talents  and  particularly  must  we  abate  the  nuisance    of  fledgling   politicians,  such  as 
we  saw  traversing  the  State  last  summer. 

But  there  is  another  cause  which  has  operated  to  retard  the  material  prosperity  of  Kentucky, 
This  is  the  pretension  and  influence  of  pseudo  aristocracy.  Most  of  us  were  descended  from 
the  first  families  of  Virginia;  or  else  wear  a  patrician  name  thatbeloDged  once  upon  a  time  to 
some  leading  family  in  one  of  the  Atlantic  States.  Therefore  we  claim  to  be  pure,  thorough 
bred,  full  blooded  aristocrats.  Others  have  achieved  wealth  and  station,  and  thereby  assume 
to  lord  it  over  their  less  fortunate  fellows.  Still  others  have  fallen  upon  fat  officers  and  been 
fed  at  the  public  crib,  and  necessarily  their  descendants  are  not  to  condescend  to  au  equality 
with  those  people  of  low  degree  who  work  out  their  own  temporal  salvation.  This  feeling  has 
been  a  great  bane — a  great  curse  to  Kentucky.  It  has  caused  many  a  noble  and  talented  young 
man  to  eschew  the  honest  pursuits  of  labor,  and  take  upon  himself  the  habit  of  lawyers  or 
physicians.  Such  has  been  popular  prejudice,  the  folly  and  wickedness  of  fashionable  decrees* 
that  they  could  not  assume  the  noble  toga  of  a  working  man,  and  hence  have  rushed  into  pro- 
fessional life — a  few  succeeding,  while  thousands  miserably  fail. 

Nothing  is  more  despicable  than  this  sham  aristocratic  feeling.  Yet,  if  we  must  have  the 
plant  in  our  Kentucky  soil,  let  it  grow,  and  blossom,  and  bloom  in  full  maturity.  Let  us  es- 
tablish a  Herald's  college  and  invest  all  these  people  with  coats  of  arms.  To  be  significant, 
upon  the  coach  pannels  of  one  of  these  noble  families,  as  it  rolled  along  in  stately  grandeur, 
amid  the  admiring  crowds  of  gaping  plebeans,  there  should  blaze  in  aristocratic  colors  a  row 
of  dirty  whisky  bottles  and  dirtier  "horns"  relieved  by  the  graceful  figures  of  a  crowd  of 
loafers  in  the  various  stages  of  intoxication.  Upon  another,  would  flash  in  haughty  blazonry, 
a  deck  of  cards  and  a  dice  box;  or  in  the  language  of  heraldry,  the  Knave  of  Hearts  rampant 
upon  a  ground  argent.  These  devices  would  tell  their  own  stories.  They  would  indicate  the 
origin  of  the  aristocratic  proprietors. 

For  wealth  obtained  by  honest  industry,  we  entertain  the  highest  respect — especially  when 
used  by  its  possessor  in  a  manner  calculated  to  secure  his  own  comfort  and  at  the  same  time 
minister  to  those  by  whom  he  is  surrounded.  But  if  there  is  a  being  who  dishonors  God's 
footstool  by  his  presence,  and  makes  mankind  think  meanly  of  man,  it  is  he  who,  having 
climbed  the  ladder  of  prosperity  to  the  highest  round,  kicks  it  from  beneath  him,  and  arro- 
gates to  himself  the  occupancy  of  a  higher  sphere  than  his  more  worthy,  because  in  most  in- 
stances his  more  honest  associate. 

There,  is  however,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  an  aristocracy  which  you  all  are  called  upon  to 
honor  and  respect.  It  is  the  Aristocracy  of  Intellect  and  Labor.  Its  patent  of  nobility  will 
be  perpetuated  when  the  plumed  heroes  of  the  battlefield  and  their  titles  shall  be  forgotten. 
It  has  emancipated  imprisoned  thought  and  sent  it  on  its  heaven  born  mission  to  redeem  and 
disenthrall  the  human  race  from  its  bondage  of  ignorance  and  bigotry.  It  whitens  our  seas 
with  its  wings  of  commerce — it  traverses  our  States  with  the  speed  of  lightning — it  builds  our 
marts  of  trade  and  tills  our  harvest  fields.  It  yields  homage  only  to  worth,  and  kuows  no  de- 
scent beyond  the  honest  matrons  who  gave  birth  to  its  supporters  and  nestled  close  to  their 
bosoms  the  young,  glorious  life  of  American  liberties. 

tor  such  aristocracy  I  claim  your  homage.  You,  gentlemen  of  the  Kentucky  Mechanics' 
Institute,  are  a  part  and  parcel  of  it,  and  standing  here  to  night,  at  the  close  of  your  fourth 
year's  labors,  I  feel  as  if  it  were  my  duty,  on  behalf  of  our  city  and  State,  to  invest  you,  one 
and  all,  with  the  knighthood  of  true  manliness.  May  you  ever  wear  that  insignia  upon  your 
brows — and  may  you  Mr.  President,  and  your  associates  in  office,  cherish  with  peculiar  fidelity 
your  duties  toward  Louisville,  toward  Kentucky,  and  toward  the  Union. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  445 

LOGAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

RUSSELLVILLE,    NOVEMBER    16,    1857. 

R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Ky.  S.  A.  Society. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Logan  county,  iu  the  Court  House  in  Russellville,  on  the 
3d  of  June,  1854,  this  Association  was  organized,  and  the  following  gentlemen  were  elected 
officers  for  the  ensuing  year: 

David  King,  President;  W.  D.  Dempsey,  Vice  President;  J.  M.  Be.il,  Tn  asurer;  J.  B.  Pey- 
ton, Secretary.     A  Board  of  Directors  was  also  chosen. 

An  appropriate  lot  of  twelve  acres, near  the  town  of  Russellville,  was  immediately  purchased 
and  improved  by  the  erection  of  suitable  buildings,  and  in  other  ways  suitable  for  the  ensuing 
exhibition. 

The  first  Annual  Fair  was  held  on  the  11th,  12th,  and  13th  days  of  October,  1854,  and  it 
fully  equalled  the  expectations  of  its  most  sanguine  friends. 

The  Association  has  been  in  successful  operation  ever  since  its  first  organization,  having 
held  a  Fair  each  year,  and  the  receipts  and  attendance  of  the  last  Fair  exceeded  those  of  any 
preceding  one. 

Its  beneficial  results  in  the  improvement  of  the  various  kinds  of  stock  in  the  county  are 
evident,  and  we  already  think  that  our  ladies  have  no  superiors,  not  only  in  beauty,  out  also 
in  domestic  manufactures  and  handiwork.  Our  Society,  I  believe,  is  the  oldest  one  of  the 
kind  in  the  Green  River  Country,  and  although  we  occupy  the  same  grounds,  and,  with  a  few 
additions,  the  same  buildings  with  which  we  commenced,  yet  we  deem  them  inadequate  for 
our  purposes,  and  it  is  now  contemplated  to  tear  down  the  old  amphitheater  and  erect  a  new 
and  spacious  one,  together  with  the  other  appurtenances  of  well  improved  Fair  Grounds. 

Enclosed  you  will  find  a  printed  Premium  List,  with  a  list  of  the  names  of  the  officers  for 
1857,  together  with  a  list  of  the  Premiums  awarded. 

Very  respedtfully,  yours,  &c. 

G.  R.  BIBB,  Secretary. 

Frankfort,  Jan.  12th,  1858. 
R.  W.  Scott,  &c. 

Dear  Sir: — Your  note  is  to  hand,  and  in  reply  I  have  to  state,  that  our  amphitheatre 
is  150  feet  in  diameter  and  covered.  I  suppose  our  entire  improvements  are  worth  from  two 
to  three  thousand  dollars,  including  grounds  and  the  necessary  buildings  for  offices,  store 
houses,  &c.  We  have  as  yet  no  stalls  finished,  and  are  now  making  efforts  to  convert  our 
present  organization  into  a  joint  stock  company,  with  a  view  to  more  permanent  and  exten- 
sive improvements,  and  a  more  efficient  action.  The  benefits  of  our  present  organization  are 
manifesting  themselves  in  the  improvement  of  our  stock  and  agricultural  improvements  gen- 
erally, and  we  anticipate  the  best  results  from  our  efforts. 

Yours,  respectfully, 

ROBERT    BROWDER,  President. 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 
Robert  Browder,  President;  J  R  Bailey,  Vice  President;  Geo.  R.  Bibb,  Secretary;  Jas.  W. 
Ryan,  Treasurer;  David  King,  J.  M.  Beall,  Thos.  B.  Bailey,  B.  K.  Tully,  A.  M.  McLean,  G. 
W.  Munday,  L.  H.  Ferguson,  J.  W.  Kendall,  C  P  Gillum,  and  A.  F.  Long,  Directors;  John 
W.  Malone,  Chief  Marshal;  Saml.  Grinter,  Thos.  B.  Harrison,  Z.  M.  Beall  and  R.  T.  Young, 
Assistant  Marshals. 


446  REPORT  OF  THE 

PREMIUM    LIST  OF  THE  LOGAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL    AND  MECHANI- 
CAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Best  ten  yards  superfine  Jeans,  - $  5  00 

Be?t  ten  yards  Negro  Jeans, -  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Negro  Linsey, 2   00 

Besr,  ten  yards  Flannel,  all  wool, 3  00 

Best  pail- "Blankets, 5  00 

Best  Jeans  Coat,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady, 3    00 

Best  pair  Pants,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,            -         -                  -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Best  Shirt,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,             .----■-,,  2  00 

Best  Shirt  made  by  a  girl  of  twelve  years  of  age  and  under,      -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Best  Quilt,  not  silk,  not  patchwork, 5  00 

Best  Quilt,  plain  patchwork, 5  00 

Best  patchwork,  Worsted   Quilt, -         -         -         -  3  00 

Best  Woolen  Coverlet,  home  made,             .........  3  00 

Best  Counterpane, 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Wool  Carpet, 5  00 

Best  ten  yards  Rag  Carpet, 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Flax  Linen, -  2  00 

Best  pair  Woolen  Hose, Silver  Thimble. 

Best  pair  Hall  Hose,  made  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,        -         -       Silver  Thimble. 

Best  Silk  Bonnet,  made  by  a  lady,     ----------  3  00 

Best  Fancy  Dress  Bonnet, -         -         -  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  of  Fine  Linsey,  white  or  colored,       -         .         -  3  00 

Best  home-made  Table  Linen,  six  yards,             -         -         -'                 -          -         -         -  3  00 

Best  Boquet  of  Flowers, 2  CO 

Best  variety  of  Flowers, -         -  3  00 

NEEDLEWORK. 

Best  piece  of  Needlework  on  Linen  or  Muslin,  lor  ladies'  wear,  home  made,     -         -  $  3  00 

EMBROIDERY. 

Best  piece  of  Worsted  Embroidery, -         -         -  §  3  00 

Best  piece  of  Embroidery  on  Silk  or  Velvet,      --------3  00 

All  of  the  above  articles  to  be  strictly  home  made,  and  manufactured  in  the  family  of  the 
person  exhibiting  them. 

Judges —  A.  S  Winlock,  T.  J.  Jefferies,  J.  L.  Rizer,  J.  B.  Krumbaugh,  Ex.  Stockdale,  II. 
Roberts. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPMEMENT3. 

Best  two  horse  Sod  Plow,           -                  $  5  00 

Best  two  horse  Stubble  Plow, 5  00 

Best  one  horse  P.ow,          ------------  3  00 

Best  Straw  Cutter, 5  00 

Best  Cultivator, 3  00 

Best  Wheat   Fan, -    -         -         -  3  00 

Best  large  Wagon  and  Bed, 5  00 

Best  two  horse  wagon  and  Bed,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  •>  00 

Be<t  Buggy, - fi  00 

Judges— Silt  s  Gilbert,  Thos.  G.  Gooch,  Danl.  Haddox,  F.  Inman,  B.  Swearingen,  T.  Offutt. 

SADDLERY    AND   LEATHER. 

Best  Man's  Saddle  and  Bridle, $  5  00 

Best  Ladies  Saddle'  and    Bridle, 5  00 

Best  Carriage  or  Buggy  Harness,       --.....--.  5  00 

Best  lot  of  Assorted  Leather, 3  00 

Judges— W .  M.  F.  Caldwell,  W.  T.  Evans,  G.  S.  Vick,  J.  Creighton. 

HATS. 

Best  Wool  Hat. $  3  00 

Judges.— S.  Grinter,  Thos.  W.  Morton,  Will.  Morton. 

FRUIT. 

Best  dUplay  of  Fruit,  with  a  catalogue  annexed, -         -  $  5  00 

Judges.— W .  B.  Hughes,  W.  D.  Boyer,  Samuel  Grinter. 

YEGF.TABLES. 

Best  barrel  Irish  Potatoes, $  2  50 

Be-t  barrel  Sweet  Potatoes, ------  2  50 

Best  display  of  Garden  Vegetables, 3  00 

Judges— G.  W.  Gray,  R.  ti.  Caldwell,  B.  T.  Blewett,  Dr.  St.  Clair  Leavell,  of  Christian. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  447 
SECOND  DAY. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Best,  Harness  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,    -                   -----  10  00 

Best  Harness  Brood  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards,     -         -         -         -         .         -  10  00 

Best  span  of  Harness  Geldings  or  Mares, 10  00 

Be.-t  Buggy  Gelding  or  Mare, 10  00 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -          -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,    -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  under  one  year,         -         -         -         -          -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards,          -     •   -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -----  10  (10 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         -          -          •         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  or  Harness  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,                -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Saddle  Gelding  or  Mare,    -         -.-.....         -         -  10  00 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Best  Blooded  Stallion  of  any  age,  sweepstake,  -         -         -         -         -         -                  -  15  00 

Bet-t  Blooded  Mare  of  any  age,  sweepstake,       -                   ------  15  00 

Jucfyes— Bryce  Wilkerson,  J    P.  Tully,  Coleman  Gill,  J.  P.  Murray,  Dr.  N.  Conn,  Waller 
Lewis,  B.  D.  Taylor. 

CATTLE. 

Best  Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,,     -------          -         -  10  00 

Best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  --------  10  00 

Best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -  10  00 

Best  suckling  Bull,  under  one  year  old, -         -         -  10  00 

B?st  Cow,  three  years  old  and  upwards,       -...--..-  ]0  00 

Best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -                   -          -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Heiter,  one  year  old  and  under  two,    -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  suckling  Calf,  under  one  year  old,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Judges — Joseph  T.  Offutt,   W.    Whooton,  of  Simpson;  W.  B.  Hughes,  John  Grubbs,  W. 
Flood. 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,           - -                  10  00 

Best  Sow,            -                  ------  10  00 

Best  pair  of  Pigs,  six  months  old  and  under, 10  00 

SHEEP. 

Best  long  wool  Buck, 5  00 

Best  long  wool   Ewe, 5  00 

Best  lung  wool  Buck  Lamb,  under  one  year  old,         ...  2  50 

Best  long  wool  Ewe  Lamb,  under  one  year  old, -  2  50 

Best  short  wool  Buck,         -         - 5  00 

Best  short  wool  Ewe, -  5  00 

Best  short  wool  Buck  Lamb,  under  one  year,      -------  2  50 

Best  short  wool  Ewe  Lamb,  under  one  year,       --------  2  50 

Judges— J.  M.  Bartou,  J.  P.  Tully,  George  T.  Blakey,  Peter  Shields,  Geo.  W.  Gray. 

THIRD  DAY. 

AGRICULTURAL    PRODUCTS. 

Best  sample  of  Tobacco  from  a  crop  ol  2,000  pounds  and  upwards,  10  Oft 

Sample  to  be  accompanied  by  the  statement,  of  three  disinterested  persons   who   are  judges 
of  the  article,  that  it  is  a  lair  sample  of  the  entire  crop  of  the  person  exhibiting  it. 

GRAIN 

Best  ten  acres  of  Corn,  (one  acre  of  the  ground  and  the  Corn  to  be  measured  by  three  or  more 

disinterested  persons — the  successful  competitor  to  furnish  statement  of  the  mode  of  culture 

and   planting,) HI   0>> 

Persons  competing  for  premiums  for  the  largest  yield,  must  have  the  ground  measured  by  a 

competent  surveyor,  and  must  produce  his  certificate  -is  to  the  quantity  under  cultivation;  the 

corn  must  be  left  standing  until  the  first  of  November. 

Best,  two  bushels  ol   wheat,          -         -         -         -         -    - 3  00 

The  Wheat  and  Coin  to  be  measured  in  a  sealed  half  bushel. 

Judges — A.J.  McLean,  11.  L.Gillum,  John  Finch,  C.  Travis,  D.  B.  Sydner. 

DRAFT     HORSES. 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  three  years  and  upwards,     -         -         -         •         -         -         -         -10  00 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, -  10  00 


448  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Best  Draft  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Best  Draft  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards,  -  10  00 

Best  Draft  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  - 10  00 

Best  Draft  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Best  Draft  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  --------  10  00 

JACKS,    JENNETS,    AND    MULES. 

Best  Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards,         - -  10  00 

Best  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ...         - 10  00 

Best  Mule  Colt  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Best  Jack  three  years  old  and  upwards,       ---------  10  00 

Best  Jack  two  years  old  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Jack  Colt  under  one  year  old,     -                  - -         -  10  00 

Best  Jennet  three  years  old  and  upwards,  -         -         -         -         -          -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Jennet  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -                             -----  10  00 

Best  Jennet  one  year  old  and  under  two,    -                   .......  if)  00 

Best  Jennet  Colt  under  one  year  old,           ---------  10  00 

Judges— Jesse  Russell,  of  Todd;  George  T.  Blakev,  L.  Gilbert,  H  L.  Gillum,  Wra.  Mc- 
Cear'ey,  P.  Shields,  Dr.  N.  Conn,  Jas.  Small,  of  Todd. 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

Those  who  are  not  members  of  the  Association  may  make  exhibitions  by  paying  five  dollars 
at  the  time  of  entry. 

Any  person  may  become  a  member  for  the  period  of  one  year,  by  paying  to  the  Treasurer 
$3,  on  or  before  the  1st  of  September,  and  shall  exhibit  stock  or  articles  without  additional 
charge,  but  shall  not  hold  any  interest  in  the  property  or  real  estate  of  the  Association. 

All  entries  of  stock  or  articles  for  exhibition  must  be  made  by  10  o'clock  of  the  day  of  ex- 
hibition; the  owner  of  the  stock  to  place  in  the  hands  of  the  Secretary  the  age  of  the  stock  to 
be  shown,  and  the  name  of  the  breeder. 

All  domestics  exhibited  for  premiums  must  have  been  made  within  the  two  years  preceding 
the  Fair,  and  to  each  article  must  be  attached  a  label  stating  this  fact. 

All  stock,  and  every  article  presented  for  exhibition,  will  be  under  the  control  of  the  Board 
of  Directors. 

No  animal  will  be  allowed  to  compete  for  more  than  one  premium  at  the  same  Fair. 

No  barren  animal  shall  compete  for  a  premium  with  one  that  breeds. 

No  person,  (other  than  the  Judges,)  shall  be  allowed  to  go  into  the  ring  where  the  stock  and 
articles  are  placed  for  exhibition,  except  the  President,  Vice  President,  Secretary,  Treasurer, 
Directors,  and  Marshals. 

No  person  shall  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  to  exhibit  stock  in  person;  and  any  person 
violating  this  rule  shall  not  receive  a  premium.  And  if  any  person  shall  wilfully  make  known 
to  the  Judges  his  ownership  of  stock  on  exhibition,  or  the  pedigree  thereof,  he  shall  not  be 
entitled  to  a  premium  on  such  stock. 

The  premiums  will  be  silver  cups,  medals,  and  spoons. 

The  best  animal  or  article,  in  each  case,  to  receive  a  premium;  the  second  best,  a  certifi- 
cate. 

PREMIUMS    AWARDED  AT  THE  LOGAN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  ME- 
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  lb57. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Best  ten  yards  Superfine  Jeans,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  W.  W.  Follin,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  L.  Gil- 
lum, certificate. 

Best  ten  yards  of  Negro  Jeans,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Wm-  McCearley,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  M. 
Tully,  certificate. 

Best  ten  yards  Negro  Linsey,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  McCearley,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  T. 
Evans,  certificate. 

Best  ten  yards  Flannel,  all  wool,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  McCearley,  premium;  Mrs.  Tighl- 
man  Off'utt,  certificate. 

Best  pair  of  Blankets,  one  entry,  Mrs.  B.  K.  Tully,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  449 

Best  Pants,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  one  entry,  Mrs.  J.   H.  Johnson,  of  Todd  county,  pre- 
mium. 

Best  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady,  two  entries,  Miss  Sally  F.  Hughes,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  H.   John 
son,  of  Todd  county,  certificate. 

Best  Shirt,  made  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,  one  entry,  Miss  Sue  B.  Blakey,  pre- 
mium. 

Best  Quilt,  plain  patchwork,  seven  entries,  Mr3.  J.  H.   Johnson,  of  Todd  county,  premium; 
Mrs.  Clay  Gillum,  certificate, 

Best  Patchwork  Worsted  Quilt,  three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Gillum,   premium;  Mrs.   M.  B. 
Morton,  certificate. 

Best  Woolen  Coverlet,  four  entries,  Mrs.  James  Glass,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  M.  Tully,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  Counterpane,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Jas.  Glass,  premium;  Mrs.  James  M.  Beall,  certifi 
cate. 

Best  ten  vard3  Wool  Carpet,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Smith,  of  Bowlinggreen,  premium; 
Mrs.  Wm.  McCearley,  certificate. 

Best  ten  yards  of  Rag  Carpet,  four  entries,  Mrs.  John  Earner,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  M.  Tully, 
certificate. 

Best  ten  yards  of  Flax  Linen,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  Offuct,  premium. 

Best  pair  of  Woolen  Hose,  three  entries,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Gillum,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  T.  King, cer 
tlficate. 

Best. pair  Half  Hose,  knit  by  a  girl  under  twelve,  three  entries,  Miss  Amelia  W.  Williams, 
premium;  Miss  Alice  Johnson,  certificate. 

Best  Silk  Bonnet,  one  entry,  Mrs.  T.  K.  Foster,  premium. 

Best  Fancy  Dress  Bonnet,  one  entry,  M-s.  T.  K.  Foster,  premium. 

Best  ten  yards  fiue  Linsey,  White  or  Colored,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Gillum,  premium  anti 
certificate. 

Best  Boquet  of  Flowers,  one  entry,  J.  S.  Downer,  of  Todd  county,  premium. 

An  extra  premium  was  awarded  Mr.  J.  S.  Downer  for  Fruit,  and  also,  a  $5  00  medal  for  his 
rich  and  rare  collection  of  Dahlias. 

Best  Variety  of  Flowers,  two  entries,  Mrs.  Osmond  Roberts,  premium;  J.  S.  Downer,  of 
Todd  county,  certificate. 

Best  Piece  of  Needle  Work  on  Linen  or  Muslin,  two  entries,  Dudley  Jefferies,  premium; 
W.  P.  Harding,  certificate. 

Best  Piece  of  Embroidery  on  Worsted,  two  entries,  Mrs.  L.  P.  Price,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

An  outside  premium  was  awarded  Mr3.  John  Cox,  of  Bowlinggreen,  for  a  neat  and  elegant 
piece  of  Embroidery. 

Best  piece  of  Embroidery  on  Velvet  or  Silk,  three  entries,  Mrs.  T.K.Foster,  premium; 
Mrs.  L.  P.  Price,  certificate. 

Best  Buggy,  two  entries,  John  Creighton  and  Brother,  premium  and  certificate. 

Be3t  man's  Saddle  and  Bridle,  one  entry,  James  Glasscock,  Clarksville,  premium. 

Best  lady's7  saddle  and  Bridle,  one  entry,  Jame3  Glasscock,  Clarksville,  premium. 

Best  Carriage  or  Buggy  Harness,  three  entries,  Beard,  Baker  &  Crutchfield,  Hopkinsville, 
premium;  James  Glasscock,  Clarksville,  certificate. 

Beard,  B:tker  &  Crutchfield's  Buggy  Harness  was  declared  worthy  of  a  premium. 

Be?t  display  of  Fruit,  one  entry,  J.  S.  Downer,  Todd,  premium. 

Best  barrel  of  Irish  Potatoes,  one  entry,  D.  W.  Poor,  premium. 

Best  barrel  of  Sweet  Potatoes,  two  entries,  Osmond  Roberts,  premium,  D.  W.  Poor,  certifi- 
cate. 

Best  display  of  Garden  Vegetables,  two  entries,  Osmond  Roberts,  premium;  D.  W.  Poor, 
certificate. 

SECOND  DAY. 

Harness  Stallions,  two  years  old  and  upward,  seven  entries,  Rev.  J.  S.  M'Gee,  premium; 
James  McFerrin,  Bowlinggreen,  certificate. 

Harness  Brood  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,  fourteen  entries,  W.  L.  Dulaney,  Warren, 
premium;  David  King,  certificate. 

Span  of  Harness  Horses,  sis  entries,  S.  Byram,  Robertson  county,  Tennessee,  premium; 
Robert  Wooldridge,  Trigg,  certificate. 

Best  Buggy  Gelding  or  Mare,  eleven  entries,  Thomas  C.  Coghill,  Simpson,  premium;  Jas. 
Geddis,  Warren,  certificate. 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  five  entries,  C.  Class,  premium;  B.  K.  Tully, 
certificate. 

Best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  six  entries,  A-  Graham,  Warren,  premium;  G. 
F.  Taylor,  Simpson,  certificate. 

Best  Saddle  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upward,  three  entries,  George  T.  Blakey  &  Co., 
premium;  G.  F.  Taylor,  certificate. 

29 


450  REPORT  OF  THE 

Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Joseph  Potter, 
Warren,  premium;  Jacob  Yost,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  eight  entries,  David  King,  pre- 
mium; E.  Carneal,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  James  Steele,  premium;  Pe- 
ter Shields,  certificate. 

Saddle  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,  nine  entries,  H.  L.  Gillum,  premium;  J.  R. 
Aingell,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  E.  R.  Harney,  War- 
ren, premium;  James  Steele,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  David  King,  premium; 
A.  G.  Sears,  certificate. 

Saddle  or  Harness  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  J.  W.  Malone,  premium;  J. 
C.  Travis,  certificate. 

Saddle  Gelding  or  Mare,  twenty  entries,  A.  J.  Brown,  Todd,  premium;  Dr.  S.  S.  Porter, 
certificate. 

Blooded  Stallion  of  any  age,  four  entries,  Wiley  Taylor,  Todd,  premium;  C.  Green,  Rob- 
ertson county,  Tennessee,  certificate. 

Blooded  Mare  of  any  age,  six  entries,  Wiley  Taylor,  Todd,  premium;  Miles  Kelley,  War- 
ren, certificate. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  E.  O.  Hawkins,  premium;  David  Moss, 
Warren,  certificate. 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  William  Morton,  premium;  W.  J.  Haden, 
certificate. 

Sucking  Bull,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  E.  0.  Hawkins,  premium  and  certificate. 

Best  Cow,  three  years  old  and  upward,  six  entries,  David  King,  premium;  Geo.  R.  Bibb, 
■certificate. 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Pres.  E.  Herndon,  premium;  W.  0.  An- 
derson, certificate. 

Heifer,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  nine  entries,  W.  Haden,  premium;  David  King,  certifi- 
cate. 

Sucking  Heifer,  under  one   year  old,  J.  M.  Brown,  premium;  David  King,  certificate. 

Best  Boar,  three  entries,  G.  W.  Gill,  premium;  Geo.  R.  Bibb,  certificate. 

Best  Sow,  five  entries,  Dr.  J.  R.  Curd,  of  Warren,  premium;  Chas.  P.  Gillum,  certificate. 

Best  pair  of  Pigs,  under  six  months  old,  four  entries,  G.  W.  Gill,  premium;  C.  P.  Gillum, 
certificate. 

Long  Wooled  Buck,  two  entries,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium. 

Long  Wooled  Ewe,  one  entry,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium. 

Long  Wooled  Buck  Lamb,  under  one  year  old,  one  entry,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium. 

Long  Wooled  Ewe  Lamb,  under  one  year  old,  two  entries,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium  and  certi- 
ficate. 

Short  Wooled  Buck,  two  entries,  B  K.  Tully,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

Best  Sample  of  Tobacco,  six  entries,  Geo.  B  Starks,  premium;  Coleman  Gill,  certificate. 

Best  ten  acres  of  Corn,  two  entries.  Yet  to  be  decided. 

Best  two  bushels  of  Wheat,  two  entries,  D.  W.  Poor,  premium. 

Best  Draft  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  udwards,  three  entries,  J.  T.  King,  premium  ;  W.  L. 
Coinett,  certificate. 

Draft  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Henry  Miller,  premium;  Michael 
Kelly,  certificate. 

Draft  Stallion  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  six  entries,  Chas.  P.  Gillum,  premium;  Geo.  R. 
Bibb,  certificate. 

Draft  Mare,  three  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  L.  H.  Ferguson,  premium;  Chas.  P. 
Gillum,  ceitificate. 

Draft  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five  entries,  Jas.  Steele,  of  Simpson,  premium; 
Michael  Keller,  certificate. 

Draft  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  two  entries,  Chas.  P.  Gillum,  premium;  J.  T.  King, 
certificate. 

Draft  Mare  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  Robt.  Murray,  premium;  James  B.  Grin- 
ter,  certificate. 

Best  Mule,  two  years  old  and  upward,  eight  entries,  K.  C.  Mason,  premium;  F.  D.  Gill,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  B.  K.  Tully,  premium;  Reuben  Younger, 
certificate. 

Mule  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  seven  entries,  L.  H.  Ferguson,  premium;  G.  P.  Ewing,  cer- 
tificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  451 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward,  three  entries,  Sam.  Byram  of  Robertson  county,  Tenn., 
premium;  A.  M.  McLean,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  one  entry,  B.  F.  Ray,  premium. 

Jack  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Tully,  premium;  David  King,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jennets,  three  years  old  and  upward,  four  entries,  Henry  B.  Tully,  premium;  David  King, 
certificate. 

Jennets,  two  years  old  and  under  five,  three  entries,  R.  C.  Bowling,  premium;  B.  F.  Ray, 
certificate. 

Jennets,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Henry  B.  Tully,  premium. 

Jennet  Colt,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Tully,  premium;  Henry  B.  Tully, 
certificate.  « 

SPECIAL    RING. 

The  most  graceful  display  of  Horsemanship,  twenty -one  entries,  William  V.  Boyer,  of  Miss., 
premium;  A.  J.  Brown,  of  Todd,  certificate. 

Best  Span  of  Horses,  three  entries,  John  King,  premium;  L.  W.  Bourne,  of  Todd,  certifi- 
cate. 


NELSON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Bardstown,  Nelson  County,  Oct.  21,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Esq.  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society: 

Dear  Sir:  Your  circular  of  June  last  has»just  been  handed  to  me  by  Hon.  C  A.  Wicfc- 
lifFe,  to  whom  it  was  addressed,  with  the  request  that  I  would  answer  it.  I  regret  that  the 
time  is  so  short  that  I  cannot  give  it  that  attention  that  it  deserves. 

Under  a  charter  of  the  last  Legislature,  an  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was 
organized  in  this  county  in  May,  1856.  The  association  purchased  twelve  acres  of  land,  and 
have  improved  it  by  erecting  an  amphitheatre,  stables,  pens,  cottage,  digging  wells,  &c,  at  a 
cost  of  about  $9,000.  Two  Fairs  have  been  held,  both  of  which  were  highly  creditable.  It  is 
under  the  supervision  of  a  President,  three  Vice  Presidents,  and  fifteen  Directors,  who  are 
elected  annually  by  the  Stockholders  on  the  2nd  Monday  in  May. 

I  enclose  you  by  to-day's  mail  a  list  of  premiums  awarded  at  the  last  Fair. 

We  have  no  minerals,  rocks.  &c,  that  we  could  now  send  you,  but  hope  to  b«  able  to  do  80 
by  another  fear.  Any  plants,  seeds,  &c,  that  you  could  send  us  would  be  most  thankfully  re- 
ceived. 

Yours  Respectfully, 

WILLIAM  JOHNSON,  Secretary. 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 
Felix  G.  Murphy,  President;  A.  C.  Wilson,  Wilson  Samuels,  E.  L.  Miles,  Vice  Presidents; 
Jo.  Brown,  James  Maxwell,  M.  R.  Yewell,  G.  W.  Forman,  Thomas  S.  Speed,  C.  P.  Mat- 
tingly,  Abner  King,  William  Hunter,  James  Minor,  Miles  Hagan,  William  Sutherland,  Isaac 
Miller,  E.  L.  Davison,  J.  W.  Burton,  Directors;  L.  McKay,  Jr.,  Treasurer;  William  Johnson, 
Secretary. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  NELSON  COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHAN- 
ICAL ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857, 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'  manufactures. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards, $5  00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards, 5  00 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards,            -• 3  00 

Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Plaid  or  striped  Linsey,  ten  yards,       .-..—.--.-  3  00 

White  Flannel,  ten  yards, -         -  3  00 

Woolen  Carpet,  ten  yards, 500 


452  REPORT  OF  THE 

Rag  Carpet,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Linen  Diaper,  ten  yards,             3  00 

Woolen  Hose,  one  pair, 1  00 

Woolen  Half  Hose,  one  pair, 1  00 

Blankets,  one  pair,     -         -         - -  5  00 

,  Needle-work,  cotton  or  thread, 5  00 

Worsted  Embroidery, 5  00 

Silk  Embroidery, 5  00 

White  Counterpane, 5  00 

Cotton  Quilt  Patch  work, 5  00 

Woolen  Quilt  Patch-work, 5  00 

Silk  Quilt  Patchwork, 5  00 

China  Fruit  Bowl, 12  00 

All  the  above  work  to  be  strictly  home  made. 

Judges — W.  J.  Robertson,  Washington;  Mrs.  Chas.  Grundy,  Washington;  D.  Phillips,  Ma- 
rion; L.  M'Kay,  Nelson;  Chas.  Haydon,  Nelson;  J.  B.  Hackley,  Nelson;  Mrs.  Nancy  Allen, 
Nelson;  Mrs.  E.  L.  Miles,  Nelson;*  Mrs.  S.  C.  Bealmear,  Nelson;  Mrs.  Alfred  Bodine,  Nel- 
son. 

TLEASURE    CARRIAGES. 

Best  Carriage,            10  00 

Beet  Rockaway, -        -        -  10  00 

Best  Top  Buggy,        -        -        -        - 10  00 

Best  Open  Buggy, 10  00 

Judges — W.  R.  Shepherd,  Louisville;  I.  F.  Stone,  Louisville;  S.  B.  Thomas,  Hardin;  J.  M. 
Doom,  Bullitt;  Wm  Sisco,  Nelson;  Owen  Ruble,  Nelson. 

HARNESS  AND  SADDLERY. 

Set  of  Double  Harness, 8  00 

Set  of  Single  Harness, 5  00 

Man's  Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Ladies'  Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Judges — Thos.  Craycraft,  Washington;  Wm.  Casey,  Washington;  Haden  E.  Stone,  Nelson; 
H.  Bridwell,  Nelson;  Thos.  Newman,  Nelson. 

CABINET    WORK. 

Bedstead, 10  00 

Dressing  Bureau, 5  00 

Centre  Table, 5  00 

Pair  Sociables, 5  00 

Ladies'  Work  Table, 5  00 

Six  Chairs,          -----                  5  00 

Rocking  Chair, -         -  5  00 

Judges — H.  McElroy,  Washington;  John  Bedford,  Washington;  John  Dyer,  Larue;  J.  H. 
Talbott,  Nelson;  L.  McKay,  Nelson. 

BOOTS,    SHOES    AND    LEATHER. 

Men's  Fine  Boots,  pair, -        -  2  00 

Ladies'  Fine  Boots,  pair,             1  00 

Men's  Fine  Shoes,  pair, 1  00 

Men's  Coarse  Shoes,  pair, 1  00 

Ladies'  Fine  Shoes,  pair, 1  00 

Sole  Leather,  side, 2  00 

Skirting  Leather,  side, 2  00 

Harness  Leather,  side,        -:..-. 2  00 

Upper  Leather,  side, 2  00 

Kip  Skins,  six,            -                  2  00 

Calf  Skins,  six, -                  ....  2  00 

Judges — A.  Hamilton,  Washington;  J.  M.  Doom,  Bullitt;  W.  H.  Doom,  Nelson;  D.  J. 
Wood,  Nelson;  D.  Auld,  Nelson;  F.  Troutman,  Nelson;  Ben.  Thornsberry,  Nelson. 

DAIHV. 

Butter,  five  pounds, 1  00 

Cheese,  five  pounds, 1  00 

Ham,  boiled  or  baked, ? 1  00 

Saddle  of  Mutton,  cooked, 1  00 

Wheat  Bread,  one  loaf, 1  00 

Corn  Bread,  one  loaf, -         -         -         -  1  00 

Syrup  of  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  one  gallon, 3  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  400 

Cider,  six  bottles, -        -        -        -  2  00 

Kentucky  Wine,  six  bottles, 5  00 

Judges — John  Raine,  Jefferson;  Isaac  Everett,  Jefferson;  Rev.  F.  Chambige,  Nelson;  Rev. 
J.  V.  Cosby,  Nelson;  W.  W.  Metcalfe,  Nelson;  R.  J.  Browne,  Washington. 

FRUITS,    MELONS    AND   VEGETABLES. 

Fruits,  best  display,  good  varieties, 5  00 

Best  Watermelon, 1  00 

Best  Muskmelon, 1  00 

Best  Cantelope, 1  00 

Vegetables,  best  display,    -                                    5  00 

Judges — H.  P.  Bryam,  Jefferson;  Edwd.  D.   Hobbs,  Jefferson;  J.   Brumfield,   Boyle;  Sam. 
Haycraft,  Hardin;  W.  R.  Grigsby,  Nelson.  * 

POULTRY. 

Turkeys,  pair, 1  00 

Geese,  pair, 1  00 

Ducks,  pair, i  00 

Chickens,  large  kind,  pair, 1  00 

Chickens,  game,  pair, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Chickens,  of  any  kind, 1  00 

Best  display  of  Poultry,      ....                  5  00 

Judges — Wm.  T.  Samuels,  Hardin;  C  E.  Nourse,   Hardin;  W.  Curry,  Mercer;  Haden  E. 
Stoue,  Nelson;  B.  A.  Wilson,  Nelson. 

FARMING    IMPLEMENTS. 

Four  horse  Wagon, 10  00 

Two  horse  Wagon, 5  00 

One  horse  Cart, -         -         -         -  5  00 

Cutting  Box, 2  00 

Grain  Fan, 5  00 

Hay  Rake,        -                          -        - 2  00 

Two-horse  Plow, -         -  5  00 

One  horse  Plow, 3  00 

Harrow, 3  00 

Cultivator,          - 3  0© 

Harvesting  Cradle, 2  00 

Corn  Coverer,             2  00 

Corn  Crusher,                                10  00 

Clover  Seed  Hulling  Machine, 5  00 

Wheat  Drill, 5  00 

Plan  for  Farm  Gate, - 3  00 

Judges. — J.  Timmons,  Louisville;  Innis  Wooten,  Spencer;  A.  Goodin,  Larue;  Jno.  White- 
head, Nelson;  F.  Merrifield,  Nelson. 

1  AGRICULTURAL    PRODUCTS. 

Wheat,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Oats,  one  bushel,        -         -         -         - 1  00 

Rye,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Barley,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Corn  Meal,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Irish  Potatoes,  half  bushel,         -.-... 1  00 

Sweet  Potatoes  or  Yams,  half-bushel, 1  00 

Corn,  for  bread,  fifty  ears,           - 1  00 

Corn,  for  stock,  fifty  ears,           - 1   00 

Corn,  for  hominy,  fifty  ears,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -                   -  100 

Flour,  one  barrel,       - 5  00 

Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  one  dozen  best  stalks, 1  00 

Judges — S.  Grundy,  Washington;  Geo.   Clements,  Washington;  Ben.  Crow,   Bovle;  Wm. 
Elliott,  Nelson;  Henry  Harned,  Nelson;  F.  B.  Grundy,  Nelson;  Aaron  Bryant,  Nelson. 

SECOND  DAY. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  over  twelve  months  old, 5  00 

Boar,  over  six  and  under  twelve  months  old, 5  00 

Boar,  under  six  months  old,                 -       .  -        -        -        ........  5  00 

Sow,  over  twelve  mouths  old, 5  00 

Sow,  over  six  and  under  twelve  months  old, 5  00 

Sow,  uuder  six  months  old, 5  00 

Judges — James   Phillips,  Marion;  Ben.  Spalding,  Marion;  Ben.  Piles,  Washington;  Daniel 
Hughes,  Washington;  A.  Beard,  Nelson;  John  Johnson,  Nelson. 


454  REPORT  OF  THE 

SHEEP — LONG    WOOLED. 

Buck,  over  one  year  old, 5  00 

Buck,  under  one  year  old,     ..-.----.--  5  00 

Ewe,  over  one  year  old,  - 5  00 

Ewe,  under  one  year  old,     - 5  00 

MIDDLE    WOOLED. 

Buck,  over  one  year  old,              -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Buck,  under  one  year  old,           ...                  .......  5  00 

Ewe,  over  one  year  old,     ------------  5  00 

Ewe,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Judges — Thomas  R.  Brown,  Washington;  Wm,  M.  Irvin,  Boyle;  D.  W.  Jones,  Boyle;  Jos. 
Miller,  Larue;  Squire  Heady,  Spencer;  Jonathan  Brown,  Nelson. 

WORK    OXEN. 

Best  Yoke  Oxen,                 10  00 

Judges — William  Patterson,  Bullitt;  Jo.  Miller,  Larue;  D.  Everhart,  Marion;  A.  Johnson, 
Nelson;  Ellis  Duncan,  Nelson. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

FivP  head  best  Fatted  Cattle,              -        -        -        -  10  00 

One  head  best  Fatted  Cattle,                10  00 

Judges — Ben.  Montgomery,  Washington;  A.  Vandyke,  Spencer;  E.  L.  Huffman,  Louis- 
ville; Mike  Sweets,  Nelson,  L.  Dragoo,  Nelson. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,             10  00 

Bull,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two,        - 10  00 

Bull,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Bull,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,            ....                  -         -         -  10  00 

Bull,  over  four  years  old,            -         -                 -         -         ...         -         .         .         -  10  00 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,             -----------  10  00 

Cow,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two,                - 10  00 

Cow,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three, -  10  00 

Cow,  ovei  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Cow,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

8WEEPSTAKES    FOR   CATTLE. 

Cows,  any  age, 10  00 

Bulls,  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — I.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle;  W.  L.  Caldwell,  Boyle;  D.  W.  Jones,  Boyle;  Charles 
Grundy,  Washington;  Milton  Rogers,  Washington;  N.  G.  Thomas,  Nelson,  I.  D.  Stone,  Nel- 
son. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,           -         -         - 10  00 

Mare,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two,              -                  ------  10  00 

Mare,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         -  ■ -  10  00 

Mare,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,           -----------  10  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,       ------ 10  00 

Stallion,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,              -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -         -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  over  fours  years  old,              - 10  00 

Judges  —  Elias  Dorsey,  Jefferson;  D.  Heinshon,  Jefferson,  D.  Heath,  Boyle,  S.  B.  Thomas, 
Hardin,  D.  M.  Kelly,  Nelson,  B.  L.  McAfee,  Nelson. 

SADDLE   GELDINGS    AND    MARES. 

Mare,  under  the  saddle,               -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Gelding,  under  the  saddle, 10  00 

Judges — James  F.  Caldwell,  Boyle;  W.  D.  Lancaster,  Marion;  William  Bethel,  Hardin; 
Ben.  Chapeze,  Bullitt;  Edward  Graves,  Nelson;  J.  R.  Jones,  Nelson;  S.  R.  Womack,  Jef- 
ferson. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,     - 10  00 

Stallion,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,              10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  455 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Mare,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,  -         -         -        -         -         --         -         -         -         -10  00 

Gelding  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — J.  S.  Seaton,  Jefferson;  A.  Hikes,  Jefferson;  Peter  Funk,  Jefferson;  K.  C.  Gaines, 
Anderron;  John  Hall,  Shelby;  Elijah  Stone,  Spencer;  R.  M.  Park,  Hardin;  J.  W.  Pash,  Nel- 
son; W.  F.  Lewis,  Nelson. 

HORSES    FOR    ALL  jiVORK. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,               10  00 

Stallion,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Mare,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Mare,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four, 10  00 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,           - -         -         -  10  00 

Judges — W.  W.  Swearmgen,  Bullitt;  A.  Chapeze,  Bullitt;  J.  C.  Bascom,  Washington;  H. 
Vail,  Washington;  John  C.  Brown,  Shelby;  S.  C.  Bealmear,  Nelson;  Dr.  Joshua  Gore,  Nel- 
son; J.  M.  Grume,  Spencer. 

BLOOD    HORSES. 

(No  Pedigree  Required.) 

Mare,  under,  one  year  old,          -                                             10  00 

Mare,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two,              -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three,          -         - 10  00 

Mare,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  over  four  years  old,           .....--..--  10  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  over  three  years  old  and  under  four,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old, 10  00 

Judges — Dr.  G.  Forrest,  Marion;  James  Kirk,  Marion;  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  Wil- 
liam Duke,  Boyle;  James  R.  Hughes,  Washington;  S.  T.  Drane,  Henry;  Geo.  W.  Womack, 
Jefferson. 

1  SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    HORSES. 

Mare,  of  any  age, 10  00 

Stallion,  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — D.  Heath,  Boyle,  S.  Burton,  Boyle;  S.  Roberson,  Green;  W.  B.  Marshall,  Green; 
T.  B.  Mumford,  Hardin;  John  Overall,  Nelson;  W.  S.  Heady,  Nelson. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUMS. 

By  S.  B.  Lewis,  get  of  Ole  Bull,  Horse  Colt  under  one  year  old,         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare  Colt  under  one  year  old,             10  00 

By  Wathen  &  Gwyun,  get  of  Lafayette,  Horse  Colt  under  one  year  old,     -         -  10  00 

Mare  Colt  under  one  year  old,  -                             10  00 

By  Hunter  &.  Murphy,  get  of  Big  Boston,  Horse  Colt  undergone  year  old,           -         -  10  00 

Mare  Colt  under  one  year  old,    ------ 10  00 

By  Minor  &,  Grundy,  get  of  Murdoc,  Horse  Colt  under  one  year  old,          -         -         -  10  00 

Mare  Colt  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Judges — Ben-  Stallard,  Spencer;  Logan  Railey,  W.  F.  Harper,  Woodford;  Milton  Rogers, 
Washington;  W.  D.  Lancaster,  Marion;  Elias  Dorsey,  Jefferson;  S.  P.  Lancaster,  W.  F. 
Graves,  Nelson. 

FOURTH   DAY. 

ASSES. 

Jack  under  one  year  old,      -  10  00 

Jack  over  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Jack  over  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jack  over  three  years  and  under  four,    ... 10  00 

Jack  over  four  years, 10  00 

jennet  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Jennet  over  one  year  and  under  two, 10  00 


456  REPORT  OF  THE 

Jennet  over  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jennet  over  three  years  and  under  four, -         -  10  00 

Jennet  over  four  years, 10  00 

Sweepstake,  Jennets  any  age,     - 10  00 

Sweepstake,  Jacks  any  age,         ..-.-..--.-  10  00 

Judges — Jordon  Peters,  Josiah  Lee,  Boyle;  Elias  Bayse,  J.  Davis,  Spencer,  L.  Malone, 
N.  W.  Howell,  Shelby;  J.  C.  Brown,  Washington;  N.  B.  McClaskey,  Nelson. 

MULES. 

Horse  Mule  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Horse  Mule  over  one  and  under  two, 10  00 

Horse  Mule  over  two, 10  00 

Mare  Mule  under  one  year  old, 10  00 

Mare  Mule  over  one  and  under  two,  -        -        - 10  00 

Mare  Mule  over  two, 10  00 

Premium  by  F.  G.  Murphy,  forget  of  Imported  Charleston,  Horse  Mule  under  1  year,       10  00 
Mare  Mule  under  one  year  old,  ..........       10  00 

Judges— Jo.  Spalding,  Washington;  Alfred  Young, Marion,  Frank  Lee,  Boyle;  Robt.  Scott, 
Lemuel  Stone,  Spencer;  R.J.  Stoner,  Bullitt;  H.  Nichols,  Jos.  Foreman,  John  A.  Mackay, 
Nelson. 

HORSES    AND    MULES    IN    HARNESS. 

Pair  Mules  in  harness, 10  00 

Pair  Mares  in  harness,       - , 10  00 

Pair  Geldings  in  harness, 10  00 

Stallion  under  the  saddle, 10  00 

Stallion  in  harness, 10  00 

Buggy  Mare, 10  00 

Buggy  Gelding, 10  00 

Judges — R.  Atkinson,  H.  Dnncan,  Ben.  Adams,  Jefferson;  S.  B.  Thomas,  Hardin;  J.  R. 
Hughes,  Washington;  W.  D.  Lancaster,  Marion;  J.  A.  Y.  Humphrey,  D.  M.  Kelley,  Nelson. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  Each  day's  exhibition  will  commence  at  9  o'clock,  by  which  time  all  entries  must  be 
made. 

2  Individuals  may  become  members  for  life  by  the  payment  of  $20.  The  payment  of  $5 
makes  a  person  a  member  for  one  year. 

3.  Everything  must  be  exhibited  by  the  real  owner,  and  all  manufactured  articles  must  be 
exhibited  by  the  manufacturer  only. 

4.  Stock  exhibited  in  pairs,  and  taking  a  premium,  cannot  then  be  separated  and  shown 
singly;  nor  can  an  animal  exhibited  singly,  and  taking  a  premium,  then  be  paired  and  ex- 
hibited. 

5.  No  member  shall  compete  for  a  premium  or  enter  the  Fair  Grounds  free  of  charge,  until 
all  dues  are  paid. 

6.  Members  are  requested  to  call  on  the  Treasurer  and  procure  their  tickets  of  admission. 

7.  Non  members  competing  for  a  premium,  will  be  charged  an  amount  equal  to  one  half  the 
premium  to  be  awarded. 

8.  Presidents  and  Secretaries  of  all  Agricultural  Associations,  and  Editors  and  Correspond- 
ents of  newspapers,  are  invited  to  attend,  and  will  receive  complimentary  tickets  by  calling  on 
the  Secretary. 

PRICES  OF  ADMISSION. 

One  hor3e  vehicle  and  driver, $0  50 

Two  horse  vehicle  and  driver, 75 

Two  horse  hack  and  driver  per  day,  - 1  00 

Four  horse  hack  and  driver  per  day,           -                           - 1  50 

Four  horse  omnibus  and  driver  per  day, 2  00 

Each  person  in  any  of  the  above  vehicles, 25 

Man  and  horse, 35 

Footman, 25 

Tickets  must  be  procured  at  the  office,  as  money  will  not  be  received  st  the  gate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


457 


PREMIUMS    AWARDED    AT    THE    NELSON    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL    AND 
MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'  manufactures. 

Fine  Jeans,  Mrs.  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  premimu;  Mrs.  Mary  Bryant,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Negro  Jeans,  Mrs.  Thomas  S.  Speed,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Martin  Miller,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

White  Linsey,  Mrs.  Martin  Miller,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  James  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  certi- 
ficate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  Mrs.  Henry  Hagan,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Martin  Miller,  Nelson,  certifi 
cate. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  E.  B.  Smith,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  Wellington,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  C.  Nichols,  Nelson,  premium. 

Linen  Diaper,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Belmear,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  A.  Miles,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Woolen  Hose,  Mrs.  Wm.  Minor,  Nelson,  premium. 

Woolen  Half-Hose,  Mrs.  David  Irvin,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Charles  Tewell,  Nelson,  cer- 
tificate. 

Blankets,  Mrs.  David  Irvin,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Beam,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Needle  Work,  cotton  or  thread,  Mrs.  Freleigh,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Worsted  Embroidery,  Miss  Jose  Newman,  premium. 

Silk  Embroidery,  Miss  Callie  Coolidge,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  H.  M.  McCarty,  Nelson, 
certificate. 

White  Counterpane,  Mrs.  L.  McKay,  Jr.,  Nelson,  premium,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Belmear,  Nelson, 
certificate. 

Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  S.  G.  Campbell,  of  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Hillery  Dawson,  Nelson,  cer. 
tificate . 

Woolen  Quilt,  Mrs.  H.  W.  McCown,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  H.  Murphy,  Nelson,  certi- 
ficate. 

Silk  Quilt,  Miss  Callie  Coolidge,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Lud.  McKay,  Jr.,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

PLEASURE    CARRIAGES. 

Top  Buggy,  Brown  &  Conway,  Louisville,  premium;  Charles  Y.  Duncan,  Nelson,  certifi 
cate. 

Open  Buggy,  Charles  Y.  Duncan,  Nelson,  premium. 

HARNESS   AND    SADDLERY. 

Set  Harness,  Joseph  Hart,  Bardstown,  premium. 
Woman's  Saddle  and  Bridle,  Joseph  Hart,  premium 

CABINET    WORK. 

Bedstead,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Dressing  Bureau,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Centre  Table,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Sociables,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Lady's  Work  Table,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Set  Chairs,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Rocking  Chair,  F.  G.  Rogers,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

BOOTS    AND   SHOES. 

Men's  Fine  Boots,  W.  W.  Metcalfe,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Ladies'  Fine  Boots,  W.  VV.  Metcalfe,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Men's  Fine  Shoes,  W.  W.  Metcalfe,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Men's  Coarse  Shoes,  W.  W.  Metcalfe,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Ladies'  Fine  Shoes,  W.  W.  Metcalfe,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  Mrs.  T.  A.  Jones,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  C.  Doom,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Cheese,  Mrs.  Ruth  Cartmell,  Nelson,  premium.  » 

Boiled  Ham,  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 

Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  Mrs.  Freleigh,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Loaf  Corn  Bread,  Mrs.  Thomas  S.  Speed,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson, 
certificate. 

Syrup  of  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  Morgan  R.  Yewell,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  T.  Blandford,  Nel- 
son, certificate. 

Kentucky  Wine,  Mrs.  Jo.  Brown,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Fruits,  best  display,  good  varieties,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium;  James  M.  Bishop, 
Nelson,  certificate. 


458  REPORT  OF  THE 

Watermelon,  John  Shoptaugh,  Nelson,  premium;  Pat.  Bowman,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Muskmelon,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium;  George  M.  Barger,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Cantelope,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 

Vegetables,  best  display,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  M.  Foreman,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

poultry . 
Turkeys,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 
Geese,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 
Ducks,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Large  Chickens,  J.  M.  Doom,  Bullit,  premium;  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Game  Chickens,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 
Best  Pair  Chickens,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 
Best  display  Poultry,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelsou,  premium;  J.  M.  Doom,  Bullitt,  certificate. 

FARMING    IMPLEMENTS. 

Two  horse  Plow,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium  and  certificate. 

One  horse  Plow,  R.  G.  Foster,  Nelson,  premium. 

Cultivator,  Brinley  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium;  R.  G.  Foster,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Weeding  Hoe,  Master  Merrime,  Nelson,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTS. 

Rye,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium. 

Orchard  Gras3,  Thomas  S.  Speed,  Nelson,  premium. 

Corn  Meal,  Thomas  S.  Speed,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  M.  Bryant,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Irish  Potatoes,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  John  Unseld,   Nelson,  premium;  Wm.  Hunter,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Corn  for  Bread,  T.  A.  Jones,  Nelson,  premium;  Thomas  S.  Speed,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Corn  for  Stock,  Wm.  E.  Minor,  premium;  Ed.  C.  Clark,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Corn  for  Hominy,  W.  E.  Minor,  Nelson,  premium;  T.  A.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Flour,  Lewis  &  Murphy,  Nelson,  premium. 

Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  Wm.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium;  R.  L.  Wickliffe,  Nelson,  certificate. 

SECOND   DAY. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  one  year  old,  P.  McMakin,  Nelson,  premium;  Nazareth  Institution,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Boar,  six   months  old,  James  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  premium;  George  Barger,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Boar,  under  six  months  old,  John  Overall,  Nelson,  premium;  A.  K.  Cox,  Nelson, certificate. 
Sow,  six  months  old,  J.  M    Bishop,  Nelson,  premium;  George  Barger,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Sow,  under  six  months  old,  A.  K.  Cox,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

SHEEP. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  over  one  year  old,  David  Stallard,  Nelson,  premium. 

Long  Wool  Buck,  under  one  year  old,  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  premium;  Wm.  Johnson, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

Long  Wool  Ewe,  over  one  year  old,  James  Nichols,  Nelson,  premium;  Henry  Nichols, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

Long  Wool  Ewe,  under  one  yeai  old,  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  premium;  Henry  Nichols, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

Middle  Wooled  Buck,  over  one  year  old,  David  Irvin,  Nelson,  premium;  Thomas  S.  Speed, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

Middle  Wooled  Buck,  under  one  year  old,  Joseph  Miller,  Larue,  premium  and  certificate. 

Middle  Wooled  Ewe,  over  one  year  old,  Joseph  Miller,  Larue,  premium;  Joseph  McClasky, 
Nelson,  certificate. 

Middle  Wooled  Ewa,  under  one  year  old,  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  premium  and  certifi- 
cate. 

WORK  OXEN. 

Milton  Rogers,  Washington,  premium;  F.  G.  Murphy,  Nelson,  certificate. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Five  head,  I.  D.  Stone,  Nelson,  premium;  Wilson  Bowman,  Nelson,  certificate. 
One  head,  I.  D.  Stone,  Nelson,  premium;  Jo.  Miller,  Larue,  certificate. 

GATTLE. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  N.  G.  Thomas,  Nelson,  premium;  W.  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull,  one  year  old,  Jo.  Miller,  Larue,  premium;  B.  E.  Montgomery,  Washington,  certifi- 
cate. 

Bull,  two  year3  old,  Thomas  S.  Grundy,  Washington,  premium;  John  Busch,  Washington, 
certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  459 

Bull,  three  years  old,  Wakefield  &  Bascom,  Washington,  premium. 
Bull,  four  years  old,  N.  G.  Thomas,  Nelson,  premium. 

cows. 
Under  one  year   old,  J.  C.  Bascom,  Washington,  premium;  John  T.  Ewing,  Washington, 
certificate. 

One  year  old,  Jos.  Miller,  Larue,  premium;  W.  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Two  years  old,  Milton  Rogers,  Washington,  premium  and  certificate. 

Three  years  old,  Lucertius  Blanton,  Nelson,  premium;  Joe.  Miller,  Larue,  certificate. 

Four  years  old,  Wilson  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Cows,  of  any  age,  Milton  Rogers,  Washington,  premium  and  certificate. 
Bulls,  of  any  age,  N.  G.  Thomas,  Nelson,  premium;  Thomas  S.  Grundy,  Washington,  cer- 
tificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES — MARES. 

Under  one   year  old,  Peyton  M'Makin,  Nelson,  premium;  R.  L.  Thompson,  Washington, 
certificate 
One   year  old,  S.  C.  Grundy,  Washington,  premium;  Josiah  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  Jos.  M'Clasky,  Nelson,  premium;  Nathaniel  Batsel,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  J.  D.  Gilman,  Jeffersen,  premium, 
Four  years  old,  Peyton  M'Makin,  Nelson,  premium;  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 

STALLIONS. 

Under  one  year  old,  J-  A.  Hagan,  Nelson,  premium;  Jonathan  Brown,  Nelson,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  J.  P.  Minor,  Nelson,  premium,  Thos.  Duncan,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  Peyton  M'Makin,  Nelson,  premium;  Benedict  Pash,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  D.  C.  Walker,  Washington,  premium;  F.  R.  Gwynn,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Four  years  old,  Dennis  Nichols,  Lincoln,  premium;  James  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  certificate. 

THREE    YEAR    OLD    SADDLE    GELDING. 

(Premium  by  owners  of  horses  entered.;     Lud.  M'Kay,  Jr.,  Nelson,  premium;  T.  P.  Lewis,. 
Nelson,  certificate. 

SADDLE    MARES. 

N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  N.  B.  M'Clasky,  Nelson,  certificate. 

SADDLE    GELDINGS. 

Stephen  E.  Brown,  Washington,  premium;  J.  A.  Y.  Humphreys,  Nelson,  certificate. 

THIRD  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES — STALLIONS. 

Under  one  year  old,  A.  L.  Tichenor,  Nelson,  premium;  Peyton   M'Makin,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  old,  J.  H.  Hagan,  premium.  Mrs.  Tyler  Wilson,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  J.  H.  Parrot,  Washington,  premium;  A.  Hunter,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  Jas.  A.  Kendall,  Spencer,  premium;  I.  S.  Coomes,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Four  years  old,  D.  M.  Kelly  &  Co.,  Nelson,  premium  and  certificate. 

MARES. 

Under  one  year  old,  R.  B.  Griggsby,  Nelson,  premium;  R.  L.  Thompson,  Washington,  cer- 
tificate. 

One  year  old,  Jas.  H.  Lewis,  Jr.,  Nelson,  premium. 

Two  years  old,  M.  R.  Yewell,  Nelson,  premium. 

Three  years  old,  Elijah  Stone,  Spencer,  premium;  Abner  King,  Nelson,  certificate. 

Four  years  old,  J.  A.  Hagan,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  Tyler  Wilson,  Nelson,  certificate. 

,,  DRAFT    GELDINGS. 

Elisha  Manika,  Nelson,  premium;  Elijah  Stone,  Spencer,  certificate. 

HORSES    FOR    GENERAL    UTILITY — STALLIONS. 

Under  one  year  old,  Jonathan  Brown,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  M.  Bishop.  Nelson,    certificate. 
One  year  old,  Jonathan  Brown,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  H.  Parrot,  Washington,  certificate 
Two  years  old,  D.  L   Gregory,  Jefferson,  premium;  Ben.  Pash,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Three  years  old,  F.  R.  Gwynn,  Nelson,  premium;  T.  A.  Coomes,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Four  years  old,  Ben.  Stallard,  Spencer,  premium;  J.  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  certificate. 

MARES. 

Under  one  year  old,  R.  J.  Stoner,  Bullitt,  premium;  T.  A.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  James  Nichols,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  S.  Barlow,  Washington,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  Ben/  E.  Montgomery,   Washington, 
certificate. 


460  REPORT  OF  THE 

Three  year  old,  Starret  Vittetow,  Nelson,  premium. 

Four  years  old,  N.  L.  Lee,  Boyle,   premium;  W.  F.  Lewis,  Nelson,  certificate. 

BLOODED    HORSES — MARES. 

Under  one  year  old,  F.  G.  Murphy,  Nelson,  premium;  R.  L.  Thompson,  Washington, certifi- 
cate. 

One  year  old,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Milton  Rogers,  Washington,  certificate. 

Two  years  old,  B.  E.  Montgomery,  Washington,  premium. 

Four  years  old,  I.  G.  Johnson,  Nelson,  premium;  P.  McMakin,  Nelson,  certificate. 

STALLIONS. 

Under  one  year  old,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  W.  H.  Jones,  Nelson,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  J.  H.  Parrot,  Washington,  premium;  Thoma3  Duncan,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  Benedict  Pash,  Nelson,  premium. 

Three  years  old,  John  T.  Ewing,  Washington,  premium;  Ignatius  S.  Coomes,  Nelson,  certifi- 
cate. 

Four  years  old,  D.  L.  Gregory,  Jefferson,  premium;  Joseph  Frazier,  Woodford,  certificate. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Mares  of  any  age,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 
Stallions  of  any  age,  James  M.  Bishop,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  T.  Ewing,  Washington,  certifi- 
cate. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUMS. 

By  S.  B.  Lewis,  get  of  Ole  Bull,  Horse  Colt,  Dave  McElroy,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  Mrs.  Coleman,  premium. 

By  Gwynn  &  Wathen,  get  of  Lafayette,  Horse  Colt,  Gwynn  &  Wathen,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  T.  A.Jones,  premium. 

By  Hunter  &  Murphy,  get  of  Big  Boston,  Horse  Colt,  P.  McMakin,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  F.  G.  Murphy,  premium. 

By  Minor  &  Grundy,  get  of  Murdoc,  Horse  Colt,  N.  T.  Lee,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  P.  McMakin,  premium. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

JACKS. 

Under  one  year  old,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium. 

One  year  old,  Lewis  Malone,  Shelby,  premium;  S.  C.  Browne,  Washington,  certificate. 

Four  year  old,  J.  C.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  S.  C.  Browne,  Washington,  certificate. 

JENNETS. 

One  year  old,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium. 
Two  years  old,  F.  G.  Murphy>,  Nelson,  premium. 
Four  years  old,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Jennets  of  any  age,  W.  L.  Tarkington,  Boyle,  premium;  F.  G.  Murphy,  Nelson,  certificate. 
Jacks  of  any  age,  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  Lewis  Malone,  Shelby,  certificate. 

HORSE    MULES. 

Under  one  year  old,  Miles  Hagan,  Nelson,  premium;  Joseph  McClasky,  Nelson,  certificate. 
One  year  old,  E.  C.  Clark,  Nelson,  premium. 

MARE    MULES. 

Under    one   year  old,  Eli  D.  Stone,  Spencer,  premium;  S.  C.  Browne,  Washington,  certifi- 
cate. 
One  year  old,  R.  E.  Mason,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 
Two  years  old,  G.  F.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

For  Mules  of  any  age,  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  S.  C.  Browne,  Washington,  certificate. 

THREE    YEAR   OLD    BUGGY    GELDING. 

[Premium  given  by  owners  of  horses  entered.] 
F.  G.  Murphy,  Nelson,  premium. 
L.  McKay,  Jr.,  Nelson,  certificate. 

PAIR   OF    MULES. 

In  harness,  Geo.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium. 

PAIR   OF   MARES. 

In  harness,  D.  M.  Kelly  &  Co.,  Nelson,  premium;  J.  E.  Lee,  Boyle,  certificate. 

PAIR   OF   GELDINGS. 

In  harness,  N.  T.  Lee,  Boyle,  premium;  D.  M.  Kelly  k  Co.,  Nelson,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  461 

SADDLE    STALLION. 

M.  R.  Henry,  Woodford,  premium;  D.  Nichols,  Lincoln,  certificate. 

STALLION    IN    HARNESS. 

S.  R.  Womack  &  Co.,  Jefferson,  Highland  Messenger,  premium;  Joseph  Frazier,  Woodford, 
certificate. 

BUGGY    MARE. 

J.  B.  Bright,  Woodford,  premium. 

BUGGY    GELDING. 

D.  M.  Kelly  &  Co.,  Nelson,  premium;  S.  R.  Womack,  Jefferson,  certificate. 

FASTEST    TROTTER. 

D.  L.  Gregory,  Jefferson,  premium;  S.  R.  Womack,  Jefferson,  certificate. 


NORTH  KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

NEAR  FLORENCE,  BOONE  COUNTY. 

ICFSee  the  Report  of  this  Society  for  1856,  (page   170  of  this   Report,)  for  a  history  of  its 
organization,  and  proceediugs. 

OFFICERS    OF   THE   SOCIETY,    FOR    1857. 

Washington  Watts,  President;  John  W.  Leathers,  Vice  President;  John  L.  Graves,  Treas- 
urer; William  Bishop,  Recording  Secretary;  T.  Spencer  Fish,  Corresponding  Secretary;  Lot. 

Scott,  Marshal;  John  Barton,  Volney  Dickerson,  H.  T.  Buckner,  Wm.  Moxley.  J.  J.  Sweet- 
nam,  B  W.  Chamblin,  Albert  Price,  C.  T.  Allen,  Samuel  K.  Hays,  Leonard  Stephens,  Julius 
Rouse,  and  Joseph  C.  Hughes,  Directors. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  NORTH  KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  FOR 

1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

WOOLEN  MANUFACTURES. 

Best  ten  yards  fine  Jeans, $  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Negro  Jeans,       -         - 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  White  Linsey,     -         -         -         - -  2  00 

Best  ten  yards  Colored  Linsey,            ..........  2  oo 

Best  ten  yards  Striped  or  Plaid  Linsey, 2  00 

Best  ten  yards  White  Flannel,            '..... 2  00 

Best  ten  yards  Striped  or  Colored  Flannel, 2  00 

Best  Bedspread  or  Coverlet, 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Girting  Carpet, 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Rag  Carpet, 3  00 

Best  Hearth  Rug, 3  00 

Best  pair  Blankets, -500 

Best  pair  Hose,           - 1  00 

Best  pair  Half  Hose, 1  00 

Best  pair  Gloves,        -         - 1  00 

Best  pair  Mitts, 1  00 

Best  Shawl, 3  00 

COTTON  GOODS. 

Best  ten  yards  Twilled  mixed  Cotton, -  3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Twilled  White  Cotton, 2  00 

Best  ten  yards  Plain  White  CottOD,             2  00 

Best  five  yards  Diaper  Cotton,             -                  2  00 

Best  pair  Hose,  Cotton, 1  00 

Best  pair  Half  Hose,  Cotton, 1  00 

WNEM    OOODS. 

Best  ten  yards  Flax  Linen, 3  00 

Best  ten  yards  Tow  Linen, 2  00 

Best  five  yards  Diaper  Linen,     -                  3  00 

Best  Handkerchief, 200 

Best  Cut,  Brown  Thread, 1  00 

Best  Cut,  Bleached  Thread, 1  00 


462 


REPORT  OF  THE 


SILK   GOODS. 

Best  Handkerchief, 2  00 

Best  two  oz  Silk  Thread, 2  00 

Best  pair  Silk  Hose, 2  00 

Best  pair  Silk  Half  Hose, 2  00 

Best  pair  Silk  Mitts,            -         - 1  00 

Best  pair  Silk  Gloves, 1  00 

PLAIN    SEWING,    NEEDLE    WORK    AND   EMBROIDERY. 

Best  suit  Men's  Clothes,  by  tailor, 5  00 

Best  suit  Men's  Clothes,  by  lady, 5  00 

Best  Linen  Bosomed  Shirt,  by  lady,            ...                  .....  3  00 

Best  Linen  Bosomed  Shirt,  by  girl  ten  years  old,        - 2  00 

Best  Silk  Embroidery,  by  lady, -  3  00 

Best  Silk  Embroidery,  by  girl  ten  years  old, 2  00 

Best  Woolen  Embroidery,  by  lady, 3  00 

Best  Woolen  Embroidery,  by  girl  ten  year  old, 2  00 

QUILTS,    <6C. 

Best  Silk  Quilt, 15  00 

Best  Worsted  Quilt, 10  00 

Best  Calico  Quilt, 8  00 

Best  White  Solid  Work, 5  00 

Best  Worsted  Comfort, 3  00 

Best  Calico  Comfort, 2  00 

Best  White  Counterpane,            ...........  2  00 

FANCY   WORK. 

Best  Specimen  Shell  Work, 3  00 

Best  Specimen  Hair  Work, 3  00 

Best  Specimen  Leather  Work,             -         -         - 3  00 

Best  Specimen  Wax  Work, 3  00 

Best  Summer  Bonnet, -------  3  00 

Best  Winter  Bonnet, 3  00 

Pest  Child's  Bonnet, 1  00 

Best  Fly  Brush, 1  00 

WOODEN    WARE. 

Best  Tight  Barrel, 1  00 

Best  Slack  Barrel, 1  00 

Best  Lard  Keg, 1  00 

Best  Churn, 1  00 

Best  Bedstead,             5  00 

Best  Portable  Ward   Robe, 3  00 

Best  half  dozen  Split  Chairs,     -----------  3  00 

Best  pair  Venitian  Blinds,           -         - 3  00 

Best  Refrigerator  or  Ice  Chest, 3  00 

Best  Meat  Safe,          -         - 2  00 

Best  Washing  Machine, 3  00 

Best  half  dozen  Axe  Handles, 1  00 

Best  Sewing  Machine, 5  00 

HARNESS,    BOOTS    AND    SHOES. 

Best  set  double  Carriage  Harness,               - -         -         -  10  00 

Best  set  double  Wagon  Harness,         - 5  00 

Best  set  single  Harness, 5  00 

Best  Saddle  and  Bridle  for  gent, 5  00 

Best  Saddle  and  Bridle  for  lady, 5  00 

Best  pair  fine  sewed  Boots, 3  00 

Best  pair  tine  sewed  Shoes, 1  00 

Best  pair  tine  pegged  Boots, 2  00 

Best  pair  fine  pegged  Shoes, 1  00 

Best  pair  coarse  pegged  Boots,            -                          2  00 

Best  pair  coarse  pegged  Shoes,  -------..-100 

Best  pair  Lady's  Buskins,  by  lady,      -- --100 

Best  pair  Cloth  Gaiters,  by  lady, 2  U0 

Beet  display  Boots  and  Shoes, 3  00 

SILVER,   COPPER   AND   TIN    WAKE. 

Best  display  Silver  Ware, 5  00 

Best  display  Copper  Ware, 3  00 

Best  display  Tin  Ware,      -         -        -         -         -         •         -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


463 


GUNS. 

Best  Rifle, ....  3  00 

Best  Shot  Gun,  general  use, 3  00 

FRUITS. 

Best  Pears, 3  00 

Best  Plums, 2  00 

Best  Q  inces,    -                  1  00 

Best  Grapes, 2  00 

Best  variety  Fall  Apples, 2  00 

Best  variety  Winter  Apples,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Best  variety  Peaches,         ..-...-.---.  3  00 

Best  display  of  Fruits, 3  00 

Best  six  bottles  Native  Wine, -  5  00 

Best  six  bottles  Cider, 2  00 

Best  jar  Brandy  Peaches, 2  00 

FLOWERS. 

Best  display  of  Green  house,  in  pots,          .....--..  5  00 

Best  ten  varieties  Roses,  out, 1  00 

Best  ten  varieties  Dahlias,  cut, 1  00 

Best  six  varieties  Verbenas,  cut,        ..........]    00 

Best  greatest  varieties,      ------------  2  00 

Best  Hand  Boquet  Hardy  Flowers,     ----------  l  00 

Best  Hand  Boquet  Green  house  Flowers, 1  00 

PANTRY    AND    DAIRY. 

Best  cooked  Ham, 2  00 

Best  barrel  Flour, 3  00 

Best  bushel  Corn  Meal, 1  00 

Best  five  pounds  Maple  Sugar, 1  00 

Best  gallon  Maple  Molasses,      ...                  1  00 

Best  five  pounds  Sugar  irom  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,     -------  5  00 

Best  bottle  Molasses  from  Chinese  Sugar  Cane, 5  00 

Best  display  Preserves, .----  3  00 

Best  aisplay  Jellies,  -         -         - 2  00 

Best  displav  Pickles, 2  00 

Best  loaf  Corn  Bread, 1  CO 

Best  loaf  Wheat  Bread, 1   00 

Best  Pound  Cake,  without  icing, 2  00 

Best  Fruit  Cake,  without  icing, 2  00 

Best  Sponge  Cake,  without  icing, 2  00 

Best  Confectioneries,  assorted, -----  2  00 

Best  ten  pounds  Lard,         -         - -         -         -  100 

Best  ten  pounds  Cheese,    -                  -----  3  00 

Best  Ave  pounds  Butter, ....  3  00 

Best  five  pounds  Honey,  1  00 

Best  gallon  Apple  Butter, 1  00 

Best  can  Peaches,  year  old,         ..--.--.-.-  1  00 

Best  can  Tomatoes,  year  old,     -.--..--...  1  00 

VEGETABLES. 

Best  half  dozen  heads  of  Cabbage, 1  00 

Best  half  peck  Onions, ]   00 

Best  half  peck  Parsnips,     -.-...-..-..  1  00 

Best  half  peck  Tomatoes, 1  00 

Best  half  peck  Beets, -         -         -         -         -  1  00 

Best  half  bushel  Sweet  Potatoes, 2  00 

Best  half  bushel  Irish  Potatoes,                    2  00 

Best  half  bushel  Turnips, 2  00 

Best  half  dozen  bunches  Celery, •         •         -         -  1  00 

Best  half  dozen  bunches  Radishes, ...  1  00 

Best  half  dozen  Pumpkins,         - 1   00 

Best  half  dozen  Watermelons, 1   00 

Best  half  dozen  Squashes, 1  00 

Best  half  dozen  Muskmellons,  -                                      1  00 

Best  half  peck  Beans, 1  00 

Best  display  Vegetables, 5  00 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  Turkeys, 1  CO 


464  REPORT  OF  THE 

Best  pair  Ducks, 1  00 

Best  pair  Chickens, 2  00 

Best  display  Poultry, 3  00 

SECOND  DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Best  Bull  three  years  and  over, -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Bull  three  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Bull  two  years  and  under  three, 12  00 

Second  best  Bull  two  years  and  under  three, 5  00 

Best  Bull  one  year  and  under  two,                10  00 

Second  best  Bull  one  year  and  under  two, -         -  5  00 

Best  Bull  under  one  year  old, 6  00 

Second  best  Bull  under  one  year  old, 4  00 

Best  Cow,  three  years  and  over,         -         - -  15  00 

Second  best  Cow,  three  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three, 12  00 

Second  best  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three, 5  00 

Best  Cow,  oue  year  and  under  two, -----  1.0  00 

Second  best  Cow,  one  year  and  under  two, 5  00 

Best  Covr,  under  one  year,           .......                  ....  6  00 

Second  best  Cow,  under  one  year, 4  00 

Best  Milch  Cow, 10  00 

Second  best  Mich  Cow, 5  00 

Best  Yoke  Oxen,  three  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Yoke  Oxen,  two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Best  Bullock,  four  years  and  over,      -         -         -         -         -    '     -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Bullock,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Best  Bullock,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Best  Bullock,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Best  Cow,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  three  years  and  over,           -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Cow,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin,  two  years  and  under  three,          -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Calf,  six  months  or  under, -----  5  00 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Bull, 15  00 

Best  Cow, 10  00 

Best  Fat  Bullock,  Spayed  Heifer  or  Free  Martin, 10  00 

SHEEP. 

Best  aged  Buck,  for  wool, 5  00 

Second  best  aged  Buck,  for  wool, 2  00 

Best  aged  Buck,  for  mutton, 5  00 

Second  best  aged  Buck  for  mutton,             ---------  2  00 

Best  aged  Ewe  for  wool,              ....-------  5  00 

Second  best  aged  Ewe  for  wool,          ----------  2  00 

Best  aged  Ewe  for  mutton, 5  00 

Second  best  aged  Ewe  for  muttou,     -                                    -  2  00 

Best  pair  Lambs, -  5  00 

Second  best  pair  Lambs,              .......--.-  2  00 

Best  four  fat  theep,             5  00 

Second  best  four  fat  Sheep, 3  00 

HOGS. 

Best  Boar,  one  year  old  and  over,       ----------  5  00 

Best  Eoar,  six  months  and  under  oue  year,          --------  4  00 

Best  Sow,  one  year  and  over,      ...........  5  00 

Best  Sow,  six  months  and  under  one  year,           -         - 4  00 

Best  pair  of  Pigs  under  two  months, 5  00 

Best  litter  of  Pigs  under  two  months,                            -    ' 5  00 

Best  five  fat  Hogs,               5  00 

Riding  match  in  couples,  Gent  and  Lady, 20  00 

THIRD  DAY. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,     .---.---.-  15  00 

Second  best  Staliiou,  four  years  and  over,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  465 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 5  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,             -------  4  00 

Best  Stallion,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  under  one  year,         ---------  2  00 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,      -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,      -         -         -         -                  -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,        ---------  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,             -------  5  00 

Best  Mare,  one  and  under  two  years,          ---------  6  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  and  under  two  years,      --------  4  00 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year,        -----------  5  00 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  and  over,     -                                     ------  20  00 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,           -         - 15  00 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,            -         - 10  00 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over, 15  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,           --------  5  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,            -         -         -         -         •         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,       - -  5  00 

Best  Sttllion,  two  years  and  under  three,           --------  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,         -------  3  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,        ---------  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,             -------  2  00 

Best  Stallion,  under  one  year,              ----------  5  00 

Secondbest  Stallion,  under  one  year,          ---------  2  00 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -                 -         -  10  00 

Second  beat  Mare,  four  years  and  over,      ---------  5  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,       ---------  10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,           -         -         -         -■                 -         -  5  00 

Best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,        ....                  ....  5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 3  00 

Best  Mare,  one  and  under  two  years, 5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  and  under  two  years, 2  00 

Best  Mare,  under  one  year,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  Gelding,  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four, -  8  00 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,                      6  00 

Best  Gelding,  one  year  and  under  two,       -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

BROOD   MARES. 

Best  Brood  Mare,  four  years  and  over,       -         -         - -  10  00 

Second  best  Brood  Mare,  four  years  and  over,    -         ......         -         -  5  00 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Best  Stallion  all  use, 15  00 

Best  Mare  all  use, -         -  15  00 

Best  Gelding  all  use, -----  15  00 

FOURTH  DAY. 

HARNESS  HORSES. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over,      - -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over, -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  -         -                  .......  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four, 5  00 

Best  Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three, -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  and  under  three  years,          .....         •         .         .         .  5  00 

Best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,                  ........  5  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two, 3  00 

Best  Stallion,  under  one  year,    ----.......  5  00 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over, -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  and   under  four, 5  00 

30 


466  REPORT  OF  THE 

Be8t  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three, 4  00 

Best  Mure,  one  year  and  under  two, 5  00 

Second  best  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,         ........  3  00 

iBest  Mare,  under  one  year, -         -  5  00 

•  Best  Gelding,  four  years  and  over, -         -         -  20  00 

Best  Gelding,  three  years  and  undc  four,  - 15  00 

Best  Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,    -         -         -         - 10  00 

Best  pair  Matched  Horses,  four  years  old,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -  20  00 

Best  pair  Matched  Horses,  three  years  and  under  four,        -         -         -         -"         -         -  10  00 

Best  pair  Matched  Mares,  four  years  old, -         -                  -  20  00 

Best  pair  Matched  Mares,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

JACK  STOCK. 

Best  Jack,  three  years  and  over,          -         -                  10  00 

Second  best  Jack,  three  years  and  over,      - 500 

Best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,         .........  10  00 

Second  best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,     ........  5  00 

Best  Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,     -         - -         -         -  5  00 

Se(  ond  best  Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,         ........  3  00 

Best  Jack,  under  one  year, 5  00 

Second  best  Jack,  under  one  year,                -                  -  2  00 

Best  Jennet,  three  years  and  over,      ----..-...  10  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  three  years  and  over,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,     -         -•                - 5  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,           -  * 3  00 

Best  Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,          -         -  .       -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two, 2  00 

Best  Jennet,  under  one  year,      -         -         -         -         -         -     '    -         -         -         -         -  5  0U 

MULES. 

Best  Mule,  two  years  and  over,           ■         -                 15  00 

Best  Mule,  one  year  and  under  tw»,'           -        - 10  00 

Best  Mule,  under  one  year  old,           -         -         - 8  00 

Best  pair  Mules  in  Harness,        -      .  -         -     -  -         -                  15  00 

RIDING. 

Best  display  of  Horsemanship  by  Girl,  thirteen  years  blunder,           -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  by  Girl,  thirteen  years  or  under,  *•-         -I 5  00 

Best  by  Boy,  thirteen  or  under, -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  by  Boy,  thirteen  or  under,      -        -        -        -. 5  00 

FIFTH  DAY: 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Best  Threshing  Machine  and  Power, 10  00 

Best  Reaping  Machine, 10  00 

Best  Mowing  Machine, 10  00 

Best  Reaper  and  Mower  combined, 10  00 

Best  Corn  Crusher, 5  00 

Best  Wheat  Fan, 5  00 

Best  Cuttiug  Box, 3  00 

Best  Roller  or  Clod  Masher, 2  00 

Best  Hay  Rake, 3  00 

Best  two  horse  Sod  Plow,  -         - -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best  two  horse  Stubble  Plow, 5  00 

Best  Shovel  Plow, - 3  00 

Be9t  Harrow, 5  00 

Best-Cultivator, 3  00 

Best  Wheat  Drill, 2  00 

Best  Corn  Planter, 1  00 

Best  Portable  Cider  Press, 3  00 

Best'Apparatus  for  cooking  food  for  stock, 5  00 

Best  Pump, 2  00 

Best  Bee  Hive, 3  00 

Best  Farm  Gate, 1  00 

AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTIONS. 

Best  yield  Corn  per  Acre, 10  00 

Best  yiHd  Wheat  per  Acre, 10  00 

Best  yield  Oats  per  Acre,    -        - -        -  5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  467 

Best  yield  Timothy  per  Acre,     -         -         - 5  00 

Best  yield  Clover  per  Acre, 5  00 

Best  yield  Barlev  per  Acre, 5  00 

Best  yield  Irish  Potatoes, 10  00 

Best  one  half  acre  Sweet  Potatoes, 5  00 

Best  bushel  Wheat, 3  00 

Best  bushel  Barlev, 2  00 

Best  bushel  Oats," 2  00 

Bestbus..el  Rve, ' 2  00 

Best  bushel  Yellow  Corn, 2  00 

Best,  bushel  White  Corn, -         -  2  00 

Best  ten  pounds  Leaf  Tobacco, 3  00 

CARRIAGES    ANB    WAGONS. 

Best  four-seated  Carriage,  ----- 15  00 

Best  Top  Buggy, 10  00 

Best  Open  Buggy,      -                                    -  8  00 

Best  two  horse  Spring  Wagon,   -----------  10  00 

Best  one-horse  Spring  Wagon,  -         -         -         - 5  00 

Best  two  horse  Farm  Wagon,     ----- 5  00 

RIDING. 

Best  display  Horsemanship  by  Lady, 30  00 

Second  best  display  Hor»emanship  by  Lady, 20  00 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

1.  The  Exhibition  will  commence  on  each  day  at  10  o'clock,  by  which  time  all  entries  must 
be  made  with  the  Secretary. 

2.  Any  person  whatever  may  compete  for  premiums,  in  any  or  all  the  rings,  free  of  charge 

3.  All  stock  must  be  exhibited  by.  the  owner  or  his  agent,  and  manufactured  articles  by  the 
manufacturer  or  his  authorized  agent. 

4.  All  Agricultural  Productions,  Fruit,  Vegetables,  &c,  by  the  producer. 

5.  No  premium  shall  be  awarded  where  but  one  article  or  but  one  animal  is  exhibited,  un- 
less the  Judges  shall  decide  that  such  article  or  animal  is  highly  worthy  of  a  premium. 

6.  AH  Premiums  from  five  dollars  upwards,  will  be  paid  in  plate— all  under  that  sum  in  coin 
or  plate,  at  the  option  of  the  claimant. 

7.  Persons  desiring  stables  for  stock  6o  be  exhibited  will  be  required  to  pay  fifty  cents  per 
day.  No  charge  made  for  hog  or  sheep  pens.  Feed  of  all  kind3  will  be  furnished  at  the  mar- 
ket price. 

8.  Persons  renting  booths  must  in  all  cases  and  under  all  circumstances  refrain  from  selling 
intoxicating  drinks,  under  the  penalty  of  having  their  booths  closed  and  themselves  ejected 
from  the  grounds. 

9.  That  clause  in  the  charter  subjecting  persons  who  come  into  the  Fair  Grounds  clandes- 
tinely to  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $10  nor  more  than  $25,  will  be  rigidly  executed. 

10.  Tickets  of  admission  can  be  had  at  the  Ticket  Office,  near  the  gate,  also  at  the  office  in 
Florence. 

11.  Sales  at  auction,  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  may  desire  to  dispose  of  stock,  or  other 
articles,  in  that  way,  may  be  made  daily  in  the  amphitheatre  during  recess  for  dinner. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE    NORTH    KENTUCKY    AGRICULTURAL   SOCI- 
ETY, FOR  1857. 

WOOLEN    MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Coarse  Jeans,  Amanda  Crisler,  premium. 
White  Linsey,  James  Avlor,  premium. 
Colored  Linsey,  Mrs.  E.  Hudson,  premium. 
Striped  Linsey,  James  Aylor,  premium. 
White  Flannel,  William  Clore,  premium. 
Plaid  Flannel,  J.  M.  Williams,  premium. 
Coverlet,  Mis3  M.  J.  Coleman,  premium. 
Wool  Carpet,  Mrs.  H.  Henderson,  premium. 


468  REPORT  OF  THE 


Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  J.  Stephens,  premium. 
Hearth  Rug,  Mrs.  B.  W.  Sherrell,  premium. 
Pair  Blankets,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Pair  Hose,  Mrs.  A.  Wait,  premium. 
Pair  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  E.  Gaines,  premium. 
Pair  Gloves,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Pair  Mitts,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Pair  Shawls,  Walker  Wilson,  premium, 

COTTON  GOODS. 

Twilled  Cotton,  Mrs.  George  Brown,  premium. 
Plain  Cotton,  Mrs.  George  Brown,  premium. 
Pair  Hose,  Mrs.  A.  Wait,  premium. 
Pair  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  A.  Wait,  premium. 

LINEN    GOODS. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  George  Brown,  premium. 
Tow  Linen,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Diaper  Linen,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Browu  Thread,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Black  Thread,  Mrs.  George  Brown,  premium. 

SEWING    AND    EMBROIDERY. 

Suit  Clothes  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 
Linen  Shirt  by  Lady,  Miss  M.  A.  Yeager,  premium. 
Linen  Shirt  by  Girl  ten  years,  Mary  E.  McDaniel,  premium 
Silk  Embroidery,  Mrs.  John  F.  Taylor,  premium. 
Worsted  Embroidery,  Adelaide  Potter,  premium. 

QUILTS,  4C. 

Silk  Quilt,  Mrs.  William  Timberlake,  premium. 
Worsted  Quilt,  Mrs.  John  Dills,  premium. 
Calico  Quilt,  Miss  E.  Hume,  premium. 
Worsted  Comfort,  Miss  Eliza  Hudson,  premium. 
Calico  Comfort,  Miss  M.  J.  Hudson,  premium. 
White  Counterpane,  Miss  Kate  Kirtley,  premium. 

FANCY    WORK. 

Shell  Work,  Mrs.  A.  M.   Alexander,  premium. 
Leather  Work,  Melissa  Montague,  premium. 
Wax  Work,  Mrs.  Dr.  Blackman,  premium. 
Fly  Brush,  Mrs.  D.  Westcott,  premium. 

HARNESS,    BOOTS    AND    SHOES. 

Double  Carriage  Harness,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Single  Carriage  Harness,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Double  Wagon  Harness,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Saddle  and  Bridle  for  Gent,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Saddle  and  Bridle  for  Lady,  J.  H.  Perkins,  premium. 
Cloth  Gaiters,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Mary  Clarkson,  premium. 
Buskins,  by  Lady,  Mrs.  Mary  Clarkson,  premium. 

WOODEN    WARE. 

Set  Split  Chairs,  A.  McEwan,  premium. 

Half  dozen  Axe  Helves,  L.  McGlasson,  premium. 

DISPLAY    SILVER  WARE- 

G.  W.  McDannold,  premium. 

FRUITS. 

Pears,  Joseph  Cleveland,  premium. 
Plums,  P.  S.  Bush,  premium^ 
Quinces,  R.  M.  Carlisle,  premium. 
Grapes,  Dr.  Clarkson,  premium. 
Pall  Apples,  R.  McDannold,  premium. 
Winter  Apples,  R.  McDannold,  premium. 
Peaches,  B.  F.  Hills,  premium. 
Display  Fruits,  P.  S.  Bush,  premium. 
Cider,  Mrs.  Wesley  Hoggins,  premium. 
Brandy  Peache9,  Mrs.  M.  A.  Brown,  premium. 

FLOWERS. 

Boquet  Hardy  Flowers,  Fanny  Vaughan,  premium. 
Boquet  Green  House  flowers,  Fanny  Vaughan,  premium-. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  469 

PANTRY    AND    DAIRY. 

Cooked  Ham,  B.  S.  Johnson,  premium. 
Corn  Meal,  Jauies  Tanner,  premium. 
Maple  Sugar,  Lewis  Aylor,  premium. 
Maple  Molasses,  C.  T.  Allen,  premium. 
Molasses  from  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  V.  Dickerson,  premium. 
Display  Preserves,  Miss  M.  J.  Norman,  premium. 
Display  Jellies,  Mrs.  Dr.  Chamblin,  premium. 
Display  Pickles,  Mrs.  F.  B.  Rust,  premium. 
Loaf  Corn  Bread,  Mrs.  Ben.  Norman,  premium. 
Loaf  Wheat  Bread,  Miss  M.  A.  Yeager,  premium. 
Pound  Cake,  Mary  A.  Clarkson,  premium. 
Fruit  Cake,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Foster,  premium. 
Sponge  Cake,  Mrs.  John  Wallace,  premium. 
Confections,  Howell  &  Farrell,  premium. 
Lard,  Mrs.  F.  B.  Rust,  premium. 
Cheese,  Mrs.  A.  Stith,  premium. 
Butter,  Mrs.  Sidney  Dollins,  premium. 
Apple  Butter,  W.  H.  Carpenter,  premium. 
Can  Peaches  two  years  old,  Mrs.  Dr.  Chamblin,  premium- 
Can  Tomatoes,  Mrs.  F.  B.  Rust,  premium. 
Hopey,  George  Brown,  premium. 

VEGETABLES. 

Cabbage,  W.  H.  Carpenter,  premium. 

Onions,  L.  C.  Yager,  premium. 

Parsnips,  Joseph  Hock,  premium. 

Tomatoes,  E.  K.  Fish,  premium. 

Beets,  J  J.  Swetnam,  premium. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  half  bushel,  Thos.  Foster,  premium, 

Irish  Potatoes,  half  bushel,  Wm.  Grubbs,  premium. 

Turnips,  half  bushel,  R.  McDannold,  premium. 

Celery,  Jos.  Hock,  preminm. 

Radishes,  L.  C.  Yager,  premium. 

Pumpkins,  L.  Oakley,  premium. 

Watermelons,  Mrs.  H.  Aylor,  premium. 

Squashes,  Wm.  Brown,  premium. 

Muskmelons,  Lewis  Aylor,  premium. 

Beans,  Albert  Price,  premium. 

Display  Vegetables,  Walker  Wilson,  premium. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  Turkeys,  Squire  Bittiler,  premium. 
Pair  Ducks,  M.  F  Goodridge,  premium. 
Pair  Chickens,  R.  H.  Pace,  premium. 
Display  Poultry,  R.  H.  Pace,  premium. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  and  over,  A.  K.  Gaines,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  Wm.  Snyder,  of  Boone, 
Becond  premium. 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  Charles  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon,  first  premium;  Morgan 
Kin,  of  Boone,  second  premium. 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  A.  Stephens,  of  Kenton,  first  premium;  John    Barton,  of 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,  G.  W.  Ranson,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  George   T.  Gaines,  of 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Cow,  three  years  and  over,  A.  K.  Gaines,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  G.  W.  Ranson,  of  Boone, 
second  premium. 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,  John  Barton,  of  Boone,  first  premium;   B.  F.  Bedinger,  of 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Cow,  one  and  under  two  years,  G.  W.  Ranson,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  J.  S.   Matson,  of 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Cow,  under  one  year,  Wm.  Snyder,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  R.  M.  Carlisle,  of  Kenton,  se 
cond  premium. 

Milch  Cow,  B.  Sudduth,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  J.  C.  Hughes,  of  Boone,  second  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  three  years  and  over,  Owen  Gaines,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  J.  C.  Hughes,  of 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Yoke  Oxen,  two  years   and   under  three,  Edward  Taylor,  of  Boone,  first    premium;  A.  K. 
Gaines,  of  Boone,  second  premium. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Bullock,  four  years  old  and  over,  C.  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon,  premium. 


470  REPORT  OF  THE 

Bullock,  three  and  under  four  years,  C.  T.  Garrard,  of  Bourbon, 'premium. 

Bullock,  two  and  under  three  years,  J.  C.  Hughes,  premium. 

Bullock,  one  and  under  two  years,  Edward  Taylor,  premium. 

Cow,  three  years  and  over,  Heury  Aylor,  Boone,  premium. 

Cow,  two  and  under  three  years,  J.  M.  Rice,  of  Boone,  premium. 

Calf,  under  six  months,  A.  G.  Clarkson,  of  Boone,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Bulls,  C.  T.  Garrard,  premium. 
Cows,  B.  F.  Bedinger,  premium. 
Fat  Cattle,  B.  F.  Hibler,  premium. 

SHEEP. 

Aged  Buck,  for  wool,  J.  J.  Swetnam,  Kenton,  first  premium;  Volney  Dickerson,  Boone,  se- 
cond premium. 

Aged  Buck,  for  mutton,  Elmore  Scott,  Kenton,  first  premium;  Thos.  Rouse,  Boone,  second 
premium. 

Aged  Ewe,  for  wool,  Elmore  Scott,  Kenton,  first  premium;  Fielding  Dickey,  Boone,  second 
premium. 

Aged  Ewe,  for  mutton,  Robert  Scott,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Fielding  Dickey,  Boone,  se- 
cond premium. 

Pair  Lambs,  J.  W.  Hart,  first  premium;  Fielding  Dickey,  second  premium. 

Four  Fat  Sheep,  J.  C.  Hughes,  first  premium;  Fielding  Dickey,  second  premium. 

HOGS. 

Boar,  one  year  and  over,  Reuben  Conner,  first  premium;  Jos.  Jenkins,  second  premium. 
Boar,  six  months  old,  Jos.  Jenkins,  first  premium;  0.  S.  Conrad,  second,  premium. 
Sow,  one  year  and  over,  Jos.  Carpenter,  first  premium;  0.  S.  Conrad,  second  premium. 
Sow,  six  months  old,  Jos.  Jenkins,  first^premium,  0.  S.  Conrad,  second  premium. 
Pair  of  Pigs,  under  two  mouths,  William  Brown,  first  premium;  L.  L.  Youell,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Litter  of  Pigs,  L.  L.  Youell,  first  premium;  Owen  Gaines,  second  premium. 
Five  Fat  Hogs,  Joseph  Jenkins,  first  premium. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  J.  T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Jerry  Glenn,  Boone, 
second  premium. 

Stallion,  three  and  under  four  years,  W.  S.  Herndon,  Kenton,  first  premium;  T.  0.  B.  North- 
cut,  Kenton,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  two  and  under  three  years,  Jos.  Falkner,  Fayette,  first  premium;  S.  C.  Frazier,  Har- 
rison, second  premium. 

Stallion,  one  and  under  two  years,  George  Carlisle,  Kenton,  first  premium;  W.  P.  Balsby, 
Boone,  second  premium. 

Stallion,  under  one  year,  A.  K-  Gaine3,  first  premium;  John  Morehead,  Kenton,  second 
premium. 

SADDLE    MARES. 

Four  years  and  over,  Hope  Redman,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Felix  Burns,  Covington,  se- 
cond premium. 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  T.  J.  Cleaveland,  Kenton,  first  premium;  Ransom  Smith, 
second  premium. 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  Jos.  Lail,  Harrison,  first  premium;  S.  C.  Frazer,  Harrison, 
second  premium. 

Under  one  year  old,  Wm  S.  Conley,  first  premium;  Jas.  Rice,  second  premium  . 

SADDLE    GELDINGS. 

Four  years  and  over,  Lewis  Sanders,  ot  Carroll,  premium. 
Three  and  under  four,  R.  H.  Perry,  of  Kenton,  premium. 
Two  and  under  three,  J.  W.  Lail,  of  Harrison,  premium. 

DRAFT    HORSES- 

Stallions  four  years  and  over,  Hoggins  &  Bradford,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  W.  S.  Dudley, 
second  premium. 

Three  and  under  four,  Hope  Redman,  of  Harrison,  first  premium;  S.  C.  Frazier,  of  Harri- 
son, second  premium. 

Two  and  under  three,  John  P.  Vest,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  N.  B.  Stephens,  of  Kenton, 
second  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  Hope  Redman,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year,  G.  J.  Gaines,  of  Boone,  first  premium;  Wm.  Jarrell,  of  Kenton,  second 
premium. 

MARES. 

Four  years  and  over,  Wm.  W.  Graves,  of  Kenton,  first  and  second  premiums. 
Three  and  under  four,  John  Riley,  first  premium;  Andrew  Glacken,  second  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  47 1 

Two  and  under  three,  George  Riley,  first  premium;  J.  T.  Eubank,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  Armsted  Willis,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year,  John  Barton,  first  premium;  Bleuford  Rice,  second  premium. 

DRAFT    GELDINGS. 

Four  years  and  over,  Hosea  Stillman,  Cincinnati,  premium. 
Three  and  under  four,  G.  J.  Gaines,  premium. 
Two  and  under  three,  R.  M.  Carlisle,  premium. 
One  and  under  two,  O.  S.  Conrad,  premium. 

BROOD    MARES. 

T.  A.  Wilson,  of  Kenton,  premium. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallions  four  years  and  over,  J.  T.  Nichols,  Harrison,  first  premium;  F.  B.  Rust,  of  Boone, 
second  premium. 

Three  and  under  four,  F.  B.  Rnst,  Boone,  first  premium;  Wm.  Garrett,  Woodford,  second 
premium. 

Two  and  under  three,  J.  D.  Carlisle,  Kenton,  first  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  N.  Carpenter,  Boone,  first  premium;  J.  J.  Dulaney,  Boone,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Under  one  year,  J.  O.  Campbell,  Boone,  first  premium;  J.  W.  Duncan,  Boone,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Mares  four  years  and  over,  George  Shoenberger,  Cincinnati,  first  premium;  Geo.  A.  Scott, 
Kenton,  second  premium. 

Three  and  under  four,  Thos.  J.  Shaw,  first  premium;  Bryant  Senour,  second  premium. 

Two  and  under  three,  Volney  Scruggs,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Burns  Arnold,  second  pre- 
mium. 

One  and  under  two,  J.  K.  Williams,  first  premium;  J.  H.  Walton,  second  premium. 

Under  one  year,  S.  P.  Brady,  first  premium;  Wyatt  Webster,  second  premium. 

HARNESS    GELDINGS. 

Four  years  and  over,  George  Creain,  premium. 
Three  and  under  four,  Frank  Robinson,  premium. 
Two  and  under  three,  J.  W.  Cromwell,  premium. 

MATCHED    HORSES. 

Four  years  and  over,  George  Creain,  premium. 
Three  and  under  four,  Joab  Scales,  premium. 

MATCHED   MARES. 

Four  years  and  over,  John  Overmire,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallions,  J.  T.  Nichols,  premium. 
Mares,  George  Shoanberger,  premium. 
Geldings,  John  W.  Cromwell,  premium. 

JACK    STOCK. 

Jacks  three  years  and  over,  W.  D.  Matson,  first  premium;  M.  W.  Graves,  second  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  Harvey  Hicks,  first  premium. 

Under  one  year,  S.  C.  Frazier,  first  premium;  W.  Watts,  second  premium. 

Jennets  three  years  and  over,  John  Burgess,  first  premium;  A.  Stansifer,  second  premium. 

Two  and  under  three,  James  Musselman,  first  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  James  Musselman,  first  premium. 

Under  one  year,  John  Burgess,  first  premium. 

Mule  two  years  and  over,  Phillips  &  Jordan,  premium. 

One  and  under  two,  A.  K.  Gaines,  premium. 

Under  one  year,  Geo.  Youell,  premium. 

Pair  Mules  in  Harness,  Phillips  &  Jordan,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Thresher,  Foulds  &  Prague,  premium. 

Combined  Reaper  and  Mower,  W.  P.  Tucker,  premium. 

Corn  Crusher,  W.  P.  Tucker,  premium. 

Hay  Rake,  W.  P  Tucker,  premium. 

Wheat  Fan,  Melendy,  premium. 

Cutting  Box,  N.  Clore,  premium. 

Roller  or  Clod  Masher,  Frank  Tupman,  premium. 

Two-horse  Sod  Plow,  Garrett  &  Cottman,  premium. 

Two  horse  Stubble  Plow,  Garrett  &  Cottman,  premium. 

Shovel  Plow,  Garrett  &  Cottman,  premium. 

Cultivator,  Garrett  &  Cottman,  premium. 


472  REPORT  OF  THE 

Cider  Press,  F.  D.  White,  premium. 

Apparatus  for  cooking  food  for  stock,  Hedges,  Free  &  Co.,  premium. 

AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTS. 

Bushel  Wheat,  S.  W.  Hudson,  premium. 

Bushel  Barley,  Wilson  Harper,  premium. 

Bushel  Oats,  James  Shaw,  premium. 

Bushel  Rye,  J.  J.  Swetnam,  premium. 

Bushel  White  Corn,  T.  J.  Cleveland,  premium. 

Bushel  Yellow  Corn,  J.  J.  Carpenter,  premium. 

Leaf  Tobacco,  Lewis  Aylor,  premium. 

Acre  Wheat,  James  C.  Lemon,  Scott,  fifty  one  bushels  and  eight  pounds,  premium. 

Acre  Barley,  R.  H.  Perry,  Kenton,  forty  eight  bushels,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,  M.  P.  Balsley,  Boone,  two  hundred  and  sixty-seven  bushels,  premium. 

CARRIAGES  AND  WAGONS. 

Four  seat  Carriage,  I.  Bruce  &  Co.,  premium. 

Top  Buggy,  S.  Glassford,  premium. 

Open  Bug*gy,  S.  K.  Hays,  premium. 

Two  horse  Spring  Wagon,  D.  C.  Shotts,  premium. 

One  horse  Spring  Wagon,  Phillips  &  Cregar,  premium. 

Two-horse  Farm  Wagon,  Phillips  &  Cregar,  premium. 

RIDING    MATCH. 

Miss  Helen  Murphy  and  J.  R.  Warnock,  premiums. 

Girl  thirteen  years,  Bettie  Graves,  first  premium;  Phoebe  Kendall,  second  premium. 
Boy  thirteen  years,  Wm.  S.  Clarkson,  first  premium;  Elihu  Hogan,  second  premium. 
Lady,  Fannie  Carter,  first  premium;  second   premium    divided    between  Miss  Eliza  Riddell 
and  Miss  Fannie  Montague. 


NORTH    KENTUCKY    AGRICULTURAL   AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION  OF 
MASON,  LEWIS,  AND  FLEMING  COUNTIES. 

O"  Only  the  name's  of  the  Officers  and  the  Premium  List  of  this  Association,  for  1857, 
have  been  furnished  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Kentucky  State  Society.  This 
he  regrets,  as  it  would  have  been  very  desirable  to  have  had  a  list  of  the  Premiums  awarded. 

Officers  of  the  Association,  for  1857. — George  L.  Forman,  President;  H.  J.  Darnall, 
Mark  Wallingford,  and  John  S.  Wells,  Vice  President-;  Richard  C.  Durrett,  Joseph  Forman, 
Sen.,  Charles  E.  Dimmitt,  John  B.  Poyntz,  Geo.  W.  Wells,  Geo.  S.  Fleming,  E.  E.  Pearce, 
John  T.  Wood,  T.  J.  Walker,  Directors;  Sam.  W.  Owens,  Recording  Secretary;  Thomas  A 
Curran,  Corresponding  Secretary;  Robert  A.  Cochran,  Treasurer,  Robert  Humphreys,  Mar 
sbal. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  NORTH  KENTUCKY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANI- 
CAL ASSOCIATION  OF  MASON,  LEWIS,  AND   FLEMING  COUNTIES. 

CLASS   A.— MECHANICAL. 

agricultural  implements. 

Stump  Extractor,         -                                             $25  00 

Reaping  Machine, 20  00 

Threshing  Machine, 15  00 

Plow  for  sod,        -                 ....                   5  00 

Shovel  Plow, 3  00 

Plow  for  all  purposes,         ............  5  00 

Double  Shovel  Plow, 2  00 

Cultivator, 3  00 

Grain  Drill,                 -         -        I 7  00 

Corn  Planter, 1  00 

Hemp  Break, 3  00 

Cutting  Box, 5  00 

Fanning  Mill, 3  00 

Hay  Rake, 3  00 

Bee  Hive, 3  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  473 

Hemp  Hook, 1  00 

Corn  and  Cob  Crusher, 4  00 

Judges— Gen.  T.  M.  Forman,  Francis  Pogue,  William  Downing,  Alex.  Calhoun,  and  Joseph 
Dudley. 

CARRIAGES,    WAGONS,    &C. 

Two  horse  Carriage, 10  00 

One  horse  Buggy, 7  00 

Four  or  Mx-horse  Wagon, 10  00 

Two  horse  Wagon, 5  00 

Ox  Cart, 3  00 

Dray, 3  00 

Judges— F.  I.  BoliDger,    Mason;  Col.  Robert  Means,  Lewis,  and  Henry  F.  Cromwell,  Cyn- 
tbiana. 

CABINET  WARE. 

Sofa, ....  3    00 

Bureau, 3  00 

Ottoman,             -     .    -                  3  00 

Common  Table, 3  00 

Centre  Table, 3  00 

Bedstead, 3  00 

Judges — John  Cochran,    Flemingsburg;  Daniel    L.  Dobyns,  Mason,  and  Andrew  Mitchell, 
Mays  vi  lie 

COOPERAGE. 

Tierce,       -         - 2  00 

Pork  Barrel, 2  00 

Flour  Barrel, 1  00 

Lard  Keg, 1  00 

Exhibition  of  Pine  or  Cedar  Ware, 2  00 

Judges — A.  Doniphan,  Germantown;   Wm.  H.  Parker,   Dover,  and  Hanson  Newell,  Mays- 
ville. 

SADDLERY  AND  HARNESS. 

Gentleman's  Saddle, 5  00 

Ladv's  Saddle, 5  00 

Set  of  Double  Harness, 5  00 

Set  of  Single  Harness, 3  00 

Draught  Collar, 1  00 

Judges — L.  C.  Coulter,  Mayslick;  J.  P.  Fant,  Poplar  Plains,  and  T.  K.  Ricketts,  Maysville. 

BOOTS    AND    SHOES. 

Pair  Gent's  fine  Boots, 3  00 

Pair  Gent's  Kip  Boots, 2  00 

Pair  Ladies'  Gaiters, 2  00 

Pair  Ladies'  Slippers, 1   00 

Pair  Gent's  Embroidered  Slippers,     -                                             2  00 

Judges — Jacob  Longnecker,  Mayslick;  John  Menicks,  Poplar  Plains,  and  S.  S.  Miner,  Mays- 
ville. 

gentlemen's  clothing. 

Cloth  Cloak, 5  00 

Overcoat, 5  00 

Frock  or  Dress  Coat,          -         -                  5  00 

Pair  Pants, 2  00 

Vest. 2  00 

Shirt, 1   00 

These  articles  to  be  judged  by  the  workmanship,  and  not  by  the  material. 

Judges  —  Amos  Cutter  and  William  Menderson,  Maysville,  and  Leroy  Kennard,  Mt.  Car- 
mel. 

leather. 

Side  of  Sole  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Harness  Leather,  -                                    2  00 

Side  of  Bridle  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Skirting  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Upper  Leather, 2  00 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins, 2  00 

Half  dozen  Sheep  Skins, 2  00 

Judges — Hugh  Mcllvain,  Mayslick;  George  Doniphan,  Augusta,  and  David  Cooper,  Poplar 
Plains. 


474  KEPORT  OF  THE 

CLASS  B. 

PRODUCTS    OF   THE    SOIL. 

Best  100  pounds  water  rotted  Hemp, 5  00 

Best  10  i  pounds  dew  rotted  Hemp,      -                                    3  00 

Best  sample  of  Wheat, 2  00 

Best  sample  of  Rye. 2  00 

Best  sample  of  Barley,        -         --.'••*         ' 2  00 

Best  sample  of  oats, -  1  00 

The  above  samples  are  not  to  be  less  than  one  bushel. 

Best  half  dozen  Cabbages, 1  00 

Best  sample  of  corn  in  the  Ear, 100 

Best  sample  of  Timothy  Seed,             1  00 

Best  bushel  of  Sweet  Potatoes, 1  00 

Best  bushel  of  Irish  Potatoes,               100 

Best  peck  Tomatoes,           - 1  00 

Best  half  bushel  Onions,  different,  varieties, 1  00 

Best  half  dozen  Watermelons,             -         - 2  00 

Judges — Robert  Bedford,  Lewis;  James  B.  Claybrooke,  Mason;  and  John  T.  Walker,  Flem- 
ing. 

FRUITS. 

Best  selection  of  Winter  Apples, -         -         •         -  2  00 

Best  selection  of  Summer  and  Fall  Apples,                  - 2  00 

Best  selection  of  Pears,               - 2  00 

Best  selection  of  Peaches, 2  00 

Best  Selection  of  Cherries,         - 100 

Best  selection  of  plums,     -- ---100 

Best  selection  of  Gooseberries,           -                                             1  00 

Best  selection  of  Grapes, -  2  00 

Judges — Charles  A.  Marshall,  Mason;  Simon  Doyal,  Lewis;  and  Dr.  Lowery,  Elizaville. 

WINES. 

Best  four  bottles  Native  Wine, 3  00 

Best  four  bottles  Domestic  Wine, 3  00 

Judges — Dr.  J.  T.  Bradford,  Augusta;  Sellman  Key,  Washington;  Charles  L.  Faber,  Lewis; 
Capt.  Thos.  M.  Donovan,  Maysville;  and  William  P.  Lindsay,  Mason. 

FLOWERS. 

Best  collection  of  Flowers  of  different  varieties, 2  00 

Best.  Boquet  of  Cut  Flowers,      ... 2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Henry    Waller,  Mason;  Mrs.    W.  C.    Marshall,  Augusta;  Mrs.    Benj.  Harbe- 

Boii,  Flemingsburg;  Mrs.  Charles  M.  Dodson,  Maysville;  and  Miss  Mary  P.  Durtett,  Wash- 
ington. 

TOBACCO. 

Best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  Cigar  Wrappers,           -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  all  purposes         -                  ------  10  00 

Judges — W.  W,  Baldwin,  Maysville;  A.  J.  Whipps,  Germantown;  and  Daniel  Fizer,  Flem- 
ingsburg. 

Persons  wishing    to  compete   for  the  prizes  for   Tobacco,  will  notify  the  Secretary.  H.  J. 

Hickman  and  C.  G.  Cady,  of  Maysville,  have  been  appointed  Inspectors,  and  will  sample 
the  hogsheads  submitted  for  the  prize.  Samples  to  be  exhibited  in  Maysville,  on  the  2nd 
Monday  in  April,  1858,  at  which  time  the  prize  will  be  awarded. 

CLASS  C  —  HOUSEHOLD- 

DAIRY    PRODUCTS. 

Best  four  pounds  Butter, -  2  00 

Best  Cheese,                2  00 

Judges, — Mrs.  A.  M.  Tureman,  Maysville;  Mrs.  John  Pickett,  Fleming;  Mrs.  John  Curtis, 
Mason;  and  Mrs.  Susan  M.  Blanchard,  Mason. 

PRESERVES    AND    PRESERVING. 

Best  display  of  Preserves,  four  jars  or  more,                -------  3  00 

Plan,  in  writing,  for  preserving  fresh  Fruit   upon    the   hermetical  sealing  principle; 

specimen  to  accompany  plans, -         -  5  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Augustine  C.  Owens,  Lewis;  Mrs.  Lucretia  Fox,  Dover;  Mrs.  Baldwin  C. 
Foxworthy,  Fleming;  and  Mrs.  James  Dudley,  Flemingsburg. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Best  specimen  of  Jeans,     -         - 4  00 

Best  specimen  of  Flannel, 3  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  475 

Best  specimen  of  White  Linsey, 3  CO 

Best  specimen  of  Striped  Linsey,       ----------  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Wool  Carpet, 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Rag  Carpet,             -  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Flax  Linen,              3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Tow  Linen,              3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Table  Cloth, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Silk  Goods, 3  00 

Best  one  dozen  double  and  twisted  Yarn, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Wool  Socks, • 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Wool  Stockings, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Silk  Stockings', -         -  1  00 

Bost  pair  of  Gloves  or  Mittens, 1   00 

Best  Hearth  Rug,  home  made, 2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Robert  Means,  Lewis;  Mrs-  A.  Wood,  Lewis;  Mrs.  Elisha  Fitch,  Fleming; 
Mrs.  Charles  Humphreys,  Mason;  and  Mrs.  Reuben  Hefflin,  Mason. 

BED    COVERS. 

Best  Silk  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Worsted  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Counterpane, 5  00 

Best  White  Cotton  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Patch  Work  Quilt,      -                  5  00 

Best  pair  of  Blankets, 5  00 

WORK    MADE    BY    MISSES    UNDER   TWELVE    YEARS. 

Best  Patch  Work  Quilt,               3  00 

Best  Ornamental  Bed  Spread,              -         -         -         -  3  00 

Judges — Mrs.  John  Lee,  Mason;  Mrs.  William  Hull,  Lewis;  Mrs.  E.  P.  Lee,  Mason;  Mrs. 
George  W.  Wells,  Mason;  and  Mrs.  Dr.  Cartmell,  Washington. 

NEEDLE  WORK. 

Best  Embroidery  on  Lace, 2  00 

Best  Embroidery  on  Muslin, -         -         -         -  2  00 

Best  Embroidery  with  Worsted, 5  00 

Best  Silk  or  Velvest  Bonnet,               3  00 

Best  Lady's  Cloak,              3  00 

Best  Worsted  worked  Piano  Cover,              3  00 

Best  Worsted  Table  Cover, 2  00 

Best  Ottoman,             2  00 

Best  Chair  Cover, 2  00 

Best  Group  of  Flowers,               .......         ....  2  00 

Best  Linen  worked  Lady's  Cape  or  Handkerchief, 2  00 

Best  Linen  worked  Lady's  Collar, 2  00 

Best  Embroidery  with  Silk, 3  00 

Best  Crochet  Work, 1  00 

Best  Pellis  Work, 2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Charles  E.  Dimmitt,  Mason;  Mrs.  J.  A.  Rowland,  Lewis;  Mrs.  T.  L.  Hamer, 
Germantown;  Mrs.  Samuel  Forman,  Minerva;  Mrs.  Dr.  Logan,  Poplar  Plains,  and  Mrs.  S. 
W.  Owens,  Maysville. 

WAX    AND    SHELL    WORK,    AC. 

Best  specimen  of  Shell  Work, 2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Wax  Work, 2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Artificial  Flowers, 2  00 

ARTISTICAL. 

Best  Painting  in  Oil, 3  00 

Best  Painting  in   Water  Colors,           -          - 3  00 

Best  Drawing  in  Pencil, 2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Daguerrean  Art,              .........  3  00 

Judges— Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Curran,  Maysville;  Mrs.  Dr.  Paddock,  Maysville;  Mrs.  W.  S. 
Rand,  Mason;  Miss  Anna  Belle  Tureman,  Maysville;  Miss  A.  Clarke,  Mayslick;  Miss  Nancy 
S.    Wallingford,  Lewis 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Best  three   Hams  of  Bacon,  one  of  which   must  be  boiled — accompanied  by    written 

statement  of  the  curing  process,      --.-.-...-5  00 

Best   specimen  of  Cucumber  and  other  Pickles,  accompanied  by  written  statement  of  the  in- 
gredients, quantities,  &c,  used  in  preparing  them, 2  00 

Best  specimen  five  pounds  Lard,         ..........  1  00 

Best  barrel  S.  F.  White  Wheat  Flour, 3  00 


476  REPORT  OF  THE 

Judges — Col.  L.  B.  Goggin,  Washington;  C.  W.  Owens,  Washington;  and  A.  H.  Pollitt, 
Lewis. 

Best  American  finished  Watch, 5  00 

Best  Case  of  Silver  Ware, 5  00 

Judges — Athelston  Owens,  J.  S.  Gilpin,  and  C.   W.  Owens. 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  of  Brahma  Chickens, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Dorkings,        -         -         -         - -         -         -  2  00 

Best  pair  of  Native  Common,              2  00 

Best  pair  of  Turkies, 2  00 

Best  pair  of  Ducks,             2  00 

Best  pair  of  Geese, -         -         -         -                  -  2  00 

Judges — Arthur  Dobyns,  Dover;  Anthony  Gillgore,  Mason;  Thornton  F.  Marshall,  Au- 
gusta;    Jacob  O.  Phister,  and  George  Cox,  Maysville. 

FEMALE    EQUESTRIANS. 

Best  Female  Equestrian, .- 20  00 

Second  best  Female  Equestrian, 10  00 

Judges — Henry  Johnson,  Mayslick;  Dr.   John  Fleming,  Flemingsburg;  Dr.  John   A.  Kirk 
patiic,  Cvnthiana;    William  A.    Doniphan,    Augusta;  G.  W.    Hamilton,   Brooksville;  A.  K. 
Marshall,  Mason;  and  John  Lashbrook,  Washington. 

CLASS  D—CATTLE. 

FOR    BEEF    OR   MILK. 

Bull,  three  years  old  or  more, 15  00 

Second  best  Bull,  three  years  old  or  more, 5  00 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         ...         .         .         .  3  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          "-         -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,             -         • 6  00 

Second  best  Bull,  under  one  year  old, 3  00 

Cow,  three  years  old  or  more,             -                                             15  00 

Second  best  Cow,  three  yerrs  old  or  more,           - 5  00 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three, -         -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ----------  6  00 

Second  best  Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Heifer  Calf; 6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Heifer  Calf,       -                  3  00 

Judges — Daniel  S.  Bradley,  Mason;  R,  T.  Lindsay,  Bourbon;  John  P.  Savage,  Lewis;  Dr. 
A.  H.  Wall,  Mason;  and  John  W.  McClintock,  Bourbon. 

Alternates — Henry  Smoot,  Mason;  Jesse  Jefferson,  Mason,  Abram  McGowan,  Fleming; 
David  Leminon,  Harrison,  and  Riley  Rout,  Bracken. 

FAT   CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullock,  three  years  old  or  more,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  (JO 

Second  best  Fat  Bullock,  three  years  old  or  more;     -------  5  00 

Fat  Bullock,  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Fat  Bullock,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Fat  Cow  three  years  or  more  old,        - -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  fat  Cow  three  years  or  more  old,     --------  5  00 

Fat  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  fat  Cow  two  years  and  under  three,          -------  3  00 

Judges — Richard  Ueddleson,  Fleming,  Richard  Kirk,  Mason,  John  McDaniel,  Mason,  and 
John  W.  McClintock,  Bourbon. 

Alternates— Wm.  Chanslor,  Mason,  Thos.  Gurney,  Ma3on,  O.  A.  Kendall,  Fleming,  Dan'l. 
Caldwell,  and  David  Hunter,  Mason. 

AYKESHIRE,    ALDERNEYS,    JERSEYS    AND    DEVONS. 

Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Bull  of  any  age,            -         - 15  00 

Second  best  Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Bull  of  any  age,         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Cow  of  any  age,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Cow  of  any  age, 5  00 

Devon  Bull  of  any  age, - 15  00 

Second  best  Devon  Bull  of  any  age, 5  00 

Devon  Cow  of  any  age, 15  00 

Second  best  Devon  Cow  of  any  age, 5  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  477 

Judges — Charles  Marshall,  Fleming;  R.  A.  Alexander,  Woodford;  Charles  T.  Garrard,  Bour- 
bon; and  Henry  Jefferson,  Mason. 

Alternates — YVyatt  Weeden,  Masou;  Robert  Armstrong,  Fleming;  Charles  Humphreys, 
Mason;  James  Artu3,  Mason;  and  Jacob  W.  Rand,   Maysville. 

WORKING    CATTLE. 

Yoke  of  Oxen, 6  00 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen, 3  00 

Judges — Col.  S.  Dimmitt,  Mason;  Wm.  Mitchell,  Mayslick;  Dr.  E.  Logan,  Fleming;  Bene- 
dict Kirk,  Mason;  and  Jeremiah  DeBell,  Lewis. 

Alternates — John  Barker,  Mason;  R.  Todd  Blanchard,  Mason;  Allen  Lander,  Fleming; 
William  Durrett,  and  Eldred  Groves,  Mason. 

CATTLE  FOR  MILK — OPEN  FOR  ALL  BREEDS. 

Milk  Cow, 6  00 

Second  best  Milk  Cow, -         3  00 

Judges — J.  DeBell,    Fleming;  Simon  P.  Carpenter,  Lewis;  Dr.   T.   ML   Moore,    Aberdeen, 

Ohio;  Raul  King,  Harrison;  and  G.  F.  Hickman,  Mason. 

Alternates — James  Curtis,  Mason;  Robert  Coleman,  Bracken;  Dr.    Robt.   Cooper,  Mason; 

Gen.  Crupper,  Bracken;  and  Azariah  Dale,  Lewis. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    CATTLE. 

Bull  of  any  age  or  Breed, ------       10  00 

Cow  of  any  age  or  Breed, 10  00 

Judges — Abram  Renick,  Clarke;  Benj.  Warfield,  Fayette;  George  Bedford,  Bourbon;  Nel- 
son Prewitt,  Montgomery;  and  Dr.  A.  Watts,  Chiliicothe,  Ohio. 

Alternates  —  Henry  Smoot,  Mason;  Wm.  Gill,  Mason;  John  Williams,  Harrison;  Theodore 
Hart,  Fleming;  and  Charles  A.  Marshall,  Mason. 

CLASS  E.— SHEEP. 

SHEEP    FOR    FINE    WOOL. 

Buck  one  year  old  or  over, 5  00 

Sucking  Buck,  3  00 

Ewe  one  year  old  or  over,  -         - 5  00 

Sucking  Ewe,  3  00 

SHEEP    FOR    MIDDLE    GRADES    OF   WOOL 

Buck  one  year  old  or  over,  ----------  5  00 

Sucking  Buck, 3  00 

Ewe  one  year  old  or  over,  ...........  5  00 

Sucking  Ewe,  3  00 

SHEEP    FOR   COARSE    WOOL. 

Buck  one  year  old  or  over, ------  5  00 

Sucking  Buck,             3  00 

Ewe  one  year  old  or  over,           -----------  5  00 

Sucking  Ewe,              3  00 

Judges — William  Forman,  Sardis;  Cleon  Owens,  Mason;  Hon.  Adam  Beatty,  Mason;  Al- 
len Lander,  Fleming;  and  Alpheus  Ruggles,  Lewis. 

Alternates — B tzil  Owens,  Mason;  Benj.  Young,  Fleming;  Seth  Parker,  Lewis;  R.  Todd 
Blanchard,  and  Charles  Smoot,  Mason. 

CLASS  F— SWINE. 

Boar  one  year  old  or  more, ------  5  00 

Sucking  Boar,             3  00 

Sow  one  vear  old  or  more,          -                  ---------  5  00 

Sucking  Sow,              3  00 

Pen  ot  three  or  more  Fat  Hogs, -----  5  00 

Judges — Waller  Small,  Mason;  James  Helm,  Aberdeen,  Ohio;  Saml.  Pollitt,  Lewis. 

Alternates— Walter   Chandler,   Ma3on;    John  T.   Walker,   Lewis;  and  Charles  B.  Coons, 

Maysville. 

CLASS    G.  —  FINE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over,      ...         - 15  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over,          •         -         -         -        •  5  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -                           6  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Stallion,        -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Stallion,              -         - 3  00 


4  i  b  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  over, 15  00 

Secoud  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  over,       --------  5  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       --.-.--  3  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Ma;e,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Mare  Colt,             -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Mare  Colt, 3  00 

Judges — C.  C.  Rogers,    Bourbon;  David  Diltz,  Harrison;  Horace  Benton,  Bourbon;  Tbos. 
Johnson,  Montgomery;  Wm.  L.  Sudduth,  Bath. 

Alternates — Dr.  A.  H.  Pollock,  Bracken;  Alex.  Rader,  Mason;  Lawson  Howe,  Fleming; 
Robt.  Chanslor,  Mason-,  Paul  Best,  Mason. 

HARNESS    HORSES    AND   MARES. 

Pair  of  Matched  Horses  or  Mares  in  harness, -         -  10  00 

Second  best  pair  Matched  Horses  in  harness, 5  00 

Horse  or  Mare  in  single  harness,         -------                  -  10  00 

Secoud  best  Horse  or  Mate  in  single  harness,              -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Stallion  tor  double  or  single  harness,  to  be  shown  in  harness,              -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion  for  double  or  single  harness,  to  be  shown  in  harness,           -         -  ft  00 
Judges — Wm.  Rogers,  Bourbon;  Hickison  Belt,  Fleming;  Jeremiah  Ruggle3,  Lewis;  Thos. 
Daulton,  Maysville;  Jas    B.  Nichols,  Harrison. 

Alternates — Benj.  Preston,  Mason;  Joel  Laytham,  Mason;  Wm.  Graham,  Fleming;  Dr.  J. 
T.  Bradford,  Bracken. 

SWEEPSTAKE. 

Stallion,  of  any  age, -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  of  any  age,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -          -         -         -         -  10  00 

Judges — Henry  Nichols,  Harrison;  W.  W.  Baldwin,  Mason;  Joseph  Downing,  Lexington; 
Paul  Longtnore,  Covington;  C.  C.  Rogers,  Bourbon. 

Alternates — Dr.  A.  Pollock,  Bracken;  J.  C.  Humphreys,  Mason;  T.  L.  Bacon,  Mason,  Fred. 
Weedon,  Mason;  Jas.  McCrell,  Mayslick. 

CLASS  H.— MULES. 

Horse  Mule  two  years  old  and  over,            .........  10  00 

Second  best  Horse  Mule  two  years  old  and  over,         -         -         -         -         •         -         -  5  00 

Horse  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Horse  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Mare  Mule  two  years  old  and  over, -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Mare  Mule  two  years  old  and  over,          .......  5  00 

Mare  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two,     ---------  6  00 

Second  best  Mare  Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two,           ....         -         -  3  00 

Sucking  Mare  Mule, 6  00 

Second-best  Sucking  Mare  Mule, 3  00 

Pair  of  Matched  Mules  in  Harness, 10  00 

Judges — Danl.  Hibler,  Bourbon;  Robert  Coleman,  Bracken;  W.  L.  Sudduth,  Enoch  Smith, 
Montgomery;  Parker  Craig,  Lexington. 

Alternates — Thos.  Botts,  Flemingsburg;  Win.  H.  Hull,  Tollsburg;  James  W.  Ware,  Mays- 
lick;  John  S   Mitchell,  Mayslick;  and  Corbin  Gallagher,  Washington. 

CLASS  J.— HORSES   FOR  ALL  WORK. 

Stallion  three  years  old  or  over,         ..-..---.-  15  00 

Second  best  Stallion  three  years  old  or  over,      --------  5  (10 

Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three,             -         -         -         •         -         -  3  00 

Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two,           ---------  6  00 

Second  best  Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two,        -------  3  00 

Sucking  Stallion, -        .-         -         -         -         -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Stallion, 3  00 

Mare  three  years  old  or  over,     -----------  15  00 

Second  best  Mare  three  years  old  or  over, 5  00 

Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,           - •        -  6  00 

Second  best  Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,        -------  3  00 

Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two,    - 6  00 

Second  best  Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two,  --------  3  00 

Sucking  Mare  Colt,             6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Mare  Colt, 3  00 

Judges — Thos.  Parry,  Washington;  Harvey  Caldwell,  Mayslick;  James  Gault,  Washington; 
Lewis  Tolle,  Lewis;  John  Kennard,  Mason. 

Alternates — L.  Chamberlin,  Maysville;  Judson  J.  Wood,  Washington;  Dennis  Belt,  Flem- 
ing; Benj.  Givens,  Fleming;  and  A.  K.  Bullock,  Orangeburg. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  479 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR   HORSES    OF    ALL    WORK. 

Stallion  of  any  age, 10  (10 

Mare  of  any  age, -         -         -       10  00 

Judges— Augustus  C  Owens,  Lewis;  Gen.  Thomas  M.  Forman,  Mason;  O.  M.  Weedon, 
Mason:  WyattTWeedon,  Mason;  and  Capt   VV.  T.  Walker,  Fleming. 

Alternates — Joseph  Cushman,  Mason;  Charles  Givens,  Bracken;  Peter  Lashbrooke,  Mason; 
Thomas  Calvert,  Mason;  and  J.  De  Bell,  Fleming. 

CLASS  K. 

SADDLE  HORSES  AND  MARE3  TO  BE  SHOWN  UNDER  THE  SADDLE. 

Gelding  for  the  Saddle, ■       10  00 

Second  best  Gelding  for  the  Saddle, 5  00 

Mare  for  the  Saddle, 10  00 

Second  best  Mare  for  the  Saddle, 5  00 

Stallion  for  the  Saddle,  15  00 

Second  best  Stallion  for  the  Saddle, 5  00 

Judges — James  Miller,  Harrison;  George  Crane,  Cincinnati;  Wesley  Forman,  Bourbon;  W. 
W.  Goddard,  Covington;  and  S.  Holbrook,  Lewis. 

Alternates — Thomas  Jackson,  Maysville;  John  C.  Humphreys,  Mason;  Thurman  Pollock, 
Bracken;  A.  K.  Marshall,  Mason;  and  Lawrence  Howe,  Fleming. 

EQUESTRIANS. 

By  boys  under  thirteen  years  in  uniform  a3  follows: — Black  cap,  blue  or  green  jacket,  and 
white  pants. 

Male  Equestrian,       -         -   '  -         -         7  00 

Second  best  Male  Equestrian, 5  00 

Judges— Lewis  Groves,  Mason;  A.J.  West,  Cynthiana;  Andrew  Wood,  Jr.,  Washington; 
James  Davis,  Lewisburg;  Milton  Evans,  Lewis;  Joseph  Hampton,  Orangeburg;  Col.  L.  J. 
Bradford,  Augusta;  John  Holladay,  Blue  Licks,  and  Thos.  A.  Matthews,  Maysville. 

CLASS  L.— JACKS    AND  JENNETS. 

Jack,  three  years  old  or  more, 15  00 

Second  best  Jack,  three  years  or  more,        --------  5  00 

Jack,  two  years  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,     --------  3  00 

Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,    -----------  6  00 

Second  best  Jack,  one  year  and  under  two, 3  00 

Jack,  under  one  year  old,  -         -         -         -         - -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Jack,  under  one  year  old,         .......                  -  3  00 

Jennet,  three  years  old  or  over,           ........                   -  15  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  three  years  or  over,     -         - 5  00 

Jennet,  two  years   old  and  under  three,       ---------  6  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  two  years  old  and  under  three,    -------  3  00 

Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -                           6  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  one  year  old  and  under  two,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Jennet,  under  one  year  old,         -----------  6  00 

Second  best  Jennet,  under  one  year  old,     ---------  3  00 

Judges— -Baldwin  Foxworthy,  Fleming;  Horace  Benton,  Bourbon;  David  Hathaway,  Mont 
gomery;  Travis  Daniel,  Owingsville;  Dr.  J.  Fleming,  Fleming. 

Alternates — Milton  Dougherty,  Mason;  Dr.  J.  C.  Wilson,  Fleming;  John  S.  Mitchell,  Mays- 
lick;  Mansfield  Calvert,  Lewisburg;  Benjamin  Kirk,  Minerva. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Jack  of  any  age, ------       10  00 

Jennet  of  any  age,      -------------       10  00 

Judges — Anthony  Killgore,  Mason;  J.  De  Bell,  Fleming;  Joseph  Lighter,  Fleming;  Amos. 
Means,  Lewis;  and  Robt.  Chanslor,  Mason. 

Alternates — Wm.  Forman,  Sardis;  George  R.  Wells,  Mason;  Elijah  Laytham,  Mayslick; 
George  Wood,  Washington;  and  Harlow  Yancey,  Mason. 

ORDER  OF  EXHIBITION. 

All  articles  designed  for  exhibition  on  the  first  day,  must  be  properly  labelled,  showing  the 
class  in  which  they  are  to  be  exhibited,  &c  ,  and  placed  in  their  appropriate  places  within  the 
Amphitheatre,  by  9  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  that  day,  to  remain  in  charge  of  the  Superin- 
tendents until  the  close  of  that  day's  exhibition.  The  awards  will  be  made,  and  the  premiums 
announced  and  delivered  at  the  close  of  the  day. 

First  Day — Manufactured  articles  of  every  kind,  fruits,  flowers,  and  poultry,  and  all  pro- 
ducts of  the  soil.     Last  in  order,  female  equestrians. 


480  REPORT  OF  THE 

Second  Day — Cattle  of  all  grade9,  sheep,  and  hogs. 

Third  Day — Fine  horses  of  all  ages,  geldings  and  mares  in  harness,  and  mules. 

Fourth  Day — Horses  for  all  work,  saddle  horses  and  mares.  First  thing  in  order  after  din- 
ner, boy's  riding  match;  and  the  last  thing  in  order  for  the  day,  jacks  and  jennets 

The  awards  of  the  Judges  will  be  announced  as  soon  as  the  decision  is  made,  and  premium 
animals  designated  by  suitable  badges 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  SOCIETY. 

No  member  in  arrears  can  compete  for  a  prize. 

Those  who  are  not  members  may  make  Exhibitions  by  paying  five  dollars  at  the  time  of 
entry. 

Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  the  Society  at  any  time  before  the  Fair,  by  applica- 
tion to  Robert  A.  Cochran,  Treasurer,  and  paying  three  dollars. 

All  entries  must  be  made  by  nine  o'clock,  on  the  day  of  Exhibition.  If  the  entry  be  an  ani- 
mal under  one  year  old,  the  precise  day  of  its  birth  must  be  given. 

All  Stock,  and  every  article  presented  for  Exhibition  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the  Mar- 
shal. 

No  animal  shall  contend  for  but  one  premium,  except  in  sweepstakes. 

Exhibitors  of  Stock  shall  elect  at  the  time  of  entry,  in  which  class  they  will  show,  and  shall 
not  show  in  any  other  class  except  as  above  named — ownership  of  stock  withheld  from  Judges 
— and  no  owner  of  stock  will  be  admitted  into  the  ring,  when  contending  for  a  prize — provided 
that  the  owner  of  saddle  or  harness  horses  may  have  the  privilege  of  riding  or  driving  the 
same,  when  on  Exhibition. 

No  premiums  will  be  awarded  to  any  article  or  animal  unless  the  Judges  shall  deem  such 
worthy  of  it. 

Judges  of  Stock  are  requested  to  report  themselves  at  the  business  office  on  the  grounds,  by 
half  past  eight  o'clock  of  the  day  on  which  they  are  to  act  in  that  capacity.  Judges  of  articles 
are  requested  to  report  themselves  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

Premiums  of  $5  and  over  will  be  paid  in  silver  plate — less  than  that  amount  in  cash,  unless 
otherwise  provided  for  in  the  list. 

In  the  Mechanical  and  Household  department,  no  person  but  the  Manufacturer  will  be  al- 
lowed to  exhibit;  but  the  Wood  workman  or  Iron  workman  of  Carriages,  Carts,  &c,  may  enter 
jointly  or  individually;  but  one  Premium  will  be  awarded,  and  that  for  the  article  complete. 

The  Exhibition  will  open  at  ten  o'clock  each  day.  The  Secretary  and  Treasurer  will  be 
upon  the  ground  at  an  early  hour. 

Admission  to  the  grounds  free  to  members  and  their  families,  (including  females  and  ser- 
vants, and  all  males  under  twenty  one  years.)  All  other  persons  wiil  be  charged  25  cents  with 
privilege  of  entering  with  Carriage,  Hack,  Buggy,  or  on  Horseback,  free  from  charge  on  vehi- 
cle or  animal. 

No  Omnibus,  Carriage,  Hack  or  Buggy  running  for  hire,  can  enter  the  grounds,  but  shall 
discharge  aud  receive  passengers  at  the  footman's  gate. 

The  Stalls  upon  the  grounds  are  free  for  the  Stock  to  be  exhibited,  on  the  day  such  stock  is 
to  be  exhibited. 

The  gate  of  the  amphitheatre  will  be  closed  in  ten  minutes  after  the  call  of  the  Marshal  for 
each  class  of  stock. 

The  intermission  at  noon  of  each  day's  exhibition,  will  be  devoted  to  auction  sales  of  Stock 
within  the  amphitheatre,  and  a  competent  auctioneer  will  be  employed  for  that  purpose,  who 
will  attend  to  selling  stock  at  reasonable  charges. 

Exhibitors  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  groom,  a  card  containing  the  age  of  all  animals 
under  three  years  of  age. 

Discretionary  Premiums  may  be  awarded  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  Judges. 

Sheep  and  Hogs  will  be  exhibited  in  the  pens. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  481 

OHIO    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL,   MECHANICAL  AND    DOMESTIC   SOCIETY. 

Hartford,  Ky.,  February  8lli,  1858. 
Robert  W.  Scott, 

Cor.  Secretary  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Demi  Sir  ;  Yours  of  the  first  instant  is  before  mo,  and  I  will  endeavor  to  give  you  the  in- 
formation concerning  the  Ohio  County  Agricultural  Society,  you  request. 

Origin,  &c.  —  No  serious  idea  of  such  a  Society  had  ever  been  entertained  by  the  citizens 
of  Ohio  county,  until  after  the  Daviess  County  Fair  in  the  fall  of  1856;  but  some  of  our  most 
cntet prising  and  energetic  farmers  having  attended  that  Fair,  and  returned  with  (he  evidences 
of  their  suceess,  in  the  shape  of  Varge.nl,  moulded  into  beautiful  cups,  came  to  the  sa^e  con- 
clusion of  the  illustrious  bam  Patch,  that  "some  things  may  be  done  as  well  as  others,"  and  nn 
Ohio  County  Fair  was  talked  of  and  discussed  for  a  considerable  time,  and  the  question  duly 
discussed,  whether  the  thing  could  or  could  not  be  done?  At  length  II.  D.  Taylor,  E-q.,  a  gen- 
tleman who  generally  acts  upon  the  principle  of  an  officer  in  the  war  of  1812,  who,  when  asked 
by  his  General  if  he  could  not  dislodge  the  enemy  from  a  commanding  position  which  they 
held,  replied,  " I  can  try,  sir,"  thinking  the  readiest  way  to  settle  the  question,  was  to  try 
what  could  he  done,  accordingly  drew  up  a  preliminary  subscription  for  stock — copies  of  which 
were  put,  into  the  hands  of  the  most  energetic  and  thorough  going  friends  of  the  measure.  The- 
subscribers  at  fiist  were  not  numerous,  and  gre.  t  fears  of  success  were  entertained  by  the  more 
timid  A  meeting,  however,  was  called  and  the  resolution  formed  to  go  ahead!  A  constitu- 
tion and  by  laws  were  adopted,  (a  copy  of  which  is  herewith  enclosed,)  and  the  necessary  pre- 
liminary steps  taken  to  procure  ground  and  erect  the  buildings.  All  this  was  during  the  win- 
ter of  1856-7.  As  soon  as  the  spring  opened,  an  eligible  site,  within  half  a  mile  of  Hartford, 
was  procured,  and  a  gentleman  of  known  integrity  was  given  cartebhmclie  to  go  ahead, 
buy  materials,  employ  hands  to  help  him,  and  do  the  work  and  make  out  his  charges,  and 
draw  upon  the  Boaid  of  Directors  for  the  money  to  pay  for  material  and  labor,  and  make  out 
his  charge  lor  his  own  services  when  the  job  was  completed.  The  policy  of  the  measure, 
though  condemned  by  some  at  the  lime,  was  vindicated  on  the  completion  of  the  job,  in  the 
most  satisfactory  manner,  and  for  about  one-half  of  the  price  paid  for  like  work,  where  the 
precautions  of  sealed  proposals  and  stipulated  prices  hid  been  resorted  to  before  hand. 

The  FairGrounds  consistof.a  lot  containing  nine  acres,  nearly  in  a  square,  well  enclosed  with 
a  high  and  substantial  plank  fence,  on  the  most  elevated  part  of  which  the  Ring  and  Amphithea- 
tre are  erected.  1  he  Ring  is  210  feet  in  diameter,  well  enclosed  with  a  good  plank  fence,  with 
n  most  beautiful  octagon  shaped  Judges'  Stand  in  the  center.  The  Amphitheatre  extends  about 
one  third  of  the  way  around  the  Ring,  consisting  of  five  tier  of  seals  ami  a  Clerk's  or  secreta- 
ry's Office,  wiih  a  room  overhead  for  the  accommodation  of  the  officers  of  the  Fair.  Two  good 
wells  have  been  dug  within  the  grounds,  which  affjrds  an  abundance  of  good  pure  water  for 
both  man  and  beast.  The  whole  work  is  completed  in  such  a  tasteful  and  satisfactory  man- 
ner, that  it  nut  only  elicited  the  admiration  o*'  visitors,  but  was,  at  the  last  Fair,  made  the 
Subject  of  a  vote  of  thanks  to  the  faithful  contractor,  Mr.  Wm.  Graves. 

Tub:  First  Fair,  and  its  Effects  on  the  Community.  Our  first  Fair  was  held  late  in 
Octobet  l.ist,  we  all  being,  in  a  measure,  ignorant  of  such  matters,  libored  under  many  disad- 
vantages and  committed  some  blunders.  Oar  premium  list,  in  some  respects,  was  not  well 
arranged;  but  all  was  pretty  well  for  new  beginners.  We  did  not  expect  any  big  things  at  (ho 
first  start;  but  to  our  great  surprise,  crowds  of  competitors  attended  the  Fair,  and  it  will  be 
seen,  from  the  l.st  of  premiums  awarded,  that  the  thing  was  not  done  in  a  corner,  but  that  Da- 
viess, Hancock,  Breckinridge,  Grayson,  Hardin,  Larue,  Jefferson,  Oldham,  Shelby,  Warren, 
Butler,  Muhlenburg,  McLean,  &c,  had  their  representatives  there,  and  we  also. had  a  sprinkle 
of  our  brother  lloosiers.  A  veteran  from  Warren,  who  had  some  splendid  stock  on  the 
ground,  declared,  that  in  no  rings  that  he  had  ever  before  attended,  had  he  met  with  such 
competition.  The  whole  thing  went  off  so  well  that  we  had  more  applications  for  life  mem- 
bership than  we  cared  to  receive.  The  receipts  were  sufficient  to  pay  all  premiums  and  ex- 
penses of  all  kinds,  and  have  a  suffijient  residium,  together  with   the  instalments  becoming 

'61 


482  REPORT  OF  THE 

due  from  life-members  during  the  present  year,  to  enable  us  to  complete  the  Amphitheatre,  at 
least  two  thirds  of  the  way  around  the  ring,  erect  stalls  around  three  fourths  of  the  enclosure, 
and  build  a  cottage  upon  the  grounds. 

These  results  cannot  fail  of  having  a  good  effect  upon  citizens,  notwithstanding  such  strong 
competition  from  other  parts  of  the  State.  Our  citizens  won  a  fair  portion  of  the  premiums. 
Those  who  were  successful  will  be  sure  to  try  it  again,  and  those  who  lost,  in  most  instances, 
will  improve  their  stock  or  purchase  better  for  another  time.  A  laudable  spirit  of  emulation 
is  excited,  and  the  good  resulting  is  not  so  much  the  improvement  in  the  articles  exhibited, 
as  the  increased  information  disseminated  and  acquired  by  the  community,  as  to  the  best 
modes  of  bringing  about  such  improvements.  The  articles  on  exhibition  are  the  fruits  pro- 
duced for  the  season.  The  knowledge  acquired  is  the  tree  that  may  produce  this  fruit  for 
ages. 

Pesides  all  this,  those  Fairs  are  gala  days,  which,  when  properly  conducted,  have  the  most 
happy  effects  upon  all  the  social  relations  of  society.  Citizen  meets  citizen,  and  interchanges 
the  courtesies  and  civilities  of  life.  Topics  relating  to  all  our  interests  are  introduced  and 
discussed,  and  ideas  interchanged  and  disseminated  which  would  otherwise  have  ever  laid  dor- 
mant; our  intellects  are  aroused  from  their  ordinary  dull  routine,  and  not  only  relaxed  but 
amused  and  strengthened,  and  all  done  in  a  way  subject  to  none  of  the  objections  urged 
against  the  ball  room,  the  gambling  saloon,  or  racefield. 

The  Officers  of  the  Society  are — H  D.  Taylor,  President;  W.  J.  Berry  and  W.  J.  Eidson, 
Vice  Presidents;  C.  J.  Lawton,  Secretary;  J.  B.  Stevens,  Treasurer;  W.C.  Chapman,  C.  W. 
Hunter.  Wm.  H.  Miller,   John  Midkiff,  W.  D.  Coleman,  H.    W.  Harris,  and  J.  B.  Bennett. 

Directors. 

Very  respectfully,  &c. 

C.  J.  LAWTON,  Secretary. 

CONSTITUTION  AND    BYLAWS    OF    THE    OHIO    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL, 
MECHANICAL,  AND  DOMESTIC  SOCIEIY. 

CONSTITUTION. 

Article  I  — Name.  This  Society  shall  be  called  the  Ohio  County  Agricultural,  Mechanical, 
and  Domestic  Society. 

Article  II. — Objects.  Its  object  shall  be  to  encourage  and  improve  agricultural,  mechani- 
cal, and  domestic  industry,  by  awarding  premiums  to  the  productions  of  ail  those  branches  of 
lahor  and  to  such  objects  as  may  have  a  tendency  to  encourage  the  same. 

Article  III. — Membership.  This  Society  shall  consist  of  those  persons  who  shall  subscribe 
and  pay  five  dollars  per  annum,  who  shall  be  Annual  Members;  and  of  those  who  shall  sub- 
scribe and  pay  ten  dollars  the  first  year,  and  five  dollars  annually  for  three  years,  who  shall  be 
Life  Members. 

Article  IV. — Privileges  of  Members.  Each  annual  member,  upon  the  payment  of  all  dues, 
shall  be  entitled  to  free  admission  to  the  fair  grounds,  and  to  make  entries  for  premiums  to  an 
amount  not  exceeding  thrae  dollars.  Each  life  member,  upon  the  like  payment  of  dues,  shall 
be  entitled  to  free  admission  of  himself  and  family,  except  white  males  over  21  years  old,  and 
the  privilege  of  making  like  entries  not  exceeding  eight  dollars  in  amount  at  each  fair;  but  all 
entries  so  made  shall  be  the  real  and  bona  fide  property  of  such  members  or  their  families  en- 
titled to  free  admission  to  the  fair  grounds  by  this  Constitution. 

Article  V. — Meetings  of  the  Society.  This  Society  shall  hold  its  Annual  Meeting  in  Hart- 
ford, on  the  first  Saturday  in  June  in  each  year,  at  which  time  it  shall  elect  a  President,  two 
Vice  Presidents,  Secretary,  Treasurer,  and  seven  Directors;  the  President  may  also  call  a 
meeting  of  said  Society  at  any  time,  in  pursuance  of  an  order  of  theBoard  of  Directors  or  the 
petition  in  writing  of  ten  or  more  members. 

Article  VI. — Powers  of  Meetings.  At  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society  it  shall  have 
full  power  of  the  entire  affairs  of  the  Society;  at  the  called  meetings  its  action  shall  be  con- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  483 

fined  to  the  objects  for  which  the  meeting  was  called,  which  objects  shall  be  stated  by  the  Presi- 
dent in  his  call. 

Article  VII. — Duties  of  Officers.  The  Officers  elected  at  the  Annual  Meeting  shall  hold 
their  offices  one  year  and  until  their  successors  are  duly  elected.  The  President  shall  preside 
at  all  Meetings  of  the  Society  and  Board  of  Directors.  Either  one  of  the  Vice  Presidents 
shall  discharge  the  duties  of  President  in  his  absence.  The  Secretary  shall  attend  the  meet- 
ings of  the  Society  and  Board  of  Directors,  and  keep  a  record  of  their  proceedings;  take 
charge  of  the  books  and  papers  of  the  Society  and  Board  of  Directors,  and  perform  all  other 
duties  that  may  be  required  of  him  by  said  Society  or  Board.  The  Treasurer  shall  keep  the 
accounts  of  the  Society,  receive  and  disburse  its  moneys  and  premiums,  and  otherwise  conform 
to  all  the  rules  and  regulations  that  may  be  prescribed  for  him  by  the  rules,  regulations  or  by- 
laws of  the  Society.  The  Board  of  Directors  shall  cause  an  expose  of  the  affairs  of  the  Socie- 
ty, showing  its  debts  and  credits  and  other  matters  relating  to  its  iuterests,  to  be  made  out  and 
exhibited  to  each  annual  meeting  of  the  Society. 

Article  VIII. — Powers  of  Officers.  The  President,  Vice  Presidents,  Secretary,  Treasurer, 
and  sevc-u  Directors  (elect)  shall  form  a  Board  of  Directors,  any  seven  of  whom  shall  form  a 
quorum  to  transact  business,  which  Board  (except  during  the  meetings  of  the  Society)  shalj 
have  entire  management  and  coutrol  of  the  entire  affairs  of  the  Society.  They  shall  have 
power  to  pass  any  By  Laws  not  conflicting  with  this  Constitution;  to  fill  any  vacancies  that 
may  occur;  remove  the  Secretary  or  Treasurer  at  pleasure,  and  appoint  others;  appoint  any 
additional  officers  or  agents  for  the  Company;  and  have  the  entire  control  and  management  of 
the  fair  grounds,  the  articles  brought,  or  the  visitors  who  may  come  upon  the  same. 

Article  IX. — Fairs  One  or  more  Fairs  shall  be  held  at  the  Fair  Grounds  in  or  near  Hart- 
ford, each  year.  The  time  of  holding  said  Fairs,  if  not  fixed  by  the  Society  at  its  annual 
meeting,  shall  be  determined  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  who  shall,  at  least  sixty  days  before 
the  time  of  holding  such  Fair,  cause  to  be  published  in  the  most  public  manner,  a  list  of  pre- 
miums to  be  awarded  at  the  Fair.  Provided,  however,  that  by  a  vote  of  three  fourths  of  the 
Board  they  may  award  premiums  for  objects  or  articles  not  included  in  the  published  list. 

Article  X. — Amendments.  This  Constitution  shall  only  be  altered  or  amended  by  a  vote  of 
two  thirds  of  the  members  present,  at  a  regular  annual  meeting  of  the  Society. 

BY-LAWS. 

Section  I. — Quorums  and  Meetings.  At  the  annual  meeting,  such  members  aa  may  be  in 
attendance  shall  form  a  quorum;  at  a  called  meeting,  at  least  twenty  members  must  be  present 
to  form  a  quorum  to  transact  business.  The  President,  or  in  his  absence  either  of  the  Vice 
Presidents,  in  the  order  of  their  appointment,  shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  the  Society  or 
Board;  in  the  absence  of  all  of  these,  any  member  of  the  Society,  at  its  meetings,  or  any 
.    member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  at  its  meetings,  may  be  called  to  the  chair. 

Section  II. — Officers.  All  officers,  either  elected  by  the  Society  or  appointed  by  the  Board 
of  Directors,  upon  going  out  of  office,  shall  deliver  up  to  their  successors  in  office,  or  go  to 
^  •  the  President,  if  there  be  no  successor,  all  books,  papers,  and  effects  in  their  hands  belonging 
to  the  Society. 

Section  III — Secretary.  The  Secretary  shall  keep  the  books  and  records  of  the  Society 
and  Board  of  Directors  open  to  the  inspection  of  all  its  members;  at  the  request  of  the  Presi- 
dent, he  shall  give  timely  notice  of  the  called  meetings  of  the  Society  or  Board,  and  furnish 
written  copies  of  any  documents  or  records  in  his  possession.  He  shall  keep  a  list  of  the  date 
and  amount  of  all  warrants  drawn  by  the  President,  and  countersign  the  same.  He  shall  keep 
a  roll  of  all  the  members  of  the  Society,  and  opposite  their  names  enter  the  payment  made 
by  each  member  as  the  same  shall  be  reported  to  h'iu  by  the  Treasurer.  He  shall  at  any  Fair 
carefully  enroll  the  name  of  any  person  contending  for  a  premium,  with  a  description  of  the 
article  entered  therefor,  under  its  appropiiate  head,  and  in  like  manner  enter  the  decisions  of 
the  Judges  in  awarding  their  premiums. 


484  REPORT  OF  THE 

Section  IV. — Treasurer.  The  Treasurer  shall  collect  and  safely  keep  all  the  moncjs  due  and 
belonging  to  the  Society.  He  shall  only  pay  out  the  same  by  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors, 
On  the  warrant  of  the  President,  countersigned  by  the  Secretary.  He  shall  keep  an  actual  and 
accurate  account  of  the  receipts  and  disbursements  of  the  Society,  and  once  a  year,  or  oftcner 
if  required  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  settle  his  accounts  with  said  Board,  which  settlement 
6'aall  be  laid  before  the  Society  at  its  next  annual  meeting.  On  or  before  the  meeting  of  each 
annual  fair,  he  shall  furnish  the  Secretary  with  a  list  of  all  payments  made  him  by  life  mem- 
bers on  account  of  dues  for  their  membership. 

Section  V. — Privileges  of  Members.  Members  in  arrears  shall  forfeit  all  privileges  of  mem- 
bers on  the  fair  grounds  during  the  fairs,  and  if  in  arrears  for  more  than  twelve  months,  the 
Board  of  Directors  may  declare  their  membership  forfeited.  Upon  the  death  of  a  life  member, 
the  dividends  (if  any  are  due  him  at  the  time  of  his  death)  shall  be  assets  in  the  hands  of  his 
personal  representative;  and  the  privilege  of  membership,  if  not  unanimously  transferred  by 
his  heirs  to  a  single  individual,  or  so  disposed  of  by  the  deceased  in  his  last  will, shall  descend 
first  to  his  wife,  or  next  to  his  oldest  child  or  heir,  but  the  right  of  membership  with  its  inci- 
,  dental  privileges  shall  only  be  enjoyed  by  a  single  individual  at  a  time.  Members-hip  shall  be 
transferable  by  an  assignment  thereof,  in  the  presence  of  the  Secretary,  on  his  books. 

Section  VI. — Members  or  visitors  maybe  expelled  from  the  Society,  or  from  the  fairgrounds, 
Or  from  the  right  to  contend  for  premiums,  for  indecent,  disorderly,  ungentlcmanly,  or  dishon- 
orable conduct. 

Section  VII. — No  ardent  spirits  shall  be  drunk  or  sold  upon  the  fair  grounds. 

Section  VIII  — Persons  entering  articles  for  premiums  shall  pay  one  half  the  amount  of  the 
premium  to  be  awarded. 

Section  IX. — No  article  shall  be  entered  for  a  premium  except  by  the  bona  fide  owner  there- 
of or  his  agent,  nor  shall  any  manufactured  article  be  entered  by  any  other  than  the  manufac- 
turer thereof;  provided,  however,  parents  may  enter  the  productions  or  property  of  their  chil- 
dren under  21  years  of  age. 

Section  X  — No  animal  or  article  after  having  taken  a  premium  in  the  Society  shall  be  en- 
tered for  a  premium  in  the  same  class  of  animals  or  articles. 

Section  XI. — Where  a  single  article  without  competition  is  entered  for  a  premium,  none 
shall  be  awarded  it  unless  the  Judges  are  of  opinion  that  it  possesses  such  intrinsic  meiit  as  to 
entitle  it  to  the  same;  and  where  all  the  contending  articles  in  the  same  ring  are  so  decidedly 
inferior  that  the  Judges  are  of  opinion  that  no  premium  is  deserving,  none  shall  be  awarded. 

Section  XII. — The  Judges  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors  at  least  four  weeks 
before  the  time  of  the  fair.  Their  decisions  shall  be  final.  No  person  related  to  any  of  tho 
parties  contending  for  a  premium  shall  act  as  Judge. 

Section  XIII  — All  marks  or  means  of  showing  ownership  shall  be  strictly  prohibited,  and 
.  all  articles  shall  be  entered  and  marked  by  their  numbers. 

Section  XIV. — The  age  of  each  animal,  if  requested  by  the  owner,  shall  be  entered  with  its 
cumber,  and  be  handed  by  the  groom  to  the  Judges  before  the  decisiou  takes  place. 

Section  XV. — No  horse  or  unbroken  animal  shall  be  admitted  or  permitted  to  go  at  lar^e 
upon  the  fair  grounds,  unless  by  consent  of  the  Board,  and  the  Board  shall  have  the  tight  to 
■prohibit  any  wild,  vicious,  and  dangerous  animal  from  entering  the  ring  or  fair  grounds. 

Section  XVI. — Membership  owned  by  a  firm  or  partnership  shall  only  entitle  the  members 
Of  the  firm,  and  not  their  families,  to  entrance  10  the  fair  grouuds,  and  to  no  oilier  entry  of 
Articles  but  such  as  are  the  joint  property  of  the  firm. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  485 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  OHIO  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  MECHANICAL  AND 
DOMESTIC  SOCIETY,  FOR  1857, 

FIRST  DAY. 


DOMESTIC     MANUFACTURES. 


-      $ 


3  00 

2  50 

2  00 

2  00 

3  00 

3  00 

1  00 

1  HO 

3  00 

3  00 

3  00 

5  00 

1  00 

2  00 

3  00 

Jen ns.  (en  yards, 

Neurit  Jean*,  ten  yards,      .----- 

Liiircy,  white,  ton  yards,    ------ 

Linsey,  colored,  ten  yards,  - 

Linsey,  plaid',  ten  yards,     ...... 

Flannel,  ten   yards,      ------- 

Woolen  Hose,      ....... 

Woolen  halt'  Hose,      --■.."--- 

P..ir  Bed  Blankets, 

Coverlet,    --------- 

Rag  Carpet,  ten  yards  and  upwards,    -         -         -         - 

Woolen  Carpet,  ten  yards  and  upwards, 

Hearth  Rug,       -  ...... 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yard*,         ------ 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards,  ------ 

AM  die  above  articles  to  be  home  made. 

Judpes—Mvs.  S.  O.  Peyton,   Mrs.  W.  J.    Eidson,   Mrs.  Wra.    Field,  Mrs.   W.  C.  Chapman, 
Mrs.  11.  D.  Taylor,  Mrs.  C.  J.  Law  ton. 

NEEDLE-WORK. 

Finest  specimen  of  Needle  work, ---■«-.-        2  0Q 

Jeans  Coat,  cut  and  mule  by  a  lady,  5  01 

Jeans  Vest,  cut  and   made  by  a  lady,  -------.--         2  00 

Jeans  Pains,  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  ----..-.-         2  00 

Cotton  or  Linen  Shirt,  made  by  a  lady,       -------         .         .         2-OQ 

Suit  of  Clothes,' nude  by  a  lady, ]0  00 

Woolen  Shawl, 2  00 

Silk  Quilt,  patch  work,       - -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Worsted  Q  lilt,  pitch  work.         -         -         ...         ....--]()  00 

Cotton  Quilt,  patch  work, 10  00 

Silk,  plain,  - 5  ()0 

Wor-icd  plain, 5  00 

Cotton  plain, 5  00 

Counterpane,      -..-......-...         5  00 

Fly  Brush, 1  00 

Sewing  Tread,  one  pound,  ----------        --2  00 

Judges— Mrs.  J.  VV.  Lewis,  Mrs.  W.  G.    Davis,    Mrs.  A.  B.  Baird,  Mrs.  A.  R.  Rowan,  Mrs. 
G.  W.Taylor. 

UAIRV  AND  GARDEN  PltODUCTS,  AC. 

Butter,  three  pounds,           .............  2  00 

Checve,  three   pounds,          .---.-.....»-  2  00 

Preserves,  three  pounds,     --.--.-.----  2  00 

Pickles,  jar, 2  00 

Can  of  Peaches, 2  00 

Sweet  Po  aloes,  half  bushel, 1   0<> 

Cabbage,  half  dozed  heads,         * 1   00 

Onions,  one  peck,       -                   ...........  100 

Celery,        --..-......-.-..  1  00 

Apples,  one  bushel, ■...„.         ...  1   00 

Peaches,  half  hu-hel, -         -  I  00 

PealS,  half  lui-hel, -  1  00 

Grapes,  hall  l.u>hol, 1    00 

Iiieli  Potatoes,  one  bushel, .....]   00 

ParMiipi,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Beets-,  one  bushel, 1  00 

Tomatoes,  one  peek, 1  <0 

JW/ps--Mis.  L.   Nail.   Mrs.   Thomas  Birnett.  Mrs.    J.  P.  Cooper,  Mrs.   John  Barnes,  Mrs. 
Weaver  Barnes,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Crow,  W.J.  Berry,  VV.  J.  Eidson. 

CLOTHING  MADE  BY  A    TAILOR. 

Best  Coat, -        -        5  00 

Best  Vest  and  Pantaloons,  each,         -.'...--.-.        2  00 


486  KEPORT  OF  THE 

CABINET  WORK. 

Best  Bedstead, 3  00 

Best  Bureau, 4  00 

Dining  Table, 2  00 

Judges — Samuel  Houston,  J.  W.  Lewis,  William  Graves,  H.  W.  Harris,  Frank  Griffin, 
Ohio;  E.  Eskridge,  Breckinridge;  C.  P.  Hale,  McLean. 

LEATHER,    HARNESS,    <!>C. 

Side  Sole  Leather, -  1  00 

Calf  Skin, 1   00 

Harness  Side, 1   00 

Pair  Gent's  Fine  Shoes, 1  00 

Man's  Saddle,     - 5  00 

Ladies'  Saddle, 5  00 

Men's   Boots, 2  00 

Ladies'  Boots, 1  00 

Coarse  Shoes,     .----.-..-----1  (10 

Pair  Ladies  Fine  Shoes, 1   00 

Pair  Double  Harness, 8  00 

Single   Harness, 5  00 

Riding  Bridle, 2  00 

Horse  Collar, 1  00 

Judges— W.  H.  Miller,  John  Barnes,  Sam.  A.  Garrison,  Frank  Griffin,  R.  S.  Moseley,  W.  C. 
Chapman,  H.  H.  Colier,  James  A.  Thomas. 

CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  AC. 

Two  horse  Carriage, 10  00 

Two  horse  Wagon,     .----..--....  5  00 

One  horse   Plow, 3  00 

Cultivator, 2  08 

Wheat  Fan, 3  00 

Reaping  Mcchine, 8  00 

Corn  Sheller. 2  00 

One  horse   Buggy,       .----..--....  8  00 

Two  horse  Plow, 3  00 

Harrow, -         -  3  00 

Hav    Rake,          -     .   -                  2  00 

Washing   Machine, -         -         -         -  2  00 

Threshing  Machine, 8  00 

Straw   Gutter,                         ............  2  ()q 

Judges— F.  L.  Hall,  S.  C.  Noel,  Daviess;  Wm.  Field,  H  D  Taylor,  John  P.  Tracy,  Ohio: 
E   Eskridge,  Breckinridge;   Moses  T.  Read,  Nathaniel  Porter,  Butler. 

PRODUCTS    OF   THE    FIELD. 

Best  sample  one  bushel  Wheat,          ..........  2  00 

Best  sample  one  bushel  Oats,     -----------  1  00 

Besrr  five  pounds  Manufacturing  Tobacco,  ---------  5  00 

Best  pair   Turkeys,      -------------  2  00 

Best  sample  one  bushel  Corn,     -----------  2  00 

Best  sample  five  pounds  Stemming  Leaf  Tobacco,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Best,  pair  Chickens, 2  00 

Judges — William  Duke,  Sen.,  J.  B.  Stevens,  William  Rogers,  J.  P.  Cooper,  John  C  Morton, 
Johu  A.  Taylor. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion  four  years  old  and  upwards,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion  three  years  and  under  four,    ----------  10  00 

Stallion  two  years  and  under  three,    -----                   ....  10  00 

Stallion  one  year  and  under  two,         ----------7  00 

Stallion  Colt, 5  00 

Gelding  four  years  old  and  upwards,            - 10  00 

Geldins  three  years  and  under  four,  -----.-.---  10  00 

Gelding  two  years  and  under  three,    ----------  7  00 

Gelding  one  year  and  under  two,        - 5  00 

Judges.  —  Wm.  Stone,  Daviess,  T.  C.  Carson.  Butler;  Thomas  Lendrum,  McLean;  Dr.  Wm. 
Singleton,  Breckinridge;  Ed.  Reno,  Muhlenburg;  W.  B.  McLean,  W.  C.  Chapman,  Ohio; 
Charles  Wortham,  Grayson;  McFerran,  Buwlinggreen. 

SECOND  DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Bull  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

• 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  487 

Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,        ----------  8  00 

Calf, 5  00 

Yoke  Oxen  over  three  years,      -----------  10  00 

Best  totted  Bullock, 5  00 

Milch  Cow,         -                  10  00 

Cow  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Cow  one  year  and  under  two,      ------.  ....         8  00 

Calf, 5  00 

Yoke  Oxen  under  three  years,  -         -         -         - 10  00 

Best  fatted  Cow. 5  00 

Judges. — Joseph  B.  Bennett,  Dr.  J.  E   Pendleton,  J.  F.  Collins,  Ohio  county;  Wm.  Bell,  J. 
F.  Todd,  Daviess;  Mark  Keykendoll,  Butler. 

HOGS    AND    SHEEP. 

Boar  one  year  old  and  upwards, 5  00 

Boar  six  months  old  and  under, 5  00 

Largest  Hog, 5  00 

Best  Buck,          -                  5  00 

Best  pair  Lambs, 5  00 

Largest  Sheep,  --------------  5  00' 

Sow  one  year  old  and  upwards,  --         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Pair  Pigs  under  six  mouths,        -----------  5  00 

Best  fatted  Hog, 5  00 

Best  Ewe,            •         - 5  00 

Best  fatted  Sheep, 3  00 

Best  Sow  six  months  and  under  one  year,  ---------  3  00 

Judges — Laikin  Nail,  Thomas   N.   Berryman,   H.  D.  Taylor,   C.  W.  Hunter,   Col.  D.  L. 
Miller. 

JACKS,    JENNETS,    AND   MULES. 

Jack  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two,        - 8  00 

Colt, 5  00 

Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards, 8  00 

Mule  oue  year  old  and  under  two,      - -  7  00 

Jennet  three  years  old  and  upwards,            ---------  8  00 

Jennet  two  years  and  under  three,       -     -    -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  7  00 

Jennet  one  year  and  under  two,  ----------5  00 

Colt, 5  00 

Mule  Colt, 5  00 

Pair  broke  Mules, 10  00 

Judges — Dr.  W.  J.  Berry,  Wm.  Field,    Ohio  county;    Jacob   C.   Tolbert.  Daviess;  John  B. 

Helm,  Butler;  P.  Li£rhtfoot,  Breckinridge;   John   B.  Stevens,   Ohio   county;   Charles  Gillam, 
Logan. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion  four  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

S'allion  three  years  and  under  four,  ----------  10  00 

Stallion  two  years  and  under  three,     ----------  8  00 

Stallion  one  vear  and  under  two,         ----------5  00 

Colt,            - 5  00 

Gelding  over  four  years,     ------------  8  00 

Mare  four  years  old  and  upwards,       ...         -                   .....  10  00 

Mare  three  years  old  and  under  four,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ---------8  00 

Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two,       ----------  5  00 

Colt, 5  00 

Gelding  under  four  years,  ------------8  00 

Judges — D.  S.  French,  John  Midkiff,  W.  D.  Coleman,  Ohio  county;  W.  C.  Norris,  Daviess, 
J.  H.  Thomas,  Breckinridge;  W   C.  McNary,  Muhlenburg;  Zadock  Bell,  Logan. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BROOD    MARES. 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  four  years  and  upwards,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four, 10  00 

Saddle  Brood  M  ire,  two  years  and  under  three, 10  00 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,     --------  8  00 

Colt,                    -                  5  00 

Harness  Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,          -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 


488  REPORT  OF  THE 

Humps*  Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -1^00 

Harness  M  ire,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         •         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Harness  Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Colt.  -       * ....  5  00 

Judges — J.  FT.  Thomas.  Breckinridge;  Dr  N.  L  Liuhtfoot,  Hancock;  Nicholas  Eosley, 
Daviess;  Levi  L.  Wise,  Ohio;  Moses  T.  Read,  Butler;  Win.  Covington,  Warren. 

SADDLE    HOUSES. 

Stallions,  four  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallions,  ibree  years  old  and  under  four,            .....                          •  in  110 

Stations,  two  years  old  and  under  three,               -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Stallions,  one  vear  old  and  under  two,                8  00 

Colt,           - S  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,     -         -         -         •         •         -         -         -         -  10  HO 

Mare    three  \ears  old  and  under  four,         -         -         -         -         -         -                   -         -  111  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           .......                   .  ]{|  00 

Mare,  one  jcar  old  and  under  two,      • 8  00 

Coif,            : 5  00 

Judges.— Dr  S.  A.  Jackson;  II.  W.  Harris,  Ohio;  John  Lightfoot,  Hancock;  F.  L  Hall, 
Davins-;  Geo.  R.  Hines,  Butler;  Hon.  Edward  Rumsey,  Muhlenburg;  C.  N.  Wotihington, 
McLean. 

BUGGY    HORSES. 

Best  pair  Buggv  Horses, -         - 10  00 

Best,  single  Bri»gv  Morse, Id  00 

Best,  pair  Buggy  Mares, JO  00 

Be>t  Bu««rv  Marc, 10  00 

Judges—  Moses  T  Read;  Nathaniel  Porter,  Butler;  Dr.  .1.  R.  Pendleton;  W.  J.  Eidson;  J. 
W.  Cow,  Ohio;  IT.  C.  Crawford,  Grayson;  S.  S.  Walking;  lion.  J.  H.  Mcllcniy,  Daviess; 
Jas-  B.  Chapman,  Warren. 

FIXE    HORSES 

Stallion,  fours  years  old  and  upwards,         -         - 10  CO 

Stallion,  three  yeais  old  and  under  four,     -  10  10 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         - 10  00 

Stallion,  one  vearold  and  under  two,  .........         8  00 

Bucking  Colt,' -         -  5  00 

Geldings,  four  years  old  and  upwards,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Geldings,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 1(1  00 

Gehiings,  two  years  old  and  under  three,   -  -  -  •  -  -  -  10  00 

Geldings,  one  year  old  and  under  two,        -         -         -         -         -         -  -         -         8  00 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upwards,       ..........       10  (JO 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  under  four, Ill  00 

Mar«',  two  years  old  and  under  three,         -         -         •         -'.  _    -         -         -         -  111  00 

Mare,  one   vear  old  and  under  two,  -  ------  8  00 

Sucking  Coif,  5  00 

Judges— Dc.W.  3.  Berry;  H.D.Taylor;  W.  C.  Chapman.  Ohio;  Samuel  Pell,  Hancock; 
Robt.  Sharp.  Daviess;  Henry  Griffith,  McLean;  Datd.  Wise,  Muhlenbuig;  Edwin  '1  liom&S, 
Grayson;  Mark  keykendoll,  Sr.,  Butler. 

There  will  also  be  award*  of  premiums  for  other  articles  not  included  in  the  above  list 
which  may  be  adjudged  worthy,  &,c. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  The  exhibition  will  commence  each  day  at  9  o'clock,  by  which  time,  to  avoid  delays  and 
confusion,  all  entries  should  be  made.  Entries  for  the  first  day's  exhibition  may  be  made, 
with  the  Secretary  for  two  days  previous  to  the  Fair.  Entries  for  the  subsequent  days  nil)  bo 
received  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  on  the  grounds. 

2.  The  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  President,  at  his  office,  on  the  day 
on  which  they  are  to  act. 

3.  Each  annual  member  shall  be  admitted  free  of  charge. 

5.  Each  life  member,  and  all  members  of  his  family  (except  males  over  twenty  one  years 
•  f  age,)  shrill  be  admitted  free  of  charge. 

5.  No  member  shall  be  admitted  to  the  Fair  Grounds  without  his  certificate  of  membership. 

6.  Members' tickets  will  be  furnished  on  application  to  the  Secretary,  C.  J.  Law  ton;  and 
to  obtain  the  t'n-ket  the  applicant  must  produce  to  the  Secretary  the  receipt  of  J.  W.  Crow, 
the  Tieasurer,  for  his  annual  dues. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIRTV.  489 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  ONTO    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL,  MECHANI- 
CAL AND  DOMESTIC  SOCIETY,  FOR  lc57. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Ten  yarfa  Jeans,  Mrs.  Line  Brown.  Ohio  county ,  premium. 

Ten  yards  Negro  Jeans,  Mrs.  Jane  Brown,  Ohio  counts',  premium. 

Ten  yards  White  Linsey,  Mrs.  Sal  lie  Phipps,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Woolen  llo-'c,  Mrs.  C  Chapman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Woolen  Fl  ill  Hose,  Miss  Barthena  Belcher,  Bmier  county,  premium. 

Pair  Bed  Blankets,  Mrs.  Lucy    Field.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Coverlet,  Mrs    Mary  A.  Berrvman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs    Finny  Hardwick,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Hearth  Rug,  Miss  Mary  May,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

NEEDLE    WORK. 

Finest  Specimen,  Mrs.  Jennie  Lewis,  McLean  county,  premium. 
Needle  Work  Embroidery,  .Mrs.  Jennie  Lewis,  McLean  county,  premium. 
Jeans  Co.it  cut  and  in  ide  bv  a  1  tdy.  Mi's.  B.  B.  Stillenger,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Ve<t  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  Miss  Fannie  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Pants  cut  nnd  mule  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Allen.  McLean  enmity,  premium. 
Worst". 1  Quit,  Mrs.  R.  VV.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  Daniel  S    Hill.  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Counterpane,  Mrs.  Mary  Ann  Berrvman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

DAIRY    AND    GARDEN    PRODUCTS. 

Butter,  three  pounds.  Mrs.  Joseph  Miller,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Cheese,  Mrs.  Lucy  Fie.d,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Cabbage,  hill'  dozen  heads,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Crow,  premium. 
Onions,  one  peck,  S.  K.  McLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Iiish  Po.atocs,  H.  W.  Harris,  Ohio  couutv,  premium. 

CLOTHING. 

Cloth  Coat  cut  and  made  by  a  lady,  Mrs.  L    Patterson,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

LEATHER,    HARNESS,    SADDLERY,    ifcC. 

Finest  Lady's  Saddle,  W.  G.  Davis,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Finest  Single  Harness,  A.  F.  Berrvman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

CARRIAGES,    RUGGIES.    AC. 

Two  horse  Carriage.  J.  P.  Traeey,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Two  horse  Wagon.  W.  II    Miller,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Wheel  lack,  (complimentary  premium.)  W.  II    Miller,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
One  hoisq  Pio*v,  W.  II.  Miller,  Ohio  counf.v.  premium. 
Wheat  Fan,  J.  McKim  &  Co.,  N.  Y.,  premium. 
Washing  Machine,  W.  [J.  Miller,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Threshing  .Machine.  W.  II.  Miller,  agent  Emory  &  Bros.,  N.  Y.,  premium. 
Straw  Cutter,  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co  ,  Louisville,  Ky  ,  premium. 
Scythe  &  Cradle,  R.  P.  Moseley,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

Sample  one  bushel- wheat,  A.  Baker,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Sample  one  bushel  corn,  Win.  S.  Barrett,  Oiiio  county,  premium. 

Sample  five  pounds   Tobacco,  (manufacturing  leal.)   Win.  Duke,  Jr.,  Ohio  county,  premium.. 

Sample  live  pounds  Tobacco,  (.-steming  leal.)  J.  A.    Towns,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Pair  Chiekeus,  11.  D.  MclJenry,  Ohio  conti'y,  p  emium. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion  four  years  and  upwards,  J    W.  Sch.-nk,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  \ears  old,  W.J.  Eidson,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  old,  D.  0.  Helm,  Butler  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  yiir  old,  E.   A.  Maddux,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion  Colt,  E.  A.  Maddux,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  four  years  old  and  upward,  W.  1).  Golem  in.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  three  years  old  and  upward,  T.   C.  Carson,  Butler  county,  piemipm. 

Gelding,  two  years  old  aud  upward,  J.  B.  Stephens,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  upward,  William  Bell,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  lour,  William  Bell,  premium. 
Bull,  two  yens  old  and   under  three,  .1    A.    Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Bml,  one  \ear  old  and  under  two,  J.   '['.   Nance,  Diviess  county,  premium. 
Bull  Calf,  J.  W.  llaydcn,  Muhlcnborg  couuiy,  premium. 


490  REPORT  OF  THE 

Yoke  Oxen,  W.  B.  McLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Milk  Cow,  J.  W.  Johnson,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Milk  Cow,  one  and  under  two   years,  J.  B.  Bennett;  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Cow  Calf,  J.  W.  Johnson,  McLean  county,  premium. 

HOGS    AND    SHEEP. 

Boar  over  one  year  old,  E.  K.  McLean,  Muhlenburg  county,  premium. 

Largest  Hog,  VV.  B.  McLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Sow,  one  year  old  and  upward,  W.  B.  .YlcLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Fatted  Hog,  A.  G.  Fields,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Best  Buck,  H.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Best  Ewe,  H.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

JACKS,    JENNETS    AND    MULES. 

Jack,  three  years  old  and  upward,  VV.  N    Wand,  Muhlenburg  county,  premium. 

Jack,  two  and  under  three  years,  John  Woodward,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Jack,  one  and  under  two  years.  John  B.  Stephens,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Jennet,  three  years  and  upward,  J.  B.  Stephens,  Ohio  county  premium. 

Jennet,  two  and  under  three  years,  Virgil  Stephens,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Jennet  Colt.  J.   B.  Stephens,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mule,  three  years  and  upward,  J.  C.  Talbot,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Mule,  one  and  under  two  years,  J.  R.  McKinney,   Warren  county,  premium. 

Mule  Colt,  J.  G    Ferguson,  Butler  county,  premium. 

Mule,  two  and  under  three  years,  W.   W.  Shoemaker,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  upward,  W.  J.  Eidson.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  and  under  three  years,  Arch.  Patterson,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  and  under  two  years,  E.   A.  Maddox,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion  Colt,  John  A.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,   premium. 

Gelding  over  four  years  old,  W.  J.  Berry,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  three  and  under  four  years,  E.  R    Esklidge,  Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Mare,  four  years  and  upward,    W.  Warden,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mare,  three  and  under  four  years,  W.  D    Coleman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mare,  two  atid  under  three  years,  W.  B.   McLean,  Ohio  county,  prtmium. 

Mare,  one  and  under  two  years,  Wm.   Woods,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  R.  Renfro,  Grayson  county,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  four  years  and  upward,  E.  A    Maddox,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  Joseph  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Saddle  Brood  Mare,  Colt,  James  T.   Ewell,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  upward,  VV .   B.  McLean.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  John  Collier,  Jefferson  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  W.  I'.  Chapman,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  Ben.  Patterson,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion  Colt,  H.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mare,  over  four  years  old.   Dr.  H.  P.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium 

Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  Jesse  Moorman,  Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  W.  J.  Robertson,  Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  Edward  P    Lee,  Butler  county,  premium. 

Mare  Colt,  Joseph   Newell,  Daviess  county,   premium. 

Gelding,  four  years  and  upward,  J.  S.  Lightfoot,  Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  Thomas  H    Pointer,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  Dr.   Broad n ax,  Oldham  county,  premium. 

Single  Buggy  Horse,  J.  S.  Lightfoot,    Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Single  Buggy  Mare,  J.  B    Chapman,  Warren  county,  premium. 

Single  Buggy  Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  T    Hewett,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Buggy  Stallion,  Sharp  &.  Dotson,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

FINE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  over  four  years  old,  William  P.  Sublett,  Warren  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  W.  J.  Eidson.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  S.  A.  Jackson.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion,  one  year  and  under  two,  E.  A    Maddox,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Stallion  Colt,  H.  D.  Taylor,  Ohio  county,  premium 

Gelding,  four  years  old,  H.  D.  McHeury,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  three  years  and  under  four,  Thomas  H.  Pointer,   Daviess  county,  premium. 

Gelding,  two  years  and  under  three,  J.  A.  Jackson,  Ohio  county,  premium. 


STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  491 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  upward,  E.   A.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  premium. 
Mare,  three  years  and  under  four,  H.   A.  Swain,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Mare,  two  years  and  under  three.  W.  B.  McLean,  Ohio  county,  premium. 
Mare,  one  year  and  under  two,  J.  P.  Lee,  Butler  county,  premium. 
Mare  Colt,  E.  A.  Hathaway,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallion.  J.  D.  Davis,  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Mare,  W.  B.  McLean.  Ohio  county,  premium. 

Gelding.  J   S.  Lightfoot.  Breckinridge  county,  premium. 

Buggy  Gelding  and  Mare,  T.  Hewett,  Daviess  county,  premium. 

Best   Bu»gy  Drive",  Capt.  Murphy,  Muhlenburg  county,  premium. 

Best  Rider,  Dr.  H.  P.  Taylor,  Hartford,  premium. 

From  the  Owensboro'  National  American,  of  Nov.  5. 
OHIO  COUNTY  FAIR. 

We  had  the  pleasure  last  week  of  attending  the  first  exhibition  of  the  Ohio  County  Agri- 
cultural, Mechanical,  and  Domestic  Society,  at  their  beautiful  fair  grounds  about  a  half  mile 
from  town.  The  weather  was  cool  and  unpleasant,  but  not  enough  so  to  prevent  a  full  attend- 
ance of  people  at  the  fair  each  day.  The  amount  of  stock  exhibited  was  very  large,  equally 
as  great  as  was  exhibited  at  the  Daviess  county  fair.  The  crowd  assembled  varied  from  two 
to  three  Thousand,  and  was  composed  of  representatives  from  Ohio,  Daviess,  McLean  Muhlen- 
burg. Butler,  Warren,  Grayson,  Breckinrkige,  and  Hancock,  all  of  which  counties  adjoin  each 
other,  rendering  Hartford  the  most  central   locality. 

The  fair  grounds  were  conveniently  arranged  and  beautifully  situated.  The  amphitheatre 
extends  only  one  third  around  the  circle,  and  was  at  no  time  sufficiently  large  to  seat  the 
crowd.  The  ring  was  sufficiently  large,  and  the  judge's  stand  in  the  center  is  much  hand- 
somer than  any  we  have  noticed. 

The  grounds  were  arranged  and  the  buildings  constructed  by  Mr.  Graves,  who  is  one  of  the 
best  and  most  expeditious  workmen  we  ever  knew. 

He  has,  moreover,  one  quality  which  we  are  sorry  to  s\y  is  entirely  wanting  in  the  workmen 
who  have  been  building  the  jobs  on  our  fair  grounds,  and  that  is  the  quality  of  asking  no  more 
for  his  work  than  was  reasonable.  The  building  committee  had  sufficient  confidence  in  him 
as  to  allow  him  to  construct  the  work,  draw  on  them  for  money  to  pay  his  hands  and  other  ex- 
penses, and  afterwards  leave  it  to  himself  to  say  what  his  own  sprvices  were  worth.  His 
charge  was  by  the  day,  and  not  over  $2,  when  we  are  creditably  informed  that  some  workman 
boasted  of  having  made  $6  a  day  off  of  the  Daviess  county  society  for  his  work  on  our  fair 
grounds.  We  think  our  society  would  make  money  by  importing  Mr.  Graves  from  Hartford 
to  do  the  next  building  on  our  fair  grounds. 

He  was  voted  a  complimentary  premium  and  a  vote  of  thanks  by  the  officers  of  the  society, 
for  his  liberality  towards  the  society 

This  exhibition  is  the  first  of  the  Ohio  county  society,  and  we  assert  without  fear  of  contra- 
diction that  it  was  the  best  fair,  for  the  first  exhibition,  that  ever  came  off  in  the  Green  river 
country. 

The  officers  were  all  perfect  gentlemen,  and  manifested  a  willingness  and  a  desire  to  do 
everything  in  their  power  to  cause  the  fair  to  pass  off  pleasantly.  They  made  every  personal 
sacrifice  for  the  good  of  the  society;  they  were  clever  and  accommodating  to  everv  one,  and 
their  hospital ity,  as  well  as  that  of  other  citizens,  was  unbounded.  Many  of  the  officers  were 
judges  of  stoi'k,  and  their  names  were  so  published,  but  hearing  that  such  was  not  the  custom, 
every  one  declined  to  act  in  that  capacity;  vet  we  think  that  they  would  have  given  much 
more  satisfaction  than  some  who  acted  in  their  stead 

They,  however,  acted  right,  and  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  owners  of  stock,  as  far  as 
we  heard  any  expression  of  opinion 

Several  of  our  Daviess  county  exhibitors  were  very  much  disappointed  at  the  awards  of 
several  premiums,  and  withdrew  their  stock  from  the  grounds;  but  those  who  remained,  came 
home  with  a  full  share  of  premiums. 

Several  of  our  ladies  patronized  the  fair,  by  an  exhibition  of  their  hmdiwork.  Mrs.  R.  M. 
Hathaway  took  a  premium  on  a  beau  iful  worsted  quilt.  Mrs.  Thixton  a  complimentary  pre 
mium  on  a  coverlet,  which  was  admired  by  all,  and  was  of  such  superior  quality  as  to  cause 
some  to  doubt  whether  it  was  made  or  "come  out  of  the  store."  We  publish  to  day  a  full  list 
of  premiums  awarded  at  the  fair. 

There  was  one  anomaly  in  Hartford  which  is  such  a  rarity  in  this  section  of  the  country 
that  it  deserves  special  notice,  and  that  was  a  good  cheap  hotel,  with  a  clever  landlord,  who 
would  not  take  an  advantage  of  his  position  to  extort  a  high  charge  from  his  guests.  He  fed 
you  well,  gave  yon  as  good  a  bed  as  you  could  expect  under  the  circumstances,  had  your  horse 
carefully  attended  to,  and  charged  you  uniformly  at  the  rate  of  f  1  5h  a  day  for  man  and  horse; 
when  in  this  town  it  is  uniformly  at  the  rates  of  $2  25,  and  at  Henderson,  at  the  Taylor 
House,  uniformly  at  any  rate  ranging  from  $3  up  to  the   'size   of  your  pile.'' 


492  REPORT  OF  THE 

Wc  have  already  spoken  of  the  hospitality  of  the  citizen^,  which  wis  as  it  always  his  been 
in  Harford,  pf culiarl v  liberal  ami  bounteous  VVe  cannot  rel'c.iin  from  returning  our  thinks 
to  Mr.  VV.  J.  Eidson  and  his  pleasant  l.idy  for  their  kinlness  tow  irds  m    on   several   occasions. 

There  were  some  very  fine  displays  in  the  class  of  'the  products  of  the  field.'  Several  en- 
cumbers which  weiahed  six  pound-!,  some  tremendous  beets  and  sweet  pot  itocs,  als  >  several 
watermelons  raised  by  IT.  D.  Tuylor.;  who  surpassed  any  farmer  in  the  country  in  the  weight, 
size  and  quality  of  his  watermelon*.  It  will  be  remembered  that  two  of  his  watermelons  were 
on  exhibition  at  our  fair,  on;  of  which  weighed  fifty-four  pounds  and  the  other  fifty  two. 

Ohio  county  is  emphatically  a  tobacco  growing  county.     Scarcely    a   farmer  but  cukivites 
the  weed.     The  exhibition  of  tobacco  was  v^cy  large,  and  it  was  a  very  difficult  matter  to  de 
terinine  to  whom  the  premium  should  be  awarded. 

'The  band  which  had  been  engaged    from  Caunelton  did    not   arrive,    but  in    the   absence  of 
anything  belter  a  drum,  clarionet,  fiddle,  bones,  and  a  few  oilier  such  instruments,  supplied  the 
defect.     VVe  heard  a  gentleman  from  our  county,  whom  we  have  considered  of  fine  taste,  say 
that  the  music  at  Hartford  was  better  than  it  was  here,  but  on  that  point  we  respectfully  differ 
ed  with  him. 

At  night  the  young  folks  amused  themselves  bv  tripping  the  "light  fantastic  toe,"  at  thi 
Masonic  Hall,  and  these  ho^s  were  by  no  means  the  most  uninteresting  feature  of  the  week 
to  a  lame  anil  select  crowd. 

We  think. that  the  members  of  the  Ohio  county  society  have  every  reason  to  congratulate 
Ihemselves  upon  their  first  exhibition,  and  if  their  society  progresses  as  it  should,  and  as  they 
have  every  reason  to  h  >pe  that  it  will,  their  great  object  will  be  achieved,  and  Ohio  county 
will  take  a  high  stand  in  the  leading  ranks  of  the  Green  river  counties. 


SPRINGFIELD  UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND   MECHANICAL    ASSOCIATION. 

Springfield,  Nov.  19,  1857. 
R.  VV.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec  K  S.  A   Socity: 

Dkar  Sir: — In  compliance  with  your  published  request  I  will  try  and  give  you  such 
a  sketch  of  the  Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  as  I  am  in  pos- 
session of  facts. 

In  the  spring  of  1855  the  farmers  of  this  county,  feeling  the  necessity  of  some  such  associa- 
tion to  stimulate  them  to  an  improvement  of  their  stock,  to  an  increased  production  of  the  soil, 
to  a  perfection  in  the  mechanic  arts,  and  to  that  encouragement  of  domestic  manufacture  of 
all  articles  needed  in  the  family,  which  lias  so  long  been  neglected  and  almost  in  disuse,  pro- 
posed that  we  would  have  a  fair  to  come  off  on  the  second  week  in  October  of  that  year.  A 
paper  was  started  in  circulation  making  the  price  of  membership  $10,  and  for  that  sum  giving 
to  the  members  all  the  ptivilegcs  of  the  association.  A  sufficient  amount  was  soon  subscrib- 
ed to  purchase  twelve  acres  of  ground,  beautifully  situated  in  the  vicinity  of  Springfield,  at 
the  price  of  #100  per  acre,  and  to  inclose  the  same  with  a  tight  fence  costing  $Si>0,  digging  a 
well  costing  $300,  making  ample  arrangements  to  accommodate  stock  with  stalls,  paying  offi- 
cers, &c.  &.c. 

We  were  warranted  by  the  seeming  interest  taken  by  the  citizens  of  our  county,  to  base  our 
premium  list  upon  the  income  expected  to  be  derived  at  the  fair,  which  we  made  out  in  the 
aggregate  t0  amouilt  to  $725,  which  was  fully  met,  and  our  people  highly  delighted  and  bene- 
fitted. 

The  next  Spring,  all  the  members,  stimulated  by  previous  success,  determined  to  erect  an 
amphitheatre,  and  to  raise  the  amount  necessary  in  the  following  manner:  Each  member,  at 
his  own  option,  to  loan  the  Association  an  amount  in  proportion  to  his  capability,  for  the  space 
of  five  years,  to  bear  interest  at  6  per  cent,  and  payable  annually.  At  the  expiration  of  five 
years,  if  the  amount  was  not  otherwise  raised,  the  grounds  and  improvements  were  to  be  sold 
to  discharge  the  debt,  those  furnishing  the  money  to  become  the  purchasers,  and  to  carry  it  on 
as  before,  with  the  membership  lessened;  $:?,5'IU  was  soon  raised,  and  a  contract  made  for  an 
amphitheatre,  one.  hundred  and  forty  feet  in  diameter  in  the  inner  circle,  seats,  offices,  music 
6tands  &c.  &.c.     At  our  fair  of  this  year,  1856,  our  amphitheatre  was  only  partially  completed, 


STATE    AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  493 

for  want  of  time.  Our  premiums  amounted  to  $l,f00,  in  tlie  aggregate,  all  largely  and 
closely  contested  for;  iimJ  the  visitors  from  a  distance  pronounec  this  as  the  Horse  Fair  of  tha 
State,  both  last  year  and  this.     Our  income  tiiis  year  amounted  to  $1,200. 

In  (lie  spring  of  the  present  year,  stimulated  by  previous  success,  the  Directory  determined 
to  push  forward  the  completion  of  the  improvements,  and  added  $1,000  more  to  the  costs, 
which  gave  us  beautiful  grounds  and  improvements,  all  pud  for,  the  Association  out  of  deb', 
save  (he  loan  before  spoken  of,  and  everything  moving  on  well;  the  premium  list  of  this  year 
about,  the  same  as  last,  and  the  income   %  1  ,400. 

At  your  suggestion,  sir,  the  Directory  appointed  a  speaker  to  deliver  an  address,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  resolution  of  the  State  Society  at  her  January  meeting;  but  we  were  disap- 
pointed, by  it,  being  out  of  the  power  of  the  speaker  to  attend;  therefore  we  are  not  able  to 
icpoi t  an  address. 

It  was  the  intention  of  this  Association  to  offer  all  premiums  of  $3,  in  some  agricultural  pa- 
per; but  it  was  forgotten  until  the  list  was  printed,  and  then  thought  to  be  impracticable  to 
change. 

']  he  names  of  the  officers  of  the  Society  are  as  follows  : 

Edmund  L.  Davidson,  President;  Milton  Rogers,  Wilson  Jones.  J.  Woodson  Burton,  Vice 
Presidents;  Jas.  R.  Hughes,  Secretary;  Hugh  MeElroy,  Treasurer.;  Moideeai  Hardin,  Thos. 
R.  Browne,  Edward  Mattinglv,  Jas.  C.  Bascom,  Cleiand  T.  Cunningham,  Daniel  B  Hughes, 
Levi  J.  Smith,  Jas.  R.  Hughes,  VVm.  J.  Robertson,  Benedict  E  Montgomery,  Joseph  Thomas 
Ileiny  Spalding,  John  H.  Wakefield,  Jos.  Spalding  and  Samue1  R   Grundy,  Directors. 

The  products  of  this  county  are,  corn,  wheat,  rye,  oats,  and  all  the  vegetables  of  this  cli- 
mate. The  slock  consists  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs.  We  have  a  fine  class  of  hordes. 
General  attention  is  now  turned  to  the  improvement  of  our  cattle,  and  we  ship  a  great  many 
hogs  each  year.     Fruit  is  growing  in  importance  with  us. 

We  lost  your  letter,  in  which  you  laid  down  the  plan  you  desired  these  reports  made  out, 
and  I  knew  of  no  other  way  to  meet  the  case.  Our  Association  have  been  well  pleased  with 
•  he  manner  you  have  filled  your  office,  and  the  interest  you  take  in  the  enterprise. 

JAMES  R.  HUGHES,  Secretary. 

PREMIUM    LIST   OF   THE    SPRINGFIELD   UNION    AGRICULTURAL   AND  ME- 
CHANICAL ASSOCIATION, 

FIRST  DAY. 

ladies'   MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  strictly  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards,             -         •         -         -         -  $  3  Of) 

Negio  Jeans,  strietly  home  marie,  not  less  than  ten  yards            -         -         •         -         -  3<0 

White  Linse.y,  strictly  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards,         -         -         -         -         -  2  00 

Plain  or    Colored  L'usey,  strictly  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards,         -         -         -  3  00 

White  Flannel,  strictly  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 2  00 

Carpet,   Woolen,  strictly  home  made,  not  less  than  ten  yards, 3  00 

Pair  Woolen  Hose, strictly  home  made, -         -         -         -  1  00 

Pair  Half-Hose,  !>v  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,           - 1   00 

Pair  Blankets,  home-made,         .---.....-.  3  00 

Linen  Diaper,  ten  yards,  home  made, 2  <0 

Flax   Linen,  fourteen  yards,  home  made,    ---...--         -2  00 

'Tow   Linen,  ten  yards,  home  made, 1  00 

Sewing  '1  bread,  three  pounds,  home  made, 1  00 

Ladies'  Shoes,  made  by  a  lnily, -          -          -          -          -  2  00 

Jurlqes—L.  McKay."  Jr,  Baidstown;  David  Phillips,  Lebanon;  Thos.  Young,  Springfield; 
G.  B.  Gartners,  Springfield;  John  M.  Smith,  M.ixville. 

QUI  I/IS,   <tc. 

Silk  Quilt, 5  00 

C>>ttou  Quilt,  young  men  offer  work  box,  worth, 10  00 

Worsted  Quilt, .......  5  00 

Best  display  of  Flowers,              ..............  1  00 

Best.  Haiid'Boqnet,               -     \  -                  .........  1  00 

B-st  specimen  Worsted  Embtoiderv,           .........  3  00 

Best  specimen  Silk  Embroideiy,     "-.....  3  «»0 

Best  specimen  Necdle-Woik,  MeElroy  &  Rinekart's  Gins,  work  box,  worth,     -         -10  00 


494 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges — Mrs.  E.  L.  Dawson,  Washington;  Mrs.  Joshua  Hopkins,  Washington;  Mrs.  C.  D. 
Case.  Washington;  Mrs.  R.  C.  Palmer,  Washington;  Miss  Mary  Polin,  Washington;  Mrs. 
John  C.  Maxwell,  Lebanon. 

BOOTS,    SHOES,    LEATHER,    AC. 

Best  pair  Men's  Boots, 2  00 

Best  pair  Coarse  Negro  Shoe3, 1   00 

Best  Bedstead,   -         -         -         - 3  00 

Best  Bureau,       - -  3  00 

Best  Side  of  Sole  Leather, 1   00 

Best  Side  of  Upper  Leather,       -----------  l   (10 

Judges — Benjamin  Spalding,  Marion;  John  R.  Jenkins,  Washington;  Leonard  Spalding, 
Marion;  John  Y    Humphries,  Bardstown;  John  T.  Browne,  Bloouifield. 

TAILORING. 

Gent's  Coat,  made  and  pressed  by  a  tailor, 5  00 

Gent's  Coat,  made  and  pressed  by  a  lady,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Judges— ids.  C.   Lyons,  Washington;  John  K.  Starke,  Washington;    Archibald  A.  Ter- 
rill,  Fairfield;  John  Burton,  Perryville. 

CARRIAGES,  BUGGIES,  <6C. 

Best  Carriage,             10  00 

Best  Buggy, 5  00 

Best  Double  Harness, 5  00 

Best  Single  Harness, 3  00 

Best  Saddle  and  Bridle, 3  00 

Best  display  of  Harness  for  the  farm, 5  (10 

Judges — Danl.  Kelly,  Bardstown;  Haydon  E.  Stone,  Bloomfield;  Robert  Clarke,  Maxville; 
S.  E.  Feinan,  Danville;  Wm.  R.  Casey,  Springfield. 

FARMING    IMPLEMENTS,    SHOWN    BY    MANUFACTURERS. 

Two-horse  Plow,  for  sod,             -         -         -         -         -         --         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Two  horse  Plow,  for  stubble,      -                           -         -                           ....  5  ou 

One  horse  Plow, 2  00 

Roller, 2  00 

Cultivator, 2  «»0 

Wagon,  large  or  small,       ------ 5  00 

Cutting- Box,      - 2  00 

Pump,                 2  00 

1  hreshing  Machine, 10  00 

Reaping  Machine, 10  00 

Mowing  Machine,       -         -         -         - 10  00 

Corn  Sheller, 2  00 

Wheat  Kan, 3  00 

Corn  Crusher, 5  00 

Hay  Rake, 2  00 

judges — Daniel  Everheart,  Marion;  Joseph  Miller,  Larue;  Wm.  D.  Huston,  Nelson;  Jordan 
Peter,  Boyle;  Theodore  Spalding,  Washington. 

PROnUCTS    OF    THE    FIELD. 

Corn,  largest  yield  of  five  acres, 5  00 

Best  one  dozen  ears  for  bread,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -          -         -         -  1  00 

Best  one  dozen  ears  for  stock,    -----------  1   00 

Wheat,  largest  yield  per  acre,  five  acres,  -         -         - 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  one  bushel,     -----------  1  00 

Oats,  largest  yield  per  acre,  five  acres,        -...-.-.         -  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  one  bushel, .-.-•_..-  1  00 

Rye,  largest  yield  per  acre,  five  acres,        ---------  3  00 

Barley,  largest  yield  per  acre,  five  acres,    -----..--  3  00 

Clover  Seed,  one  bushel,  best  and  cleanest,         -------  1  00 

Timothy  Seed,  one  bushel,  best  and  cleanest,     --------  1  00 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  best  and  cleanest,       -         -         -                   -         -         -         -         -  1   00 

Judges—  James  Green,  Washington;  Stephen  C.  Browne,  Washington;  Joseph  O.  Daniel, 
Marion;  Eli  Adams,  Marion;  Clement  Riney,  Washington. 

ORCHARD    PRODUCTS. 

Apples,  best  display  of  good  varieties, 2  00 

Apples,  best  variety  of  one  peck,         ----------  1  00 

Peaches,  best  display  of  good  varieties,       -         -         -         - 2  00 

Peaches,  best  one  dozen,     •         - -  1  00 

Best  and  greatest  variety  of  fruit, 3  00 

Kentucky  Wine,  best  six  bottles, 5  00 

Judges—  J  nines  S.  Hopkins,  Boyle;  E.  B.  Smith,  Nelson;  Edward  Hugh,  Danville;  Foster 
Bay,  N.  H.  Noble,  Marion. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETT.  495 

GARDEN     PRODUCTS. 

Potatoes,  largest  yield  of  one  quarter  acre,        ........         3  00 

Best  kind  of  one  bushel, 1  00 

Swet-t  or  Yam,  one  peck,   ------------]    00 

Best  three  deads  of  Cabbage, 1  00 

Best  one  dozen  Beets, 1   00 

Best  display  of  Vegetables, 2  00 

Judges — Paul  I.  Booker,  Washington;  Harvey  Johnson,  Marion;  William  Johnson,  Nelson; 
Uriah  Gastin,  Marion;   Anthony   McElroy,  Washington. 

Persons  competing  for  a  premium  for  the  largest  yield  per  acre,  are'  to  have  the  ground 
measured  by  a  competent  surveyor,  and  must  produce  their  certificate  as  to  the  quantity  in 
cultivation. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  of  Turkeys, 1  00 

Pair  of  Ducks", 1  00 

Pair  of  Shanghai  Chickens, 1  00 

Pair  of  Dorking  Chickens, 1  00 

Pair  of  Cochin  China,         .......---..  1  00 

Pair  of  Bramah  Pootra,       ....                    1  1)0 

Best  display  of  Poultry,      - 3  00 

Judges — Tbos.  Glaybrook,  Robt.  C.  Palmer,  Washington;  Patterson,  Mercer;  Stephen  C. 
Browne,  Washington. 

DAIRY. 

Butter,  three  pounds,  -         - 1  CO 

Ten  pounds  Honey,    ---------         ---1   00 

Loaf  of   Wheai,  Bread, -         -         -         -         1  00 

Loaf  of  Corn  Bread, 1  00 

Ham,  cooked,     --------------         1  00 

Barrel  Flour, 8  00 

Barrel  Meal, 3  00 

All  premium  articles  under  the  head  of  Dairy,  are  considered  as  belonging  to  the  Associa- 
tion, and  to  be  sold  at  auction. 

Judges — Joseph  Browne,  Bardstown;  George  Phillips,  Marion;  Robt.  Reed,  Maxville;  Wm. 
H.  Hawkins,  New  Market;  Benjamin  Duncan,  Nelson. 

SECOND  DAY. 

SHEEP. 

Long  Wool,  best  Buck  of  Cotswold,  Leicester,  Bakewell,  and  New  Oxfordshire,         -         5  00 

Bakewell  Ewe,  5  00 

Middle  Wool,  Southdown,  best  Buck, 5  00 

Middle  Wool,  Southdown,  best  Ewe, -5  10 

Best  pair  of  Lambs  of  any  kind, -         -         5  00 

Judges  —  Harvey  McElroy,  Marion;  Edmond  Grans,  Nelson;  Major  John  G.  Handy,  Mer- 
cer; Joseph  Lee,  Boyle;  Wm.  D.  Irvin,  Boyle. 

CATTLE. 

Bull  four  years  old  and  upwards,         -         -          -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Bull  three  years  old  and  under  four,  ----------  10  00 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -                   ........  8  00 

Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,         -         -         -         - 8  00 

Bull  under  one  year  old,               ............  8  00 

Cow  four  years  old  and  upwards,         •         -       '-         -------  10  00 

Cow  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -          -         -         -  J-    - 10  00 

Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three,    ----------  8  00 

Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two.        ..........  8  00' 

Cow  under  one  year  old,     ------------  8  00 

Judges — J.  P.  Fisher,  Boyle;  Charles  Worthington,  Boyle;  Thomas  Grundy,  Washington; 
Berry  Guthrie,  Nelson;  John  G.  Handy,  Mercer. 

Milch  Cow, 5  00 

Fat  Bullock,  Free  Martin  or  Spayed  Heifer, 10  00 

Fine  best  fat  Sheep, 5  00 

Yoke  of  Oxen  of  any  age, 5  00 

Judges — Peter  Brown,  Washington;  Isaac  D.  Stone,  Nelson;  Green  Duncan,  Nelson;  Alfred 
Young,  Marion;  Nelson  Lee,  Boyle. 

SPECIAL    PREMIUMS    OFFERED    BY    JAS.    C.    BASCOM, 

Best  Horse  Colt,  of  Bucephalus'  gel, 10  00 

Best  Mare  Colt,  of  Bucephalus' get, -         -       30  00 


496 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges — Milton  Rogers,  Washington;  Joseph  Spalding,  Washington,  Thos.  Browne,  Wash- 
ington; Edmund  L.  Davidson,  Washington;  John  Ewing,  Washington;  Henry  Spaulding, 
Washington. 

HOGS. 

Boar  one  year  old  and  upwards,  ..-......-500 

Boar  six  months  and  under  one  year  old,  -         ------         --3  00 

Sow  one  ^ear  old  and  upwards,  -         -  --------         5  00 

Sow  six  months  and  under  one  year  old,     -----  ....         3  00 

Pair  Pigs  under  six  monlhs  old,  ...--.-.  -5  00 

Litter  of   Pigs,  not  less  than  six, 5  00 

Three  hes-t  lai.ted  Harrows  or  Sows,     -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  5  00 

iudges — David  K.  Best,  Washington;  Abram  Canary,  Washington;  Uriah  Gart'tn,  Marion; 
Wade  ti.  Moore,  Washington;  Elias  Brown,  Washington. 

THIRD  DAY. 

florse  Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards,     .--..-                   -         -  10  00 

Horse  Mule  one  year  and  under  two,            -          -          -..'-.         -          -..'•-          -          -  10  00 

Horse  Mule  under  one  year  old,       -   -         -         -                   •          -         -          -.'.,'-         ■  8  00 

Mare  Mule  two  years  and  upwards,    -         •         -         -         -         -         •          ■'                  -  10  00 

Mare  Mule  one  year  and  under  two,   -■------.  10  00 

Mare  Mule  underoiie  year  old,   -----------  8  00 

Pair  Mules  in  harness,* - 10  00 

JltfZyes— William  Duke,  Boyle;  David  W.  Phillips,  Marion;  Henry  C.  Mattingly,  Marion; 
Joseph  McDowell,  Boyle;  Wm.  Minor,  Nelson. 

FINE    RUNG  —  BLOODED    STALLIONS. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,       -         -         -         -         -         -         •         -         •         •         -  10  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,           ....                ,    .  10  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,           -         -                   -         •         - .   ..  -          -         -         -  8  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,       -         -         -         -       ■  -         -         -         -         -         •         -  8,  00 

Under  one  year  old,  .-----------.  8  00 

FINE  RING  —  BLOODED   MARES. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,       -  -  ] 0  00 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  -  -         •         -         ■  •         -         -         -       10  00 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  -         -         -  -         •  -  -         •         -         -         8  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,      -  •-•--•----         8  00 

Under  one  year  old,  ......  .....£00 

iudges  —  Felix  G.  Murphy,  Nelson;  John  R  Jones,  Nelson;  Paul  I  Booker,  Washington; 
Win.  O.  McMeekin,  Shelby;  Henry  Farris,  Lincoln. 

STALLIONS    FOR    ALL    WORK. 

Four  years  old  and  upwards,       --.-.-.... 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         -         -         • 

Two  years  "Id  an  1  under  three,  ....... 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  -         -         •         -         - 

Unler  one  year  old,  ........... 

BROOD  MARES  FOR  ALL  WORK. 

Four  years  old  and  upward,         .......... 

Three  years  old  and  under  four,  ......... 

Two  years  old  and  under  three,  -  ....... 

One  year  old  and  under  two,       .......... 

Under  one  year  old,    ----  --..... 

Judges — Logan  Railey,  Woodford;  Newell  MeClasky,  Nelson;  David  Hcathe,  Boyle; 
George  F.  Lee,  Boyle;  William  L.  Kirk,  Marion 

HARNE-S    HORSES. 

Harness  Srallion  in  Harness,       -         -  -         -         -  -  •         -         •       10  00 

Ridin;;  Stallion  under  Saddle, 10  00 

Judges—  Joseph  O  Daniel  Marion;  Daniel  Everheart,  Marion;  Mat.  Doom  Bullitt;  Charles 
Cauibtow,  Washington;   Henry  Baker,  Washington. 

- 
FOURTH  DAY. 


10  00 

10  00 

3  00 

8  00 

8  00 

10  00 

10  00 

8  00 

8  00 

8  00 

JACKS  AND  JENNETS. 


Jack  four  years  old  and  upwards, 
Jack  three  years  old  under  four, 
Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three,    - 
Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two. 


10  00 

10  00 

8  00 

8  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  497 

Jack  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

Jennet  four  years  old  and  upwards,    ------  -         -         -         -       10  00 

Jennet  three  years  old  and  under  lour,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -       10  00 

Jennet  two  year  old  and  under  three,  -  -------         8  00 

Jennet  one  year  old  and  under  two,    ----------8  00 

Jennet  under  one  year  old,  -----------8  00 

Judges— Richard  Paxton,  Anderson;  William  Moberly,  Mercer;  Thos.  Salter,  Garrard;  John 
R.  Jones,  Nelson;  Harvy  McElroy,  Lebanon. 

CARRIAGE    HORSES. 

Pair  Harness  Horses  in  Harness, 10  00 

Pair  Harness  Mares  in   Harness,           ------         .         ...  10  00 

Saddle  Horse  under  the  Saddle, 10  00 

Saddle  Mare  under  the  Saddle, 10  00 

Buggy  Horse  in  Harness,    -                                    10  00 

Buggy  Mare  in  Harness, 10  00 

Judges — John  Robertson,  Washington;  Joseph  L.  Reynolds,  Jefferson;  James  Caldwell, 
Boyle;  James  Kirk,  Marion;  Dr.  C.  D.  Case,  Washington. 

TROTTING  RING. 

Fastest  Trotting  Gelding  or  Mare, 10  0G 

Special  premium  offered  by  Logan  J.  Bosley. 
Best  Stallion  or  Gelding  of  any  age,  that  has  received  a  certificate  at  the  present  Fair,      10  00 
Best  J)  Mare  of  any  age,  that  has  taken  a  certificate  as  above,      -        -         -         -         -       10  00 

Judges— Samuel  B.  Thompson,  Hardin;  Wm.  M.  Booker,  Washington;  Simeon  Lewis,  Jef- 
ferson; Isaac  Johnson,  Nelson. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

1.  The  Fair  will  open  each  morning  at  9  o'clock,  at  which  time  the  Judges  are  requested 
to  report  themselves  to  the  President,  at  his  office,  on  the  day  they  are  to  act. 

2.  All  entries  for  Exhibition  must  be  made  with  the  Secretary  by  9  o'clock,  A.  M.,  on  the 
day  of  their  Exhibition. 

3.  All  stock  or  articles  brought  on  the  Fair  Grounds  for  Exhibition,  shall  be  subject  to  the 
Marshal's  order. 

4.  All  Exhibitions  will  be  made  in  the  order  they  appear  in  the  printed  bills. 

5.  No  persons  will  be  permitted  to  enter  the  ring  except  the  President,  Secretary,  Marshals, 
and  Judges.  The  Judges  will  retire  as  soon  as  their  Awards  are  made  known  to  the  Secre- 
tary. 

6.  No  person  will  be  allowed  to  Exhibit  any  article  of  which  they  are  not  the  real  owner. 
Persons  not  members  of  the  Association,  may  have  the  privilege  of  Exhibiting,  on  the  pay- 
ment of  five  dollars;  and  for  showing  or  exhibiting  one  animal  or  article,  two  dollars  and  fifty 
cents. 

7.  No  person  shall  make  known  his  ownership,  or  pedigree  of  the  stock  to  the  Judges  be 
fore  Exhibition,  without  thereby  forfeiting  the  Premium  awarded. 

8.  No  animal  will  be  permitted  to  stand  hitched  to  a  vehicle  on  the  Fair  Grounds. 

9.  No  partnership  property  shall  be  exhibited,  unless  all  the  owners  are  stockholders  or 
members,  without  paying  the  usual  fees. 

ID.  No  article  or  stock  shall  be  exhibited  by  the  owner  in  person,  except  saddle  or  harness 
horses. 

11.  No  Huckster  will  be  permitted  to  sell  or  vend  articles  or  refre^Mnents  on  the  ground 
without  first  obtaining  license  from  the  Secretary.  ^w^ 

12.  All  officers  of  this  Association  will  wear  white  badges;  Marshals  red;  and  Judges 
blue. 

13.  All  premiums  awarded  will  be  delivered  by  the  Secretary  on  the  day  they  are  awarded. 

14.  The  prices  of  admission  shall  be  as  follows:  Private  carriages  fifty  cents;  each  passen 
ger  twenty  five  cents;  buggy  twenty  five  cents;  each  passenger  twenty  five  cents;  hacks 
twenty  five  cents  each  trip;  horse  and  rider  thirty-five  cents;  footman  twenty -five  cents.  No 
person  will  be  allowed  to  enter  the  gates  without  his  ticket,  which  can  be  had  at  McElroy's 
store,  L.  J.  Bosley 's  hotel,  or  B.  Gaither's  store,  or  at  the  front  gate.  It  is  desirable  that  per- 
sons should   purchase  tickets  before  going  to  the  Fair  Grounds.     All  stockholders  will  be  re- 

32 


498 


REPORT  OF  THE 


quired  to  exhibit  their  certificates  of  stock  before  entering  the  gate,  and  enter  with  their  fam- 
ilies or  call  and  get  tickets  for  them. 

15.  Between  the  hours  of  half  past  12  and  half  past  1  o'clock,  will  be  appropriated  to  the 
sale    of  stock,  and  no  further  time  allowed. 

16.  Stalls  will  be  furnished  for  all  stock  that  may  be  brought  for  Exhibition,  and  fifty  cents 
per  day  will  be  charged  by  the  Association  per  head.     Provender  can  be  had  conveniently. 

0°  No  List  of  the  Premiums  Awarded  by  the  Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechan- 
ical Association  has  been  received  by  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Kentucky  State  Ag- 
ricultural Society. 


SOUTH  WESTERN  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

(NEAR   THE    CITY    OF    LOUISVILLE.) 

R.  W.  Scott,  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  S.A.  Society: 

Dear  Sir:  The  Grounds  of  this  Association  comprise  about  forty-three  and  a  half  acres. 
They  are  somewhat  more  than  three  miles  from  the  city  of  Louisville,  handsomely  situated 
between  the  Louisville  and  Frankfort  Railroad  'and  the  Brownsboro'  Turnpike,  by  both  of 
which  thoroughfares  they  are  bounded,  with  entrances  from  each.  The  original  cost  of  these 
Grounds  was  $20,375,  including  a  small  cottage  residence  near  their  centre.  They  are  well 
supplied  with  water,  obtained  from  wells,  cisterns,  springs  and  a  pond.  The  surf  ice  is  mostly 
set  in  blue  grass,  and  the  view  agreeably  diversified  by  forest,  fruit  and  shade  trees,  with  some 
shrubbery  and  a  number  of  handsome  evergreens. 

The  improvements  upon  the  Grounds  are  the  handsomest  and  most  extensive  in  the  United 
States.  They  consist  of  an  Amphitheatre,  a  Floral  Hall,  a  Power  Hall,  a  Hall  of  Recep- 
tion, with  Ticket  Offices  on  either  side,  a  Cottage  for  Ladies,  and  numerous  Stables  for  stock 
on  exhibition  and  for  the  use  of  visiters  on  horseback  and  in  private  carriages.  The  Amphi- 
theatre is  two  stories  high  and  two  hundred  and  sixty  feet  in  diameter  from  out  to  out.  The 
ring  for  exhibiting  animals,  within  this,  has  a  diameter  of  two  hundred  and  ten  feet,  with  an 
appropriate  structure  in  the  centre  for  Judges,  a  band  of  music,  &c.  The  seats  for  spectators 
are  divided  from  this  ring  by  a  strong  wooden  wall,  some  six  feet  in  height,  from  which  they 
rise  gradually  toward  the  outer  extreme  of  the  Amphitheatre,  from  which  they  are  again  di- 
vided by  a  circular  promenade  about  eight  feet  in  width.  Under  this  promenade  and  the 
higher  range  of  seats,  is  a  continuous  circle  of  booths,  used  by  the  stockholders  of  the  Asso- 
ciation during  Fairs,  as  private  deposites  for  provisions  and  other  articles  of  value.  On  the 
west  side  of  the  Amphitheatre,  first  floor,  are  room3  for  the  officers  and  Directors  of  the  As 
sociation,  with  corresponding  rooms  on  the  second  floor  for  Judges  in  waiting  and  distin- 
guished strangers.     The  whole  is  under  roof,  except  the  ring  for  the  exhibition  of  animals. 

Floral  Hall  is  a  polygon,  two  stories  high,  lighted  from  both  sides  and  roof,  and  having  a 
diameter  of  —  feet.  The  first  story  is  intended  for  the  exhibition  of  flowers,  fruits,  vegeta- 
bles and  samples  of  field  crops;  the  second  story  for  the  exhibition  of  the  works  Jof  art,  arti- 
cles of  domestic  manufacture,  &c,  &c.  Its  promenades  are  spacious,  its  tables  encircle  the 
whole  area,  and  altogether  it  is  admirably  calculated  to  subserve  the  purposes  for  which  it 
was  designed. 

The  Power  Hall  is  a  parallelogram,  its  superficial  dimensions  being  —  feet  by  —  feet.  It 
is  well  supplied  with  shafting,  and  has  all  appliances  to  move  any  amount  of  agricultural  or 
mechanical  machinery  that  will  probably  ever  be  collected,  at  one  time,  upon  the  Grounds  of 
the  Association. 

The  Hall  of  Reception  has  never  been  completed.  Its  broad  passage  connects  with  the 
wide  and  long  platform  of  the  Railroad,  making  ingress  and  egress  exceedingly  easy.  It  ia 
a  convenient  structure,  and  when  completed,  with  some  alteratious  and  improvements,  will  be 
ornamental  as  well  as  useful. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  499 

The  ladies'  cottage,  which  is  in  the  back  part  of  the  grounds,  is  approached  by  a  wide,  shad- 
ed avenue,  and  surrounded  by  evergreen  and  deciduous  trees. 

The  stables  are in  number,  and  ample  for  the  accommodation  of  the  largest  exhibition 

ever  made  in  this  country. 

The  South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was  organized  in  the  city  of 
Louisville  in  the  spring  of  the  year  1853.  The  first  public  suggestion,  as  to  its  formation,  was 
made  in  a  brief  communication  to  the  Daily  Courier,  written  by  Mr.  William  Short,  which  was 
followed  up  by  a  series  of  articles  by  the  Editor,  at  short  intervals,  for  several  weeks.  During 
this  time  three  or  four  meetings  were  held  in  the  Agricultural  Warehouse  of  Mr.  A.  G.  Munn, 
which  were  attended  regularly  by  a  half  dozen  persons,  among  whom  Geo.  Hancock,  W.  E. 
Anderson,  William  Short  and  W.  D.  Gallagher,  are  now  remembered.  Finally,  one  or  two 
public  meetings  were  called  at  the  Court  House,  which  were  numerously  attended  by  persons 
from  both  the  county  and  the  city,  and  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,  1853,  the  gentlemen  named  be- 
low were  elected  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  viz: 

President — Geo.  Hancock. 

Vice  Presidents — Gibson  Mallory,  Lawrence  Young,  Robt.  N.  Miller. 

Board  of  Directors — John  C.  Hull,  L.  L.  Dorsey,  Jr.,  Thomas  Bohannon,  Philip  Speed,  E. 
L.  Huffman,  James  E.  Briscoe,  Arthur  Peter,  Joseph  S.  Hite,  P.  S.  Barber,  R.  J.  Orinsby. 

Other  Officers — George  Anderson  was  appointed  Recording  Secretary,  William  Short  Corres- 
ponding Secretary,  and  Thomas  Y.  Brent  Treasurer. 

So  soon  as  the  Association  was  fully  organized,  and  land  purchased  for  Fair  Grounds,  the 
Board  of  Directors,  under  the  efficient  lead  of  Col.  Hancock  the  President,  went  actively  to 
work  at  the  erection  of  buildiugs,  and  in  making  other  necessary  preparations  for  the  first  Ex- 
hibition, which  it  was  determined  should  be  held  the  succeeding  Fall. 

The  Building  and  Improvement  account,  the  first  season  footed  up,  -         -  $14,442 

The  second  season, 2,970 

The  third  season, 2,675 

Total, $20,087 

The  expense  of  repairs  and  alterations  the  fourth  season,  added  to  the  cost  of 
the  new  buildings  put  up  tor  the  uses  of  the  United  States  Society  at  its 
National  Show  in  September,  1857.  are  believed  to  make  an  aggregate  of  not 

less  than, $  10,000 

Add  to  this,  original  cost  of  land, 18,000 

And  cost  of  two  additions  subsequently  made,  • 2,375 

And  we  have,  as  present  cost  of  the  visible  estate  of  the  Association  the  grand 
total, $  50,462 

The  Association  has  held  four  Annual  Fairs,  in  the  month  of  October  each  year,  which  have 
attracted  very  large  congregations  of  people  from  Kentucky  and  all  neighboring  States.  It 
also  held  a  Spring  Fair  in  the  month  of  June,  1856 — for  Horses  exclusively— which  brought 
together  a  large  amount  of  very  superior  stock.  Altogether,  it  has  distributed  $13,977  in  pre- 
miums, and  may  claim  to  have  exerted  a  highly  beneficial  influence  upon  the  agriculture  and 
manufactures  of  this  section  of  the  Union,  by  stimulating  improvements  in  live  stock,  in  field 
and  garden  crops,  in  fruits  and  flowers,  in  domestic  manufactures,  in  dairy  products,  and  in 
agricultural  implements  and  machinery.  Its  Fifth  Annual  Fair  would  have  been  held  in  the 
autumn  of  1857,  but  for  the  occupancy  of  its  grounds  by  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society 
whose  National  Show  took  place  in  the  month  of  September. 

The  South  Western  Society  receives  annual  members,  but  is  essentially  a  joint  stock  asso- 
ciation. Its  original  capital  was  derived  from  some  six  hundred  subscribers,  who  agreed  to 
pay  in  ten  dollars  each  per  annum  for  the  period  of  five  years.  Hereafter,its  revenues  will  be 
dependent  chiefly  upon  gate  fees,  and  fees  paid  for  entries  of  live  stock  and  other  things  placed 
upon  exhibition  at  its  annual  shows.  These  sources,  however,  with  an  economical  administra- 
tion of  its  affairs,  will,  it  is  believed,  be  sufficient  for  all  its  needs,  and  still  enable  it  to  stimu. 
late,  by  handsome  premiums,  and  by  annually  attracting  to  one  point  the  people  and  the  pro- 


500  REPORT  OF  THE 

ductiong  of  a  large  extent  of  country,  the  several  branches  of  productive  industry  which  it 
was  designed  to  promote. 

The  Association  was  incorporated  by  the  State  Legislature  at  its  session  of  1853-4,  and  the 
subscribers  accepted  the  charter  thus  granted  at  a  meeting  held  in  the  Court  House,  in  the 
city  of  Louisville,  on  the  1st  day  of  May,  1854. 

After  the  Annual  Fair  in  October,  1856,  Col.  Hancock,  who  had  for  four  years  served  the 
Association  with  great  activity  and  devotion,  retired  from  the  Presidency,  on  account  of  the 
urgent  nature  of  private  business. 

On  the  10th  day  of  January,  1857,  at  the  regular  annual  meeting  of  stockholders,  the  gen- 
tlemen named  below  were  elected  officers  for  the  current  year,  viz: 

President — Gibson  Mallory. 

Vice  Presidents — Robert  N.  Miller,  Lawrence  Young,  Arthur  Peter. 

Board  of  Directors — Thomas  Bohannon,  J.  B.  O'Bannon,  W.  A.  Meriwether,  W.  H.  Fred- 
ericks, John  T.  Bate,  William  Watkins,  E.  L.  Huffman,  R.  J.  Tarlton,  W.  C.  Winchester, 
John  Thatcher. 

Other  Officers — W.  D.  Gallagher,  Corresponding  and  Recording  Secretary;  Collis  Ormsby, 
Treasurer. 

The  foregoing  sketch  of  the  South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  has 
been  prepared  in  obedience  to  your  request,  and  is  most  respectfully  submitted  to  your  discre- 
tion. Yours,  trulv. 

GIBSON  MALLORY. 


SOUTH  WESTERN  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

near  paducah,  kentucky. 

Paducah,  January  17,  1858. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Esq..  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — Yours  dated  Frankfort,  January  11,  1858,  and  addressed  to   Hon.  John 
Q.  A.  King,  has  just  been  handed  me. 

In  response  to  inquiries  therein  made  concerning  the  Southwestern  Agricultural  and  Mechan- 
ical Association,  at  Paducah,  I  beg  to  submit  the  following. 

Said  Association  has  holden  four  Fairs,  as  will  appear  by  the  last  Fair  bill — which  I  here- 
with enclosed  containing  a  list  of  premiums  awarded.  [The  List  of  Premiums  awarded,  nor 
the  Premium  List  for  1857,  has  not  been  received  by  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society.] 

Said  Association  has  no  grounds  or  buildings,  but  has  heretofore  holden  her  annual  Fairs 
on  the  lands  of  II.  Bradshaw.  At  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  Association,  November 
24th,  the  following  officers  and  Board  of  Directors  were  elected  for  the  years  1857-8.  Alfred 
Boyd,  President;  Henry  Quigly,  Secretary;  T.  A.  Duke,  Corresponding  Secretarv;  A.  B. 
Kinkead,  Treasurer;  Q.  Q.  Quigly,  0.  W.  Grimes,  H.  Burdwell,  Sanford  Condley,  J.  W. 
Oglesvie,  Wm.  Grear,  and  R.  A.  Bacon,  Directors. 

In  addition  to  this  information  I  would  state  that  there  have  been  seven  thousand  dollars 
subscribed  for  buying  fair  grounds  and  erecting  suitable  buildings  thereon,  with  a  prospect  of 
as  much  more.  I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully, 

HENRY  QUIGLY. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  501 

UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 
near  eminence,  kentucky. 

Eminence,  November  17,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Ky.  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — In  answer  to  yours  I  will  just  say,  that  the  Union  Agricultural  and  Me- 
chanical Association,  composed  of  the  counties  of  Henry,  Shelby,  and  Oldham,  was  organiz- 
ed in  1851.  Three  Directors  are  annually  elected  from  each  of  the  counties.  Competition 
open  to  all.  The  Society  own  thirty  acres  of  land;  have  booths,  a  reception  house,  and  beau- 
tiful amphitheatre  covered  with  composition  roof.  Our  average  of  premiums  is  about  SI  ,600, 
for  the  last  five  years — paid  in  elegantly  finished  silver  cups.  We  are  only  about  $1,000  in 
debt,  one  half  of  which  is  not  due  till  next  Fair. 

Robert  Mallory,  of  Oldham,  has  been  our  Presideut  from  the  commencement,  and  Orville 
Ford,  Vice  President;  W.  S.  Helm,  Secretary,  and  Morris  Thomas,  Treasurer,  all  for  the  last 
five  years.  W.  S.  HELM,  Secretary. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE   UNION    AGRICULTURAL    AND  MECHANICAL  ASSO- 
CIATION, FOR  1S57. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES  <fcC. 

O*  Best  article  in  each  entry  takes  Premium. 

O*  All  premiums  of  Five  Dollars  and  upwards,  to  be  paid  in  silver  cups — the  receiver  pay- 
ing the  difference. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards, 5  00 

Negro  Jeans,  ten  yards, 3  00 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards,  ...........3  00 

Colored  Linsey,  ten  yards,  ..........         -         3  00 

Pin  id  Linsey,  ten  yaids,  ...........         3  00 

White  Flannel,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Best  Wool  Carpet,  twenty  yards, 8  00 

Second  best  Wool  Carpet,  twenty  yards,  4  00 

Best  Carpet,  wool  and  rag  filling,  twenty  yards,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         5  00 

Second  best  Carpet,  wool  and  rag  filling,  twenty  yards,  -         -         -         -         -         3  00 

Bast  Carpet,  all  rag  filling,  twenty  yards,  —  '      -         -     .    -         -         -        -5  00 

Pair  Blankets,  5  00 

Woolen  Hose, 2  UO 

Woolen  half  Hose, 2  00 

Suit  of  clothes  cut  and  made  by  a  Lady, 5  00 

Best  made  linen  shirt,         -------..-.         -3  00 

Best  made  cotton  shirt,  linen  collar,  bosom  and  wristbands, 3  00 

Specimen  Needle  work,  ...........500 

Specimen  Embroidery,        ............500 

Woolen  Coverlet,  ...........         .5  00 

Cotton  Coverlet, 3  00 

White  Cotton  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Qnilt,  cotton,  patch  work, 10  00 

Second  best  Quilt,  cotton,  patch-work,       .........         5  00 

Best  Quilt,  worsted,  patchwork, 10  00 

Second  best  Quilt,  worsted,  patch-work,     ---------         5  00 

Best  Quilt,  silk,  patch  work,  10  00 

Second  best  Quilt,  silk,   patch  work,  .......         -.5  00 

Best  made  Cloth  Coat, 5  00 

Best  made  Hat, 5  00 

Best  pair  Boots, 3  00 

Best  pair  Lady's  Shoes,  3  00 

ET  No  article  manufactured  by  machinery  shall  be  allowed  to  compete  with  the  handiwork 
of  the  Ladies  in  the  above  list. 

Note — Domestic  manufactures  are  the  products  of  machinery  moved  by  hand,  except  the 
carding,  which  may  be  done  by  any   machinery. 

Judges — John  Hall,  Shelby;  Thomas  Rodman,  Henry;   Dr.  Broadnax,  Oldham. 

Alternates — William  B.  Wilson,   Henry;  J.   H.  Stone,  Henry;  A    G.  Hardin,  Oldham. 

MANUFACTURES  BY  MACHINERY. 

Ten  yards  fine  Jeans,         -  5  00 

Ten  yards  negro  Jeans, 3  00 


502  REPORT  OF  THE 

Pair  Blankets, 5  00 

Parlor  Stove,  5  00 

Cooking  Stove,  -         -         -         - 5  00 

Marbleized  lion  Mantle  and  Grate, 5  00 

Box  of  Star  Candles, 5  00 

Box  of  Tallow  Candles,  - 5  00 

Box  of  Soap, 5  00 

Barrel  of  Flour, 3  00 

Judges — William  A.  Perry  Henry;  William  Armstrong,  Shelby;  James  Spear,  Oldham. 

Alternates — Gideon  King,  Henry;  S.  H.  Miles,  Shelby;  Andrew  Crow,  Oldham. 

FRUITS    AND    VEGETABLES. 

Bushel  of  Apples, 3  00 

Half  bushel  Peaches,  -  3  00 

Half  bushel  Pears, 3  t>0 

Peck  Grapes,  3  00 

Halt  peck  Tomatoes, 2  00 

Half  bushel  Carrots, 2  00 

Half  bushel  Beets,  2  00 

Half  bushel  Turnips, 2  00 

Half  bushel  Parsnips, 2  00 

Six  head  of  Cabbage, 2  00 

Half  bushel  Onions, 2  00 

Half  peck  Salsify 2  00 

Judges — George  W.  Riley,  Shelby;  F.  H.  Goodrich,  Henry;  Henry  Button,  Oldham. 

Alternates— J.  T.  McCampbell,  Shelby;  I.  B.  O'Bannon,  Jefferson;  William  Wade,  Old- 
ham. 

BUTTER,    CHEESE,    HONEY    AND    WINE. 

Five  pounds  Butter,  -  3  00 

Five  pounds  Cheese,  -         -         -         -         - 3  00 

Five  pounds  Honey, 3  00 

Five  bottles  domestic  Wine, 10  00 

Five  bottles  domestic  Cider,    i 5  00 

Judges — I.  F.  Collier,  Shelby;  W.  S.  Pryor,  Henry;  John  Gazley,  Oldham. 

Alternates — Ben.  Mason,  Shelby;  George  C.  Roberts,  Owen;  Dr.  J.  Swain,  Oldham. 

BACON    AND    BREAD. 

Best  cooked  Ham,  5  00 

Specimen  of  Wheat,  Bread, 2  00 

Specimen  of  Corn  Bread,  .......  -         -         -  2  00 

Judges — Humphrey  Marshall,  Henry;  Isaac  Everett,  Louisville;  Robert  Grev,  Henry. 

Alternates— W.  B.'Trible,  Shelby;  Dr.  Willett,  Oldham;  Robert  S.  Owen,  Henry. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  Turkevs,  2  00 

Pair  Moscow  Ducks, 2  00 

Pair  Poland  Ducks, 2  00 

Pair  Game  Chickens, 2  00 

Pair  Shanghai  Chickens,  .         .         .         .         .         ■ 2  00 

Pair  Cochin  China  Chickens, 2  00 

Pair  Brahma  Pootra  Chickens, 2  00 

,   Judges — John  Moody,  Shelby;  Burket  Bowen,  Henry;  Addison  Ballard,  Oldham. 
Alternates — William  Long,  Shelby;  John  Berry,  Henry;  John  Keenan,  Oldham. 

AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS    AND    PRODUCTS. 

Harrow,  two  horse, 2  00 

Cultivator, - 2  00 

Farm  Gate, 2  00 

Large  Roller,  -         -         -         -  2  00 

Staw  Cutter, 5  00 

Hay  Rake, 2  00 

Two  Horse  Wagon, 8  00 

Saddle  and  Bridle,  5  00 

Blue  Grass  Seed  Gatherer, 3  00 

Corn  Planter,  5  00 

Clover  Seed  Gatherer, 5  00 

Clover  Seed  Sower,  ............3  00 

Clover  Seed  Huller, 5  00 

Spinning;  Wheel, 2  50 

Bread  Corn,  one  bushel,  - 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  503' 

Stock  Corn,  one  bushel,              2  00 

Com  Meal,  half  hushel,      -         -         - 2  00 

Hominy,  half  bushel, 2  00 

Irish  Potatoes,  one  bushel, -         -         -  2  00 

Sweet,  Potatoes  one  bushel, -  2  00 

Red  Wheat,,  one  bushel;              2  00 

White  Wheat,  one  bushel, 2  00 

Rye,  one  bushel, 2  00 

Oats,  one  bushel, -  2  00 

Barley,  one  bushel, ------  2  00 

Wheat  Kan; 5  00 

Wheat  Drill, 8  00 

Hemp  Break, 2  00 

Sample  Leaf  Tobacco,  ten  pounds, 5  00 

Hemp  from  break,  fifty  pounds,  dew-rotted,        - 5  00 

Clover  Seed,  half  bushel;  (Kentucky  raised,) 5  00 

Timothy  Seed,  half-bushel,  (Kentucky  raised,) 2  00 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  half  bushel,  (Kentucky  raised,) 2  00 

Blue  Grass  Seed,  half  bushel,  (Kentucky  raised,) 2  00 

One  horse  Buggy, 8  00 

Two  horse  Carriage, 10  00 

Best  written  Essay  on  Agriculture  and  the  management  of  a  Farm,            -         -         -  10  00 

Judges  —  Robert  Doak,  Sr.,  Shelby;  Wm.  Barnhill.  Oldham,  John  Strother,  Henry. 

Alternates—  Newton  Bright,  Shelby;  James  Vincent,  Oldham;  A.  C.  Crabb,  Henry. 

PLOWS. 

Note — Trial  of  Plows  will  take  place  at  or  near  the  Grounds,  on  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 
Points  of  consideration  by  the  Judges — 1st.  Lightness  of  draft  in  relative  size  of  Plows,  and 
depth  of  slice:    2nd.  Manner  of  leaving  the  same. 

Best  Sod  Plow, 8  00 

Best  Stubble  Plow,                       8  00 

One  horse  Plow, 5  00 

Judges — J.  G.  Thompson,  Shelby;  John  Bruce,  Henry,  Pollock  Barbour,  Oldham. 

Alternatives — John  Aud,  Shelby;  Samuel  Mcllvane,  Henry;  J.  Hardin,  Oldham. 

MACHINES. 

Note  — Premiums  will  be  awarded  upon  trial  of  Machines.  Notice  will  be  given  in  "The 
Shelby  News"  of  time  and  place,  at  which  Competitors  and  Judges  will  attend. 

Points  of  Consideration  by  the  Judges — Threshers:  1.  Lightness  of  draft;  2.  Speed  in  thresh- 
ing; 3.  Manner  of  applying  the  power  or  team;  4.  Relative  safety  to  parties  attending  them. 
Reapers  and  Mowers:  1.  Lightness  of  draft;  2.  Ease  and  facility  of  adjustment;  3.  Speed;  4. 
Quality  of  work  done. 

Best  Mowing  Machine, -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Threshing  Machine, 8  00 

Best  Reaping  Machine, 8  00 

Judges — T.  G.  Dunlap,  Shelby;  Aaron  Burnes,  Henry;  Presly  Yeager,  Oldham. 

Alternates— -S.  M.  Miles,  Shelby;  R.  T.  Herndon,  Henry;  Jas.  Speer,  Oldham. 

THOROUGH    BRED    HORSES. — STALLIONS. 

No  others  admitted.  Pedigrees  to  be  examined  by  Committee  on  Pedigrees.  The  Judges 
not  to  see  Pedigrees. 

Stallion,  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Stallion,  two'years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -     -  8  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

MARES. 

Mare,  four  years  old  and  over,             -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare,  years  old  and  under  four,                   ........         -  8  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,           ---------  8  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     ----------  8  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,           -.--..-----  8  00 

Judges—}.  M.  Todd,  Shelby;  A.  G.  Bacon,  Franklin;  F.  Harrington,  Oldham. 

Alternates— C.  S.  Moore,  Shelby;   W.W.  Morel  and,  Oldham;  A.  D.  Martin,  Henry. 

Committee  to  examine  Pedigree  on  Thorough  Bred  Horses. — Capt.  Thos.  Steele,  Franklin;  Dr. 
J.  Lowery,  Shelby,  John  A.  Holton,  Franklin;  Jos.  Pryor,  Henry;  E.  T.  Berry,  Henry;  John 
Gibson,  Oldham. 


504  REPORT  OF  THE 

SECOND   DAY. 

BLOODED  CATTLE. — BULLS. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  over,     -                           10  00 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  under  four, 8  00 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two,        -         - 8  00 

Bull,  under  one  year  old, 8  00 

cows. 
Cow,  four  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  -         -         -         --         -         -         -         -         8(0 

Cow,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  ---------         8  00 

Cow,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  8  00 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,  -------         ----8  00 

Judges — J.  G.  Taylor,  Henry;  W.  Thomas,  Shelby;  C.  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon. 

Alternates—  Robt." W.  Scott,  Franklin;  1.  S.  Todd/Shelby;  Z.  F.  Smith,  Henry. 

LOCAL   RING  FOR    CATTLE. 

Cattle  owned  in  Shelby,  Henry  and  Oldham  counties,  compose  this  ring.  0°  Any  animal 
owned  in  either  of  the  above  counties,  and  taking  a  premium  in  the  Blooded  Ring,  excludded 
from  this.     Otherwise  it  is  free. 

BULLS. 

Bull,  four  years  old  and  over,     -  10  00 

Bull,  three  years  and  unde>'  four, 8  00 

Bull,  two  years  and  under  three,  ----------8  00 

Bull,  one  year  and  under  two,     ------ 8  00 

Bull,  under  one  year, 8  00 

cows. 

Cow,  four  years  old  and  over,  10  00 

Cow,  three  years  and  under  four,         ----------         8  00 

Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,         -         - 8  00 

Cow,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Cow,  under  one  year  old,    -         - 8  00 

Judges — A.  J.  Viley,  Scott;  Jas.  Young,  Trimble;  Wm.  Kenny,  Bourbon. 

Alternates — B.  Warfield,  Jr.,  Fayette;  Geo.  Fern,  Trimble,  J.  T.  McClelland.^Fayette. 

FATTED  CATTLE. — STEERS. 

Fatted  Steer,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  8  00 

Fatted  Steer,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Fatted  Steer,  three  years  and  under  four,             8  00 

Fatted  Steer,  four  years  and  over,               8  00 

Best  Five  Fatted  Bullocks, 10  00 

Best  Yoke  of  Oxen, 8  00 

COWS. 

Fatted  Cow,   Free  Martin,  or  Speyed  Heifer,  one  year  and  under  two,        -         -         -  8  00 

Fatted  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three..     ------.--  8  00 

Fatted  Cow,  three  years  old  and   under  four, 8  00 

Fatted  Cow,  four  years  old  and  over, 8  00 

Milch  Cow,  to  be  milked  in  the  ring,  ---------  8  00 

Judges — Ben.  Bailey,  Shelby;   Abram  Nicholas,  Shelby;  Lewis  Ashbrook,  Kenton. 

Alternates — Warren  Moody,  Shelby;   A.  O'Bannon,  Henry;  Penton,  Oldham. 

OPEN  RING  FOR  CATTLE  —  (WITHOUT  REGARD  TO  AGE  ) 

Animals  that  have  previously  taken  premiums  can  compete  in  this  ling. 

Best  Bull, 10  00 

Best  Cow, 10  00 

Judqes — Adam  Scearce,  Shelbv;  Austin  Dupuv,  Henrv;  J-  Callowav,  Sr  ,  Henry. 
Alternates— Jos.  G.  Bird,  Shelby;  B.  H.  Dale,  Henry;  Wm.  Gibson/Oldham. 

HOGS. 

Aged  Boar,         ....                  10  00 

Aged  Sow, 10  00 

Boar,  over  six  months  and  under  twelve, -         -  8  00 

Sow,  over  six  months  and  under  twelve,     -         -         -                   8  00 

Pair  of  Pigs,  under  six  months, 8  00 

Sow  and  Sucking  Pigs, 5  00 

Three  Fatted  Hogs,             8  00 

Judges — T.  C   Crutcher,  Shelby;  John  H.  Ladd,  Henry;  Albert  Hardin,  Oldham. 

Alternates — S.  Mc Williams,  Shelby;  Isaac  Bonta,  Henry;  Thomas  Davis,  Oldham. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  500 

OPEN  RING    FOR    HOOS. 

Best  Boar, J       10  00 

Best  Sow, -       10  00 

Judges— C.  L.  White,  Shelby;  F.  H.Goodrich,  Henry;  Micajah  Fible,  Oldham. 
Alternates — J.  C.  Booker,  Shelby;  Wm.  Dodd,  Henry;   Ned.  Taylor,  Henry. 

drennon's  colts. 
(Premiums  by  N.  J.  Smith,  of  Henry.) 

Horse  Colt,  of  any  age,  by  Drennon, 20  00 

Second  best  Horse  Colt,  of  any  age,  by  Drennon, 10  00 

Mare  Colt,  of  any  age,  by  Drennon, 20  00 

Second  best  Mare  Colt,  of  any  age,  by  Drennon,       -         -         •         -         -         -         -       10  00 
Judges— W  m.  Waddy,  Shelby;   Dr.  Simpson,  Owen;  Wm.  Moxley,    Boone. 
Alternates — Dr.  Hansbrough,  Shelby;  H.  Benton,  Montgomery;  F.  Blakemore,  Franklin. 

THIRD  DAY. 

SHEEP. — FINE    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  old  and  over, 10  00 

Buck,  one  vear  old  and  under  two,     ----- 8  00 

Pair  of  Lambs,            -         - 8  00 

Ewe,  two  years  and  over, 10  00 

Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Judges — T.  G   Grimes,  Bourbon;  John  P.  Crabb,  Henry;  Dr.  J.  Lowery,  Shelby. 

Altrenates — John  Hare,  Jefferson;  J.  P.  Hill,  Henry;  Harvy  Tucker,  Shelby. 

LONG    WOOL. 

Best  Buck  two  years  and  over,  -                  10  00 

One  vear  and  under  two,    --------         ----8  00 

Pair  Lambs, 8  00 

Ewe  two  years  and  over,    -         -         -                  10  00 

One  year  and  under  two,     ------------  8  00 

Judges — I.  W.  Moody,  Henry;  John  Barnhill,  Oldham;  W.  Armstrong,  Shelby. 

Alternates — L.  Corbin,  Henry;  John  Tucker,  Oldham;  Henry  Maddox,  Shelby. 

MIDDLE    WOOL. 

Best  Buck  two  years  and  over, 10  00 

One  vear  and  under  two, 8  00 

Pair 'Lambs, 8  00 

Ewe  two  years  old  and  over,      -----------  10  00 

One  year  old  and  under  two,       ..--.--.---  8  00 

Judges — John  B.  Hays,  Henry;  Nathan  Miles,  Henry;  W.  Wilson,  Sr.,  Shelby. 

Alternates — J.  P.  Watkins,  Henry;  W.  Calloway,  Sr.,  Oldham;  J.  C.  Booker,  Shelby. 

FATTED    SHEEP. 

Five  best  fatted  Sheep,      -         -         -  10  00 

Judges — J.  Maglennery,  Louisville;  Thomas  Todd,  Shelby;  N.  C.  Magruder,  Shelby. 
Alternates — L.  Rheme,  Louisville;  Frank  Hamer,  Louisville;  J.  Radford,  Henry. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    SHEEP. 

Best  Buck, 10  00 

Best  Ewe, -         -  10  00 

Judges — Z.  F.  Smith,  Henry;  Phil.  Barbour,  Jefferson;  P.  Barbour,  Oldham. 
Alternates — Henry  S.  Foree,  Henry;  Conway  Herr,  Jefferson;  Michael  Collier,  Shelby. 

ASSES    AND    MULES. 

Best  Jack,  four  years  and  over,  -         -  .......       10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,      ------         .....         8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,        .........         --8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Under  one  year,  ------         .......         8  00 

Mule  two  years  and  over, 10  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    ------         ......         8  00 

Jennet  four  years  and  over,        -  ----------       ]0  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,        ---------         --8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,         ...........800 

One  year  and  under  two,    ------------8  00 

Under  one  year,  --------         ..---8  00 

Sucking  Mule, 8  00 

Pair  Draft  Mules, 8  00 

Judges—  Jacob  Sodowsky,  Shelby ;  Wm.  Coleman,  Trimble;  M.  Blakemore,  Franklin. 

Alternates — G.  L.  Harbison,  Shelby;  W.  Chenault,  Madison;  Jas.  Calloway,  Henry. 


506  REPORT  OF  THE 

• 

OPEN    RING    FOR    ASSES. 

Best  Jack, 10  00 

Best  Jennet, 10  00 

Judges — M.  Parker,  Fayette;  Samuel  Tinsley,  Shelby;  E.  Barrow,  Oldham. 
Alternates — J.  B.  Jones,  Henry;  S.  G.  Henderson,  Shelby;  Win.  Hyatt,  Henry. 

FINE    HORSES. 

Best  St  illion  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       -----------8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,  ----------8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    --------  --.-8  00 

Under  one  year,  -         -         -         -         -  ,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Best  Mare,  four  years  and  over,         -'        -  10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       ---------         --8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,        ---------         --8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    --  '•         -----■---•-''    8  00 

Under  one  vear, 8  00 

Judges--].  M.  Calloway,  Henry;  John  Hall,  Shelby;  Wm.  M.Gibson,  Oldham. 

Alternates — John  H.  Moore.  Clarke;  Lud.  Finch,  Shelby;  Ralph  Tarlton,  Oldham. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Note. — All  entries  in  this  ring,  two  years  old  and  over,  to  be  driven  in  harness. 

Best  Stallion,  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       ...........  8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,        -------         ....  8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    --- 8  00 

Under  one  year,          -         -         -  *      -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  8  00 

Best  Mare  four  years  and  over,           -         - 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       ...  .......800 

Two  years  and  under  three,        -         -         -         -         -         -                  -         -         -         -  8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    -------------  8  00 

Under  one  year,          -         --         -         -         -                   -         -         -         -         -         -  8  00 

Judges — John  Robinson,  Shelby;  Gibson  Simpson,  Owen;  R.  Downing,  Fayette. 

Alternates — J.  Hansbrough,  Shelby;  Dr.  E.  Wilson,  Henry;  W.  W.  Morelaud,  Oldham. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion  four  years  and  over,       - 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       ......         .....         8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three,        -  ......         ...         8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,     -----------         -8  00 

Under  one  year,         .........         ....         8  00 

Best  Mare  four  years  and  over, 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,       ..-.--.....800 

Two  years  and  under  three,         ...........         8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,    ----------         .-8  00 

Under  one  year,  -         - 8  00 

Judges—3.  A.  fiornsby,  Shelby;  Thos  Kephart,  Henry;  Benj.  Wilhoit,  Oldham. 

Alternates — J.  Harrington,  Shelby;  John  G.  Mitchell,  Henry;  T.  Blakemore,  Oldham. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Note  — All  entries  in  this  ring,  two  years  old  and  over,  to  be  exhibited  under  the  saddle. 

Best  Stallion  four  years  old  and  over,         - 10  00 

Three  years  and  under  four,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

One  year  and  under  two,  -         -         -         - 8  00 

Under  one  year,  -         -         -  -         --         -         -         -         -         -         -         8  00 

Best  Mare  tour  years  old  and  over,     ----------       10  00 

Three  yeais  and  under  four,       ---------         --8  00 

Two  years  and  under  three, 8  00 

One  year  and  under  two, 8  00 

Under  one  ye.ir,  ......         .....--8  00 

Judges—  John  H    Moore,  Clarke;  T.  Merriwether,  Shelby;  H.  H.  Ferguson,  Woodford. 

Alternates — W.  Hansbrough,  Shelby;  Wm.  Crider,  Oldham;  Jos.  Pryor,  Henry. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    HORSES. 

Best  Stallion, 10  00 

Best  Mare,  ...  10  00 

Judges— S  H.  Miles,  Shelby;  G.  Mallory.  Jefferson;  E.  T.  Berry,  Henry. 

Alter natei — John  Clark,  Shelby;  J.  M.  Calloway,  Henry,  Rev.  T.  V.  Bruce,  Henry. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  507 

SADDLE   GELDING    AND   MARE. 

Best  Saddle  Gelding, 10  00 

Best  Saddle  Mare, 10  00 

Judges — S.  McWilliams,  Shelby;   N.  J.  Smith,  Henry;  L.  Railey,  Woodford, 
Alternates — A.  S.  Frederick,  Shelby;  R.  P.  Pepper,  Woodford;  J.  J.  Railey,  Louisville 

CARRIAGE    AND    BUGGY    HORSES    AND    MARES. 

Best  pair  Carriage  Horses, 10  00 

Pair  Carriage  Mares, -       10  00 

Buggy  Horse, 10  00 

Buggy  Mare, 10  00 

Judges — J.  W.  Brannon,  Louisville;  A    O.  Brannin,  Louisville;  J.  T.  McCampbell,  Shelby, 
Alternates — J.  W.  Shockency,  Louisville;  Luther  Ricket,  Henry;  J.  M.  Bullock,  Shelby. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

The  Fair  will  commence  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  October,  1857,  at  the  Fair  Grounds  near 
Eminence,  Henry  county,  Ky.,  immediately  on  the  Louisville  and  Frankfort  Railroad,  and  will 
continue  four  days. 

No  animal  or  article  shall  compete  for  more  than  one  premium  at  the  same  Fair,  except  in 
the  Open  Ring  and  the  Local  Ring.  Competition  open  to  every  State  in  the  Union. 

Persons  paying  two  dollars  by  the  10th  day  of  September,  will  be  entitled  to  the  privileges 
of  the  Ring;  but  will  have  to  pay  gate  fees. 

Persons  not  members  will  be  charged  five  dollnrs  for  their  entries. 

No  person  but  the  real  owner,  grower,  &c,  of  stock,  and  articles  manufactured,  grown,  &c, 
shall  exhibit  anything  for  competition,  and  all  manufactured  articles  must  have  been  made 
within  two  years  prior  to  the  exhibition.  Persons  exhibiting  Plows  will  have  teams  in  waiting- 
All  entries  must  be  made  by  9  o'clock,  on  the  day  of  exhibition. 

A  violation  of  any  of  the  rules  of  the  Association  will  preclude  the  person  from  ever  after 
competing;  and,  if  a  member,  will  be  expelled. 

Every  expense  and  trouble  will  be  incurred  to  beautify  the  grounds,  enforce  good  order,  en- 
tertain agreeably,  and  to  promote,  to  the  largest  extent,  the  object  of  the  Association.  A  band 
of  music  will  be  in  attendance  each  day. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE  UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL 

ASSOCIATION. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  three  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Morris  Thomas,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Negro  Jeans,  six  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Calloway,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

White  Linsey,  five  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Colored  Linsey,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  C.  Scobee, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Plaid  Linsey,  four  entries,  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

White  Fiannel,  Mrs.  Levi  Barnhill,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,   certificate. 

Wool  Carpet,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Win.  Calloway,  first  premium;  Mrs.  John  Fible,  second 
premium. 

Carpet,  wool  and  rag  filling,  five  entries,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Jones,  first  premium;  Mrs.  P. 
Wooliolk,  second  premium. 

Carpet,  all  rag  filing,  one  entry,  Mrs.  L.  E.  Brown,  Henry,  premium 

Blankets,  pair,  four  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong,  certificate. 

Hose,  woolen,  pair,  seven  entries,  Mrs.  C.  L.  Goulden,  Virginia,  premium;  Mrs.  Dudley 
Hall,  Henry,  certificate. 

Half  Hose,  pair,  Mrs.  S.  G.  Henderson,  premium  and  certificate. 

Suit  of  Clothes,  cut  and  made  by  lady,  Mrs.  Martha  Prewett,  Shelby,  premium. 

Linen  Shirt,  three  entries,  Miss  A.  R.  Barnhill,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  A.  Allen,  Shel- 
by, certificate. 

Cotton  Shirt,  linen  collar,  bosom  and  wristbands,  four  entries,  Miss  Jennie  Rowzee,  Old- 
ham, premium;  Mrs.  Dudley  Hall,  Henrv,  certificate. 

Needle  Work,  two  entries,  Mrs.  John  G.  Gibson,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  Thomas  S.  Mad- 
dox,  Shelby,  certificate. 


508 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Embroidery,  five  entries,  Miss  Sallie  Phillips,  Jefferson,  premium;  Mrs.  John  G.  Taylor, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Coverlet,  woolen,  three  entries,  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium  and  certificate. 

Coverlet,  cotton,  two  entries,  Mrs.  L.  McKay,  Jr  ,  Nelson,  premium;  Mrs.  A.  Burns,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Quilt,  cotton  patch  work,  three  entries,  Mrs.  John  A.  Perry,  first  premium;  Miss  Fannie  W. 
Mitchell,  second  premium. 

Quilt,  worsted  patch-work,  Miss  Henrietta  Parker,  Bourbon,  first  premium;  Mrs.  A.  Burns, 
second  premium. 

Quilt,  silk  patch  work,  Mrs.  L.  McKay,  Nelson,  first  premium;  Mrs.  A.  Burns,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Hat,  one  entry,  John  Fible,  Oldham,  premium. 

Pair  Boots,  one  entry,  W.  W.  Taylor,  Oldham,  premium. 

Ladies'  Shoes,  two  entries,  Mrs.  J.  G.  Taylor,  Henry,  premium;  Miss  Sallie  Thomas,  Shel- 
by, certificate. 

MANUFACTURES  BV  MACHINERY. 

Negro  Jeans,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Thomas  G.  Bruce,  Henry,  premium. 

Pair  Blankets,  five  entries,  Mrs.  John  Fible,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs  Morris  Thomas, Shel 
by,  certificate. 

Box  of  Star  Candles,  two  entries,  Smith,  Russell  &  Co.,  Louisville,  premium  and  certificate 
Barrel  Flour,  one  entry,  Owen  and  Martin,  Henry,  premium. 

FRUITS    AND    VEGETABLES. 

Apples,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  Atwell  Beatty,  Shelby,  cer 
tificate. 

Peaches,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  J.  N.  Blakemore,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong, Shelby 
certificate. 

Pears,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  John  Fible,  Oldham 
certificate. 

Grapes,  four  entries,  Mrs.  L.  E.  Brown,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby,  certifi 
cate. 

Tomatoes,  six  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  N.  Blakemore,  Oldham 
certificate 

Carrots,  four  entries,  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  T.  H.  Jackson,  Henry 
certificate. 

Beets,  sixteen  entries;  Mrs.  Preston  Thomas,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Armstrong 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Turnips,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Morris  Thomas,  Shelby,  premium. 

Parsnips,  six  entries,  Mrs.  Jeptha  Bright,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  certi 
ficate. 

Cabbage,  six  head,  five  entries,  Mrs.  G.  P.  Owen,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  S.  T.  Drane,  Shel 
by,  certificate. 

Onions,  eight  entries,  Mrs.  Abram  Reese,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  cer 
tificate. 

Salsify,  four  entries,  Mrs.  W.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  Mrs.  J.  N.  Blakemore,  Oldham 
certificate. 

DAIRY,  WTNE,  &.C. 

Butter,  nine  entries,  Mrs.  James  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Harwood,  Henry,  cer 
tificate. 

Cheese,  six  entries,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ford,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Calloway,  Henry 
certificate.  > 

Honey,  ten  entries,  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  Wm.  Calloway,  Oldham,  cer 
tificate. 

Wine,  domestic,  seven  entries,  B.  F.  Guthrie,  Louisville,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cider,  six  entries,  Abram  Rees,  Henry,  premium  and  certificate. 

BACON     AND   BREAD. 

Ham,  cooked,  fifteen  entries,  Mrs.  J.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  W.  W.  Taylor,  Old- 
ham, certificate. 

Wheat  Bie;id,  four  entries,  Mrs  J.  N.  Blakemore,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  B.  Woolfolk> 
Oldham,  certificate. 

Corn  Bread,  six  entries,  Mrs.  J.  P.  Crabb,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.C.  Ford,  Henry,  certificate. 
Sorgho  Syrup,  Joseph  Brinker' complimentary  notice  for  jar  of  Chinese  Sugar  Cane  Molasses. 

POULTRY. 

Pair  Turkies,  two  entries,  Mrs.  W.  Calloway,  Oldham,  premium;  Mrs.  P.  Calloway,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Pair  Muscovy  Ducks,  one  entry,  Mrs.  A.  Burns,  Henry,  premium. 
Poland  Ducks,  one  entry,  Mrs.  W    H.  Perkins,  Henry,  premium. 
Shanghai  Chickens,  one  entry,  Mrs.  Abram  Rees,  Henry,  premium. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  509 

Cochin  China  Chickens,  three  entries,  Mrs.  Abram  Ree3,  Henry,  premium;  Mrs.  James  Cal- 
loway, Henry,  certificate. 

Bramah  Pootra  Chickens,  four  entries,  Mrs.  L  E.  Brown,  premium  and  certificate. 

AGRICULTURAL   IMPLEMENTS  AND    PRODUCTS. 

Cultivator,  five  entries,  Brinly  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium  and  certificate. 

Farm  Gate,  one  entry,  W'lliam  N    Jones,  Henry,  premium. 

Wagon,  three  entries,  L.  W.  Shaffer,  Shelby,  premium;  G.  Sams,  Henrv,  certificate. 

Saddle  and  Bridle,  three  entries,  T.  B.  Hunt,  Henry,  premium;  R.  E.  Miles,  Louisville,  cer- 
tificate. 

Clover  Seed  Sower,  one  entry,  Hornsby  &  Booker,  Shelby,  premium. 

Bread  Corn,  six  entries,  J.  B.  Hays,  Henry,  premium,  T.  1.1.  Jackson,  Henry,  certificate. 

Stock  Corn,  seven  entries,  J.  B.  Hays,  Henry,  premium;  George  W.  Reily,  Shelby,  certifi 
cate. 

Corn  Meal,  three  entries,  P.  B.  Woolfolk,  Oldham,  premium;  Win.  Calloway,  Oldham,  cer 
tificate. 

Hominy,  one  entry,  P.  B.  Woolfolk,  Oldham,  premium. 

Irish  Potatoes,  seventeen  entries,  S.  H.  Miles,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  H.  Drane,  Shelby,  cer 
tificate. 

Sweet  Potatoes,  three  entries,  P.  B.  Woolfolk,  Henry,  premium;  G.  P.  Owen,  Henry,  certifi 
cate. 

Red  Wheat,  four  entries,  A.  Burns,  Henry,  premium. 

White    Wheat,  six  entries,    Alex.  Hopkins,  Shelby,  premium;   A.  Burns,  Henry,  certificate 

Rye,  five  entries,  A.  B.  Rees,  Henry,  premium;   Dudley  Hall,  Henry,  certificate. 

Oats,  one  entry,  G.  VV.  Reily,  Shelby,  premium. 

Wheat  Drill,  one  entry,  Hornsby  &  Booker,  Shelby,  premium. 

Leaf  Tobacco,  six  entries,  W.  C.  Calloway,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  B.  W.  Prewett,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Hemp,  from  brake,  fifty  pounds,  one  entry,  Evan  Henton,  Shelby,  premium. 

Timothy  Seed,  nine  entries,  James  Vincent,  Oldham,  premium;  Wm.  Calloway,  Oldham, 
certificate. 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  eight  entries,  Wm.  Calloway,  Oldkam,  premium;  Otho  Calloway,  Hen- 
ry, certificate. 

Blue  Grass  Seed,  three  entries,  Abram  Reese,  Henry,  premium;  Otho  Cajloway,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Buggy,  one  horse,  five  entries,  Stedman  &  Pierce,  Louisville,  premium;  P.  B.  Woolfolk, 
Oldham,  certificate. 

Carriage,  two  horse,  three  entries,  Calvin  Ford,  Henry,  premium;  Stedman  &  Pierce,  Louis- 
ville, certificate. 

PLOWS    AND    MACHINES. 

Plow,  sod,  two  entries,  Brinly  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium  and  certificate. 

Plow,  stubble,  three  entries,  Briuly  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium. 

Plow,  one  horse,  one  entry,  Brinly  &  Davis,  Shelby,  premium. 

Plow,  sod  and  subsoil,  Brinly  &  Davis,  highly  recommended. 

Reapers,  premiums  decided  upon  trial,  three  entries,  E.  D.  Jones  &  Bro.,  Henry,  for  Ken- 
tucky Harvester  made  by  Miller,  Wing-ate  &  Co.,  Louisville;  Perham  Calloway,  Henry,  for 
Atkin'sSelf  Raker  made  by  R.  Dutton,  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Mowing  Machine,  two  entries,  premium  decided  upon  trial,  E.  D.  Jones  &  Bro.,  Henry, 
made  by  Miller,  Wingate  &.  Co.,  Louisville;  N.  C.  Magruder,  Shelby,  for  Manny's  Machine 
made  by  H.  B.  Howard,  Louisville. 

THOROUGH    BRED    HORSES. 

Stallions  four  years  and  over,  one  entry,  A.  W.  Hardin,  Oldham,  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  John  Harper's  Lincoln,  Woodford,  premium;  S. 
T.  Drane,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Under  one  year  old,  one  entry,  S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby,  premium. 

Mares  four  years  and  over,  six  entries,  S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby,  premium;  Wm.  Palmer,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  J.  Harper,  Madaline,  Woodford,  premium. 

Two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Geo.  Hugely,  Henry,  premium;  Wm.  Palmer,  Hen- 
ry, certificate. 

One  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Bartlett  &  Pryor,  Henry,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

BLOODED    CATTLE. 

Bulls  four  years  old  and  over,  one  entry,  A.  J.  Viley,  (Cedric)  Scott,  premium. 
Bulls  three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  Jas    W.  Huss,  Shelby,  premium. 
Bulls  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Ben.  Thomas,  Shelby,  premium;  W.  L.  Wad- 
dy,  Shelby,  certificate. 


510  REPORT  OF  THE 

Bulls  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  S.  H.  Miles,  Shelby,  premium;  Dunlap  &  Lowry, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Bulls  under  one  year,  seven  entries,  Abram  Vanmeter,  Clarke,  premium;  Wm.  Thorn,  Jr., 
Henry,  certificate. 

Cows  four  years  and  over,  seven  entries,  Jas.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Abram  Vanmeter, 
Clarke,  certificate. 

Cows  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Thomas  L.  Cunningham,  Bourbon,  premium; 
Evan  Henton,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Cows  two  years  and  under  three,  four  entries,  Solomon  Vanmeter,  Fayette,  premium;  C.  L. 
White,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Cows  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  T.  L.  Cunningham,  Bourbon,  premium;  P.  Cal- 
loway, Henry,  certificate. 

Cows  under  one  year,  nine  entries,  Solomon  Vanmeter,  Fayette,  premium;  James  Guthrie, 
Henry,  certificate. 

CATTLE — LOCAL    RING. 

(Composed  of  cattle  owned  in  the  counties  of  Shelby,  Henry,  and  Oldham.) 

Bulls  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  W.  L.  Waddy,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  G.  Taylor, 
Henry,  cenifieate. 

Bulls  under  one  year  old,  ten  entries,  W.  L.  Waddy,  premium  and  certificate. 

Cows  four  years  and  over,  six  entries,  Ben.  Thomas,  Shelby,  premium;  W.  R.  King,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Cows  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  A.  K.  Nicholas,  Shelby,  premium;  C.  L. 
White,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Cows  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Luke  Hopkins, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Cows,  under  one  year,  old  seven  entries,  T.  G.  Dunlap,  Shelby,  premium;  James  Guthrie, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Fatted  Steer,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Alex.  Hopkins,  Shelby,  premium. 

Fatted  Steer,  two  .years  and  under  three,  one  entry,  Luke  Hopkins,  Henry,  premium. 

Fatted  Steer,  four  years  and  over,  one  entry,  James  Calloway,  Henry,  premium. 

Five  fatted  Bullocks,  two  entries,  Wm.  Hopkins,  Henry,  premium;  W.  H  Perkins,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  four  entries,  T.  L.  Cunningham,  Bourbon,  premium;  W.  Calloway,  Jr  ,  Old- 
ham, certificate. 

FATTED  COW,  FREE  MARTIN,  OR  SPAYED  HEIFER. 

One  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  T.  G.  Dunlap,  Shelby,  premium  and  certificate. 
Three  years  and  under  four,  one  entry,  W.  Hopkins,  Henry,  premium. 

Four  years  and  over,  W.  L.   Waddy,  Shelby,  premium;  Wm.  Calloway,  Jr.,  Oldham,  cer- 
tificate. 
Milch  Cow,  one  entry,  Wm.  Calloway,  Jr.,  Oldham,  premium. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    CATTLE,    (WITHOUT    REGARD    TO    AGE.) 

Bulls,  thirteen  entries,  S.  11.  Miles,   Shelby,  premium;  W.  L.  Waddy,  Shelby,  certificate. 
Co«s,  twelve  entries,  T.  L.  Cunningham,  Bourbon,  premium;  S.  Vanmeter,  Fayette,  certi- 
tificate. 

lord  John's  calves. 
(Premium  by  Mori  is  Thomas,  of  Shelby.) 
Bulls,  under  one  year,  five  entries,   A.  F.  Scearce,  Shelby,  premium;  B.  Thomas,  Shelby 
certificate. 

Cows,  under  one  year,  five  entries,  B.  Thomas,  Shelby,  premium;  W.  J.  Mason,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

HOGS. 

Agpd  Boar,  three  entries,  Burns,  Brown  &  Wilson,  Henry,  premium;  W.  O.McMakin,  Shel 
by,  certificate. 

Aged  Sow,  three  entries,  Richard  Allen,  Fayette,  premium;  James  I.  Pollard,  Henry,  cer 
tificate.  . 

Boar  over  six  and  under  twelve  months,  two  entries,  J.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  premium;  D 
Ellis,  Henry,  certificate. 

Sow,  over  six  and  under  twelve  months,  two  entries,  D.  Ellis,  Henry,  premium;  W.  T.  Da 
vis,  Oldham,  certificate, 

Pair  Pigs,  under  six  months,  two  entries,  D.  Ellis,  Henry,  premium;  W.  T.  Davis,  Oldham 
certificate. 

Sow  and  sucking  pigs,  two  entries,  S.Booker,  Jr.,  Shelby,  premium;  L.  E.  Brown,  Henry 
cenifieate. 

Best  three  fatted  Hogs,  one  entry,  A.  Nicholas,  Shelby,  premium. 

OPEN    RING    FOR   HOGS. 

Boar,  four  entries,  Burns,  Brown  &  Wilson,  Henry,  premium;  J.  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  certi- 
ficate. 

Sow,  four  entries,  D.  Ellis,  Henry,  premium;  R.  Allen,  Fayette,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  511 

drennon's  colts. 
(Premiums  by  N.  J.  Smith,  of  Henry  ) 
Best  Horse  Colt,  twelve  entries.     First  premium.   $20  Goblet,  to  Bartlet  &  Pryor,  Henry; 
second  premium,  J 10  Cup,  to  Drane  &  Hopkins,  Shelby. 

Best  Mare  Colt,  eleven  entries;  first  premium,  $20  Goblet,  to  A.  J.  Viley's  Belle  Smith, 
Scott;  2d  premium,  $10  Cup,  to  J.  M.  Calloway,  Henry. 

• 
THIRD  DAY. 

SHEEP,    FINE    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  and  over,  three  entries,  J.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Levi  Barnhill,  Old- 
ham, certificate. 

Buck,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  VV.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  C.  Scobee, 
Henry,  certificate.  / 

Pair  Lambs,  three  entries,  Wm.  Armstrong,  Shelby,  premium;  C.  Scobee,  Henry,  certi- 
ficate. 

Ewe,  two  years  and  over,  six  entries,  John  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  C.  Scobee.  Henry, 
certificate. 

Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  C.  Scobee,  Henry,   premium;  Wm.  Armstrong, 
Shelby,  certificate. 
.     • 

LONG    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  and  over,  three  entries,  T.  G.  Dunlap,  Shelby,  premium;  L.  Hopkins,  Hen- 
ry, certificate. 

Buck,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  D.  Ellis,  Henry,  premium;  P.  Calloway,  Henry, 
certify  atj. 

Pair  Lambs,  two  entries,  Newton  Bright,  Shelby,  premium;  S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Ewe,  two  years  and  over,  six  entries,  J.  Y.  Clore,  Henry,  premium;  L.  Hopkins,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two,  eight  entries,  E.  D.  Jones,  Henry,  premium;  J.B.Jones, 
Henry,  certificate. 

MIDDLE    WOOL. 

Buck,  two  years  and  over,  three  entries,  J.  O'Bannon,  Henry,  premium;  Wm.  Hopkins, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Buck,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Levi  Barnhill,  Oldham,  premium. 

Pair  Lambs,  four  entries,  J    O'Bannon,  Henry,  premium;  T.  H.Jackson,  Henry,  certificate. 

E«e,  two  years  and  over,  two  entries,  Jas.  Calloway,  premium  and  certificate. 

Ewe,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  Jas.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Jas.  O'Bannon, 
Henry,  certificate. 

Best  five  fatted  sheep,  two  entries,  W.  Hopkins,  Henry,  premium;  J.  M.  Calloway,  Henry, 
certificate. 

OPEN    UING    FOR    SHEEP. 

Best  Buck,  fifteen  entries,  Wilson  &  Jones,  Henry,  premium;  Newton  Bright,  Shelby,  cer- 
tificate 

Be=t  Ewe,  twenty  entries,  Newton  Bright,  Shelby,  premium;  S.  T.  Drane,  Shelby,  certificate. 

ASSES    AND    MOLES. 

Jack,  four  years  and  over,  four  entries,  A.  C.  &  T.  W.  Tucker,  Shelby,  premium;  Robert 
Doak.  Shelby,  certificate. 

Jack,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  R.  M.  Booker  &  Co  ,  (Young  America,; 
Shelby,  premium;   D.  Penn,  Bourbon,  certificate. 

Jack,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Nathan  Howell,  Shelby,  premium;  Collier  & 
Tucker,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Jack,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Lewis  Malone,  Shelby,  premium;  D.  D.  Wilson, 
Anderson,  certificate. 

Jack  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  D.  D.  Wilson,  Anderson,  premium;  J.  A.  Hornsby, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Jennet,  four  years  and  over,  D.  D.  Wilson,  Anderson,  premium;  J.  W.  Bell,  Shelby,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jennet,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Nathan  Howell,  Shelby,  premium;  Evan 
Hentun,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Jennet,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Nathan  Howell,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  W. 
Bell,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Jennet,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  J.  W.  Bell,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  A.  Hornsby, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Jennet  under  one  year  old,  Nathan  Howell,  Shelby,  premium;  Nathan  Divine,  Shelby,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mules,  two  years  and  over,  T.  T.  Elliston,  Shelby,  premium;  Silas  Ford,  Henry,  certificate. 


512  REPORT  OF  THE 

Mule,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  R.  E.  Mason,  Shelby,  premium;  G.  C.  Harbison, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Mules,  under  one  year,  ten  entries,  William  Hopkins.  Henry,  premium;  Silas  Ford,  Henry, 
certificate. 

Pair  Draft  Mules,  one  entry,  Lewis  Malone,  Shelby,  premium. 

OPEN    RING    FOR    ASSES. 

Jacks,  eight  entries,  R.  M.  Booker  &  Co.,  Shelby,  premium;  Lewis  Malone,  Shelby,  certifi- 
cate. 

Jennets,  six  entries,  Nathan  Howell,  Shelby,  premium;  D.  D.Wilson,  Anderson,  certificate. 

FINE    HORSES. 

Stallions,  four  years  and  over,  five  entries,  J.  F.  Moore,  Shelby,  premium;  D.  L.  Gregory, 
Jefferson,  certificate. 

Stallions,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Thomas  Smith,  Shelby,  premium;  Sam- 
uel Booker,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Stallions,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  R.  M.  Booker,  Shelby,  premium;  G.  A. 
Robinson,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Stallions,  one  year  and  under  two,  five  entries,  J.  B.  Dorsey,  Jefferson,  premium;  W.  O. 
McMakin,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Stallions,  under  one  year,  eleven  entries,  William  Miles,  Shelby,  premium;  Samuel  Booker, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Mare,  four  years  and  over,  thirteen  entries,  J.  L.  Moody,  Henry,  premium;  C.  S.  Moore, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Mare,  three  years. and  under  four,  one  entry,  J.  T.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium. 

Mare,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  N.  J.  Smith,  Henry,  premium;  William 
Brewer,  Henry,  certificate. 

Mares,  one  year  aad  under  two,  four  entries,  0.  D.  Todd,  Shelby,  premium;  Saml.  Booker, 
Shelby,  certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  P.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  John  Bird,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallions,  four  years  and  over,  five  entries,  R.  L.  Tinsley,  Louisville,  premium;  S.  R.  Wo- 
mack,  Jefferson,  certificate. 

Stallions,  three  years  and  under  four,  one  eutry,  A.  Dupuy,  Henry,  premium. 

Stallions,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  three  entries,  Drane  &  Hopkins,  Shelby,  premium; 
T.  G.  Crutcher,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Stallions,  one  year  and  under  two,  one  entry,  Isham  W.  Moody,  Henry,  premium. 

Stallions,  under  one  year  old,  ten  entries,  William  M.  Gibson,  Oldham,  premium;  W.  W. 
Taylor,  Oldham,  certificate. 

Mares,  four  years  old  and  over,  four  entries,  J.  T.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  J.  J.  Cloud, 
Fayette,  certificate. 

Mares,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  two  entries,  J.  D.  Gilman,  Jefferson,  premium;  Chil- 
ton Scott,  Henry,  certificate. 

Mares,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  one  entry,  N.  J.  Smith,  Henry,  premium. 

Mares,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  A.  J.  Viley,  Scott,  premium;  F.  P.  Stone,  Shel- 
by, certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year,  six  entries,  W.  D.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  J.  M.  Todd,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

JEHU'S    COLTS. 

(Premiums  by  R.  L.  Tinsley.) 

Stallions,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  W.  M.  Gibson,  Oldham,  premium;  W.  W.  Tay- 
lor, Oldham,  certificate. 

Mare,  under  one  year  old,  four  entries,  Robt.  Mallory,  Oldham,  premium;  W.  D.  Calloway, 
Henry,  certificate. 

FOURTH  DAY. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  two  entries,  J.  F.  Moore,  Shelby,  premium;  G.  Cleaveland, 
Jessamine,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  three  entries,  Jas.  Kindle,  Spencer,  premium;  J.  Cor- 
bin,  Henry,  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  and  under  three,  three  entries,  William  Hall,  Shelby,  premium;  Albert 
Ford,  Oldham,  certificate. 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  three  entries,  John  F.  Moore,  Shelby,  premium;  Os- 
wald Thomas,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  Z.  N.  Bell,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  L.  Ficklin,  Jef- 
fer-son,  certificate. 

Mares,  four  years  old  and  over,  ten  entries,  Wm.  Hopkins,  Henry,  premium;  W.  W.  Tay- 
lor, Oldham,  certificate. 


STATE  AGRICULTUBAL  SOCIETY.  513 

Mares,  three  years  old  and  under  four,  four  entries,  B.  Warford,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  L. 
Ficklin,  Jefferson,  certificate. 

Mares,  two  years  and  under  three,  two  entries,  Jas.  Stone,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  W.  John 
ston,  Shelby,  certificate. 

Mares,  one  year  and  under  two,  two  entries,  Nathan  Miles,  Henry,  premium;  W.  H.  Bal- 
lard, Shelby,  certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year,  five  entries,  J.  W.Huss,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  T.  Armstrong,  Henry, 
certificate. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion,  four  years  and  over,  two  entries,  J.  S.  Lindsay,  Henry,  premium;  D.  L.  Gregory, 
Jefferson,  certificate. 

Stallion,  three  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  Saml.  Mcllvaine,  Henry,  premium;  John 
Eaton,  Henry;  certificate. 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,  five  entries,  Saml.  Calloway,  Henry,  premium;  Hen- 
ry C.  Middleton,  Henry,  certificate. 

Stallions,  one  year  and  under  two,  four  entries,  Wm.  Payne,  Fayette,  premium;  Calvin 
Ford,    Henry,  certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year,  one  entry,  J.  L.  Moody,  Henry,  premium. 

Mares,  four  years  and  over,  four  entiies,  J.  Pryor,  Henry,  premium;  H.  H.  Ferguson,  Wood- 
ford, certificate. 

Mares,  three,  years  and  under  four,  two  entries,  D.  Ellis,  Henry,  premium;  W.  Calloway, 
Oldham,  certificate. 

Mares,  two  years  and  under  three,  six  entries,  F.Goodrich,  Henry,  premium,  E.  Dorsey,  Jr., 
Jefferson,  certificate. 

Mares,  one  year  and  under  two,  three  entries,  J.  L.  Woody,  Henry,  premium;  N.  S.  Pol- 
lard, Henry,  certificate. 

Mares,  under  one  year  old,  five  entries,  R.  F.  Moody,  Henry,  premium  and  certificate. 

OPEN    RING    EOR    HORSES. 

Stallions,  fourteen  entries,  S.  R.  Womack,  Jefferson,  premium;  C.  S.  Moore,  Shelby,  cer- 
tificate. 

Mares,  fifteen  entries,  C.  S.  Moore,  Shelby,  premium;  J.  M.  Calloway,  Henry,  certificate. 

Saddle  Gelding,  eighteen  entries,  A.  P.  Williams,  Frankfort,  ^premium;  H.  H.  Ferguson. 
Woodford,  certificate. 

Best  Saddle  Mare,  four  entries,  J.  F.  Young,  Trimble,  premium;  David  Harbison,  Shelby, 
certificate. 

Pair  of  Carriage  Horses,  four  entries,  E.  Dorsey,  Jr.,  Jefferson,  premium;  Geo.  Welling, 
Spei.cer,  certificate. 

Pair  of  Carriage  Mares,  one  entry,  Junius  W.  Craig,  Arkansas,  premium. 

From  the  Shelby  News,  of  October  21,  1857. 
EMINENCE  FAIR. 

We  are  under  obligations,  and  return  our  thanks,  to  friends  for    the  following   notes,   abou 
the  late  exhibition. 
To  the  Editor  of  The  Shelby  News: 

The  Seventh  Annual  Fair  of  the  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  has  just 
closed,  and  having  no  recollection  of  seeing  you  upon  the  grounds  I  take  this  opportunity  to 
let  you  and  your  distant  readers  know  that  it  was,  with  few  exceptions,  equal  to  any  of  its 
predecessors.  Fears  were  entertained  by  some  of  the  friends,  that  inasmuch  as  the  United 
States  Agricultural  Society  was  so  recently  held  at  Louisville,  that  ours  would  not  be  attended 
by  the  upper  county  men  as  usual,  and  consequently  we  would  have  an  indifferent  show.  I 
am  glad  to  be  able  to  state,  that  our  friends  from  abroad,  who  have  been  in  the  habit  of  attend- 
ing, were,  as  heretofore,  on  hand;  and  it  will  always  be  the  case  while  our  Fair  is  conducted 
by  such  kind  and  attentive  officers. 

Our  Local  Ring  of  Cattle,  being  composed,  as  you  know,  of  stock  owned  in  the  three  coun- 
ties of  Shelby,  Henry,  and  Oldham,  surprised  those  who  witnessed  it.  If  our  spirited  stock 
raisers  go  on  in  the  like  ratio,  for  the  next  seven  years,  we  may  safely  challenge  any  Society 
in  the  State.  Our  horses,  sheep,  and  hogs,  as  is  well  known,  can  now  compete  successfully 
with  older  Societies  Our  agricultural  products  were  truly  astonishing;  and  our  mechanical 
skill,  particularly  in  plows,  unsurpassed  anywhere. 

And  what  shall  1  say  of  our  fair  country-women — matrons  and  maids?  By  an  examination 
of  the  Secretary's  report,  you  will  see  every  ring  fully  contested — from  the  half  hose  up  to  the 
full  suit  of  clothes.  And  not  being  satisfied  with  in  door  work,  they  turn  to  the  kitchen  and 
dairy,  as  witness  the  fifteen  entries  for  the  premium  for  best  cooked  ham,  and  the  various 
entries  for  bread,  cheese,  butter,  etc.  With  surh  women  for  wives,  and  to  become  wives,  may 
we  not  expect  great  good  to  come  of  such  exhibitions?  The  most  skeptical  heretofore  have 
now  yielded  their  opposition  to  Fairs,  and  admit  they  afford  a  greater  stimulus  to  enterprise  in 
Agriculture  and  Mechanical  Arts  than  public  speaking  and  written  essays.  H. 

33 


514  REPORT  OF  THE 

To  the  Editor  of  The  Shelby  News: 

Among  the  very  many  attractive  features  of  the  last  day,  was  a  splendid  silver  Tea  Set, 
of  five  pieces,  and  a  very  large  silver  Pitcher,  all  of  exquisite  design  and  superior  workman- 
ship, from  antique  patterns,  and  which  would  have  been  a  gorgeous  display  upon  a  regal  board. 
Attracted  to  the  spot  by  observing  a  constant  throng  of  ladies — whose  little  hearts  have  re- 
markable capacious  reception  rooms  for  silverware  and  other  pretty  things —  I  was  delighted 
to  find  they  were  the  well  merited  tribute  to  Kentucky  enterprise  and  genius;  and  the  more  so, 
because  won  by  our  own  countyman,  Dr.  Joseph  A.  Moore,  whose  just  pride  in  exhibiting 
them  was  not  greater  than  the  gratification  of  his  numerous  friends  and  former  associates  in 
his  well  deserved  prize — which  was  the  premium  of  the  St.  Louis  Agricultural  and  Mechanical 
Association  for  the  best  Reaper  and  the  best  Mower — both  of  which  premiums  were  awarded 
to  the  Kentucky  Harvester,  exhibited  by  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  in  a  contest  with  nine  other 
Reapers  and  Mowers,  near  St.  Louis,  in  July  last. 

I  have  not  the  slightest  doubt  this  Mower  was  entitled  to  the  premium  at  the  great  National 
trial  at  Syracuse,  as  to  which  the  judges  failed  to  come  to  any  conclusion.  It  was  the  only 
one  on  the  ground  that  went  through  all  its  work  as  a  mower  without  breaking  or  choking,  or 
any  accident  whatever.  Kentuckians  will  find  after  every  trial,  that  it  is  the  best  in  use;  and 
as  a  home  production  it  should  be  enthusiastically  preferred.  The  preference  many  of  us  give 
for  Northern  implements  is  far  from  being  reciprocated  by  the  North  toward  us;  and  no  North- 
ern manufactory  equals  Miller,  Wingate  &  Co.,  in  the  finish  and  excellent  work  sent  out  from 
their  factory.  L. 


UNION    AGRICULTURAL   AND  MECHANICAL   ASSOCIATION  OF  MASON  AND 

BRACKEN  COUNTIES. 

Robert  W.  Scott, 

Cor.  Secretary  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Dear  Sir:  In  compliance  with  a  resolution  passed  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society,  I  shall  give  you  a  brief  history  of  the  organization  of  the 
Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  for  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties.  On  the  first 
Saturday  in  April,  1854,  a  few  citizens  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties  met  in  the  Town  Hall 
in  Germantown — the  county  line  runs  through  the  center  of  the  Hall,  and  the  citizens  of  Ma- 
son and  Bracken  can  meet  and  transact  business  with  each  other  and  remain  in  their  own 
counties. 

A  President  and  Secretary  were  appointed.  A  motion  was  made  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  citi- 
zens of  both  counties.  Several  gentlemen  advocated  the  motion,  and  spoke  with  great  confi- 
dence as  to  what  each  county  would  do.     A  young  gentleman  said — 

"Mr.  President,  I  have  a  substitute  to  offer  for  the  one  before  the  house.  1  move  we  now 
proceed  to  elect  our  officers  for  the  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  for  Mason 
and  Bracken  Counties — one  President,  three  Vice  Presidents,  a  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  seven 
Directors  from  Mason,  and  six  Directors  from  Bracken." 

For  a  moment  there  was  a  little  wavering;  it  was  what  all  desired,  yet  they  had  not  met  for 
that  purpose,  the  speaker  said  we  can  raise  the  money;  I  know  from  the  feeling  and  known 
energy  of  this  body  of  men  that  many  more  not  here  will  follow  our  example  and  contribute 
libarally;  the  question  was  put,  and  the  substitute  was  carried  unanimously.  Anthony  Killgore 
was  tlecteJ  President;  C.  M.  Gibbons,  first  Vice  President;  Charles  Humphreys,  second  Vice 
President;  James  Dawson,  third  Vice  President;  F.  A.  Savage,  Secretary;  Ben.  Wood,  Jr., 
Treasurer;  seven  Directors  from  Mason  and  six  from  Bracken.  Committees  were  appointed 
to  draw  up  charter,  by  .-laws,  constitution,  &c,  contract  for  suitable  grounds  as  near  the  line  of 
the  two  counties  as  possible.  Mr.  E.  Currans  offered  his  beautiful  woodland  to  the  Society  for 
the  first  fair,  free  of  charge.  The  proper  committee  proceeded  immediately  to  erect  seats  and 
make  all  necessary  arrangements  for  holding  a  Fair  on  the  22d,  23d,  24th,  and  25th,  September 
1854.     On  Saturday  the  26th  we  had  an  auction  for  stock,  &c. 

Our  first  Fair  was  all  its  most  ardent  friends  could  wish.  The  Ladies,  (God  bless  them,) 
joined  us  in  getting  up  one  of  the   most  interesting   Fairs  of  our  glorious  old  State.     At  our 


STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  515 

April  meeting  in  1855,  the  constitution,  by-laws  and  charter  were  approved,  and  L.  J.  Bradford 
was  appointed  to  present  the  charter  to  our  next  Legislature''.  The  Society  contracted  with  Mr 
Joseph  Frazee  for  twenty  acres  of  his  woodland,  one  of  the  most  beautiful  situations  in  Ken- 
tucky. Many  majestic  trees  are  growing  on  the  twenty  acres  belonging  to  our  Society;  a 
large  and  deep  pond  adds  to  its  beauty  and  affords  any  quantity  of  good  stock  water;  a  well  has 
been  completed  securing  to  the  many  that  visit  our  Fair  an  abundant  supply  of  the  very  best 
water.  Our  Association  has  held  three  Fairs  on  their  "rounds,  and  erected  the  following  im. 
provements:  A  large  and  elegant  two  story  Amphitheatre,  with  a  shingle  roof  over  the  seats; 
offices,  and  a  beautiful  gothic  cottage  for  the  accommodation  of  ladies;  a  large  and  beautiful 
floral  hall,  industrial  hall,  magistrates  office,  booths,  dining  saloons,  and  one  hundred  and  thirty 
stalls  for  stock,  with  out  houses  for  grooms,  &c,  all  in  complete  order,  surrounder  with  a  high 
board  fence.  The  Society  expect  to  have  completed,  by  next  fall,  a  large  and  convenient  ho. 
tel  that  will  accommodate  the  officers  and  visitors.  The  first  story  will  be  occupied  by  the  Far- 
mers' Club  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties,  which  was  organized  last  spring,  and  has  the  fol 
lowing  officers:  L.  J.  Bradford,  President;  James  Claybrook  and  John  Fee,  Vice  Presidents; 
Ben.  Wood,  Treasurer;  James  Savage,  Secretary;  and  three  hundred  members. 

Below  you  will  find  the  number  of  stock  exhibited  on  the  29th  and  30th  September,  and  1st 
and  2d  October,  1857.  160  Horses;  108  Cattle  for  breeding;  7  Fat  Cattte;  13  yoke  of  Oxen; 
22  Hogs;  26  Sheep;  17  Jacks  and  Jennies,  and  19  Mules.  The  show  of  field  products  and 
fruits  was  fine.  On  Saturday  the  3d  October,  1857,  the  importing  company  for  Mason  and 
Bracken  had  their  first  sale  of  the  increase  of  Short  Horn  Durham  Cattle  imported  in  1856. 
Ei^ht  Calves  were  sold,  averaging  $240. 

By  agreement  of  the  sub  company  with  the  original  company,  they  are  to  keep  their  entire 
herd  of  eighteen  up  and  not  reduce  it  for  five  years,  and  the  five  bulls  are  not  to  be  removed 
out  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Counties  during  the  five  years. 

A  Cleveland  Bay  Stallion  was  imported  at  the  same  time.  This  order  for  him  was  sent  by 
a  few  fancy  farmers  to  improve  the  stock  of  coach  horses.  He  is  all  they  could  wish,  and  the 
only  difficulty  is  to  retain  him.  A  gentleman  from  Bourbon,  who  brought  some  fine  stock  to 
our  Fair,  offered  more  than  double  his  cost.  Mares  from  several  states  have  been  bred  to  this 
fine  horse;  he  is  seventeen  hands  high,  and  one  of  the  fast  horses.  Mr.  Henry  Smoot  and 
Mr.  A.  K.  Marshall  selected  the  cattle  and  horse  in  England.  Mr.  S.  selected  Borne  fine 
Southdown  Sheep  for  his  own  purposes. 

Many  of  our  farmers  have  visited  the  blue  grass  counties,  and  purchased  the  very  finest 
cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs.  The  very  best  of  feeling  exists — Agricultural  works  are  subscribed 
for,  and  a  general  improvement  in  all  kind  of  farm  implements. 

Our  premiums  paid  at  our  last  fair  amounted  to  .$1,750.  I  predict  a  bright  future  for  the 
Agriculturists  of  Mason  and  Bracken  counties.  There  is  no  pursuit  of  mankind,  which  in 
importance  and  utility  bears  a  comparison  with  Agriculture;  yet,  none  which  is  so  wanting  in 
,he  elements  of  a  healthy  progression.  A  laudable  desire  to  excel  is  implanted  in  our  na- 
ture, but  the  rough  life  of  the  farmer  is  not  well  calculated  to  develope  this  high  attribute- 
hence  the  necessity  of  throwing  around  his  avocation  all  the  allurements  of  a  Farmers'  An- 
nual Festival,  where  liberal  emoluments  can  be  competed  for  and  won,  for  exhibitions  of  ex- 
cellence in  his  art.  An  interchange  of  opinions  with  the  farmers  is  of  great  benefit;  the  com- 
parison of  seeds  and  farm  implements,  (the  culture  of  the  one  and  the  labor  saving  of  the 
other,)  does  a  great  deal  to  encourage  the  young  Agriculturists. 

Respectfully,  &c, 

L.  J.  BRADFORD. 

OFFICERS    OF    THE  SOCIETY    FOR    1857. 

A-  H.  Wall,  President;  J.  T.  Bradford,  Charles  Humphreys,  and  W.  B.  Crupper,  Vice  Prefl- 
jdents;  Henry  Smoot,  J.  Curtiss,  W.  H.  Robertson,  William  Chanslor,  J.  A.  Coburn,  A.  K. 
Marshall,  Charles  Osborne,  and  A.  Killgore,  of  Mason,  and  John  Fee,  William  Orr,  Sr.,  C 
M.  Gibbons,  G.  W.  Toleman,  D.  Byers,  W.  S.  Harrod,  and  J.  H.  Boude,  of  Bracken,  Direc. 
tors;  F.  A.  Savage,  Secretary;  B.  W.  Wood,  Jr.,  Treasurer;  L.  J.  Bradford,  Marshal. 


516 


REPORT  OF  THE 


PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  UNION    AGRICULTURAL    AND   MECHANICAL  ASSO- 
CIATION OF  MASON  AND  BRACKEN  COUNTIES,  FOR  1857. 

CLASS    A. — MECHANICAL. — AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

Reaping  Machine, 20  00 

Threshing  Machine, 15  00 

Plow  for  sod,        -                 ............  5  00 

Shovel  Plow, -  3  00 

Plow  for  all  purposes, 5  00 

Cultivator, 3  00 

Grain  Drill, 7  00 

Corn  Planter, 3  00 

Hemp  Break, 3  00 

Cutting  Box, 5  00 

Fanning  Mill, 3  00 

Bee  Hive, 3  00 

Hemp  Hook, 1  00 

Corn  and  Cob  Crusher, 8  00 

Plan  for  Grate  and  Fastening,              3  00 

Judges — Thos.  M.  Forman,  Watson  P.  Diltz,  Charles  Day. 

CARRIAGES,    WAGONS,  AC. 

Two -horse  Carriage, 10  00 

One  horse  Buggy, 7  00 

Four  or  Six  horse  Wagon, 10  00 

Two  horse  Wagon,              6  00 

Ox  Cart,              3  00 

Dray, 3  00 

Judges — Col.  A,  Soward,  Enos  Myall,  J.  Bierbower. 

CABINET  WARE. 

Sofa,           - ■    -                           -         -  3  00 

Bureau, --•-.-  3  00 

Ottoman,    ---                  3  00 

Common  Table, 3  00 

Centre  Table,     --      -         -         -         - 3  00 

Bedstead, 3  00 

Judges — James  Pinckard,  Peter  Rudd,  James  Henry. 

COOPERAGE. 

Tierce, 2  00 

Pork  Barrel, 2  OQ 

Flour  Barrel, 1  00 

•Lard  Keg,           - 1  00 

Exhibition  of  Pine  or  Cedar  Ware,    - 2  00 

^Judges — John  Van  Dyke,  John  Stallcup,  Nicholas  Sellars. 

SADDLERY  AND  HARNESS. 

Gentleman's  Saddle, 5  00 

'Lady's  Saddle, 5  00 

'Set  of  Double  Harness, .......500 

Set  of  Single  Harness, 3  00 

Draught  Collar, I  00 

Judges — Orval  McKibbon,  G.  Pinckard.  L.  C.  Coulter. 

BOOTS    AND   SHOES. 

Pair  Gent's  fine  Boots, 3  00 

Pair  Gent's  Kip  Boots, 2  00 

Pair  Ladies'  Gaiters,           -         -         -         -         -         -         - 2  00 

Pair  Ladies'  Slippers, 1  00 

Pair  Gent's  Embroidered  Slippers, 2  00 

^  Judges — Jos.  Myer,  Johnston  Grigston,  Jacob  Longnecker. 

GENTLEMEN'S    CLOTHING. 

Cloth  Cloak, 5  00 

Overcoat, 5  00 

Frock  or  Dress  Coat, 5  00 

Pair  Pants, 2  00 

Vest, 2  00 

Shirt, 1  00 

These  articles  to'be  judged  by  the  workmanship,  and  not  by  the  material. 

Judges— Harvey  Murphy,  G.  W.  Reese,  Jacob  B.  Eader. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  517 

LEATHER. 

Side  of  Sole  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Harness  Leather,  -                                    2  00 

Side  of  Bridle  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Skirting  Leather, 2  00 

Side  of  Upper  Leather, 2  00 

Half  dozen  Calf  Skins, 3  00 

Half  dozen  Sheep  Skins, 2  00 

Judges — Geo.  Doniphan,  Andrew  Wood,  Jr.,  Robt.  Stevenson. 

CLASS    B. — PRODUCTS    OF   THF    SOIL. 

Water  rotted  Hemp,  one  hundred  pounds, 3  00 

Dew  rotted  Hemp,  one  hundred  pounds, 3  00 

Sample  of  Wheat, 2  00 

Sample  of  Rye, 2  00 

Sample  of  Barley, 2  00 

Sample  of  Oats, 1  00 

The  above  samples  are  not  to  be  less  than  one  bushel. 

Sample  of  Corn  in  the  ear,        - 1  00 

Sample  of  Timothy  Seed,           - 1  00 

Sample  of  Clover  Seed, 1  00 

Bushel  of  Sweet  Potatoes, 100 

Bushel  of  Irish  Potatoes, 1  00 

Beet  lot  of  Garden  Vegetables, 1  00 

Judges — James  B.  Claybrook,  W.  O.  Blackerby,  Stephen  Hook. 

FRUITS. 

Best  selection  of  Winter  Apples, 2  00 

Best  selection  of  Summer  and  Fall  Apples,                  2  0) 

Best  selection  of  Pears,               2  DO 

Best  selection  of  Peaches, 2(0 

Best  selection  of  Cherries,          - 1   f'O 

Best  selection  of  Plums, 2  00 

Best  selection  of  Gooseberries, 1  00 

Best  selection  of  Grapes, 2  00 

Judges — Wm.  Forman,  Charles  A.  Lyon,  James  A.  Fisher. 

WINES. 

Best  four  bottles  Native  Wine, 3  00 

Best  four  bottles  Domestic  Wine, 3  00 

Judges — Judge  Joseph  Doniphan,  Dr.  J.  T.  Bradford,  John  A.  Ludavig;  James  A.  Johnson, 
A.  Doniphan,  Marcus  Anderson. 

FLOWERS. 

Best  collection  of  Flowers  of  different  varieties, 2  00 

Best  collection  of  Dahlias,           ...........  2  00 

Best  collection  of  Roses     -                                    2  00 

Be^t  Boquet  of  Cut  Flowers, 2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Thomas  Y.  Payne,  Mrs.  Alfred  Soward,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Armstrong. 

TOBACCO. 

Best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  Cigar  Wrappers, 15  00 

Second  best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  Cigar  Wrappers,       -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  all  purposes                            15  00 

Second  best  hogshead  of  Tobacco  for  all  purposes,     -         - 10  00 

Judges— John  Taylor,  F.  P.  Chalfaut,  P.  H.  Clayton,  Samuel  Worthington,  W.C.  Holton. 

Persons  wishing    to  compete  for  the  prizes  for  Tobacco,  will  notify  the  Secretary.  Messrs. 

C.  A.  Lyons,  of  Mason,  and  Wm.  Orr,  of  Bracken,  have  been  appointed  Inspectors,  and  will 
sample  the  hogsheads  submitted  for  the  prize.  Samples  to  be  exhibited  in  Germantown  on  the 
last  Tuesday  in  April,  1858,  at  which  time  the  prizes  will  be  awarded. 

CLASS  C — HOUSEHOLD- 
dairy   PRODUCTS. 

Best  four  pounds  Butter, 2  00 

Best  Cheese,                2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Alfred  Chancellor,  Mrs.  Benj.  Kirk,  Mrs.  Marcus  Ware. 

PRESERVES    AND    PRESERVING. 

Best  display  of  Preserves,  four  jars  or  more,                 3  00 

Plan,  in  writing,  for  preserving  fresh  Fruit   upon  the   hermetrical  sealing  principle; 

specimen  to  accompany  plans, 5  00 


518 


REPORT  OF  THE 


Judges— Mrs.  T.  F.  Marshall,  Mrs.  B.  G.  Willis,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Whipps. 

DOMESTIC    MANUFACTURES. 

Best  specimen  of  Jeans, -         -         -  4  00 

Best  specimen  of  Flannel, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  White  Linsey, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Striped  Linsey,       -                  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Wool  Carpet, 5  00 

Best  specimen  of  Rag  Carpet, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Klax  Linen,              --.'--.---'/-'-.'  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Tow  Linen,              ..........  3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Table  Cloth, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Silk  Goods,     .----------3  00 

Best  one  dozen  double  and  twisted  Yarn, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Wool  Socks,            .............  1  00 

Best  pair  of  Wool  Stockings, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Silk  Stockings, 1  00 

Best  pair  of  Gloves  or  Mitten3, 1  00 

Best  Hearth  Rug,  home  made, 2  00 

Judges — Mrs.  Robert  Power,  Mr3.  R.  Kirk,  Sr.,  Samuel  Lloyd. 

BED    COVERS. 

Best  Silk  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Worsted  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Counterpane,       ..--........-5  00 

Best  White  Cotton  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  Patch  Work  Quilt, 5  00 

Best  pair  of  Blankets,         - 5  00 

WORK    MADE    BY    MISSES    UNDER   TWELVE    YEARS. 

Best  Patch  Work  Quilt, 3  00 

Best  Ornamental  Bed  Spread,              3  00 

Judges — Miss  Angeline  Thomas,  Mrs.  Richard  Lloyd,  Mrs.  Mary  Savage. 

NEEDLE  WORK. 

Best  Silk  or  Velvet  Bonnet, 3  00 

Best  Lady's  Cloak,              3  00 

Best  Worsted  worked  Piano  Cover,              3  00 

Best  Worsted  Table  Cover, 2  00 

Best  Ottoman,              2  00 

Best  Chair  Cover, 2  00 

Best  Group  of  Flowers,               2  00 

Best  Linen  worked  Lady's  Cape  or  Handkerchief, 2  00 

Best  Linen  worked  Lady's  Collar, 2  00 

Judges — Miss  Mary  Anne  Scisson,  Mr3.  Harvey  Murphy,  Mrs.  John  Curtiss. 

WAX    AND    SHELL    WORK,    <tC. 

Best  specimen  of  Shell  Work, ---'•-.-.  2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Wnx  Work, 2  00 

Best  specimen  of  Artificial  Flowers, 2  00 

ARTISTICAL. 

Best  Painting  in  Oil, 3  00 

Best  Painting  in  Water  Colors, 3  00 

Best  Drawing  in  Pencil, 3  00 

Best  specimen  of  Daguerrean  Art,              3  00 

Judges— Mrs.  G.  W.  Coons,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Boude,  Mrs.  T.  M.  Hamer. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Best  three   Hams  of  Bacon,  one  of  which   must  be  boiled — accompanied"  by   written 

statement  of  the  curing  process,      -------  5  00 

Best   specimen  of  Cucumber  and  other   Pickles,  accompanied  by  written  statement 

of  the  ingredients,  quantities,  &c,  used  in  preparing  them, 2  00 

Best  specimen  five  pounds  Lard, 1  00 

Best  barrel  S.  F.  White  Wheat  Flour, 3  00 

Judges— Richard  Lloyd,  Athelston  Owens,  J.  B.  Hawes. 

POULTRY. 

Best  pair  Shanghais,  red  and  buff,       ........         .         .  2  00 

Best  pair  Shanghais,  white,         --.....         ....  2  00 

Best  pair  Shanghais,  black,        ...........  2  00 

Best  pair  Brahmas,     ------ 2  00 

Best  pair  Dorkings, 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  519 

Best  pair  Native  Common, 2  00 

Best  pair  Turkies, 2  00 

Best  pair  Ducks, 2  0" 

Best  pair  Geese, 2  00 

Judges — Joseph  Duncan,  William  Fleming,  Joab  Boughner. 

FEMALE    EQUESTRIANS. 

Best  Female  Equestrian, 20  00 

Second  best  Female  Equestrian; 10  00 

Professional  riders  wi'l  not  be  admitted  to  compete  for  the  prizes. 

Judges— John  T.  Wilson,  Chas.S.  Smoot,  C.  T.  Perry,  T.  F,  Marshall,  Dr.  C.  S.  Savage. 

CLASS  D.— DRAFT  HORSES. 

Best  Stallion  three  years  and  over,     ...         .......  15  00 

Second  best  Stallion  three  years  and  over, 5  00 

Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three,      -------         --6  00 

Second  best  Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Stallion, 6  00 

Second  best  sucking  Stallion, 3  00 

Mare  three  years  old  and  over, 15  00 

Second  best  Mare  three  years  old  and  over, 5  00 

Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,           ---------  6  00 

Second  best  Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -         -         -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Mare  Colt, 6  00 

Second  best  sucking  Mare  Colt, 3  00 

Judges — Aiex.  Martin,  Ripley,  Ohio;  Paul  King,  Cynthiana;  Warren  B.  Rogers,  Paris;  A. 
B.  Thompson,  Pendleton;  John  Wheeler,  Alexandria. 

Alternates— Wyatt  Weedon,  Mason;  W.  T.  Sallee,  Mason;    G.  W.  Wells,  Mason;  Joseph 
Whisner,  Bracken;  John  Taylor,  Bracken. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR   DRAFT    STOCK. 

Best  Stallion  of  any  age, 10  00 

Best  Mare  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges — David  Howel,  Montgomery;  W.  L.  Sudduth,  Bath;  John  Hoby,  Pendleton;  Samuel 
Rankin,  Harrison;  George  Richeson,  Feesburg,  Ohio. 

Alternates — Samuel  Shockey,  Bracken;   W    W.  Orr,  Bracken;  Osgood  Burgess,  Mason;  J. 
H.  D'.vire,  Mason;  Elliott  Fishback,  Bracken. 

CLASS  E.— GELDINGS  AND  MARES. 

Gelding  two  years  old  and  under  three  years,  for  the  saddle  or  harness,      -         -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Gelding  two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  the  saddle  or  harness,  -         -  3  00 

Gelding  one  year  old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Gelding  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -------  3  00 

Gelding  two  years  old  and  under  three,  for  draft,       -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Gelding  two  vears  old  and  under  three,  for  draft,    -         -         -         -         -  3  00 

Gelding  one  year  old  and  under  two,  for  draft,  --------  6  00 

Second  best  Gelding  one  year  old  and  under  two,  for  draft,         -         •         -         -         -  3  00 

Pair  of  Matched  Mares,  in  harness, -        -         -  10  00 

Second  best  pair  Matched  Mares,  in  harness,      -         - 5  00 

Mare  in  single  harness,       ------------  10  00 

Second  best  Mare  in  single  harness,  -------         -         -         •  5  00 

Best  Mare  for  the  Saddle,  to  be  shown  under  the  saddle, 10  00 

Judges — Mr.  Stephens,  Cincinnati;  Edward  Harrison,  Bourbon;    Lewis  Grov9s,  Mason;  Paul 
Best,  Mason;  J.  D.  Cushman,  Mason. 

Alternates — T.  F.  Pollock,  Bracken;  Dr.  John  Holton,  Bracken;  T.  L.  Bacon,  Mason,  R.    L. 
Lewis,  Mason;  James  Stroud,  Mason. 

CLASS  F.— SHEEP. 

SHEEP    FOR   FINE    WOOL. 

Buck  one  vear  old  or  over, -         -  5  00 

Sucking  Buck,             -         - ...  3  00 

Ewe  one  year  old  or  over,           ...........  5  00 

Sucking  Ewe,             3  00 

SHEEP    FOR    MIDDLE    GRADES    OF   WOOL. 

Buck  one  vear  old  or  over, 5  00 

Sucking  Buck, 3  00 

Ewe  one  vear  old  or  over, 5  00 

Sucking  Ewe, 3  00 


520  REPORT  OF  THE 

SHEEP    FOR   COARSE    WOOL. 

Buck  one  year  old  or  over, 5  00 

Sucking  Buck,  3  00 

Ewe  one  vear  old  or  over,  ...........5  00 

Sucking  Ewe,  3  00 

Judges — F.  P.  Gray,  Harrison;  Hiram  Gregg,  Ohio;  Jas.  H.  Drane,  Eminence;  Ky.;  W.  B. 
Woodruff,  Henderson;  Nathaniel  McDaniel,  Winchester. 

Alternates — W.  Ragau,  Bracken;  W.  H.  Reynolds,  George  L.  Forman,  A.  M.  Peed,  C.  C. 
Owens. 

FAT    SHEEP. 

Pen  of  five  or  more  Weathers  or  Ewes, 6  00 

Judges — Richard  Kirk,  Mason;  John  McDonald,  Mason;  Littleton  Meingee,  Mason;  Fred 
Fishback,  Bracken,  John  Reed,  Bracken. 

CLASS  G— SWINE. 

Boar  one  year  old  or  more, 5  00 

Sucking  Boar,  3  00 

Sow  one  year  old  or  more,  -  .......         -         -         5  00 

Sucking  Sow,  3  00 

Pen  of  three  or  more  Fat  Hogs,         ..........         5  00 

Judges — George  F.  Allen,  W.  Watson,  Garrett  Applegate,  Marcus  Ware,  Joseph  Drake. 
All  Swine  will  be  examined  in  the  pens. 

CLASS  H.— CATTLE. 

FOR    BEEF    OR   MILK. 

Bull  three  years  old  or  more, 15  00 

Second  best  Bull  three  years  old  or  more,  ........         5  00 

Bull  two  years  old  and  under  three,    - 6  00 

Second  best  Bull  two  years  and  under  three, 3  00 

Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two,         .........-6  00 

Second  best  Bull  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Bull  under  one  year  old,     -     '    - 6  00 

Second  best  Bull  under  one  year  old, 3  00 

Cow  three  years  old  or  more,      - 15  00 

Second  best  Cow  three  years  old  or  more,  -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         5  00 

Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two,        .......         ...         6  00 

Second  best  Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Suckling  Heifer  Calf, 6  00 

Second  best  Suckling  Heifer  Calf,       -         - 3  00 

Judges — Chas.  T.  Garrard,  Bourbon;  Elijah  Browning,  Browningsville;  Wm.  Wilson,  Har- 
rison;  W.  R.  Duncan,  Winchester;  E.  E.  Pearce,  Poplar  Plains. 

Alternates — Jonathan  Hedgecock,  John  Reed,  James  Dawson,  Benjamin  Jamison,  Benj.  Kirk. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Fat  Bullock  three  years  or  more  old, 15  00 

Second  best  fat  Bullock  three  years  or  more  old,        -  ....        5  00 

Fat  Bullock  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  fat  Bullock  two  years  old  and  under  three,  -  -  *  -  •  -  -  3  00 
Fat  Cow  three  years  or  more  old,        -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -10  00 

Second  best  fat  Cow  three  years  or  more  old, 5  00 

Fat  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  best  fat  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Judges—  John  Sherran,  Ripley,  O.;  Nelson  Prewitt,  Montgomery;  Franklin  Riggs,  Coving- 
ton; David  Diltz,  Harrison;  E.  Thompson,  Georgetown,  O. 

Alternates—  Richard  Kirk,  Mason;  Thomas  Gurney,  Mason;  Alf.  Chancellor,  Mason;  SamT 
Taylor,  Bracken;  James  Best,  Bracken. 

AVRESHIRE,    ALDERNEYS,    JERSEYS    AND    DEVONS. 

Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Bull  of  any  age, 15  00 

Second  best  Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Bull  of  any  age, 5  00 

Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Cow  of  any  age,  -         -         -         -         -         -  15  00 

Second  best  Ayrshire,  Alderney  or  Jersey  Cow  of  any  age,         -         -         -         -         -         5  00 

Devon  Bull  of  any  age, - 15  00 

Second  best  Devon  Bull  of  any  age, 5  00 

Devon  Cow  of  any  age, 15  00 

Second  best  Devon  Cow  of  any  age, 5  00 

Judges— J.  R.  Duncan,  Paris;  W.  Clark,  Sr.,  Brown  county,  O.;  John  Cunningham,  Paris; 
Chas    Marshall,  Fleming;  John  Bedford,  Bourbon. 

Alternates — Robt.  Coleman,  Col.  C.  C.  Robinson,  Jacob  Sallee,  Bracken;  John  B.  Poyntz, 
James  Norris,  Sr.,  Masoa. 


STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


521 


WORKING    CATTLE. 

Yoke  of  Oxen, - 6  00 

Second  best  Yoke  of  Oxen, 3  00 

Judges — S.  B  Curran,  Claysville;  Robert  Bradford,  Pendleton;  John  Mcllvain,  Alf.  Chan- 
cellor, Mayslick;  John  Barker,  Mason. 

Alternates — Joseph  Taylor,  James  M.  Heck,  Bracken;  Thos.  C.  Osborne,  Gen.  S.  Wortking- 
ton,  Mason;  Benedict  Kirk. 

CATTLE  FOR  MILK — OPEN  FOR  ALL  BREEDS. 

Milk  Cow, 6  00 

Second  best  Milk  Cow, 3  00 

Judges — Henry  Williams,  Harrison;  W. G.  Woodson,  Pendleton;  John  Hall, Carlisle;  Benj. 

Suddutb,  Clarke;  Jesse  Jefferson,  Sardis. 

Alternates — Thos.  Myers,  G.  Doggett,  Andy  Wells,  Bracken;  G.  L.  Forman,  John  B.  Poyntz, 

Mason. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR    CATTLE. 

Bull  of  any  age  or  breed, 10  00 

Cow  of  any  age  or  breed,  ------------       10  00 

Judges-- Robert  Buchanan,  Ohio;  Wm.   Redmon,    Harrison;    Richard  Stowers,    Falmouth; 

Thos   Cunningham,  Paris;  Dr.  A.  Watts,  Chilicothe,   Ohio. 

Alternates—  A.  H.  Pollock,  W.  P.  Diltz,  Bracken;  R.  C.  Derritt,  John   S.  Mitchell,  Mason; 

Jos.  Whisuer,  Bracken. 

CLASS  I.— FINE  HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over, 15  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  three  years  old  and  over,  ..._•..         5  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three,     -                   -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -         -         -  6  00 

Second  best  Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Stallion, 6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Stallion,              3  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  over, 15  00 

Second  best  Mare,  three  years  old  and  over, 5  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 6  00 

Second  be9t  Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three,       ...-.--  3  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,       -         - 6  00 

Second  best  Ma.e,  one  year  old  and  under  two, 3  00 

Sucking  Mare  Colt,             6  00 

Second  best  Sucking  Mare  Colt, 3  00 

Judges — Thomas  Oliver,  Poplar  Plains;  Dr.  W.  P.  Buckner,  Georgetown,  O.;  Frank  Vimont, 
Kentontown;  W.  S.  Rogers,  Paris;  Henry  Nichols,  Harrison. 

Alternates— A.  H.  Pullock,  J.  T.  Bradford,  Bracken;  James  McCreall,  Fred.  Weedon,  John 
S.  Wells,  Mason. 

HARNESS  HORSES. 

Pair  of  Matched  Horses, 10  00 

Second  best  pair  of  Matched  Horses, 5  00 

Horse  in  Single  Harness,             -                   10  00 

Second  best  Horse  in  Single  Harness,         -                  5  00 

Stallion  for  Double  or  Single  Harness,  to  be  shown  in  harness,           -         -         -         -  10  00 

Second  best  Stallion  for  Double  or  Single  Harness,  to  be  shown  in  harness,         -         -  5  00 

Judges — Geo.  Crane,  Cincinnati;  Jos.  Downing,  Lexington;  H.  L.  Penn,  Georgetown,  O.; 
Thomas  Jackson,  Maysville;  W.  W.  Goddard,  Covington. 

Alternates — W.  Daugherty,  Jos.  Doniphan,  Alt'.  Soward,  Bracken;  W.  W.  Baldwin,  Frank 
Pogue,  Mason. 

SWEEPSTAKES. 

Stallion  of  any  age, 10  00 

Mare  of  any  age, 10  00 

Judges— Wm.  Ragland,  Bath;  Robert  Bowl,  Bourbon;  W.  S.  Buford,  Versailles;  C.  C. 
Rogers,  Lexington;  Caleb  Walton,  Cynthiana. 

Alternates—  Benj.  Preston,  W.  W.  Baldwin,  Mason;  Dr.  I.  Pollock,  Dr.  J.  J.  Bradford,  W. 
B.  Orr,  Bracken. 

CLASS  K.— JACKS  AND  JENNETS. 

Jack  three  years  old  or  more, 15  00 

Second  best  Jack  three  years  old  or  more,  ..........         -5  00 

Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three,  - 6  00 

Second  best  Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three,         - 3  00 


522  REPORT  OF  THE 

Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two,        -  6  00 

Second  best  Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two,     --------3  00 

Jack  under  one  year  old,    ------------6  00 

Second  best  Jack  under  one  year  old,  ------         ---3  00 

Jennet  three  years  old  or  over,  -         -         -  -         -         -         -         -         -15  00 

Second  best  Jennet  three  years  old  or  over,         ........         5  00 

Jennet  two  years  and  under  three,       - 6  00 

Second  best  Jennet  two  years  old  and  under  three, 3  00 

Jennet  one  year  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Jennei  one  year  old  and  under  two,         .......         3  00 

Jennet  under  one  year  old,  -         - -         -         -         6  00 

Second  best  Jennet  under  one  year  old,       .........         3  00 

Judges — L.  B.  Desha,  Harrison;  Thos.  L.  Brand,  Pendleton;  Jeff.  Redmond,  Millersburg; 
Andrew  Wilson,  Flat  Rock;  Gabriel  Salter,  Lancaster. 

Alternates — Frank  Bradford,  Augusta;  Robert  Thomas,  Foster;  O.  P.  Diltz,  Milford;  C.  E. 
Dimmitt,  Benj.  Kirk,  Mason. 

SWEEPSTAKE. 

Jack  of  any  ase, 10  00 

Jennet  of  any  *ge,     -         -         -         -         -         -         -  x 10  00 

Judcjes — R.  E.  Miller,  Millersburg;  J.  S.  Williams,  Cynthiana;  Lewis  Castleman,  Lexing- 
ton; Richard  Heddleston,  Flemingsburg;  Thos.  H.  More,  Winchester. 

Alternates— E.  W.  Linn,  C.  C.  Robinsin,  Henry  Anderson,  Bracken;  G.  W.  Wells,  Benedict 
Kirk,  Mason. 

MULES. 

Best  horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over, 6  00 

Second  best  horse  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         3  00 

Bast  horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  over,  6  00 

Second  best  horse  Mule,  one  year  old  and  over, 3  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over,  ........         -6  00 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  two  years  old  and  over, 3  00 

Best  Mare  Mule,  one  year* old  and  under  two, 6  00 

Second  best  Mare  Mule,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -         -         -         -         -         -         3  00 

Best  sucking  Mare  Mule, 6  00 

Second  best  sucking  Mare  Mule,         -         -         - 3  00 

Best  pair  of  Matched  Mules  in  Harness,  -         -         - 10  00 

Judges — Joseph  Liter,  Fleming;  W.  G.  Hedges,  Harrison;  Benjamin  B.  Groom,  Winches- 
ter; W.  S.  Rodders,  Paris;   Dr.  J.  T.  Fleming,  Flemingsburg. 

Alternates — W.  H.  Reynolds,  Bracken;  Robert  Coleman,  Bracken;  Jos.  W.  Wear,  Mason; 
James  S.  Mitchell,  Mason;  Evan  Lloyd,  Mason. 

CLASS    L— 

SADDLE    HORSES    TO    BE    SHOWN    UNDER   THE    SADDLE. 

Best  Gelding  for  the  Saddle, 10  00 

Second  best  Gelding  for  the  Saddle, 5  00 

Best  Stallion  for  the  Saddle,  -         -         -         - 15  00 

Second  best  Stallion  for  the  Saddle,  -  5  00 

Judges — Robert  Mallory,  Oldham;  Dr.  John  Kirkpatric,  "Cynthiana;  E.  P.  Pearce,  Pop- 
lar Plains;  Paul  Longmore,  Covington;   H.    L.  Penn,  Georgetown,  Ohio. 

Alternates— T.  Pollock,  Bracken;  P.  S.  Blades,  Bracken;  Charles  Fleming,  Fleming;  J.  C. 
Humphreys,  Mason;  J.  D.  Cushman,  Mason. 

EQUESTRIANS. 

By  boys  under  fourteen  years  in  uniform  as  follows:  Black  Cap,  Green  Jacket,  White  Pants 
of  Plain  Material. 
Best  Male  Equestrian,         --------         ...-700 

Second  best  Male  Equestrian,  -         -         -       .-         -         -         -         -  -         5  00 

Judges — J.  W-  Armstrong,  Bracken;  J.  B.  Clark,  Bracken,  Robert  Pogue,  Mason;  E.  H. 
Franklin,  Mason;  W.  L.  Pearce,  Mason. 

ORDER  OF  EXHIBITION. 

All  articles  will  be  received  the  first  day,  and  placed  in  their  appropriate  places  for  exhibi- 
tion, to  remain  in  charge  of  the  Superintendents  during  the  Fair. 

The  Judges  of  articles  will  make  their  awards  during  the  first  day,  and  the  premiums 
will  be  announced,  and  the  halls  open  to  the  public  upon  the  second  day. 

First  Day. — Draught  Stock  and  Geldings,  Sheep  and  Hogs.  Hogs  to  be  examined  in  the 
pens.  Fowls,  Fine  Harness  and  Saddle  Mares.  First  in  order  after  dinner  will  be  Female 
Equestrians. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  523 

Second  Day. — Cattle  of  all  grades. 

Third  Day. — Fine  Horses  and  Mares  of  all  ages.     Horses  in  Harness. 
Fourth  Day. — Jacks  and  Jennets,  Mules,  Saddle  Horses.     Boy's  Riding  Match. 
Each  day  to  close  by  an  exhibition  of  the  premium  animals  of  that  day,  in  the  Ring. 
The  awards  of  the  Judges  will  be  announced  as  soon  as  the  decision  is  made,  and  premium 
animals  designated  by  appropriate  badges. 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 

No  member  in  arrears  can  compete  for  a  prize. 

Those  who  are  not  members  may  make  Exhibitions  by  paying  five  dollars  at  the  time  of 
entry. 

Any  person  may  become  a  member  of  the  Society  at  any  time  before  the  Fair,  by  applica- 
tion to  F.  A.  Savage,  Secretary,  or  B.  W.  Wood,  Jr.,  Treasurer,  and  paying  three  dollars. 

All  entries  must  be  made  by  nine  o'clock  on  the  day  of  Exhibition.  If  the  entry  be  an 
animal  under  one  year  old,  the  precise  day  of  its  birth  shall  oe  given. 

All  stock  and  every  article  presented  for  Exhibition,  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the 
Marshal. 

No  aged  animal  that  has  taken  a  Premium  from  this  Society,  shall  again  compete  for  the 
regular  prizes,  unless  in  a  sweepstake  without  regard  to  age. 

Exhibitors  of  horses  shall  elect,  at  the  time  of  entry,  in  which  class  they  will  show, 
(whether  in  fine  or  draft)  and  shall  not  show  in  any  other  class. 

No  owner  of  stock  will  be  admitted  into  the  ring  when  contending  for  a  prize.  Owner- 
ship of  stock  withheld  from  the  Judges. 

No  Piemiums  will  be  awarded  to  any  animal  or  article,  unless  the  Judges  shall  deem  such 
worthy  of  it. 

Judges  of  stock  are  requested  to  report  themselves  at  the  business  office  on  the  grounds,  by 
half  past  eight  o'clock  of  the  day  on  which  they  are  to  act  in  that  capacity.  Judges  of  ar- 
ticles are  requested  to  report  themselves  during  the  first  day  of  the  Fair. 

Premiums  of  five  dollais  and  over  will  be  paid  in  silver  plate — less  than  that  amount,  in 
cash,  unless  otherwise  provided  for  in  the  list. 

In  the  Mechanical  and  Household  departments,  no  person  but  the  Manufacturer  will  be  al- 
lowed to  exhibit;  but  the  Wood  workman  or  Iron-workman  of  Carriages,  Carts,  &c,  may 
enter  jointly  or  individually;  but  one  premium  will  be  awarded,  and  that  for  the  article  com' 
plete. 

The  Exhibition  will  open  at  ten  o'clock  each  day.  The  Secretary  and  Treasurer  will  be 
upon  the  ground  at  an  early  hour. 

Admission  to  the  grounds  free  to  members  and  their  families,  (including  females  and  ser- 
vants and  all  males  under  twenty-one  years.)  All  other  persons  will  be  charged  twenty  five 
cents,  with  privilege  of  entering  with  carriage,  hack,  buggy,  or  on  horseback,  free  from  charge 
on  vehicle  or  animal. 

No  omnibus,  carriage,  hack,  or  buggy  running  for  hire,  can  enter  the  grounds,  but  shall 
discharge  and  receive  passengers  at  the  footman's  gate. 

The  stalls  upon  the  grounds  are  free  for  the  stock  to  be  exhibited,  on  the  day  such  stock  is 
to  be  exhibited. 

PREMIUMS  AWARDED  AT  THE   UNION  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL 
ASSOCIATION  OF  MASON  AND  BRACKEN  COUNTIES,  FOR  1857. 


Plow,  S.  Yearsley,  of  Ohio,  premium. 

Cultivator,  H.  Patterson,  premium. 

Cutting  Box,  Wm.  Piercy,  premium. 

Two  horse  Carriage,  G.  L   Reese  &  Co.,  Augusta,  premium. 

One  horse  Buggy,  G.  L.  Reese  &  Co.,  Augusta,  premium. 

Four  or  six  horse  Wagon,  John  McNutt,  premium. 

Two  horse  Wagon,  Jos.  S.  Fronk,  premium. 

Lady's  Saddle,  John  A.  Black,  premium. 


524  REPORT  OF  THE 


Pork  Barrel,  H.  C.  Sellers,  premium. 

Flour  Barrel,  H.  C.  Sellers,  premium. 

Gents  Kine  Boots,  Miner  &  Larew,  premium. 

Gents  Kip  Boots,  Miner  &  Larew,  premium. 

Ladies  Slippers,  Mrs.  Dr.  W.  H.  Russell,  premium. 

Overcoat,  B.  F.  Walker,  premium. 

Frock  or  Dress  Coat,  H.  Murphy,  premium. 

Pair  Pants,  B.  F.  Walker,  premium. 

Vest,  Mrs.  R.  Lloyd,  premium. 

Shirt,  Mrs.  Saml.  Firman,  premium. 

PRODUCTS    OF    THE    SOIL. 

One  hundred  pounds  Water-rotted  Hemp,  E.  L.  Gault,  premium. 

One  hundred  pounds  Dew  rotted  Hemp,  E.  L.  Gault,  premium. 

Sample  of  Wheat,  John  E.  French,  premium. 

Sample  of  Rve,  N.  Taliaferro,  premium. 

Sample  of  Oats,  J.  C.  Savage,  premium. 

Sample  of  Corn  in  the  ear,  L.  J    and  J.  T.  Bradford,  premium. 

Sample  of  Sweet  Potatoes,  A.  Soward,  premium. 

Sample  of  Irish  Potatoes,  E.  Williams,  premium. 

Lot  of  Garden  Vegetables,  A.  Soward,  premium. 

FRUITS. 

Winter  Apples,  C.  A.  Lyon,  premium. 
Summer  and  Fall  Apples,  C.  A.  Lyon,  premium. 
Pears,  John  Fee,  premium. 
Peaches,  A.  H.  Pollock,  premium. 
Plums,  L.  B.  Wells,  premium. 
Grapes,  A.  Soward,  premium. 
Domestic  Wine,  Mrs.  Johu  Mannen,  premium. 
Butter,  Mrs.  Benj.  Kirk,  premium. 
Cheese,  Mrs.  Root.  Power,  premium. 
Preserves,  Mrs.  Benj.  Kirk,  premium. 
Hermertically  Sealed  Fruits,  Mrs.  Saml.  Firman,  premium. 

DOMESTIC  MANUFACTURES. 

Jeans,  Mrs.  Lydia  Runyon,  premium. 

Flannel,  Mrs.  Charles  Gordon,  premium. 

White  Linsey,  Mrs.  George  Straube,  premium. 

Wool  Carpet,  Mrs.  Mary  McCoy,  premium. 

Rag  Carpet,  Mrs.  F.  R.  Perrie,  premium. 

Flax  Linen,  Mrs.  V.  Hamilton,  premium. 

Table  Cloth.  Mrs   Mary  Cushman,  premium. 

One  dozen  Yarn,  Mrs.  T.  Owens,  premium. 

Pair  Wool  Socks,  Mrs.  John  Osborne,  premium. 

Pair  Wool  Stockings,  Miss  Caroline  Kelsey,  premium. 

Pair  Silk  Stockings,  Miss  Caroline  Kelsey,  premium. 

Hearth  Rug,  home  made,  Miss  McCoy,  premium. 

Silk  Quilt,  Miss  Mary  Jane  Brooks,  premium. 

Worsted  Quilt,  Mrs   Chas   Osborne,  premium. 

Couuterpane,  Eliz.  Jennings,  premium. 

White  Cotton  Quilt,  Mrs.  J.  B.  Ryan,  premium. 

Patch  work  Quilt,  Miss  McCoy,  premium. 

Pair  of  Blankets,  Mrs.  Robt.  Power,  premium. 

Ornamental  Bed  Spread,  Mrs.  B.  D.  Owens,  premium. 

Patch  work  Quilt  by  Misses,  Miss  Laura  Clay,  Jefferson,  premium. 

Silk  or  Velvet  Bonnet,  Mrs.  Andrew  Wells,  premium. 

Lady's  Cloak,  Mrs.  George  Straube,  premium. 

Ottoman,  S.  T.  Firman,  premium. 

Chair  Cover,  Mrs.  R.  J.  Hughey,  premium. 

Linen  Worked  Cape,  Miss  McCoy,  premium. 

Linen  Worked  Collar,  Mrs.  F.  T.  Hord,  premium. 

Best  Painting  in  Oil,  Miss  Annie  E.  Kirk,  premium. 

Best  Painting  in  Water  Colors,  Miss  Annie  E.  Kirk,  premium. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Three  Hams,  Richard  Lloyd,  premium. 
Pickles,  Mrs.  John  Curtiss,  premium. 
Lard,  Mrs.  Sarah  Proctor,  premium. 


STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  525 

POULTRY. 

Black  Shanghai  Chickens,  Milton  Culbertson,  premium. 
Bramah  Chickens,  H.  Patterson,  premium. 
Geese,  Anthony  Killgore,  premium. 

DRAFT    H0RSE3. 

Aged  Stallion,  four  entries,  Chas.  Gordon,  Mason,  first  premium;  Ben.  Kirk,  Mason,  second 
premium. 

Two  year  old  Stallions,  two  entries,  Chas.  Day,  Bracken,  first  premium;  Darius  Williams, 
Bracken,  second  premium. 

Sucking  Stallion,  four  entries,  Osgood  Burgess,  Mason,  first  premium;  John  C.  Arthur,  Ma- 
son, second  premium. 

Aged  Mares,  fourteen  entries,  John  W.Kimbro,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Anthony  Killgore, 
Mason,  second  premium. 

Two  year  old  Marcs,  J.  C  Savage,  Mason,  premium. 

Sucking  Mare  Colts,  two  entries,  Chas.  Gordon,  Mason,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Amanda  Per- 
rine,  Bracken,  second  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKE  FOR    DRAUGHT  STOCK. 

Stallion,  five  entries,  Chas.  Gordon,  premium. 
Mare,  three  entries,  Anthony  Killgore,  premium. 

GELDINGS  AND  MARES. 

Two  year  old  Gelding  for  Harness  or  Saddle,  three  entries,  Jas  S.  Pepper,  Mason,  first  pre- 
mium; Jesse  Jefferson,  Mason,  second  premium. 

One  year  old  Gelding,  Chas.  Osborne,  Mason,  premium. 

Three  year  old  Draft  Gelding,  three  entries,  J.  L.  Henderson,  Covington,  Ky.,  premium. 

Mare  in  Single  Harness,  John  W.  Wallace,  first  premium;  Therraan  Pollock,  Bracken, 
second  premium. 

Saddle  Mare,  S.  T.  Forman,  Mason,  premium. 

SHEEP  FOR  MIDDLE  GRADES  OF  WOOL. 

There  were  four  premiums  awarded  to  Henry  Smoot  of  Mason,  and  for  Coarse  Wool  one 
premium  awarded  to  J.  A.  Slack,  of  Mason. 

SWINE. 

One  year  old  Boar,  G.  W.  Tolleman,  Bracken,  premium. 
Sucking  Boar,  Wm.  Winter,  Bracken,  premium. 
One  year  old  Sow,  Wm.  Winter,  Bracken,  premium. 
Sucking  Sow,  Wm,  Winter,  B;acken,  premium. 

CATTLE,  FOR  BEEF  OR  MILK. 

Aged  Bulls,  three  entries,  Dr.  J.  F.  McMillan,  Nicholas,  first  premium;  A.  Soward,  Bracken, 
second  premium. 

Two  year  old  Bulls,  three  entries,  Henry  Smoot,  Mason,  first  premium;  Robt.  Pogue,  Mason,, 
second  premium. 

One  year  old  Bulls,  Ben.  Jamieson,  Mason,  premium. 

Sucking  Bulls,  J.  F.  McMillan,  Nicholas,  first  premium;  John  M.  Walton,  Bracken,  second 
premium. 

Aged  Cows,  ten  entries,  John  M.  Walton,  Bracken,  first  premium,  E.  T.  Currins,  Mason, 
second  premium. 

Two  year  old  Cow,  two  entries,  Jesse  Jefferson,  Mason,  first  premium;  John  M.  Walton, 
Bracken,  second  premium. 

One  year  old  Cows,  Pogue  &  Chancellor,  first  premium;  A.  H.  Wall,  Mason,  second  pre- 
mium. 

Sucking  Heifer  Calf,  eight  entries,  Mason  and  Bracken  Importing  Company,  first  preminm; 
John  M.  Walton,  Bracken,  second  premium. 

FAT    CATTLE. 

Three  year  old  Bullock,  three  entries,  Wm.  Chancellor,  Mason,  first  premium;  John  C.  Ar- 
thur, Mason,  second  premium. 

Two  year  old  Bullock,  Wm.  Chancellor,  first  premium;  Ben.  Kirk,  Mason,  second  premium. 

Aged  Fat  Cow,  Wm.  Chancellor,  Mason,  first  premium;  Robt.  Pogue,  Mason,  second  pre- 
mium. 

WORK  OXEN. 

Six  entries,  John  Chandler,  Mason,  first  premium,    HeDry  Smoot,  Mason,  second  premium. 
Milk  Cow,  two  entries,  Alfred  Chancellor,  Ma9on,  first  premium;  B.  D.  Owens,  Mason,  se- 
cond premium. 

CATTLE    SWEEPSTAKE. 

Bull,  six  entries,  J.  F.  McMillan,  Nicholas,  premium. 

Cows,  ten  entries,  premium  to  Mason  &  Bracken  Importing  Company's  "Lady  Macbeth." 


526  REPORT  OF  THE 

THIRD  DAY. 

FINE  HORSES. 

Aged  Stallions,  thirteen  entries,  "Young  Priam,"  owned  by  V.  Tabb,  Mason,  first  premium; 
"Bellair,"  owned  by  Andrew  Wilson,  Bourbon,  second  premium. 

Stallions,  two  years  old,  seven  entries,  E.  W.  Besc,  Mason,  first  premium;  William  Knight, 
Bourbon,  second  premium. 

Stallions,  one  year  old,  ten  entries,  Wash.  Redmon  &  Co.,  Bourbon,  first  premium;  William 
Wright,  Bourbon,  second  premium. 

Suckino-  Stallion,  sixteen  entries,  William  Turney,  Bourbon,  first  premium;  Laban  Letton, 
Bourbon,  second  premium. 

ACTed  Mares,  ten  entries,  J.  K.  Hildreth,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Abner  Best,  Mason,  se- 
cond  premium. 

Mares,  two  years  old,  four  entries,  J.  L.  Arnold,  Nicholas,  first  premium;  Mrs.  Martha 
Smith,  Mason,  second  premium. 

Mares,  one  year  old,  tour  entries,  M.  J.  Rankin,  Harrison,  first  premium;  Wash.  Redmon 
&  Co.,  Bourbon,  second  premium. 

Suckino-  Mare  Colts,  ten  entries,  R.  L.  Runyon,  Mason,  first  premium;  F.  Pollock,  Brack- 
en, second  premium. 

HARNESS   HORSES. 

Pair  Matched  Horses,  six  entries,  Marcus  Finch,  Covington,  first  premium;  Laban  Letton, 
Bourbon,  second  premium. 

SinMe  Harness,  six  entries,  E.  E.  Pearce,  Fleming,  first  premium;  R.  A.  Strouve,  Bracken, 
second  premium. 

Stallion,  tor  Single  Harness,  T.  W.  Lewis,  Bourbon,  first  premium;  F.  H.  Belt,  Fleming, 
second  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKE    EOR    FINE    HORSES. 

Stallions,  twenty  entries,  Wash.  Redmon  &  Co.,  Bourbon,  p.-emium. 
Mares,  eight  entries,  M.  J.  Rankin,  Harrison,  premium. 

JAGKS. 

Aged  Jacks,  J.  L.  Arnold,  first  premium;  Elias  Hord,  second  premium. 

Jacks,  two  years  old,  G.  VV    Wells,  Mason,  first  premium;  H.  M.  Dobyns,  second  premium. 

Jacks,  one  year  old,  Franklin  Latham,  Mason,  first  premium. 

Aged  Jennet,  Killgore  &  Wood,  Mason,  premium. 

Jennets,  one  year  old,  R.  J.  Killgore,  New  Jersey,  premium. 

Sucking  Jennets,  G.  W.  Welis,  Mason,  premium. 

SWEEPSTAKES    FOR   JACKS. 

Best  Jack,  Elias  Hord,  Mason,  premium. 
Best  Jennet,  G.  W.  Wells,  Mason,  premium. 

MULES. 

Horse  Mules,  one  year  old,  Geo.  S.  Worthington,  premium. 

Mare  Mules,  two  year3  old,  Thos.  Matthews,  Mason,  first  premium;  F.  M.  Mclntyre,  second 
premium. 

Mare  Mule,  one  year  old,  J.  H.  Miller,  Bourbon,  first  premium;  C.  A.  Marshall,  Mason, 
second  premium. 

Sucking  Mare  Mule,  C.  A.  Marshall,  Mason,  first  premium;  C.  M  Gibbons,  Bracken,  se 
cond  premium. 

Pair  Matched  Mules,  F.  M.  Mclntyre,  Mason,  premium. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Best  Gelding  for  saddle,  E.  E.  Pearce,  Fleming,  first  premium;  P.  A.  Cushman,  Ma30D, 
second  premium. 

Stallion  for  saddle,  J.  H.  Talbott,  first  premium;  John  Griffith,  second  premium. 

EQUESTRIANS. 

(By  Boys  under  fourteen  years  old.) 
First  premium  awarded  to  Cassius  Henderson,  of  Covington,  and  second   premium  to  John 
Griffith,  of  Bourbon. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  527 

WARREN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION. 

Bowlinggreen,  Nov.  27,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  K  S.  A   Society: 

Dear  Sir: — Yours  of  24th  instant,  to   Secretary   Derrick,  is  received  and  contents 
duly  noted.     I  enclose  list  of  premiums  awarded  at  our  last  Fair. 

In  1854  we  had  a  Fair,  without  a  regular  organization,  which  was  rather  slimly  attended. 
In  1855  some  thirty  or  forty  of  our  citizens  organized  a  Fair  Ground  Association,  purchased 
twelve  acres  of  ground,  enclosed  itand  fitted  up  an  amphitheatre  two  hundred  feet  in  diameter, 
with  seats  for  five  or  six  thousand  persons.  An  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  was 
formed  of  some  two  hundred  members,  to  exist  for  five  years,  composed  mainly  of  citizens 
south  of  Barren  river.  Had  a  good  display  of  stock,  products,  &c,  &c  In  1856  the  Associ- 
ation increased  to  two  hundred  and  twenty  five  members;  we  had  a  better  exhibition  general- 
ly, and  it  was  more  numerousty  attended.  In  1857  reduced  price  of  membership  to  $2  50  in 
hopes  of  increasing  the  membership.  Our  last  fair  (1857)  was  an  improvement  upon  the  oth- 
ers in  nearly  every  respect,  except  in  numbers  attending — the  weather  operating  very  much  to 
its  prejudice.  Stock  was  in  better  condition,  and  everything  evidenced  the  improvement  in 
handling  and  fitting  it  for  exhibition. 

I  regret  my  lack  of  time  and  ability  to  give  you  a  full  aecount  of  our  Association. 

Yours,  respectfully,  Til  0.  C.  CALVERT,  Treasurer. 

OFFICERS    OF   THE    ASSOCIATION. 

Woodford  Dulaney,  President;  N.  S.  Strange  and  R.  Curd,  Vice  Presidents;  F.  C.  Herrick, 
Secretary;  Thos.  C.  Calvert,  Treasuier;  G.  W-  Claypool,  Lewis  Potter,  Peyton  Cook,  J.  D. 
Duncan,  Miles  Kelley,  A.  Covington,  J.  Y.  Younglove,  Directors;  W.  E.  Duncan,  Marshal. 

PREMIUM  LIST  OF  THE  WARREN  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHAN- 
ICAL ASSOCIATION. 

FIRST  DAY. 

DOMESTIC     MANUFACTURES. 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  mixed, 6  00 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  brown, 5  00 

Fine  Jeans,  ten  yards,  coarse,     - 3  00 

White  Linsey,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Linsey,  striped  or  plaid  ten  yards,       - 3  00 

White  Klannel,  all  wool,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Wool  Carpet,  twenty  yards, 8  00 

Rtg  Carpet,  ten  yards, 4  00 

Pair  Bed  Blankets,  all  wool,         -         -         -         - 6  00 

Pair  Bed  Blankets,  cotton  warp, 4  00 

Woolen  Coverlet, 4  00 

Woolen  Vest  Pattern, 2  00 

Woolen  Hose, 2  00 

Cotton  Hose, 2  00 

Woolen  half  Hose, 1  00 

Cotton  half  Hose, 1  00 

Same  of  either  by  girl  under  12  years  of  age, sil.thim. 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,     -         - 2  00 

Linen  Shirt,  unstarched,  by  a  girl, 100 

Fancy  Silk  Bonnet, 4  00 

White  counterpane, 4  00 

Table  Linen, 2  00 

Quilt,  cotton,  not  patchwork, 8  00 

Q'.ilt,  cotton,  patch  work, 8  00 

Quilt,  worsted,  patch  work, 8  00 

Quilt,  silk,  patch  work, 8  00 

Hearth    Rug, 2  50 

Flax  Linen,  ten  yards, 3  00 

Cotton  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Tow  Linen,  ten  yards, 2  00 

Pound  Flax  Thread, ail.  thim. 


528  REPORT  OF  THE 

Judges— John  Morton,  Franklin;  J.  W.  Fleeter,  Scottville;  Thos.  G.  Moss,  Glasgow;  Henry 
Roberts,  Russellville,  L.  Swearingen,  Franklin;  G.  M.  Proctor,  Three  Forks;  C.  B.  Donald- 
son and  J.  VV.  Calvert. 

PANTRY    AND    DAIRY. 

Five  pounds  Butter, • 3  00 

Loaf  Bread,         -                                             1  00 

Two  Hams,  Tone  boiled  or  baked,) -  2  50 

Five  pounds  Honey, 2  00 

Jar  Pickles,         - 1  00 

Preserved  Fruit  in  Cans, -  2  00 

Barrel  Flour, 5  00 

Ten  pounds  Maple  Sugar, 1  00 

Judges — L.  J.  Procter,  Mammoth  Cave;  Wilson  Ritter,  Barren;  J.  C.  Mulligan,  Allen;  F. 
S.  Allison,  Logan;  A.  Buckner,  J.  D.  Allen,  S.  S.  Jones,  F.  E.  Goodsell. 

FRUITS. 

Bushel  of  Apples, 2  50 

Ten  pounds  Grapes, 2  00 

Gallon  Native  Wine, 1  00 

Display  of  Fruits  of  all  kinds, 5  00 

VEGETABLES. 

Bushel  Irish  Potatoes, 2  00 

Bushel  Sweet  Potatoes, 2  00 

Six  bunches  Cellery,  ------- 1  00 

Peck  Turnips  for  table  use,         ... 1  00 

Peck  Beets, 1  00 

Peck  Parsnips, 1  00 

Peck  Onions, 1  00 

Peck  Tomatoes, 100 

Six  head  of  Cabbage, - 1  00 

Judges — Z.  R.  Huggins,  Barren;  R.  D.  Salmons,  Franklin;  Jno.  D.  Courts,  James  Ford,  W. 
M.  Housley,  J.  I.  Younglove,  J.  S.  Campbell,  Dr.  A.  Covington. 

FARM    PRODUCTS. 

Bushel  Wheat                                         -        • 2  00 

Bushel  Oats, 2  00 

Bushel  Rye, 2  00 

Bushel  Bread  Corn,  half  shelled, 2  00 

Bushel  Stock  Corn,  half  shelled, 2  00 

Bushel  Clover  Seed,  raised  in  Warren,      - 5  00 

Bushel  Timoth  Seed,           .....'. 2  00 

Bushel  Orchard  Grass  Seed, 2  00 

Bushel  Blue  Grass  Seed,              2  00 

Display  of  Pumpkins, 1   00 

Five  pounds  Tobacco,  shipping, 5  00 

Five  pounds  Tobacco,  .stemming, -----  5  00 

Judges — N.  Hampton,  Simpson:  Uriah  Porter,  Allen;  George  D.  Biakey,  T.  L.  S.  Proctor, 
Logan;  T.  D.  Carson,  Butler;  George  Anthony,  Allen;  W.  B.  Rogers,  B.irren;  E.  M.  Cov- 
ington, R.  H.  Webb,  A.  C.  Dickerson,  William  Brown,  Jr.,  Henry  Potter,  and  W.  T.  Fant. 

SECOND  DAY. 

MECHANICAL. 

Carriage,             5  00 

Buggy, 5  00 

Set  Double  Harness, -         -         -         -  5  00 

Set  Single  Harness, 5  00 

Set  Wagon   Harness, 5  00 

Man's  Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Side  Saddle  and  Bridle, 5  00 

Four  Horse  Wacon, 10  00 

Two  Horse  Wagon, 8  00 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  sod, 5  00 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  stubble, -         -         -         -         -  5  00 

Two  Horse  Plow  for  sub-soil,              -  5  00 

One  Horse  Plow, 2  50 

Horse  Cart, 2  50 

Wheat  Fan, 3  00 

Straw  Cutter,      -         -         -         ...         .         . 2  00 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 


529 


Corn  Sheller, 2  00 

Harrow, -  1  00 

Grain  Cradle,              2  00 

Hay  Rake, 2  00 

Ox  Yoke, 1  00 

Judges— R.    L.  Douthat,    Simpson;  John  D.  Courts,   Barren;  B.  Swearingen,  Simpson;  W. 
T.  Herndon,  A.  Loving,  J.D.  Allen,  and  Samuel  Murrell. 

Side  Sole  Leatber, -  ,  2  00 

Side  Upper, £00 

Side  Harness,               .-..---------  11  00 

Side  Skirting,              2  00 

Pair  Men's  Boots, 3  00 

Pair  Men's  Shoes, 2  00 

Pair  Lady's  Boots, 2  00 

Pair  Lad'v's  Shoes,               1  50 

Pair  Child's  Shoes,              1  00 

Pair  Coarse  Boots, 3  00 

Pair  Coarse  Shoes, 1  00 

Judges— S.  B.  Follis,  Allen;  G.  S.  Vick,  Logan;  W,  B.  Morris,  J.  E.  Robinson,  S.  J.  Hall, 
P.  Thomas. 

Suit  Clothes,              10  00 

Silk  or  Fur  Hat, 3  00 

Wool  Hat, 1  00 

Judges — John  Loving,  L.  A.  Graham,  and  J.  H.   McGoodwin. 

Wardrobe, 3  00 

Dressing  Bureau, 3  00 

Set  Split  Bottom  Chairs,              3  00 

Pork  Barrel, 2  00 

Flour   Barrel, 1  00 

Half  Dozen  Brooms, 1  00 

Half  Dozen  Split  Baskets, 1  00 

House  Joiner's  Work, 5  00 

Judges— W.    E.  Graham,  W.   C.  Valentine,  R.  Fioyd,  D.  B.  Campbell,  W.  H.  Payne,  W. 
C.  Perry,  J.  E.  Browning. 

CATTLE. 

Bull,  three  years  old  and  upwards,               -         -         -  10  00 

Bull,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 8  00 

Bull,  one  year  old  and  under  two, -  6  00 

Bull,  under  one  year  old,             ...........  500 

Milch  Cow,  three  years  old  and  under  four, -  10  00 

Milch  Cow,  two  years  and  under  three,       ---------  8  00 

Milch  Cow,  one  year  and  under  two,  - 6  00 

Heifer,  under  one  year  old,         .-...-                  .                           -  5  00 

Yoke  of  Oxen, 10  00 

Fat  Bullock,  Cow  or  Heifer, 8  00 

Judges — George  T.  Wood,  Hart;  Wm.  Newman,  Edmondson;  John  T.  Rogers,  Barren;  W. 
H.  Wooten,  Simpson;  Wm.  Flood;  Til.  Offutt,  Logan;  Tyler  Adams;  H.  T.  Arnold. 

SHEEP. 

Buck,  Long  Wool. 5  00 

Ewe,  Long  Wool, 5  00 

Pair  of  Lambs,  Long  Wool, 5  00 

Buck,  Middle  Wool, 5  00 

Ewe,  Middle  Wool,                      5  00 

Pair  of  Lambs,  Middle  Wool,             5  00 

Buck,  Fine  Wool, 5  00 

Ewe,  Fine  Wool,                 5  00 

Pair  of  Lambs,  Fine  Wool, 5  00 

Judges— Y,.  B.  Crane;  John  Clayton,  Barren;  Jos.  Offutt,  Logan;  W.  K.  Smith;  A.C.Dick 
erson;  E.  M.  Covington. 

HOGS. 

Boar, 10  00 

Sow, 10  00 

Pair  of  Pigs,  under  six  months  old, -        -        -        -  10  00 

Five  Fat  Hugs, 5  00 

Judges—  H.  L.  Gillum,  Logan;  D.  D.  Turner,   Simpson;  John    R.  Hill;  B.  C.   Smith;  E. 
Claypool;  James  Ford. 

34 


530  REPORT  OF  THE 

JACKS,  JENNETS  AND  MULES. 

Jack  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three, lfl  00 

Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two, -         -  10  00 

Jack  under  one  year  old,    -----------  5  00 

Jennet  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Jennet  two  year  old  and  under  three,          -                  10  00 

Jennet  one  year  old  and  under  two,  -10('0 

Jennet  under  one  year  old,  ----.-....-500 

Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards,         -    .    -         -                  10  00 

Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two, 10  00 

Mule  of  any  age,         -         -         - ■         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Judges — Wm.  Barnett;  G.  P.  Ewing,  Logan;  Saml.  Hatfield,  Simpson;  Luther  Porter,  Al- 
len; John  Buntin,  Tennessee;  Moses  Hess;  B.  H.  Covington;  Jerry  A.  Robinson;  Joel  More- 
head. 

THIRD  DAY. 

BLOODED    HORSES. 

Stallion,  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,           - ^  8  00 

Stallion,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Mare,  three  years  old  and  upwards,     ----- 10  00 

Mare,  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Mare,  one  year  old  and  under  two,     .-•-.. 8  00 

Mare,  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

(Certificate  and  Pedigree  required.) 

Judges— George  Elliott,  Tennessee;  Dr.  Joel  Owsley,  Cumberland;  E.  Bacon,  Christian; 
John  H.  Wood;  G.  P.  Ewing,  Logan;  John  Burton,  Allen;  John  Matthews,  Barren;  Edmund 
Duncan,  Sr.;  G.  Chapman. 

DRAFT    HORSES. 

Stallion  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three,       - 10  00 

Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two,            -         -         - 8  00 

Stallion  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Mare  three  years  old  and  upwards,               •         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,            -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Mare  under  one  year  old,              5  00 

Judges  —  Dr.  N.  Conn,  Jos.  OfFnt,  Dr.  B.  F.  Ray,  Logan;  J.  B.  Hagcrman,  Jos.  Covington,  P. 
J.  Potter,  F.  W.  Jackson,  T.  B.  Gossom. 

SADDLE    HORSES. 

Stallion  three  years  old  and  upwards, -         -         -  10  00 

Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three, 10  00 

Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two,          ---------  8  00 

Stallion  under  one  year  old, 5  00 

Saddle  Gelding, 10  00 

Second  best  Saddle  Gelding,                 ....                   .                            -         -  8  00 

Judges — Dr.  A.  C.  Frank  I'm,  Tennessee;  Moses  Hilliard,  Green;  T.  B.  Harrison,  Logan-, 
Allen  Matthews,  Barren;  B.  M.  Wilkerson,  Simpson;  D.  Stovall,  Allen;  11.  Garnet,  ri.  J. 
Hall,  Geo.  Wright. 

HARNESS    HORSES. 

Stallion  three  years  old  and  upwards, 10  00 

Stallion  two  years  old  and  under  three,       -.......-  10  00 

Stallion  one  year  old  and  under  two, ...  8  CO 

Stallion  under  one  year  old, -  5(0 

Mare  three  years  old  and  upwards,     ----------  10  00 

Mare  two  years  old  and  under  three,           -         - 10  00 

Mare  one  year  old  and  under  two, 8  00 

Mare  under  one  year  old,             -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -         --         -  5  10 

Pair  Geldings  or  Mares  in  Harness,             -         -         -         -         -         -         -         -  10  00 

Single  Gelding  Or  Mare  in  Harness, 10  00 

Judges — B   M.  Wilkerson.  Simpson;  Jno.  II.  MeMillen,  Monroe;  Saml.  Robinson,  Green; 

Dr.  S.  P   Taylor,  Col.  J.  S.  Barlow,  John  T.  G.issaway,  Barren;  T.  B.  Harrison,  Geo.  Morton, 
Logan;  W.  R.  Coviugton,  E.  C.  Smith,  S.  W.  Brents,  W.  E.  Duncan. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  531 

RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  FOR  THE  FAIR  OF  1857. 

The  exhibition  will  commence  each  day  at  8}-^  o'clock,  A.  M.,  by  which  time,  to  avoid  de- 
lay and  confusion,  all  entries  must  be  made. 

Entries  for  the  first  day's  exhibition  may  be  made  for  two  days  previous  to  the  Fair.  En- 
tries for  subsequent  days  should  be  made  each  evening  after  the  exhibition  closes,  by  the  Sec- 
retary on  the  grounds  or  at  his  office  in  town,  where  the  books  will  be  kept  open  until  10  o'- 
clock at  night. 

It  is  highly  important  that  all  entries  should  be  made  at  the  office  in  town  the  day  previous  to 
the  exhibition,  as  the  time  for  positively  closing  the  books  (B)^  o'clock")  will  allow  no  time  for 
making  entries  in  the  morning  on  the  Fair  Grounds. 

The  Judges  are  requested  to  report  themselves  to  the  President  at  his  office  on  the  day  on 
which  they  are  to  act. 

Persons  not  members  of  the  Association  will  be  charged  for  competing  for  Premiums  aa 
follows: 

For  a  premium  of  $5  or  less, $2  00 

For  a  premium  of  $5  or  over, 5  00 

Members  of  the  Association  are  not  permitted  to  compete  for  a  premium  with  an  article  of 
which  they  are  not  the  real  owners,  without  payment  of  the  regular  charge  for  entry. 

All  manufactured  articles  for  exhibition  must  be  home  made. 

All  stock,  and  every  article  offered  for  exhibition,  shall  be  under  the  control  of  the  Marshal. 

No  animal  will  be  allowed  to  compete  for  more  than  one  premium  ;  t  the  same  Fair. 

No  Stallion,  Mare,  Bull,  Jack,  or  Jennet  four  years  old,  shall  be  permitted  to  compete  for  a 
premium  unless  it  has  proven  itself  a  breeder. 

All  farming  utensils  must  be  exhibited  by  the  makers  only. 

No  person  shall  be  allowed  to  enter  the  ring  where  the  stock  and  other  articles  are  placed  on 
exhibition,  except  the  Judges,  President,  Vice  Presidents,  Directors,  Marshals,  and  Secretary, 

No  premium  shall  be  awarded  where  but  one  article  or  animal  is  exhibited,  unless  the  Judg- 
es shall  decide  that  such  article  or  animal  is  worthy  of  a  premium. 

Marks  of  any  kind,  or  other  indications  of  ownership,  are  to  be  rigidly  excluded  from  all 
articles  competing  for  premiums. 

Sales  at  auction,  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  may  desire  to  dispose  of  stock,  or  other 
articles,  will  be  made  on  Saturday,  the  3d  of  October,  on  the  grounds.  Those  desiring  the 
services  of  an  auctioneer,  will  please  give  notice  at  the  Secretary's  office. 

All  Premiums  amounting  to  five  dollars  and  upwards,  to  be  paid  in  plate— all  under  that 
eum  to  be  paid  in  gold  coin  or  plate. 

PREMIUMS    AWARDED    AT   THE   WARREN    COUNTY    AGRICULTURAL   AND 
MECHANICAL  ASSOCIATION,  FOR  1857. 

FIRST  DAY. 

Fine  mixed  Jeans,  Mrs.  J.  D.  Duncan,  Warren,  premium. 
Fine  brown  Jeans,  Mrs.  Isaac  Smith,  Barren,  premium. 
Coarse  Jeans,  Mis.  Isaac  Smith,  Barren,  premium. 
White  Luisey.  Mrs.  L.  L.  Cooke,  Warren,  premium. 
Plaid  Linsey,  Mis    L.  L.  Cooke,  Warren,  premium. 
Flannel,  all  wool,  Mrs.  Isaac  Smith,  Barren,  premium. 
Wool  Carpet,  Mrs.  A.  C   Franklin,  Sumner  county,  Tennessee,  premium- 
Bed  Blankets,  all  wool,  Mrs.  B.  K.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 
Bed  Blankets,  cotton  warp,  Mis   E.  C    Rt-vis,  VVarren,  premium. 
Woolen  Coverlet,  Mrs.  Alfred  Simmons,  Warren,  premium. 
Wo  den  Vest  Pattern,  Mrs-  L.  L.  Cooke,  Warren,  premium, 
Wool  Hose,  Mis.  L.  L   Cooke,  VVarren,  premium. 
Cotton  Hose,  Mis.  V.  Crosihwait.,  Warren,  premium. 
Woolen  Half  Hose,  Mrs.  P.  J.  Belcher,  Butler,  premium. 
Cotton  Half  Hose,  Mis.  E    Duncan,  Jr.,  VVarren,  premium. 

Cotton  Half  Hose,  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  old,  Miss  Duncan,  Warren,  premium. 
Liueu  Shirt,  Mrs.  Agatha  Strange,  VVarren,  premium. 


532  REPORT  OF  THE 

Linen  Shirt  by  a  girl  under  twelve  years  of  age,  Miss  Belle  Potter,  premium. 

Fancy  Silk  Bonnet,  Miss  Annie  Strmge,  Warren,  premium. 

White  Counterpane,  Miss  Annie  Strange,  Warren,  premium. 

Table  Linen,  Mrs.  E.  Duncan,  Jr.,  Warren,  premium. 

White  Cotton  Quilt,  not  patchwork,  Mrs.  W.  H.  Payne,  Warren,  premium 

Cotton  Patchwork  Quilt,  Mrs.  D.  C-  Smith,  Warren,  premium. 

Worsted  Patchwork  Quilt,  Mrs.  Saml.  Stubbins,  Warren,  premium. 

Silk  Patchwork  Quilt,  Mrs.  M.  M.  Murphy,  Nelson,  premium. 

Hearth  Rug,  Mrs.  Wm   E.  Wade,  Barren,  premium. 

Butter,  Miss  C.  Buckner,  Warren,  premium. 

Loaf  Bread,  Mrs.  S-  Stubbins;  Warren,  premium. 

Boiled  Ham,  Mrs.  J.  Duncan,  Warren,  premium. 

Honey,  Jos.  McCormick,  Warren,  premium. 

Jar  Pickle,  Mrs.  L.  L   Cooke,  Warren,  premium. 

Preserved  Fruit,  Mrs.  J.  I.  Younglove,  Warren,  premium. 

Specimen  of  Grapes,  Jas.  Fora,  Warren,  premium. 

Bushel  of  Apples,  Alex.  Loving,  Warren,  premium. 

Specimen  of  Native  Wine,  Mrs.  W.  L.  Underwood,  Warren,  premium 

Bushel  of  Irish  Potatoes,  Elijah  W.  Hill,  Warren,  premium. 

Bushel  of  Sweet  Potatoes,  Wm.  E.  Duncan,  Warren,  premium. 

Turnips,  for  table  use,  A.  Loving,  Warren,  premium. 

Beets,  John  S.  Jones,  Warren,  premium. 

Onions,  J.  K,  McGoodwin,  Warren,  premium, 

Six  Head  of  Cabbage,  W.  H.  Wheeler,  Warren,  premium. 

Bushel  of  Wheat,  J.  L.  Harpool,  Warren,  premium. 

Bushel  of  Bread  Corn,  E.  Duncan,  Jr.,  Warren,  premium. 

Bushel  of  Stock  Corn,  E.  Duncan,  Jr  ,  Warren,  premium. 

Orchard  Grass  Seed,  Saml.  Stubbins,  Warren,  premium. 

Display  of  Pumpkins,  Elijah  W.  Hill,  Warren,  premium. 

Barrel  of  Flour,  John  L.  Row,  Warren,  premium. 

Suit  of  Clothes,  John  L.  Shower,  Warren,  premium. 

Fancy  Cake,  Thos.  Randolph,  Warren,  premium. 

SECOND  DAY. 

Set  Double  Harness,  Peter  Thomas,  Warren,  premium. 

Single  Harness,  R.  E.  Miles,  Louisville,  premium. 

Wagon  Harness,  Peter  Thomas,  Warren,  premium. 

Man's  Saddle  and  Bridle,  P.  Thomas,  Warren,  premium. 

Two  horse  Plow  for  stubble,  S.  W.  Sumpter,  Warren,  premium. 

Side  Sole  Leather,  D.  H.  Philips,  Warren,  premium. 

Man's  Shoes,  John  Hosking,  Warren,  premium. 

Lady's  Boots,  John  Hosking,  Warren,  premium. 

Lady's  Slippers,  John  Hosking,  Warren,  premium. 

Child's  Gaiters,  John  Hosking,  of  Warren,  premium. 

Three  year  old  Bull  and  upwards,  Wm.  Halsell,  Warren,  premium. 

One  year  old  Bull  and  upwards,  T.  L.  Burnam,  premium. 

Bull  under  one  year  old,  Dr.  A.  Covington,  premium. 

Milch  Cow  three  years  old  and  upward,  Isaac  Walton,  Warren,  premium 

Milch  Cow  two  years  old  and  under  three,  S.  A.  Barclay,  Warren,  premium 

Milch  Cow  one  year  old  and  under  two,  J.  R.  Curd,  Warren,  premium. 

Sucking  Heifer  Calf,  J.  D.  Duncan,  Warren,  premium. 

Yoke  of  Oxen,  Joseph  Covington,  Warren,  premium. 

Fatted  Bullock,  S.  Y.  Garrison,  Warren,  premium. 

Long-wool  Buck,  B.  K.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 

Long  wool  Ewe,  B.  K.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 

Middle  wool  Buck,  Isaac  Walton,  Warren,  premium 

Middle  wool  Ewe,  W.  K.  Smith,  Warren,  premium. 

Pair  Middle -wool  Lambs,  Thompson  Gossom,  Warren,  premium. 

Fine  wool  Buck,  Woodford  Dulaney,  Warren,  premium. 

Fine  wool  Ewe,  Woodford  Dulaney,  Warren,  premium. 

Aged  Boar,  Miles  Kelly,  Warren,  premium. 

Aged  Sow,  J.  R.  Curd,  Warren,  premium. 

Pair  Pigs  under  six  months  old,  J.  R.  Curd,  Warren,  premium. 

Jack  two  years  old  and  upwards,  V.  T.  Smith,  Warren,  premium. 

Jack  two  years  old  and  under  three,  James  Jackson,  Warren,  premium. 

Jack  one  year  old  and  under  two,  A.  C.  Dickerson,  Warren,  premium. 

Jack  under  one  year  old,  Miles  Kelly,  Warren,  premium. 

Jennet  three  years  old  and  upwards,  H.  B.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 

Jennet  two  years  old  and  under  three,  R.  C.  Bowling,  Logan,  premium 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  533 

Jennet  one  year  old  and  under  two,  H.  B.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 
Jennet  under  one  year  old,  H.  B.  Tully,  Logan,  premium. 
Mule  two  years  old  and  upwards,  M.  H.  Maupin,  Barren,  premium. 
Mule  one  year  old  and  under  two,  W.  G.  Roberson,  Warren,  premium. 
Sacking  Mule  under  one  year  old,  W.  G.  Roberson,  Warren,  premium. 
Mule  of  any  age,  John  H.  Page,  Allen,  premium. 

THIRD  DAY. 
Sucking  Mare  Colt,  harness,  Woodford  Dulaney,  Warren,  premium. 
Saddle  Stallion,  two  ypars  old,  Joseph  Potter,  Warren,  premium. 
Staddie   Stallion,  one  year  old  and  under  two,  P.  W.  Drake,  Warren,  premium, 
rltrness  Stallion,  one  year  old,  Thomas  Potter,  Warren,  premium. 
Aged  Saddle  Stallion,  William  K-  Smith,  Warren,  premium. 
Saddle  Filly,  one  year  old,  Charles  Asher,  Warren,  premium. 
Harness  Filly,  one  year  old,  J.  F.  Ewing,  Warren,  premium. 
Aged  Saddle  Mare,  John  Page,  Allen,  premium. 
Sucking  Colt,  John  Page,  Allen,  premium. 
Aged  Blooded  Stallion,  S.  P.  Taylor,  Barren,  premium. 
Blooded  Stallion,  one  year  old,  S.  P.  Taylor,  Barren,  premium. 
Harness  Stallion,  two  years  old,  Jacob  Yost,  Logan,  premium. 
Sucking  Blooded  Stallion,  Allen  Matins,  Barren,  premium. 
Blooded  Filly,  one  year  old,  Allen  Mathis,  Barren,  premium. 
Pair  Harness  Geldings  in  Harness,   W.  G.  Roberson,  Warren,  premium. 
Single  Gelding  in  Harness,  Wm.  G.    Roberson,  Warren,  premium. 
Saddle  Gelding  of  any  age,  W.  G.   Roberson,  Warren,  premium. 
Harness  Mare,  three  years  old.  Alex.  Graham,  Warren,  premium. 
Aged  Mare,  Blooded  Stock,  R.  W.  Ogden,  Warren,  premium. 
Sucking  Filly,  Blooded  Stock,  R.  W.  Ogden,  Warren,  premium. 
Aged  Mare,  Draft  Stock,  Isaac  Covington,  Warren,  premium. 
Saddle  Filly,  two  years  old,  Morris  Taylor,  Barren,  premium. 
Draft  Filly,  two  years  old,  John  Barks,  Barren,  premium. 
Harness  Filly,  two  years  old,  John  Ronald,  Warren,  premium. 
Saddle  Gelding  of  any  age,  E.  W.  Burr,  Logan,  second  premium. 
Aged   Harness  Stallion,  J.  C.  McFerran,  Warren,  premium. 
Aged  Draft  Stallion,  Slaughter  J.  Hall,  Warren,  premium. 
Sucking  Colt,  Harness  Stock,  Slaughter  J.   Hall,  Warren,  premium. 
Colt,  one  year  old,  Saddle  Stock,  W.  H.  Wheeler,  Warren,  premium. 

From  the  Bowlinggreen  Gazette,  of  October  7,  1357- 
THE  WARREN  COUNTY  FAIR. 

The  Fourth  Annual  Fair  of  the  Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association 
commenced  last  Wednesday  and  continued  until  Friday  evening. 

The  first  day  was  devoted  to  the  exhibition  of  articles  of  Domestic  Manufacture,  Dairy 
and  Pantry,  Fruits,  Vegetables,  and  Farm  Products.  The  number  of  entries  for  this  day  ex- 
ceeded that  of  last  year,  there  being  one  hundred  and  seventy  seven  last  year,  and  one  hun- 
dred and  ninety  this  year.  The  number  and  quality  of  the  articles  of  Domestic  Manufacture 
were  alike  creditable  to  the  skill  and  enterprise  of  the  ladies.  We  never  saw  a  greater  va- 
riety of  more  elegantly  designed  and  artistically  and  tastefully  wrought  Quilts,  Needle-work, 
&c,  than  were  shown  on  Wednesday  last  at  the  Fair  Grounds.  But  as  business  engage- 
ments prevented  us  from  remaining  to  see  the  entire  day's  exhibition,  we  cannot  give  as  de 
tailed  an  account  as  we  would  desire  of  the  articles  prepared  by  the  fairy  fingers  of  the  la- 
dies. 

The  Dairy  and  Pantry,  next  in  order,  came  in  for  their  share  of  the  honors,  and  presented 
some  specimens  of  excellent  butter,  pickles,  honey,  preserved  fruits,  &c.  There  was,  also,  a 
creditable  display  of  fruits,  vegetables,  and  farm  products.  Indeed,  throughout  every  depart- 
ment, a  commendable  spirit  of  emulation  and  rivalry  was  evinced. 

The  number  in  attendance  was  as  large  as  that  of  the  corresponding  day  of  last  year,  and 
was  composed  of  peaceable  and  orderly  spectators. 

On  the  second  day  were  exhibited  the  products  of  the  Mechanic  Arts,  cattle,  sheep,  hogs, 
jacks,  jennets,  &c.  Of  these  there  were  about  as  many  entries  as  were  made  last  year,  though 
in  some  departments  the  exhibitions  were  inferior. 

The  entries  in  the  Mechanical  department  were  not  so  numerous  as  last  year,  tho'  the  arti- 
cles exhibited  were  equal,  in  point  of  design  and  skill  in  their  manufacture,  and  in  many  cases 
superior.     A  suit  of  clothes,  made  by  Mr.  John  L.  Shower,  attracted  special  attention. 

There  were  very  few  entries  of  cattle  and  sheep,  and  consequently  a  slim  show.  Of  the 
evening's  exhibition,  when  the  hogs,  jacks,  jennets,  &c.,were  shown,  we  cannot  speak,  as  we 
weretnot  in  attendance. 

The  third  day  was,  by  far,  the  most  interesting  and  exciting  to  all  classes,  and  attracted  a 
much  larger  crowd,  although  the  weather  was   inclement  and  not  at  all  favorable  to  a  general 


534  REPORT  OF  THE 

turn  out  of  the  people.  This  day  was  devoted  to  the  exhibition  of  blooded,  draft,  saddle,  and 
harness  horses  of  every  age.  There  was  a  very  slight  decrease  upon  last  year's  number  of 
entries,  though  we  think  the  stock  exhibited  were  in  much  better  condition,  more  thoroughly 
trained,  and  made,  altogether,  a  more  creditable  show.  In  many  cases  the  contest  was  long 
and  close,  and  it  was  often  difficult  to  select  the  best  two  to  wear  the  blue  and  red  ribbons. 

Of  Saddle  Horses  there  were  a  large  number  of  entries,  among  which  were  some  noble  spec- 
imens and  fleet. 

The  exhibition  of  Harness  Horses  was  interesting  and  exciting;  and  notwithstanding  the 
entries  were  not  so  numerous  as  were  made  of  saddle  stock,  there  were  shown  in  this  depart- 
ment the  finest  animals  exhibited  during  the  day. 

We  believe  the  decisions  of  the  Judges  were  genceally  satisfactory,  and  in  accordance  with 
the  merits  of  the  articles  and  stock  exhibited  in  every  deparment. 

Altogether,  our  Fair  passed  off  pleasantly,  and  those  who  attended  appeared  to  enjoy  it  to 
its  close,  when  all  were  willing  to  exchange  the  bustle  and  confusio-n  lor  the  quiet  ot  their 
homes. 


REPORTS  FROM  COUNTIES. 


To  obtain  the  Agricultural  statistics  of  each  comity  in  the  State  is  a 
fine  field  of  usefulness  for  the  State  Agricultural  Society,  especially  as 
this  information  is  not  otherwise  fulty  obtained. 

This  was  a  duty  not  contemplated  and  provided  for  in  the  charter 
of  the  Society,  yet  so  desirable  to  be  done  that  it  was  thought  best  to 
attempt  it  with  the  best  means  at  command.  For  that  purpose  the 
same  circular  and  written  letters  which  were  addressed  to  the  Presi- 
dent of  each  County  Society,  were  also  addressed  to  some  intelligent 
and  prominent  citizen  in  each  county,  requesting  him  to  give  a  report 
for  his  county,  of  the  location,  soil,  crops,  stock,  minerals  and  mineral 
wraters,  timber,  navigable  waters  and  water  power,  &c.  Where  there 
was  an  organized  Society  the  President  was  requested  to  make  the 
report  for  that  county.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  from  many  counties 
there  is  no  report,  but  more  could  not  have  been  expected  in  a  meas- 
ure so  new.  If  all  had  reported,  a  history  of  the  physical  and  Agri- 
cultural and  Mechanical  condition  of  the  State  would  have  been  pre- 
sented of  incalculable  value  in  the  business  operations  and  even  in 
the  Legislation  of  the  State. 

But  reports  have  been  received  from  seventeen  counties,  which  are 
enough  to  demonstrate  the  utility  and  importance  of  the  measure,  and 
to  secure  it  is  hoped,  fuller  reports  in  future. 

It  is  worthy  of  enquiry  if  such  a  duty  should  not  be  required  by  law 
of  the  Assessor  of  each  county,  who  could  make  it  with  but  little  ad- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  535 

ditional  labor,  and  who  could  render  it  in  each  year  in  time  to  be  in- 
serted in  the  volume  of  reports  for  the  previous  year,  or  for  the  same 
year  as  might  be  most  advisable. 

The  grateful  acknowledgments  of  the  community,  and  of  the  Ken- 
tucky State  Agricultural  Society  are  tendered  to  the  intelligent  and 
public  spirited  gentlemen  who  have  sent  the  reports  of  their  counties. 
Many  of  them  will  be  found  to  contain  much  interesting  and  useful  in- 
formation, tbe  dissemination  of  which  cannot  fail  to  be  highly  benefi- 
cial to  the  counties. 

By  the  publication  of  these  reports  they  will  serve  somewhat  as 
forms  and  illustrations,  by  the  aid  of  which,  together  with  the  plans 
more  fully  pointed  out  in  the  report  of  the  Corresponding  Secretary, 
on  page  299,  it  is  hoped  that  more  detailed  and  accurate  reports  will  be 
furnished  of  every  county  in  the  State  for  publication  in  the  next  vol- 
ume of  the  Society. 


REPORT  FROM  BARREN  COUNTY. 

Barren  county  is  one  of  the  largest  counties  in  extent  in  the  State,  and  in  population  is  per 
haps  the  largest,  leaving  out  the  cities.  It  possesses  no  minerals.  It  has  a  diversity  of  soil* 
the  larger  portion  of  winch,  especially  in  the  district  called  the  Barrens,  is  quite  productive. 
The  principal  productions  are  corn,  oats,  wheat,  and  tobacco.  It  would  be  a  fair  estimate  to 
put  down  the  quantity  of  wheat  at  eighty  thousand  bushels,  and  of  tobacco  at  two  thousands 
hogsheads. 

There  is  an  abundance  of  timber  to  supply  all  wants  for  building  and  fencing  purposes  ,  and 
except  in  a  few  locations,  there  is  plenty  of  water.  Big  Barren  river  runs  across  the  southern 
portion,  and  Little  Barren  river  across  the  Northern,  and  Beaver  creek  near  the  center.  There 
are  also  on  the  south  and  west,  Peter's  and  Schegg's  creeks.  Upon  these  streams  mills  are  sit 
uated  at  convenient  distances,  which  supply  the  people  in  their  vicinity  with  meal,  flour,  and 
1  umber.     There  is  also  in  Glasgow  a  large  steam  saw  and  grist  mill. 

Respectfully,  &c,  HENRY  C.  CRENSHAW 


REPORT  FROM  DAVIESS  COUNTY. 

At  the  June  meeting  of  Daviess  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Society, held  in  Owens- 
boro,  the  Rev.  II.  H  Hopkins,  Doctor  Sterman,  George  W.  Triplett,  and  Wm.  Bell,  were  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  report  on  the  soil,  products,  timber,  minerals,  live  stock,  improvements 
of  town,  &c,  with  such  other  matters  as  appeared  to  them  right  and  proper,  and  to  forward  the 
same  to  R.  W.  Scott,  Corresponding  Secretary  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society. 

Soil.     The  lands  of  Daviess  county  may  be  divided  into  three  classes. 

1.  The  river  bottoms,  of  which  nothing  need  be  said  except  that,  in  fertility,  they  can  hard- 
ly be  surpassed,  and  are  inexhaustable  by  any  continuance  of  cultivation. 

2.  What  is  usually  called  upland.  This  is  the  high  dry  land  of  the  county.  Of  this  there 
are  very  large  bodies,  much  of  which  is  very  rich,  some  second  rate,  and  some  poor  in  ap- 
pearance, yet  producing  crops  much  beyond  the  expectation  of  a  stranger. 

3.  There  is  what  is  commonly  cMed  flats.  These  constitute  also  a  large  part  of  the  county. 
They  were  looked  upon  in  former  times  as  nearly  worthless,  but  now  they  are  coming  to  be 


536  REPORT  OF  THE 

regarded  as  the  most  valuable  portion  of  onr  lands.  When  cleared  and  cultivated  they  be- 
come dry,  and  present  a  soil  the  most  pulverisable  and  productive,  and  amply  reward  the  la- 
bors of  the  husbandman.  Waste  land  is  a  rare  thing  in  the  county.  Thousands  of  acres  may 
be  found  together  without  a  square  foot  of  untilable  surface.  Some  parts  of  our  county  may 
be  said  to  be  hilly,  some  to  be  gently  and  some  more  boldly  undulating,  and  some  nearly  level. 
It  is  of  a  portion  of  these  level  lands  we  sometimes  hear  people  say  "they  are  poor  crawfishy 
lands."  But  we  take  this  opportunity  of  saying  that  the  presence  of  crawfish  is  neither  indi- 
cative of  rich  land  nor  poor  land,  but  simply  of  wet  land.  Wet,  at  least,  in  that  season  of  the 
year  when  crawfish  go  forth  to  labor.  But  these  aborigines  of  the  soil  soon  vanish  before  the 
plow,  the  harrow,  the  scythe,  and  the  tramp  of  the  feet  of  cattle. 

Products.  First  of  all,  and  ahead  of  all,  comes  the  corn  crop.  Thousands  upon  thousands 
of  bushels  are  annually  shipped  southward  from  our  Ohio  and  Green  river  bottoms.  The  soil 
of  the  rich  lands  of  the  county,  when  well  plowed  and  cultivated,  stands  drouth  to  a  very  won- 
derful degree.  Hence,  during  the  last  few  years,  so  remarkable  for  their  dry  summers,  Da- 
viess county  has  probably  produced  more  corn  than  any  other  county  in  the  State  of  no  greater 
agricultural  surface.  Strangers  from  the  upper  and  older  counties  of  the  State  have  often  ex- 
pressed their  surprise  at  the  superiority  of  the  crops  here  to  those  which  they  had  left  behind 
them. 

Tobacco  is  another  main  staple,  and  is  not  surpassed  in  quality,  or  in  quantity,  per  acre, 
by  any  other  tobacco  growing  region  in  the  State.  The  "Yellow  Banks  Tobacco"  has  a  char 
acter  of  its  own  in  New  Orleans  and  Liverpool. 

The  present  season  has  proved  that  Wheat  also  may  become  one  of  the  great  and  profita- 
ble products  of  the  country.  Probably  no  finer  fields  of  this,  finest  of  all  the  grains,  could  be 
ound  in  the  nation,  than  some  which  have  been  raised  among  us  this  season.  Larger  por- 
tions of  land  have  been  put  in  wheat  than  ever  before,  and  greater  pains  had  been  taken  to  do 
it  well. 

Rye  and  Oats  usually  prosper  and  are  pretty  certain  crops  in  almost  any  season. 

The  Grasses.  We  have  not  noticed  in  any  of  the  upper  counties  any  such  variety  of  natu- 
ral grasses  as  grow  here.  They  spring  up  rapidly  in  our  deadenings,  and  cattle  soon  grow  fat 
upon  them.  As  to  the  artificial  grasses,  clover,  timothy,  orchard  grass,  and  red  top,  they  all 
do,  not  only  well,  but  better  than  in  the  rich  and  better  improved  counties  of  the  State.  This 
is  accounted  for,  not  from  the  fertility  of  the  soil  alone,  but  from  its  adaptation  to  retain 
moisture.  All  that  is  necessary  to  blue  grass  here,  is  to  give  it  a  fair  chance.  While  men 
are  sleeping  on,  doubting  its  adaptation  to  our  soil,  it  is  silently  and  benevolently  taking  pos- 
session of  the  uncultivated  and  sunny  spots  on  the  farms.  Some  of  the  farms  in  the  beech 
woods  refute  the  folly  which  asserts,  that  blue  grass  cannot  flourish  here. 

Potatoes  have  heretofore  been  a  rather  uncertain  crop,  except  in  the  hands  of  some  men, 
which  would  seem  to  indicate  that  failure  was  the  result  of  bad  management;  rather  than  of 
soil  or  season. 

Melons  are  commonly  good  and  abundant. 

Apples  and  Peaches  flourish,  but  are  often  injured  by  spring  frosts. 

Pears,  Cherries  and  Plums  have  not  been  sufficiently  tested  to  say  much  about  them. 

All  garden  vegetables  are  most  abundant  and  fine. 

About  three-fourths  of  the  country  is  still  in  its  forest  state. 

Live  Stock.  Our  county  is  far  behind  what  it  should  be,  in  regard  to  stock  of  the  varied 
kinds,  originating  from  the  following  causes,  namely:  being  one  of  the  first  tobacco  growing 
districts  in  Southern  Kentucky,  and,  as  before  stated,  only  one  fourth  of  its  surface  redeemed 
ho  agricultural  purposes — this  one  fourth  of  the  soil  occupied  by  a  population  of  about  four- 
teen thousand — necessarily  reduces  the  size  of  farms  far  below  that  required  for  rapid  and 
profitable  stock  producing.  Again:  our  farmers  are  well  assured  that  tobacco  yields  a  heavier 
income  than  any  other  products  of  the  soil;  yet  a  few  of  our  larger  farmers  are  giving  over 
tobacco  raising,  well  knowing  its  deteriorating  effects  upon  the  soil.  The  intelligent,  and 
those  that  have  a  just  conception  of  the  picturesque,  can  appreciate  the  favorable  appearance 
of  a  grass  growing,  over  a  tobacco  growing  country;  consequently,  several  of  our  largest  and 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  537 

most  intelligent  farmers  are  awakened  to  the  necessity  of  (and  creeping,  slowly  to  be  sure,  in- 
to a  spirit  of,)  stock  improvement,  which,  we  have  no  doubt,   will  grow  more  rapidly  as  our 
immense  forests  yield  to  the  axe  of  our  husbandman,   induced  by  a  spirit  of  emulation,  awa- 
kened by  the  improved  appeacan.ee  of  their  neighbor's  farms,  and  more  generally  by  the  ex- 
hibitions at  our  district  and  State  Fairs. 

Hogs. — Already,  in  the  item  of  hogs,  this  county  has  taken  a  high  stand,  and  in  that  product 
is  the  fourth  county  in  the  State,  as  per  reports  for  1857;  and  we  think  it  may  be  fairly  con 
eluded  that  it  will  not  only  maintain  that  position,  but  advance  to  be  the  very  first.  The  va- 
riety reared  is  a  mongrel  breed.  The  Woburn,  Grasier,  and  Berkshire  crossed  being  the  prin- 
cipal breed,  and  making  a  large,  active,  and  thrifty  animal. 

Horses  are  generally  of  an  exceedingly  inferior  grade,  comparatively  few  persons,  with  us, 
paying  a  suitable  or  proper  attention  to  the  breeding  and  rearing  of  this  noble  and  useful 
animal.  The  rearing  is  far  more  defective  than  breeding.  Almost  universally  the  young 
horses,  when  fed  at  all,  (which  is  rarely  and  never  except  by  some  of  the  grass  producing  men,) 
get  only  grain,  and  that  in  small  and  insufficient  quantities;  whilst  the  range  furnishes  what" 
ever  else  is  necessary  to  sustain  a  feeble  vitality,  which  is  sure  to  produce  an  improperb'  de- 
veloped physical  system,  and  consequently  a  perverted  constitution,  beset  by  disease  on  all 
sides,  especially  big  shoulder  and  big  head.  Breeders  of  a  good  class,  either  for  the  saddle, 
harness,  or  draft,  are  very  rare  in  our  county.  So  far  as  we  know  there  is  but  one  horse  having 
any  claims  to  improved  stock  now  standing  in  the  county,  and  one  claiming  to  be  a  draft  horse* 
We  think  our  people  are  waking  up  on  this  subject,  and  new  enterprises  in  breeding  is  spread- 
ing and  extending  rapidly  from  fanner  to  farmer;  and  harness,  saddle,  or  draft  stallions  sent 
to  Daviess  would  be  fairly  encouraged  and  remunerated. 

Cattle  — Much  more  attention,  by  raisers,  has  been  bestowed  upon  horned  cattle  than  upon 
horses,  and  they  appear  much  more  favorably  than  horses.  The  better  breeds  have  been  in- 
troduced by  many  farmers;  but  great  defect  in  the  crossing  and  rearing  has  rendered  the  pro- 
duce not  as  valuable,  by  one  fourth  at  least,  as  it  should  be;  but  this  is  being  rapidly  overcome 
by  a  juster  appreciation  of  crossing  and  a  more  correct  standard  of  feeding;  and  we  think  the 
county  bids  fair  to  be  a  good,  if  not  one  of  the  very  best,  cattle  growing  counties  in  the  State. 

Sheep. — But  little  attention,  and  few  attempts  have  been  made  in  breeding  and  rearing 
sheep.  But  those  who  have  attempted  it  have  succeeded  as  well,  though  in  a  small  way,  as 
could  be  desired;  and  we  are  satisfied  that  this  department  of  stock  growing  will  surely  and 
gradually  increase  to  a  valuable  and  profitable  standard. 

Mules. — But  few  mules  are  raised,  for  the  obvious  reasons,  which  limit  to  so  great  a  degree 
the  amount  of  all  other  stock  with  us;  but  circumstances  are  growing  favorable,  and  we  may 
safely  say  flattering,  in  this  department.     Poultry  of  every  variety  is  profitable  and  good. 

Minerals,  Rocks,  Clays,  &c,  of  Daviess  County,  Kentucky.  The  Bon  Harbor  Coal 
Mines,  three  miles  below  Owensboro',  were  opened  over  thirty  years  ago,  and  have  been  ex- 
tensively worked.  The  coal  is  of  good  quality,  and  the  seams  average  about  five  feet  in 
thickness.  Coal  is  known  to  be  in  all  the  broken  or  hilly  sections  of  the  county,  cropping  out 
on  the  hill  sides,  in  the  banks  and  beds  of  creeks  and  branches,  and  has  also  been  found  in 
various  localities  in  sinking  wells,  at  from  ten  to  thirty  feet  below  the  surface  of  the  ground; 
in  fact  the  whole  county  is  within  the  coal  field;  hill  and  vale  is  underlayed  with  workable 
seams,  of  from  three  to  five  feet  of  uniform  good  quality,  and  some  of  them  superior.  The 
Wolf  Hill  coal,  ten  miles  South  East  of  Owensboro',  has  been  tested  and  found  to  leave  less 
than  two  per  cent,  of  ashes. 

Iron  Ore  has  been  found  in  various  localities,  very  near  the  coal,  and  doubtless  exists  in 
every  hill  where  the  coal  is  found,  but  whether  in  such  quantity  and  richness  as  to  justify  the 
erection  of  furnaces,  has  not  been  determined. 

Salt.  From  the  barings  made  in  Henderson  county  by  J.  G.  Holloway  and  Col.  Burbank, 
nearl  west  of  Owensboro',  and  by  Mr.  Fields,  (some  years  since,)  south  east  of  Owensboro', 
and  from  the  general  dip  of  the  salt  bearing  shale,  as  laid  down  by  Dr.  Owen,  in  his  able  Ge- 
ological report,  there  seems  to  be  not  a  doubt  but  we  can  obtain  a  rich  and  abundant  supply  of 
salt-water  at  from  five  to  six  handred  feet,  equal  to  the  famous    Kauawha  Salines.     We  need 


538  REPORT  OF  THE 

the  capital,  and  the  energy  to  use  the  capital,  in  the  proper  development  of  our  natural  ad- 
vantages; with  these  it  would  be  but  a  few  years  before  we  would  cease  to  pay  out  immense 
sums  for  these  and  many  other  articles  of  necessity,  in  place  we  would  be  in  large  receipts 
from  abroad,  for  the  manufacture  of  articles,  the  materials  for  which  are  lying  dormant  under 
our  feet,  and  all  around  us. 

Rocks.  Our  county  is  emphatically  not  a  rocky  county.  We  have  but  little  stone  of  any 
kind,  as  a  general  thing.  Limestone  exists  in  a  few  localities,  and  in  small  quantity.  Sand- 
stone is  found  in  different  sections  of  the  county,  and  some  of  it  is  a  very  superior  building 
material.     Our  main  dependence  for  stone  is  by  the  Ohio  river. 

Gravel.  The  heads  of  Bars  and  Islands  in  the  Ohio  river  will  forever  furnish  us  with  a 
supply  of  gravel  to  improve  our  streets  and  roads  near  the  river.  Gravel  of  good  quality  has 
also  been  discovered  in  several  other  localities,  and  from  practical  experience  we  can  state 
that  gravel  makes  a  better  road,  and  more  lasting,  than  any  McAdamized  road. 

Clays.  There  is  scarcely  any  portion  of  our  county  but  affords  brick  clay  of  good  qual- 
ity. 

Fire  Clay  of  good  quality  is  found  in  all  places  where  coal  is  found. 

Potter's  Clay.  We  have  along  the  river  bank,  commencing  some  two  milesbelow  Owen3- 
boro',  and  extending  some  two  or  three  miles  above,  a  blue  clay  from  ten  to  fourteen 
feet  thick;  this  vein  of  clay  is  found  from  ten  to  fifteen  feet  below  the  top  of  the  bank,  and 
some  five  to  ten  teet  below  extreme  high  water.  The  pure  part  of  this  blue  clay  is  about 
eight  feet  thick,  and  when  mixed  with  a  small  portion  of  a  white  clay  found  a  short  distance 
back  of  Owensboro',  makes  the  best  article  of  stone-ware  ever  seen  in  this  region,  scarcely 
ever  cracking  in  burning.  Mr.  J.  A.  Scott  is  extensively  engaged  in  manufacturing  ware 
from  this  clay  in  Owensboro',  and  his  ware  is  certainly  superior  to  any  we  ever  saw  brought 
from  the  most  celebrated  stone-ware  manufactories  of  Ohio  or  Indiana. 

Sand.  Our  soil,  except  in  a  few  localities,  has  hardly  enough  sand.  Though  our  river 
banks  contain  a  vein  of  sand  six  or  eight  feet  thick,  lying  below  a  clay  formation  of  from  six 
to  ten  feet  in  thickness;  this  sand  is  equal  to  any  in  the  State  for  building  purposes.  Sand 
is  found  in  some  of  the  banks  of  creeks  and  branches,  and  in  some  other  localities. 

Timber.  We  doubt  whether  any  county  in  Kentucky  has  such  a  superabundance  of  valuable 
timber  as  is  to  be  found  in  this  county.  In  nearly  all  that  portion  of  the  county  bordering  on 
Panther  Creek,  from  one  to  four  miles  on  each  side,  through  the  county  from  Eist  to  West, 
may  be  found  the  various  oaks — white,  black  and  red.  Many  of  the  white  oaks,  which  are  the 
principal  growth,  are  from  four  to  six  feet  across  the  stump,  the  bodies  of  which  are  of  such 
length  as  to  astonish  a  man  from  the  Blue  Grass  region  of  the  State.  Many  of  the  black  and 
red  oaks  are  fully  equal  in  size  and  length  to  the  white  oak.  The  hill  portion  of  the  county 
and  in  fact  almost  every  part  of  the  country,  abounds  in  fine  white  oak,  and  black  oak.  The 
finest  yellow  poplar  is  scattered  over  at  least  one  half  the  county.  Black  walnut,  honey  locust, 
black  locust,  and  black  ash,  are  also  common  growths  of  the  county.  Blue  ash  is  only  occa, 
sionally  found.  There  are  also  dense  forests  of  beech  and  sugar  tree  in  many  localities;  also, 
hickory,  elm,  maple,  dogwood,  gum,  and  almost  every  other  growth  of  our  latitude.  We 
know  of  no  place  in  the  West,  offering  such  inducements  in  the  way  of  good  timber,  for  steam- 
boat building,  as  Owensboro  and  its  vicinity. 

Improvements.  Owensboro.  Its  population  is  about  (3,000)  three  thousand,  and  is  increas- 
ing perhaps  as  rapidly  as  any  village  in  the  State.  We  give,  on  the  word  of  a  mechanic,  who 
of  course  is  observant  of  such  matters,  that  some  sixty  (60)  houses  will  be  erected  this  sea- 
son; among  them  are  four  brick  store-houses,  three  of  these,  three  stories  high,  which,  for 
neatness  of  finish  and  business  capacity,  are  only  surpassed  by  the  lately  erected  mammoth 
stores  of  Louisville.     Indeed,  twelve  years  back  that  city  had  none  to  compare  with  them. 

There  has  just  been  erected,  and  about  being  finished,  in  our  opinion  the  best  Court  House 
in  Kentucky.  We  have  four  tobacco  stemmeries  doing  an  extensive  and  profitable  business. 
There  are  five  brick  houses  for  Divine  worship,  namely,  a  Baptist,  Methodist,  Cumberland 
Presbyterian,  and  Old  School  Presbyterian,  which  are  all  well  attended  on  the  Sabbath,  and 
each  of  them  have  a  Sabbath  School.     There  is  also  a  Roman  Catholic  house  of  worship- 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  539 

Our  seminary  has  upwards  of  one  hundred  scholars.  There  are  also  two  female  schools  of 
high  repute,  one  of  them  had  last  session  over  one  hundred  young  ladies.  Our  wharf  is  being 
cut  down  and  improved  at  an  expense  of  some  $12,00!)  to  $15,000.  We  cm  safely  say  that 
the  mercantile  operations  of  our  town  have  trebled  within  the  last  eight  years.  We  have  a 
pork  house,  in  which  have  been  slaughtered  and  packed  as  high  as  23,000  head  of  Hogs,  and 
600  head  of  beef  cattle,  in  a  season,  and  those  amounts  might  be  geatly  increased,  and,  in  ad- 
dition, one  of  our  citizens  speaks  of  putting  up  a  packing  house,  with  the  intention  of  smok- 
ing or  packing  pork  slaughtered  by  small  farmers,  at  home.  There  has  lately  been  put  in  op- 
eration a  large  steam  flour  mill,  which  is  doing  an  excellent  business.  We  have  two  seed  and 
agricultural  stores;  also,  work  shops — one  extensively  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  wagons, 
carts,  plows,  buggies,  &c;  and  a  foundery,  turning  out  some  fine  castings.  The  sound  of  the 
anvil,  saw,  and  hammer,  and  the  puff  of  the  steam  engine,  are  constantly  breaking  on  the  ear. 
Ours  is  an  unfinished  town.  We  have  been  strangers,  for  the  last  five  years,  to  that  quiet  re- 
pose wh'ch  characterizes  most  of  the  interior  county  towns.  The  constant  demand  for  saddle- 
horses,  buggies,  and  carriages,  beyond  what  four  extensive  livery  stables  can  supply,  evidences 
a  brisk  intercourse  with  the  country  in  our  rear;  yet  nothing  of  all  this  arises  out  of  excite- 
ment. Our  growth  is  regular  and  steady,  rather  forced  upon  our  town  by  the  rapid  improve- 
ment of  our  own  arid  neighboring  counties,  whilst  it  is  plain  to  be  seen  that  we  must  still  go 
on  to  improve  with  more  rapid  strides,  as  the  immense  amount  (before  alluded  to,)  of  our  un- 
improved lands  are  brought  under  cultivation.  We  know  that  the  numerous  saw  mills  around 
our  town,  and  scattered  over  the  county,  prove  inadequate  to  supply  the  demands  for  lumber. 
One  fact,  of  great  importance,  has  escaped  the  notice  of  farmers  living  at  a  distance,  namely, 
the  fact  already  alluded  to,  of  our  large  coal  field  underlaying  the  whole  county,  which  pre- 
cludes the  necessity  of  keeping  such  an  amount  of  land  under  wood,  for  fuel,  as  must  be  done 
where  coal  is  not  found.  The  price  for  this  article  does  not  fluctuate  with  us;  it  is  sold,  at  all 
seasons,  for  ten  cents  per  bushel  delivered  in  town,  and  still  much  lower  at  the  mines.  Slack 
(which  is  used  with  a  little  wood  in  making  steam,)  can  be  had  for  $1  per  wagon  load.  This, 
with  advantages  of  location,  &c,  will  invite  manufacturers. 

We  may  soon  have  a  railroad  running  out  to  coal  mines  of  superior  quality;  this  matter  is 
in  the  hands  of  a  New  York  company;  we  cannot  say  whether  it  will  or  will  not  be  carried 
out.  In  closing  we  can  truly  say,  contrary  to  most  mineral  countries,  we  have  generally  a  rich 
soil  above,  with  abundant  minerals  below^ 

OwENSBOito,  August  Eth,  1857. 

Dear  Sir  :  By  instruction  of  Committee,  I  forward  the  foregoing. 
Respectfully  and  truly  yours, 

WM.  BELL,  Chairman. 

R.  W.  Scott,  Secretary  Ky.  S.  A.  Society. 

Dear  Sir:  lam  instructed  to  fill  up  some  omissions  in  the  foregoing  report,  namely,  on- 
Hemp,  Grapes,  &c. 

Our  soil  produces  Hemp  of  a  superior  quality.  I  obtained,  in  the  Louisville  market, 
$130  per  ton,  (some  years  since,)  when  the  market  price  was  $120.  The  purchaser  afte wards 
remarked  to  me,  'it  was  the  best  Hemp  he  ever  worked."  The  texture  is  said  to  be  finer,  mora 
pliable,  having  a  more  silky  gloss,  and  is  heavier  than  Hemp  grown  in  the  upper  counties. 

The  Ohio  River  has  been  called  the  Rhine  of  the  United  States.  From  my  own  experience, 
(limited,  to  be  sure,)  and  observations  on  some  other  small  vineyards  in  our  own  county,  I  am 
satisfied  our  county  will  do  well  for  the  cultivation  of  the  vine.  Some  good  wine,  of  domestic 
manufacture,  has  been  exhibited  at  our  Fairs. 

Mr.  Scott,  the  manufacturer  of  stone-ware  in  our  town,  says  he  could  dispose  of  five  times 
as  much  as  he  can  manufacture.  I  have  no  doubt  the  white  clay  spoken  of,  south  of  our  town, 
will  make  as  good  yellow  and  mahogany  ware,  so  called,  as  the  potteries  at  Troy,  la.,  or  Liver- 
pool, Ohio,  turn  out.  Some  of  the  manufacturers  at  Liverpool  have  made  rapid  fortunes  at 
that  business.  Your  friend,  WM.  BELL. 


540  REPORT  OF  THE 

REPORT  FROM  BRACKEN  AND  MASON  COUNTIES. 

The  staple  productions  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Comities  are  Indian  corn,  wheat,  barley,  rye, 
oats,  hemp,  tobacco,  and  grapes,  horses,  cattle,  hogs,  sheep,  and  mules.  Mason  county  is  one 
of  the  best  hemp  counties  in  the  State.  Mason  county  tobacco  is  famous  for  its  excellence  in 
the  markets  of  Europe,  and  is  grown  to  considerable  extent  in  both  counties;  the  soil  of 
Bracken  is  based  on  yellow  clay,  with  limestone  foundation. 

Timber.  Sugar  tree,  buckeye,  walnut,  sassafras,  hickory;  the  south-west  portion  of  the 
county  is  principally  white  and  black  oak. 

The  cultivation  of  tobacco  in  Bracken  is  one  of  the  most  profitable  crops  grown  in  the  west, 
three  premiums  out  of  lour,  offered  by  the  State  Society  for  1856,  were  awarded  to  citizens  of 
Bracken,  on  tobacco. 

The  culture  of  the  grape  in  Bracken  seems  destined  to  rival  that  of  any  part  of  Ohio.  Dur- 
ing the  last  summer  a  New  York  wine  merchant  came  to  Augusta,  after  visiting  the  vineyards 
in  Ohio,  and  paid  for  wine  raised  in  the  vicinity  of  Augusta  $2  50  per  gallon,  that  being  fifty 
cents  over  the  price  of  the  best  Ohio  wine.  There  are  now  several  large  vineyards  in  the 
county,  and  this  year  there  will  be  from  one  to  two  hundred  acres  put  in  vines.  The  soil  of 
Bracken  seems  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  grape,  and  the  German  wine  raisers  are  peopling  dif- 
ferent localities  rapidly.  Respectfully, 

L.  J.  BRADFORD. 


REPORT  FROM  FRANKLIN  COUNTY. 

Franklin  county  was  formed  by  the  Kentucky  Legislature  in  1794.  It  is  bounded  on  the 
north  by  Owen  and  Henry;  on  the  east  by  Scott;  on  the  south  by  Woodford  and  Anderson;  on 
the  west  by  Shelby  county.  It  contains  about  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  acres,  worth, 
on  an  average,  about  $20  per  acre,  though  some  farms  are  worth  from  $75  to  $100  per  acre. 

Water  Courses.  The  Kentucky  River  runs  through  the  county  from  south  to  north,  divi- 
ding it  into  nearly  equal  parts,  cutting  a  deep  channel  into  the  solid  rock,  and  surmounted 
generally  by  high  and  precipitous  cliffs,  and  navigable  by  small  steamers  throughout  the  entire 
year.  The  other  streams  are  North,  South  and  Main  Elkhorn,  Big  and  Little  Benson,  and 
Flat  Creek,  all  of  which  afford  good  sites  for  grist  and  saw  mills,  and  small  factories,  and  all 
abound,  like  the  Kentucky,  in  a  great  variety  of  fine  fish.  The  Lock  and  Dam  on  the  Ken- 
tucky River  at  Frankfort,  affords  water  power  of  great  extent  and  durability,  but  is  used  at 
present  by  but  one  saw  mill. 

The  Face  of  the  Country  is  gently  undulating  on  the  sides  next  to  Scott  and  Woodford 
counties;  is  more  rolling  next  to  Anderson  and  Shelby,  while  that  on  the  waters  of  Flat  Creek 
is  hilly.  Comparatively  little  is  not  susceptible  of  cultivation,  although  a  large  part  of  the 
rolling  and  hilly  lands  would  be  more  permanently  profitable  if  kept  constantly  in  blue  grass, 
timothy  and  clover,  for  pasture  and  meadow. 

The  Soil  generally  is  a  clay  loam,  mixed  with  small  particles  of  bog  iron  ore,  and  under- 
laid by  thinly  stratified  limestone,  which  is  well  adapted  to  make  stone  fences. 

The  Crops  are  corn,  wheat,  rye,  hemp,  barley,  and  tobacco,  all  of  which  are  raised  for  ex- 
port; and  oats,  timothy,  and  clover  hay,  for  domestic  use. 

All  the  fruits  and  vegetables  adapted  to  this  latitude  grow  here  kindly  and  abundantly;  and 
the  hill  country  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  peach  tree. 

The  Stock  of  the  County,  of  all  sorts,  is  genetally  well  improved,  and  much  of  it  is  truly 
fine  and  well  bred — several  persons  having  paid  much  attention  to  the  breeding  and  sale  of 
fine  horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs,  all  of  which,  together  with  mules  and  asses,  are  raised  in 
greater  quantities  than  are  demanded  for  the  consumption  of  the  county.  The  raising  of 
stock,  especially  of  fine  blooded  stock,  is  found  to  be  much  more  profitable  than  the  mere  sale 
of  crops,  especially  considering  that  less  land,  labor  and  capital  are  required,  and  the  fertility 
of  the  soil  is  much  improved. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  541 

Timber  is  in  demand,  at  Frankfort,  for  mechanical,  building  and  fencing  purposes,  and  also 
in  the  south  east  portion  of  the  county,  while  the  northern  has  much  to  spare.  Sawed  lum- 
ber, flat  rail3  and  post  timber  are  in  demand  among  the  farmers  of  the  south  east  part  of  the 
county.  The  growth  is  ash,  sugar-tree,  walnut,  &c,  in  the  south-east,  while  oak,  poplar  and 
beech  are  the  principal  timbers  in  the  other  portions  of  the  county. 

Minerals  and  Mineral  Waters.  Small  veins  of  lead,  imbedded  in  limestone,  have  been 
found  in  the  bed  of  Flat  Creek;  also,  in  Elkhorn,  and  a  lead  mine  in  the  north  east  part  of 
the  county  was  worked  for  a  short  time,  but  as  yet  no  minerals  of  marketable  value,  of  any 
kind,  have  been  developed  any  where  in  the  county,  though  their  presence  is  indicated  by  a 
variety  of  mineral  waters  in  various  parts  of  the  county.  Several  small  streams  of  chaly- 
beate water  show  themselves  about  Frankfort.  Scanland's  Spring,  at  the  Kentucky  Military 
Institute,  was  long  a  place  of  summer  resort  for  invalids,  and  valuable  medical  salt3  have  been 
made  from  the  water,  which  flows  out  in  great  abundance. 

A  small  but  permanent  stream  of  black  sulphur  water  rises  from  a  bottom  on  Flat  creek, 
and  another  sulphur  spring  is  well  known  on  Benson,  not  far  from  the  Railroad,  and  was  for- 
merly known  as  Faught's  spring,  and  was  much  resorted  to  by  invalids,  and  might  again  be 
made  a  place  of  fashionable  resort.  Magnesian  water,  and  a  reservoir  of  inflamable  gas,  have 
been  reached  by  deep  boring  at  Steadmau's  Mills,  on  Main  Elkhorn.  The  water  is  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  fine  printing  paper,  and  the  gas  was  used,  for  a  while,  and  might  be  again,  for 
illuminating  purposes.  All  the  wells  in  the  valley  at  Frankfort  have  a  mineral  flavor. 
Superior  potter's  clay,  and  a  tolerably  good  fine  clay,  are  also  found  in  the  same  valley. 
The  Kentucky  river  Marble  was  long  used  for  mortuary  purposes,  and  is  a  good  building 
material,  the  Capitol  of  the  State  being  built  of  polished  stone,  of  this  kind,  taken  from  the 
bed  of  the  river,  and  beneath  the  limestone  formation. 

A  stratified  grey  limestone,  frost  and  fire  proof,  and  a  fine  building  material,  is  found  about 
five  miles  from  Frankfort,  on  the  Railroad  to  Lexington,  and  is  fast  coming  into  use. 

Mills  and  Manufactories.  These  consist  of  a  large  paper  mill,  and  two  fine  flour  mills  on 
Elkhorn,  several  mills  on  Benson  and  Flat  creek ;  and  an  extensive  pork  house,  bagging  and 
rope  factory,  potter's  and  stone  ware  factory,  two  cotton  factories,  a  foundry,  coach  factory, 
tannery,  two  saw  mills  in  Frankfort,  are  the  principal  establishments  in  this  line,  besides  the 
Kentucky  Penitentiary,  in  which  a  large  amount  of  manufactures,  of  various  kinds,  is  con- 
stantly carried  on  with  great  success. 

Littekary  Institutions.  Several  of  these  enjoy  a  fine  reputation,  having  well  earned  it  by 
a  long  course  of  thorough  mental  and  moral  training,  both  for  males  and  females.  One  for 
each  sex  is  situated  near  to,  and  several  are  in,  the  city  of  Frankfort.  All  bring  many  pupils 
from  adjacent  counties  and  neighboring  States. 

The  agriculture  of  the  county  is  generally  fully  up  to  the  times,  but  like  other  portions  of 
the  State  is  lar  below  the  perfection  which  is  attainable.  Steel  plows,  the  roller,  and  the  horse 
rake  have  been  loDg  in  use;  small  grains  and  grasses,  and  even  hemp,  have  been  cut  by  ma- 
chinery; threshing  machines  bring  the  crops  quickly  into  market,  and  crushing  and  steaming, 
and  cutting  apparatus,  of  improved  construction,  are  all  well  approved  by  those  who  have  given 
them  full  and  fair  trial. 

But  while  many  farmers  have  money  in  the  bank,  few  are  depositing  fertility  in  that  great 
mother  bank,  Earth,  to  be  drawn  thence  in  their  old  age,  or  by  their  children  and  grand  chil- 
dren. Much  of  the  soil  is  being  gradually  exhausted  by  successive  crops,  and  much  is  washing 
from  hill  sides,  while  numerous  and  valuable  fertilizers  are  destroyed,  neglected,  or  misapplied, 
all  ruinous  evils  which  can  only  be  corrected  by  a  more  thorough  and  scientific  professional 
education  of  the  farmer. 

Locust  Hill  Farm,  Franklin  county,  Ky  ,  September,  1857.  ROBT.  W.  SCOTT. 


54:4  REPORT  OF  THE 

• 

REPORT  FROM  GREENUP  COUNTY. 

October  27,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Esq.  Corresponding  Secretary  Ky.  State  Ag.  Society: 

Greenup  county  is  the  uppermost  county  in  the  State,  bordering  forty  miles  on  the  Ohio 
river;  is  twelve  miles  wide,  a:id  divided  from  Virginia  by  the  river  Big  Sandy,  is  rough  and 
mountainous,  thin  soil,  except  in  the  river  and  creek  bottoms.  The  principal  crop  is  eorn,  and 
about  seventy  five  thousand  bushels  of  wheat.  Stock  is  of  inferior  quality,  and  not  numerous. 
The  mountains  abound  in  iron  ore  and  coal.  Eleven  steam  furnac  s  are  in  operation,  manu- 
facturing about  1,800  tons  of  pig  iron  per  annum  each,  and  two  more  out  of  blast.  There  arc 
also  in  the  county  two  iron  foundaries,  three  steam  flouring  mills,  four  water  saw  and  grist 
mills,  and  two  fire  brick  factories. 

Big  Sandy  is  navigated  fifty  or  sixty  miles  by  steamboats.  The  county  is  very  heavy  tim- 
bered with  trees  of  nearly  all  the  varieties  of  this  State. 

This  county  being  a  Manufacturing  and  not  an  Agricultural  county,  we  have  not  taken  so 
much  interest  in  Agricultural  Societies,  and  consequently  have  never  had  auy  society,  though 
frequently  talked  of,  and  we  hope  yet  to  form  one. 

I  hope  you  will  be  able  to  gather  some  little  information  from  this  communication,  though  it 
is  certainly  not  very  satisfactory.  Respe^tf  jlly, 

E.  J.  HOCKADAY. 


Henderson,  August  15,  1S57. 
R.  VV.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec  Ky.  Slate  Agricultural  Society: 

Mv  Dear  Sir:  I  should  have  sent  you  this  report  long  ago,  but  I  hive  not  been  a'de  ti 
collect  all  the  information.  I  d?sired  to  make  out  a  full  and  interesting  report  of  our  county, 
but  have  been  greatly  hindered  by  much  sickness,  and  by  other  business  which  I  was  compell- 
ed to  attend  to.     I  send  it  as  it  is,  aware  that  it  is  imperfect,  but  the  best  I  can  do  at  presei.t. 

Yours,  truly,  JOHN  J.  TOWJLE3. 

REPORT  FROM  HENDERSON  COUNTY. 
Henderson  county  was  formed  in  the  year  179?,  and  was  named  in  honor  of  C.l.  Richd.  Hen- 
derson. It  is  situated  in  the  south  west  part  of  the  State,  on  the  Ohio  river,  having  7J  miles 
border  on  that  noble  stream,  with  Green  river  forming  a  portion  of  its  eastern  boundary,  and 
running  in  a  north  westerly  direction  through  it,  and  emptying  into  the  Ohio  some  forty  miles 
(by  its  meanders,)  from  where  it  first  strikes  the  county.  It  is  bounded  north  by  the  Ohio 
river;  east  by  Daviess  and  McLean  counties;  south  by  Hopkins,  and  west  by  Union.  Accord- 
in"'  to  the  Assessor's  books  of  Henderson  county  we  have: 

Value. 

295,515  acres  or  land, R3,l"fi,9l0 

441  town  lots, -  _fc77.660 

3, 262  slaves  over  sixteen  years  old;  total  slaves,  4,761,         ....         2,5118,750 

3,538  horses, 249,5)0 

1,291)  mules, 109,655 

Id  jennies, 9'0 

9,602  cattle, 73,()l'0 

52  stores, -  18rt,900 

Under  the  Equalization  Law, 914,970 

Total, $8, 030,255 

SPECIFIC   PROPERTY. 

Pleasure  carriages,  buggies,  &c., $30,910 

Go'd  and  silver  watches,  clocks,  &c., 83, "95 

Gold  and  silver  plate,        --....---  *,I70 

Pianos,     11,723 

74,920 

Total, $8,105,175 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  543 

White  males  over  twenty  one  years  of  age,        -  1,925 

Qualified  voters,         ........--         1,768 

Children  between  six  and  eighteen  years  old,      -----         2,337 

Hogs  over  six  months  old,  --------       24,581 

Which  shows  an  increase  over  last  year  of  ,$414,633.      The  average  value  of  land,  per  acre 
will  be  seen  to  be  a  fraction  over  ten  dollars. 

The  coal  and  iion  ore  of  the  county  have  already  been  spoken  of  by  Prof.  Owen.  There  is 
said  to  be  a  fine  lead  mine,  near  MeElroys  gap,  on  the  Henderson  and  Nashville  railroad,  which 
however  the  Prof,  has  not  spoken  of.  Near  which  place  also  are  some  very  fine  Sulphur  and 
Chalybeate  springs. 

Col.  Burbank  of  Henderson  is  now  engaged  in  boring  an  artesian  salt  well,  and  has  reached 
the  depih  of  1,600  feet,  and  designs  going  400  feet  further.  There  is  a  stream  of  salt  water 
from  four  to  six  inches  in  diameter,  flowing  out  at  the  surface  now,  but  as  it  comes  through  a 
body  of  fresh  water  its  strength  is  necessarily  considerably  deteriorated.  Col.  Burbank  states 
that  the  strength  of  the  water  is  about  eighty  gallonsto  the  bushel,  and  he  is  boring  further,  in 
hopes  of  finding  stronger  salt  water.  He  states  at  the  depth  of  160  feet  that  there  is  a  rock 
63  feet  through,  which  will  afford  all  this  country  an  abundance  of  best  of  fresh  water;  and  at 
the  depth  of  "200  feet  there  is  a  stratum  of  the  very  best  porcelain  clay.  He  has  sent  specimens 
to  those  thoroughly  experienced  with  regard  to  the  good  properties  of  such  clay  and  they  have 
pronounced  it  the  finest  yet  discovered  in  the  United  States. 

Soils.  We  have  a  variety  of  soils.  The  Eastern  portion,  or  that  bordering  on  Green  riven 
is  quite  broken,  not  too  much  however  for  cultivation.  It  abounds  in  the  best  of  timber,  and 
is  the  only  portion  of  the  county  containing  much  beech  and  sugar  tree. 

The  Northern  portion  of  the  county,  lying  on  the  Ohio,  is  very  fertile  and  consists  chiefly  of 
alluvial  soil  with  the  exception  of  twelve  or  fifteen  miles.  The  middle  of  the  county,  and 
that  immediately  around  the  city  of  Henderson,  is  composed  of  clay  loam,  and  what  is  called 
black  flats  being  beautifully  undulating.  There  is  a  portion  of  the  county  lying  towards  Green 
river  called  "The  Barrens'"  but  is  by  no  means  unproductive,  as  some  of  our  best  wheat  and 
tobacco  is  raised  in  that  portion  of  the  county.  It  is  decidedly  the  wheat  growing  portion  of 
the  county.  There  are  also  some  very  fine  lands  in  the  South  western  portion  of  the  county. 
It  is  estimated  that  this  county  contains  about  sixty  thousand  acres  of  fine  alluvial  soil.  Clay 
loam,  with  retentive  clay  sub-soil,  is  the  predominant  soil  of  the  county. 

Timber — Poplar,  pecan,  all  descriptions  of  oak,  black  and  white  walnut,  ash,  hickory,  sweet 
gum,cotion  wood,  and  wild  cherry,  are  the  principal  growth  of  the  country. 

OitcnAitus — There  has  been  very  little  attedtion  paid  to  fruit  culture  in  this  county.  It  is 
gratifying  to  state,  however,  that  there  is  considerable  feeling  evinced  now  in  its  favor;  and 
we  hope  ere  long  t)  see  as  fine  orchards  of  well  selected  fruit  in  this  county  as  are  to  be  found 
any  where.  All  our  budded  peaches  were  destroyed  by  the  severe  frosts  this  spring,  but  there 
will  be  a  tolerable  supply  of  seedling  fruit  of  that  kind.  Apples  are  abundant.  There  is  no 
eider  made  except  for  home  consumption.  Considerable  apple  and  peach  brandy  is  made,  but 
little  exported.  It  has  been  suggested  that  a  convention  of  pomologists  to  be  held  every  year 
at  the  time  and  place  of  the  meeting  of  the  State  Fair,  for  the  further  promotion  of  fruit  cul- 
ture in  this  State,  and  we  think  it  a  good  idea,  and  would  urge  the  consideration  of  the  matter 
before  the  State  Agricultural  Society.  We  have  been  somewhat  astonished  that  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Louisville  Horticultural  Society  are  not  published  in  the  Western  Farm  Journal,  as 
it  would  be  productive  of  much  good  in  assisting  persons  to  select  those  varieties  of  fruit  best 
adapted  to  the  soil  and  climate  of  our  State. 

Gardkns  — The  same  may  be  said  of  the  good  feeling  increasing  in  regard  to  flower  culture 
as  was  said  of  fruit  culture.  Our  ladies  are  greatly  improving  in  their  taste  for  gardening, 
and  some  few  cultivate  the  finer  varieties  of  roses  and  other  rare  plants  to  considerable  extent. 
Garden  fruits,  and  vegetables  of  every  description  suitable  to  this  climate,  are  raised  in  abun- 
dance. 

Poultry. — We  fear  the  home  demand  for  poultry  far  exceeds  the  supply;  but  there  is  hardly 
a  farm  iu  the  county  upon  which  a  Shanghai  or  Cochin  China  does  not  crow. 


544  REPORT  OF  THE 

Crops. — The  great  crop  of  this  county  is  tobacco.  The  bottom  farms  yield  from  twelve  to 
fifteen  hundred  pounds  per  acre,  and  the  hills  from  eight  hundred  to  one  thousand.  Some  few 
of  our  wealthy  farmers  stem  and  prize  their  own  crops,  but  a  majority  sell  to  the  stemmeries 
in  the  city.  There  are  five  of  these  large  stemmeries  in  the  city,  from  which  are  shipped,  on 
an  average,  annually,  about  five  thousand  hogsheads.  Corn  is  the  next  great  article  of  export. 
The  bottom  farms  yield  from  sixty  to  seventy  five  bushels  per  acre,  and  the  good  hill  farms 
average  about  fifty  bushels.  It  is  shelled  and  sacked  during  the  winter  months,  and  when 
purchased  before  shelled,  the  purchaser  furnishes  sacks  and  twine.  It  is  thought  that  not  less 
than  200,000  bushels  are  annually  exported  from  this  county. 

Wheat.  Our  farmers  are  paying  much  more  attention  to  the  cultivation  of  this  cereal  in 
the  last  few  years  than  formerly.  From  ten  to  twenty-five,  and  sometimes  as  high  as  forty 
bushels  are  raised  per  acre.  Red  and  white  wheat  are  bo'h  raised,  and  when  put  in  after  to- 
bacco good  crops  are  almost  universally  raised,  thereby  proving  that  fine  tilth  is  essential  to 
insure  a  good  crop  of  this  grain. 

Rye.  Almost  all  our  farmers  raise  some  rye,  either  to  hog  down  or  for  winter  pasture — but 
none  for  exportation. 

Oats  are  considerably  raised,  and  as  it  has  been  lately  ably  argued  in  the  "Southern  Plan- 
ter," by  some  of  the  best  and  most  intelligent  farmers  in  Virginia,  and"  considered  to  enrich 
rather  than  exhaust  land,  I  hope  soon  the  long  mooted  question  will  be  definitely  settled,  and 
I  do  hope  in  favor  of  the  oats. 
Barley  is  not  raised  at  all.  that  I  know  of,  but  think  it  would  suceeed  tolerably  well. 
Potatoes.  There  is  very  little  attention  paid  to  the  cultivation  of  potatoes,  beyond  the 
home  demand.     Almost  every  farmer  has  his  patch  of  both  Irish  and  sweet  potatoes. 

Grasses.  I  have  no  doubt  but  what  blue  grass  will  succeed  very  well  in  this  county.  It  is 
the  spontaneous  growth  all  over  the  county,  especially  in  protected  places,  and  is  chiefly  seen 
in  fence  corners  growing  in  great  luxuriance.  I  have  never  seen  finer  in  any  of  the  upper 
counties,  than  I  have  here,  in  protected  places.  It  will  take  all  our  meadows,  if  they  are  not 
sown  with  timothy  every  few  years.  Orchard  grass  seems  to  be  the  favorite  grass  at  this  time, 
and  it  succeeds  very  well,  especially  in  woods  pastures.  Red  clover  is  considered  too  uncer- 
tain (wwing  to  the  severe  winters  and  springs,  succeeded  by  dry  summers,  which  we  have 
heretofore  had,)  to  depend  on  alone.  Timothy  and  herds  grass  are  preferred  for  hay,  but 
neither  raised  to  any  extent  for  exportation. 

Stock.  It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  this  county  has  nothing  to  boast  of  in  the  way  of 
fine  stock.  It  is  thought,  however,  that  our  stock  will  compare  favorably  with  that  of  our 
neighboring  counties.  Some  few  individuals  have  turned  their  attention  to  the  rearing  and 
breeding  of  fine  stock,  in  the  last  few  years,  but  it  is  by  no  means  general.  Some  years  ago 
a  good  deal  of  attention  was  paid  to  horses,  and  two  or  three  very  fine  horses  have  stood  in 
the  county,  but  we  are  sadly  deficient  in  that  line  now.  Lately  some  very  fine  cattle  sheep 
and  hogs  have  been  introduced,  from  the  upper  counties,  and,  doubtless,  will  be  of  great  ad- 
vantage in  improving  their  respective  breeds,  and  we  do  hope,  ere  long,  to  see  some  fine 
borse3,  also,  introduced.  One  of  our  wealthiest  and  most  enterprising  citizens,  a  vear  or  '  two 
ago,  made  an  importation  direct  from  England,  of  some  very  fine  Durham  cattle,  a  cow,  bull, 

and  two  Ayrshire  heifers  in  calf,  and  two  sheep — a  buck  and  ewe  of  the  Southdown  breed 

which  were  quite  an  acquisition  to  the  county,  and  we  hope  will  prove  of  much  benefit.  Since 
the  State  Fair  about  $20,000  worth  of  fine  stock  have  been  introduced  and  among  them  some 
fine  horses. 
Mule3.     Mules  are  reared  to  some  extent,  but  do  not  exceed  the  home  demand. 
Sheep.     Our  sheep,  we  think,  are  rather  above  an  average,  as  there  are  several,  very  fine 
flocks  in  the  county. 

Hogs.  Our  hogs  stand  in  need  of  considerable  improvement,  and,  doubtless,  all  these  de- 
ficiencies will  be  remedied,  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  by  the  holding  of  the  State  Fair  among 
us  this  fall. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  545 

REPORT  FROM  HENRY  COUNTY. 

Newcastle,  Henry  Co.,  December,  1857. 
Dear  Sir:  Your  circular,  accompanied  with  a  written  request  that  I  should  report  to  you  for 
the  county  of  Henry,  was  duly  received.  I  will  endeavor  to  give  a  condensed  report  of  those 
matters  and  interests  embraced  in  the  last  section  of  instructions  in  the  circular,  and  defined 
in  these  words:  "a  brief  description  of  each  county,  as  to  its  location,  soil,  crops,  stock,  min- 
erals and  mineral  waters,  timber,  manufactures,  navigable  waters,  water  powers,  &c." 

1st.  Location. — A  glance  at  the  map  of  Kentucky  will  show  that  Henry  may  be  classed  as 
one  of  the  northern  counties  of  the  State;  running  within  ten  or  twelve  miles  of  the  Ohio 
river,  and  lying  about  the  centre,  from  east  to  west. 

2nd  Son..— I  may  notice  the  growth  of  wood  in  connection  with  this  head,  as  it  is  well 
known  that  the  kind  and  quality  of  soil  generally  indicates  the  species  of  wood  that  grow3 
upon  it.  The  soil,  surface,  and  growth  of  timber  vary  very  much  over  the  country.  That  portion 
lying  east  of  the  Newcastle  and  Shelbyville  road,  frcm  two  to  five  miles  out,  including  the 
district  around  Fleasurevillc,  and  embracing  fifteen  or  twenty  thousand  acres,  is  gently  undu- 
lating, and  fertile  enough  to  be  well  adapted  to  the  culture  of  any  of  the  staples  of  Kentucky. 
The  growth  of  wood  is  sugar  tree  interspersed  with  walnut,  oak,  hickory,  ash,  wild  locust, 
buckeye,  &c.  The  soil  is  a  rich  dark  loam,  on  a  subsoil  of  yellow  clay,  beneaih  which,  at  a 
depth  of  from  one  to  six  feet,  lies  the  blue  limestone  formation.  The  choicest  lands  in  the 
county  are  found  in  this  bouadary,  ranging  in  price  from  fifty  to  sixty  dollars  per  acre. 

That  part  lying  west  of  the  above,  and  a  line  running  north  from  Newcastle,  is  somewhat 
more  broken,  with  a  thinner  soil  and  a  greater  depth  of  clay.  The  growth  of  beech  predomi- 
nates, with  a  mixture  of  oak,  sugar  tree,  and  poplar  plentifully  scattered.  The  lands  in  this 
district  are  very  productive,  when  well  cultivated,  and  range,  with  a  few  exceptions,  from  thirty 
to  fifty  dollars  per  acre. 

The  remaining  portion — or  eastern  division — of  the  county  is  very  uucqual  in  soil  and  sur 
face,  and  ranges  in  price  from  five  to  fifty  dollars  per  acre.  The  bottom  lands  on  the  Kentucky 
river  are  as  productive  as  any  in  the  State,  and  are  held  at  high  pi  ices.  Many  of  these  are 
converted  into  hay  farms,  and  yield  as  large  revenues  for  the  amount  of  labor  bestowed  as  any 
branch  of  agricultural  business  in  the  State.  Back  of  these,  and  from  two  to  six  miles  out 
from  the  river,  the  country  is  broken  and  rough.  Between  this  and  the  sections  first  meution 
ed,  the  surface  becomes  more  level  and  is  very  well  adapted  to  farming.  A  growth  of  beech 
and  oak,  interspersed  with  walnut,  poplar,  sugar,  and  other  trees  alternate  over  the  whole  Of 
this  division.  A  glance  at  the  Auditor's  Report  for  1855,  will  show  that  Henry  embraces  about 
176,719  acres  of  land  in  her  boundaries,  assessed  at  obout  nineteen  dollars  per  acre. 

Stock.  The  same  Auditor's  Report  gives  the  number  of  horses  at  5,278,  mules  356,  jen- 
nies 21,  cattle  8,208,  and  stock  hogs  over  six  months  old  at  20,352.  More  attention  is  paid  to 
feeding  cattle  and  hogs  lor  market  than  any- other  stock.  The  highest  number  of  fathogssold 
out  of  the  county  any  one  season  is  1 6,1)00 .  This  year  (1857)  the  number  fed  for  market  is 
about  10,000.     Several  thousand  sheep  are  annually  fed  in  the  district  around  Eminence. 

Crops.  Corn  and  wheat  take  precedence  of  all  others.  The  amount  of  wheat  raised  in  this 
county  the  present  year  is  more  than  double  that  of  any  preceding  year.  It  is  estimated  by 
good  judges  that  the  number  of  bushels  raised  for  market  will  not  fall  short  of  200,000.  To 
bacco  is  cultivated  to  a  considerable  extent  on  the  hilly  lands  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  county. 

Minerals  and  Mineral  Waters.  Of  the  first,  none  have  been  found  in  quantities  worth 
mentioning.  Of  mineral  waters,  we  have  springs,  generally  of  sulphur  and  salt  water,  scat 
tered  over  the  county.  But  the  most  noted  and  extensive  are  the  Drenuon  Springs,  now  owned 
by  Mr   Writhe.      1  he  principal  springs  are  of  black  and  white  sulphur  and  salt. 

Manufactures — Very  deficient  in  them.  None  worth  naming.  A  good  field  for  an  enter- 
prising man.  who  has  experience  in  any  branch  of  manufacturing  business  suited  to  the  coun- 
try 

Navigarle  Water?.  The  Kentucky  river  is  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  county  for  twenty 
miles,  and  is  navigable  at  almost  all  seasons.     The    county  is  most  fortunately  located,  with 

35 


546  REPORT  OF  THE 

reference  to  the  large  cities.     The  river  on  one  aide  and  the  railroad  on  the  other  gives  us  ad- 
vantages to  market  possessed  by  but  few  counties. 

As  items  of  general  interest,  I  may  mention  that  a  good  deal  of  attention  has  been  paid  to 
fruit  growing  in  Henry.  Every  farmer  of  character  in  his  profession  has  an  orchard  of  choice 
iruits.  Some  attention  is  being  bestowed  on  the  grape  and  wine  culture,  by  several  enterpris- 
ing citizens.  These  efforts  are  yet  in  their  infancy,  with  the  exception  of  Mr.  Ed  Berry,  of 
Sligo,  who  reports  very  favorably  of  his  success.  Mr.  Jos.  Blinker,  of  Newcastle, has  experi- 
mented with  the  Chinese  Sugar  Cane  quite  successfully  this  season.  He  made  and  soli  over 
one  thousand  gallons  of  molasses,  at  fifty  cents  per  gallon.  His  intention  is  to  cultivate  more 
largely  next  season. 

With  these  meager  items  of  information,  merely  stated  without   elaboration  or  embellish- 
ment, 1  subscribe  n.yself,  Yours,  respectfully, 

R.  W.  Scott,  Esq.  Z.  F.  SMITH. 


- 

REPORT  FROM  HOPKINS  COUNTY. 

Hopkins  County,  Nov.  2,  1857. 
Robert  W.  Scott,  Corresponding  Secretary,  SfC. 

According  to  your  request  we  submit  the  following   statements,  as  regards  the  soil,  pro- 
ducts, minerals,  &c,  of  Hopkins  county. 

Our  county  is  forty  miles  in  length  and  twenty  six  in  breadth,  making  an  area  of  1,040 
square  miles,  or  665,600  square  acres,  with   about  an  eighth  of  the  whole  in  cultivation. 

It  is  bordered  on  the  North  east  by  Green  river  for  fifteen  miles,  and  on  the  East  by  Pond 
fiver  for  twenty  five  miles,  and  on  the  West  by  Trade  water.  Green  river  is  navigable  for 
small  steamers  at  all  seasons;  Pond  river  for  flats  and  rafts  throughout  the  winter  and  spring; 
Trade  water  is  also  navigable  for  small  crafts  and  rafts  for  forty  miles,  during  the  winter  and 
spring. 

At  least  one  sixth  of  our  lands  are  mineral.  There  are  100,000  acres  of  as  fine  Bituminous 
and  Cannel  coal  as  Nereis  in  the  West. 

Our  county  may  be  divided  into  three  classes  of  land.  Ridge,  or  hill  land;  bottom,  or  flat 
land;  and  between  these  extremes  are  large  bodies  of  land  neither  hill  nor  flat,  but  rolling 
enough  to  keep  well  drained,  and  level  enough  for  all  practical  farming. 

The  trees  of  our  hill  lands  are  hickory,  white  and  black  oak,  and  a  variety  of  poplars;  the 
undergrowth,  dogwood  and  redbud.  On  the  bottoms  of  the  small  streams  that  head  in  these 
hill  lands  are  sugartree  and  beech,  mixed  with  the  other  growth  of  the  hills.  These  lauds 
are  well  ad tpted  to  raising  sheep,  and  produce  well.  They  are  bedded  upou  limestoue.  To- 
bacco, corn,  and  oats,  are  the  principal  crops;  but,  we  do  not  think  it  yields  as  well  per  acre 
as  the  rolling  or  the  flat  land. 

Our  rolling  lands  may  be  called  the  farming  portion  of  our  county.  The  soil  is  based  upon 
reddish  yellow  clay  foundation,  and  for  productiveness  it  cannot  be  beat,  unless  by  the  Ohio 
river  bottom  lands.  We  suppose  it  may  be  called  a  free  stone  soil,  though  occasionally  we 
see  a  stratum  of  limestone.  The  trees  of  these  lands  are  hickory,  blackgum,  and  every  va- 
riety of  oak.  The  undergrowth,  redbud,  mulberry,  and  dogwood.  Tobacco,  corn,  oits,  ;nl 
wheat  are  produced,  as  good  as  can  be  raised  anywhere.  The  best  grasses  on  these  lauds 
are  clover,  timothy,  orchard,  and  redtop.  We  have  never  fully  tested  the  blue  grass;  but.,  as 
an  evidence  that  it  might  do  well,  all  our  old  fields  '.ha-,  are  turned  <  ut  are  soon  c'.otied  with  a 
beautiful  blue  grass  sod.  It  is  a  spontaneous  grass  in  our  wood-*,  particularly  around  the 
roots  of  walnut  trees,  and  in  all  cultivated  lands,  in  the  fence  corners  it  makes  its  appearance. 
This  land  also  is  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  growth  of  vegetables.  Irish  potatoes,  cabbies, 
turnips,  i-w  et  potatoes,  beets;  in  fact,  ev^ry  variety  of  vegciblej,  do  well.  A  ne  gYo  r  of  <  u;i 
raised  a  beet  that  was  seventeen  inches  in  circumference,  and  long  in  proportion.  Potatoes 
are  as  fine  as  can  be  mit-e  1  anywhere. 


STATE    AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  547 

Our  third  class  land  may  be  called  flat  or  bottom  land.  The  trees  in  these  lands  are  every 
variety  of  oak,  honey  locust,  walnut,  scaly  bark  hickory,  black  ash,  and  elm.  The  undergrowth 
pawpaw  and  spice,  and  there  is  the  large  sweet  gum  on  a  large  portion  of  it.  There  is  also 
a  peculiar  species  of  white  oak,  commonly  called  overcup,  which  is  used  for  staves  and  ship 
timbers.  It  grows  to  the  size  of  five  feet  in  diameter.  As  an  instance  of  the  value  of  this 
timber,  there  was  one  tree,  which,  after  paying  all  expenses,  netted  the  company  $175.  It 
was  gotten  out  by  a  New  Albany  company.  It  grows  in  great  abundance  in  our  bottom 
lands. 

Our  rich  black  flats  (we  believe)  are  destined  to  be  the  very  best  farming  lands  in  our 
county.     Some  experiments  have  been  made  and  have  been  very  successful. 

Tobacco  is  our  staple  product.  Its  average  is  1,0^0  pounds  to  the  acre.  One  hand  is  ca- 
pable of  tending  four  acres  of  tobacco,  and  raise  grain  sufficient  to  support  his  family.  The 
price  of  labor  by  the  day  is,  on  an  average,  one  dollar  per  day.  By  the  month,  from  $15  to 
$20.     The  average  price  for  a  negro  man  is  $175  per  year. 

Tobacco  engages  too  much  attention.  However,  our  farmers  are  beginning  to  see  that  stock 
raising  is  as  profitable  as  tobacco,  and  much  less  trouble.  Their  attention  is  being  turned  to 
raising  cattle,  hogs  and  mules. 

Our  county  Agricultural  Fairs  are  having  a  very  happy  effect,  and  will,  in  time,  awaken  a 
feeling  of  pride,  as  well  as  interest,  in  all  our  producers. 

As  to  steam  power,  we  have  five  or  six  steam  mills,  but  as  yet  we  dont  use  steam  in  our 
farm  machinery.  We  have  every  variety  of  farm  machinery,  but  all  is  driven  by  horse- 
power. 

Our  county  has  been  rather  backward  in  the  way  of  education;  but  in  this  respect  we  are 
daily  improving.  At  our  county  seat  we  have  a  first  rate  institution  for  females;  a  classical 
school  for  our  youth,  and  several  schools  for  boys.  The  common  school  commissioners  have 
laid  out  our  county  into  districts.  There  are  over  one  hundred  schools  now  in  operation,  with 
between  three  and  four  thousand  children  to  be  benefitted  by  the  law.  For  a  more  correct 
opinion  we  will  refer  you  to  the  report  of  commissioners  on  common  school". 

R.  DUNVILLE, 
R.  G.SAMUEL. 


REPORT  FROM  LETCHER  COUNTY. 

Whitesburg,  September  25,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  K.  S.  A.  Society: 

Dear  Sir: — In  compliance  with  your  request  I  shall  attempt  to  answer  the  eighth  sec- 
tion of  your  circular. 

Location.  Letcher  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  Virginia,  and  is  situated  amongst  the  moun- 
tains. 

Soil.  Our  soil  is  merely  a  medium  soil,  producing  of  corn  from  twenty-five  to  fifty  bushels 
to  the  acre,  without  manure.  Wheat  from  twenty  to  forty  bushels,  according  to  the  care  and 
management  of  the  farmers. 

Stock.  Horses,  mules,  sheep,  hogs,  and  cattle,  are  raised  to  some  extent,  the  sales  of  which, 
for  the  past  year,  I  suppose  would  amount  to  $10,000. 

Minerals.  Salt  and  and  coal  greatly  abound;  our  coal  mines  are  innumerable,  and  iron 
abounds  in  the  mountains.  Mineral  waters,  such  as  chalybeate  and  sulphur  springs  are  found  in 
various  places. 

Timber.  Sugar  tree,  beech,  black  walnut,  hickory,  ash,  wild  cherry,  poplar,  and  oakp 
abound  to  any  illimitable  extent. 

Water  power.  Grist  mills  and  saw  mills  are  all  driven  by  water  power  only  in  our  county. 
The  navigable  waters  are  the  North  Fork  of  Kentucky  river  and  Rorkhouae  Foik;  Cair's 
Fork,  and  Troublesome;  (all  branches  of  the  North  Fork.) 


548  REPORT  OF  THE 

Our  coal,  is  located  in  the  banks  and  beds  of  the  creeks  and  branches,  and  I  see  indications 
of  coal  in'  the  moantains,  but  there  has  never  been  any  search  made  for  it.  It  is  not  used  but 
very  little  as  fuel.  The  amount  in  this  county  appears  to  be  inexhaustable,  and  can  be  procur- 
ed at  the  mines  for  a  trifle;  but  the  getting  it  to  market  would  be  almost  impossible,  for  none 
of  our  streams  are  navigable  for  boats  with  such  heavy  carriage;  although  they  have  been  de- 
clared navigable  thev  are  nothing  but  small  creeks  and  mountain  torrents.  Timber  might  be 
floated  down  to  their  confluence  with  the  North  Fork  of  the  Kentucky  river,  and  then  rafted  if 
the  sale  would  justify  the  labor.  There  appears  to  be  plenty  of  iron  ore  in  the  mountains,  but 
it  has  never  been  examined.  There  are  no  iron  works  in  any  of  these  mountain  counties,  con- 
sequently we  have  no  use  for  iron  ore.  There  is  but  one  salt  well  in  this  county,  and  it  does 
not  make  a  sufficiency  for  the  demand  at  home.  This  is  owing  to  the  want  of  enterprise  in 
our  citizens;  for  there  are  various  places  where  salt  might  be  found,  as  appears  from  incrusta- ; 
tions  of  salt  on  the  rocks  in  dry  weather,  and  other  indications. 

It  is  supposed  that  silver  might  be  obtained  in  the  Cumberland  mountains.  I  have  seen 
some  kind  of  ore  obtained  there  which  is  supposed  to  be  silver,  but  there  is  no  person  here  ac- 
quainted with  the  art  seperating  the  metal,  be  it  what  it  may. 

There  are  some  very  curious  specimens  of  petrifications  here.  I  have  found  upon  the 
top  of  a  ridge  a  limestone,  and  uiion  breaking  it,  shells  of  various  marine  shell  fish  were 
found,  from  the  size  of  one  fourth  of  an  inch  to  two  inches  in  diameter.  But  this  is  getting 
from  the  subject  upon  which  you  want  information. 

I  will  just  add,  that  the  want  of  navigable  streams  almost  precludes  the  possibility  of  our 
coal,  iron,  or  timberever  reaching  you,  and  until  there  is  a  greater  spirit  of  enterprise  in  our 
citizens  the  project  never  will  be  attempted.  Our  little  streams  are  all  crossed  by  mill  dams, 
and  all  run  in  such  zigzag  courses,  that  it  would  require  a  great  deal  of  labor  before  an  attempt 
could  be  made  to  navigate  them.     Excuse  the  awkwardness  of  my  remarks. 

I  remain  yours,  &c, 

A.  D.  HALE. 


REPORT  FROM    LEWIS  COUNTY. 

Clarksburg,  September  17,  1857. 
Rout.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Ky.  S.  A.  Society. 

Dear  Sir:  Yours  of  the  11th  ult.  has  been  received.  I  very  much  approve  of  the  State 
Agricultural  Society,  of  which  you  are  Corresponding  Secretary. 

It  is  true  that  tiiere  is  no  Agricultural  Society  in  our  county,  but  we  are  connected  with  the 
"North  Kentucky  Agricultural  Association,"  composed  of  the  counties  of  Mason,  Lewis  and 
Fleming.  If  I  can  be  of  any  service  to  you,  as  an  individual,  in  forwarding  the  interest  of 
the  State  'Agricultural  Society,  it  shall  be  cordially  given. 

Our  Society  commences  its  first  exhibition  on  its  fair  grounds,  near  the  city  of  Maysville,  on 
the  13th  day  of  October  next,  the  same  day  upon  which  the  State  Fair  commences. 

Our  county,  Lewis,  lies  directly  above  Mason,  on  the  Ohio  River,  38°  35'  north  latitude, 
and  for  some  forty  miles  it  borders  on  the  Ohio  River.  The  soil  is  neither  very  rich  nor  poor; 
partly  lime  stone  (which  is  the  best  portion,)  and  partly  free  stone.  The  free  stone  portion 
lies  South  east,  and  is  generally  hilly  and  broken,  and  only  good  for  the  timber  and  tan-bark 
which  grow  upon  it  in  great  abundance  There  are  also  some  very  fine  stone  quarries  upon 
the  same,  near  the  river — the  finest  quality  of  free  stone.  Grape  is  being  cultivated  on  the 
hills  with  good  success.  Our  crops  are  principally  Indian  corn,  wheat,  oats,  and  tobacco — all 
of  which  succeed  and  do  well.  Our  stock  is  principally  hogs  and  cattle;  also,  some  horses, 
mules,  aud  sheep.  We  have  never,  as  yet,  succeeded  in  finding  minerals  in  any  quantity,  al- 
though it  is  believed  there  is  plenty  of  good  iron  ore  in  our  hill  lands.  We  have  a  great  many 
mineral  springs  throughout  the  county,  chiefly  chalybeate  and  white  sulphur.  Salt  was  made, 
at  one  time,  in  great  abundance  near  Vanceburg,   hut   was  abandoned  in  consequence  of  the 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  S0CIE1Y.  549 

- 
cheapness  of  the  article.  Our  timber  is  principally  oak,  poplar,  sugar  tree,  and  beech,  and 
the  chestnut  and  chestnut  oak.  We  have  no  manufactures  in  our  county  of  any  note.  The  tan- 
ing  business  is  carried  on  to  some  extent.  The  Ohio  river,  as  before  alluded  to,  is  the  only 
navigable  stream  to  our  county.  There  are  a  great  many  fine  creeks  through  our  county,  and 
some  mills  upon  them.  There  are  several  steam  saw  mills  in  the  county,  which  saw  lumber  for 
the  Cincinnati  market.  Very  respectfully, 

GEO.  T.  HALBERT. 


REPORT  FROM  LOGAN  COUNTY. 

RuSSELLVILLE,    NOVEMBER    16,    1857. 

R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Kentucky  Stale  Agricultural  Society: 

Dear  Sir:  I  received  your  letter  of  the  9th  inst..  and  circular,  and  hasten  to  comply  with 
your  request.  It  would  be  a  matter  of  regret,  indeed,  if  Logan  county  should  be  left  out  of 
your  Report,  and  I  am  sorry  that  a  description  of  it  has  not  devolved  upon  one  more  compe- 
tent to  the  task  than  myself.  If  I  had  more  time  I  might  have  gone  more  into  details,  which 
perhaps  would  have  been  more  satisfactory.     I  shall  now  endeavor  to  be  brief,  but  accurate. 

Logan  county  is  located  in  what  is  familiarly  known  as  the  Green  River  country.  The  wa- 
ters of  the  northern  portion  of  the  county  are  tributary  to  Green  river,  and  those  of  the  south- 
ern to  Red  river,  thence  to  the  Cumberland. 

The  northern  part  of  the  county  is  undulating  and  broken,  but  contains  many  rich  and  cul- 
tivated tracts  of  land;  it  is  heavily  timbered,  finely  watered,  and  by  no  means  sparsely  settled. 

The  southern  portion  is  level,  extremely  fertile,  highly  cultivated,  densely  populated,  well 
watered,  but  not  heavily  timbered,  except  along  the  valleys  of  Red  river  and  of  some  smaller 
streams.     The  subsoil  of  Logan  is  red  clay. 

There  are  many  mineral  springs  in  the  county,  the  most  prominent  of  which  are  Buena 
Vista,  Cerro  Gordo  and  Bee  Lick.  Some  of  these  are  fashionable  resorts  during  the  sum- 
mer months,  and  in  a  medical  sense  are  (I  presume,)  inferior  to  none  in  the  country.  Our 
staple  commodities  are  wheat,  corn,  tobacco,  and  hogs.  We  also  annually  raise  a  large  num- 
ber of  horses,  mules,  cattle  and  sheep. 

There  are  many  very  superior  mills  situated  on  Red  river,  and  in  other  parts  of  the  county, 
which  turn  out  large  quantities  of  the  best  quality  of  flour,  most  of  which  finds  a  market  at 
Nashville.  Respectfulry,   &c,  GEO.  R.  BIBB. 


REPORT  FROM  MADISON  COUNTY. 

AGRICULTURAL  AND  STATISTICAL. 

To  the  Kentucky  Slate  Agricultural  Society: 

Madison  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  productive  counties  in  the  State,  and  has  a  popu- 
lation unsurpassed  in  energy,  economy,  and  intelligence.  It  is  bounded  on  the  North  by  the 
counties  of  Jessamine,  Fayette,  Clarke,  and  Estill,  and  is  separated  from  these  counties  by 
the  Kentucky  river,  except  a  part  of  the  latter  county;  on  the  East  by  portions  of  Estill,  Ows 
ley,  Laurel,  and  Rockcastle  counties;  on  the  South  by  Garrard  and  Rockcastle;  and  on  the 
West  by  Garrard  and  Jessamine. 

Soil.  There  are  several  varieties  of  soil  in  the  county.  The  Western  portion  is  quite  broken 
and  hilly,  not  to  an  extent,  however,  to  prevent  its  cultivation  and  productiveness;  the  soil  of 
this  part  is  generally  rich,  and  produces  nearly  every  description  of  crop  usual  in  this  climate, 
jO  an  extent  that  is  quite  remunerative  to  the  cultivator.  Sandstone  is  found  at  no  great  depth 
below  the  surface,  by  which  the  productiveness  of  the  soil  is  much  aided,  because  of  the  great 
amount  of  moisture  absorbed  by  this  species  of  stone  during  the  winter  and  spring,  and  which 


;5o 


REPORT  OF  THE 


it  imparts  to  the  soil  during  the  dry  portions  of  the  summer  and  autum.  Limestone  prevails 
beneath  the  sandstone,  and  that  part  of  the  latter  nearest  the  surface  is  frequently  found  to  be 
soft. 

The  central  portion  of  the  county  is  mainly  composed  of  rich  soil;  is  generally  undulating 
yet  not  broken  to  an  inconvenient  extent,  and  is  very  productive;  is  mainly  owned  by  wealthy 
farmers  extensively  engaged  in  stock  farming,  and  is  not  so  densely  populated  as  other  sec- 
tions of  the  county.  The  farms  are  large  and  are  principally  cultivated  by  slave  labor,  where- 
as other  parts  of  the  county  are  mostly  cultivated  by  white  labor  and  the  farms  are  smaller. 

The  Eastern  end  of  the  county  is  composed  of  land  unequal  in  point  of  soil  to  the  sections 
described;  though  a  large  part  of  it  lies  much  better.  The  soil  is  reasonably  productive;  it  is 
very  fine  wheat  laud,  but  does  not  stand  the  drouth  so  well  as  other  portions  of  the  county;  it, 
however,  produces  very  well  when  the  season  is  good,  and  its  productiveness  might  be  greatly 
increased  by  proper  sub  soil  plowing. 

Timber.  Walnut,  locust,  red  elm,  white  and  black  ask,  beech,  white  and  black  hickory,  red, 
black  and  white  oak,  wild  cherry,  and  poplar,  are  abundant  in  the  county,  with  varioas  other 
growths,  and  in  a  small  section  of  the  county  a  considerable  quantity  of  cedar,  which  is  exten- 
sively used  by  farmers  in  making  post  fences. 

Orchards.  The  citizens  of  Madison  have  not  paid  that  attention  to  the  planning  and  culti- 
vating of  orchards,  and  to  the  selection  of  fruit,  which  some  other  portions  of  the  State  have 
done.  There  has,  hewever,  of  late  been  an  increasing  disposition  to  obtain  the  best  kinds  of 
fruit  trees,  and  to  rear  up  fine  orchards. 

Of  ordinary  seasons  an  abundance  of  apples,  plums,  some  pears,  peaches,  and  cherries  are 
produced  in  the  county  for  domestic  consumption,  of  which  fruits  a  considerable  part  are  of 
improved  varieties. 

Cider  is  not  made  in  that  abundance,  nor  is  the  quality  such  as  is  desirable.  Some  apple  and 
peach  brandy  of  excellent  quality  is  manufactured. 

Gardens.  There  are  numerous  good  gardens  in  the  county,  and  the  taste  for  gardening  is 
rapidly  increasing. 

Poultry.  The  production  of  poultry  is  very  great,  and  considerably  exceeds  the  home  con- 
sumption. 

Minerals.  Limestone  prevails  in  nearly  every  portion  of  the  county,  and  of  a  quality  suit- 
ed to  the  demands  of  the  community. 

Hydraulic  stone  is  found  in  abundance  in  the  bluffs  of  the  Kentucky  river,  near  the  mouth  of 
Red  river,  and  will  at  some  future  day  prove  to  be  quite  serviceable  in  furnishing  water  proof 
lime.  Men  of  science  have  pronounced  it  to  be  of  a  superior  quality;  and  there  has  been  some 
talk  of  erecting  the  necessary  machinery  for  the  manufacture  of  the  lime — none  such  has  yet 
been  erected. 

There  is  a  small  quantity  of  slate  rock  in  the  county,  and  some  Bituminous  Coal  fields;  the 
latter  lie  about  fifteen  miles  East  of  Richmond,  and  have  been  but  little  worked.  They  will 
probably  turn  out  to  be  quite  valuable.  White  Sulphur  Springs  are  numerous  in  the  county. 
One  of  superior  quality,  to  which  there  is  an  increasing  resort,  some  fourteen  miles  East  of 
Richmond,  now  owned  and  occupied  by  Thomas  Francis,  Jr.  The  improvements  at  this  spring 
are  not  extensive;  the  accommodations,  however  are  genteel,  and  when  more  extensively  and 
better  improved  will  probably  be  a  place  of  great  resort.  It  is  situated  in  a  salubrious  part  of 
the  country,  the  scenery  around  it  is  fine  and  the  premises  well  shaded. 

Crops  and  production.  Blue  grass  is  extensively  cultivated  in  the  county,  and  its  produc- 
tion is  rapidly  increasing;  it  is  one  of  the  great  sources  of  wealth.  This  grass  prospers  well 
on  lands  that  are  too  broken  for  cultivation,  and  stock  are  fonder  of  this  grass  grown  on  hill 
sides  than  on  the  flat  or  level  lands. 

Formerly  that  part  of  the  soil  which  was  not  cultivated  with  the  plow  was  generally  unpro- 
ductive, and  the  proprietor  burdened  with  taxes  without  remuneration;  now  this  portion  of  the 
and,  when  well  set  in  grass,  is  nearly  as  profitable  as  that  which  is  well  cultivated  by  manual 
abor. 


STATE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  551 

Red  clover  is  also  extensively  cultivated,  and  when  sown  with  timothy  is  highly  serviceable 
to  stock;  it  is  an  early  crop — matures  every  year  before  blue  grass  should  properly  be  grazed. 
This  description  of  clover  is  moreover  valuable  in  fertilizing  the  soil.  When  mixed  with 
timothy,  red  clover  makes  most  excellent  hay,  and  is  vastly  superior  to  the  hay  made  of  timo- 
thy alone;  the  latter  being  too  dry  and  harsh,  and  calculated  to  engender  constipation  in  stock- 
White  clover  was  once  cultivated  to  a  considerable  extent,  but  its  production  has,  in  a  great 
measure,  been  abandoned. 

Timothy  is  extensively  cultivated  in  this  county,  and  is  cut  for  winter  food.  It  is  moreover 
sown  with  red  clover  and  blue-grass  for  the  purposes  of  pasturage — the  timothy  and  clover  for 
two  or  three  years  protecting  the  young  blue  grass,  which  is  a  dainty,  tender  grass  in  its  youth, 
and  the  clover  and  timothy  after  the  first  year  become  excellent  pasture,  while  in  a  few  years 
the  blue  grass  roots  out  the  others.     Other  grasses  are  very  little  cultivated  in  this  county. 

Cereals.  Various  kinds  of  cereals  are  extensively  cultivated.  Indian  corn  is  produced  in 
immense  quantities — its  culture  being,  perhaps,  better  understood  in  this  than  in  any  other 
county  in  the  State.  The  crop  is  mainly  consumed  by  the  immense  quantity  of  stock  raised 
and  matured.  A  small  portion  of  it  is  manufactured  into  whisky,  and  some  part  of  it  is  con- 
sumed in  furnishing  bread  for  the  citizens.  It  is  generally  considered  that  yellow  corn  is  the 
most  nutritious  for  stock,  and  is  preferred  by  distillers;  white  corn  makes  the  nicest  bread  and 
hominy. 

Wheat,  rye,  and  oats,  are  largely  produced  in  the  county,  mainly  and  nearly  exclusively  for 
domestic  consumption. 

Red  and  white  wheat  of  different  varieties  are  cultivated.  Scarcely  any  spring  wbeat  is 
grown.  Ground,  by  our  best  farmers,  is  prepared  for  wheat  by  deep  sub  soil  plowing — a  depth 
of  ten  or  fifteen  inches  is  profitable.  This  protects  the  wheat  from  injury  from  deep  freezes 
in  the  winter.  The  roots  of  wheat  never  reach  to  the  depth  of  this  kind  of  plowing,  and  if 
the  ground  is  thrown  up  by  a  freeze  it  always  goes  to  the  depth  of  the  furrow,  and  much  be 
low  the  end  of  the  root,  and  hence  the  soil  is  drawn  up  to  protect  the  root  ar?d  thus  prevent 
the  decay  of  the  wheat.  At  an  early  day  the  Hessian  fly  injured  the  crop  frequently;  of  lat- 
ter years  it  has  seldom  molested  it.  Smut  and  rust  are  now  its  great  enemies  before  it  is  har- 
vested. 

To  avoid  this  wheat  is  sown  early,  that  the  crop  may  be  harvested  before  the  rainy  season 
in  the  month  of  June,  which  usually  sets  in  about  the  20th,  and  is  sure  to  produce  rust  where- 
ever  there  is  a  predisposition  to  that  malady  in  the  stalk.  Some  think  the  remedy  for  smut  is 
in  the  selection  of  the  best  developed  healthy  grains  for  seed,  and  to  sow  it  on  undulating  land. 

After  the  wheat  crop  is  harvested,  the  weevil  is  its  greatest  foe,  and  to  prevent  the  grain 
from  being  injured  by  it  is  a  matter  of  no  little  difficulty. 

Oats  exhausts  the  soil  on  which  it  is  grown,  and  ist  on  that  account,  no  great  favorate  with 
our  farmers;  yet  considerable  quantities  of  it  are  raised,  as  it  is  very  fine  for  young  stock  and 
milch  cows  in  the  winter,  and  for  beasts  of  burden  in  the  summer.  It  is,  moreover,  a  kinder 
food  for  animals  than  Indian  corn;  it  is  not  so  heating,  nor  so  injurious  to  the  usefulness  and 
jongevity  of  the  latter. 

Rye  is  a  favorate  crop  with  many  farmers;  is  considered  profitable  to  the  soil  on  which  it  is 
grown;  is  very  nutritious  for  young  stock  in  the  winter  and  spring,  when  green,  and  when  dry 
goes  further  to  nourish  and  sustain  stock,  in  the  latter  part  of  winter,  than  any  other  food,  and 
causes  horses  and  mules  to  shed  off  early  in  the  spring.  It  is  generally  cut  up,  grain  and 
straw  together,  and  fed  to  stock,  and  its  beard  is  profitable,  when  fed  in  this  manner,  in  de- 
stroying worms  and  bots  in  animals. 

Very  little  attention  is  given  to  the  culture  of  barley  or  buckwheat. 

Potatoes.  Large  quantities  of  Irish  potatoes  for  domestic  use  are  cultivated  in  every  part 
of  this  county,  in  numerous  varieties.  The  potato  crop  is  a  most  usual  one.  The  soil  of  the 
county,  except  that  portion  of  it  in  which  the  sandstone  formation  prevails,  and  some  bottoms 
near  the  river,  is  not  well  suited  to  the  production  of  sweet  potatoes;  they  are,  however  culti- 
vated, to  a  limited  extent,  on  nearly  every  farm.     Yams  are  produced  in  small  quantities. 


552  REPORT  OF  THE 

Cabbages.  Of  numerous  varieties  are  grown  on  almost  every  farm,  for  family  consumption, 
as  well  as  turnips,  tomatoes,  radishes,  beets,  carrots,  &c. 

Many  of  our  citizens  cultivate  the  English  grapes  and  currants,  and,  in  addition  to  their  or- 
dinary consumption,  manufacture  from  them  a  clever  wine  for  domestic  use. 

Straw  and  raspberries  are  produced  in  abundance  and  of  many  varieties.  So  are  beans  and 
peas. 

Stock. — The  great  staples  of  Madison  are  mules  and  hor3es,  cattle  and  swine.  Formerly  tobac- 
co was  the^  great  staple  of  the  county.  Its  production  has  been  decreasing  for  more  than  thirty 
years;  and  at  this  time  there  is  scarcely  a  hogshead  grown  in  the  county  for  market.  Hemp 
was  once  cultivated  for  market,  to  a  considerable  extent,  and  there  were  several  large  manu- 
facturing establishments  in  the  county — a  large  proportion  of  the  soil  is  now  adapted  to  the 
production  of  each  of  these  articles.  The  cultivation  of  hemp,  like  that  of  tobacco,  has  been 
gradually  declining,  and  at  this  time  there  is  not  a  hemp  factory  in  the  county;  and  very  little, 
if  any,  hemp  for  the  market  grown.  The  causes  of  the  declension  of  these  products  are,  first, 
the  distance  from,  and  the  great  expense  attendant  upon  their  conveyance  to  market.  Aud  as 
it  respects  tobacco,  it  exhausts  and  ruins  the  soil  upon  which  it  is  cultivated;  besides,  the  pro- 
duction of  stock  is  found  to  be  much  more  profitable. 

There  is  very  little  difference  in  the  amount  of  profit  to  the  county,  from  the  sale  of  cattle, 
of  pork,  and  of  horses  and  mules,  counting  the  two  latter  as  one  article.  The  income  from 
these  combined  is  about  half  a  million  of  dollars  annually.  Formerly  a  great  many  horses 
were  produced,  reared,  and  carried  to  market;  the  quantity  has  been  gradually  declining  for 
some  twenty  five  years;  this  has  been  brought  about  by  the  increased  production  of  mules. 

The  Whip  breed  of  horses  is  the  favorite  stock;  they  are  generally  bays,  well  rounded  off, 
and  of  good  constitution.  The  main  objection  to  them  is  that  they  are  a  little  sluggish.  When 
crossed  with  the  Gray  Eagle  stock,  they  make  fine  saddle  and  harness  horses.  Nearly  thirty 
years  ago  there  grew  an  extensive  disposition  in  the  county  to  rear  up  the  Archie  stock  of 
horses.  In  the  course  of  ten  years  it  was  ascertained  that  they  were  not  3uited  to  rough  agri- 
cultural pursuits,  and  were  dwindling  down  in  size  and  power,  and  if  not  stabled  in  the  winter, 
they  surfeited,  and  much  of  the  hair  and  some  of  the  skin  sluffed  off.  They  furthermore 
caused  considerable  demoralization  among  the  youths  of  the  country,  who  soon  learned  t» 
talk  of  race  horses  instead  of  saddle  and  harness  horses,  and  were  drawn  into  the  cump  my  of 
Gport>men  and  gamblers.  Prudent  parents  seeing  this,  turned  their  attention  to  raising  mules, 
a  stock  that  sportsmen  and  gamblers  have  very  little  taste  for,  but  which  are  greatly  more 
profitable  than  race  horses. 

The  farmers  of  this  county  rear  a  great  many  mules.  Some  two  thirds  of  them  are  foaled 
in  the  county,  and  the  others  mostly  in  the  State  of  Indiana,  whither  they  send  their  jacks  and 
purchase  their  produce,  to  be  delivered  at  weaning  time. 

The  produce  of  the  Maltese  stock  of  jacks  is  greatly  preferred — they  are  more  easily  kept, 
better  rounded  off,  and  better  limbed,  and  have  the  most  action. 

The  produce  of  the  Caucasian  jack  are  not  so  well  rounded  off,  or  so  easily  kept.  They  are 
raw  boned,  do  not  stand  well  on  their  limbs,  and  have  not  the  action  or  durability  of  the  other 
stock. 

Jacks  and  jennets  of  this  latter  stock  have  generally  a  stripe  across  their  shoulders,  and  are 
mainly  of  a  mouse  color.  There  are  about  two  thousand  head  of  horses  and  mules  sold  an- 
nually from  this  county. 

Cattle. — There  is  a  right  smart  sprinkle  of  thoroughbred  cattle,  and  probably  more  cattle 
deeply  crossed  with  the  Durham,  in  this  than  in  any  other  county  in  the  btate.  Nine  tenths  o^ 
them  have  more  or  less  crosses  of  the  improved  stock;  there  is  scarcely  a  neighborhood  in 
which  there  is  not  a  bull  deeply  crossed. 

The  spirit  of  improving  the  stock  of  cattle   is  increasing,  and  the  number  of  thoroughbred 
cattle  is  increasing  every  year.     Probably  five  thousand  cattle  are  sold  out  of  Madison  anna 
ally,  averaging  thirty  five  or  forty  dollars  per  head.     Some  are  thoroughly  fatted;  some  heat- 
ed and  grazed;  others  sold  at  two  years  old;  and  a  great  many  when  partially  flatted. 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  00 

The  Durham  stock  is  the  favorite  one  with  us,  and  the  improved  cattle  of  this  county  are 
nearly  all  by  this  stock.  Many  think  that  an  eighth  or  a  sixteenth  of  the  old  Patton  blood  is 
profitable  as  a  cross  with  the  Durham — thereby  increasing  their  size  and  enhancing  their  dura- 
bility and  usefulness,  particularly  as  work  animals.  Few  of  the  late  importations  of  flat,  dish 
faces,  with  woo!  between  the  horns,  have  reached  this  county. 

Swine.  This  stock  is  bred  in  great  numbers,  and  the  citizens  are  much  skilled  in  raising 
them  to  a  good  size.  The  Irish  grazier  is  the  favorite.  The  Berkshire  is  bred  to  some  extent., 
and  so  is  the  Woburn.  The  latter  is  rather  the  longest  in  coming  to  maturity.  Many  years 
ago  the  China  hog  was  bred  to  some  extent.  They  were  easilv  kept  and  fatted;  but  they  did 
uot  attain  suffii  ient  size,  and  their  legs  were  too  short  to  take  them  to  market. 

The  best  farmers  of  the  county  arrange  to  have  their  pigs  come  between  the  middle  of  March 
and  the  middle  of  April — push  them  all  the  time,  and  bring  them  into  market  in  October  and 
November  of  the  next  year,  at  about  eighteen  or  nineteen  months  old.  They  then  average 
about  three  hundred  pounds  gross.  When  we  have  a  succession  of  ordinarily  good  seasons, 
there  are  from  two  thou-and  to  twenty  five  hundred  annually  taken  to  market  from  the  county. 
There  has  been  of  late  years  some  tendency  towards  a  decrease  of  the  number  of  hogs,  and 
au> increase  in  the  number  of  cattle.  The  former  are  fed  mainly  on  corn,  and  hence  then- 
rearing  deteriorates  the  land  more;  indeed  the  rearing  of  cattle  rather  favors  the  improvement 
of  land.  The  general  impression,  however,  is  that  mules  and  hogs  are  more  profitable  stock 
than  catlle  Less  capital  is  required  in  rearing  hogs  than  mules  or  cattle,  and  hence  persons 
of  limited  means  are  compelled  to  rear  swine. 

Farmers  prefer  that  rnule  colts  should  come  in  April  or  May,  and  calves  about  the  same 
period. 

Sows  that  have  pigs  in  March  or  April,  are  generally  spayed  in  Mav  or  early  in  June,  and 
then  fatted  for  the  market  in  October  or  November. 

Cows  are  generally  fatted  and  sold  for  the  Cincinnati  or  Louisville  market  at  seven  or  eight 
years  old,  and  before  they  begin  to  decline  much,  unless  they  are  of  a  favorite  stock. 

Oxen  are  fatted  at  six  or  seven  years  old,  and  sold  by  the  best  farmers,  and  fresh  ones  broken 
at  two  and  three  years  old-  and  in  this  way  the  owner  is  remunerated  by  the  increased  size  of 
his  animal,  as  well  as  by  the  labor  done  for  the  food  consumed. 

Work  mules  are  often  sold  at  four  or  five  years  old  for  forty  or  fifty  dollars  more  than  they 
would  have  brought  the  summer  or  winter  after  they  are  two  years  old,  and  fresh  ones  broken 
for  farm  purposes. 

Sheep.  Formerly  there  were  great  numbers  of  sheep  grazed  in  this  county.  The  number 
has  been  declining  for  twenty  years  More  wool  is  produced  in  the  county  than  meets  the  do 
me  tic  demand.  A  small  number  of  sheep  are  taken  to  market  as  mutton.  Formerly  Merino 
was  the  favorite  stock;  of  latter  years  the  Bakewell  and  Cotswold  and  Southdown  breeds  have 
become  favorites,  and  at  present  the  Leicester  seems  to  be  gaining  the  ascendancy  among  the 
most  intelligent  farmers. 

Madison  County,  Ky.,  June,  1857.  SQUIRE  TURNER. 


REPORT  FROM    MASON  COUNTY. 

Prospect  Hill,  August  24,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Ken.  State  Agricultural  Society: 

Mason  county  is  small  but  very  compact,  as  you  will  observe  from  the  map  of  Kentucky.  It 
is  bounded  on  the  North  by  the  Ohio  river,  on  the  West, by  Bracken  county;  on  the  South,  by 
Nicholas;  on  the  South  east  by  Fleming;  and  on  the  East  by  Lewis.  The  soil  is  generally' 
in  its  natural  state,  of  the  first  quality  of  Kentucky  land.  And  the  larger  proportion  lies  well 
for  farming  purposes.  The  North  fork  of  Licking  heads  in  the  upper  part  of  this  county,  and 
runs  nearly  through  the  center  of  the  county,  in  a  South-western  direction.     The  land  border- 


554  REPORT  OF  THE 

ing  on  the  Ohio,  and  on  the  North  fork,  is  considerably  broken,  but  is  generally  rich  and  well 
adapted  to  the  production  of  blue  grass,  and  consequently  can  be  more  profitably  applied  to 
grazing  stock  than  the  production  of  corn,  wheat,  barley,  tobacco,  &c.  These  products  all 
flourish  very  finely  on  our  level  as  well  as  on  our  hilly  lands;  but  by  the  cultivation  of  these 
crops  on  our  hilly  land,  much  of  our  rich  soil  is  carried  off  by  washing  rains.  Farmers  are  be- 
ginning to  turn  their  attention  to  a  more  extensive  raising  of  stock-cattle,  horses,  mules  and 
sheep.  By  doing  so,  they  can  appropriate  their  hilly  land  to  pastures  and  meadows,  and  thus 
prevent  the  loss  of  much  valuable  soil,  by  washing  rains.  Indeed  our  lands,  that  lie  sufficient- 
ly level  for  cultivation,  have  generally  been  too  much  appropriated  to  the  raising  of  grain  crops, 
and  tobacco.  And  hence,  in  process  of  time,  they  must  become  less  productive.  The  reme- 
dy for  this  is  to  alternate  clover  with  grain  and  tobacco  crops.  This  necessarily  leads  to  a  more 
extensive  system  of  grazing.  Every  farmer  should  use  his  utmost  efforts  to  prevent  a  deterio- 
ration of  his  soil.  By  doing  so  he  may  safely  calculate  that  there  will  be  no  falling  off  in  hie 
crops,  or  the  value  of  his  land.  By  a  too  constant  cultivation  of  land,  in  grain  and  tobacco 
crops,  the  soil  becoras  less  and  less  productive;  and  of  coarse  less  and  less  valuable;  and  finally 
is  said  to  be  worn  out.  But  in  truth  it  is  only  exhausted  of  those  ingredients,  which  serve  as 
food  for  plants.  The  true  system  of  farming  is  to  restore  to  the  land  as  much  of  those  ingredi- 
ents as  is  taken  from  the  soil,  by  growing  crops.  Stock  raising  is  the  principal  and  the  cheapest 
means  of  doing  so.  This  together  with  the  application  of  manures,  and  a  judicious  rotation  of 
crops,  will  secure  permanance  to  the  natural  fertility  of  our  soil. 

The  timber  of  our  Mason  lands  is  such  as  is  found  on  the  rich  land  of  Kentucky  generally. 
On  the  poorer  points  of  ridges,  approaching  the  Ohio,  the  North  fork  of  Licking,  and  their  larger 
tributaries,  there  is  a  mixture  of  white  oak.  The  Ohio  river  is  the  only  navigable  stream. 
The  North  fork  of  Licking  affords  good  water  power  for  milling,  &c,  for  about  one  half  the 
year.  There  are  several  mills  on  this  stream,  calculated  for  water  power,  and  in  which  steam 
power  is  used  when  the  water  fails.  On  some  of  the  smaller  branches  also  mills  are  construct- 
ed to  be  run  alternateley  by  water  and  steam  power.  In  the  city  of  Maysville,  and  upper  or 
east  Maysville  there  is  in  each  a  flouring  mill  run  by  steam  only.  In  the  city  of  Maysville 
there  is  an  extensive  cotton  spining  establishment,  worked  by  steam  power;  also  an  iron  foun- 
dery,  an  extensive  plough  factory,  a  large  carriage  factory,  a  bagging  factory,  (not  now  in  op- 
eration,) a  segar  factory,  plaining  mill,  two  saw  mills  and  an  extensive  tannery. 

In  upper  or  east  Maysville,  besides  a    flouring  steam  mill,  there  is  an  extensive  rope  walk, 
and  a  manufactory  of  oil  from  coal,  just  got  into  operation,  and  it  will  probably  do  a  large  busi 
ness. 

There  is  a  large  steam  flouriug  mill,  at  Dover  on  the  Ohio  river,  the  lower  end  of  the  coun- 
ty. There  are  wool  carding  machines  in  various  parts  of  the  county — Washington,  Lewia- 
burgh,  Murphysville,  &c,  and  corn  mills  on  several  of  the  tributaries  of  the  Ohio  and  North 
fork. 

As  I  have  for  a  number  of  years  been  confined  chiefly  to  my  farm.  I  have  but  little  oppor- 
tunity of  becoming  acquainted  with  the  manufacturing  establishments  in  distant  parts  of  the 
county,  and,  therefore,  cannot  furnish  your  society  with  a  more  complete  list  than  I  have 
given  above.  But  T  hope  its  deficiency  will  be  supplied  by  application  to  our  two  enterprising 
and  useful  agricultural  societies. 

Hoping  to  be  pardoned  for  this  imperfect  compliance  with  your  circular  of  12th  August,  I 
am,  with  high  respect,  Your  obedient  Servant, 

A.  BEATTY. 


REPORT  FROM  MONTGOMERY  COUNTY. 

Montgomery    county  is    the  Piedmont  of  Northern   Kentucky,    extending  on  the  South  and 
South  East  to  the    Red  River  and    Slate  Mountains,    which  separate    this    county  from  the 


STATE    AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  '  555 

county  of  Powell,  on  the  South,  and  from  the  county  of  Bath  on  the  South  East.  Bath  also 
lies  on  the  East,  Bourbon  and  Bath  on  the  North,  and  Clarke  on  the  West. 

Montgomery  county  is  now  quite  small  in  Territory,  the  greater  part  of  Powell  county  hav- 
ing been  takeu  from  it. 

The  soil  of  this  county,  for  fertility,  is  unsurpassed  by  any  other  in  the  State;  indeed,  in 
the  year  1854,  when  the  drought  was  so  great  thro'  the  Wesf,  the  corn  crop  in  Moutg)me  y  was 
much  better  than  in  any  neighboring  county,  which  was  attributed  to  its  greater  depth  of  soil. 
The  limestone  is  abundant,  but  not  so  near  the  surface  as  in  Bourbon,  Clarke  and  Fayette; 
hence  it  is  not  so  accessible,  and  there  is  less  stone  fence  than  in  the  latter  counties. 

The  stock  which  is  raised  consists  of  mules,  cattle,  hogs  and  herses.  The  mules,  hogs,  and 
horses  are  not  inferior  to  any  in  the  State,  the  best  of  such  stock  having  been  selected  many 
years  aga,  and  great  pains  have  been  taken  to  retain  the  best  and  purest  blood.  The  cattle 
are  hardly  equal  to  those  of  Bourbon,  Fayette,  and  Clarke,  though  but  little  inferior  to  tliem. 
The  crops  are  usually  very  abundant — many  believed  the  crops  of  Indian  corn  to  be  superior 
to  those  of  the  last  named  counties.  It  is  believed  that  no  county  in  the  State  raised  so  much 
corn,  in  proportion  to  the  population,  as  Montgomery.  In  consequence  of  the  distance  from 
market,  and  the  want  of  facilities  for  reaching  a  market,  the  quantity  of  wheat  raised  has 
been  but  little  greater,  until  a  year  or  two  past,  than  was  necessary  to  supply  the  demand  at 
home,  but  the  quantity  has  greatly  increased  and  the  soil  is  finely  adapted  to  its  culture. 
Hemp,  some  years  ago,  was  raised  in  considerable  quantities,  but  is  now  almost  wholly  neg- 
lected. 

The  blue  grass  pastures  are  as  handsome  and  fine  as  can  be  found  in  any  other  part  of  the  State- 
The  surface  is  more  undulating  than  that  of  Bourbon,  Fayette,  or  Clarke,  indeed,  much  of 
it  is  rolling  and  hilly. 

There  are  no  mii.erals  of  sufficient  value  to  be  worked,  though  iron  ore  abounds  to  a  con- 
siderable extent,  but  not  in  workable  beds.  There  are  no  mineral  springs  in  the  county,  ex- 
cept perhaps  one  or  two  weak  sulphur  ones. 

The  timber  was  once  abundant,  but  is  now  rather  scarce;  it  consists  of  black  walnut  poplar, 
cherry,  ash,  oak,  and  on  the  south  side  of  the  county  a  narrow  belt  of  pine.  There  are  no 
manufactories  in  the  county,  except  perhaps  a  few  distilleries  of  Bourbon  whisky,  in  a  small 
way.  There  are  no  navigable  waters  in  the  county;  and  the  water  powers  are  not  considerable, 
though  slate  creek  affords  water  with  eligible  sites  for  mills,  and  on  that  stream  there  are  sev- 
eral valuable  mills  for  grinding  wheat  as  well  as  corn.  A  well  informed  farmer  of  Harrison 
county,  in  a  conversation  about  the  superior  corn  crops  in  Montgomery,  in  1854,  remarked  that 
it  was  said  it  bad  been  more  seasonable  in  this  county  than  in  neighboring  ones,  but  the  rea- 
son of  the  better  crops,  in  his  opinion,  was  the  greater  depth  of  soil;  he  said  that  the  soil  was 
perhaps  not  richer  than  other  neighboring  counties,  but  it  was  evidently  deer.  The  two  last 
sales  of  land  that  1  have  heard  of  this  fall  were,  one,  a  mile  or  two  from  town,  at  $80  per 
acre;  and  the  other  four  miles  from  town,  at  $75;  the  improvements  on  both  very  com- 
mon. 

Oct.  22,  1857.  R.  APPERSON. 


REPORT  FROM  NELSON  COUNTY. 

Nelson  countv  is  situated  on  the  waters  of  Salt  river,  and  on  the  Beech  and  Rolling  Forks 
of  Salt  river.  The  Beech  Fork  runs  nearly  through  the  center  of  the  county,  from  south-east 
to  north  we3t,  and  within  one  mile  of  Bardstown,  the  county  seat. 

The  north  east  portion  of  Nelson  is  very  fertile  and  productive,  the  soil  being  what  is  called 
blue  limestone.  The  middle  portion  of  the  county  is  what  is  called  poplar  land,  the  principal 
growth  of  the  forest  being  poplar  and  beech,  and  is  tolerably  productive,  overlaying  what  is 
known  as  the  gray  limestone.  This  belt  runs  across  the  county  from  north-west  to  south-east 
and  is  about  ten  miles  wide. 


556  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  southern  and  western  portions  of  the  county  are  hilly  and  broken,  and  the  soil  quite 
thin.  The  principal  growth  of  the  forest  being  white  oak,  and,  on  the  most  elevated  portions' 
pine  and  chesnut  oak.  The  hills  abound  in  kidney  and  shell  iron  ore  of  the  richest  kind.  One 
furnace  is  in  operation,  making  about  twelve  tons  of  pig  iron  per  da)'. 

The  valleys  of  the  Roiling  Fork  and  Pottinger's  creek  are  very  fertile,  and  adapted  to  the 
growth  of  corn,  the  most  of  which  is  made  into  copper  distilled  whisky. 

The  chief  products  of  the  county  are  hogs,  mules,  catt'e,  and  horses. 

There  are  several  excellent  medical  springs  on  the  extreme  southern  edge  of  the  county, 
from  which  Mr.  Owen,  the  State  Geologist,  has  recently  taken  water  for  the  purpose  of  anali- 
zing. 

An  Agricultural  Association  was  organized  in  this  county  in  1856.  The  Fair  Groin. ds  have 
been  improved  by  the  erection  of  an  amphitheatre,  cottage,  stalls,  wells,  &c,  at  a  cost,  of  about 
$9,000.  Two  Fairs  have  been  held,  both  of  which  were  eminently  successful.  The  effects  of 
this  Association  has  exerted  a  very  decided  and  marked  effect  on  the  farmers  of  this  county 
by  causing  a  spirit  of  impiovement  among  them  in  their  stock,  implements,  &c,  and  a  luudV 
ble  spirit  of  rivalry.  W.  JOtiNSON. 

Mr.  R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  Stale  Agricultural  Society. 


REPORT  FROM  TRIGG  COUNTY,  BY  MR.  A.  S.  DABNEY,  OF  CADIZ. 

Trigg  county  is  situated  in  the  south  western  part  of  Kentucky;  is  bounded  by  Tennessee 
on  the  south;  Tennessee  river  on  the  west;  Lyon  and  Caldwell  counties  on  the  north;  and 
Christian  county  on  the  east. 

Soil.  About  one  third  is  broken  and  mountainous,  lying  principally  between  Cumberland 
and  Tennessee  rivers,  and  the  spurs,  on  the  east  side  of  the  former  river,  as  also  of  Donald-on 
and  Dry  creeks,  and  lower  part  of  Little  river;  the  balance  is  good  arable  land,  from  an  infe- 
rior up  to  the  highest  grade  of  soil.  The  eastern  and  northern  portion,  embracing  that  part 
lying  north  of  Little  river,  as  also  the  southern  part  lying  south  of  Little  river,  and  surround- 
ing Roaring  Spring,  is  mostly  in  a  highly  cultivated  state,  and  a  large  portion  would  compete 
with  any  soil  in  agricultural  products,  is  of  sperior  quality,  and  presents  many  advantages  to 
the  agriculturist;  the  valleys,  or  bottoms,  of  the  Cumberland  and  Tennessee  rivers,  are  rich 
and  productive,  abounding  in  superior  timber  for  any  and  every  puipose  necessary  for  the  build- 
ing up  of  a  country. 

Stock  is  raised  in  this  county  to  a  limited  extent,  being  principally  for  home  use  or  con 
sumption,  consisting  chiefly  in  horses  and  mules,  which  command  fine  prices,  and  but  very  few 
exported.  An  ample  supply  of  cattle,  sheep,  and  hogs,  to  supply  the  county,  is  produced,  but 
not  much  for  other  markets  except  hogs;  the  production  of  the  latter  is  growing  aud  increas 
ing,  and  the  packers  at  Canton,  within  our  county  do  a  good  business  in  packing  pork,  which 
is  generally  shipped,  while  some  find  other  slaughtering  houses  as  convenience  and  circum 
stances  require.  The  highly  remunerative  prices  renders  it  a  desirable  business  to  engage  in 
raising  hogs. 

Crops. — The  principal  crops  are  corn  and  tobacco,  as  also  oats,  clover,  and  millet,  and  hay 
of  various  kinds.  The  culture  and  growth  of  wheat  is  rapidly  gaining  in  public  favor,  and 
for  some  four  or  five  years  past  has  proven  so  successful  as  now  to  become  one  of  the  staples. 
A  few  years  since  those  who  did  not  grow  wheat  obtained  their  supplies  of  flour  from  St. 
Louis,  Cincinnati,  and  Louisville;  now  they  are  supplied  at  home  by  our  own  mills,  which  (be- 
sides this  home  supply,)  ship  large  quantities  to  other  markets,  and  which,  in  quality,  com- 
petes with  any  brands.  Corn  is  frequently  shipped  or  exported,  but  rarely  oats  or  hay.  To 
bacco  is,  however,  the  staple  of  this  county,  and  is  grown  in  vast  quantities,  and  of  various 
grades,  from  the  finest  grade  to  the  heaviest.     A  great  many  hogsheads  are  annually  shipped, 


STATE  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY.  557 

within  our  borders,  upon  the  Cumberland  river,  a  majority  of  which  is  perhaps  the  growth  of 
this  county. 

Minerals. —  That  portion  of  the  county  lying  on  Cumberland  and  Tennessee  rivers,  and 
lower  part  of  Littie  river,  abounds  in  iron  ore  of  fine  quality,  and  lead  is  said  to  exist  to  some 
extent.     No  other  minerals  have,  as  yet,  been  ascertained. 

Mineral  Waters. — The  Cerulean  Spring,  situated  in  the  North  corner  of  the  county,  is 
deservedly  popular,  and  known  as  a  fine  watering  place.  The  water  possesses  tine  medical 
qualities,  which  are  unknown  to  your  correspondent,  but  which  has  been  pronounced  by  medi 
cal  men  of  superior  quality.  It  is  a  place  of  fine  resort  for  invalids,  who  desire  to  pass  their 
time  pleasantly  and  agreeably,  as  well  as  profitably.  (See  Dr.  Ozcen's  Geological  Report,  page 
246.)  There  is  aLo  another  spring  in  Little  river,  (near  the  residence  of  S.  S.  Liudsey,  Esq  ,) 
of  mineral  qualities,  which  is  said  to  be  st  onger  than  the  water  of  Ceiulean. 

Timber  is  abundant  on  Cumberland,  Tennessee,  and  Little  river,  as  well  as  the  other  water 
courses  in  the  county,  and  is  rapidlv  being  converted  into  lumber  of  various  kinds,  both  for 
home  and  ether  markets.  Staves,  hoop  poles,  boards  and  shingles  are  largely  supplied  to  the 
adjoining  county  of  Christian,  bringing,  iii  return,  a  handsome  remuneration;  also  quantities 
are  shipped  to  other  markets. 

Manufactures  We  have  three  blast  furnaces  in  operation,  and  several  others  for  the  man- 
ufacture of  pig  metal.  (For  the  cost  of  manufacture,  &c .,  see  Geological  Report,  pages  246-7.) 
Besides  these  there  are  various  mills  for  manufacturing  lumber  and  grain,  situated  on  Little 
river,  &c,  as  well  as  others  propelled  by  steam,  say  six  water  mills  and  five  steam  mills;  be- 
sides these  there  are  tanneries,  blacksmiths,  carriage  aud  wagon,  shoe  and  boot,  carpenter, 
cabinet,  coopers  shops,  aud  shop  for  manufacture  of  tobacco  prize  screws,  &c. 

Navigable  Waters.  Perhaps  but  few  counties  are  so  well  and  amply  supplied  in  t'.iis  re- 
spect The  Tennessee  river,  which  is  navigable  at  all  seasons  of  the  year,  washes  our  wes- 
tern border,  the  Cumberland,  running  through  the  whole  county,  (on  which  perhaps  more 
freight  is  borne  than  on  any  other  stream  of  its  size.)  Again  we  have  Little  river,  (declared 
to  be  navigable  by  Legislative  action  up  to  Cadiz,  the  county-seat,)  a  distance  of  some  seven- 
teen miles,  and  which,  by  recent  survey,  made  by  a  superior  engineer,  is  declared  to  possess 
great  advantages  for  slack  -water,  by  the  erection  of  two  locks  and  dams,  to  render  navigation 
permanent  to  the  county  seat,  offering  thereby  great  inducements  to  the  enterprising  citizens 
who  wish  to  invest  in  such  business,  as  would  insure  a  fine  yield. 

Water  power.  In  this  we  abound;  besides  the  streams  mentioned  we  have  Muddy  Fork, 
with  thiee  mills  upon  it,  and  Sinking  Fork  and  Donaldson  creek,  with  one  each.  The  water 
power  on  these  streams  and  Little  river,  with  a  papulation  of  sufficient  enterprise  to  bring  it 
into  use  in  propelling  machinery  of  different  kinds,  would  prove  very  advantageous  in  manu 
factories,  enriching  those  engaged  therein,  giving  labor  to  those  out  of  employment,  aud  oc- 
cupation to  die  industrious;  producing  a  rapid  change  by  circulating  money  among -those  who 
are  destitute,  and  making  the  waste  places  to  fill  up  and  blossom  as  the  rose. 


REPORT  FROM  ROWAN  COUNTY. 

Mokkhead,  Ky  ,  Oct.  16th,  1857. 
R.  W.  Scott,  Cor.  Sec.  K  S.  A   Society: 

Dear  Sir:  I  send  you  a  Report  of  Rowan  county,  Ky. 
It  is  located  in  the  mountain  region  of  Eastern  Kentucky,  and  bounded  on  the  south  by  the 
Licking  river. 

The  Soil  is  mostly  thin,  and  nther  clayey;  well  adapted  to  grass,  particularly  herds  gra39 
and  timothy;  it  produces  fine  oats  and  tolerable  corn,  wheat,  and  rye,  though  as  yet  but  little 
attention  has  been  devoted  to  the  raising  of  wheat.  Potatoes,  sweet  and  lii?h,  as  well  as  cab- 
bage, grow  to  a  state  of  great  peifection  here.  Horses,  cattle,  hogs,  mules,  and  sheep  aro 
reared  for  market  in  this  county. 


558  REPORT  OF  THE 

Minerals.  There  is  but  little  mineral  as  yet  discovered  in  the  county,  except  iron  ore, 
which  exists  in  great  abundance  and  of  the  richest  quality.  The  location  of  the  Lexington 
and  Big  Sandy  Railroad  is  through  the  center  of  this  county,  and  along  the  Valley  of  the 
Triplett  creek.  This  valley  affords  the  finest  of  timber,  in  great  abundance,  while  the  adja- 
cent hills  are  rich  in  iron  ore.  Triplett  creek  affords  some  good  water  powers,  and  as  good 
sites  as  could  be  desired  for  steam  works.  The  Valley  of  Triplett  is  a  beautiful  valley,  and 
when  properly  improved  will  be  a  desirable  part  of  the  State  to  live  in. 

There  are  but  few  manufacturing  establishments  in  the  county.  There  is  one  steam  mill, 
and  perhaps  some  half  dozen  water  mills  in  ihe  county. 

There  are  no  streams  running  through  the  county  that  deserve  to  be  called  navigable 
strecms,  though  there  is,  in  time  of  high  tides,  downward  navigation  in  Triplett.  The  Lick- 
ing river,  on  the  south  side  of  the  county,  aifords  pretty  good  downward  navigation  whenever 
there  is  a  rise  in  the  waters.  Yours,  most  respectfully, 

HIRAM  DAILY! 


i  ^r  d  e  x; . 


PAGE 

Act  to  incorporate  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  &c.  20 

Address,  annual,  by  Gov.  C.  S.  Morehead  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society         -  70 

Address,  annual,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  by  President  B.  J.  Clay          -  210 

Address,  Hon.  C.  Allan's,  published  by  the  State  in  1841 8 

Address,  Hon.  C.  S.  Todd's,  before  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  1839      -         -  6 

Addregs  of  C.  D.  Kirk  to  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute  1857 440 

Address  of  Geo.  W.  Morris  to  Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute  for  1857          -         -         -  433 

Address  of  Hon.  L.  W.  Powell  at  second  Kentucky  State  Fair  1857      -  255 
Address  of  James  R.  Curry  to  the  Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Asso- 

.    ciation  1857             ....         - 409 

Address  of  Thos.  B  Stevenson  to  Mason  and  Bracken  Society 186 

Agricultural  Fairs,  first  attended  by  ladies 127 

Agricultural  Fairs  in  Kentucky,  historical  sketch  of      ------         -  124 

Agricultural  Fairs,  music  at  first  introduced            -         -         -                  -         -         -         -  126 

Agricultural  Schools  and  Colleges  for  Kentucky  recommended 216 

Agricultural  Schools  for  Kentucky — proposed  to  be  endowed  by  the  State — by  Hon.  D. 

Merriwether             .............  7 

Agricultural  Schools  in  Kentucky,  bill  to  establish  introduced  in  the  Kentucky  Legisla- 
ture by  Hon.  Jas.  Guthrie  in  1840            - -  7 

Agricultural  Societies — County — reports  of  1856            -------  67 

Agricultural  Societies — County — early,  in  Kentucky,  officers  of 127 

Agricultural  Societies  in  Kentucky  in  1856,  reports  of 131 

Agriculture,  the  advantages  to,  of  protective  duties  on  imported  goods,  by   Hon.  A. 

Beatty r 292 

Allen,  Albert,  prize  Essay  of  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  1856           -         -  78 

Awards  at  the  second  Kentucky  State  Fair  1857 -  247 

Barren  county,  report  from -  535 

Beatty,  Hon    Adam,  his  four  Premium  Essays        --------  7 

Board  of  Directors  of  Kentucky   State  Agricultural    Society,  proceedings  of  in    Louis- 
ville, September  1st,  1857       = 219 

Board  of  Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  proceedings  of  at  Hender- 
son, September,  1857 220 

Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  full  report  for  1857      -                   -  312 
Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  settlement  of  with  the  Kentucky    State  Agricul- 
tural Society,  1856           -                           -  62 

Bracken  County,  report  from           ..-.-...          ...  540 

Breckinridge,  Mrs    ft.  J.,  first  lady  to  attend  a  Fair,       -------  137 

Ereckinridge,    R.  J.,  prize  essay  of,  to  Kentucky    State  Agricultural  Society    1856,  on 

crops  or  staples  of  any  kind    -----------  94 

Breckinridge,  R.  J.,  prize  essay  of,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural    Society  in  1856,  on 

breeding  stock  of  any  kind -          -  99 

Breckinridge,  R.  J.,  his  prize  essay  on  the  use  and  assistance  of  Mechanics  to  Agricul- 
ture                            -  119 

Breeding  animals  for  the  farm,  essay  on,  by  F.  J.  Flanagan  ------  265 

Breeding  Stock  of  any  kind,  prize  essay  on,  by  Albert  Allen           -----  78 

By  Lawj  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  and  duties  of  officers          .         -         -  217 


500 


INDEX. 


Cabinet  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  specimens  contained  in,  1857       -         -  302 

Cattle,  Kentucky  as  seen  from  abroad    -------.--  60 

Chinese  Sugar  Cane,  essay  on  the  cultivation,  uses,  &c.  of,  by  Mrs.  M.  J.  Daviess,  pre- 
mium to  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857  --....  287 

Corn  as  a  staple,  essay  on,  by  Dr.  J.  S.  Seaton,  premium  to,  by  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society,  1857      -             ■ 284 

Corresponding  Secretary  cf  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  report  of  -                   •  G6 

Corresponding  Secretary's  report,  for  1857,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society       -  299 

Corresponding  Secretary,  circular  of,  to  County  Societies  for  1857          ....  300 

Counties  in  Kentucky,  reports  of  -                   .........  534 

Counties,  statistical  reports  of,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857         -         -  303 

County  Agricultural  Societies  in  Kentucky,  abstract  of  their  reports  for  1856         -         -  67 
County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Society,  condensed  reports  of,  to  Kentucky  State 

Agricultural  Society,  1857       -         -         -         -      .  -                  -         -         -         -         -  304 

Crops  of  Kentucky,  Essay  on,  by  R.  J.  Spurr 92 

Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind,  prize  essay  on,  by  R.  J.  Breckinringe                •  .               -  94 

Daviess  County,  report  from 535 

Directors  of  Kentucky    State  Agricultural  Society,  report  to  the  Legislature  in  1857  1 
Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  proceedings  of  in  1856  61 
Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  (or  1857,  proceedings  of    -         -         -  215 
Essay  on  Corn  as  a  Staple,  by  Dr.  J   S.  Seaton,  premiums  to  by  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society,   1857 ....                  -284 

Essay  on  the  advantages  to  Agriculture  of  protective  duties  on  imported  goods,  by 

Hon.  A.  Beatty        ...         ...         .                   ....  292 

Essay  on  the  Cultivation  of  Fruits  and  Fruit  Trees  of  Kentucky,  premium  awarded  J. 

N.  Withers  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857 281 

Essay  on  the  Cultivation,  Uses,  &c,  of  Chinese  Sugar  Cane,   by   Mrs.   M.  J.  Daviess, 

premium  to,  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857     .....  287 

Essay,  prize,  on  Soils,  by  D.  D.  Owen,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,    -         -  103 

Essays,  piemium,   written  by  Hon.  A.  Beatty  in  1841     .......  7 

Essay,  prize,  by  Arthur  Peter,  on  Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees  of  Kentucky    •                -  -         -  111 

Essay,  prize,  by  Albert  Allen,  on  Breeding  Stock  of  any  kind 78 

E-say,  premium,  by  F.  J.  Flanagan,  on  Breeding  Animals  for  the  Farm          -         -         -  265 
Essay,  prize,  by  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  on  Crops  or  Staples  of  any  kind,  and  the  cultiva 

tion  of  them                     ............  94 

Essay,  prize,  by  R.  J.  Breckinridge,  on  Breeding  Stock  of  any  kind                           -         -  99 
Essay,   prize,    by    R.J.    Breckimidge,    on  the    aassistance   of  Mechanics  to  Agricul- 
ture         ...         -                  119 

Essay,  prize,  by  R.  J.  Spurr,  on  some  of  the  crops  of  Kentucky     ...                  -  92 

Essavs,  premiums  awarded  to,  by  Kentucky  State   Agricultural  Society,  in  1856             -  54 

Essays,  premiums  awarded  to,  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857         -         -  264 

Fair  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  in  1856,  notices  of  the  press,     •         -  55 
Fair,  second,   of  Kentucky  State   Agricultural  Society,  description  of,    and    notices  of 

the  press          ..............  241 

Fair,  second,  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  awards  at,  for  1357      -         -  247 

Fair,  second,  of  Kentucky  State  Agriculture  Society,   address  of  Gov.    Powell  at,  1857  255 
Farm,  model,  bill  to  establish,  passed  the  Senate  of  Kentucky,  introduced  by  Hon.  Jas. 

Guthrie,  in  1810                -          -         -         - 7 

Franklin  county,  report  from, 540 

Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky,  Essay  on,  by  Arthur  Peter,     •         -         -         •         -111 
Fruit  and  Fruit  Trees  in  Kentucky,  Essay  on  the  cultivation  of,  by  f.  N.   Withers.        -  281 
Gedogical  Survey  for  Kentucky,  first  asked  by  the   Kentucky  State    Agricultural  Soci- 
ety, in  1839 6 

Greenup  county,  report  from          -•..-..-..,.  540 


INDEX.  561 

'Harrison 'County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical   Association,   address  of  J.  B.  Curry,  to  409 

Henderson  county,  report  from 542 

Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultural,   Mechanical,    Horticultural,   and   Scien- 
tific Association,  full  report  of,  for  1857 412 

Henry  county,  report  from --  545 

Historical  sketch  of  early  Fairs  and  Agricultural  Societies  in  Kentucky       -         -         -  124 

History  and  proceedings  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  1836       ...  5 

History  of  a  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  1838     ------  5 

History  of  the  present  Kentucky  State    Agricultural  Society 9 

Hopkins  county,  report  from           -         -         -         --         -         -         •         -         -         -  546 

Kenton  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  no  report  from,  for  1857       -  412 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  at  Lexington,  full  report  for  1857,  413 

Kentucky  Horticultural  Society,  report  of  for  1857 426 

Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  full  report  of  for  1857  -------  427 

Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  address  to,  by  Geo.  W.  Morris,  1857    -  433 

Kentucky  Mechanics' Institute,  address  to,  by  C.  D.  Kirk,  1857 440 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  list  of  premiums  and  judges  for  1856  25 

Awards  at  the  Fair  of,  for  1856  44 
Premiums  of,  to  Essays,  hemp  and  tooacco  in  1856  54 
Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  settlement  of  with  the  Bourbon  County  Agricul- 
tural Society  in  1856 -----  62 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  Treasurer's  report  of  in  1856      -         ...  -63 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  by-laws  of  and  duties  of  officers            ...  217 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  premium  list  of  second  Fair,  1857         -        -         -  221 
Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  second  Fair  of,  description  and  notices  of  the  press 

concerning      ---. 241 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  awards  at  the  second  Fair  of  247 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  address  of  Gov.  Powell  at  second  Fair  of   -         -  255 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  premiums  awarded  to  Essays  by,  for  1857    -         -  264 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  Treasurer's  report  for  1857           ....  3U8 

Ladies  first  attend  Agricultural  Fairs 127 

Letcher  county,  report  from ----  547 

Lewis  county,  report  from -  548 

Library  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1857,  periodicals  and  books  in    -         -  301 

Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  report  of,  for  1857    -         -  445 

Logan  county,  report  from 549 

Madison  country,  report  from        -         -         -, 549 

Mason  county,  report  from 553 

Meeting  of  Board  of  Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  March,  1857  -  215 

Montgomery  county,  report  from 554 

Morehead,  Gov.  C.  S.,  address  of  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1856    -         -  70 

Nelson  County,  report  from --  555 

Officers  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1857,  elected          ....  213 

Organization  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society 23 

Owen,  D.  D.,  prize  essay  of,  on  soils, 103 

Patent  Office,  United  States,  asked  to  be  made  a  distributory  of  seeds,  by  the  Kentucky 

State  Agricultural  Society  in  1838 6 

Peter,  Arthur,  prize  essay  of,  on  Fruit  and  Fruit  trees  in  Kentucky,         -         -         -         -  111 

Powell,  Hon.  L.  W.,  address  of,  at  Second  State  Fair 225 

Premium  List  and  committees  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1856         -         -  25 

Premium  List  of  the  Second  Kentucky  State  Fair >■  221 

Premiums  for  tobacco,  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society     -  240 

Prize  Essays  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  1856  78 

36 


562  INDEX. 

Proceedings   of  Board  of  Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  Louis- 
ville, September  1,  1857           2l9 

Proceedings  of  Board  of  Directors  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  at  Hender- 
son, Kentucky,  October  1857 220 

Report  from  Barren  County  -.---.----          --  535 

Bracken  County                   .........  540 

Daviess  County -  535 

Franklin  County 540* 

Greenup  County .  542 

Henderson  County 542 

Henry  County    -         -         - 545 

Hopkins  County         ..........  546- 

Letcber  County -         -  547 

Lewis  County     -                  548 

Logan  county 549 

Madison  county           * 549 

Mason  County  ------------  553 

Montgomery  County          -         -         -         - 554 

Nelson  County '■-         .         .         .         .         ..  555 

Rowan  county             ...*- 557 

Trigg  county 556 

Report  of  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  for   1857  to 

the  Legislature  of  Kentucky  .."...-  ....  1 
Report  of  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  1856  -  66 
Report  of  the  Corresponding  Secretary  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  1857  -  299" 
Report  of  the  Treasurer  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  for  1857  -  -  -  308 
Reports  of  counties,,  statistical,  &c,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  1657  -  303 
Reports  of  County  Agricultural  Societies  in  Kentucky  in  1856  -----  67 
Reports  of  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Societies  in  Kentucky  for  1856  -  131 
Reports  of  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associations  to  Kentucky  State  Agri- 
cultural Society  1857 --         -  303 

Reports  of  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Societies  in  Kentucky  full  reports  of  1857  31 1 

Report  of  Campbell  County  Agricultural  Society,  full  for  1857       -----  330 
Central  Kentucky  Stock,  Agricultural  and   Mechanical  Association,  full  for 

1857 339 

Christian  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857         -  349 

Clarke  County  Stock  Society,  full  for  1857 358 

Crab  Orchard  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857     -         -  364 

Daviess  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Society,  full  for  1857        -         -  371 

Fulton  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857            -  384 

Green  River  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857      -         -  394 

Glenville  Stock  Association,  full  for  1857 392 

Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857         -  397 
Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultural,  Horticultural,  Mechanical  and 

Scientific  Association,  full  for  1857 412 

Kenton  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  no  report  for  1857  41" 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857           -         -  413 

Kentucky  Horticultural  Society  for  1857 -  42& 

Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  full  for  1857           -         -         -         -                  -  427 

Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857     -         -  445 

Nelson  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857     -         -  451 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural  Society,  full  for  1857 451 


lsdex.  563 

Report  of  North  Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  of  Mason,  Lewis, 

and  Fleming  Counties,  full  for  1857 472 

Ohio  County  Agricultural,  Mechanical  and  Domestic  Society,  full  for  1857    -  48L 

South-Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857  -         -  498 
South-Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  near  Paducah,  full 

for  1857    -         -         -                  500 

Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857       -  492 
Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857         -         -         -  501 
Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association  of  Mason  and  Bracken  Coun- 
ties, full  for  1857 514 

Warren  Couuty  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  for  1857           -  527 

Robinson,  Solon,  recommended  Music  at  Agricultural  Fairs           .....  126 

Rowan  County,  report  from    ----- 557 

Sanders,  Col.  Lewis,  letter  of,  on  early  Cattle  Shows  in  Kentucky         ....  124 
School,  Agricultural  for  Kentucky,  first  asked  by  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  So- 
ciety in  1839  7 

schools,  Agricultural  for  Kentucky,  endowment  by  the  State,  proposed  by  Hon.  D.  Mer- 

riwether 7 

Seed,  distribution  of  by  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society  in  1857  ....  302 

Societies,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  in  Kentucky,  reports  of  for  1856       -         -         -  131 
Societies,  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  condensed  reports   of,    to  Kentucky 

State  Agricultural  Society,  1857 304 

Society,  Bourbon  County  Agricultural  Society,  report  of        -----         -  132 

Bourbon  County  Agricultural,  full  report  for  1857 312 

Campbell  County  Agricultural,  full  report  of,  for  1857 330 

Central  Kentucky  Stock,  Agricultural    and  Mechanical   Association,  report  of  132 

Central  Kentucky  at  Danville,  full  report  of,  for  1857 339 

Christian  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  report  of        -         -  136 

Christian  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857       -         -  349 

Clarke  County  Horse  and  Mule  Improving  Association,  report  of      -         -         -  136 

Clarke  County  Stock,  full  report  of,  for  1857              358 

Crab  Orchard  Agricultural  Society,  report  of-------  139 

Crab  Orchard  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857             -         -  364 

Daviess  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  report  of    -         -         -         -         -  141 

Daviess  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857         -         -  371 

Fulton  County  Agricultural,  report  of                            ......  141 

Fulton  County   Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857         -         -  384 

Gknville  Stock,  full  report  of,  for  1857              392 

Green  River  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857     -         -         -  394 

Harrison  County  Agricultural,  report  of              .......  147 

Harrison  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857        -         -  397 
Henderson,  Hopkins  and  Union  Agricultural,  Horticultural,  and  Mechanical,  re- 
port of 143 

Kenton  County  Agricultural,  report  of 153 

Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  at  Lexington,  report  of      -  153 
Kentucky  Agricultural  and  Mechanical    Association,  at  Lexington,  full  report 

for  1857,              .  413 

Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  Louisville,  Kentucky,  report  of  164 

Kentucky  Mechanics'  Institute,  full  report  for  1857             -  427 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural,  in  Kentucky,  in  1838,  history  of          ...  5 

Kentucky  State  Agricultural,  history  of,  and  how  organized       ....  9 

Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  report  for  1856            -  161 

Logan  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  full  report  for  1857  445 

Nslson  County  Agricultural  Association,  report  of,  for  1856     ....  168 


564  INDEX. 

Society,  Nelson  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857         -         -  451 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural,  report  for  1856                      170 

North  Kentucky  Agricultural,  full  report  of,  for  1857 451 

North  Kentucky  of  Mason,  Lewis  and  Fleming  counties,  report  of,  for  1857      -  472 

Ohio  County  Agricultural,  Mechanical  and  Domestic,  full  report  of,  for  1857  481 

Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechauical  Association,  report  of        -         -  180 

Springfield  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857     -         -  492 
South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  near  Louisville,  report 

for  1856 171 

South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical ,  at  Louisville,  full  report  of,  for  1857  498 
South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechan  ical  Association,  at  Paducab,  report  of  178 
South  Western  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  at  Paducah,  report  of, for  1857  -  500 
Union,  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  near  Eminence,  report  of  199 
Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  near  Eminence,  full  report  of,  for  1857  -  501 
Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  of  Mason  and  Bracken,  re- 
port of 184 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  of  Mason  and  Bracken,  report  of      -         -  195 

Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  of  Mason  and  Bracken,  report  of               -  514 

Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Association,  report  of  204 

Warren  County  Agricultural  and  Mechanical,  full  report  of,  for  1857         -         -  527 

Soils,  prize  essay  on,  by  D.  D.  Owen,              103 

Spurr,  R.  J.,  prize  essay  of,  to  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  1856            -         -  92 
Statistics,  Agricultural  of  Kentucky,  first  asked  by  the    Kentucky  State   Agricultural 

Society,  in  1838 6 

State  Agricultural  Society,  in  Kentucky,  in  1838 5 

State  Agricultural  Society  of  Kentucky,  when  and  how  organized          ....  9 

Names  and  Post-office  of  first  members  of      -  12 

Charter  of  the 20 

First  officers  of 23 

Annual  meeting,  January,  1857       ...  209 

Library  of,  in  1857 301 

Seeds  distributed  by,  in  1857  ....  302 
Cabinet  of,  specimens  in        ....  302 
Stevenson,  Thomas  B.,  Address  by,  to  the  Union  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  Associa- 
tion of  Mason  and  Bracken 186 

Stock,  breeding  of  any  kind,  prize  essay  on,  by  R.  J.  Breckinridge        ....  99 
Survey,  Geological,  for  Kentucky,  first  asked  for  by  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural 

Society  in  1839 6 

Tobacco,  premiums  for  offered,  for  1853 240 

Treasurer's  Report  of  the  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  for  1856  63 

Treasurer's  Report  of  Kentucky  State  Agricultural  Society,  for  1857    ....  308 

Trigg  County,  report  from -        -        •  556 


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